Dissertations / Theses: 'Medical personnel Health risk assessment'

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Ndlebe, Lusanda. "Occupational exposure to tuberculosis: knowledge and practices of employees at specialised tuberculosis hospitals." Thesis, Nelson Mandela University, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/14245.

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Knowledge and safer practices regarding occupational exposure are crucial to all employees working in healthcare facilities, especially Tuberculosis (TB) hospitals. This study aimed to explore and describe the knowledge and practices of employees working in three specialised TB hospitals regarding occupational exposure to TB. The results of the study will be used to make recommendations to the Eastern Cape Department of Health (ECDOH) and hospital managers that could assist in reducing the prevalence of occupational TB. This quantitative, descriptive and contextual study was conducted in three specialised TB hospitals in the Nelson Mandela Bay Health District (NMBHD). Convenience sampling was used to select the research participants. The knowledge and practices of 181 employees towards occupational exposure to TB and infection control was measured through a self-administered questionnaire. The questionnaire covered areas such as the knowledge of TB and infection control, the infection control policy, infrastructure as well as patient transportation. The whole population was targeted and out of a potential 253 employees, 181 were on duty during the stage of data collection and agreed to willingly participate in the study. The data was analysed descriptively using MS excel and MS word. This study revealed that 69% (n=124/181) of employees in the three specialised TB hospitals in the NMBHD have adequate knowledge of infection control. However, only 10% (n=18/181) of employees reported appropriate infection control practices, while almost half of the participants 42% (n=76) apparently practice infection control poorly. The majority (78%, n=141) of the employees in the three specialised TB hospitals in the NMBHD reported knowing about the availability of an infection control policy in their respective hospitals, however only 42 % (n=76) have reportedly read the policy. In conclusion, knowledge and practices regarding occupational exposure in specialised TB hospitals in the NMBHD is not optimal. It is however, important to note that the majority of employees have knowledge about the TB disease itself and its symptoms. Recommendations were made in order to improve infection control knowledge and practices. These include the development of a plan for purchasing of equipment to address infection control, development of a curriculum specific for non-nursing personnel and the establishment of a plan to ensure the availability of patient consultation rooms and dining halls. A further recommendation deemed important by the researcher was isolation glass as a compulsory specification when purchasing patient transportation vehicles, in order to provide protection for the drivers transporting patients to and from the hospital.

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Santos, Felipe Amorim. "Avaliação da exposição do público e médica em um cenário típico de exames que utilizam equipamento móvel de raios X através do método Monte Carlo." Pós-Graduação em Física, 2014. https://ri.ufs.br/handle/riufs/5302.

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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior
Detriments caused by ionizing radiation are the reason of many studies in medical physics. Both in experimental and computational fields, many studies seek to limit the risks involved in the practice with ionizing radiation. Accordingly, the field of computational simulation seeks to create scenarios in the most realistic way in order to measure with the greatest precision the radiation doses deposited in organs and tissues of patients, workers and the public. In this study, we generated scenarios that simulate exams involving mobile radiography equipment in beds of clinics and hospital. Through a pair of computational phantons, these scenarios allow the calculation of effective dose values and the conversion coefficients for individuals from the public and pacient based on the physical quantity absorbed dose. One of the simulators were irradiated with the direct beam (patient) simulating examinations of thorax and abdomen, each one with two fields of irradiation. For each of these situations, the X rays spectra were varied from 60 to 80 keV. The other simulator was positioned by the side of the patient simulator (individual from the public) from different distances for the assessment of the effective dose generated by the scattered beam and the subsequent calculation of the conversion coefficients. Regarding the effective dose measured in the patient, we obtained the maximum increase between the irradiation fields of 53,1% for thorax examination with 80 kVp. For abdomen examination, we obtained a maximum increase between the fields of irradiation of 6,4% to the beam of 80 kVp. For the radiation doses in the individual from the public, coming from the scattered beam, the maximum percentage difference between the ideal field and the extrapolated field was 76,1% when the beam was positioned at 50 cm away from the patient in a abdomen exam with 60 kVp. For the pacient, the greatest risk of cancer was 43,46.10-6 mGy-1 for extrapolated field with 80 kVp for abdomen examinations. For the individuals from the public, positioned at 200 cm, the risk of cancer decreases 83,0%, when it was positioned at 50 cm. Finally, radiation doses evaluated for a typical scenario in a hospital or clinic that provides services through mobile X ray equipment allows the measurement of possible damages related to this practice, both for the patient as for the individual from the public.
Os detrimentos causados pela radiação ionizante são a razão de diversos estudos na área da física médica. Tanto na área experimental quanto no campo computacional, diversos estudos buscam limitar os riscos que envolvem a prática com radiação ionizante. Nesse sentido, a área da simulação computacional busca criar cenários da forma mais real possível para mensurar com maior precisão as doses de radiação depositadas em cada órgão e tecido dos pacientes, trabalhadores e do público. Neste trabalho foram gerados cenários que simularam exames envolvendo equipamento de radiografia móvel em leitos de clínicas e hospitais. Através de uma dupla de simuladores computacionais, estes cenários permitem calcular os valores de dose efetiva bem como os coeficientes de conversão para indivíduos do público e pacientes baseados na grandeza física dose absorvida. Um dos simuladores foi irradiado com o feixe direto (paciente) simulando exames de tórax e abdômen, cada um com dois campos de irradiação. Para cada uma destas situações os espectros do feixe foram variados de 60 a 80 keV. O outro simulador foi posicionado ao lado (indivíduo do público) em diferentes distâncias para a avaliação da dose efetiva gerada pelo feixe espalhado e posterior cálculo dos coeficientes de conversão. Em relação à dose efetiva medida no paciente, foi obtido um aumento máximo entre os campos de irradiação de 53,1% para o exame de tórax com 80 kVp. Para o exame de abdômen foi obtido um aumento máximo entre os campos de irradiação de 6,4% para o feixe de 80 kVp. Para as doses de radiação, no indivíduo do público, proveniente do feixe espalhado, a diferença percentual máxima entre o campo ideal e o campo extrapolado foi de 76,1% quando o mesmo foi posicionado a 50 cm em um exame de abdômen com 60 kVp. Para o paciente, o maior risco de câncer foi de 43,46.10-6 mGy-1. para campo extrapolado a 80 kVp para exames de abdômen. Para um indivíduo do público posicionado a 200 cm, o risco de câncer diminui 83,0% quando o mesmo estava posicionado a 50 cm. Por fim, as doses de radiação avaliadas para um cenário típico em clínica e hospitais que prestam serviço com equipamento móvel de raios X permitem mensurar os possíveis danos relacionados a esta prática, tanto para o paciente quanto para o indivíduo do público.

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Rutledge, Thomas. "Psychological response styles and cardiovascular health : confound or independent risk factor?" Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/tape15/PQDD_0002/NQ34622.pdf.

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Kling, Michael Patrick. "Needs Assessment for Mental Health Support Towards Emergency Medical Service (EMS) Personnel." Thesis, Regent University, 2021. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=27961789.

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Understanding and assessing the needs of Emergency Medical Service (EMS) personnel and other first responders is crucial for providing these individuals with the resources needed within their community. The literature discusses how EMS personnel are at risk for psychological impairment due to routine exposure to traumatic events and occupational stressors within EMS organizations. Additionally, the research has supported the importance of positive coping abilities, organizational belongingness, and social support within the lives of EMS personnel to enable them to resiliently handle the occupational stress of their job. This study investigated the occupational needs of EMS providers to determine if they are receiving resources within their organization to cope with occupational stressors. Participants for this study comprised (n=153) paramedics and fire-fighters from the Tidewater EMS Council organization. A needs assessment was conducted to explore correlations between quality of life, resiliency, years of service, level of education, burnout, secondary traumatic stress, interpersonal support, positive and negative religious coping, and the occupational needs of EMS personnel. The results revealed that burnout (r=4.27**) and secondary traumatic stress (r.215*) were important factors for determining occupational turnover among EMS personnel. Furthermore, EMS providers reported occupational needs such as easier access to mental health, improved staff relations, adequate staffing, and improved shift hours are needed within their organization. Future research should explore differences in occupational needs with EMS providers among EMS organizations in metropolitan and rural communities. Keywords: Emergency Medical Services (EMS), Burnout, Occupational Stress, Traumatic Critical Incidents

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Chanza, Alfred Witness Dzanja. "An assessment of the motivational value of rewards among health professionals in Malawi's Ministry of Health." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/d1020330.

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The assessment of the motivational value of rewards in the world of work is interesting but difficult to understand. Variations in research reports and inadequate comprehension of the efficiency and motivational value of rewards have brought about confusions, controversies and contradictions among authors, researchers, consultants and practitioners in the field of Industrial and Organisational Psychology (Mangham, 2007; Muula, 2006; Muula & Maseko, 2005; Palmer, 2006; World Bank, 2004). As a consequence, organisations are applying theories and models of motivation selectively depending on their beliefs, ideological framework of values and assumptions (Dzimbiri, 2009). The study was therefore carried out as a positive contribution to the existing knowledge and debate on the motivational value of rewards for health professionals in the public health sectors of the developing countries. Through a systematic sampling method, 571 health professionals were sampled for the study. Data were collected through the use of a self-administered questionnaire which was composed based on the data collected from desk research/literature review, focus group discussions and interviews. The findings of the study revealed that the Malawi‟s Ministry of Health (MoH) is failing to attract, motivate and retain health professionals; there is perception of inequity of the rewards among the health professionals; health professionals develop coping strategies to supplement their monthly financial rewards; health professionals engage in corrupt practices to supplement their monthly financial rewards; and there is erosion of industrial democracy in the Malawi‟s Public Health Sector. While the statistical testing of the hypothesized model proved a lack of fit between the variables, the statistical testing of the re-specified model suggests that there is a positive relationship between financial rewards and reward-related problems being faced by health professionals in the Malawi‟s MoH. Through the Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) exercise, an inverse (negative) relationship between financial and non-financial rewards was deduced, and scientifically and graphically demonstrated. Both the re-specified and graphical models symbolize a pragmatic departure from the theoretical model whose authors (Franco, Bennett, Kanfer & Stubblebine, 2004) are largely inclined to the use of non-financial rewards and suggest that financial rewards should be used with caution. These findings also reject the Herzberg‟s two factor theory (Herzberg, 1960) which claims that financial rewards (salaries) are not a motivator. The major recommendations of the study are that the Franco et al.‟s (2004) model should be adopted and adapted in the Malawi‟s MoH with the view that the value of both financial and non-financial rewards (as motivators) varies from individual to individual due to individual differences and prevailing factors/forces in both the work environment and wider society in which the MoH operates; a hybrid reward system combining the strengths of time-based, performance-based and competence-based reward systems should be developed and implemented; the results of scientifically testing the re-specified model and the inverse (causal) relationship established between financial and non-financial rewards (as demonstrated in a graphic model) should be re-tested with other samples in the public health sectors of the developing countries; and the motivational value of non-financial rewards should be scientifically established and compared with the motivational value of financial rewards used independent of each other in business organisations to make an objective conclusion on the rewards-motivation debate.

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Win, Khin Than. "The application of the FMEA risk assessment technique to electronic health record systems." Access electronically, 2005. http://www.library.uow.edu.au/adt-NWU/public/adt-NWU20050822.093730/index.html.

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Roberts, Craig Brendan. "The judgement of risk in traumatised and non-traumatised emergency medical service personnel." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/51990.

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Thesis (MA) -- University of Stellenbosch, 2000.
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Judgement of risk for negative events in certain situations was investigated in a group of emergency medical service (EMS) personnel with a diagnosis of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD; n = 27) and a group without PTSD (n = 74). Participants completed the PTSD Symptom Scale: Self-Report version (Faa, Riggs, Dancu, & Rothbaum, 1993), an EMS work experiences questionnaire, the Beck Depression Inventory (Beck, Rush, Shaw, & Emery, 1979), and an event probability questionnaire designed to assess judgement of risk. Participants with PTSD overestimated amount of risk involved in comparison to participants without PTSD, thereby demonstrating a judgement bias for risk related events. The present study found that the judgement bias in PTSD participants extended to include not just external harm related events but also general negative events (without potential threatening/harmful consequences), negative social events, and negative workrelated events. Of the posttraumatic symptomatology assessed, avoidance symptomatology was found to be the best predictor of judgement bias. The results of the present study are discussed in terms of the cognitive clinical psychology theories of PTSD, which predict the manifestation of judgement bias in PTSD, and cognitive experimental psychology explanations of the effect of negative emotional states on judgement processes.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Oordeeloor risiko vir negatiewe gebeurtenisse in sekere situasies is ondersoek by "n groep mediese nooddienspersoneel met "n diagnose van posttraumatiese stresversteuring (PTSV; n = 27) en "n groep sonder PTSV (n = 74). Deelnemers het die PTSD Symptom Scale: Self-Report version (Foa, Riggs, Dancu, & Rothbaum, 1993), "n mediese nooddiens werkservaringe-vraelys, die Beck Depression Inventory (Beck, Rush, Shaw, & Emery, 1979), en "n gebeurtenis-waarskynlikheidsvraelys wat opgestel is om oordeeloor risiko te meet, voltooi. Deelnemers met PTSV het die mate van risiko betrokke oorskat in vergelyking met deelnemers sonder PTSVen sodoende "n beoordelingsydigheid vir risiko-verbandhoudende situasies gedemonstreer. In die huidige studie is gevind dat beoordelingsydigheid by PTSV deelnemers nie beperk was tot eksterne skade-verbandhoudende gebeurtenisse nie, maar dat dit ook veralgemeen het na algemene negatiewe gebeurtenisse (sonder potensieel skadelike gevolge), negatiewe sosiale gebeurtenisse, en negatiewe werksverwante gebeurtenisse. Daar is gevind dat, wat PTSV-simptomatologie betref, vermyding die beste voorspeller van beoordelingsydigheid was. Die resultate van die huidige studie word bespreek in terme van kognitiewe klinies-sielkundige teorieë van PTSV, wat die aanwesigheid van beoordelingsydigheid voorspel, en kognitiewe eksperimentele-sielkunde verklarings van die effek van negatiewe emosionele toestande op beoordelingsprosesse.

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Till, Anne. "Dietary risk assessment of Discovery Health Medical Aid’s vitality members in South Afric." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/86308.

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Thesis ( Mnutr)--Stellenbosch University, 2014.
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Background: The rising prevalence of non-communicable diseases (NCD) is cause for concern. Improving dietary quality is a key health promotion strategy aimed at reducing NCD morbidity and mortality. Assessments that quantify “risky” dietary behaviours are worthwhile, and may help to identify high risk individuals, that would benefit from targeted interventions. Purpose: Discovery Vitality is a wellness incentive business associated with Discovery Health medical aid in South Africa. This study developed a Dietary Behaviour Score (DBSPHR) that measured degrees of compliance of Discovery Vitality members with the “spirit of dietary guidance”. It further categorized scores and identified members who may be at risk for developing NCDs due to poor dietary compliance. Methods: The DBSPHR included proportionally weighted components related to the consumption of fruit, vegetables, low fat dairy, whole-grain foods, lean meat, chicken and discretionary fat. The study population included adult South African members of Discovery Vitality, who had completed the programme’s on-line health risk assessment (PHR) between the 1st February 2010 and 31st January 2011. Stratified random sampling was used (n=1600). Half the sample included members who participated in Vitality’s HealthyFoodTM benefit (HFB) programme. The different Vitality Status groups were equally represented, and reflect degrees of engagement with the programme. Genders were equally represented. DBSPHR data were categorized as: Poor (Score 0-18), Inadequate (18.5-22.5), Fair (23-26), Good (26.5-29), Excellent (29.5-36). DBSPHR data was analyzed for variables: Vitality status, HFB participation, smoking, physical activity, alcohol consumption, body mass index (BMI), age and gender. The relationships between continuous response variables and nominal input variables were analysed using analysis of variance (ANOVA). When ordinal response variables were compared versus a nominal input variable, non-parametric ANOVA methods were used. Further, the Mann-Whitney test or the Kruskal-Wallis test was used. A p-value of p < 0.05 was considered to represent statistical significance, and 95% confidence intervals were used to describe the estimation of unknown parameters. Results: Of the sample, 67.13% of members had DBSPHRs that were considered “poor” or “inadequate”. The mean DBSPHR of the sample was 20.47 points. Women achieved better DBSPHRs than men (p<0.01). Greater engagement with the Vitality programme was associated with better DBSPHRs (p<0.01). There was no significant difference between the mean DBSPHR of members participating in the HFB and Non-HFB members, however the HFB was not assessed as an intervention. Members with “risky” lifestyle behaviours such as; inactivity, smoking and consuming alcohol excessively, demonstrated lower DBSPHR than members without these risks. Obese members achieved significantly lower DBSPHRs than normal weight and overweight members (p<0.01). Conclusions: It is concerning that Discovery Vitality members did not perform better than the general global standard of inadequate compliance with the “spirit of dietary guidance”. Engagement with the Vitality programme seems to positively impact on dietary compliance. Members at an increased risk for NCD morbidity and mortality due to; aging, obesity, smoking, inactivity or non-compliance with alcohol consumption guidelines, demonstrated lower DBSPHRs compared to members without these risks. Targeted interventions aimed at addressing “risky” dietary and lifestyle behaviours may benefit these members.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Agtergrond: Die styging in voorkoms van nie-oordraagbare siektes (NOS) is rede tot kommer. Verbetering van dieetkwaliteit is ‘n sleutel gesondheidsbevordering strategie gemik daarop om NOS morbiditeit en mortaliteit te verminder. Assesserings wat “riskante” dieetgedrag kwantifiseer is waardevol en mag help om hoë risiko individue te identifiseer wat sal baatvind by geteikende intervensies. Doel: Discovery Vitality is ‘n welwees motiveringsbesigheid wat geassosieer is met Discovery Health mediese fonds in Suid-Afrika. Hierdie studie het ‘n dieet-gedragstelling (“Dietary Behaviour Score - DBSPHR”) ontwikkel wat die graad van nakoming van Discovery Vitality lede gemeet het aan die “gees van leiding oor dieet”. Dit het verder tellings gekategoriseer en lede geïdentifiseer wat ‘n verhoogde risiko vir die ontwikkeling van NOS mag hê as gevolg van swak nakoming van dieet. Metodes: Die DBSPHR het proporsioneel geweegde komponente bevat, verwant aan die inname van vrugte en groente, laevet suiwelprodukte, volgraan voedsels, maer vleis, hoender en diskresionêre vet. Die studiepopulasie het volwasse Suid-Afrikaners ingesluit wat lede van die Discovery Vitality program was en wat die program se aanlyn gesondheidsrisiko assessering tussen 1 Februarie 2010 en 31 Januarie 2011 voltooi het. Gestratifiseerde, ewekansige steekproeftrekking was gebruik (n=1600). Helfte van die steekproef het lede ingesluit wat aan Vitality se HealthyFoodTM voordeel program deelgeneem het. Die verskillende Vitality Status groepe was gelyk verteenwoordig en reflekteer verskillende grade van interaksie met die program. Geslagte was gelyk verteenwoordig. DBSPHRs data was gekategoriseer as: Swak (Telling 0-18), Onvoldoende (18.5-22.5), Matig (23-26), Goed (26.5-29), Uitstekend (29.5-36). DBSPHR data was vir die volgende veranderlikes geanaliseer: Vitality status, deelname aan die HealthyFoodTM voordeel, rook, fisiese aktiwiteit, alkohol inname, liggaamsmassa indeks (LMI), ouderdom en geslag. Die verhouding tussen aaneenlopende reaksie veranderlikes en nominale inset veranderlikes was geanaliseer deur die gebruik van analise van variansies (ANOVA). Wanneer ordinale reaksie veranderlikes vergelyk was teenoor ‘n nominale inset variansie, was nie-parametriese ANOVA metodes gebruik. Verder was die Mann-Whitney toets of die Kruskal-Wallis toets gebruik. ‘n P-waarde van p < 0.05 was gesien as verteenwoordigend van statistiese beduidendheid en 95% sekerheidsintervalle was gebruik om die skatting van onbekende parameters te beskryf.Resultate: Van die studie monster het 67.13% van die lede DBSPHRs getoon wat gereken was as “swak” of “onvoldoende”. Die gemiddelde DBSPHR van die steekfproef was 20.47 punte. Vroue het beter DBSPHR as mans behaal (p<0.01). Meer interaksie met die Vitality program was geassosieer met beter DBSPHRs (p<0.01). Daar was geen beduidende verskille tussen die gemiddelde DBSPHR van lede wat aan die HealthyFoodTM voordeel program deelneem en die lede wat nie aan die program deelneem nie, alhoewel die HealthyFoodTM voordeel nie geëvalueer was as ‘n intervensie nie. Lede met “riskante” lewenstyl gedrag soos onaktiwiteit, rook en hewige alkoholinname het laer DBSPHR getoon as lede sonder hierdie risiko’s. Vetsugtige lede het laer DBSPHR behaal as normale gewig en oorgewig lede (p<0.01). Gevolgtrekking: Dit is ‘n bron van kommer dat Discovery Vitality lede nie beter vertoon het as wat blyk ‘n algemene globale standaard van gebrekkige nakoming van die “gees van leiding oor dieet” te wees nie. Interaksie met die Vitality program blyk ‘n positiewe impak te hê op dieet nakoming. Lede wat ‘n verhoogde risiko gehad het vir NOS morbiditeit en mortaliteit as gevolg van veroudering, vetsugtigheid, rook, onaktiwiteit of verontagsaming van alkohol inname riglyne het ook laer DBSPHRs getoon in vergelyking met lede sonder hierdie risiko’s. Geteikende intervensies gemik op die aanspreek van riskante dieet en lewenstyl gedrag mag tot voordeel van hierdie lede wees.

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Stuart, Rhonda Lee 1963. "Nosocomial tuberculous infection : assessing the risk among health care workers." Monash University, Dept. of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, 2000. http://arrow.monash.edu.au/hdl/1959.1/9004.

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McLernon, Michelle Yvonne. "Risk Propensity, Self-Efficacy and Driving Behaviors Among Rural, Off-Duty Emergency Services Personnel." OpenSIUC, 2014. https://opensiuc.lib.siu.edu/dissertations/837.

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Emergency medical services personnel work in a fast-paced, stressful environment requiring rapid, efficient response to critical situations, creating unique safety considerations within the workforce. With an occupational fatality rate notably higher than average, most of which are attributed to vehicular crashes, compounded by risks faced on rural roadways, rural EMS personnel face unique driving challenges that may be exacerbated by the very traits, self-efficacy and risk propensity, that may have initially drawn them to the profession. The purpose of this study was to identify the extent to which rural EMS personnel engage in off-duty, risky driving behaviors and to examine the relationship between these behaviors and their levels of risk propensity as well as their self-efficacy relative to driving. A cross-sectional, quantitative study was conducted to explore the relationship between the variables. A 63-item survey was completed by 227 rural EMS personnel. The statistical model resulting from this study identifies risky-driving self-efficacy and risk propensity as significant predictors of engaging in risky driving behaviors, with self-efficacy emerging as the strongest predictor. The predictive model fit well within the Social Cognitive Theory construct of triadic reciprocity, providing a platform from which to develop mitigating strategies to foster systemic as well as behavioral changes, while tailoring interventions to highly self-efficacious, risk-taking individuals who gravitate toward risky professions, including rural EMS personnel.

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Ahlqvist, Hillforth Caroline. "The health effects of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) : A literature-based risk assessment for subpopulations in Uppsala." Thesis, Örebro universitet, Institutionen för hälsovetenskaper, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-83394.

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Clark, Jace, and Grant Skrepnek. "Student Assessment of Risk and Return of Publicly Traded Companies Providing Accident and Health Insurance and Medical Service Plans." The University of Arizona, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/614601.

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Class of 2011 Abstract
OBJECTIVES: To assess the risk and return of publicly traded health insurance companies from 1986 through 2010. METHODS: Risk and return was assessed on these companies by identifying them with SIC 6231 and 6234 (Accident and Health Insurance and Medical Service Plans) along with their presence on the CRSP database. Risk and return was analyzed via alpha and beta for SIC 632x, which were calculated utilizing the CAPM, Fama-French 3 Factor and Carhart 4 Factor econometric models. Risk and return was further assessed by calculating a Sharpe ratio along with determining annualized mean excess return and volatility for SIC 632x and the overall market. Lastly, cumulative price paths for both SIC 632x and the overall market were calculated and a Monte Carlo simulation analysis in Matlab and Microsoft Excel was run to simulate 6500 portfolios to compare risk to return ratios for SIC 632x over the time period of 1986-2010 versus the time period of 2006-2010. RESULTS: Overall, 110 companies were identified with SIC 6321 and 6234 and 7938 observations were made. The results were reported in a cross sectional format with five time periods of five years each (1986-1990, 1991-1995, 1996-2000, 2001-2005, and 2006-2010 respectively). The descriptive statistics showed that SIC 632x had a higher rate of return than the overall market (1.21±14.15 compared to 0.88±4.49; however, they also had greater risk (0.89±14.15 vs 0.57±4.48). The CAPM model captured an overall alpha value of 0.44 while the 3 Factor model provided an overall alpha of -0.20 and the 4 Factor model provided an overall alpha of 0.31. The 4 Factor model had the highest overall r-squared value of 0.16. The overall annualized mean excess return was greater for SIC 632x than the overall market (10.71% vs 6.80%) while the volatility was also greater (20.30% vs 16.17%). Additionally, the Sharpe ratio was calculated and was greater overall for SIC 632x than the overall market (0.53 vs 0.42). Graphically, cumulative asset price paths were illustrated for both SIC 632x and market-based portfolios along with a mean variance efficient frontier for the SIC 623x portfolio set during the time periods of 1986-2010 and 2006-2010. These figures showed increased return for SIC 632x compared to the overall market while illustrating increasing risk and return rate trends for SIC 632x within the sector itself. CONCLUSION: Publicly traded companies providing accident and health insurance and medical service plans possess securities that have potentially higher returns but potentially higher risk relative to the overall market. Furthermore, the findings via the alpha, Sharpe ratio and Efficient Frontier simulation illustrated that the overall market provides a similar risk to return ratio compared to that of the analyzed companies in this study.

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ALLARD, LEE RICHARD. "EXPOSURE TO LOW-LEVEL IONIZING RADIATION AND RISK OF LEUKEMIA AND NON-HODGKIN'S LYMPHOMA IN PARTICIPANTS OF THE FERNALD MEDICAL MONITORING PROGRAM." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2006. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1141071821.

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Aliu, Omokhele Rosemary. "Frequent Fall Risk Assessment Reduces Fall Rates in Elderly Patients in Long-Term Care." Thesis, Walden University, 2017. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10256725.

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Falls are a serious issue for the elderly living in long-term care facilities, as falls contribute to significant health problems such as increased dependence, loss of autonomy, confusion, immobilization, depression, restriction in daily activities, and, in some cases, death. An estimated 424,000 fatal falls in elderly patients residing in long-term facilities occur annually in the United States costing $34 billion in direct medical costs. One way to reduce falls among elderly patients in long-term care is to assess for fall risk frequently and implement evidence-based strategies to prevent falls. Patients in this project site facility had been assessed for fall risk via the Briggs Fall Risk Assessment Tool with implementation of fall risk iinterventions only upon admission or when there was a fall. The purpose of this project was to assess whether changing to weekly use of the Briggs Fall Risk Assessment Tool with implementation of fall risk interventions by nursing staff could decrease fall rates in the elderly in long-term care in Harris County, Texas. The model of prevention served as the conceptual framework for this project. Thirty participants (20 females and 10 males) between the ages of 65-115 participated in the program. Pre-implementation data were collected for 1 month and post-implementation data were collected for 1 month. The total number of falls reported weekly was counted before and after the weekly implementation of the Briggs Fall Risk Assessment Tool. The number of falls decreased from 12(70.6%) before the implementation of the assessment tool to 5(29.4%) falls afterwards. A fall prevention program in long-term care may affect social change positively by reducing fall risk in long term care by reinforcing the importance of increased awareness of risk of falls to implement fall prevention strategies

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Thatiparti, Deepthi Sharan. "Risk assessment of Infectious-Bioaerosol exposures to hospital Health-Care Workers. Development and Testing of innovative Medical Countermeasures in Isolation Rooms." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1509986839927963.

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16

Baleta, Adele. "Healing the rift : an assessment of a World Health Organisation's media communication programme for health scientists." Thesis, Stellenbosch : University of Stellenbosch, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/17344.

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Thesis (MPhil)--University of Stellenbosch, 2006.
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Health scientists agree that the media is a crucial conduit for communicating life-saving, preventative and curative health messages to a wider audience. They also concur that they are the gatekeepers, and the responsibility of communicating their findings and health information to the public rests with them. And yet, their relationship with journalists is often unhealthy and in need of attention. Many health scientists lack knowledge and understanding about who the media are, and what they require to do the job of reporting ethically and professionally. They often lack the skills needed to frame simple, succinct messages timeously, especially on controversial issues such as vaccines and drug safety, immunisation and drug treatment for infectious diseases such as HIV/AIDS. This study argues that health scientists/professionals globally, irrespective of culture, ethnicity, creed, language or media systems, need training on how to communicate with the media in the interests of public health. This is especially so in the modern world with its complex, high-speed communication. The objective of the study was to assess the impact of a WHO media communication training programme for health scientists worldwide. More specifically, the study sought to shed light on whether the training shifted their perceptions and attitudes to the media. And, if so, in what way? It also aimed to find out if the trainees learned any skills on how to deal with reporters. The research methodology was qualitative. A review of the literature, to establish current thinking in the field, was followed by interviews with health professionals. The interviewees are from China, South Africa and Ghana and received the same basic training either in South Africa, China or Sri Lanka. Some were trained in 2005, others in 2004 and others before that. Most had been trained together with participants from other countries. Two focus groups were conducted in China before and after training. Included, is an account of the aims and objectives of each module of the actual training. The study also made use of WHO documents and news and feature articles from newspapers, radio and the internet. Most participants had never had media communication training but had been interviewed by reporters. While some had positive experiences, others felt bruised by their interactions with journalists. After training, however, they registered a shift in attitude toward feeling more positive and less fearful of the media. They felt more confident and better equipped to engage with journalists. Most participants desired more training to consolidate the skills that they had learned. Some had managed to put the training to good use by developing similar programmes in their own country. Others who were trained more recently were enthusiastic about the prospect of sharing ideas with colleagues. Those who were unlikely to deal with the media directly said they felt they could at last contribute to discussions on the media in the workplace. The WHO training, albeit a first step aimed at bridging the gap between health professionals and journalists, goes a long way in addressing the frustrations and the complexities of dealing with the media. Health professionals want to communicate because they need to reach their target population, the ordinary person in the street. Training and facilitation can empower health professionals to deal constructively with the media in getting health messages to the public. This training programme, which imparts practical skills including how to prepare and manage interviews, could be adapted to meet the needs of scientists from different disciplines.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Gesondheidswetenskaplikes is dit eens dat die media ‘n uiters belangrike middel is om lewensreddende, voorkomende en genesende gesondheidsboodskappe aan ‘n groter gehoor oor te dra. Hulle stem ook saam dat hulle die hekwagters is en die verantwoordelikheid het om hul bevindinge en gesondheidsinligting aan die publiek oor te dra. Tog is hul verhouding met joernaliste dikwels ongesond en sorgwekkend. Talle gesondheidswetenskaplikes het geen kennis en begrip van wie die media is en wat hulle nodig het om hul taak – verslaggewing – eties en professioneel te verrig nie. Hulle kort dikwels die vaardighede om eenvoudige, saaklike boodskappe betyds te formuleer, veral as dit kom by omstrede aangeleenthede soos veilige entstowwe en medisyne, immunisering en medisyne vir die behandeling van aansteeklike siektes. Hierdie studie voer aan dat wetenskaplikes/gesondheidsberoepslui wêreldwyd – ongeag kultuur, etnisiteit, geloof, taal of mediastelsels – ‘n behoefte het aan opleiding om beter met die media te kommunikeer ter wille van openbare gesondheid. Dit is veral belangrik vir die ingewikkelde en snelle kommunikasie van die moderne wêreld. Die doel van die studie was om die uitwerking van ‘n wêreldwye opleidingsprogram van die WGO oor kommunikasie met die media te bepaal. Die studie het meer spesifiek probeer lig werp op die vraag of die opleiding hul begrip van en ingesteldheid teenoor die media verander het. En, indien wel, op watter manier? Dit het ook probeer vasstel of deelnemers enige vaardighede aangeleer het oor hoe om met verslaggewers om te gaan. ‘n Kwalitatiewe navorsingsmetodiek is gevolg. Bestaande literatuur is bestudeer om huidige denkrigtings op die gebied te bepaal, waarna onderhoude met gesondheidsberoepslui asook ‘n TV-gesondheidsverslaggewer van Beijing, China, gevoer is. Die ondervraagdes kom van China, Suid-Afrika en Ghana en het dieselfde basiese opleiding in Suid-Afrika, China of Sri Lanka ondergaan. Sommige is in 2005 opgelei, party in 2004 en ander vroeër. Die meeste is saam met deelnemers van ander lande opgelei. Twee fokusgroepe is voor en ná opleiding in China bestudeer. ‘n Verslag oor die oogmerke en doelwitte van elke module van die werklike opleiding is ingesluit. Die studie het ook gebruik gemaak van WGO-dokumente, nuus- en artikels uit nuusblaaie, die radio en die internet. Die meeste deelnemers het nooit opleiding in mediakommunikasie gehad nie, hoewel verslaggewers al onderhoude met hulle gevoer het. Terwyl dit vir sommige ‘n aangename ondervinding was, het ander nie goeie herinneringe aan hul interaksie met joernaliste nie. Ná opleiding het hulle egter getuig van ‘n positiewer gesindheid teenoor en minder vrees vir die media. Die meerderheid van die deelnemers wou graag verdere opleiding hê om hul pas verworwe vaardighede uit te bou. Party kon selfs soortgelyke programme in hul eie lande ontwikkel. Van die meer onlangse deelnemers was geesdriftig oor die vooruitsig om gedagtes met kollegas te wissel. Diegene wat waarskynlik nie veel met die media te doen sou hê nie, het gesê hulle kon nou minstens by die werk aan gesprekke oor die media deelneem. Hoewel dit maar die eerste tree is om die gaping tussen gesondheidsberoepslui en joernaliste te oorbrug, slaag die WGO se opleiding in ‘n groot mate daarin om die frustrasies en verwikkeldhede van omgang met die media te oorkom. Mense in die gesondheidsberoepe wil graag kommunikeer omdat hulle hul teikenbevolking – die gewone mense – moet bereik. Opleiding en tussentrede kan hulle toerus om konstruktief met die media om te gaan ten einde gesondheidsboodskappe aan die publiek oor te dra. Hierdie opleidingsprogram kan aangepas word om in die behoeftes van wetenskaplikes in verskeie vakgebiede te voorsien.

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17

Almujaweb, Turki. "Caries experience and risk assessment in 6-year-olds and 14-year-olds living in Malmö, Sweden." Thesis, Malmö universitet, Odontologiska fakulteten (OD), 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-19933.

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Aim: to study if children with caries in primary teeth at age 6 had more caries in permanent teeth at age 14 compared to children who were caries-free at age 6. Besides that, if children who were judged as having high caries risk at age 14 had higher DMFT than children with low caries risk in the same age, and if children with high caries risk at age 14 had higher dmft at age 6 than children with low/moderate risk at age 14. Method: Dental records from 2655 15-year-olds were reviewed by two investigators. Information was collected on background information (age, gender, medical status), dmft value and risk assessment at age 6, DMFT value and risk assessment at age 14. Results: Individuals with higher dmft values at age 6 had higher DMFT values at age 14 years. Individuals who were judged as low/moderate risk individuals at age 14 showed less caries experience than individuals who were judged as high/ very high risk individuals. The individuals who were judged as low/moderate risk individuals at age 14 showed less caries experience at age 6 and report less dmft value than individuals who were judged as high/ very high risk individuals. Conclusion: Individuals with higher caries experience at young age had higher DMFT values and were judged as high caries risk individuals at age 14. Therefore, dmft value at young age can be used as a predictor for future carious experience in adolescence.

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18

McCarthy, Theresa Helen. "The best predictors of medical claims costs at Ball State University." Virtual Press, 1999. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/1125589.

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The purpose of this study was to explore, from readily available data, the best predictors of medical claims costs at Ball State University (BSU). Multiple regression equations were developed to predict BSU's medical claims costs from selected demographic and health-related measures among 1,799 BSU employees. The predictors were chosen from data previously collected during the three-year study period: July 1, 1995 to June 30, 1998. Regression equations were developed for the entire BSU population and the high-cost population. The linear composite of number of emergency room visits, number of chronic health problems, gender and age predicted 17.86% of the variation in transformed medical claims costs for the entire BSU population. The linear composite of age, number of emergency room visits and gender predicted 9.95% of the variation in transformed medical claims costs for high-cost BSU employees. Logistic regression, performed on the entire BSU population, did not differentiate low and highcost employees well: only 15.0% of high-cost employees were classified correctly.
Fisher Institute for Wellness

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19

Heimbigner, Stephen. "Implications in using Monte Carlo simulation in predicting cardiovascular risk factors among overweight children and adolescents a stochastic computer model based on probabilities from the Bogalusa Heart Study /." unrestricted, 2007. http://etd.gsu.edu/theses/available/etd-07252007-234503/.

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Thesis (M.P.H.)--Georgia State University, 2007.
Title from file title page. Russ Toal, committee chair; Michael Eriksen, Valerie Hepburn, committee members. Electronic text (102 p. : ill. (some col.)) : digital, PDF file. Description based on contents viewed Mar. 26, 2008. Includes bibliographical references (p. 71-73).

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20

Romero, Liana Carrasco. "Third-Degree Family Health History and Perception of Disease Risk." ScholarWorks, 2015. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/601.

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Chronic diseases are a significant cause of illness and mortality in the United States. Hereditary predisposition to chronic diseases is a useful indicator for identifying people at risk for disease development. An ideal tool for determining this predisposition is the CDC, NIH, and AAFP recommended third-degree family health history (FHH). The aim of this quantitative, cross-sectional study, based on the theoretical frameworks of social constructivism and the health belief model, was to assess the possible influence between the completed third-degree FHH and the participant's perception of disease risk. Two-hundred seventy-three participants were recruited from health care facilities and from the general population using convenience sampling. Bivariate and multivariate tests were applied to analyze the obtained data. Binary regression indicated a statistically significant association between the presence of heart disease, stroke, breast cancer, ovarian/cervical cancer, prostate cancer, colon cancer, and diabetes, and the perception of risk for the particular disease as noted in the FHH. A familial history of stroke appeared to be the strongest predictor of perception of disease risk. Moreover, increasing age, particularly within the age range of 40 to 57, was associated with increasing levels of perception of disease risk for heart disease, stroke, and prostate cancer. Individuals from the general population significantly indicated higher-than-average risk for colon cancer compared to those from health care facilities. Social change implication of this study may be the widespread implementation of a familial health history questionnaire that leads to an impactful, higher degree of disease risk awareness, prompting preventive action on the part of the individual, and leading to improved individual and population health.

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21

Miller, Diane K. "AIDS, knowledge, concerns, and universal precautions." Virtual Press, 1994. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/935925.

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Hospitals have been directed by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the Occupational Safety and Health Administration to educate health care workers about bloodborne pathogens. The purpose of this descriptive study is to assess the knowledge and concerns of health care workers regarding bloodborne pathogens and describe the application of universal precautions in practice.Orem's Theory of Self-Care was used for the framework because nurses are self-care agents, responsible for personal well-being, as well as patient's well-being. The instrument "Bloodborne Pathogens and Universal Precautions Test" was used to collect the data (Jones & Ryan, 1992). A convenience sample of twelve hospitals within the state of Indiana with four hundred-fifty licensed nursing personnel responded to the questionnaire.Findings revealed a mean score of 84.5 on the knowledge scale. Perception of availability of supplies and equipment ranged from consistently available (68.5% to 98.7%) to never available (0.0% to 0.9%). Perception of application of universal precautions ranged from consistently applied (32.4% to 84.0%) to never applied (0.0% to 9.5%). Content analysis of concerns related by health care workers included fear of contagion and accidental injury.Conclusions indicated knowledge of transmission and availability of supplies do not ensure compliance with universal precautions. Increased knowledge levels will decrease, but not eliminate, fear of contagion.Universal precaution training alone does not adequately prepare health care workers for HIV/AIDS patients. On-going educational endeavors are needed, including affective concerns.
School of Nursing

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22

Kielmann, Karina. ""Prostitution", "risk", and "responsibility" : paradigms of AIDS prevention and women's identities in Thika, Kenya." Thesis, McGill University, 1993. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=69568.

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The focus of this thesis is an AIDS education programme targeting prostitutes in the industrial town of Thika, Kenya. The thesis challenges three key assumptions underlying the programme, namely: (1) prostitutes in Kenya form a readily identifiable, homogenous social category; (2) medically, they are a source of HIV-infection, and a risk group due to their sexual activity; (3) once provided with knowledge about AIDS transmission and prevention, they have the incentive, and the means to modify their risk behaviour. The notions of "prostitution", "risk", and "responsibility", as assumed in the medical discourse of the programme, are contrasted with those found in the narratives of local health workers and the women involved in the programme. The incongruences in these sets of understandings have implications for the interpretation of epidemiological findings and the planning of AIDS prevention programmes in general. By lending an overall priority ranking to the risk factor of sexual behaviour, the epidemiological paradigm informing the programme masks social and economic co-factors placing women at risk, as well as the role of men in transmission of the HIV-virus. Further, the paradigm ignores important factors in the motivation of health behaviour, namely, the relative significance that women attribute to the risk of AIDS, as well as their envisaged control over health.

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Lines, Lisa M. "Outpatient Emergency Department Utilization: Measurement and Prediction: A Dissertation." eScholarship@UMMS, 2014. https://escholarship.umassmed.edu/gsbs_diss/710.

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Approximately half of all emergency department (ED) visits are primary-care sensitive (PCS) – meaning that they could potentially be avoided with timely, effective primary care. Reducing undesirable types of healthcare utilization (including PCS ED use) requires the ability to define, measure, and predict such use in a population. In this retrospective, observational study, we quantified ED use in 2 privately insured populations and developed ED risk prediction models. One dataset, obtained from a Massachusetts managed-care network (MCN), included data from 2009-11. The second was the MarketScan database, with data from 2007-08. The MCN study included 64,623 individuals enrolled for at least 1 base-year month and 1 prediction-year month in Massachusetts whose primary care provider (PCP) participated in the MCN. The MarketScan study included 15,136,261 individuals enrolled for at least 1 base-year month and 1 prediction-year month in the 50 US states plus DC, Puerto Rico, and the US Virgin Islands. We used medical claims to identify principal diagnosis codes for ED visits, and scored each according to the New York University Emergency Department algorithm. We defined primary-care sensitive (PCS) ED visits as those in 3 subcategories: nonemergent, emergent but primary-care treatable, and emergent but preventable/avoidable. We then: 1) defined and described the distributions of 3 ED outcomes: any ED use; number of ED visits; and a new outcome, based on the NYU algorithm, that we call PCS ED use; 2) built and validated predictive models for these outcomes using administrative claims data; 3) compared the performance of models predicting any ED use, number of ED visits, and PCS ED use; 4) enhanced these models by adding enrollee characteristics from electronic medical records, neighborhood characteristics, and payor/provider characteristics, and explored differences in performance between the original and enhanced models. In the MarketScan sample, 10.6% of enrollees had at least 1 ED visit, with about half of utilization scored as PCS. For the top risk group (those in the 99.5th percentile), the model’s sensitivity was 3.1%, specificity was 99.7%, and positive predictive value (PPV) was 49.7%. The model predicting PCS visits yielded sensitivity of 3.8%, specificity of 99.7%, and PPV of 40.5% for the top risk group. In the MCN sample, 14.6% (±0.1%) had at least 1 ED visit during the prediction period, with an overall rate of 18.8 (±0.2) visits per 100 persons and 7.6 (±0.1) PCS ED visits per 100 persons. Measuring PCS ED use with a threshold-based approach resulted in many fewer visits counted as PCS, discarding information unnecessarily. Out of 45 practices, 5 to 11 (11-24%) had observed values that were statistically significantly different from their expected values. Models predicting ED utilization using age, sex, race, morbidity, and prior use only (claims-based models) had lower R2 (ranging from 2.9% to 3.7%) and poorer predictive ability than the enhanced models that also included payor, PCP type and quality, problem list conditions, and covariates from the EMR, Census tract, and MCN provider data (enhanced model R2 ranged from 4.17% to 5.14%). In adjusted analyses, age, claims-based morbidity score, any ED visit in the base year, asthma, congestive heart failure, depression, tobacco use, and neighborhood poverty were strongly associated with increased risk for all 3 measures (all P<.001).

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Lines, Lisa M. "Outpatient Emergency Department Utilization: Measurement and Prediction: A Dissertation." eScholarship@UMMS, 2004. http://escholarship.umassmed.edu/gsbs_diss/710.

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Approximately half of all emergency department (ED) visits are primary-care sensitive (PCS) – meaning that they could potentially be avoided with timely, effective primary care. Reducing undesirable types of healthcare utilization (including PCS ED use) requires the ability to define, measure, and predict such use in a population. In this retrospective, observational study, we quantified ED use in 2 privately insured populations and developed ED risk prediction models. One dataset, obtained from a Massachusetts managed-care network (MCN), included data from 2009-11. The second was the MarketScan database, with data from 2007-08. The MCN study included 64,623 individuals enrolled for at least 1 base-year month and 1 prediction-year month in Massachusetts whose primary care provider (PCP) participated in the MCN. The MarketScan study included 15,136,261 individuals enrolled for at least 1 base-year month and 1 prediction-year month in the 50 US states plus DC, Puerto Rico, and the US Virgin Islands. We used medical claims to identify principal diagnosis codes for ED visits, and scored each according to the New York University Emergency Department algorithm. We defined primary-care sensitive (PCS) ED visits as those in 3 subcategories: nonemergent, emergent but primary-care treatable, and emergent but preventable/avoidable. We then: 1) defined and described the distributions of 3 ED outcomes: any ED use; number of ED visits; and a new outcome, based on the NYU algorithm, that we call PCS ED use; 2) built and validated predictive models for these outcomes using administrative claims data; 3) compared the performance of models predicting any ED use, number of ED visits, and PCS ED use; 4) enhanced these models by adding enrollee characteristics from electronic medical records, neighborhood characteristics, and payor/provider characteristics, and explored differences in performance between the original and enhanced models. In the MarketScan sample, 10.6% of enrollees had at least 1 ED visit, with about half of utilization scored as PCS. For the top risk group (those in the 99.5th percentile), the model’s sensitivity was 3.1%, specificity was 99.7%, and positive predictive value (PPV) was 49.7%. The model predicting PCS visits yielded sensitivity of 3.8%, specificity of 99.7%, and PPV of 40.5% for the top risk group. In the MCN sample, 14.6% (±0.1%) had at least 1 ED visit during the prediction period, with an overall rate of 18.8 (±0.2) visits per 100 persons and 7.6 (±0.1) PCS ED visits per 100 persons. Measuring PCS ED use with a threshold-based approach resulted in many fewer visits counted as PCS, discarding information unnecessarily. Out of 45 practices, 5 to 11 (11-24%) had observed values that were statistically significantly different from their expected values. Models predicting ED utilization using age, sex, race, morbidity, and prior use only (claims-based models) had lower R2 (ranging from 2.9% to 3.7%) and poorer predictive ability than the enhanced models that also included payor, PCP type and quality, problem list conditions, and covariates from the EMR, Census tract, and MCN provider data (enhanced model R2 ranged from 4.17% to 5.14%). In adjusted analyses, age, claims-based morbidity score, any ED visit in the base year, asthma, congestive heart failure, depression, tobacco use, and neighborhood poverty were strongly associated with increased risk for all 3 measures (all P<.001).

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25

Wenhold, Friedeburg Anna Maria. "Development and comparative validation of a dietary fat screener for grade six children." Pretoria : [s.n.], 2004. http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-11032005-124032.

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26

Murry, Joe Mitchell. "Neuropsychological Dysfunction Associated with Dental Office Environment." Thesis, University of North Texas, 1989. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc500368/.

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Five chemicals indigenous to the dental office environment that may cause toxic effects are formaldehyde, phenol, acrylic, mercury, and nitrous oxide. These chemicals create abnormal stress on physiological and psychological systems of the body resulting in symptomatology and pathology when the body defenses can no longer maintain homeostasis by adaptation. This study demonstrated serious behavioral consequences of chemical and heavy metal exposure. This study provided evidence that a significant percentage of dental office personnel who are exposed to the dental office chemicals show psycho neurological dysfunction. It was concluded that these individuals suffer adverse reactions to the chemicals in their work environment. The problem areas included perceptual motor difficulty in cognitive functioning, concern with bodily functions, despondency, and interpersonal problems.

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27

Sanders, Carolyn L. "Clinical antecedents of a medical emergency team response as predictors of ICU transfer /." Connect to full text via ProQuest. Limited to UCD Anschutz Medical Campus, 2008.

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Thesis (Ph.D. in Nursing) -- University of Colorado Denver, 2008.
Typescript. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 100-107). Free to UCD Anschutz Medical Campus. Online version available via ProQuest Digital Dissertations;

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28

Pappas, Sharon Holcombe. "The effect of nurse staffing on organizational outcomes /." Connect to full text via ProQuest. Limited to UCD Anschutz Medical Campus, 2007.

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Thesis (Ph.D. in Nursing) -- University of Colorado Denver, 2007.
Typescript. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 176-188). Free to UCD affiliates. Online version available via ProQuest Digital Dissertations;

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29

Axelsson, Therese. "An assessment of patients followed for Hepatitis B at the Department of Infectious Diseases at Örebro University Hospital : - Factors associated with significant liver fibrosis evaluated by transient elastography." Thesis, Örebro universitet, Institutionen för medicinska vetenskaper, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-76215.

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Introduction: Chronic hepatitis B (CHB) is a viral infection that can lead to development of fibrosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Several factors affecting disease progression have been reported, such as sex and region of origin. Liver stiffness and fibrosis can be evaluated using transient elastography. The degree of fibrosis is an important parameter when deciding if treatment and HCC surveillance is indicated. Aim1) To compare patients with CHB according to sex and region of origin regarding the parameters liver stiffness, presence of significant fibrosis, hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg) positivity, frequency of elevated alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels and HCC surveillance.2) To identify factors associated with significant liver fibrosis. Methods: 410 patients with a registered doctor’s visit 2015–2018 at the Department of Infectious Diseases at Örebro University Hospital were included. A systematic review of medical records was performed and groups (women-men, regions of origin) were compared. Multivariate logistic regression was used to identify factors associated with significant fibrosis. Results: Men had significantly higher liver stiffness values, higher presence of significant fibrosis, and were more frequently under HCC surveillance compared to women. No other significant differences were found regarding the studied parameters, neither related to sex, nor to region of origin. Factors associated with significant fibrosis were: male sex, elevated ALT levels and hepatitis D virus (HDV) co-infection. Conclusions: Men had a higher frequency of significant fibrosis compared to women. Factors associated with significant fibrosis were male sex, elevated ALT values and HDV co-infection.

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30

Million-Rousseau, Emilie. "La représentation élue du personnel en matière de santé et de sécurité." Thesis, Paris 2, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA020032.

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Depuis l’apparition du CHSCT en 1982, la représentation élue du personnel a connu de profondes évolutions. Délégués du personnel, comités d’entreprise et CHSCT ont dû s’adapter à la considérable extension des notions de santé et de sécurité. L’intégration de l’impératif de protection de la santé mentale des travailleurs dans le Code du travail a bouleversé le champ de compétences du CHSCT. La prévention des risques psycho-sociaux s’est rapidement invitée au centre de ses préoccupations, élargissant d’autant l’obligation de consultation mise à la charge de l’employeur. Des projets et mesures qui initialement nécessitaient la seule consultation du comité d’entreprise doivent dorénavant être également soumis à l’avis du CHSCT. Dans cette procédure de double consultation l’employeur est guidé par le principe de spécialité qui transforme le comité d’entreprise en simple chambre d’enregistrement des avis de l’instance spécialisée. De l’expansion du CHSCT naissent redondances et lourdeurs. Une réforme doit être envisagée. Transformation de l’instance spécialisée en commission du comité d’entreprise ou redistribution des compétences de chacun : l’alternative offerte impose la discussion
Since the emergence of the CHSCT (health, safety and working conditions committee) in 1982, the elected representation of employees has profoundly changed. Employee representatives, works councils and the CHSCT have had to adapt to the considerable extension of the concepts of health and safety. The integration of the requirement to protect the mental health of workers in the Labour Code has radically altered the scope of competence of the CHSCT. The prevention of psychosocial risks quickly invited itself as the centre of its concerns, thereby extending the consultation obligation borne by the employer. Projects and measures that initially only required the consultation of the works council are now also subject to the prior opinion of the CHSCT. In this procedure of double consultation the employer is guided by the principle of specialty that turns the works council in a mere rubber stamp of the opinion of the specialized committee. The expansion of the CHSCT has caused reiterations and cumbersomeness. A reform must be considered. Transformation of the specialized body in a committee of the works council or redistribution of powers of each : the alternative offered requires discussion

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Snyman, Margaretha Alberta. "Assessment of professional behaviour in occupational therapy education: investigating assessors’ understanding of constructs and expectations of levels of competence." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/20037.

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Thesis (MPhil)--Stellenbosch University, 2012.
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The development of professional behaviour is one of the core components of occupational therapy education. The assessment of professional behaviour poses a problem as the constructs and expectations are not clearly defined; this results in compromised inter-rater reliability. The purpose of the study was to investigate assessors’ understanding of the constructs and the expectations deployed during the assessment of professional behaviour of third and fourth year occupational therapy students during clinical practice. A case study design was used in the qualitative study. Clinical supervisors were involved in: (1) a focus group interview to scrutinise the usefulness of the current assessment instrument and (2) a participatory discussion to determine their understanding of the constructs of professional behaviour and the level of expectations to be set for third and fourth year students respectively. This study confirms that the development of effective assessment of professional behaviour entails a number of pivotal steps that include developing a shared definition of the constructs thereof and the expectations at different levels of undergraduate training, the refinement of the assessment instrument and training of assessors in the use of this assessment instrument.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die ontwikkeling van professionele gedrag is een van die kern komponente in arbeidsterapie opleiding. Die assessering daarvan bied egter uitdagings aangesien die konstrukte en verwagtings nie duidelik gedefinieer is nie; dit het gekompromiteerde geldigheid en betroubaarheid tot gevolg aangesien verskillende assessore die professionele gedrag van studente verskillend assesseer. Hierdie studie het die ondersoek van kliniese toesighouers se begrip van die konstrukte en hul verwagtings tydens die assessering van professionele gedrag van derde- en vierdejaar arbeidsterapiestudente tydens kliniese prakties ten doel gehad. ‘n Gevallestudie ontwerp het die basis van ‘n kwalitatiewe ondersoek gevorm. Kliniese toesighouers is betrek in: (1) ‘n fokusgroeponderhoud om die bruikbaarheid en gebruikersvriendelikheid van die huidige assesseringsinstrument te bepaal; en (2) ‘n deelnemende groepbespreking om hul begrip van die konstrukte van professionele gedrag en die verwagte vlakke van funksionering vir onderskeidelik derde- en vierdejaar studente te ondersoek. Hierdie studie bevestig dat die ontwikkeling van effektiewe assessering van professionele gedrag ‘n aantal essensiële stappe behels. Hierdie stappe sluit die ontwikkeling van ‘n gedeelde definisie van die konstrukte en verwagtinge van professionele gedrag in, asook die verskil in verwagtinge op die onderskeie vlakke van voorgraadse opleiding, die verfyning van die bestaande assesseringsinstrument en die opleiding van assessore in die gebruik daarvan.

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Olsson, Emma, and Rebecka Kristensen. "Preventiva trycksårsåtgärder. En litteraturstudie." Thesis, Malmö högskola, Fakulteten för hälsa och samhälle (HS), 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-25987.

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Trycksår kan förekomma på alla typer av vårdavdelningar och tar lång tid att läka samt är en stor kostnad för samhället.Syftet med litteraturstudien var att undersöka åtgärder för trycksårsprevention. Metoden är baserad på en modifierad version av Forsberg & Wengströms modell för en systematisk litteraturstudie. Sökning i databaser PubMed och CINAHL utfördes och resultatet i litteraturstudien grundades på nio kvantitativa vetenskapliga artiklar. Författarna kunde identifiera olika preventionsåtgärder där framför allt evidensbaserade bedömningsinstrument som Modifierad Nortonskala och MNA-SF är viktiga att använda i trycksårsprevention, men även temperaturmätning, ”Continental anal plug” (CAP), god nutrition, aktivitet samt tryckreducerande underlag som fårskinn.
Pressure ulcers may occur in all types of hospital wards and are a major cost to society, and takes a long time to heal. The purpose of the study is to examine measures for pressure ulcer prevention. The method is based on a literature review using the modified version of Forsberg & Wengström model for a systematic literature review. Search in PubMed and CINAHL were conducted, the results of this study were based on nine quantitative scientific articles. The results showed that, among other things, there is a significant correlation between pressure ulcer development and stroke. The authors were able to identify various preventive measures, particularly evidence-based assessment instruments Modified Norton Scale and MNA-SF. They are important to use in pressure ulcer prevention, but also to measure the skin temperature, “Continental anal plug” (CAP), good nutrition, activity and pressure reduction surfaces such as sheepskin.

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Berggren, Thea. "Belysningens inverkan på ögon- och nackbesvär vid bildskärmsarbete, : baserat på ergonombedömningar och arbetstagares subjektiva uppfattning." Thesis, KTH, Hälso- och systemvetenskap, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-217333.

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Working in front of visual display units, VDU, has become more and more common and an increasingly number of office workers spend a larger part of their working day in front of a monitor. Thus, work-related eye disorders associated with VDU use increase. Employers has a responsibility to prevent accidents and sickness among their employees, which partly can be done by risk assessments of visual ergonomic conditions at the office workplace. The purpose of this master thesis was to investigate how VDU office workers with, or without, eye- or neck problems perceive the lighting conditions in relation to how an ergonomist who has gone through a nine-day visual ergonomics education, assess the lighting. Data has been collected by 48 ergonomics specialists and work environment engineers who risk assessed 204 VDU stations at different offices in Sweden using a new visual ergonomics risk assessment method. The results showed several strong connections between the assessment made by the trained technician and the individual VDU workers perception of lighting conditions, such as the general lighting and glare. The technician noticed however more risks than the individual worker did. VDU workers with eye-strain reports more problems with their lighting conditions in the office compared to those without eye-strain. The technician’s assessment of glare, and the individual VDU worker´s experience of strong lights hade the most impact on reported eye-strain. VDU workers with neck pain did not report any problems with their lighting conditions in contrast to the technician who reported an increased risk at both general lightning and glare.
Att arbeta framför dator har blivit allt vanligare och allt fler arbetar stor del av sin arbetsdag framför en bildskärm. De arbetsrelaterade besvären i samband med detta ökar. Arbetsgivaren ska förebygga ohälsa och olycksfall vilket bland annat kan göras genom att riskbedöma synergonomiska förhållanden på kontorsarbetsplatsen. Syftet med examensarbetet var att undersöka hur individer med respektive utan ögon- eller nackbesvär vid bildskärmsarbete på kontor uppfattar sina belysningsförhållanden i relation till hur en ergonom som utbildats inom synergonomi och belysning under en 9 dagars utbildning bedömer belysningsförhållandet. Data är insamlat av 48 ergonomer och arbetsmiljöingenjörer som riskbedömt 204 bildskärmsarbetsplatser på olika kontor med hjälp av en ny synergonomisk riskbedömningsmetod. Resultatet visar att det finns flera starka samband mellan ergonomens bedömning och individens uppfattning av belysningsförhållandena, exempelvis gällande allmänbelysningen och bländningen. Ergonomen uppmärksammar dock fler risker än vad individen gör. Individer med ögonbesvär rapporterar i högre grad besvär med sina belysningsförhållanden på kontoret jämfört med individer utan besvär och den belysningsrelaterade faktor som har störst betydelse för om individen anger ögonbesvär är ergonomens bedömning och individens uppfattning av bländning/starka lampor. Individer med nackbesvär rapporterar inga större besvär med belysningsförhållandena i motsatts till ergonomen som rapporterar risker med både bländningen och allmänbelysningen.

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Fernandes, Catherine Elisa Mouteira. "Avaliação de risco químico em centros de atendimento médico veterinário : aplicação a alguns anestésicos voláteis." Master's thesis, Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/20954.

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Dissertação de Mestrado Integrado em Medicina Veterinária
Nos Centros de Atendimento Médico Veterinário (CAMV), médicos veterinários, enfermeiros veterinários e auxiliares técnicos de veterinária podem estar sujeitos a uma exposição a compostos anestésicos voláteis e aos seus resíduos. Esta exposição pode ocorrer em vários cenários nomeadamente os respeitantes à manipulação e manutenção do vaporizador, do circuito anestésico, bem como dos sistemas de ventilação e de extração de gases anestésicos, sendo as fugas do anestésico considerada como um dos principais perigos de exposição. A exposição a resíduos anestésicos exalados pelos animais pode ocorrer durante e no pós-cirúrgico, sendo, neste caso, os enfermeiros veterinários os profissionais mais expostos a resíduos de gases anestésicos. Esta exposição pode causar efeitos adversos na saúde daqueles profissionais, estando relacionados com a concentração de anestésico, frequência, duração e intensidade da exposição. Os efeitos adversos na saúde humana podem manifestar-se de forma aguda (irritação cutânea, ocular e respiratória, fadiga, náusea e cefaleias) ou de forma crónica (hepatotoxicidade, nefrotoxicidade, abortos espontâneos, alterações genéticas e aparecimento de neoplasias malignas). De forma a minimizar o risco de ocorrência de efeitos deletérios na saúde dos profissionais, deve proceder-se à avaliação do risco químico por exposição a compostos anestésicos inalatórios e implementar um plano de gestão de risco nos CAMVs. A avaliação de risco permite identificar o perigo, os trabalhadores expostos e os cenários de exposição, de forma a gerir o risco e apresentar medidas corretivas e preventivas, que permite anular ou diminuir esse mesmo risco de exposição. As medidas corretivas incluem, em especial, a correção de anomalias e defeitos no equipamento anestésico e as medidas preventivas passam pela realização de listas de verificação, a utilização de equipamentos de proteção individual e de adaptadores de segurança para o enchimento do vaporizador e principalmente a utilização de sistema de eliminação de resíduos de anestésicos e ventilação adequada e efetiva dos espaços. Assim, o plano de gestão efetuado e proposto neste documento, poderá ser considerado como um ponto de partida para um aumento de zelo profissional e para a implementação de medidas de segurança.
ABSTRACT - Chemical risk assessment in veterinary medical care centers: application to some volatile anesthetics - At the Veterinary Medical Assistance Centers (VAMC), veterinary doctors, veterinary nurses and veterinary technical assistants may be subject to exposure to volatile anesthetic compounds and their residues. This exposure can occur in several scenarios, namely those concerning the handling and maintenance of the vaporizer, the anesthetic circuit, as well as ventilation systems and the extraction of anesthetic gases, with the escape of the anesthetic being considered one of the main exposure hazards. Exposure to anesthetic residues exhaled by animals may occur during and after surgery, in which case veterinary nurses are the professionals most exposed to anesthetic gas residues. This exposure may cause adverse effects on the health of those professionals, that are related to the anesthetic concentration, frequency, duration and intensity of exposure. The adverse effects on human health may manifest acutely (skin, eye and respiratory irritation, fatigue, nausea and headaches) or chronically (hepatotoxicity, nephrotoxicity, miscarriages, genetic alterations and appearance of malignant neoplasias). In order to minimize the risk of deleterious effects on the professional’s health, the chemical risk of exposure to inhaled anesthetic compounds should be assessed and a risk management plan should be implemented for VAMs. The risk assessment allows the identification of the hazard, exposed workers and exposure scenarios, in order to manage the risk and determine corrective and preventive measures, which can cancel or reduce this same risk of exposure. The corrective measures include, more specifically, correction of anomalies and defects in the anesthetic equipment and the preventive measures include the realization of checklists, the use of individual protection equipment and safety adapters for the filling of the vaporizer and especially the use of anesthetic waste disposal system and adequate and effective ventilation of the spaces. Thus, the management plan made and proposed in this document can be considered as a starting point for an increase in professional zeal and for the implementation of safety measures.
N/A

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Kvist, Linda, and Sara Gillhof. "Stödsystem/riktlinjer för riskbedömning av oral hälsa." Thesis, Malmö högskola, Odontologiska fakulteten (OD), 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-19763.

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Riskbedömning är en väsentlig del av klinikerns vardag. Varje patient ska riskbedömas och riskgrupperas, vilket sedan utgör grund för val av behandling, behandlare och revisionsintervall. I tandvården i Sverige idag används det ett flertal olika stödsystem eller riktlinjer för riskbedömning av oral hälsa. Syftet med studien var att ta reda på vilka stödsystem/riktlinjer som finns för riskbedömning av oral hälsa i Sverige idag och ge en beskrivning av de mest frekvent använda systemen samt göra en jämförelse av dessa. Syftet var också att undersöka huruvida dessa system är evidensbaserade och utvärderade samt att kartlägga kunskapsläget, gällande evidensbasering och utvärdering av stödsystem/riktlinjer, för riskbedömning av oral hälsa. För att skapa oss en allmän bild av stödsystem/riktlinjer för riskbedömning inleddes vårt arbete med en litteraturgenomgång. För att svara på frågeställningen om kunskapsläget över stödsystemens/riktlinjernas evidens och utvärdering, gjordes en systematisk litteraturöversikt. En kartläggning över Folktandvården och kontakt med Praktikertjänst gav oss en bild över vilka system som är aktuella i Sverige idag. För information om de utvalda systemen kontaktades så kallade nyckelpersoner för intervju. Data från intervjuerna har sedan analyserats i relation till vår litteraturgenomgång. Resultaten visar att Beslutsstöd R2 är det system som används mest frekvent inom Folktandvården. Andra förekommande system är Datorstödd Riskbedömning Effica och DentiGroup. Inom Praktikertjänst finns ett system tillgängligt för alla som använder sig av Opus journalsystem. Vår slutsats är att det vetenskapliga underlaget, gällande evidensbasering och utvärdering av stödsystem/riktlinjer, är bristfälligt.
Risk assessment is an essential part of dental practice today. Each patient should be assessed and stratified into a well defined group according to risk. This risk assessment should then affect the choice of prevention and treatment, and intervals for recalls and appropriate level of care. Today, in Swedish dental healthcare, different guidelines are being used as support in the assessment of a patient’s oral health. The aim of this study was to find out, compare and describe the most frequent used guidelines/systems for risk assessment of oral health in Sweden today. A second aim was to examine whether these systems are evidence-based and evaluated, and to identify existing knowledge about evidence-based supporting systems for risk assessment of oral health. A systematic review was made where articles published more than 10 years ago and papers which didn’t involve risk assessment of the whole patient were excluded. The Public Dental Service and Praktikertjänst were contacted and enquired about which systems if any were in use. For more in depth information on these systems, persons with key knowledge were interviewed. The information received was then analyzed in relation to the literature review. The results show that the system most frequently used in the Public Dental Service today is Beslutsstöd R2. Other computerbased systems are Datorstödd riskgruppering Effica and DentiGroup. In Praktikertjänst a system is available for all users of Opus Dental practice management system. Our conclusion is that the scientific evidence, regarding evidence-based and evaluation of support / guidelines are inadequate.

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Machado, Stacey Jerrick. "Reducing 30-Day Readmission Rates in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Patients." ScholarWorks, 2019. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/6609.

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Early avoidable 30-day post discharge readmission among patients diagnosed with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is associated with poor transition care processes. The purpose of this project was to analyze organizational system processes for admission and discharge transition care of patients diagnosed with COPD to identify key intervention strategies that could decrease the rate of 30-day post-discharge readmission by 1%. The project used the transitional care model as the framework to target specific care transition needs and create patient-centered, supportive, evidence-based relationships among the patient, the providers, the community, and the health care system to identify key intervention strategies for implementation. A retrospective chart review was conducted of transitional care management and care coordination practices of providers of patients diagnosed with COPD. Analysis of the data revealed that the local regional organization used a single, generic, computerized discharge planning and care transition process for patients diagnosed with COPD. As a result, missed opportunities to target a patient's specific care needs led to higher rates of readmission. The implications of the findings of this project for social change include identification of evidence-based recommendations and practices that could influence clinician practices and improve patient outcomes and the quality of health care delivery.

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Ayuk, Julius Nkongho. "A cross-sectional study of tuberculosis among workers in Tygerberg Academic Hospital, Western Cape province, South Africa." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/85836.

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Thesis (MMed)--Stellenbosch University, 2013.
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Introduction: The morbidity and mortality associated with tuberculosis (TB) disease is of grave consequences for the health and employment of afflicted individuals. Healthcare workers are identified amongst high risk groups in communities. The prevalence/incidence of TB is dependent on the presence of associated risk factors which varies in diversity and intensity in different communities and workplaces. Understanding the risk factors operating in any given environment is indispensable to any tuberculosis control programme. Objective: The objective of this study was to describe the occurrence and trends of TB disease as well as to determine the risk factors associated with the disease among Tygerberg hospital employees. Method: A cross-sectional descriptive study design with a nested case-control component was used to determine the occurrence (and trends) and risk factors of TB disease respectively. Occurrence and trends of tuberculosis: The frequencies, distribution and trends of TB disease from 2008 to 2011 were obtained by calculating and comparing the annual incidence rates for each variable. Cases were identified from the occupational health clinic TB register, while the various denominator data were obtained from the Human Resource database. Determination of risk factors: Cases were recruited from the occupational health clinic TB register and controls were randomly selected from unaffected workers during the study period. Self-administered risk factor questionnaires were completed by both cases and controls. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to determine the association between known and suspected risk factors and the occurrence of TB disease amongst employees. Results: Sixty six cases of TB disease occurred in the workforce during the study period resulting in an annual average incidence rate of 397/100,000 population (95% CI: 307/100,000-505/100,000). Twenty three (34.8%) of the 66 cases occurred in Housekeeping staff, making them the most affected sub-group [1181/100,000 population (95% CI: 747/100,000-1768/100,000)]. The rate of TB disease in nurses was 1.7 times (95%CI: 1.4-2.0) that of doctors. Workers in the 40-49 years age-group experienced the highest incidence [490/100,000 population (95%CI: 329.6/100,000-706.8/100,000)] of TB disease compared to the other age-groups. There was no obvious difference in gender occurrences. Disease rates varied among different racial groups, with the highest rate in black employees [1473/100,000 population, (95%CI: 924/100,000-1981/100,000)]. Distribution of TB disease in the institution was widespread, with security department being the most affected [2500/100,000 population (95%CI: 311/100,000- 9262/100,000)]. There was a downward but statistically insignificant (annual range 9-23; p=0.28) trend in the rate of disease occurrence over the study period. No previous training on TB prevention (OR: 2.97, 95% CI: 1.15 - 7.71), HIV (OR: 67.08, 95% CI: 7.54 – 596.64) and working without knowledge of TB risk profile of the workplace (OR: 8.66, 95% CI: 1.10 – 67.96) were associated with TB disease occurrence. Conclusion: Occurrence of TB disease among Tygerberg hospital employees was low compared to that of the general population of its drainage areas. Disease occurrence in the facility was wide and varied with respect to occupational groups, workplaces and time. Well-established risk factors for TB infection (and disease) were found to be determinants of disease occurrence in the facility.

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Kan, WaiKwong. "Hapsite (R) gas chromatography - mass spectrometry with solid phase microextraction /." Download the thesis in PDF, 2005. http://www.lrc.usuhs.mil/dissertations/pdf/Kan2005.pdf.

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Manivasagam, Karnica. "COMPARISON OF WRIST VELOCITY MEASUREMENT METHODS: IMU, GONIOMETER AND OPTICAL MOTION CAPTURE SYSTEM." Thesis, KTH, Medicinteknik och hälsosystem, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-287178.

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Repetitive tasks, awkward hand/wrist postures and forceful exertions are known risk factors for work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSDs) of the hand and wrist. WMSD is a major cause of long work absence, productivity loss, loss in wages and individual suffering. Currently available assessment methods of the hand/wrist motion have the limitations of being inaccurate, e.g. when using self-reports or observations, or expensive and resource-demanding for following analyses, e.g. when using the electrogoniometers. Therefore, there is a need for a risk assessment method that is easy-to-use and can be applied by both researchers and practitioners for measuring wrist angular velocity during an 8-hour working day. Wearable Inertial Measurement Units (IMU) in combination with mobile phone applications provide the possibility for such a method. In order to apply the IMU in the field for assessing the wrist velocity of different work tasks, the accuracy of the method need to be examined. Therefore, this laboratory experiment was conducted to compare a new IMU-based method with the traditional goniometer and standard optical motion capture system. The laboratory experiment was performed on twelve participants. Three standard hand movements, including hand/wrist motion of Flexion-extension (FE), Deviation, and Pronationsupination (PS) at 30, 60, 90 beat-per-minute (bpm), and three simulated work tasks were performed. The angular velocity of the three methods at 50th and 90th percentile were calculated and compared. The mean absolute error and correlation coefficient were analysed for comparing the methods. Increase in error was observed with increase in speed/bpm during the standard hand movements. For standard hand movements, comparison between IMUbyaxis and Goniometer had the smallest difference and highest correlation coefficient. For simulated work tasks, the difference between goniometer and optical system was the smallest. However, for simulated work tasks, the differences between the compared methods were in general much larger than the standard hand movements. The IMU-based method is seen to have potential when compared with the traditional measurement methods. Still, it needs further improvement to be used for risk assessment in the field.
Upprepade uppgifter, besvärliga hand- / handledsställningar och kraftfulla ansträngningar är kända riskfaktorer för arbetsrelaterade muskuloskeletala störningar (WMSD) i hand och handled. WMSD är en viktig orsak till lång frånvaro, produktivitetsförlust, löneförlust och individuellt lidande. För närvarande tillgängliga bedömningsmetoder för hand / handledsrörelser har begränsningarna att vara felaktiga, t.ex. när du använder självrapporter eller observationer, eller dyra och resurskrävande för följande analyser, t.ex. när du använder elektrogoniometrarna. Därför finns det ett behov av en riskbedömningsmetod som är enkel att använda och som kan användas av både forskare och utövare för att mäta handledens vinkelhastighet under en 8-timmars arbetsdag. Wearable Inertial Measuring Units (IMU) i kombination med mobiltelefonapplikationer ger möjlighet till en sådan metod. För att kunna använda IMU i fältet för att bedöma handledens hastighet för olika arbetsuppgifter måste metodens noggrannhet undersökas. Därför genomfördes detta laboratorieexperiment för att jämföra en ny IMU-baserad metod med den traditionella goniometern och det vanliga optiska rörelsefångningssystemet. Laboratorieexperimentet utfördes på tolv deltagare. Tre standardhandrörelser, inklusive hand / handledsrörelse av Flexion-extension (FE), Deviation och Pronation-supination (PS) vid 30, 60, 90 beat-per-minut (bpm) och tre simulerade arbetsuppgifter utfördes. Vinkelhastigheten för de tre metoderna vid 50: e och 90: e percentilen beräknades och jämfördes. Det genomsnittliga absoluta felet och korrelationskoefficienten analyserades för att jämföra metoderna. Ökning av fel observerades med ökning av hastighet/bpm under standardhandrörelserna. För standardhandrörelser hade jämförelsen mellan IMUbyaxis och Goniometer den minsta skillnaden och högsta korrelationskoefficienten. För simulerade arbetsuppgifter var skillnaden mellan goniometer och optiskt system den minsta. För simulerade arbetsuppgifter var dock skillnaderna mellan de jämförda metoderna i allmänhet mycket större än de vanliga handrörelserna. Den IMUbaserade metoden anses ha potential jämfört med traditionella mätmetoder. Ändå behöver det förbättras för att kunna användas för riskbedömning på fältet.

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Ibáñez, Sanz Gemma. "Personalització del cribratge del càncer colorectal." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/463076.

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INTRODUCCIÓ: La prova de detecció de sang oculta en femta és la prova de cribratge de càncer colorectal (CCR) més implementada a Europa. Tot i que aquesta ha demostrat reduir la mortalitat per CCR, encara dista de ser una prova perfecta donat el seu risc de resultats falsos positius i falsos negatius. Els efectes adversos del cribratge podrien reduir-se si coneguéssim els determinants associats a resultats falsos positius i negatius. A més, la identificació de polimorfismes genètics, en combinació amb altres biomarcadors moleculars i factors ambientals podria permetre personalitzar el cribratge poblacional. OBJECTIUS: 1) ldentificar els factors associats a un resultat fals positiu de la prova de detecció de sang oculta en femta immunològica (PDSOFi). 2) Determinar la proporció de resultats falsos negatius de la PDSOFi i explorar els seus determinants. 3) Elaborar un model de predicció de risc de CCR basat en població espanyola que combini la predisposició genètica juntament amb factors ambientals i antecedents familiars per estratificar la població en grups de risc de CCR. METODOLOGIA: Per respondre als primers dos objectius es van utilitzar dades del programa poblacional de cribratge de CCR que coordina l'lnstitut Català d'Oncologia. Es realitzaren dos estudis transversals amb participants en el cribratge que van obtenir un resultat positiu (n = 427) o negatiu (n = 218) en la PDSOFi i als que posteriorment se'ls va realitzar una colonoscopia i un qüestionari. Finalment, per respondre al tercer objectiu s'aprofitaren les dades de l'estudi MCC-Spain, que es un estudi de casos i controls multicèntric que va recollir 1.336 casos de CCR i 2.744 controls. De tots ells disposàvem d'un qüestionari epidemiologic i un array d'exoma que contenia 21 polimorfismes de nucleotid simple associats a risc de CCR. Amb aquestes dades varem desenvolupar un model de predicció de risc per estratificar la població en grups de risc de CCR. RESULTATS: Estudi 1: Mitjançant l'estudi que avalua el risc de resultats falsos positius en la PDSOFi, s'observa que les variables que van resultar ser determinants de fals positiu foren: ser dona, haver participat préviament en el cribratge, la presència d'hemorroides i/o fissura anal, així com prendre fàrmacs inhibidors de la bomba de protons. Estudi 2: A l'avaluar el risc de resultats falsos negatius en la PDSOFi, la proporció de falsos negatius observada va ser del 15,6%. L'hemoglobina fecal va ser indetectable en un 45,5% dels resultats i va ser inferior a 4 microgr. Hb/g en un 94,0% d'individus amb un resultat fals negatiu. Estudi 3: Vam observar que les variables (ajustades pel model basal) que es van associar de forma independent a CCR van ser: el nombre d'al·lels de risc, antecedents familiars de CCR, l'obesitat, l'activitat física, la ingesta de carn vermella i vegetals, i el no consum d'antiinflamatoris no esteroïdals. Els individus amb més de 25 al·lels de risc tenien un 82% més de risc que els individus amb menys de 19 al·lels de risc. CONCLUSIONS: 1. L'ús d'inhibidors de la bomba de protons durant la realització de la PDSOFi podria incrementar la probabilitat d'un resultat fals positiu. 2. Disminuïr el llindar de positivitat de la PDSOFi no detectaria més neoplàsia avançada i augmentaria els costos i els riscos innecessaris per als pacients. 3. El model de predicció del risc de CCR basat en població espanyola que combina la predisposició genètica amb factors ambientals i antecedents familiars podria ser útil per estratificar individus de risc.
INTRODUCCIÓN: La prueba de detección de sangre oculta en heces es la prueba de cribado de cáncer colorrectal (CCR) más implementada en Europa. Aunque ésta ha demostrado reducir la mortalidad por CCR, dista de ser una prueba perfecta dado su riesgo de resultados falsos positivos y falsos negativos. Los efectos adversos del cribado podrían reducirse si conociéramos los determinantes asociados a resultados falsos positivos y negativos. Además, la identificación de polimorfismos genéticos, en combinación con otros biomarcadores moleculares y factores ambientales podría permitir personalizar el cribado poblacional. OBJETIVOS: 1) ldentificar los factores asociados a un resultado falso positivo de la prueba de detección de sangre oculta en heces inmunológica (PDSOHi). 2) Determinar la proporción de resultados falsos negativos de la PDSOHi y explorar sus determinantes. 3) Elaborar un modelo de predicción de riesgo de CCR basado en población española que combine la predisposición genética junto con factores ambientales y antecedentes familiares para estratificar la población en grupos de riesgo de CCR. METODOLOGIA: Para responder a los primeros dos objetivos se utilizaron datos del programa poblacional de cribado de CCR que coordina el lnstituto Catalán de Oncología. Se realizaron dos estudios transversales con participantes en el cribado que obtuvieron un resultado positivo (n = 427) o negativo (n = 218) en la PDSOHi y a quienes posteriormente se les realizó una colonoscopia y un cuestionario. Finalmente, para responder al tercer objetivo se aprovecharon los datos del estudio MCC-Spain, que es un estudio de casos y controles multicentrico que recogió 1.336 casos de CCR y 2.744 controles. De todos ellos disponíamos de un cuestionario epidemiológico y un array de exoma que contenía 21 polimorfismos de nucleótido simple asociados a riesgo de CCR. Con estos datos pudimos desarrollar un modelo de predicción de riesgo para estratificar la población en grupos de riesgo de CCR. RESULTADOS: Estudio 1: Mediante el estudio que evaluó el riesgo de resultados falsos positivos en la PDSOHi, se observó que las variables que resultaron ser determinantes de falso positivo fueron: ser mujer, haber participado previamente en el cribado, la presencia de hemorroides y/o fisura anal, así como tomar fármacos inhibidores de la bomba de protones. Estudio 2: Al evaluar el riesgo de resultados falsos negativos en la PDSOHi, la proporción de falsos negativos observada fue del 15,6%. La hemoglobina fecal fue indetectable en un 45,5% de los resultados y fue inferior a 4 microgr. Hb/g en un 94,0% de individuos con un resultado falso negativo. Estudio 3: Se observó que las variables (ajustadas por el modelo basal) que se asociaron de forma independiente a CCR fueron: el numero de alelos de riesgo, antecedentes familiares de CCR, la obesidad, la actividad física, la ingesta de carne roja y vegetales, y el no consumo de antiinflamatorios no esteroideos. Los individuos con más de 25 alelos de riesgo tenían un 82% más de riesgo que los individuos con menos de 19 alelos de riesgo. CONCLUSIONES: 1. El uso de inhibidores de la bomba de protones durante la realización de la PDSOHi podría incrementar la probabilidad de un resultado falso positivo. 2. Disminuir el umbral de positividad de la PDSOHi no detectaría mas neoplasia avanzada y aumentaría los costes y los riesgos innecesarios para los pacientes. 3. El modelo de predicción del riesgo de CCR basado en población española que combina la predisposición genetica con factores ambientales y antecedentes familiares podría ser útil para estratificar individuos de riesgo.
INTRODUCTION: ln Europe, the most commonly implemented test to screen colorectal cancer (CCR) is the faecal occult blood test. Although it has shown to reduce CRC mortality, it is far from perfect because of its false positive and false negative results. The adverse effects of screening could be reduced if we knew the determinants associated with false positive and negative results. ln addition, the identification of genetic polymorphisms in combination with other molecular biomarkers and environmental factors could allow personalizing population screening. OBJECTIVES: 1) To identify the factors associated with a false positive result of the faecal immunochemical test (FlT). 2) To determine the false negative proportion in and to explore its determinants. 3) To develop a risk stratification model that combined environmental factors with family history and genetic susceptibility to stratify the population in risk groups of CRC. METHODOLOGY: ln order to respond to the first two objectives, the population of the CRC screening program coordinated by the Catalan lnstitute of Oncology was used. Two cross-sectional studies were performed with screening participants who had a positive (n = 427) or negative (n = 218) FlT result and who subsequently underwent a colonoscopy and a questionnaire. Finally, in order to respond to the third objective, data from the MCC-Spain study was used. This multicentre case-control study recollected an epidemiological questionnaire and an exoma array containing 21 simple nucleotide polymorphisms associated with CRC risk of 1,336 cases of CRC and 2,744 controls. With these data we developed a risk stratification model to stratify the population in groups at risk of CRC. RESULTS: Study 1: While evaluating factors associated with false-positive results in a CRC screening, the variables associated with a false-positive result were: women, successive screening, haemorrhoids and/or anal fissure and the use of proton pump inhibitors. Study 2: When analysing the risk of false negative results in the FlT, the false negative rate observed was 15.6%. Faecal haemoglobin was undetected in 45.5% and it was below 4 micrograms Hb/g in 94.0% of the individuals with a FN result. Study 3: The variables (adjusted by the baseline model) that were independently associated with CRC were: the number of risk alleles, family history of CRC, alcohol consumption, obesity, physical activity, red meat and vegetable intake, and nonsteroidal anti- inflammatory drug use. The risk of subjects with more than 25 risk alleles was 82% higher than subjects with less than 19 alleles. CONCLUSIONS: 1. Concurrent use of proton pump inhibitors at the time of FlT might increase the likelihood of a false-positive result. 2. Decreasing the positivity threshold of FlT does not increase the detection rate of advanced neoplasia, but may increase the costs and potential adverse effects. 3. A Spanish population-based CRC risk prediction model that combines genetic predisposition with environmental factors and family history may be useful for stratifying at-risk individuals.

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Razavi, Amir Reza. "Applications of Knowledge Discovery in Quality Registries - Predicting Recurrence of Breast Cancer and Analyzing Non-compliance with a Clinical Guideline." Doctoral thesis, Linköping : Univ, 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-10142.

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Pellfolk, Tony. "Physical restraint use and falls in institutional care of old people effects of a restraint minimization program /." Doctoral thesis, Umeå : Umeå universitet, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-31952.

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Ripka, Wagner Luis. "Modelos matemáticos para estimativa da gordura corporal de adolescentes utilizando dobras cutâneas, a partir da absorciometria de raios-X de dupla energia." Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná, 2017. http://repositorio.utfpr.edu.br/jspui/handle/1/2865.

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Introdução: Estudos têm encontrado uma transição da obesidade da população adulta para crianças e adolescentes, que por sua vez, pode acarretar manifestações clínicas, como: doenças coronarianas, diabetes tipo 2, e complicações psicossociais cada vez mais precocemente. Contudo, métodos para avaliação da composição corporal para essa faixa etária, principalmente envolvendo técnicas de baixo custo como as medidas de dobras cutâneas (DC) apresentam imprecisões em estudos brasileiros. Fator o qual pode levar a uma interpretação equivocada da composição corporal dos avaliados. Objetivo: desenvolver novos modelos matemáticos utilizando medidas de DC, tendo como referência a absorciometria de raios-X de dupla energia (DXA), para estimativa de massa de gordura (G) em adolescentes. Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo exploratório descritivo onde foram avaliados 416 adolescentes do gênero masculino de 12 a 17 anos, sendo 42 destinados para compor a amostra de validação da pesquisa. Foram coletadas medidas de massa corporal total, estatura, circunferência da cintura e quadril, nove pontos anatômicos baseados em DC: bíceps, tríceps, subescapular, peitoral, axilar média, abdominal, supra-ilíaca, coxa e panturrilha, além da G e densidade mineral óssea (DMO) aferida com a tecnologia de DXA. Para o desenvolvimento das equações foi utilizado um modelo de regressão linear múltipla através do método de mínimos quadrados ordinários (OLS). Resultados: O grupo apresentou índice de massa corporal (IMC) médio de 21,25±4,12kg/m² e %G = 20,57±5,80%. A partir do %G, a prevalência de excesso de gordura foi verificada em 38,3% dos adolescentes. O impacto da gordura na DMO dos adolescentes indicou uma associação na ordem de r = -0,358; p<0,005, sendo verificada redução de até 14% da DMO para a região da coluna em adolescentes com obesidade em comparação aos eutróficos. O desenvolvimento de novos modelos matemáticos que atendessem critérios de alto coeficiente de determinação (R²), baixo erro padrão de estimativa (EPE), controle de colinearidade, normalidades dos resíduos, homoscedasticidade e praticidade, possibilitaram a apresentação de três opções com R² = 0,932 e EPE 1,79; R² = 0,912 e EPE = 1,78; R² = 0,850 e EPE = 1,87, respectivamente. Em todas as opções, as variáveis idade e estatura foram empregadas, bem como as DC de tríceps e subescapular. Conclusão: Os resultados obtidos evidenciam a possibilidade de desenvolvimento de novos modelos matemáticos para a avaliação da gordura corporal em adolescentes com resultados superiores aos modelos existentes na literatura.
Introduction: Studies have found a transition from obesity of the adult population to children and adolescents, which in turn, can lead to clinical manifestations, such as: coronary diseases, type 2 diabetes, and psychosocial complications increasingly early. However, methods for evaluating nutritional status for this age group, mainly involving low cost techniques such as skinfold thickness measurements (ST), are imprecise in Brazilian studies. Factor which can lead to a mistaken interpretation of the body composition of the evaluated ones. Objective: To develop new mathematical models, based on DC measurements, based on dual energy X-rays absorptiometry (DXA), to estimate fat mass (G) in adolescents. Methods: This was an exploratory descriptive study in which 416 male adolescents aged 12 to 17 years were evaluated, 42 of whom were separated to compose the study validation sample. Measurements of total body mass, stature, waist and hip circumference were obtained, nine anatomical points based on ST: biceps, triceps, subscapular, pectoral, mid axillary, abdominal, suprailiac, thigh and calf muscles, as well as G and bone mineral density (BMD) measured with DXA technology. For the development of the equations, a multiple linear regression model was used by the ordinary least square (OLS) method. Results: The group had a mean body mass index (BMI) of 21.25± 4.12 kg / m² and %G = 20.57 ± 5.80%. From %G, the prevalence of excess fat was verified in 38.3% of adolescents. The impact of fat on adolescent BMD indicated an association in the order of r = -0.358; P <0.005, with BMD reduction up to 14% for the spine region in adolescents with obesity compared to eutrophic. The development of new mathematical models that meet criteria of high coefficient of determination (R²), low standard error of estimation (SEE), control of colinearity, residue normalities, homoscedasticity and practicality, allowed the presentation of three options with R² = 0.932 and SEE 1.79; R² = 0.912 and SEE = 1.78; R² = 0.850 and SEE = 1.87, respectively. In all the options, the variables age and height were employed, as well as triceps and subscapular ST. Conclusion: The results obtained evidenced the possibility of developing new mathematical models for the evaluation of body fat in adolescents with results superior to the existing models in the literature.

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Sehume, Odilia Monica Mamane. "Evidence-based guidelines to promote the health and safety of health care workers in selected public hospitals in the Tshwane health care district in Gauteng, South Africa." Thesis, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/22602.

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Text in English
The purpose of this research was to investigate occupational health and safety challenges and their impact on health care workers (HCWs) in selected public hospitals from the Gauteng Province, South Africa. Method: A quantitative descriptive cross-sectional survey was conducted among HCWs in the study sites. A two-staged sampling that include purposive sampling of study sites and census sampling of 2000 HCWs was used. Self-administered questionnaires were used to obtain data from HCWs. In addition, two different checklists were used to conduct retrospective records reviews to assess occupational health and safety (OHS) policy compliance and occupational injuries and diseases occurrence. The SAS Release 9.3 was used to analyse data. The Fischer Exact test and Chi-square were also used to determine the association of variables and P-value was set at <0.05 to indicate significant association. Results: A total of eight public hospitals and 926 (46.3%) HCWs who were all females nurses participated in this survey. Major occupational health hazards reported by the participants include: needle-stick injuries 275 (54.67%), slips trips and falls 67 (13.32%) and splashes 57 (11.33%). The analysis of open-ended responses indicated increased workloads, long hours of work and shift work as the most reported psychosocial hazards among HCWs. The reviewed records indicated that back injuries 22 (4.37%), tuberculosis (TB) 17 (3.38%) and asthmatic reactions 8 (1.59%) were the commonly reported occupational injuries and diseases among the HCWs. The records review also revealed a lack in the conducting of adequate medical surveillance among participants. The results showed poor compliance with the OHS policy and a negative impact of biological and psychosocial hazards on the HCWs. Conclusion: There was a high risk of exposures to biological hazards whilst providing care to patients, thus warranting the implementation of robust preventive measures. As a result, the guidelines were developed to promote the health and safety of HCWs with a view to promoting policy compliance and preventing the occurrence of occupational injuries and diseases as well as their impact among HCWs.
Health Studies
D.Litt et Phil. (Health Studies)

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Hsu, Chen-Feng, and 許振鋒. "The assessment of health risk nursing personnel in handling patients." Thesis, 2007. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/28341985954600425042.

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碩士
大仁科技大學
環境管理研究所
95
To evaluate the health risk of nursing personnel in handling patients by questionnaires、survey and monitoring. The clinical nursing personnel with more than one year work experience are the objects studied. The questionnaires including musculoskeletal disorder （MSDs） checklist and Noridc Musculoskeletal Questionnaire （NMQ） were used to obtain the information about the prevail rate of musculoskeletal disorders and the body position 、work posture. Job analysis was carried out by screening survey. The Electromyography （EMG） used in monitoring. This research sends out 900 questionnaires totally, recovering 433 questionnaires （the recovery rate is 48.1%）. The prevail rate of musculoskeletal disorders from the NMQ questionnaire was 98.95%. The results from MSDs checklist showed that the scores in A Table and B Table were 10.0 and 18.0. The maximal voluntary contraction（MVC） value in handling patients is almost higher than 40%.The larger the angle of turning from one side to the other is, the stronger musculoskeletal strength is. The height of sick bed was set up in the most frequently used position will reduce strength of vertical handling and increase the convenience of work. The prevail rate of musculoskeletal disorders for nursing personnel by self-reported is higher than others and the MVC value of monitoring in handling clients is also obviously higher than the standard value（15%）proposed by OSHA.

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Kennedy, Muthoka Joseph. "Exploring the practice of HIV self-testing among health care workers at Nyeri Provincial Hospital in Kenya." Diss., 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/12064.

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The purpose of the study was to describe the determinants and practice of HIV self-testing among health care workers (HCWs) in Nyeri provincial hospital, Kenya. A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted to determine the rate of HIV self-testing, explore the factors influencing the practice and describe access to HIV psychosocial support, care and treatment. The study was guided by the concepts of the protection motivation theory. Data was collected from 348 HCWs and analysed by means of logistic regression. Results showed that 65.8% of the HCWs had practiced HIV self-testing among themselves. Age, self efficacy and response efficacy were found to be significant predictors of HIV self-testing. Willingness to access HIV psychosocial support (71.3%) and care and treatment (73.9%) was high. Self-testing is highly practiced by HCWs.
HIV self-testing among health care workers at Nyeri Provincial Hospital in Kenya
HIV self-testing among health care workers
Public Health
M.A. (Public Health)

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Muthoka, Joseph Kennedy. "Exploring the practice of HIV self-testing among health care workers at Nyeri Provincial Hospital in Kenya." Diss., 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/12064.

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The purpose of the study was to describe the determinants and practice of HIV self-testing among health care workers (HCWs) in Nyeri provincial hospital, Kenya. A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted to determine the rate of HIV self-testing, explore the factors influencing the practice and describe access to HIV psychosocial support, care and treatment. The study was guided by the concepts of the protection motivation theory. Data was collected from 348 HCWs and analysed by means of logistic regression. Results showed that 65.8% of the HCWs had practiced HIV self-testing among themselves. Age, self efficacy and response efficacy were found to be significant predictors of HIV self-testing. Willingness to access HIV psychosocial support (71.3%) and care and treatment (73.9%) was high. Self-testing is highly practiced by HCWs.
Public Health
M.A. (Public Health)

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Sardo, Pedro Miguel Garcez. "Pressure ulcer (Risk) assessment: Clinical nursing research." Doctoral thesis, 2017. https://repositorio-aberto.up.pt/handle/10216/104086.

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Sardo, Pedro Miguel Garcez. "Pressure ulcer (Risk) assessment: Clinical nursing research." Tese, 2017. https://repositorio-aberto.up.pt/handle/10216/104086.

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Garbharran, Dinesh Hari Lall. "The relationship between modifiable health risk factors and health care costs for individuals who have completed a health risk assessment questionnaire for a South African health insurance scheme." Thesis, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10539/11400.

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M.Sc., Faculty of Science, University of the Witwatersrand, 2011
Health care funders are seeking managed health care interventions to contain medical inflation. The purpose of this study is to assess the relationship between three health risk factors (smoking status, physical activity and body mass index (BMI)) and inpatient costs among health risk assessment (HRA) respondents at a South African health insurer. The results could inform the design of wellness programmes by ensuring that appropriate health risk factors are being targeted to reduce inpatient costs. This study utilises a two-part regression model to explore the relationships between the health risk factors and inpatient costs. The combined results of the two-part regression model indicate that increasing levels of physical activity and decreasing levels of BMI are associated with lower likelihoods of hospitalisation and lower magnitudes of inpatient costs for those that had a non-zero claim. The results of this study indicate no association between smoking cessation and lower inpatient costs.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Medical personnel Health risk assessment'

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