Relevant bibliographies by topics / Medical Machines

Academic literature on the topic 'Medical Machines'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 10 December 2022
Last updated: 28 January 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Medical Machines"

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Hosseini, *. Syed Abbas. "Estimation Risk of X-Ray Machines From Medical Procedures." International Journal of Scientific Research 3, no. 2 (June 1, 2012): 418–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.15373/22778179/feb2014/137.

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Wartman, Steven A. "Medicine, Machines, and Medical Education." Academic Medicine 96, no. 7 (March 30, 2021): 947–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/acm.0000000000004113.

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MANABE, H. "Consideration of Medical-Machines Central Managenent." JAPANES JOURNAL OF MEDICAL INSTRUMENTATION 60, no. 3 (March 1, 1990): 121–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.4286/ikakikaigaku.60.3_121.

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Holzman, Robert S. "Anesthesia Machines." AORN Journal 52, no. 1 (July 1990): 69–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0001-2092(07)67286-x.

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Miller, D. Douglas, and Eric W. Brown. "How Cognitive Machines Can Augment Medical Imaging." American Journal of Roentgenology 212, no. 1 (January 2019): 9–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.2214/ajr.18.19914.

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Scislo, Lukasz, and Nina Szczepanik-Scislo. "Influence of mechanical ventilation and cooling systems on vibrations of high precision machines." E3S Web of Conferences 100 (2019): 00080. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/201910000080.

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The aim of the research was to describe the effects that air and water cooling systems can have on the dynamic behaviour of precise machines. Although much thought is paid to vibration isolation of the ground and isolation of individual effects of machines operating close to each other, it is often forgotten to model or to measure the effects that the ventilation or the machines cooling systems have on the machine itself. This can be especially important for high precision machines used for experimental research and medical equipment. The article shows the effects of ventilation and cooling system on the induction of additional resonant frequencies of the system for the high precision machine like a linear collider. This kind of machine requires special environmental conditions to assure proper beam stability. Due to the dynamic behaviour of typical machines, the presence of the new high amplitude frequencies in the 0-100 Hz range is very dangerous for its stability of work. In the case of high precision machines, it is not only a cause of not optimal working conditions but very often is a cause of serious problems.
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SAKAMOTO, RYOSUKE. "Respondence of medical machines for open heart surgery." Japanese journal of extra-corporeal technology 17, no. 1 (1991): 39–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.7130/hokkaidoshakai.17.39.

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Bentaouza, Chahinez Meriem, and Mohamed Benyettou. "Support Vector Machines for Microscopic Medical Images Compression." Pakistan Journal of Biological Sciences 17, no. 3 (February 15, 2014): 335–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.3923/pjbs.2014.335.345.

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Ellaway, Rachel H. "Medical education and the war with the machines." Medical Teacher 36, no. 10 (September 12, 2014): 917–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/0142159x.2014.955088.

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Basoglu, Chris, Ravi Managuli, George York, and Yongmin Kim. "Computing requirements of modern medical diagnostic ultrasound machines." Parallel Computing 24, no. 9-10 (September 1998): 1407–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0167-8191(98)00064-7.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Medical Machines"

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Tjora, Aksel Hagen. "Caring machines : Emerging practices of work and coordination in the use of medical emergency communication technology." Doctoral thesis, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Faculty of Social Sciences and Technology Management, 1997. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:no:ntnu:diva-13.

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Stadig mer forskning fokuserer på utviklingen og bruken av teknologi, ikke minst i forbindelse med den stadige mer utbredte bruken av informasjons- og kommunikasjonsteknologi. Mange av disse studiene har vært motivert av ønsket om å vise til de fantastiske mulighetene som organisasjoner (særlig bedrifter) har ved å nyttiggjøre seg nyvinningene (se f.eks. Davidow og Malone, 1992 og Scott Morton, 1991). Mange samfunnsvitenskapelige studier har imidlertid inntatt en mye mer kritisk holdning til de teknologiske nyvinningene. Innenfor sosiologien er det flere slike tilnærminger.

Sosiologiske perspektiver på teknologi

I de funksjonalistiske tilnærmingene fokuseres det på hvilke effekter de tekniske systemene har på brukerne av dem, og spesielt hvordan alle systemer medfører uintenderte konsekvenser, blant annet ved at de nye systemenes latente funksjoner (Merton, 1967) trer fram i dagen etterhvert som systemene kommer i bruk. I disse studiene betrakter man de tekniske systemene som makrostrukturer som følger sin egen utvikling mer eller mindre uavhengig av brukerne (dvs de er teknologideterministiske).

I Marxistiske tilnærminger unngår man en ensidig determinisme ved at teknologiene antas å være i dialektisk motsetning til de sosiale systemene. Spesielt betraktes teknologiske nyvinninger som kapitalistenes middel for å beholde sitt herredømme over arbeiderklassen. I nyere perspektiver (se f.eks. Winner, 1977; 1986, Hirschorn, 1984; Feenberg, 1991) påpeker man at det er de kulturelle verdiene som er knyttet til teknologidesign som medfører uheldige konsekvenser (som for eksempel degradering av arbeidskraft), og ikke teknologien i seg selv.

Tilsvarende fokuserer de sosialkonstruktivistiske studiene (Bijker, Hughes og Pinch, 1987; Bijker og Law, 1992; Law, 1991) på hvordan den teknologiske utviklingen eller de teknologiske nnovasjonene ikke følger naturlige utviklingsveier, men konstrueres i nettverk av aktører som hver på sin måte presser fram sine interesser i forhold til et teknologisk artefakt. Mange av konstruktivistene benekter et skille mellom tekniske og sosiale systemer (eller aktører). De mener at det er umulig å egentlig separere det tekniske og sosiale, og velger i stedet å betrakte de totale relasjonene som et sømløst vev. Konstruktivistene bruker spesielt historiske studier av teknologi-utvikling for å identifisere aktører i slike vev, og dermed undersøke hva som ligger bak de løsninger som velges i utviklingen av tekniske artefakter.

I de senere årene er det blitt flere forskere som ved å bruke etnografiske studier av teknologisk praksis undersøker hvordan tekniske og sosiale aktører samhandler. I disse studiene er man i motsetning til de konstruktivistiske tilnærmingene mer opptatt av bruken av teknologi enn utviklingen av den. Men i samme ånd som konstruktivistene er man opptatt av å vise hvordan den teknologiske praksis i sterk grad utvikles ved hjelp av sosiale mekanismer, for eksempel i arbeidsgrupper, og hvordan tekniske praksisimperativer rekonstrueres i daglig sosial praksis (se f.eks. Suchman, 1987; Hutchins, 1988; 1990; 1995; Hutchins og Klausen, 1996; Heath og Luff, 1992; 1996; Orr, 1996; Engeström og Middleton, 1996).

Alle disse tilnærmingene har viktige bidrag til sosiologiske studier av utvikling og bruk av teknologi. Imidlertid ser det ut til at det er vanskelig å skape en teoretisk syntese av teorier som bygger på såpass forskjellige antakelser. I denne avhandlingen kombinerer jeg imidlertid deler fra teoriene ved et feltstudium der én type teknologi benyttes i flere ulike kontekster, slik at både aktør-perspektiver og struktur-perspektiver blir relevante. Et empirisk felt som gir denne muligheten er bruken av medisinske nødmeldesentraler i Norge.


The study of technology has recently become more focused in various schools of sociology. However, Marxist, functionalist, social constructivist, and ethnographic research, have tended to explain technological development either from macro or micro perspectives. Further research is needed to increase our understanding of technology as situated in its social and institutional contexts, where individual and professional relations are considered. In this thesis, elements from several approaches are applied to the study of communication technology in Norwegian medical emergency communication centres.

About ten years ago, LV (doctor-on-call) centres, each manned by one nurse to handle local requests for a doctor, were established in nursing homes. AMK (acute medical communication) centres were introduced in hospitals, and are manned by teams of two to four nurses and ambulance coordinators to handle medical emergency calls (113), internal hospital alarms and local requests for a doctor. Even though the intensity and work loads are very different between the LV and AMK centres, the technical artefacts that are used are basically similar in both types of centre.

Using a comparative case approach, the use of technology was studied through interviews with nurses, doctors and administrative personnel and by observations of the work in six LV and three AMK centres.

There are three main findings in this thesis. First, the operation of LV centres in nursing homes conflicts with the general nursing home practice, and many LV centres are redefined by its users as switchboards to decrease the burden that is placed upon them.

Second, the nurses who work with requests for doctors in a similar way in the AMK centres in fact manage to solve many problems on the phone. The thesis discusses how these differences have emerged from performing the same job with the same technological tools.

Third, the handling of emergency calls at the AMK centres is accomplished through intense social and technically coordinated work. An ideal model of this kind of coordination, “the coordinated climate”, is developed from the observations in the AMK centres, and results from control room studies are applied.

The three findings are summarised in a discussion of how structures constrain and facilitate social and technological practice.

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Yao, Jing M. Eng Massachusetts Institute of Technology. "Reduce cycle time and work in process in a medical device factory : scheduling of needle hub molding machines." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/42326.

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Thesis (M. Eng.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, 2007.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 51).
Many manufacturing firms have improved their operations by implementing a work-in-process (WIP) limiting control strategy. This project explores the application of this concept to limit WIP and reduce cycle time for the Becton, Dickinson and Company's manufacturing facility in Tuas, Singapore. BD's Eclipse Safety Needle production line is facing increasing pressure to reduce its high WIP and long cycle times. With the forecast of increasing demand, the current production control practice will sooner or later push the shop floor space to a limit. We divided the overall system into three manageable sub-systems and analyzed different strategies for each. This paper documents the approaches to schedule 30 molding machines. These machines are located at the first stage of the production line. Although the total production rate of the 30 machines is higher than the downstream machines, the production rate of each product type is much slower because of machine constraints. This project groups the 30 machines into three groups, and proposes different strategies to reduce the total WIP level and cycle time.
by Jing Yao.
M.Eng.
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Taylor, Ashley Rae. "Innovating for Global Health through Community-Based Participatory Research: Design of Mechanical Suction Machines for Rural Health Clinics in Malawi." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/72975.

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Clinicians in low and middle-income countries (LMIC) face many challenges, including high patient-to-staff ratios, limited resources, and inconsistent access to electricity. This research aimed to improve health outcomes in LMIC through an enlightened understanding of challenges associated with healthcare technology. To understand LMIC barriers to acquiring, maintaining, and repairing medical equipment, a community-based participatory study was conducted at three clinical settings in southern Malawi. Thirty-six clinical staff participated in surveys and focus groups to provide information on medical device challenges. Results from the study emphasize the importance of community-based participatory innovation to improve global health. Many clinical staff expressed frustration regarding inability to prevent patient mortality attributed to equipment failure. Data from the community-based participatory study of medical technology conducted in Malawi revealed key insights for designing for low and middle income countries, and more specifically, for communities in southern Malawi. Specifically, partner communities identified mechanical suction machines as a top priority for design innovation. Working with technical and clinical staff in Malawian communities, a prototype mechanical suction machine was designed and constructed. This work suggests that engineers working in low and middle income countries face a unique sundry of design requirements that require an intimate understanding of the local community, including community leaders, community beliefs and values, and locally available resources. Technology innovation for global health should incorporate community expertise and assets, and health and technical education efforts should be developed to increase working knowledge of medical devices.
Master of Science
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Osman, Mohamud Maria, and Ubilla Fernanda Sanchez. "Ultraljudsutbildningar för medicintekniska ingenjörer : Behovsinventering, inköpsprocedurer och effekter." Thesis, KTH, Medicinteknik och hälsosystem, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-298194.

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Denna studie syftar till att undersöka hur ultraljudsutbildningar för ingenjörer köps in, vad de innehåller, hur de genomförs, utvärderas och vilka resultatutbildningarna leder till. Totalt intervjuades sex sjukhus runt om i Sverige där elva medicintekniska ingenjörer och fyra verksamhetschefer deltog. En kvalitativ metod användes i studien i form av semistrukturerade intervjuer som grund för att analysera frågeställningarna. Resultatet visade att utbildningar köps in i upphandling av nya ultraljudsmaskiner och genomförs under garantiåren. Utbildningarna hålls av leverantörerna och de brukar vara i två dagar. Effekterna av utbildningarna varierar och beror på vilket serviceavtal som sjukhusen har. Det saknas en formell modell för utvärdering och uppföljning, trots det faktum att det i årliga möten diskuteras hur utbildningarna har gått och vilka kompetenser som behövs. Resultatet från studien kan främst användas i syfte att skapa bättre utbildningar, underlätta kommunikationen mellan sjukhus och leverantör om vad kursen innebär, samt vad ingenjörerna föredrar för innehåll i kurser för att kunna utvecklas inom ultraljud.
This study aims to investigate how ultrasound training for engineers is purchased, including how it is carried out and evaluated, what the different courses contain and what result the courses lead to. Six hospitals around Sweden were interviewed, where eleven medical engineers and four business managers participated. A qualitative method was used in the study with semi-structured interviews as a basis for analysing the issues. The results showed that the training courses are purchased in the procurement of new ultrasound machines and are carried out during the warranty years. The suppliers hold the training courses, which are usually held for two days. The effects of training vary and depend on the service agreement that the hospitals have. There is no formal model for evaluation and follow-up, even though annual meetings discuss how the training has gone and what skills are needed. The results can mainly be used to create better training and improve communication between hospital and supplier about what the course entails and what the engineers prefer for the content of courses to develop in the area.
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Boaretto, Neury. "Classificação de defeitos de soldagem em imagens radiográficas PDVD de tubulações de petróleo: uma abordagem com ensemble de Extreme Learning Machines." Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná, 2014. http://repositorio.utfpr.edu.br/jspui/handle/1/2890.

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A inspeção de defeitos de soldagem em imagens radiográficas de tubulações é bastante subjetiva e está sujeita a erros de interpretação por parte do inspetor laudista. Dentro desse contexto, nos últimos anos tem-se visto um grande esforço no desenvolvimento de métodos automáticos e semiautomáticos de detecção de defeitos em juntas soldadas. Este trabalho apresenta um método automatizado para detecção e classificação de defeitos em imagens radiográficas de juntas soldadas de tubulações obtidas pela técnica de exposição radiográfica parede dupla vista dupla (PDVD), obtidas em reais situações de campo e que, geralmente, têm uma qualidade mais baixa do que as imagens usadas em outros estudos. O método proposto identifica na imagem a região do cordão de solda, detecta as descontinuidades e classifica as mesmas em defeitos e não defeitos, destacando na imagem o resultado. São avaliados classificadores a partir de métodos de classificação por redes neurais Multilayer Perceptron (MLP), redes neurais Extreme Learning Machines (ELM) e classificador estatístico Support Vector Machines (SVM). O método proposto para identificação da região de interesse atingiu 100% de precisão na segmentação do cordão de solda. O classificador SVM apresentou um desempenho melhor que os classificadores MLP e ELM em todos os cenários testados. Com a utilização de ensembles de ELMs obteve-se um F-score de 85,7% para o banco de padrões de teste, resultados satisfatórios quando comprados com trabalhos semelhantes. O uso de ensembles de ELMs representa um ganho de apenas 0,5% no F-score em comparação com o melhor resultado de rede treinada individualmente, entretanto, com o uso de faixas de limiares de decisão do ensemble, o uso do método permite mostrar as descontinuidades sobre as quais o ensemble não tem certeza, destacando na imagem estas descontinuidades. A imagem resultate da aplicação do método serve como auxílio ao especialista na elaboração de laudos.
The inspection of radiographic images of welded joints is very subjective and is subject to errors of interpretation by the inspector. In this context, a great effort has been made in the last years to develop automatic and semiautomatic methods for detecting defects in welded joints. This research work presents an automated method for the detection and classification of defects in radiographic images of welded joints of pipes obtained by the double wall double image (DWDI) exposure technique obtained in real field situations and which generally have a lower quality than the images used in other studies. The proposed methos identifies the region of the weld bead, detects the discontinuities and classifies them as defects and non-defects, highlighting in the image the result. Classifiers are evalueted using methods of classification by multilayer perceptron (MLP) neural networks, extreme learning machines (ELM) neural networks, and Support Vector Machines (SVM). The proposed method for identifying the region of interest reached 100% precision in the segmentation od the weld bead. The SVM classifier performed better than the MLP and ELM classifiers in all scenarios tested. Using ELM ensembles, an F_score of 85,7% was obtained for a test patterns database, satisfactoryresults when compared to similar works. The use of ensembles of ELMs represents a gain of only 0,5% in the F-score compared to the best result of the individually trained network, however, with the use of ensemble decision threshold ranges, the presented method allows to show the discontinuities about which the ensemble is not sure, highlighting in the image these discontinuities as a region of uncertainty, leaving to the specialist the final evaluation of these discontinuities. The image resulting from the application of the method serves as an aid to the expert in the elaboration of reports.
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Veropoulos, Konstantinos. "Machine learning approaches to medical decision making." Thesis, University of Bristol, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.367661.

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Smyth, Katherine Marie. "Piezoelectric micro-machined ultrasonic transducers for medical imaging." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/108938.

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Thesis: Ph. D., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Mechanical Engineering, 2017.
Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 175-184).
Next generation medical imaging technology hinges on the development of cost effective and array compatible transducers making piezoelectric micro-machined ultrasonic transducers (pMUTs) an attractive alternative to the current bulk piezoelectric technology. This thesis aims to realize pMUT potential starting with the development of an effective single cell model that is further scaled to optimize multi-cell elements in a 1D array. In the first half of this work, a transverse mode, lead zirconate titanate (PZT) pMUT plate cell is fabricated using common micro-fabrication techniques and a PZT sol-gel deposition process. Through derivation using a novel Greens function solution technique, an equivalent circuit model with explicitly defined lumped parameters is presented and validated through electrical impedance measurements of fabricated devices and finite element modeling. The equivalent circuit is a crucial design tool as transducer performance metrics, including experimentally validated acoustic domain values, are shown to be defined directly from the lumped parameters. In the second half, figures of merit are identified from these performance metrics and an expanded multi-cell model is employed to strategically target improvements in both bandwidth and coupling while maintaining high pressure output. The resulting, optimized multicell elements in a 1D array are fabricated via a commercially viable, wafer-scale manufacturing process including a novel PZT dry etch. A top-down fabrication approach facilitates achievement of the largest active area of a multi-cell pMUT to date consisting of over 1000 cells in a 200pm x 4mm element footprint, and more substantially, results in the highest electromechanical coupling recorded for a pMUT to date measured at 9 ± 1.4% per element.
by Katherine Marie Smyth.
Ph. D.
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Chi, Chih-Lin Street William N. "Medical decision support systems based on machine learning." Iowa City : University of Iowa, 2009. http://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/283.

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Chi, Chih-Lin. "Medical decision support systems based on machine learning." Diss., University of Iowa, 2009. https://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/283.

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This dissertation discusses three problems from different areas of medical research and their machine learning solutions. Each solution is a distinct type of decision support system. They show three common properties: personalized healthcare decision support, reduction of the use of medical resources, and improvement of outcomes. The first decision support system assists individual hospital selection. This system can help a user make the best decision in terms of the combination of mortality, complication, and travel distance. Both machine learning and optimization techniques are utilized in this type of decision support system. Machine learning methods, such as Support Vector Machines, learn a decision function. Next, the function is transformed into an objective function and then optimization methods are used to find the values of decision variables to reach the desired outcome with the most confidence. The second decision support system assists diagnostic decisions in a sequential decision-making setting by finding the most promising tests and suggesting a diagnosis. The system can speed up the diagnostic process, reduce overuse of medical tests, save costs, and improve the accuracy of diagnosis. In this study, the system finds the test most likely to confirm a diagnosis based on the pre-test probability computed from the patient's information including symptoms and the results of previous tests. If the patient's disease post-test probability is higher than the treatment threshold, a diagnostic decision will be made, and vice versa. Otherwise, the patient needs more tests to help make a decision. The system will then recommend the next optimal test and repeat the same process. The third decision support system recommends the best lifestyle changes for an individual to lower the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). As in the hospital recommendation system, machine learning and optimization are combined to capture the relationship between lifestyle and CVD, and then generate recommendations based on individual factors including preference and physical condition. The results demonstrate several recommendation strategies: a whole plan of lifestyle changes, a package of n lifestyle changes, and the compensatory plan (the plan that compensates for unwanted lifestyle changes or real-world limitations).
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Letzner, Josefine. "Analysis of Emergency Medical Transport Datasets using Machine Learning." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för datavetenskap och kommunikation (CSC), 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-215162.

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The selection of hospital once an ambulance has picked up its patient is today decided by the ambulance staff. This report describes a supervised machinelearning approach for predicting hospital selection. This is a multi-classclassification problem. The performance of random forest, logistic regression and neural network were compared to each other and to a baseline, namely the one rule-algorithm. The algorithms were applied to real world data from SOS-alarm, the company that operate Sweden’s emergency call services. Performance was measured with accuracy and f1-score. Random Forest got the best result followed by neural network. Logistic regression exhibited slightly inferior results but still performed far better than the baseline. The results point toward machine learning being a suitable method for learning the problem of hospital selection.
Beslutet om till vilket sjukhus en ambulans ska köra patienten till bestäms idag av ambulanspersonalen. Den här rapporten beskriver användandet av övervakad maskininlärning för att förutsåga detta beslut. Resultaten från algoritmerna slumpmässig skog, logistisk regression och neurala nätvärk jämförs med varanda och mot ett basvärde. Basvärdet erhölls med algorithmen en-regel. Algoritmerna applicerades på verklig data från SOS-alarm, Sveriges operatör för larmsamtal. Resultaten mättes med noggrannhet och f1-poäng. Slumpmässigskog visade bäst resultat följt av neurala nätverk. Logistisk regression uppvisade något sämre resultat men var fortfarande betydligt bättre än basvärdet. Resultaten pekar mot att det är lämpligt att använda maskininlärning för att lära sig att ta beslut om val av sjukhus.
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Books on the topic "Medical Machines"

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Robert, Bud, Finn Bernard S. 1932-, and Trischler Helmuth, eds. Manifesting medicine: Bodies and machines. Amsterdam, the Netherlands: Harwood Academic, 1999.

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1973-, Johnson Ericka, and Berner Boel, eds. Technology and medical practice: Blood, guts and machines. Farnham: Ashgate, 2009.

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Biohybrid systems: Nerves, interfaces, and machines. Weinheim: Wiley-VCH, 2011.

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Bueltzingsloewen, Isabelle von. Machines à instruire, machines à guérir: Les hôpitaux universitaires et la médicalisation de la société allemande (1730-1850). Lyon: Presses universitaires de Lyon, 1997.

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An empire of machines: The rise and consequences of technological medicine. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2009.

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Tjora, Aksel Hagen. Caring machines: Emerging practices of work and coordination in the use of medical emergency communication technology. Trondheim: Faculty of Social Sciences and Technology Management, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 1997.

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Lobanov, Aleksey. Medical and biological bases of safety. ru: INFRA-M Academic Publishing LLC., 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/1439619.

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The textbook considers the subject and tasks of the discipline, highlights the medical and biological foundations of ensuring human security in the conditions of natural, man-made and biological-social emergencies, as well as when using modern weapons of destruction by a probable enemy. Briefly, but quite informative, the structure of the human body and the basics of its functioning are described. The specificity and mechanism of the toxic effect of harmful substances on a person, the energy effect and the combined effect of the main damaging factors of the sources of emergency situations of peacetime and wartime are shown. The article highlights the medical and biological aspects of ensuring the safe life of people in adverse environmental conditions, including in regions with hot and cold climates (the Arctic). The methods of forecasting and assessing the medical situation in emergency zones and lesions are presented. The means and methods of medical and biological protection and first aid to the affected are shown. The main tasks and organizational structure of formations and institutions of the medical rescue service of the GO, the All-Russian Service of Disaster Medicine and medical formations of the EMERCOM of Russia are considered. Organizational issues of medical and biological protection in emergency situations are highlighted. The features of the organization of medical support for those affected by terrorist attacks are considered. It is intended for students and cadets of educational institutions of higher education studying under the bachelor's degree program in the following areas of training: "Technosphere security", "Infocommunication technologies and communication systems", "Information systems and technologies", "State and municipal management", "Economics", "Mechatronics and robotics", "Operation of transport and technological machines and complexes", "Informatics and computer engineering", "Air Navigation", "System analysis and management". It can also be useful for researchers and a wide range of specialists engaged in practical work on planning and organizing medical and biological protection of the population.
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The body electric: How strange machines built the modern American. New York: New York University Press, 2003.

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van Rysewyk, Simon Peter, and Matthijs Pontier, eds. Machine Medical Ethics. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-08108-3.

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Rivalland, Paul. It's more than machines and medicine: They should understand, there's a Yan̲angu way : summary report : a short report ... on the activities of Western Desert Nganampa Walytja Palyantjaku Tjutaku. Casuarina, N.T: Cooperative Research Centre for Aboriginal Health, 2006.

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Book chapters on the topic "Medical Machines"

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Böckler, Ulrich, and Andreas Hahn. "Heart—Lung Machines." In Springer Handbook of Medical Technology, 621–39. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-74658-4_32.

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Lucas, Joshua, and Gary Comstock. "Do Machines Have Prima Facie Duties?" In Machine Medical Ethics, 79–92. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-08108-3_6.

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Deutsch, Erwin, and Hans-Ludwig Schreiber. "Clinics, Machines and Employees." In Medical Responsibility in Western Europe, 397–403. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-70449-9_39.

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Deutsch, Erwin, and Hans-Ludwig Schreiber. "Clinics, Machines and Employees." In Medical Responsibility in Western Europe, 442–46. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-70449-9_45.

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Henschke, Adam. "Opportunity Costs: Scarcity and Complex Medical Machines." In Machine Medical Ethics, 131–50. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-08108-3_9.

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Grando, Adela, Laura Moss, Gemma Bel-Enguix, M. Dolores Jiménez-López, and John Kinsella. "Argumentation-Based Dialogue Systems for Medical Training." In Where Humans Meet Machines, 213–32. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-6934-6_10.

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Bošković, Dušanka. "Inspection and Testing of Dialysis Machines." In Inspection of Medical Devices, 203–20. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-6650-4_10.

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Gunkel, David J. "The Rights of Machines: Caring for Robotic Care-Givers." In Machine Medical Ethics, 151–66. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-08108-3_10.

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Hartmann, Kim, Ingo Siegert, and Dmytro Prylipko. "Emotion and Disposition Detection in Medical Machines: Chances and Challenges." In Machine Medical Ethics, 317–39. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-08108-3_19.

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Vallverdú, Jordi, and David Casacuberta. "Ethical and Technical Aspects of Emotions to Create Empathy in Medical Machines." In Machine Medical Ethics, 341–62. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-08108-3_20.

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Conference papers on the topic "Medical Machines"

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Yepes-Calderon, Fernando, Fabian Pedregosa, Bertrand Thirion, Yalin Wang, and Natasha Lepore. "Automatic pathology classification using a single feature machine learning support - vector machines." In SPIE Medical Imaging, edited by Stephen Aylward and Lubomir M. Hadjiiski. SPIE, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2043943.

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Powell, Stephanie, Vincent A. Magnotta, and Nancy C. Andreasen. "Automated image segmentation using support vector machines." In Medical Imaging, edited by Josien P. W. Pluim and Joseph M. Reinhardt. SPIE, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.705053.

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Kitchen, Andy, and Jarrel Seah. "Support vector machines for prostate lesion classification." In SPIE Medical Imaging, edited by Samuel G. Armato and Nicholas A. Petrick. SPIE, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2277120.

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Acha, Begona, Carmen Serrano, Sergio Palencia, and Juan Jose Murillo. "Classification of burn wounds using support vector machines." In Medical Imaging 2004, edited by J. Michael Fitzpatrick and Milan Sonka. SPIE, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.535491.

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Betancourt, Dismer R., Luis A. Andion Rodriguez, and Juan C. Alvarez Castillo. "Image acquisition system for Cuban Giroimag MRI machines." In Medical Imaging '98, edited by Yongmin Kim and Seong K. Mun. SPIE, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.312544.

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Samulski, Maurice, Nico Karssemeijer, Peter Lucas, and Perry Groot. "Classification of mammographic masses using support vector machines and Bayesian networks." In Medical Imaging, edited by Maryellen L. Giger and Nico Karssemeijer. SPIE, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.709679.

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Ferrari, Ricardo J., Xingchang Wei, Yunyan Zhang, James N. Scott, and J. R. Mitchell. "Segmentation of multiple sclerosis lesions using support vector machines." In Medical Imaging 2003, edited by Milan Sonka and J. Michael Fitzpatrick. SPIE, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.481377.

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Song, Caifeng, Weifeng Liu, and Yanjiang Wang. "Laplacian support vector machines for medical diagnosis." In 2012 International Conference on Computerized Healthcare (ICCH). IEEE, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icch.2012.6724485.

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Yang, X., S. Y. Yeo, S. T. Wong, G. Lee, Y. Su, J. M. Hong, A. Choo, and S. Chen. "Color-texture based extreme learning machines for tissue tumor classification." In SPIE Medical Imaging, edited by Metin N. Gurcan and Anant Madabhushi. SPIE, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2216573.

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Xue, Zhiyun, L. Rodney Long, Sameer Antani, Jose Jeronimo, and George R. Thoma. "Segmentation of mosaicism in cervicographic images using support vector machines." In SPIE Medical Imaging, edited by Josien P. W. Pluim and Benoit M. Dawant. SPIE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.812318.

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Reports on the topic "Medical Machines"

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Lucas, Christine, Emily Hadley, Jason Nance, Peter Baumgartner, Rita Thissen, David Plotner, Christine Carr, and Aerian Tatum. Machine Learning for Medical Coding in Health Care Surveys. National Center for Health Statistics (U.S.), October 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.15620/cdc:109828.

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Morgan, John J. Human in the Loop Machine Translation of Medical Terminology. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, April 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada522200.

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Almulihi, Qasem, and Asaad Shujaa. Does Departmental Simulation and Team Training Program Reduce Medical Error and Improve Quality of Patient Care? A Systemic Review. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, March 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2022.3.0006.

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Review question / Objective: This systematic review aimed to assess whether human simulations or machine stimulations programs would help to prevent medical errors and improve patient safety. Information sources: The search terms “Medical Simulation” [Mesh], “Medication Errors” [Mesh], “Patient safety” [Mesh] were implemented, to be as specific and selective as possible. We searched for all the publications in the Medline database, Web of Science, and Google Scholar from 2000 (when the idea of simulation in healthcare to prevent ME was employed for the first time by the Institute of Medicine (IOM)) to Feb 2022 with only English language-based literature Electronic databases.
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Gates, Allison, Michelle Gates, Shannon Sim, Sarah A. Elliott, Jennifer Pillay, and Lisa Hartling. Creating Efficiencies in the Extraction of Data From Randomized Trials: A Prospective Evaluation of a Machine Learning and Text Mining Tool. Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ), August 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.23970/ahrqepcmethodscreatingefficiencies.

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Background. Machine learning tools that semi-automate data extraction may create efficiencies in systematic review production. We prospectively evaluated an online machine learning and text mining tool’s ability to (a) automatically extract data elements from randomized trials, and (b) save time compared with manual extraction and verification. Methods. For 75 randomized trials published in 2017, we manually extracted and verified data for 21 unique data elements. We uploaded the randomized trials to ExaCT, an online machine learning and text mining tool, and quantified performance by evaluating the tool’s ability to identify the reporting of data elements (reported or not reported), and the relevance of the extracted sentences, fragments, and overall solutions. For each randomized trial, we measured the time to complete manual extraction and verification, and to review and amend the data extracted by ExaCT (simulating semi-automated data extraction). We summarized the relevance of the extractions for each data element using counts and proportions, and calculated the median and interquartile range (IQR) across data elements. We calculated the median (IQR) time for manual and semiautomated data extraction, and overall time savings. Results. The tool identified the reporting (reported or not reported) of data elements with median (IQR) 91 percent (75% to 99%) accuracy. Performance was perfect for four data elements: eligibility criteria, enrolment end date, control arm, and primary outcome(s). Among the top five sentences for each data element at least one sentence was relevant in a median (IQR) 88 percent (83% to 99%) of cases. Performance was perfect for four data elements: funding number, registration number, enrolment start date, and route of administration. Among a median (IQR) 90 percent (86% to 96%) of relevant sentences, pertinent fragments had been highlighted by the system; exact matches were unreliable (median (IQR) 52 percent [32% to 73%]). A median 48 percent of solutions were fully correct, but performance varied greatly across data elements (IQR 21% to 71%). Using ExaCT to assist the first reviewer resulted in a modest time savings compared with manual extraction by a single reviewer (17.9 vs. 21.6 hours total extraction time across 75 randomized trials). Conclusions. Using ExaCT to assist with data extraction resulted in modest gains in efficiency compared with manual extraction. The tool was reliable for identifying the reporting of most data elements. The tool’s ability to identify at least one relevant sentence and highlight pertinent fragments was generally good, but changes to sentence selection and/or highlighting were often required.
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Hart, Carl R., D. Keith Wilson, Chris L. Pettit, and Edward T. Nykaza. Machine-Learning of Long-Range Sound Propagation Through Simulated Atmospheric Turbulence. U.S. Army Engineer Research and Development Center, July 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/41182.

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Conventional numerical methods can capture the inherent variability of long-range outdoor sound propagation. However, computational memory and time requirements are high. In contrast, machine-learning models provide very fast predictions. This comes by learning from experimental observations or surrogate data. Yet, it is unknown what type of surrogate data is most suitable for machine-learning. This study used a Crank-Nicholson parabolic equation (CNPE) for generating the surrogate data. The CNPE input data were sampled by the Latin hypercube technique. Two separate datasets comprised 5000 samples of model input. The first dataset consisted of transmission loss (TL) fields for single realizations of turbulence. The second dataset consisted of average TL fields for 64 realizations of turbulence. Three machine-learning algorithms were applied to each dataset, namely, ensemble decision trees, neural networks, and cluster-weighted models. Observational data come from a long-range (out to 8 km) sound propagation experiment. In comparison to the experimental observations, regression predictions have 5–7 dB in median absolute error. Surrogate data quality depends on an accurate characterization of refractive and scattering conditions. Predictions obtained through a single realization of turbulence agree better with the experimental observations.
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Nikiforov, Vladimir. Smart Technical Systems of Measuring Technology and Measuring Technique, integrated into the smart complexes of medical technologies including laser Gears with the elements of Artificial Intelligence and Artificial neural network as form of Machine Learning. Intellectual Archive, May 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.32370/iaj.2120.

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Adegoke, Damilola, Natasha Chilambo, Adeoti Dipeolu, Ibrahim Machina, Ade Obafemi-Olopade, and Dolapo Yusuf. Public discourses and Engagement on Governance of Covid-19 in Ekiti State, Nigeria. African Leadership Center, King's College London, December 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.47697/lab.202101.

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Numerous studies have emerged so far on Covid-19 (SARS-CoV-2) across different disciplines. There is virtually no facet of human experience and relationships that have not been studied. In Nigeria, these studies include knowledge and attitude, risk perception, public perception of Covid-19 management, e-learning, palliatives, precautionary behaviours etc.,, Studies have also been carried out on public framing of Covid-19 discourses in Nigeria; these have explored both offline and online messaging and issues from the perspectives of citizens towards government’s policy responses such as palliative distributions, social distancing and lockdown. The investigators of these thematic concerns deployed different methodological tools in their studies. These tools include policy evaluations, content analysis, sentiment analysis, discourse analysis, survey questionnaires, focus group discussions, in depth-interviews as well as machine learning., These studies nearly always focus on the national government policy response, with little or no focus on the constituent states. In many of the studies, the researchers work with newspaper articles for analysis of public opinions while others use social media generated contents such as tweets) as sources for analysis of sentiments and opinions. Although there are others who rely on the use of survey questionnaires and other tools outlined above; the limitations of these approaches necessitated the research plan adopted by this study. Most of the social media users in Nigeria are domiciled in cities and their demography comprises the middle class (socio-economic) who are more likely to be literate with access to internet technologies. Hence, the opinions of a majority of the population who are most likely rural dwellers with limited access to internet technologies are very often excluded. This is not in any way to disparage social media content analysis findings; because the opinions expressed by opinion leaders usually represent the larger subset of opinions prevalent in the society. Analysing public perception using questionnaires is also fraught with its challenges, as well as reliance on newspaper articles. A lot of the newspapers and news media organisations in Nigeria are politically hinged; some of them have active politicians and their associates as their proprietors. Getting unbiased opinions from these sources might be difficult. The news articles are also most likely to reflect and amplify official positions through press releases and interviews which usually privilege elite actors. These gaps motivated this collaboration between Ekiti State Government and the African Leadership Centre at King’s College London to embark on research that will primarily assess public perceptions of government leadership response to Covid-19 in Ekiti State. The timeframe of the study covers the first phase of the pandemic in Ekiti State (March/April to August 2020).
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