Journal articles on the topic 'Medical personnel Health risk assessment'
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1
Priambodo, Raditya, Elsye Maria Rosa, and Sri Sundari. "Kepatuhan dan Ketepatan Tenaga Medis dalam Pengisian Assessment Pre Dialisis di Klinik Hemodialisis Nitipuran Health Center." Jurnal Ilmiah Universitas Batanghari Jambi 20, no. 1 (February 5, 2020): 268. http://dx.doi.org/10.33087/jiubj.v20i1.775.
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Background: The National Hospital Accreditation Standards (SNARS) state that one of the key indicators in patient-focused service standards is patient assessment. The purpose of this study was to analyze the level of compliance and accuracy of medical personnel in pre dialysis assessments at NHC. Subjects and Method: This study uses a mixed method with the Cohort Study approach. Research subjects were medical records for quantitative data and doctors, nurses and head nurses for qualitative data. Quantitative data analysis with descriptive analysis, and qualitative analysis with in-depth interviews. Result: The level of compliance and accuracy of medical personnel in filling the pre dialysis assessment at the Nitipuran Hemodialysis Clinic is not quite good. The implementation of pre dialysis assessment at the NHC includes physical status, medical history, history of drug allergy, assessment of pain, risk of falls, and educational needs. Constraints include time constraints, assessments are filled in immediately without checking in detailly, there are gaps in the hourly monitoring records. Conclusion: compliance and accuracy of medical personnel in filling out assessments must be improved.
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Smirnova, S. S., I. А. Egorov, N. N. Zhuikov, L. G. Vyatkina, А. N. Kharitonov, А. V. Semenov, and О. V. Morova. "Risks of becoming infected with SARS-CoV-2 for medical personnel in a large industrial city during the pandemic: comparative assessment." Health Risk Analysis, no. 2 (June 2022): 139–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.21668/health.risk/2022.2.13.
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The COVID-19 pandemic has produced its effects on functioning of all the state institutions, the public healthcare system being a peculiar one among them. Medical personnel have become an unprotected population group that was actively involved into the epidemic process. Results produced by several studies indicate that relative risks to become infected with COVID-19 are by up to 11.6 times higher for medical personnel than in population at large. A share of medical personnel among patients with COVID-19 varies in different countries, from 4.2 % in China to 17.8 % in the USA. According to official statistics, in 2020 a share of medical personnel who became infected with COVID-19 in in-hospital foci amounted to 68.6 % in the RF regions located in the Urals and Siberian Federal Districts. High epidemic potential of the virus and intensive mass contacts between medical personnel and their patients make for rapid SARS-CoV-2 spread and infection among them. It is vital to examine all the range of risk factors that cause SARS-CoV-2 infection among medical personnel. The present study involved using “The map of epidemiological investigation focused on the incidence of the new coronavirus infection (COVID-19) in medical personnel”. The map was located on Google Cloud Platform. Overall, 613 medical workers from different medical organizations took part in the research. We applied sociological, epidemiological and statistical research techniques. We established that work in an infectious diseases hospital increased a relative risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection by 1.8 times (RR = 1.78; 95 % CI [1.65–1.93]). The total risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection was insignificant for workers employed at a medical organization that provided scheduled medical assistance to population (RR = 1.02; 95 % CI [1.00–1.04]). However, certain factors created elevated risks of infection. Any contacts with COVID-19 patients who were close relatives, friends or neighbors were established to be significant (RR = 1.13; 95 % CI [1.04–1.228]). The research results should be used when organizing work procedures and anti-epidemic activities in infectious diseases hospitals and medical organizations providing scheduled assistance to population. The focus should be on providing medical personnel with personal protective equipment as well as on calculating relevant duration of a work shift relying on the risk-based approach.
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Smirnova, S. S., I. А. Egorov, N. N. Zhuikov, L. G. Vyatkina, А. N. Kharitonov, А. V. Semenov, and О. V. Morova. "Risks of becoming infected with SARS-CoV-2 for medical personnel in a large industrial city during the pandemic: comparative assessment." Health Risk Analysis, no. 2 (June 2022): 139–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.21668/health.risk/2022.2.13.eng.
Full textAbstract:
The COVID-19 pandemic has produced its effects on functioning of all the state institutions, the public healthcare system being a peculiar one among them. Medical personnel have become an unprotected population group that was actively involved into the epidemic process. Results produced by several studies indicate that relative risks to become infected with COVID-19 are by up to 11.6 times higher for medical personnel than in population at large. A share of medical personnel among patients with COVID-19 varies in different countries, from 4.2 % in China to 17.8 % in the USA. According to official statistics, in 2020 a share of medical personnel who became infected with COVID-19 in in-hospital foci amounted to 68.6 % in the RF regions located in the Urals and Siberian Federal Districts. High epidemic potential of the virus and intensive mass contacts between medical personnel and their patients make for rapid SARS-CoV-2 spread and infection among them. It is vital to examine all the range of risk factors that cause SARS-CoV-2 infection among medical personnel. The present study involved using “The map of epidemiological investigation focused on the incidence of the new coronavirus infection (COVID-19) in medical personnel”. The map was located on Google Cloud Platform. Overall, 613 medical workers from different medical organizations took part in the research. We applied sociological, epidemiological and statistical research techniques. We established that work in an infectious diseases hospital increased a relative risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection by 1.8 times (RR = 1.78; 95 % CI [1.65–1.93]). The total risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection was insignificant for workers employed at a medical organization that provided scheduled medical assistance to population (RR = 1.02; 95 % CI [1.00–1.04]). However, certain factors created elevated risks of infection. Any contacts with COVID-19 patients who were close relatives, friends or neighbors were established to be significant (RR = 1.13; 95 % CI [1.04–1.228]). The research results should be used when organizing work procedures and anti-epidemic activities in infectious diseases hospitals and medical organizations providing scheduled assistance to population. The focus should be on providing medical personnel with personal protective equipment as well as on calculating relevant duration of a work shift relying on the risk-based approach.
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Annenkova, E. A., O. A. Tikhonova, A. P. Biryukov, L. I. Baranov, I. G. Dibirgadzhiev, M. V. Sheyanov, O. A. Kasymova, and O. V. Parinov. "Risk-Based Causal Model of Risk Factors for Infection among Medical Personnel Involved in the Care Of Patients with the New COVID-19 Coronavirus Infection." Disaster Medicine, no. 3 (September 2021): 65–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.33266/2070-1004-2021-3-65-68.
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The aim of the study is to develop and apply a mathematical model for assessing the risks of contamination of medical personnel involved in providing medical care to patients with COVID-19 in a "red zone" environment. Materials and methods. Based on the analysis of informative signs and information on working conditions in the infectious disease department of the A.I. Burnazyan Federal Medical Biophysical Center of the Federal Medical and Biological Agency of Russia, a decision-making support system was developed to provide an objective assessment of the risks of infection for medical personnel when providing medical care in the "red zone". Results of the study and their analysis. The influence of various risk factors for infection of medical personnel involved in the provision of medical care to patients with new coronavirus infection COVID-19 was analyzed; the most significant risk factors were identified.
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Burtseva, T. I., V. A. Solopova, A. I. Baitelova, and N. N. Rakhimova. "Infection of personnel working in clinical and diagnostic laboratories: qualitative analysis and risk assessment." Health Risk Analysis, no. 2 (June 2022): 128–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.21668/health.risk/2022.2.12.
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Personnel who work in laboratories and directly deal with detecting and examining pathogenic biological agents (PBA) in human biomaterials have to face high risks of becoming infected. At present, working conditions at workplaces of personnel in such laboratories are to be analyzed and checked thoroughly with subsequent implementation of relevant correction measures. We performed qualitative analysis of infection risks in clinical and diagnostic laboratories using a reason tree and event tree analysis and determined a risk probability range for an ending event considering combined effects produced by preconditions. We revealed basic reasons why personnel in medical laboratories became infected when working with PBA. The events were considered at three levels and four directions in their development. We performed mathematical calculation of possible event combinations and determined the whole probability range for occurrence of the events. Quantitative risk analysis showed that a probability of a person becoming infected remained within 0.9∙10–4–0.9∙10–3 range even in case of the most unfavorable outcome. The study provides a well-substantiated conclusion about peculiarities of work tasks accomplished in laboratories; we established that laboratory personnel who were involved in determining drug resistance of microbacteria had the highest risks of infection. The most hazardous scenarios of emergencies were identified; they made the highest contribution to the analyzed risk. We established that a probability of personnel becoming infected that starts with the value being 1.3∙10–6 occurs when immune prevention is neglected and a disease is revealed too late. It is advisable to analyze ways how emergencies develop in medical laboratories since this helps to make necessary amendments in the system and influence factors of its functioning. This analysis procedure gives an opportunity to select the most relevant measures for protection and prevention of emergencies involving PBA leakage out of all the available ones. These measures can reduce risks of infection for personnel down to their acceptable levels.
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Burtseva, T. I., V. A. Solopova, A. I. Baitelova, and N. N. Rakhimova. "Infection of personnel working in clinical and diagnostic laboratories: qualitative analysis and risk assessment." Health Risk Analysis, no. 2 (June 2022): 128–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.21668/health.risk/2022.2.12.eng.
Full textAbstract:
Personnel who work in laboratories and directly deal with detecting and examining pathogenic biological agents (PBA) in human biomaterials have to face high risks of becoming infected. At present, working conditions at workplaces of personnel in such laboratories are to be analyzed and checked thoroughly with subsequent implementation of relevant correction measures. We performed qualitative analysis of infection risks in clinical and diagnostic laboratories using a reason tree and event tree analysis and determined a risk probability range for an ending event considering combined effects produced by preconditions. We revealed basic reasons why personnel in medical laboratories became infected when working with PBA. The events were considered at three levels and four directions in their development. We performed mathematical calculation of possible event combinations and determined the whole probability range for occurrence of the events. Quantitative risk analysis showed that a probability of a person becoming infected remained within 0.9∙10–4–0.9∙10–3 range even in case of the most unfavorable outcome. The study provides a well-substantiated conclusion about peculiarities of work tasks accomplished in laboratories; we established that laboratory personnel who were involved in determining drug resistance of microbacteria had the highest risks of infection. The most hazardous scenarios of emergencies were identified; they made the highest contribution to the analyzed risk. We established that a probability of personnel becoming infected that starts with the value being 1.3∙10–6 occurs when immune prevention is neglected and a disease is revealed too late. It is advisable to analyze ways how emergencies develop in medical laboratories since this helps to make necessary amendments in the system and influence factors of its functioning. This analysis procedure gives an opportunity to select the most relevant measures for protection and prevention of emergencies involving PBA leakage out of all the available ones. These measures can reduce risks of infection for personnel down to their acceptable levels.
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Bondareva, E. D., K. E. Borovkova, and M. N. Makarova. "Risk-Based Approach to the Assessment of Sanitary Safety of Vivariums and Breeding Facilities, and Health Status of Personnel and Laboratory Animals." Bulletin of the Scientific Centre for Expert Evaluation of Medicinal Products 10, no. 4 (December 11, 2020): 257–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.30895/1991-2919-2020-10-4-257-266.
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The paper discusses the system of managing risks arising during preclinical studies (risks for the health of personnel and laboratory animals, as well as risks associated with sanitation of premises) as a way to improve and control the efficiency of processes and the safety of facilities involved in preclinical studies.The aim of the study was to analyse the risk assessment system’s efficiency for improvement of drug safety assessment during preclinical studies in the context of animal care and use programmes.Materials and methods: the Failure Mode Effect Analysis (FMEA) method was used to assess the sanitary and hygienic conditions in laboratory animal facilities, as well as health status and welfare of laboratory animals and the attending personnel. The study checked the presence of pathogenic and opportunistic microflora as the main potential inconsistencies.Results: the risk assessment performed during monitoring of laboratory animal health, monitoring of surface cleanliness, and assessment of personnel health, helped to establish a list of the most dangerous pathogens that require stricter control. In order to reduce risks arising during preclinical studies, the following set of measures was proposed: monitoring of the living environment and health of laboratory animals, revision of therapeutic and preventive measures for laboratory animals (including adjustment of antibiotic treatment depending on antimicrobial resistance of microorganisms), monitoring of the personnel health status, taking measures to enhance the personnel vigilance with respect to their own health, prohibition to work at the premises for employees showing symptoms, control of how the employees showing symptoms observe the prohibition to work at the premises, organisation of periodic medical examinations for personnel having contact with laboratory animals.Conclusions: the risk-based assessment helped to identify the most dangerous potential inconsistencies (pathogenic and opportunistic microflora) and the necessary preventive measures to control and manage potential risk consequences.
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Blokh, A. I., I. I. Panyushkina, P. O. Pakhtusova, I. V. Sergeeva, L. I. Levahina, I. P. Burashnikova, N. G. Anpilova, N. A. Penyevskaya, O. A. Pasechnik, and N. V. Rudakov. "Assessment of Seroconversion to SARS-CoV-2 in Health Care Unitunit Personnel." Epidemiology and Vaccinal Prevention 20, no. 5 (November 5, 2021): 32–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.31631/2073-3046-2021-20-5-32-38.
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Relevance. The novel coronavirus pandemic is a major burden on public health and healthcare professionals. The study of the prevalence of antibodies among medical workers provides an understanding of the potential risk of transmission of the infectious agent, the level of herd immunity, the introduction of specific immunization and risk stratification in various areas of professional activities.The purpose of this study was to assess the level of specific antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 in the personnel of the medical and sanitary unit, providing the population with outpatient and inpatient medical care.Materials and methods. A study to assess seroprevalence to the SARS-CoV-2 virus was carried out in the Omsk region from September 2020 to December 2020. The study included 2 groups of employees of continuously operating organizations – the main group – employees of the medical and sanitary unit of the city of Omsk (n = 631), the control group consisted of employees of two industrial enterprises in the city of Omsk (n = 1696). The level of class G immunoglobulins to the SARS-CoV-2 virus was determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.Results. Among medical workers, the proportion of people with a positive reaction to IgG was 73.1% (n = 461; 95% CI 69.5–76.4%). In the control group, the proportion of those who were seropositive was 3.9 times less than that – 18.6% (n = 315; 95% CI 16.8–20.5). Significant differences in seroprevalence in men and women were revealed in medical workers (χ2 = 4.164; p = 0.0413). The highest proportion of seroconversion was found in nursing staff – 85,4% (95% CI 71.6 – 93.1), in doctors – 63.3% (95% CI 55.0–70.9). The highest rate of seroprevalence was found among hospital medical workers – 81.9%, the lowest among employees of the administrative and economic service – 51,8%.Conclusions. The level of specific antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 among medical workers significantly exceeded that of other professional groups, and there was a high proportion of seroconversion among junior medical personnel and in-patient medical unit workers.
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Batov, V. E., S. M. Kuznetsov, and S. M. Logatkin. "Assessment of risk factors for COVID-19 infection in personnel of military medical organizations." Medicо-Biological and Socio-Psychological Problems of Safety in Emergency Situations, no. 3 (January 5, 2023): 13–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.25016/2541-7487-2022-0-3-13-20.
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Relevance. Workers in medical organizations are at risk of developing occupational diseases, including coronavirus infection through frequent contacts with patients and colleagues in the course of their professional activities. Analysis of the causes of infection associated with the pathogen SARS-CoV-2 is the basis for development of preventive measures aimed at minimizing the risk of infection. Intention – development of the main directions for the prevention of COVID-19 morbidity among medical personnel based on a hygienic assessment of occupational risk factors. Methodology. An analysis of cases of a new coronavirus infection among employees of a military medical organization was carried out. An assessment was made of the factors that increase the risk of personnel infection, based on the study of materials from epidemiological investigations and the results of a survey. Results and Discussion. Research has identified factors that increase the risk of COVID-19. An analysis of the causes of the disease showed that in 60 % of cases, infection of personnel is associated with infection at the workplace (contacts with patients – 53.1 %, contacts personnel – 6.9 %), in 38.7 % of cases the cause was not established, in 1.3 % – contacts with sick relatives were registered. A number of specialists from certain professional groups have a higher incidence rate (traumatologists, surgeons, urologists, specialists who carry out sanitary and epidemiological surveillance). It was found that, regardless of the category of work and specialty, during the pandemic, the staff had contacts with sick patients – 78.2 %, contacts with sick colleagues – 53.7 %. Contacts with sick patients increased the risk of developing the disease (RR 1.26; 95 % CI: 1.02–1.55; p = 0.01). The required degree of personnel protection was not provided in this case, which affected the significance of the factor of violation of the rules for the use of PPE (RR 1.66; 95 % CI: 1.11–2.48; p = 0.006) in the risk of developing disease. At the same time, the involvement of personnel to the work in the “red zone” increased the likelihood of the disease (RR 2.98; 95 % CI: 1.24–7.17; p = 0.005). Conclusion. The conducted studies made it possible to establish differences in the level of potential risk for certain categories of medical specialists in non-infectious departments (traumatologists, surgeons, urologists; specialists in charge of sanitary and epidemiological surveillance) and to develop directions for preventive measures based on their analysis.
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Kondashov, A. A., E. Yu Udavtsova, V. A. Mashtakov, E. V. Bobrinev, A. A. Vetoshkin, and T. A. Shavyrina. "Assessment of the acceptable risk of injury in employees of the Federal Fire Service of EMERCOM of Russia." Medicо-Biological and Socio-Psychological Problems of Safety in Emergency Situations, no. 1 (April 2, 2021): 40–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.25016/2541-7487-2021-0-1-40-49.
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Relevance. Occupational Safety and Health Management System (OSHMS) should be improved and regularly adjusted based on continuous analysis of hazards and current risks.Intention. Development of approaches to determining the permissible level of risks to the personnel of the Federal Fire Service (FPS) of the EMERCOM of Russia when performing occupational duties.Methodology. Cases of injuries were analyzed in the staff of the FPS when performing occupational duties. Relative frequencies of injuries were calculated in the personnel of the FPS as follows: light damage (the number of days of temporary disability ≤ 3), moderate damage (the number of days of temporary disability from 4 to 30) and severe damage (the number of days of temporary disability more than 30, the onset of disability or death). Associations between injuries in the personnel of the FPS and the complexity of fires were assessed, including amount of the fire extinguishers used.Results and Discussion. It is proposed to allocate two levels of acceptable risk of injury for the personnel of the FPS when performing official duties: the maximum risk and acceptable risk. Estimates of acceptable and maximum risks of injury to personnel of the FPS were obtained using the relative index of the frequency of injuries to personnel: acceptable risk estimates R acceptable = (5 ± 1) • 10–5 and maximum risk estimates Rmaximum = (4,4 ± 0,3) • 10–4. It is proposed to use the values of acceptable risks of personal injury adjusted for the complexity of fires extinguished to assess the effectiveness of the OSHMS in fire protection units. Options for decision-making in the framework of the Occupational Safety and Health Management Systems, depending on the actual level of injury to personnel in the performance of official duties, are considered.Conclusion. The proposed model for assessing the effectiveness of the OSHMS is based on the planning of OSHMS activities depending on the degree of implementation of the OSHMS procedures and the risk of injury to the personnel of the FPS of EMERCOM of Russia in the performance of official activities.
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Batov, Vyacheslav E., Sergey M. Kuznetsov, and Stanislav I. Merkushev. "Aspects of the special assessment of working conditions of the medical personnel working with coronavirus patients." Russian Military Medical Academy Reports 39, no. 4 (December 15, 2020): 49–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/rmmar50954.
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RELEVANCE: The medical personnel of military medical organizations are put under unfavorable working conditions during their professional activity. These conditions increase the risk of developing work-related diseases, lead to deterioration in health and wellness, and decrease efficiency in the workplace. Physical and mental stress increase significantly during the pandemic especially for health care providers providing treatment for COVID-19.
AIM: To establish the correspondence between real working conditions and the results of the special assessment of working conditions for health care providers providing treatment for the new coronavirus infection.
RESULTS: The biological factor is the main cause of harm for all types of medical personnel, according to the study of the special assessment of working conditions of medical personnel in military-medical organizations cards in 20162019. Dealing with patients with the new coronavirus infection is in the 3.3 class of harmfulness, which grants the right to shorter work hours/work days to all medical personnel. However, working hours increase during a pandemic. Factors such as emotional stress and work schedules are not taken into account during the special assessment of working conditions. The negative impact of the use of personal protective equipment (e.g. anti-plague suits) during the entire shift has not been evaluated.
CONCLUSION: The analysis of the special assessment of working conditions of the medical personnel of the military medical organizations shows that the existing system for assessing working conditions does not fully reflect the actual working conditions of workers in present-day conditions, who work with patients who have COVID-19 (1 table, bibliography: 8 refs).
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Sims, Kristin, and Roger Stienecker. "Financial and Labor Benefits of the Individual TB Risk Assessment Model for Annual TB Screening." Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology 41, S1 (October 2020): s234. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/ice.2020.787.
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Background: Since 1991, US tuberculosis (TB) rates have declined, including among health care personnel (HCP). Non–US born persons accounted for approximately two-thirds of cases. Serial TB testing has limitations in populations at low risk; it is expensive and labor intensive. Method: We moved a large hospital system from facility-level risk stratification to an individual risk model to guide TB screening based on Tuberculosis Screening, Testing, and Treatment of US Health Care Personnel: Recommendations from the National Tuberculosis Controllers Association and CDC, 2019. This process included individual TB risk assessment, symptom evaluation, TB testing for M. tuberculosis infection (by either IGRA or TST) for HCP without documented evidence of prior LTBI or TB disease, with an additional workup for TB disease for HCP with positive test results or symptoms compatible with TB disease. In addition, employees with specific job codes deemed high risk were required to undergo TB screening. Result: In 2018, this hospital system of ~10,000 employees screened 7,556 HCP for TB at a cost of $348,625. In 2019, the cost of the T Spot test increased from $45 to $100 and the cost of screening 5,754 HCP through October 31, 2019, was $543,057. In 2020, it is anticipated that 755 HCP will be screened, saving the hospital an estimated minimum of $467,557. The labor burden associated with employee health personnel will fall from ~629.66 hours to 62.91 hours. The labor burden associated with pulling HCPs from the bedside to be screened will be reduced from 629.66 hours to 62.91 hours as well. Conclusion: Adoption of the individual risk assessment model for TB screening based on Tuberculosis Screening, Testing, and Treatment of US Health Care Personnel: Recommendations from the National Tuberculosis Controllers Association and CDC, 2019 will greatly reduce financial and labor burdens in healthcare settings when implemented.Funding: NoneDisclosures: None
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Grebenkov, S. V., V. E. Batov, and S. M. Kuznetsov. "Assessment of the working conditions of medical personnel in military medical organizations during the pandemic of new coronavirus infection." Medicо-Biological and Socio-Psychological Problems of Safety in Emergency Situations, no. 3 (September 10, 2021): 35–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.25016/2541-7487-2021-0-3-35-42.
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Relevance. During the pandemic of new coronavirus infection, healthcare professionals have increased occupational risks of exposure to the pathogen SARS-CoV-2, as well as physical and psychological stress, especially when treating Covid patients in “red zones”. Such a change in working conditions wasn’t reflected in the results of a special assessment, which requires the development of an individual scientifically based approach to its organization in conditions equated to emergency situations. Intention. Evaluate the results of a special assessment of working conditions and their compliance with actual working conditions, taking into account the health risks for healthcare professionals taking care of Covid patients.Methodology. We retrospectively conducted a comparative analysis of 295 cards for a special assessment of the working conditions of medical personnel of military medical organizations of therapeutic and infectious profile over 2015–2019, and 266 cards from the same organizations for 2020.Results and Discussion. Study of cards for special assessment of working conditions of medical personnel of military medical organizations for 2015–2020 showed the leading role of biological factors for all categories of medical personnel. Working in the “Red zone” should be assessed as 3.3 (Degree III harmful) based on biological hazard or 4 (dangerous) due to risks of acute occupational diseases and death. This should be reflected in the results of special assessment of working conditions and compensated via reduction of working hours. However, in the context of the pandemic, actual working hours of healthcare professionals exceeded the established 39 hours per week (Article 350 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation), and the medical personnel were allowed to work with the pathogen of Group II pathogenicity without preliminary medical examinations.Conclusion. Analysis of the results of special assessment of the working conditions of medical personnel showed that they do not reflect the actual harmful (dangerous) working conditions of employees involved in providing care to patients with new coronavirus infection in these medical and preventive institutions.
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Saldan, I. P., A. S. Nagornyak, B. A. Balandovich, Nikolay Yu Potseluev, A. A. Krasikov, N. Yu Tulin, and S. I. Kudryavskii. "HYGIENIC ASPECTS OF THE MEDICAL WORKER’S SAFETY AND THE PROBLEM OF THE EVALUATING PROFESSIONAL RISK." Hygiene and sanitation 98, no. 1 (March 27, 2019): 49–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.18821/0016-9900-2019-98-1-49-54.
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The article reflects methodological approaches to the construction of a priori models for assessing the occupational risk of medical workers in physiotherapeutic departments of sanatoriums under the influence of a complex of negative factors of the production environment. The authors carried out a comprehensive hygienic assessment of the occupational risk of medical personnel with the combined use of physiotherapeutic procedures in one of the sanatoria and resort institutions of the Altai Territory. The main objectives of the study were to measure physical, radiation and chemical factors in the work environment at workplaces of medical personnel and to calculate the degree of the occupational risk of workers in accordance with a priori risk assessment models. Based on the results of measurements of physical factors at workplaces of medical workers of physiotherapeutic departments, it is possible to conclude that complex harmful effects include inadequate levels of the air temperature in the work area, artificial illumination, air ionic composition of air and electromagnetic fields. The calculated risk was 0.0975, which corresponds to a moderate risk. The obtained results testify to the existence of a risk, the level of which cannot be neglected, despite the compliance of the level of impact with normative documents. The results of studies of the radiation factor at workplaces in the radon therapy department indicate the equivalent equilibrium radon volume activity to range from 25-109 Bq/m³,and the ambient dose equivalent of gamma radiation in the range of 0.15-0.18 μSv/h, which corresponds to hygienic standards. Therefore, the use of risk-oriented models seems reasonable even in working conditions that are not harmful or dangerous according to the criteria for a special assessment of working conditions. The leading role of electromagnetic radiation for this category of workers is proved in the course of calculations using risk-oriented models of professional risk assessment. It is proposed to develop measures to reduce the electromagnetic load, taking into account the medium and short-term outlook, with an annual review of the degree of occupational risk.
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Soloviev, Vladimir Yu, V. F. Demin, and V. I. Krasnyuk. "ALGORITHM OF DECISION-MAKING ON SOCIAL AND MEDICAL PROTECTION IN EMERGENCY SITUATION." Hygiene and sanitation 98, no. 1 (March 27, 2019): 11–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.18821/0016-9900-2019-98-1-11-16.
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The aim of the study. The development of decision-making algorithm for decisions on the social and medical protection of people in emergency situations based on risk analysis. Material and methods. The problems and conceptual provisions of risk assessment and decision-making, based on its results, are described concerning the social and medical protection of personnel of hazardous industries and the population in the event of an emergency situation (ES) in which the level of exposure to hazardous factors may exceed the established safety standards. The object of risk assessment and analysis are stochastic (probabilistic) effects of exposure to ES hazard factors. Their main features, which create complex problems in risk assessment and making decisions on protective measures, is the non-specific effects of the hazardous factors’ impact on human health and their possible latency. Results. The first step before decisions on the protective measures should be to identify a high-risk group among people affected by ES, based on the risk assessment. Three variants of decision-making for the high-risk group are considered: 1) financial compensation for risk, 2) medical measures for protecting health and 3) compensation for the realized damage to health. The requirements of the risk assessment methodology are formulated. Discussion. It is shown that the first option can not provide optimal and justified protection of the health and well-being of people in ES. Decisions on this protection are proposed to be based on a combination of options 2) and 3). The choice of the optimal combination depends on the specific situation and development of emergencies, on the success of implementing engineering and organizational protective measures aimed at preventing "doses" of exposure to people of hazardous factors of the emergency above the established safety limits and on the effectiveness and timeliness of medical protection. Conclusion. The choice of the option of making an effective decision on social and medical protection should be based on the detailed risk assessment from the exposure to hazardous factors, including risk assessment in economic indicators.
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Plavina, Liana, Natalija Vellere, and Silvija Umbrasko. "Influence of high physical load endurance exercises on the anthropometric parameters and health status of military personnel." SHS Web of Conferences 51 (2018): 02005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/shsconf/20185102005.
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Military personnel are in high-risk group for health disorders, musculoskeletal pathology and psychological overload. We provide evaluation of the anthropometric parameters and health status of military personnel, Cadets, who have participated in ten days duration Combat training course. Combat training course is associated with life-style change – social, environmental, climate and geographical conditions, biorhythms, nutrition etc., with an increase in physical and psych emotional loads. It is characterized with transition from daily routine of military study process in National Defence academy to military exercise in external environment. Cadets faced to feeding limitation, sleeping deprivation intensive and continuous training, strict discipline etc. We provided analysis of anthropometric parameters before, and in time of Combat training course, summarized data of health statement and health problems that were fixed in the medical cards. The proper body mass supports good health capacity and we provided assessment of it. Physical fitness and body composition have adverse effect on military performance. Body composition undergoes changes during higher physical load performance. Military personnel have high risk to health, concerning impact of external and internal factors. According the review of medical cards of cadets group, we indicated main problems, which are fixed after the Combat training course.
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Batov, V. E. "Assessment of the functional state of military medical personnel when using personal protective equipment during the СOVID-19 pandemic." Medicо-Biological and Socio-Psychological Problems of Safety in Emergency Situations, no. 1 (June 16, 2022): 82–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.25016/2541-7487-2022-0-1-82-88.
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Relevance. Personal protective equipment plays a leading role in reducing risks of infection and ensuring the safety of medical personnel during the COVID-19 pandemic. However, along with the positive “barrier” effect, personal protective equipment has a negative impact on human ergonomics, thus affecting the functional state and performance. Occupational activities of medical workers are often associated with complex, sometimes time-consuming operations; therefore, decreased functional state when using personal protective equipment can lead to errors and increase the health risks in both staff and patients. Intention is to develop the main directions of preserving occupational performance of medical personnel when using personal protective equipment based on the study of the functional state. Methodology. A sociological survey of 339 medical workers of the “red zone” of military medical organizations was conducted using an original questionnaire. Ergonomic indicators of personal protective equipment were assessed along with its negative influence. Results and Discussion. All the survey participants mentioned negative impact on the functional state and performance when using personal protective equipment. The most frequent complaints included discomfort due to fogging of protective glasses (83 %), as well as damage to the skin from eye protection (82 %), respiratory protection (69 %), skin protection (suit, overalls) (38 %). According to the survey, headaches were statistically significantly associated with wearing personal protective equipment for more than 6 hours per shift (OR 1.66; 95 % CI: 1.07-2.56; p = 0.02), the age over 35 years (OR 2.44; 95 % CI: 1.49-4.00; p = 0.001), body mass index above 25 (OR 1.98; 95 % CI: 1.24-3.15; p = 0.003), overheating of the body (OR 2.27; 95 % CI: 1.41-3.66; p = 0.001). Conclusion. The use of personal protective equipment when providing care to COVID-19 patients has a negative impact on the functional state and reduces the efficiency of medical personnel. Based on the results of the research, the main directions of preventive measures have been developed: selection of high-quality protective equipment, taking into account the anthropometric indicators of employees; ensuring optimal work and rest modes (no more than 4 hours of continuous work in personal protective equipment), monitoring and correction of the functional state of personnel at risk.
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Dehdashti, Alireza. "P.1.09 Risk assessment of exposure to formaldehyde in university laboratories." Occupational and Environmental Medicine 76, Suppl 1 (April 2019): A80.1—A80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/oem-2019-epi.215.
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ObjectiveFormaldehyde is a commonly used chemical in laboratories and has been regarded as a potential hazard to health. Researchers and students who work in medical laboratories have potentially a higher risk of exposure to Formaldehyde. The aim of this study was to determine the risk of exposure to formaldehyde and its health effects in laboratories.MethodsIn a cross-sectional survey air samples were collected with charcoal tubes from 23 anatomy, pathology and histopathology laboratories. Personal and time weighted exposures of 102 samples were sampled and analyzed using OSHA method. A questionnaire was distributed to 83 participants engaged in laboratory activities to examine the adverse health effects of formaldehyde.ResultsOverall, 92.3% of the personal exposure levels were higher than the occupational exposure limit. The area concentrations ranged between 0.234 ppm and 3.45 ppm (mean=1.43 ppm, SD=0.45). Individual exposure levels in respiratory zone ranged 0.219 ppm and 1.96 ppm (mean=0.573 ppm, SD=0.39). The risk of Formaldehyde exposure levels were higher for researchers and technicians compared to students with a factor of two or three. Participants with a duration of exposure more than 2 years had an increased risk of health symptoms (Hazard ratio=1.4; Confidence Interval=0.8–3.7). Laboratory personnel reported physical fatigue (39.1%), headache (32.7%), breathing problems (21.1%), noise irritation (17.4%), and eye irritation (14.9%).ConclusionThe concentration levels of Formaldehyde vapor in laboratory indoor air were higher compared to individual exposure levels. Work in laboratories is associated with exposure levels exceeding the recommended exposure limit and an increased risk of health complaints. Preventive measures are required to reduce the emission of airborne formaldehyde and prevalent health-related symptoms in academic medical laboratories.
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Anishchenko, E. B., L. V. Trankovskaya, A. A. Vazhenina, and I. R. Miroshnichenko. "Hygienic assessment of the tension of the labor process and emotional state of the teaching staff of a medical university." Sanitarnyj vrač (Sanitary Doctor), no. 10 (October 1, 2020): 18–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.33920/med-08-2010-02.
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The medical condition of the higher-education teaching personnel of the university is reflected in the quality of the educational process in the educational institution and, as a consequence, in the formation of professional competencies of future graduates. It is known that workers in the fields of education and health care more than others are subject to stress, physical inactivity and, as a result, professional (emotional) burnout. The present study is devoted to the study of the state of health, activity, mood, professional (emotional) burnout of the teaching staff of a medical university, assessment of the intensity of their work process, professional risk. The study of well-being, activity, mood, professional (emotional) burnout was carried out using a questionnaire survey using well-known methods. The assessment of the intensity of the labor process was carried out in accordance with the Guidelines for the assessment of occupational health risks for workers. The assessment of occupational risk categories was carried out in accordance with the Guidelines for Assessing Occupational Risk for Workers' Health, as well as using a matrix of consequences and probabilities according to GOST Risk Management. Risk assessment technologies. It was found that the working conditions of the teaching staff of a medical university are tense 2 degrees. Evaluation of the functional emotional state showed that the teaching staff of a medical university has moderate emotional burnout, against the background of a high level of psychoemotional exhaustion. Indicators of well-being and mood have high (favorable) levels, while the activity indicator, on the contrary, has a low (unfavorable) value, presumably against the background of increasing employee fatigue. The occupational health risk of employees is medium (significant), the risk class according to the severity of the possible consequences of identified hazardous events is medium (T3), the probability of the consequences of a hazardous event is high (B4), the risk class is medium (C12).
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Bobrov, A. F. "Prevention of technological emergency situations: information technology to develop criteria for anthropogenic risks estimation." Medicо-Biological and Socio-Psychological Problems of Safety in Emergency Situations, no. 2 (June 22, 2019): 5–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.25016/2541-7487-2019-0-2-05-16.
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Relevance. An analysis of the saturation of potentially dangerous objects in the technogenic sphere shows constant increase in the number and severity of the consequences of manmade disasters. The possibilities of countering threats in the technogenic sphere were limited, mainly due to the human factor. Therefore, the assessment and management of anthropogenic risks is one of the main measures to prevent manmade emergencies. In enterprises with potentially hazardous technologies, this problem is solved mainly by improving the safety culture at work. The lack of scientific research on the development of criteria for assessing anthropogenic risks makes it difficult to solve important practical tasks for ranking hazardous industries according to their anthropogenic hazard, the distribution of forces and facilities of the Emercom, taking into account the most likely place of occurrence of manmade disaster, improving medical and physiological support of personnel of hazardous facilities and industries.Intention. Development of information technology for the quantitative assessment of anthropogenic risks for personnel at hazardous facilities and industries.Methodology. The object of the study was the literature data on existing approaches to risk assessment in applied scientific research. The subject of the research is information technology for developing criteria for assessing anthropogenic risks.Results and discussion. Based on the analysis of literature data, the definition of the concept “anthropogenic risk” and the conceptual model of its quantitative assessment are given. An information technology for human risk assessment has been developed, which includes the following steps: 1) selection of the basic components of anthropogenic risk 2) determination of the values of the basic components; 3) expert assessment of the likelihood of risk realization with the established value of the basic components; 4) assessment using the risk matrix of the level of anthropogenic risk of the basic components; 5) an assessment of the social acceptability of anthropogenic risk for the basic components; 6) calculation of the weighted average anthropogenic risk; 7) the decision on the level of human risk. The methods of implementing information technology are described. An example of using the developed information technology to assess the anthropogenic risk of nuclear power plant personnel is given. Professional competence, professional success and professional health of an employee were used as a component of anthropogenic risk.Conclusion. Anthropogenic risk is a quantitative characteristic of the threat to the security of an enterprise from an employee’s professional activities due to the incompatibility of his medical and psychophysiological characteristics with the requirements of professional activity and the anthropogenic vulnerability of equipment and technological processes. Reducing anthropogenic risks is a prerequisite for improving the safety of enterprises with potentially dangerous technologies. The proposed information technology, assessment criteria and classification of levels of human risk can be used in developing a risk management system in order to minimize them.
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Malkova, Natalia Yu, T. B. Baltrukova, O. I. Ivanova, and M. D. Petrova. "HYGIENIC ASSESSMENT OF X-RAY AND LASER RADIATION AT SURGEONS’ WORKPLACES." Hygiene and sanitation 98, no. 6 (October 28, 2019): 636–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.18821/0016-9900-2019-98-6-636-641.
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Introduction. Modern surgery is a complex, multifaceted area of medicine that plays an important role in the struggle for health, working capacity and human life. In recent years, in surgery, much attention has been paid to the improvement and development of new surgical equipment, including that based on ionizing and non-ionizing radiation, its application range being widened, which allows patients being provided with high-tech and less traumatic procedures. However, the use of such equipment resulted in the appearance of new adverse occupational factors of ionizing and non-ionizing nature at the workplaces of surgical team members, which can have a negative effect on the personnel. Material and methods. Data of x-ray and laser radiation level studies at the workplaces of medical personnel in modern operating rooms are reported. Results. Total normalized power of the effective x-ray dose during the use of x-ray surgical unit at the workplaces of surgical teams in most cases was revealed not to exceed allowable dose rate, while in the process of certain procedures, such as vessel embolization, it can exceed allowable levels. The total annual effective radiation exposure dose of x-ray surgery teams depends on the number of performed operations, their type, complexity, and can exceed a basic radiation dose limit for A and B group personnel. The intensity of diffusely reflected laser radiation at workplaces of surgeons can significantly exceed maximum allowable levels, sometimes up to 600 times. Discussion. Considering an ever-gaining use of high-tech equipment generating laser and X-ray radiation and increasing number of exposed medical personnel, hygienic assessment of these radiation levels at workplaces of surgical team members and development of measures to improve working conditions is an important issue for maintaining workers’ health. Conclusion. To assess the occupational risk degree to the health of surgeons it is necessary to conduct in-depth studies of their health status.
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Tkachenko, T. G., A. V. Dmitriev, R. A. Gudkov, and N. V. Fedina. "Assessment of the State of Anti-Measles Immunity in Medicine Personnel of a Children's Hospital." Epidemiology and Vaccinal Prevention 20, no. 4 (September 4, 2021): 73–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.31631/2073-3046-2021-20-4-73-78.
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Relevance The epidemiological disadvantage of measles in developed countries reflects the weakening of herd immunity and is caused, first of all, a change in society's attitude to vaccine prevention and the risks of infectious diseases, which requires a revision of the prevention strategyAim: assessment of measles immunity in employees of the regional multidisciplinary children's hospital.Materials & Methods. 365 employees were examined at the same time in 2019 on the basis of the regional children's hospital. Investigation of the intensity of immunity to measles by ELISA using the VectoKor-IgG test system (Vector-Best, Russia). The surveyed were divided into 4 age groups (20–29, 30–39, 40–49 and 50 years and older). Statistical processing was carried out using the χ2 test and Spearman's rank correlation.Results. 63% of the examined had a protective titer of antibodies. The least protected were medical workers under the age of 40, especially up to 30 years old, with a share of immune persons of 30%. In older age groups, the proportion of seropositive persons was 80.9%. The age of the employees and the levels of measles immunity were highly correlated (r = 0.72). There was no statistically significant effect on the state of measles immunity of professional status, the presence of documentary evidence of vaccination.Conclusions. Thus, the results of the conducted study indicate a high epidemiological risk of measles in medical institutions and when applying to them. The worst indicators of protective immunity were found among young employees. It is advisable to continue serological monitoring in medical institutions, organized vaccination of seronegative individuals, as well as conduct cooperative research
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Kovacevic, Vladan, Marko Milosavljevic, Nemanja Rancic, and Dragana Dakovic. "Assessment of the periodontal health and community periodontal index in the army of Serbia." Vojnosanitetski pregled 72, no. 11 (2015): 953–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/vsp140812105k.
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Background/Aim. Promotion of oral health in military population is not only a significant component of general health, but also of the military readiness and represents the strategic orientation of each country. The basic task of military dentistry is to provide oral health of military personnel and to enable their operational readiness at the optimal level. The aim of the study was to assess the periodontal condition in Serbian military population using the community periodontal index of treatment needs (CPITN), and the influence of general life habits and local risk factors on periodontal health. Methods. This prospective cross-sectional pilot study was conducted on 101 examinees at the mean age of 38.94 ? 11.63 years who had dental check-ups at the Dental Clinic of the Military Medical Academy in Belgrade. All the categories of military personnel aged 20-64 years were divided into five groups. The frequency distribution of general and local factors on periodontal health, oral hygiene index, and the assessment of the mean number of sextants by CPITN compared to age were examined. Results. The examinees at the age of 51-60 years had the best oral hygiene index (0.95 ? 0.65), whereas the oldest population had the worst (1.63 ? 0.42). Only one person (5.6%) at the age group of 51-60 years had a completely healthy periodontium. Observed in relation to the age groups, the mean values of sextants increased linearly, but in general population, the most frequent CPITN categories were in sextant with the periodontal pockets 4-5 mm (score 3). Conclusions. Compared to the results from other countries shown by the World Health Organization, the periodontal condition in our examinees is below the average. The appropriate preventive program preparation and its implementation are needed, including primarily the appropriate training on oral hygiene, as well as education based on periodontal disease prevention and treatment.
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Kharin, V. V., E. V. Bobrinev, E. Yu Udavtsova, A. A. Kondashov, and T. A. Shavyrina. "Assessment of occupational risks and severity of health disorders in the divisions of the Federal Fire Service of EMERCOM of Russia." Medicо-Biological and Socio-Psychological Problems of Safety in Emergency Situations, no. 2 (June 2, 2021): 62–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.25016/2541-7487-2021-0-2-62-69.
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Relevance. Currently, a significant number of approaches to the assessment of occupational risks as a result of exposure to harmful and dangerous factors of industrial activity are presented in the scientific, regulatory and legal literature. To assess occupational risks for the personnel of fire protection, risks of injury, morbidity, disability and mortality are calculated. However, no single method exists for calculating the integral index for final assessment of occupational health risk in personnel of Federal Fire Service (FFS) of EMERCOM of Russia.Intention: To develop a mathematical model for assessing occupational risks for fire protection units including workdays lost related to health disorders severity.Methodology. When developing a mathematical model for assessing occupational risks for the FPS of EMERCOM of Russia including workdays lost related to health disorders severity, risks to health and life of employees were directly assessed based on the following statistics (2015–2019): a) probability of hazardous situations; and b) the amount of health damage expressed as workdays lost. Coefficients of the health damage severity in the mathematical model are justified. For assessing rare occupational risks as well as in small groups, the continuity correction is proposed for injury and death risks.Results and Discussion. Various methods of assessing occupational risks for industrial activity are considered. The mathematical model for occupational risk assessment in the divisions of the FPS of EMERCOM of Russia based on workdays lost related to health disorders severity helps predict occupational risks to life and health. Occupational risks are calculated in terms of workdays lost related to health damage severity for employees of the FPS of EMERCOM of Russia for 2015–2019.Conclusion. Based on the mathematical model of occupational risks for the FPS of EMERCOM of Russia including workdays lost related to health disorders severity, specific occupational risks can be predicted for every specific workplace (position) in various regions of the Russian Federation.
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Wańkowicz, Paweł, Aleksandra Szylińska, and Iwona Rotter. "Assessment of Mental Health Factors among Health Professionals Depending on Their Contact with COVID-19 Patients." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 16 (August 12, 2020): 5849. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17165849.
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It seems that the medical personnel in contact with patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 are at an especially high risk of adverse psychological effects. Therefore, the aim of this study was to assess the mental health factors among healthcare workers by quantifying the severity of anxiety, depression, and sleep disorders during the current SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, while taking into account coexisting diseases. The study involved 441 healthcare professionals including 206 healthcare workers at emergency wards, infectious wards, and intensive care units. The control group consisted of 235 healthcare workers working in wards other than those where individuals from the study group worked. Regression adjusted by age, gender, the occurrence of hypertension, diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemia, asthma, autoimmune diseases, and cigarette smoking showed the elevated risk of anxiety on the Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD-7) scale (OR = 1.934; p < 0.001), depression on the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) scale (OR = 2.623; p < 0.001), and sleep disorders on the Insomnia Severity Index (ISI) scale (OR = 3.078; p < 0.001). Our study showed that healthcare workers who are exposed to SARS-CoV-2-infected patients at emergency wards, infectious wards, and intensive care units are at a much higher risk of showing symptoms of anxiety, depression, and sleep disorders than healthcare workers working in other wards.
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Teo, A. "Suicide risk assessment and prevention interventions in military veterans." European Psychiatry 33, S1 (March 2016): S605. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eurpsy.2016.01.2265.
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IntroductionConcerns over suicide among military veterans has been as issue of major public and policy concern, particularly by the Veterans Health Administration (VHA), which is the largest integrated health care system in the United States.Objectives and aimsThe reasons for suicide risk and means to reduce risk in this population have been under active investigation and implementation. The aim of this presentation is to review recent trends in suicide risk assessment and suicide prevention interventions within the VHA in the United States.MethodsA literature review consisting of an electronic database search of PubMed, “gray literature” search, and manual search for articles related to suicide in military personnel and veterans was conducted.ResultsIn recent years, annual VHA rates of completed suicide have ranged from approximately 34 to 40 suicides per 100,000 person-years, rates significantly higher than the general US population. Risk assessment methods examined in military veteran populations have primarily included self-report instruments, scales, and checklists. Recently, “big data” approaches to analysis of electronic medical records have shown promise in stratifying veterans into high- and low-risk groups. VHA suicide prevention initiatives have included extensive staff hiring, development of research centers and data-sharing agreements focused on suicide, a national telephone crisis line, routine suicide risk assessment and screening, and suicide safety plans.ConclusionsMilitary veterans in the US receiving care in the VHA have a variety of risk factors for suicide and continue to be at elevated risk despite implementation of numerous suicide prevention initiatives.Disclosure of interestThe author has not supplied his declaration of competing interest.
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Akkajit, Pensiri, Husna Romin, Mongkolchai Assawadithalerd, and Issam A. Al-Khatib. "Assessment of Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice in respect of Medical Waste Management among Healthcare Workers in Clinics." Journal of Environmental and Public Health 2020 (September 28, 2020): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/8745472.
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Medical waste represents a significant health risk and an environmental pollution concern due to its hazardous characteristics. The knowledge and practice of healthcare personnel in respect of the disposal of medical waste is essential to perform effective medical waste management. Therefore, the aim of this study was to assess the knowledge, attitudes, and practices related to medical waste management among healthcare workers in clinics (medical and dental clinics, specialized medical, laboratory clinics, polyclinics, and midwifery clinics) in Phuket, Thailand. A cross-sectional study was designed with stratified-random sampling used to select the sample of 344 respondents from 172 clinics of which data were collected using face-to-face interviews. The results showed that the majority of respondents (87.2%) were female of whom 36.9% were aged (20–29), 52.0% had more than 5 years working experience, and 51.2% had participated in at least one training course regarding medical waste management. The overall scores for knowledge, attitude, and practice were at a high level (89.5%, 91.9%, and 92.2%, respectively). Significant and positive correlations were found between knowledge and attitude (r = 0.464), knowledge and practice (r = 0.396), and practice and attitude (r = 0.519). Statistical analysis using t tests and one-way analysis of variance showed that working experience and its duration were significant factors influencing good medical waste management practice. However, local authorities should implement a well-planned collection and transfer process for medical waste in order to reduce the risk of environmental pollution and the risk of infection or injury to healthcare workers and the general public.
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Barsoumian, Alice E., Steffanie L. Solberg, Ashley S. Hanhurst, Amanda L. Roth, Tamara S. Funari, Maria Cristina E. Cruz-Fehr, Helen Crouch, Christopher Florez, and Clinton K. Murray. "Status Update on Infection Prevention and Control at Deployed Medical Treatment Facilities." Military Medicine 185, no. 3-4 (November 4, 2019): 451–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/milmed/usz359.
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Abstract Introduction Infections with multidrug resistant organisms that spread through nosocomial transmission complicate the care of combat casualties. Missions conducted to review infection prevention and control (IPC) practices at deployed medical treatment facilities (MTFs) previously showed gaps in best practices and saw success with targeted interventions. An IPC review has not been conducted since 2012. Recently, an IPC review was requested in response to an outbreak of multidrug resistant organisms at a deployed facility. Materials and Methods A Joint Service team conducted onsite IPC reviews of MTFs in the U.S. Central Command area of operations. Self-assessments were completed by MTF personnel in anticipation of the onsite assessment, and feedback was given individually and at monthly IPC working group teleconferences. Goals of the onsite review were to assist MTF teams in conducting assessments, review practices for challenges and successes, provide on the spot education or risk mitigation, and identify common trends requiring system-wide action. Results Nine deployed MTFs participated in the onsite assessments, including four Role 3, three Role 2 capable of surgical support, and two Role 1 facilities. Seventy-eight percent of sites had assigned IPC officers although only 43% underwent required predeployment training. Hand hygiene and healthcare associated infection prevention bundles were monitored at 67% and 29% of MTFs, respectively. Several challenges including variability in practices with turnover of deployed teams were noted. Successes highlighted included individual team improvements in healthcare associated infections and mentorship of untrained personnel. Conclusions Despite successes, ongoing challenges with optimal deployed IPC were noted. Recommendations for improvement include strengthening IPC culture, accountability, predeployment training, and stateside support for deployed IPC assets. Variability in IPC practices may occur from rotation to rotation, and regular reassessment is required to ensure that successes are sustained through times of turnover.
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Rotar, O. P., A. V. Orlov, M. A. Boyarinova, V. N. Solntsev, A. A. Tanicheva, Yu V. Sviryaev, A. O. Konradi, and E. V. Shlyakhto. "ASSESSMENT OF HEALTHY LIFESTYLE COMPLIANCE AMONG PRIVATE-PRACTICE DOCTORS AND STUDENTS (MEDICAL STUDENTS, INTERNS AND CLINICAL RESIDENTS)." Scientific Notes of the I. P. Pavlov St. Petersburg State Medical University 25, no. 3 (December 25, 2018): 73–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.24884/1607-4181-2018-25-3-73-79.
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Introduction.The role of healthy lifestyles in the prevention of chronic non-communicable diseases is very important. Lifestyle of medical personnel, especially future doctors, may have great influence on healthy lifestyle compliance of patients. The objective of our study was to compare the prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors among doctors and students of medical educational institutions who underwent screening during The Russian Congress of Cardiology in 2016.Material and methods.During the Russian National Congress of Cardiology (Ekaterinburg, 20-23 September 2016), the participants were screened for the presence of cardiovascular risk factors. Participants filled out the questionnaire on the social status, nutrition, physical activity, smoking status, frequency of alcohol consumption, therapy. Anthropometry was performed in accordance with standard procedures. Blood pressure (BP) was measured on the right hand in a sitting position after a 5-minute rest with the automatic tonometer OMRON (Japan). The level of cholesterol and blood glucose was measured by express method using EasyTouch® GCHb (Taiwan).Results.The screening included 535 participants aged 18-78 years, the majority of whom (80 %) were women. There were 193 students, 342 doctors. Compared with students, doctors were significantly more likely to have sufficient intake of vegetables, fruits (50 vs 70 %) and fish (76 vs 88%), p<0.05, and comparable levels of salt overtaking (39 vs 34 %) and hypodynamia (35% in both groups). Only 10% of students and 7% of doctors smoked. The expected increase in the prevalence of biological risk factors in accordance with the age was significantly more common in doctors: hypercholesterolemia (63 vs 30 %), hyperglycemia (25 vs 14 %), hypertension (36 vs 5 %), obesity (according to WC – 45 vs 10 %, according to BMI – 19 vs 6 %), p<0.05. The profile of the most common risk factors did not differ among doctors and students: hypercholesterolemia and overweight in both groups took the leading positions. Also in accordance with the age, there were more often complaints of snoring-24% in doctors and 7% in students.Conclusion. The students had a less favorable profile of behavioral factors in diet compared to doctors, and despite of the expected age differences, a high prevalence of hypercholesterolemia and overweight was revealed. Obviously, it is necessary to strengthen educational work in this area at the stage of training of nurses and doctors to preserve the health of both medical personnel and their patients.
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Kuzmina, S., K. Yakhin, and Z. Berkheeva. "Assessment the Probability of Formation Burnout Syndrome Among Health Care Workers." European Psychiatry 41, S1 (April 2017): S729—S730. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eurpsy.2017.01.1332.
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AimStudy of psychosocial risk factors in the formation of burnout syndrome.Material and methodBased on a questionnaire developed by WHO experts for the European model of “health management, environment and security in the workplace”, conducted surveys 246 health care workers. Individual attention was paid to health, physical activity and nutrition.ResultsSurvey conducted of the medical personnel showed high prevalence among them psychophysical, social and psychological, behavioral symptoms that allows to think of high probability of formation of a syndrome of professional burning out. Part of medical workers who have one complaint in each group of symptoms (psychophysiological, sociological-psychological, behavioral) – 18,7%. Part of HCW with two and more complaints in each group – 39% (Table 1). Prevalence of psychophysiological, sociological and psychological, behavioral symptoms among health care emergency workers is different (Table 2).Table 1City n = 78 (%)Countryside n = 168 (%)Chi2PTotal n = 246Complaint in each group of symptoms16 (20.5)30 (17.9)0.010.96336 (18.7)Two complaints in each group of symptoms32 (41.0)64 (38.1)0.010.98296 (39.0)Three complaints in each group of symptoms18 (23.1)26 (15.5)0.40.54944 (17.9)Table 2City n = 70 (%)Countryside n = 150 (%)Chi2PTotal n = 220Two and more of psychophysiological spts26 (37.1)12 (8)7.80.00538 (17.3)Two and more of sociological and psychological spts8 (11.4)24 (16)0.10.79332 (14.5)Two and more of behavioral spts10 (14.3)10 (6.7)0.70.41420 (9.1)Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
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Snyders, Rachael, Hilary Babcock, and Christopher Blank. "Verification of Healthcare Personnel Immunity as a Strategy for Measles Preparedness." Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology 41, S1 (October 2020): s431—s432. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/ice.2020.1093.
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Background: Immunization resistance is fueling a resurgence of vaccine-preventable diseases in the United States, where several large measles outbreaks and 1,282 measles cases were reported in 2019. Concern about these measles outbreaks prompted a large healthcare organization to develop a preparedness plan to limit healthcare-associated transmission. Verification of employee rubeola immunity and immunization when necessary was prioritized because of transmission risk to nonimmune employees and role of the healthcare personnel in responding to measles cases. Methods: The organization employs ∼31,000 people in diverse settings. A multidisciplinary team was formed by infection prevention, infectious diseases, occupational health, and nursing departments to develop the preparedness plan. Immunity was monitored using a centralized database. Employees without evidence of immunity were asked to provide proof of vaccination, defined by the CDC as 2 appropriately timed doses of rubeola-containing vaccine, or laboratory confirmation of immunity. Employees were given 30 days to provide documentation or to obtain a titer at the organization’s expense. Staff with negative titers were given 2 weeks to coordinate with the occupational heath department for vaccination. Requests for medical or religious accommodations were evaluated by occupational heath staff, the occupational heath medical director, and the human resources department. All employees were included, though patient-interfacing employees in departments considered higher risk were prioritized. These areas were the emergency, dermatology, infectious diseases, labor and delivery, obstetrics, and pediatrics departments. Results: At the onset of the initiative in June 2019, 4,009 employees lacked evidence of immunity. As of November 2019, evidence of immunity had been obtained for 3,709 employees (92.5%): serological evidence of immunity was obtained for 2,856 (71.2%), vaccine was administered to 584 (14.6%), and evidence of previous vaccination was provided by 269 (6.7%). Evidence of immunity has not been documented for 300 (7.5%). The organization administered 3,626 serological tests and provided 997 vaccines, costing ∼$132,000. Disposition by serological testing is summarized in Table 1. Conclusions: A measles preparedness strategy should include proactive assessment of employees’ immune status. It is possible to expediently assess a large number of employees using a multidisciplinary team with access to a centralized database. Consideration may be given to prioritization of high-risk departments and patient-interfacing roles to manage workload.Funding: NoneDisclosures: None
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Bentley, Melissa A., and Roger Levine. "A National Assessment of the Health and Safety of Emergency Medical Services Professionals." Prehospital and Disaster Medicine 31, S1 (November 28, 2016): S96—S104. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1049023x16001102.
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AbstractObjectivesThe objectives were to assess changes in (1) health and physical fitness, (2) the prevalence of selected health problems, (3) risk behaviors, (4) ambulance safety issues, and (5) the preparedness of Emergency Medical Services (EMS) professionals. In addition, the incidence of patient-initiated violence directed toward EMS personnel and associated factors were assessed.MethodsData were obtained from a sample of nationally certified EMS professionals via annual questionnaires between 1999 and 2008. Stratification was based upon national certification level, self-reported race, and experience level. Weighted percentages, averages for continuous variables, and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated. Significant changes over time were noted by lack of CI overlap.ResultsThe proportion reporting “excellent” health declined significantly from 1999 (38.5%) to 2008 (32.2%). High rates of sleeping problems (20%-27%), back problems (20%-24%), and hearing problems (7%-10%) were reported as having occurred in the past year. These rates remained constant over time. As a result of sleepiness, 8.0% of nationally certified EMS professionals reported difficulty in driving an emergency vehicle for short distances and 17.5% reported difficulty in driving long distances. The proportion of daily tobacco smokers significantly declined from over one-third (35.3%) to about one-fifth (20.3%). The proportion of providers who had ever been involved in an ambulance crash increased slightly from 2004 (14.5%) to 2008 (15.8%). In 2000, the majority of EMS professionals reported that they and/or their partner had been assaulted by a patient. Finally, there was a significant decrease in the amount of training time devoted to the recognition of biological, chemical, and nuclear (BCN) threats, use of personal protective equipment (PPE), and treatment and management of patients exposed to BCN from an average from 8.4 hours in 2003 to 6.2 hours in 2008.ConclusionsThe overall health and physical fitness of EMS professionals as well as their health problems, risk behaviors, ambulance safety, and patient-initiated violence in the prehospital emergency setting are areas of concern for the nation’s emergency medical system. The prevalence of these problems and overall health and physical fitness has shown little or no improvement from 1999 to 2008.BentleyMA, LevineR. A national assessment of the health and safety of Emergency Medical Services professionals. Prehosp Disaster Med. 2016;31(Suppl. 1):s96–s104.
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Osei, Ernest, Faiza Nuru, and Michael Moore. "ASSESSMENT OF OCCUPATIONAL RADIATION DOSES OF MEDICAL RADIATION WORKERS IN TWO COMMUNITY HOSPITALS." Radiation Protection Dosimetry 192, no. 1 (October 2020): 41–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/rpd/ncaa190.
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Abstract The International Commission on Radiological Protection recommends the adoption of the linear, no-threshold model as a predictive risk model for radiation protection purposes since the relationship between low-dose radiation exposure and cancer risk is unclear. Medical radiation workers are subject to occupational exposures and differences in workload, area of work and types of exposure can lead to variations in exposures between different occupational groups. We investigated the occupational exposures of 572 workers from four departments in two community hospitals and stratified into 22 occupational groups in order to identify groups with the highest radiation exposure. The occupational doses from 2015 to 2019 were analyzed to identify the dose distribution of each occupational group, total number of monitored workers, annual and collective deep (Hp(10)), eye (Hp(3)) and shallow (Hp(0.07)) doses. We further determined the individual and occupational group lifetime doses as well as the probability that monitored workers’ lifetime doses will exceed a specified lifetime dose level. The occupational groups with the highest radiation exposures were the nuclear medicine technologists, diagnostic imaging radiologists and diagnostic cardiologists. Although our data suggest that occupational doses reported are low, it is essential that exposure of occupationally exposed personnel are always kept as low as reasonably achievable with an effective radiation protection program.
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Villarreal, B., S. Foster, S. Hansen, M. Brock, H. Sanchez, K. Gerwell, F. Carrizales, A. Peterson, K. Pruiksma, and V. Mysliwiec. "0860 Sleep Disorders In Female Military Personnel." Sleep 43, Supplement_1 (April 2020): A327—A328. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/sleep/zsaa056.856.
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Abstract Introduction Sleep is an essential biological function and the disruption of sleep has deleterious consequences. Military personnel experience unique stressors related to their service, elevating the risk of developing sleep disorders. The etiologies and impact of sleep disorders on military women’s health is poorly understood. This study is the first to prospectively assess whether military women with insomnia, obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), or comorbid insomnia and OSA (COMISA) have different gender roles, military service-associated factors, and biological characteristics than military men with the same disorders. Methods This is a prospective observational study of military personnel with sleep disturbances. The study will evaluate women and men matched for sleep disorder. Participants will complete an evaluation to include polysomnography (PSG), sleep questionnaires and validated clinical assessments of associated disorders of interest. The baseline demographics, questionnaire, and PSG results will be analyzed to assess for commonalities or differences between genders. Results We have enrolled 45 patients (24% female). Males had a higher BMI (29.1) than females (26). Males were also older (38) than females (35). The leading diagnosis in males was OSA (44%) and insomnia in females (64%). In males, the apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) was 11.3/hr, arousal index (ARI) was 20/hr, and sleep efficiency (SE) was 86.5%. Total sleep time (TST), wake after sleep onset (WASO), and sleep onset latency (SOL) were 364.6, 40.9, and 12.6 minutes, respectively. In females, the average AHI was 6.6/hr, ARI was 15/hr, and SE was 87.2%. Their TST, WASO, and SOL were 359, 44, and 12.6 minutes, respectively. Conclusion Military personnel are at increased risk of sleep disorders. Literature comparing male and female characteristics and sleep disorders is scarce. In this study, baseline demographics were similar in both groups but insomnia was the leading diagnosis for women. This emphasizes the importance of adequate recognition and treatment of insomnia in this group. Support This study is supported by the Defense Health Agency, Defense Medical Research and Development Program, Clinical Research Intramural Initiative for Military Women’s Health.
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Maupin, Genny M., Anthony P. Tvaryanas, Edward D. White, and Heather J. Mahaney. "Assessment of Deployment-Related Exposures on Risk of Incident Mental Health Diagnoses Among Air Force Medical Service Personnel: Nested Case–Control Study." Military Medicine 183, no. 3-4 (December 28, 2017): e123-e132. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/milmed/usx056.
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Popsuyko, A. N., Ya V. Danilchenko, E. A. Batsina, M. K. Trauter, S. A. Makarov, and G. V. Artamonova. "The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the activities of health care personnel." Complex Issues of Cardiovascular Diseases 11, no. 2 (June 26, 2022): 162–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.17802/2306-1278-2022-11-2-162-173.
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Highlights. In order to provide medical care to COVID-19 patients, medical workers had to work in conditions of extreme stress. The management systems adapted to such challenges contribute to the creation of more stable and organized structures that require substantial study concerning the medical personnel effectiveness and satisfaction of the job, taking into account the sphere of medical care.Aim. To examine the impact of the pandemic on the staff activities in the sphere of cardiology.Methods. The object of the study is medical organization personnel. The subject of the study is the GBUZ “KKKD” personnel opinion. The study periods are 2012 and 2021. Rating questions were coded with a five-point Likert scale. The mean value and standard deviation (M±SD), Pearson Chi-square, p (%) were calculated. The critical level of statistical significance was taken as p≤0.05.Results. The study showed a significant increase in high estimates of the staff performance both at the unit and organization where the respondent worked. The high subjective ratings are confirmed by the objective data of GBUZ “KKKD” activity in 2021. However, the pandemic situation reflected on the personnel perception of their productivity: there is an increase of high productivity positive assessment both in a structural division and in the whole organization. 2021 survey revealed the conditions caused by the COVID-19 pandemic which affected the performance of the staff. Among the most significant ones are the following: the lack of necessary reagents, worsening of financial and living conditions, epidemiological restrictions, the lack of actions and orders coordination, heavy workload, fatigue and burnout, the reduction of salary, irresponsibility of patients and their removal to different departments, bureaucracy, the lack of information and staff interaction. The study also showed an increase in the proportion of respondents' answers regarding the inability to work more efficiently from 21.6% in 2012 to 29.4% in 2021, which may be caused by the work stress and the special working conditions during the COVID-19 pandemic. All the reasons why it was impossible to work efficiently during the pandemic were divided into three groups: managerial, personal and clinical-organizational.Conclusion. The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on staff performance is evident judging by the evaluation dynamics in two sociological studies. The prior factors of performance improvement and staff satisfaction include: expansion of social benefits, favorable moral-psychological climate and working conditions. The study shows that in order to achieve the main goals of medical organization in the conditions of insurmountable risk the personnel have a significant role in making organizational decisions.
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Pļaviņa, Liana, Natalija Vellere, and Silvija Umbraško. "Assessment of body composition and the anthropometric parameters of the military personnel during high physical load exercises." Papers on Anthropology 26, no. 1 (July 4, 2017): 41. http://dx.doi.org/10.12697/poa.2017.26.1.03.
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Military activities are characterized with high physical endurance exercises and the psychological load. The cadets of the last study year participate in the combat training course lasting for ten days. The combat training course is a challenge for military officers. It is characterized with the transition from the daily military study process routine in the National Defence Academy to military exercises in the external environment. The cadets face feeding limitation, sleeping deprivation, intensive and continuous training, strict discipline, etc. Such a situation requires the adaptation to a novel way of activity, which includes hardships and arduous training. We provided the assessment of the body mass fluctuation during the combat training course. We provided the analysis of anthropometric parameters before, during and after the combat training course, summarized the data of the health statement and health problems that are fixed in the medical cards. The proper body mass supports the good health capacity. The body composition undergoes changes during the higher physical load performance. The analysis of the average value of the body mass and the Body Mass Index have shown large individual changes inside the groups. Physical fitness and body composition have an adverse effect on military performance. The assessment of the results of physical fitness tests is provided differentially according to the individual corresponding age subgroup. The military personnel have a high risk for the health concerning the impact of external and internal factors. According to the review of the medical cards of the cadets group we indicated the main problems which are fixed after the combat training course. These are acute respiratory infections, dermatological problems, locomotor system problems, gastro-intestinal problems.
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Takhauov, R. M., D. E. Kalinkin, J. V. Semenova, N. V. Litviakov, A. R. Takhauov, and I. V. Milto. "Practice-Oriented Solutions for Radiation Medicine." A.I. Burnasyan Federal Medical Biophysical Center Clinical Bulletin, no. 2 (July 2022): 34–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.33266/2782-6430-2022-2-34-40.
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Purpose: perform a retrospective review and generalization of practice-oriented scientific research of the SBR Center in the field of radiation medicine in the period 2000-2021. Material and methods: The object of research of the SBR Center is the population of the Seversk and the personnel of the Siberian Chemical Combine (SCC). The basis for scientific research of the SBR Center is the regional medical and dosimetric register of population of the Seversk and personnel of the SCC, the bank of biological material of population of the Seversk and personnel of the SCC, as well as regular participation in the organization and conduct of periodic medical examinations of SCC personnel. Results: The assessment of morbidity and mortality from malignant neoplasms of the personnel of the nuclear industry enterprise and the population of the observation zones showed no increase in their risk during chronic technogenic exposure in the range of “small” doses. Malignant neoplasms of the digestive, respiratory, urinary and reproductive systems make the greatest contribution to the structure of oncological morbidity among the personnel of the nuclear industry enterprise and the population of the observation zones. The SBR Center was the first in the world to obtain data on the significant role of ionizing radiation in combination with traditional risk factors for the development of coronary heart disease in the increased incidence of myocardial infarction among SCC personnel. The established fact is the basis for the creation of a comprehensive program for the diagnosis and prevention of diseases of the circulatory system among the personnel of the SCC, which is being effectively implemented. The modern strategy for the prevention of non-communicable socially significant diseases developed at the SBR Center among workers at nuclear facilities and the population of observation zones (on the example of the Seversk population) includes an effective system for identifying pathological conditions, their timely correction and subsequent monitoring, which is an innovative form of work on the organization of health care and the strengthening of public health in order to increase life expectancy and ensure professional longevity. Conclusion: SBR Center performs fundamental and applied research in topical areas of radiobiology, radiation medicine, epidemiology, radiation safety and public health organization. Over the years, a significant scientific reserve has been created, a unique team has been formed, the material and technical base has been developed, and significant results have been achieved, recognized by the domestic and international scientific community.
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Meena, Shyamlal, Mahesh Chand Verma, Shiwangi Bhardwaj, Pushpendra Bairwa, and Vedant Garg. "Assessment of the knowledge, attitude and practice regarding management of biomedical waste among medical personnel working at SMS Hospital, Jaipur, Rajasthan." International Journal Of Community Medicine And Public Health 9, no. 5 (April 27, 2022): 2225. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20221244.
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Background: Bio-medical waste is defined as any waste that is generated during the diagnosis, intervention, treatment, immunisation and research activities. Hospital waste refers to all waste generated in hospitals whether biological or non-biological. As per World Health Organization (WHO) fact sheet, total of waste generated by health care activities 20% are hazardous among them 18%–64% of waste from health care facilities have unsatisfactory management as per protocol because of improper segregation and gaps in knowledge and practice. To assess the level of knowledge, attitude and practices regarding management of bio-medical waste among medical personnel.Methods: A hospital based descriptive study was done over the period of one year (April 2019 to March 2020). On the basis of the eligibility criteria total 500 medical and paramedical personal were finally got enrolled. Pre-designed, pre-tested, structured questionnaires were used.Results: The majorities of participants were male (68%) and the distribution of participants was as followed; doctors (36.6%), nursing staff (37%), lab technicians (4%), 4th class workers (7.6%), and sweeper (15.80%). 63.40% participants score >36 (good score) and only 20.80% score <18 (poor score) on knowledge of BMW management. 45% of participants were known about the risk factors of waste handling. In respect to attitude towards BMW Management, 78% of participants score >36 (good score) and in respect to practice behaviour regarding BMW Management, 79% score >22 (good score).Conclusions: Our study revealed gaps in certain components of knowledge awareness and practice in between various cadre, so we need to reinforce the reorientation training programs at regular intervals to keep them up-to-date and motivated for BMW management.
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Waller, Ed, and Diana Wilkinson. "MEDECOR—A MEDICAL DECORPORATION TOOL TO ASSIST FIRST RESPONDERS, RECEIVERS, AND MEDICAL REACH-BACK PERSONNEL IN TRIAGE, TREATMENT, AND RISK ASSESSMENT AFTER INTERNALIZATION OF RADIONUCLIDES." Health Physics 99, no. 4 (October 2010): 581–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/hp.0b013e3181c64f90.
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KOVAČ KREMŽAR, TANJA. "VOJAŠKOMEDICINSKA OBVEŠČEVALNA DEJAVNOST Z OMEJENIMI VIRI NA PRIMERU MAJHNIH DRŽAV." CONTEMPORARY MILITARY CHALLENGES, VOLUME 2014/ISSUE 16/4 (October 30, 2014): 105–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.33179/bsv.99.svi.11.cmc.16.4.6.
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Slovenska vojska poleg nacionalne obrambe opravlja naloge v mednarodnih operacijah in na misijah v zahtevnih podnebnih in geografskih razmerah zunaj območja držav članic Nata in EU. Zavezniške sile, ki opravljajo svoje poslanstvo na ozemljih zunaj Natovega območja, so lahko izpostavljene različnim dejavnikom tveganja, ki vplivajo na njihovo zdravje. Za njihovo ustrezno zdravstveno zaščito je treba sprejeti in izvajati učinkovit program, ki naj bo namenjen tako zdravstvenemu osebju kot poveljnikom. Strokovno zdravstveno osebje pridobiva zdravstvene podatke, na primer ocenjuje okoljske in zdravstvene vire ogrožanja, prepozna tveganja in izdela analizo groženj, ter jih vključuje v upravljanje tveganj. MEDINT ima pomembno vlogo v razmerju med zdravstvenim sistemom in krovno obveščevalno dejavnostjo, uporablja zakonitosti njenega obveščevalnega ciklusa, saj se na nekaterih stopnjah obveščevalni ciklus MEDINT vključuje v obveščevalni ciklus krovne obveščevalne dejavnosti. Končni obveščevalni proizvod MEDINT, ki temelji na oceni zdravstvene ogroženosti, podpira poveljnikov namen in operacijo. In addition to providing for national defence, the Slovenian Armed Forces perform tasks in demanding climatic and geographical conditions in international operations and missions outside the territory of NATO and EU Member States. Allied forces performing their mission in the territories outside the NATO area may be exposed to various threats that affect their health. For the protection of the forces` health, it is necessary to adopt and implement an effective program, which should be aimed, both, at healthcare personnel as well as commanders. Professional medical staff obtains medical data, assesses environmental and medical threats, identifies the risks, carries out threat analysis and implements them in risk management. Medical intelligence (MEDINT) plays an important role in the relation between the health system and intelligence activities. It also uses the intelligence cycle to ensure that all available information for making assessments is processed. To be fully efficient MEDINT requires the cooperation of experts from different natural science disciplines (medical, scientific or bio-engineering). The final MEDINT product based on the health threat assessment supports the commander’s intent and the operation as such.
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Swearengen, James R. "Common Challenges in Safety: A Review and Analysis of AAALAC Findings." ILAR Journal 59, no. 2 (December 31, 2018): 127–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ilar/ily011.
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Abstract The 8th edition of the Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals (Guide) is clear in its requirement for each institution to establish and maintain an occupational health and safety (OHS) program as an essential part of the overall program of animal care and use. For over 30 years, AAALAC International has utilized a variety of methods to evaluate this component of OHS programs as part of the accreditation process. AAALAC International began collecting data on site visit findings over 20 years ago using the Guide as a template for establishing the categories and subcategories to which findings are assigned. Data from 1656 findings associated with OHS were identified during calendar years 2014 through 2016. This information was used to provide an overview of the most frequently observed OHS findings that occurred during this time span. The 5 categories representing key OHS areas and the combined percentage of both mandatory findings and suggestions for improvement in each category included: workplace risk/safety assessment (37.3%); personnel protection (36.3%); personnel risk assessment (14.4%); hazard containment (9.4%); and medical services (2.6%). Information on the most commonly observed OHS findings and associated trends may be helpful to animal care and use programs when conducting internal reviews of their own OHS programs.
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Yavorovskyi, О. P., Yu M. Skaletskyi, R. P. Brukhno, L. V. Kharchuk, I. M. Kyrychuk, V. M. Borys, and V. P. Shuliarenko. "Medical workers of zhytomir oblast and assessment of the risks of their infection with SARS-COV-2 virus in the aspect of safety, occupational hygiene, and infectious control." Environment & Health, no. 1 (98) (February 2021): 4–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.32402/dovkil2021.01.004.
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Objective: We assessed safety, occupational health and infectious control at the institutions of public health of Zhytomyr oblast of Ukraine to improve the management of the risks of the infection of medical personnel with the SARS-CoV-2 virus and to reduce the occupational morbidity and mortality of medical workers from COVID-19. Materials and methods: We used bibliographic, hygienic, questionnaire and mathematical methods in the study. The results of our own observations, questionnaires for a survey of medical workers, data of the Ministry of Health of Ukraine, the Center for Public Health of the Ministry of Health of Ukraine, the State Service of Ukraine for Labour, and thematic scientific sources of information were used as a material for the study. Results: The work of medical workers, involved in COVID-19 pandemic overcoming, is classified as dangerous (extreme). Besides SARS-CoV-2 virus, concomitant physical, chemical factors, and high physical and neuro-emotional stress affect the formation of working conditions in medical workers. Nurses (38.57%), junior nurses (26.10%), paramedics (5.37%), general practitioners of family medicine (4.85%), surgeons (4.16%), anesthesiologists (2.54%), infectious disease doctors (2.08%), radiologists (1.85%) are among medical workers who have been diagnosed with an acute occupational COVID-19 disease in Zhytomyr oblast of Ukraine. Conclusions: The main reasons of the high levels of occupational morbidity in medical workers of Zhytomyr oblast include personal carelessness of the victims; non-use of personal protection equipment if available; work in the focus of the disease; absence or poor-quality instruction on labour protection; not full provision with personnel in Zhytomyr oblast and medical workers with personal protection equipment in the medical institutions; shortage of epidemiologists, hygienists, and occupational pathologists.
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Congdon, Ardsley P., Kathryn Tiene, Cristofer Price, and Robert L. Dufresne. "Closing the gap: Raising medical professionals' transgender awareness and medical proficiency through pharmacist-led education." Mental Health Clinician 11, no. 1 (January 1, 2021): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.9740/mhc.2021.01.001.
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Abstract Introduction Patients who are transgender have unique population-specific needs and risk factors. Nationwide surveys of health profession school administrators indicate a gap in coverage of lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender health content in their curricula. To address this gap, a pharmacist-developed transgender–health care focused seminar was presented to medical professionals, trainees, and students accompanied by a novel education assessment scale. Methods The seminar was presented by a psychiatric pharmacy resident to health care professionals and trainees in various settings. Subjects covered during the seminar included terminology, diagnostic criteria and prevalence of gender dysphoria, nonhormonal treatment, gender-affirming hormone therapy, and other considerations. The Trans* Health Education Evaluation Scale (THEES) was developed to assess participants' self-perceived proficiency regarding care of patients who are transgender immediately before and after attending a seminar. Total scale scores were compared preseminar and postseminar using a repeated-measures t-test, and sign tests with Bonferroni correction were used for individual scale items. Psychometric properties of this scale were examined. Results Five seminars were given, and a total of 100 scales were completed by health care–associated workers and students. The majority of participants were in the pharmacy or medical professions. Attending 1 seminar significantly improved THEES total and individual item scores (P < .001). Additionally, 90% of participants felt the seminar was directly applicable to their practice, and 84% felt more confident in providing care to patients who are transgender. Discussion A single, pharmacist-led, trans health–focused education session significantly improved the confidence level and self-perceived proficiency of health care–associated personnel as measured by THEES.
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Yudin, A. B., M. V. Kaltygin, E. A. Konovalov, A. A. Vlasov, D. A. Altov, V. E. Batov, A. E. Shiryaeva, E. A. Yakunchikova, and O. A. Danilova. "Assessing functional state of the body when wearing a reusable protective suit to minimize risks of contagion among medical personnel." Health Risk Analysis, no. 4 (December 2021): 152–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.21668/health.risk/2021.4.17.
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Personal protective equipment has become the last line of protection for medical personnel during the pandemic of the new coronavirus infection since it allows minimizing risks of biological contagion. Given the existing staffing shortage, medical workers have to spend from 4 to 12 hours a day in the “red zone” where they necessarily wear personal protective equipment. Protective clothing is known to produce negative effects on functional state of the body and personnel’s working capacities. Assessment of up-to-date protective suits will allow developing recommendations on their suitable application bearing in mind a balance between necessary protection, providing favorable ergonomics, and reducing risks of adverse effects on functional state and working capacities. Our research aim was to hygienically assess health risks for medical workers who had to wear reusable protective suits. Our research object was a reusable suit made from polyether fabric with polyurethane membrane coating and antistatic threads. We performed an experiment aimed at evaluating thermal state of the body, psychophysiological state, and responses by the volunteers’ cardiorespiratory system in laboratory conditions during an 80 hour working shift under controlled microclimate. Participants in the experiment were questioned in order to assess suits’ ergonomics. Heat exchange dynamics and amount of changes in thermal physiological parameters caused by wearing a protective suit determined heat contents of volunteers’ bodies that conformed to optimal standard values. Data on psychophysiological and mental state taken in research dynamics didn’t have any statistically significant changes. Gas exchange indicators naturally grew during the “load” phase; however, there were no significant changes detected in any phase in the research. Hygienic assessment of the thermal state, functional state of the cardiovascular and respiratory systems, and psychophysio-logical indicators confirmed that wearing a protective suit was quite safe and didn’t involve any health risks for volunteers.
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Yudin, A. B., M. V. Kaltygin, E. A. Konovalov, A. A. Vlasov, D. A. Altov, V. E. Batov, A. E. Shiryaeva, E. A. Yakunchikova, and O. A. Danilova. "Assessing functional state of the body when wearing a reusable protective suit to minimize risks of contagion among medical personnel." Health Risk Analysis, no. 4 (December 2021): 151–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.21668/health.risk/2021.4.17.eng.
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Personal protective equipment has become the last line of protection for medical personnel during the pandemic of the new coronavirus infection since it allows minimizing risks of biological contagion. Given the existing staffing shortage, medical workers have to spend from 4 to 12 hours a day in the “red zone” where they necessarily wear personal protective equipment. Protective clothing is known to produce negative effects on functional state of the body and personnel’s working capacities. Assessment of up-to-date protective suits will allow developing recommendations on their suitable application bearing in mind a balance between necessary protection, providing favorable ergonomics, and reducing risks of adverse effects on functional state and working capacities. Our research aim was to hygienically assess health risks for medical workers who had to wear reusable protective suits. Our research object was a reusable suit made from polyether fabric with polyurethane membrane coating and antistatic threads. We performed an experiment aimed at evaluating thermal state of the body, psychophysiological state, and responses by the volunteers’ cardiorespiratory system in laboratory conditions during an 80 hour working shift under controlled microclimate. Participants in the experiment were questioned in order to assess suits’ ergonomics. Heat exchange dynamics and amount of changes in thermal physiological parameters caused by wearing a protective suit determined heat contents of volunteers’ bodies that conformed to optimal standard values. Data on psychophysiological and mental state taken in research dynamics didn’t have any statistically significant changes. Gas exchange indicators naturally grew during the “load” phase; however, there were no significant changes detected in any phase in the research. Hygienic assessment of the thermal state, functional state of the cardiovascular and respiratory systems, and psychophysio-logical indicators confirmed that wearing a protective suit was quite safe and didn’t involve any health risks for volunteers.
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Therese, Mboka Olonu Marie, Gurdeep Singh, Udeh Blessing Nnenna, Mukesh Kr Singh, and Ritesh Patel. "Assessment of Knowledge, Attitude, Practice and Safe Disposal of Biomedical Waste: The Darker Side of Healthcare." International Journal of Current Research and Review 14, no. 10 (2022): 23–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.31782/ijcrr.2022.141001.
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Medical waste operation is one of the numerous complex and demanding challenges facing humanity as the global population swells and the demand for medical services increase. Medical waste product in the developing world is rising quickly due to bettered access to medical services which allow ever lesser figures of admit modern medical care. Contradictory methods of waste measurement used by researchers leave these variations questionable. Objective of biomedical waste management (BMW) operation generally involves preventing diffusion of illness from patient to medical expert to forestall injury to the health care employee and staff in support services, whereas handling medicine waste, to forestall general exposure to the harmful effects of the cytotoxic, geotaxis and chemical drug waste generated in hospitals. The main objectives of this paper were to analyse the status of medical waste generation and treatment in recent years, and also address the discussion on waste risks and the impact on health and environment. The study indicates that greater training for healthcare personnel and standardising the categorization of medical waste streams are important steps toward more efficient waste management in hospitals.
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Zinn, Caryn, Julia McPhee, Nigel Harris, Micalla Williden, Kate Prendergast, and Grant Schofield. "A 12-week low-carbohydrate, high-fat diet improves metabolic health outcomes over a control diet in a randomised controlled trial with overweight defence force personnel." Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism 42, no. 11 (November 2017): 1158–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/apnm-2017-0260.
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Overweight, obesity, and poor health is becoming a global concern for defence force personnel. Conventional nutrition guidelines are being questioned for their efficacy in achieving optimal body composition and long-term health. This study compared the effects of a 12-week low-carbohydrate, high-fat diet with a conventional, high-carbohydrate, low-fat diet on weight reduction and metabolic health outcomes in at-risk New Zealand Defence Force personnel. In this randomised controlled trial, 41 overweight personnel were assigned to intervention and control groups. Weight, waist circumference, fasting lipids, and glycaemic control were assessed at baseline and at 12 weeks. Within-group change scores were analysed using the t statistic and interpreted using a p < 0.05 level of statistical significance. Between-group mean differences and confidence intervals were analysed using effect sizes and magnitude-based inferences. Twenty-six participants completed the trial (14 intervention, 12 control). Both groups showed statistically significant weight and waist circumference reductions; the intervention group significantly reduced triglycerides and serum glucose and significantly increased high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDLc). Relative to control, the intervention group showed small, possibly to likely beneficial effects for weight, triglycerides, glucose, insulin, and homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance; moderate, likely beneficial effects for HDL cholesterol, triglyceride:HDLc ratio and HbA1c; and a small, likely harmful effect for low-density lipoprotein cholesterol. This dietary approach shows promise for short-term weight loss and improved metabolic health outcomes conditions compared with mainstream recommendations. It should be offered to defence force personnel at least as a viable alternative means to manage their weight and health.
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Yue, John K., Pavan S. Upadhyayula, Lauro N. Avalos, Ryan R. L. Phelps, Catherine G. Suen, and Tene A. Cage. "Concussion and Mild-Traumatic Brain Injury in Rural Settings: Epidemiology and Specific Health Care Considerations." Journal of Neurosciences in Rural Practice 11, no. 01 (January 2020): 023–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0039-3402581.
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Abstract Background Mild-traumatic brain injury (mTBI) and concussions cause significant morbidity. To date, synthesis of specific health care disparities and gaps in care for rural mTBI/concussion patients remains needed. Methods A comprehensive literature search was performed using PubMed database for English articles with keywords “rural” and (“concussion” or “mild traumatic brain injury”) from 1991 to 2019. Eighteen articles focusing on rural epidemiology (n = 5), management/cost (n = 5), military (n = 2), and concussion prevention/return to play (n = 6) were included. Results mTBI/concussion incidence was higher in rural compared with urban areas. Compared with urban patients, rural patients were at increased risk for vehicular injuries, lifetime number of concussions, admissions for observation without neuroimaging, and injury-related costs. Rural patients were less likely to utilize ambulatory and mental health services following mTBI/concussion. Rural secondary schools had decreased access to certified personnel for concussion evaluation, and decreased use of standardized assessment instruments/neurocognitive testing. While school coaches were aware of return-to-play laws, mTBI/concussion education rates for athletes and parents were suboptimal in both settings. Rural veterans were at increased risk for postconcussive symptoms and posttraumatic stress. Telemedicine in rural/low-resource areas is an emerging tool for rapid evaluation, triage, and follow-up. Conclusions Rural patients are at unique risk for mTBI/concussions and health care costs. Barriers to care include lower socioeconomic status, longer distances to regional medical center, and decreased availability of neuroimaging and consultants. Due to socioeconomic and distance barriers, rural schools are less able to recruit personnel certified for concussion evaluation. Telemedicine is an emerging tool for remote triage and evaluation.
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Graham, Margaret E., Michael G. Tunik, Brenna M. Farmer, Carly Bendzans, Aileen M. McCrillis, Lewis S. Nelson, Ian Portelli, et al. "Agent of Opportunity Risk Mitigation: People, Engineering, and Security Efficacy." Disaster Medicine and Public Health Preparedness 4, no. 4 (December 2010): 291–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/dmp.2010.38.
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ABSTRACTBackground: Agents of opportunity (AO) are potentially harmful biological, chemical, radiological, and pharmaceutical substances commonly used for health care delivery and research. AOs are present in all academic medical centers (AMC), creating vulnerability in the health care sector; AO attributes and dissemination methods likely predict risk; and AMCs are inadequately secured against a purposeful AO dissemination, with limited budgets and competing priorities. We explored health care workers' perceptions of AMC security and the impact of those perceptions on AO risk.Methods: Qualitative methods (survey, interviews, and workshops) were used to collect opinions from staff working in a medical school and 4 AMC-affiliated hospitals concerning AOs and the risk to hospital infrastructure associated with their uncontrolled presence. Secondary to this goal, staff perception concerning security, or opinions about security behaviors of others, were extracted, analyzed, and grouped into themes.Results: We provide a framework for depicting the interaction of staff behavior and access control engineering, including the tendency of staff to “defeat” inconvenient access controls. In addition, 8 security themes emerged: staff security behavior is a significant source of AO risk; the wide range of opinions about “open” front-door policies among AMC staff illustrates a disparity of perceptions about the need for security; interviewees expressed profound skepticism concerning the effectiveness of front-door access controls; an AO risk assessment requires reconsideration of the security levels historically assigned to areas such as the loading dock and central distribution sites, where many AOs are delivered and may remain unattended for substantial periods of time; researchers' view of AMC security is influenced by the ongoing debate within the scientific community about the wisdom of engaging in bioterrorism research; there was no agreement about which areas of the AMC should be subject to stronger access controls; security personnel play dual roles of security and customer service, creating the negative perception that neither role is done well; and budget was described as an important factor in explaining the state of security controls.Conclusions: We determined that AMCs seeking to reduce AO risk should assess their institutionally unique AO risks, understand staff security perceptions, and install access controls that are responsive to the staff's tendency to defeat them. The development of AO attribute fact sheets is desirable for AO risk assessment; new funding and administrative or legislative tools to improve AMC security are required; and security practices and methods that are convenient and effective should be engineered.(Disaster Med Public Health Preparedness. 2010;4:291-299)