Journal articles on the topic 'Medical informatics India'
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Sarbadhikari, S. N., and S. B. Gogia. "An Overview of Education and Training of Medical Informatics in India." Yearbook of Medical Informatics 19, no. 01 (August 2010): 106–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1638699.
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Summary Background: Medical Informatics in India is still in its infancy. Although the Indian Association for Medical Informatics (IAMI) was foundedin1993, proposed bymajorhealthcaredelivery institutions, the absence of independent career options in medical informatics in India hasresulted eitherinthe exodusofthe needed facultymembersfor supporting education in the field. However, this situation may have been changing in the past few years, but a large gap exists which needs to be filled up quickly. The purpose of this report is to provide an assessment of the present situation of research and training in medical informatics in India, and its implications for future development of the field. Objectives: To assess the current situation regardingthe opportunities for research and education in Medical Informatics in India and related issues like availability of career options. Methods: Asurveyquestionnairewassentbypostalmailtowell-known Indian institutions engaged in medical informatics training and research. In addition, key stakeholders working towards impartingeducation and awareness on the principles and practice of medical informatics were contacted to provide information about training and researchinmedicalinformaticsinIndia.This was a purposivesamplingbased onpriorknowledge. Theresponseswerethematicallyanalyzed. Results: A total of six courses were identified in the survey. These were administered through face to face (F2F), e-learningand other modes of distance learning. In general, most of the students are graduates in medicine (allopathic, homeopathic, ayurvedic), allied sciences (nursing, physiotherapy) and medical administrators or graduates in engineering or library and information sciences. Most of them are also working, thus, the majority of the courses are for part-timers and act as on-job value addition. Most of the courses however do not directly train for jobs. Therefore, as most of the participants are already working somewhere, the question of placement due to the course may not be measurabledirectly. Since most of the students from India are already employed, by attending this course they gain further insights into health informaticsthat they want to pursue as a career.
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Brown, Joseph, James Johnson, Margaret E. Ozan-Rafferty, Manoj Sharma, and Salvatore Barbera. "Internet Narratives Focused on Health Travelers’ Experiences in India: Qualitative Analysis." Journal of Medical Internet Research 22, no. 5 (May 14, 2020): e15665. http://dx.doi.org/10.2196/15665.
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Background The medical tourism industry is currently popular in India, but there is no confirmation of the common perspectives among the country’s medical travelers. Objective This qualitative research study analyzed web-based narratives from health travelers visiting India and described the themes of their experiences. This study aimed to answer the following primary question: What can we learn about health travelers’ experiences in India from an analysis of their web-based narratives? The secondary questions were as follows: (1) What are the primary health care reasons for which patients in the examined narratives traveled to India? (2) What can be derived from the narratives regarding medical tourists’ satisfaction with the outcome and result of the treatment they received in India? (3) What are some positive and negative factors influencing medical tourists’ perceptions and overall experiences about their health travel to India? (4) What are the characteristics of medical tourists who write web-based narratives regarding their health experiences in India? Methods Publicly available narratives written by medical tourists who visited India were obtained from a Google search. The narratives included blog posts and discussion board posts by medical tourists. The analysis process consisted of initial open coding being conducted on the narratives to create initial codes and identify common themes with a focus on the primary research question and subquestions. Results Although Mumbai, Chennai, and New Delhi were not the only destination cities mentioned, these were the most popular cities patients visited for care. The medical tourists, who stated their origin country, came from one of the following continents: Africa, Europe, North America, and Oceania. Dental care, Ayurveda treatment, and eye care were the most popular types of care that medical tourists sought. The results showed that most of the medical tourists were happy with the overall experience of receiving care in India. The most popular themes with regard to the patients’ satisfaction were low costs, good customer service, and services being offered that were unavailable in their home country. When negative feedback was provided, it was mainly concentrated on the overall environment of India being unorganized and unsanitary. Conclusions Primarily, the study’s findings can benefit health care providers and patients. Providers hosting medical tourists in India can use negative feedback to improve their services; similarly, providers who are losing patients to medical tourism can identify opportunities for improvement (ie, why are we losing patients). Indian providers hosting medical tourists should keep their prices competitive and continue to provide exceptional service; however, they should do their best to lessen the crowdedness of their facilities while making sure they are esthetically pleasing. Providers losing patients to medical tourism need to identify ways to ensure their services match the benefits that their international counterparts are providing, such as competitive pricing and expansion on the services provided.
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Sarbadhikari, Suptendra Nath. "The State of Medical Informatics in India: A Roadmap for Optimal Organization." Journal of Medical Systems 29, no. 2 (April 2005): 125–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10916-005-3001-y.
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Croll, P., B. Li, C. P. Wong, S. Gogia, A. Faud, Y. S. Kwak, S. Chu, et al. "Survey on Medical Records and EHR in Asia-Pacific Region." Methods of Information in Medicine 50, no. 04 (2011): 386–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.3414/me11-02-0002.
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SummaryObjectives: To clarify health record background information in the Asia-Pacific region, for planning and evaluation of medical information systems.Methods: The survey was carried out in the summer of 2009. Of the 14 APAMI (Asia-Pacific Association for Medical Informatics) delegates 12 responded which were Australia, China, Hong Kong, India, Indonesia, Japan, Korea, New Zealand, the Philippines, Singapore, Thailand, and Taiwan.Results: English is used for records and education in Australia, Hong Kong, India, New Zealand, the Philippines, Singapore and Taiwan. Most of the countries/regions are British Commonwealth. Nine out of 12 delegates responded that the second purpose of medical records was for the billing of medical services. Seven out of nine responders to this question answered that the second purpose of EHR (Electronic Health Records) was healthcare cost cutting. In Singapore, a versatile resident ID is used which can be applied to a variety of uses. Seven other regions have resident IDs which are used for a varying range of purposes. Regarding healthcare ID, resident ID is simply used as healthcare ID in Hong Kong, Singapore and Thailand. In most cases, disclosure of medical data with patient’s name identified is allowed only for the purpose of disease control within a legal framework and for disclosure to the patient and referred doctors. Secondary use of medical information with the patient’s identification anonymized is usually allowed in particular cases for specific purposes.Conclusion: This survey on the health record background information has yielded the above mentioned results. This information contributes to the planning and evaluation of medical information systems in the Asia-Pacific region.
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Das, Nishant, Prerna Khar, Sagar Karia, and Nilesh Shah. "Suicide among Health Care Professionals—An Indian Perspective." Healthcare 10, no. 2 (February 11, 2022): 354. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/healthcare10020354.
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Suicide is a global phenomenon that claims a person’s life every 40 s. The suicide-mortality rate in India is higher than the worldwide average for health care professionals (HCP). The treatment gap for mental health care is alarming, more than 80% in India which has improved compared to a decade. Among the methods chosen by HCPs for dying by suicide, violent suicide methods are more common. Hanging is the most common means, followed by lethal injection and jumping from a building. Among the medical students and professionals in India, academic stress is the leading cause of suicides, followed by mental illness and harassment. Stressfully long working hours, starvation for long hours, inadequate diet, sleep deprivation, inadequate rest, high levels of personal expectations, knowledge of lethal suicide methods, easy access to potentially fatal drugs, apathy, and fearlessness towards death are some of the contributing factors. Primary preventive measures to minimize suicides in HCPs would be to conduct stress-management workshops at an institutional level, routine mental health check-ups in healthcare institutions, mental-health screening for students enrolling into healthcare courses, and prompt referrals to mental healthcare facilities. In addition, telehealth services or mental health services for medical professionals of India are the need of the hour.
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Maulik, Pallab K., Siddhardha Devarapalli, Sudha Kallakuri, Amritendu Bhattacharya, David Peiris, and Anushka Patel. "The Systematic Medical Appraisal Referral and Treatment Mental Health Project: Quasi-Experimental Study to Evaluate a Technology-Enabled Mental Health Services Delivery Model Implemented in Rural India." Journal of Medical Internet Research 22, no. 2 (February 27, 2020): e15553. http://dx.doi.org/10.2196/15553.
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Background Although around 10% of Indians experience depression, anxiety, or alcohol use disorders, very few receive adequate mental health care, especially in rural communities. Stigma and limited availability of mental health services contribute to this treatment gap. The Systematic Medical Appraisal Referral and Treatment Mental Health project aimed to address this gap. Objective This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of an intervention in increasing the use of mental health services and reducing depression and anxiety scores among individuals at high risk of common mental disorders. Methods A before-after study was conducted from 2014 to 2019 in 12 villages in Andhra Pradesh, India. The intervention comprised a community antistigma campaign, with the training of lay village health workers and primary care doctors to identify and manage individuals with stress, depression, and suicide risk using an electronic clinical decision support system. Results In total, 900 of 22,046 (4.08%) adults screened by health workers had increased stress, depression, or suicide risk and were referred to a primary care doctor. At follow-up, 731 out of 900 (81.2%) reported visiting the doctor for their mental health symptoms, compared with 3.3% (30/900) at baseline (odds ratio 133.3, 95% CI 89.0 to 199.7; P<.001). Mean depression and anxiety scores were significantly lower postintervention compared with baseline from 13.4 to 3.1 (P<.001) and from 12.9 to 1.9 (P<.001), respectively. Conclusions The intervention was associated with a marked increase in service uptake and clinically important reductions in depression and anxiety symptom scores. This will be further evaluated in a large-scale cluster randomized controlled trial.
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Das, Anthony Vipin, Shravani Mididoddi, Priyanka Kammari, Navya Deepthi Davara, Abhinav Loomba, Rohit Khanna, and Mukesh Taneja. "App-Based Tele Ophthalmology: A Novel Method of Rural Eye Care Delivery Connecting Tertiary Eye Care Center and Vision Centers in India." International Journal of Telemedicine and Applications 2019 (December 18, 2019): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/8107064.
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Purpose. The study aims to describe a novel method of utilization of the eyeSmart EMR (electronic medical record) app. It describes the demographic distribution, clinical presentation, query requested by the vision technician, and management advised to the patients by using “eyeSmart EMR” app from the vision centers located across a three-tier eye care network in India. Methods. This is a retrospective review of all patients who required a tele-ophthalmology consultation from January 2017 to August 2018. The demographic, clinical details, and the impact of teleophthalmology using eyeSmart app, in the vision centers of a three-tier eye care network, was analyzed in detail. Results. A total of 15,001 tele-ophthalmology consults were included which is from January 2017 to August 2018. The mean age was 38 ± 19 years and male to female ratio was 1 : 2. Video calls were performed for 6191 (41.27%) consults and the impact was measured. Additional clinical information was received in 65.61% consults through video call. Medical management was advised in 47.07% of patients and 30.30% were referred to higher centers for medical intervention and 0.59% were referred for surgical intervention, 16.23% were prescribed glasses. No intervention required for 0.69% of cases. Hence nil intervention was advised. Conclusion. The combination of using tablet and video calls with the help of eyeSmart EMR app is a novel method in teleophthalmology. It helps in connecting the patients at rural areas and the ophthalmologists in higher centers. The use of technology plays a vital role in the appropriate medical management of the patient.
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Mathur, Prashant, Krishnan Sathishkumar, Meesha Chaturvedi, Priyanka Das, Kondalli Lakshminarayana Sudarshan, Stephen Santhappan, Vinodh Nallasamy, Anish John, Sandeep Narasimhan, and Francis Selvaraj Roselind. "Cancer Statistics, 2020: Report From National Cancer Registry Programme, India." JCO Global Oncology, no. 6 (September 2020): 1063–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/go.20.00122.
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PURPOSE The systematic collection of data on cancer is being performed by various population-based cancer registries (PBCRs) and hospital-based cancer registries (HBCRs) across India under the National Cancer Registry Programme–National Centre for Disease Informatics and Research of Indian Council of Medical Research since 1982. METHODS This study examined the cancer incidence, patterns, trends, projections, and mortality from 28 PBCRs and also the stage at presentation and type of treatment of patients with cancer from 58 HBCRs (N = 667,666) from the pooled analysis for the composite period 2012-2016. Time trends in cancer incidence rate were generated as annual percent change from 16 PBCRs (those with a minimum of 10 years of continuous good data available) using Joinpoint regression. RESULTS Aizawl district (269.4) and Papumpare district (219.8) had the highest age-adjusted incidence rates among males and females, respectively. The projected number of patients with cancer in India is 1,392,179 for the year 2020, and the common 5 leading sites are breast, lung, mouth, cervix uteri, and tongue. Trends in cancer incidence rate showed an increase in all sites of cancer in both sexes and were high in Kamrup urban (annual percent change, 3.8%; P < .05). The majority of the patients with cancer were diagnosed at the locally advanced stage for breast (57.0%), cervix uteri (60.0%), head and neck (66.6%), and stomach (50.8%) cancer, whereas in lung cancer, distant metastasis was predominant among males (44.0%) and females (47.6%). CONCLUSION This study provides a framework for assessing the status and trends of cancer in India. It shall guide appropriate support for action to strengthen efforts to improve cancer prevention and control to achieve the national noncommunicable disease targets and the sustainable development goals.
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Agrawal, Sushma, Anil Kumar Maurya, Kirti Shrivastava, Shaleen Kumar, M. C. Pant, and Saroj Kant Mishra. "Training the Trainees in Radiation Oncology with Telemedicine as a Tool in a Developing Country: A Two-Year Audit." International Journal of Telemedicine and Applications 2011 (2011): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2011/230670.
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Purpose. The estimated new cancer patient load in the Indian state of Uttar Pradesh is 0.1–0.12 million per year. Approximately two thirds of these require treatment by a radiation oncologist. Radiation oncologists: cancer patient ratio in this state is 1 : 2000 as compared to the recommended 1 : 250. This problem is compounded by the poor infrastructure of radiation oncology departments in the state which is suboptimal for teaching, training of resident doctors, and treatment in most barring a few departments. To bridge some gap in the sociodemographics stated above and enhancement of training of residents, we submitted a project for establishment of a telemedicine facility in our department to the Department of Science and Technology, Government of India. We present the design, implementation, and a two-year audit of our tele-education activities.Materials and Methods. After the sanction of the project, we established telemedicine linkage with another medical institute in the city located 25 kms away in 2007. After implementation of the project, academic sessions designed for trainee residents in our department were shared with the remote end. A record of these activities and a feedback of the activities were audited at the end of 2 years of implementation of this project.Results. Regular videoconferencing sessions comprising of lectures on clinical oncology, medical physics, and radiobiology were held. Feedback from the users revealed satisfaction with the content of the academic sessions for the purpose of MD training.Conclusions. Distance education in radiation oncology is an important tool for training of the trainee residents.
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Raja, Rakesh, Indrajit Mukherjee, and Bikash Kanti Sarkar. "A Machine Learning-Based Prediction Model for Preterm Birth in Rural India." Journal of Healthcare Engineering 2021 (June 15, 2021): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/6665573.
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Preterm birth (PTB) in a pregnant woman is the most serious issue in the field of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, especially in rural India. In recent years, various clinical prediction models for PTB have been developed to improve the accuracy of learning models. However, to the best of the authors’ knowledge, most of them suffer from selecting the most accurate features from the medical dataset in linear time. The present paper attempts to design a machine learning model named as risk prediction conceptual model (RPCM) for the prediction of PTB. In this paper, a feature selection approach is proposed based on the notion of entropy. The novel approach is used to find the best maternal features (responsible for PTB) from the obstetrical dataset and aims to predict the classifier’s accuracy at the highest level. The paper first deals with the review of PTB cases (which is neglected in many developing countries including India). Next, we collect obstetrical data from the Community Health Centre of rural areas (Kamdara, Jharkhand). The suggested approach is then applied on collected data to identify the excellent maternal features (text-based symptoms) present in pregnant women in order to classify all birth cases into term birth and PTB. The machine learning part of the model is implemented using three different classifiers, namely, decision tree (DT), logistic regression (LR), and support vector machine (SVM) for PTB prediction. The performance of the classifiers is measured in terms of accuracy, specificity, and sensitivity. Finally, the SVM classifier generates an accuracy of 90.9%, which is higher than other learning classifiers used in this study.
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Praveen, Gadde, Harsha GVD, Swati G. Naidu, and Dharani ASD. "The opinions of Indian dental faculty members on harmonizing manuscript preparation and the submission guidelines of journals." Science Editing 9, no. 1 (February 20, 2022): 15–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.6087/kcse.258.
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Purpose: Authors of scholarly writing are underrepresented in discussions about improving the academic publishing system. The objective of this study was to assess the possibility of harmonizing manuscript preparation and the submission guidelines of journals by assessing the opinions of dental faculty members who worked in the state of Andhra Pradesh, India.Methods: A cross-sectional survey of 1,286 participants from 16 dental schools in Andhra Pradesh was conducted from March 15, 2021 to April 15, 2021. The questionnaire addressed the participants’ demographic details and perspectives on the guidelines for manuscript preparation and the need to harmonize those guidelines with the publication process. The online questionnaire was generated using Google Forms and consisted of six dichotomous, one multiple-choice, and seven Likert scale items. Descriptive statistics were obtained.Results: Of the 894 (69.5%) dental faculty members who responded, 448 (50.1%) were not aware of the International Committee of Medical Journal Editors’ guidelines for manuscript preparation and submission. During the manuscript revision process, 792 (95.5%) had experienced difficulty with the variation in author guidelines for each journal, especially the guidelines for formatting tables, reference style, and citation of references in-text. The idea of a standardized template for manuscript preparation and submission was supported by 800 respondents (86.7%).Conclusion: Dental faculty members in India experienced difficulty in manuscript preparation for medical journals due to the differing editorial policies among journals. Therefore, a standardized template providing uniformity in style and format is needed.
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Dansana, Debabrata, Raghvendra Kumar, Aishik Bhattacharjee, and Chandrakanta Mahanty. "COVID-19 Outbreak Prediction and Analysis of E-Healthcare Data Using Random Forest Algorithms." International Journal of Reliable and Quality E-Healthcare 11, no. 1 (January 2022): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijrqeh.297075.
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The forecasting model used random forest algorithm. From the outcomes, it has been found that the regression models utilize basic linkage works and are exceptionally solid for forecast of COVID-19 cases in different countries as well as India. Current shared of worldwide COVID-19 confirmed case has been predicted by taking the world population and a comparatives study has been done on COVID-19 total cases growth for top 10 worst affected countries including US and excluding US. The ratio between confirmed cases vs. fatalities of COVID-19 is predicted and in the end a special study has been done on India where we have forecasted all the age groups affected by COVID-19 then we have extended our study to forecast the active, death and recovered cases especially in India and compared the situation with other countries.
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Mathur, Prashant, Vaitheeswaran Kulothungan, Sravya Leburu, Anand Krishnan, Himanshu Kumar Chaturvedi, Harshal Ramesh Salve, Ritvik Amarchand, et al. "Baseline risk factor prevalence among adolescents aged 15–17 years old: findings from National Non-communicable Disease Monitoring Survey (NNMS) of India." BMJ Open 11, no. 6 (June 2021): e044066. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2020-044066.
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ObjectiveTo generate national estimates of key non-communicable disease (NCD) risk factors for adolescents (15–17 years) identified in the National NCD Monitoring Framework and, study the knowledge, attitudes and practices towards NCD risk behaviours among school-going adolescents.Design and settingA community-based, national, cross-sectional survey conducted during 2017–2018. The survey was coordinated by the Indian Council of Medical Research—National Centre for Disease Informatics and Research with 10 reputed implementing research institutes/organisations across India in urban and rural areas.ParticipantsA multistage sampling design was adopted covering ages between 15 and 69 years—adolescents (15–17 years) and adults (18–69 years). The sample included 12 000 households drawn from 600 primary sampling units. All available adolescents (15–17 years) from the selected households were included in the survey.Main outcome measuresKey NCD risk factors for adolescents (15–17 years)—current tobacco and alcohol use, dietary behaviours, insufficient physical activity, overweight and obesity.ResultsOverall, 1402 households and 1531 adolescents completed the survey. Prevalence of current daily use of tobacco was 3.1% (95% CI: 2.0% to 4.7%), 25.2% (95% CI: 22.2% to 28.5%) adolescents showed insufficient levels of physical activity, 6.2% (95% CI: 4.9% to 7.9%) were overweight and 1.8% (95% CI: 1.0% to 2.9%) were obese. Two-thirds reported being imparted health education on NCD risk factors in their schools/colleges.ConclusionThe survey provides baseline data on NCD-related key risk factors among 15–17 years in India. These national-level data fill information gaps for this age group and help assess India’s progress towards NCD targets set for 2025 comprehensively. Though the prevalence of select risk factors is much lower than in many developed countries, this study offers national evidence for revisiting and framing appropriate policies, strategies for prevention and control of NCDs in younger age groups.
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Kavitha, K. V. N., Sharmila Ashok, Agbotiname Lucky Imoize, Stephen Ojo, K. Senthamil Selvan, Tariq Ahamed Ahanger, and Musah Alhassan. "On the Use of Wavelet Domain and Machine Learning for the Analysis of Epileptic Seizure Detection from EEG Signals." Journal of Healthcare Engineering 2022 (February 25, 2022): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/8928021.
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Epileptic patients suffer from an epileptic brain seizure caused by the temporary and unpredicted electrical interruption. Conventionally, the electroencephalogram (EEG) signals are manually studied by medical practitioners as it records the electrical activities from the brain. This technique consumes a lot of time, and the outputs are unreliable. In a bid to address this problem, a new structure for detecting an epileptic seizure is proposed in this study. The EEG signals obtained from the University of Bonn, Germany, and real-time medical records from the Senthil Multispecialty Hospital, India, were used. These signals were disintegrated into six frequency subbands that employed discrete wavelet transform (DWT) and extracted twelve statistical functions. In particular, seven best features were identified and further fed into k-Nearest Neighbor (kNN), naïve Bayes, Support Vector Machine (SVM), and Decision Tree classifiers for two-type and three-type classifications. Six statistical parameters were employed to measure the performance of these classifications. It has been found that different combinations of features and classifiers produce different results. Overall, the study is a first attempt to find the best combination feature set and classifier for 16 different 2-class and 3-class classification challenges of the Bonn and Senthil real-time clinical dataset.
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Kailasam, Sriram, Santosh Kumar, and Janakiram Dharanipragada. "Arogyasree: An Enhanced Grid-Based Approach to Mobile Telemedicine." International Journal of Telemedicine and Applications 2010 (2010): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2010/536237.
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A typical telemedicine system involves a small set of hospitals providing remote healthcare services to a small section of the society using dedicated nodal centers. However, in developing nations like India where majority live in rural areas that lack specialist care, we envision the need for much larger Internet-based telemedicine systems that would enable a large pool of doctors and hospitals to collectively provide healthcare services to entire populations. We propose a scalable, Internet-based P2P architecture for telemedicine integrating multiple hospitals, mobile medical specialists, and rural mobile units. This system, based on the store and forward model, features a distributed context-aware scheduler for providing timely and location-aware telemedicine services. Other features like zone-based overlay structure and persistent object space abstraction make the system efficient and easy to use. Lastly, the system uses the existing internet infrastructure and supports mobility at doctor and patient ends.
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Szilagyi, Istvan-Szilard, Torsten Ullrich, Kordula Lang-Illievich, Christoph Klivinyi, Gregor Alexander Schittek, Holger Simonis, and Helmar Bornemann-Cimenti. "Google Trends for Pain Search Terms in the World’s Most Populated Regions Before and After the First Recorded COVID-19 Case: Infodemiological Study." Journal of Medical Internet Research 23, no. 4 (April 22, 2021): e27214. http://dx.doi.org/10.2196/27214.
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Background Web-based analysis of search queries has become a very useful method in various academic fields for understanding timely and regional differences in the public interest in certain terms and concepts. Particularly in health and medical research, Google Trends has been increasingly used over the last decade. Objective This study aimed to assess the search activity of pain-related parameters on Google Trends from among the most populated regions worldwide over a 3-year period from before the report of the first confirmed COVID-19 cases in these regions (January 2018) until December 2020. Methods Search terms from the following regions were used for the analysis: India, China, Europe, the United States, Brazil, Pakistan, and Indonesia. In total, 24 expressions of pain location were assessed. Search terms were extracted using the local language of the respective country. Python scripts were used for data mining. All statistical calculations were performed through exploratory data analysis and nonparametric Mann–Whitney U tests. Results Although the overall search activity for pain-related terms increased, apart from pain entities such as headache, chest pain, and sore throat, we observed discordant search activity. Among the most populous regions, pain-related search parameters for shoulder, abdominal, and chest pain, headache, and toothache differed significantly before and after the first officially confirmed COVID-19 cases (for all, P<.001). In addition, we observed a heterogenous, marked increase or reduction in pain-related search parameters among the most populated regions. Conclusions As internet searches are a surrogate for public interest, we assume that our data are indicative of an increased incidence of pain after the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic. However, as these increased incidences vary across geographical and anatomical locations, our findings could potentially facilitate the development of specific strategies to support the most affected groups.
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Krishnakumar, Arjun, Ritika Verma, Rajeev Chawla, Aravind Sosale, Banshi Saboo, Shilpa Joshi, Maaz Shaikh, Abhishek Shah, Siddhesh Kolwankar, and Vinod Mattoo. "Evaluating Glycemic Control in Patients of South Asian Origin With Type 2 Diabetes Using a Digital Therapeutic Platform: Analysis of Real-World Data." Journal of Medical Internet Research 23, no. 3 (March 25, 2021): e17908. http://dx.doi.org/10.2196/17908.
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Background Digital therapeutics are evidence-based therapeutic interventions driven by high-quality software programs for the treatment, prevention, or management of a medical disorder or disease. Many studies in the western population have shown the effectiveness of mobile app–based digital therapeutics for improving glycemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D). However, few studies have assessed similar outcomes in the South Asian population. Objective This study aims to investigate the real-world effectiveness of the Wellthy CARE digital therapeutic for improving glycemic control among the South Asian population of Indian origin. Methods We analyzed deidentified data from 102 patients with T2D from India enrolled in a 16-week structured self-management program delivered using the Wellthy CARE mobile app. Patients recorded their meals, weight, physical activity, and blood sugar in the app, and they received lessons on self-care behaviors (healthy eating, being active, monitoring, medication adherence, problem solving, healthy coping, and reducing risks); feedback provided by an artificial intelligence–powered chatbot; and periodic interactions with certified diabetes educators via voice calls and chats. The primary outcome of the program was a change in glycated hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c). Secondary outcomes included the difference between preintervention and postintervention fasting blood glucose (FBG) and postprandial blood glucose (PPBG) levels; changes in BMI and weight at the completion of 16 weeks; and the association between program engagement and the changes in HbA1c, FBG, and PPBG levels. Results At the end of 16 weeks, the average change in HbA1c was –0.49% (n=102; 95% CI −0.73 to 0.25; P<.001). Of all the patients, 63.7% (65/102) had improved HbA1c levels, with a mean change of −1.16% (n=65; 95% CI −1.40 to −0.92; P<.001). The mean preintervention and postintervention FBG levels were 145 mg/dL (n=51; 95% CI 135-155) and 134 mg/dL (n=51; 95% CI 122-146; P=.02) and PPBG levels were 188 mg/dL (n=51; 95% CI 172-203) and 166 mg/dL (n=51; 95% CI 153-180; P=.03), respectively. The mean changes in BMI and weight were –0.47 kg/m2 (n=59; 95% CI −0.22 to −0.71; P<.001) and –1.32 kg (n=59; 95% CI −0.63 to −2.01; P<.001), respectively. There was a stepwise decrease in HbA1c, FBG, and PPBG levels as the program engagement increased. Patients in the highest tertile of program engagement had a significantly higher reduction in HbA1c (−0.84% vs −0.06%; P=.02), FBG (−21.4 mg/dL vs −0.18 mg/dL; P=.02), and PPBG levels (−22.03 mg/dL vs 2.35 mg/dL; P=.002) than those in the lowest tertile. Conclusions The use of the Wellthy CARE digital therapeutic for patients with T2D showed a significant reduction in the levels of HbA1c, FBG, and PPBG after 16 weeks. A higher level of participation showed improved glycemic control, suggesting the potential of the Wellthy CARE platform for better management of the disease.
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Koppar, Anant R., and Venugopalachar Sridhar. "An Automated Method for Differential Blood Counting Using Microscope Color Image of Isolated WBC." International Journal of E-Health and Medical Communications 1, no. 4 (October 2010): 35–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/jehmc.2010100103.
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Healthcare Delivery Systems are becoming overloaded in developed and developing countries. It is imperative that more efficient and cost effective processes be employed by innovative applications of technology in the delivery system. One such process in Haematology that needs attention is “Generation of report on the Differential Count of Blood”. Most rural centers in India still employ traditional, manual processes to identify and count White Blood Cells under a microscope. This traditional method of manually counting the white blood cells is prone to human error and time consuming. Medical Imaging with innovative application of algorithms can be used for recognizing and analyzing the images from blood smears to provide an efficient alternative for differential counting and reporting. In this regard, the objective of this paper is to provide a simple and pragmatic software system built on innovative yet simple imaging algorithms for achieving better efficiency and accuracy of results. The resulting work-flow process has enabled truly practical tele-pathology by enabling e-collaboration between lesser skilled technicians and more skilled experts, which cuts down the total turnaround time for differential count reporting from days to minutes. The system can be extended to detect malarial parasites in blood and also cancerous cells.
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Kaurani, Pragati, Kavita Batra, Himangini Rathore Hooja, N. Gopi Chander, Anamitra Bhowmick, Suraj Arora, Suheel Manzoor Baba, et al. "Assessing the Compliance of Dental Clinicians towards Regulatory Infection Control Guidelines Using a Newly Developed Survey Tool: A Pilot Cross-Sectional Study in India." Healthcare 10, no. 10 (September 26, 2022): 1877. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/healthcare10101877.
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Adherence to the dental practice regulatory guidelines instituted during the COVID-19 pandemic is essential to minimize the transmission of SARS-CoV-2 strains. Given the lack of a valid and reliable survey tool to assess the adherence to dental practice guidelines, this study aims to develop, validate, and test a survey tool on a pilot sample of dental clinicians practicing in India. A survey tool was developed/validated through a sequential phasic approach: Phase I- developing survey using conceptual and literature framework; Phase II: ascertaining its validity and reliability; Phase III: pilot testing; and Phase IV: assessing construct validity by exploratory factor analysis (EFA) on the responses collected in Spring 2021. The EFA was achieved using a traditional unweighted least squares extraction method through a varimax rotation with Kaiser normalization. A six-factor solution with 18 items (with the global reliability of 86%) related to screening, regular infection prevention measures, infection control inside the dental operatory, disinfection of the dental unit, disposal, and other COVID-19-specific preventive measures were extracted. Our sample had higher compliance with regard to providing alcohol-based hand scrubs, providing protective gear to attendees, collecting travel/medical history, and screening patients for COVID-19 symptoms. In contrast, less compliance was observed regarding the use of paperless forms of practice and rubber dams in the operatory. The use of a validated survey tool ensures the collection of reliable and valid data, which can serve as baseline data to measure the uptake and effectiveness of dental practice regulatory guidelines in a clinical setting and community dental health clinics.
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Gupta, Kamaldeep, Sharmistha Roy, Ramesh Chandra Poonia, Soumya Ranjan Nayak, Raghvendra Kumar, Khalid J. Alzahrani, Mrim M. Alnfiai, and Fahd N. Al-Wesabi. "Evaluating the Usability of mHealth Applications on Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Using Various MCDM Methods." Healthcare 10, no. 1 (December 21, 2021): 4. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/healthcare10010004.
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The recent developments in the IT world have brought several changes in the medical industry. This research work focuses on few mHealth applications that work on the management of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) by the patients on their own. Looking into the present doctor-to-patient ratio in our country (1:1700 as per a Times of India report in 2021), it is very essential to develop self-management mHealth applications. Thus, there is a need to ensure simple and user-friendly mHealth applications to improve customer satisfaction. The goal of this study is to assess and appraise the usability and effectiveness of existing T2DM-focused mHealth applications. TOPSIS, VIKOR, and PROMETHEE II are three multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) approaches considered in the proposed work for the evaluation of the usability of five existing T2DM mHealth applications, which include Glucose Buddy, mySugr, Diabetes: M, Blood Glucose Tracker, and OneTouch Reveal. The methodology used in the research work is a questionnaire-based evaluation that focuses on certain attributes and sub-attributes, identified based on the features of mHealth applications. CRITIC methodology is used for obtaining the attribute weights, which give the priority of the attributes. The resulting analysis signifies our proposed research by ranking the mHealth applications based on usability and customer satisfaction.
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Dwivedi, Manish Kumar, Sanjeev Bakshi, Shruti Sonter, Shringika Mishra, and Prashant Kumar Singh. "Spatiotemporal distribution of malaria prevalence in the district Anuppur, central India." International Journal Of Community Medicine And Public Health 9, no. 4 (March 25, 2022): 1788. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20220855.
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Background: In the current study, 2013±16 medical data were examined to evaluate intervention effects on malaria prevalence in central India. Spatiotemporal variation in the distribution of malaria types (PV, PF, and PV-PF) was also investigated and geographical distribution of malaria prevalence in central India first time.Methods: The data was collected from the primary health centers, sub health centers, community health centers, and district hospital. The data was used for the calculation of annual blood examination rate, annual parasite incidence, blood slide positive rate, blood slide falciparum rate, % PF, % PV, and % PV-PF types of malaria. The rate of malaria was transformed ( ) for carrying out statistical analyses. ANOVA models were considered for analysis of the data. The minimum deviation informatics statistic has been used to compare the spatiotemporal distribution of malaria types. The spatiotemporal distribution maps of malaria prevalence and mosquito breeding sites were generated using the geographic component software ArcGIS 10.3.Results: The results display that space was an important significant factor for malaria prevalence. Kotma, one of the blocks of the study region displayed varying geographic patterns of dominance. The analysis for the presence of malaria types indicated that space was an important source of variation for the rate of malaria due to Plasmodium falciparum. The distributional patterns of the malaria types, as observed in the empirical data were tested using the MDIS statistic and findings indicate that the distributions of malaria types for the spatial points, namely Pushparajgarh, Kotma, and Anuppur were not the same over the selected time points. The geographical maps mainly displayed the active mosquito breeding sites in river areas and handpump areas namely Karpa, Laidara, Khamraudh, Rajendragram, Sivarichndas, Basaniha, Soniyamar, Kiragi. The maps also displayed 46% high risk, 34% moderate risk, and 20% low-risk area.Conclusions: The prevalence of malaria in this tribal-dominated area shows that was governed by mosquitogenic factors and their transmission.
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Almehmadi, Mater, and Jaber S. Alqahtani. "Healthcare Research in Mass Religious Gatherings and Emergency Management: A Comprehensive Narrative Review." Healthcare 11, no. 2 (January 13, 2023): 244. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/healthcare11020244.
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Religious mass gatherings, especially pilgrimages of various faiths, involve overcrowding and the international movement of people, exposing individuals to significant health risks, such as the spread of infectious diseases, crowds, exposure to bad weather, physical stress, or risks due to pre-existing medical conditions. This paper aims to review the literature related to health care research on religious mass gatherings, with special reference to the role of awareness creation, training, and risk awareness for individuals during Hajj. The results indicated that the research on health risks associated with large-scale gatherings showed that some countries (which witness religious gatherings) follow effective preventive measures to reduce health risks, while some countries did not (and linked this to its poor infrastructure and the low standard of living in it, such as India). It also showed that most studies overlooked identifying the causes of infectious diseases and determining the perceptions of participants in mass gatherings. While it showed that environmental factors strongly influence the emergence of infectious diseases among individuals, the results also showed the scarcity of research that revolves around the awareness of community members, the health risks of mass gatherings, preventive measures against diseases, and the main effects on individuals’ perceptions of risks. The results also showed a lack of research evidence on how pilgrims perceive risks, adopt information, and interact with their willingness to be trained in preventive measures.
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Zigarelli, Angela, Ziyang Jia, and Hyunsun Lee. "Machine-Aided Self-diagnostic Prediction Models for Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: Observational Study." JMIR Formative Research 6, no. 3 (March 15, 2022): e29967. http://dx.doi.org/10.2196/29967.
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Background Artificial intelligence and digital health care have substantially advanced to improve and enhance medical diagnosis and treatment during the prolonged period of the COVID-19 global pandemic. In this study, we discuss the development of prediction models for the self-diagnosis of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) using machine learning techniques. Objective We aim to develop self-diagnostic prediction models for PCOS in potential patients and clinical providers. For potential patients, the prediction is based only on noninvasive measures such as anthropomorphic measures, symptoms, age, and other lifestyle factors so that the proposed prediction tool can be conveniently used without any laboratory or ultrasound test results. For clinical providers who can access patients’ medical test results, prediction models using all predictor variables can be adopted to help health providers diagnose patients with PCOS. We compare both prediction models using various error metrics. We call the former model the patient model and the latter, the provider model throughout this paper. Methods In this retrospective study, a publicly available data set of 541 women’s health information collected from 10 different hospitals in Kerala, India, including PCOS status, was acquired and used for analysis. We adopted the CatBoost method for classification, K-fold cross-validation for estimating the performance of models, and SHAP (Shapley Additive Explanations) values to explain the importance of each variable. In our subgroup study, we used k-means clustering and Principal Component Analysis to split the data set into 2 distinct BMI subgroups and compared the prediction results as well as the feature importance between the 2 subgroups. Results We achieved 81% to 82.5% prediction accuracy of PCOS status without any invasive measures in the patient models and achieved 87.5% to 90.1% prediction accuracy using both noninvasive and invasive predictor variables in the provider models. Among noninvasive measures, variables including acanthosis nigricans, acne, hirsutism, irregular menstrual cycle, length of menstrual cycle, weight gain, fast food consumption, and age were more important in the models. In medical test results, the numbers of follicles in the right and left ovaries and anti-Müllerian hormone were ranked highly in feature importance. We also reported more detailed results in a subgroup study. Conclusions The proposed prediction models are ultimately expected to serve as a convenient digital platform with which users can acquire pre- or self-diagnosis and counsel for the risk of PCOS, with or without obtaining medical test results. It will enable women to conveniently access the platform at home without delay before they seek further medical care. Clinical providers can also use the proposed prediction tool to help diagnose PCOS in women.
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Santosh, K. C., Nijalingappa Pradeep, Vikas Goel, Raju Ranjan, Ekta Pandey, Piyush Kumar Shukla, and Stephen Jeswinde Nuagah. "Machine Learning Techniques for Human Age and Gender Identification Based on Teeth X-Ray Images." Journal of Healthcare Engineering 2022 (January 4, 2022): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/8302674.
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The use of digital medical images is increasing with advanced computational power that has immensely contributed to developing more sophisticated machine learning techniques. Determination of age and gender of individuals was manually performed by forensic experts by their professional skills, which may take a few days to generate results. A fully automated system was developed that identifies the gender of humans and age based on digital images of teeth. Since teeth are a strong and unique part of the human body that exhibits least subject to risk in natural structure and remains unchanged for a longer duration, the process of identification of gender- and age-related information from human beings is systematically carried out by analyzing OPG (orthopantomogram) images. A total of 1142 digital X-ray images of teeth were obtained from dental colleges from the population of the middle-east part of Karnataka state in India. 80% of the digital images were considered for training purposes, and the remaining 20% of teeth images were for the testing cases. The proposed gender and age determination system finds its application widely in the forensic field to predict results quickly and accurately. The prediction system was carried out using Multiclass SVM (MSVM) classifier algorithm for age estimation and LIBSVM classifier for gender prediction, and 96% of accuracy was achieved from the system.
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Shanas, S., Krishnan G. Anju, and K. Mashhoor. "Identity of cavity nesting honey bees of the Indian subcontinent with description of a new species (Hymenoptera: Apidae: Apinae: Apini: Apis)." ENTOMON 47, no. 3 (September 30, 2022): 197–220. http://dx.doi.org/10.33307/entomon.v47i3.755.
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A new species of cavity nesting honey bees, Apis karinjodian n. sp., endemic to the Western Ghats biodiversity hotspot is described and illustrated. Apis indica Fabricius, 1798 status restored is resurrected from synonymy with Apis cerana Fabricius, 1793. Key to distinguish the three native cavity nesting honey bee species occurring in the Indian subcontinent viz., Apis cerana Fabricius, 1793, Apis indica Fabricius, 1798 and Apis karinjodian n. sp. is provided. Distribution map is given for the native cavity nesting Apis species of the Indian subcontinent. The morphological description of the new species is supplemented with molecular and behavioral information. Radio-Medial Index (RMI), a new measure for species discrimination in Apis, is proposed. South India is proposed as the center of origin of the European honeybee, Apis mellifera Linnaeus, 1758.
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Masalski, Marcin, and Krzysztof Morawski. "Worldwide Prevalence of Hearing Loss Among Smartphone Users: Cross-Sectional Study Using a Mobile-Based App." Journal of Medical Internet Research 22, no. 7 (July 23, 2020): e17238. http://dx.doi.org/10.2196/17238.
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Background In addition to the aging process, risk factors for hearing loss in adults include, among others, exposure to noise, use of ototoxic drugs, genetics, and limited access to medical care. Differences in exposure to these factors are bound to be reflected in the prevalence of hearing loss. Assessment of hearing loss can easily be carried out on a large scale and at low cost using mobile apps. Objective This study aimed to conduct a worldwide assessment of the differences in hearing loss prevalence between countries in a group of mobile device users. Methods Hearing tests were conducted using the open-access Android-based mobile app Hearing Test. The app is available free of charge in the Google Play store, provided that consent to the use of the results for scientific purposes is given. This study included hearing tests carried out on device models supported by the app with bundled headphones in the set. Calibration factors for supported models were determined using the biological method. The tests consisted of self-determining the quietest audible tone in the frequency range from 250 Hz to 8 kHz by adjusting its intensity using the buttons. The ambient noise level was optionally monitored using a built-in microphone. Following the test, the user could compare his hearing threshold against age norms by providing his or her age. The user's location was identified based on the phone’s IP address. Results From November 23, 2016 to November 22, 2019, 733,716 hearing tests were conducted on 236,716 mobile devices across 212 countries. After rejecting the tests that were incomplete, performed with disconnected headphones, not meeting the time criterion, repeated by the same user, or carried out regularly on one device, 116,733 of 733,716 tests (15.9%) were qualified for further analysis. The prevalence of hearing loss, defined as the average threshold at frequencies 0.5 kHz, 1 kHz, 2 kHz, and 4 kHz above 25 dB HL in the better ear, was calculated at 15.6% (95% CI 15.4-15.8). Statistically significant differences were found between countries (P<.001), with the highest prevalences for Bangladesh, Pakistan, and India (>28%) and the lowest prevalences for Taiwan, Finland, and South Korea (<11%). Conclusions Hearing thresholds measured by means of mobile devices were congruent with the literature data on worldwide hearing loss prevalence. Uniform recruitment criteria simplify the comparison of the hearing loss prevalence across countries. Hearing testing on mobile devices may be a valid tool in epidemiological studies carried out on a large scale.
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Dangor, Faheem, Gijsbert Hoogendoorn, and Raeesa Moolla. "Medical tourism by Indian-South Africans to India: an exploratory investigation." Bulletin of Geography. Socio-economic Series 29, no. 29 (September 1, 2015): 19–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/bog-2015-0022.
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Abstract Medical tourism is a well-established sector in developing countries, and attracts a significant number of tourists from developed countries. Medical tourism is a strong driver of economic growth, but some argue that this kind of tourism promotes inequality in terms of access to healthcare facilities in both developing and developed countries. Whilst research has been conducted on medical tourists travelling to South Africa, no research has focused on the geography of South Africans travelling abroad for medical tourist activities. This study therefore sought to obtain first-hand information from Indian-South African citizens who have partaken in medical tourism in India. Data was gathered through personal, semi-structured interviews conducted with 54 individuals. It was ascertained that the majority of the individuals interviewed in this study travelled to India primarily for medical treatment, while tourist activities were a secondary objective. A smaller proportion of interviewees travelled to India for vacation, with medical care being a secondary motivation, or an impulse due to the low cost of treatment and convenience. Medical tourism by Indian-South Africans travelling to India highlights various shortfalls in South African medical care, including a lack of treatment availability, a poorer quality of service, medical expertise abroad, and the higher cost incurred locally.
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Sagar, Sheelu, Rohit Rastogi, Vikas Garg, and Ishwar V. Basavaraddi. "Impact of Meditation on Quality of Life of Employees." International Journal of Reliable and Quality E-Healthcare 11, no. 1 (January 1, 2022): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijrqeh.305843.
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The article presents a conceptual and empirical research study with future scope for wellness programs for organizational health promotion and mental well-being. The study focuses on virtual programs on meditation or mindfulness integrated with artificial intelligence (AI). That adds to the literature, which is relatively minor on this subject. Meditation can be a powerful organizational resource to improve employee efficiency, emotional stability, well-being, and stress. Young engineers of middle-hierarchy employed at PPS International, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India (n=30), all males, were given an eight-week meditation intervention. The experimental group showed significant and influential improvements over control-group participants of the World Health Organization (WHO)-issued quality-of-life scale. The different domains studied were perception, physical health, psychological health, social relationships, and environment.
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Hessell, Nikki. "John Keats and Indian Medicine." Romanticism 22, no. 2 (July 2016): 157–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/rom.2016.0271.
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John Keats's medical studies at Guy's Hospital coincided with a boom in interest in both the traditional medicines of the sub-continent and the experiences of British doctors and patients in India. Despite extensive scholarship on the impact of Keats's medical knowledge on his poetry, little consideration has been given to Keats's exposure to Indian medicine. The poetry that followed his time at Guy's contains numerous references to the contemporary state of knowledge about India and its medical practices, both past and present. This essay focuses on Isabella and considers the major sources of information about Indian medicine in the Regency. It proposes that some of Keats's medical imagery might be read as a specific response to the debates about medicine in the sub-continent.
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Westercamp, Matthew, Paul Malpiedi, Amber Vasquez, Danica Gomes, Carmen Hazim, Benjamin J. Park, and Rachel Smith. "Supporting Healthcare-Associated Infection (HAI) Surveillance in Resource-Limited Settings: Lessons Learned, 2015–2019." Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology 41, S1 (October 2020): s395—s396. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/ice.2020.1037.
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Background: Since 2015, the CDC has supported the development and implementation of healthcare-associated infection (HAI) surveillance in resource-limited settings through technical support of case definitions and methods that are feasible with existing surveillance capacity and integration with clinical care to maximize sustainability and data use for action. Methods: Surveillance initiatives included facility-level implementation programs in Kenya, Sierra Leone, Thailand, and Georgia; larger national or regional network-level projects in India and Vietnam were also supported. For assessment and planning, surveillance capacities were grouped into 3 domains: staff, informatics, and diagnostic capacities. Based on these capacities, simplified case definitions surveillance methodologies were devised to balance resources and effort with the anticipated value and use of findings. Results: There was broad understanding of the importance of HAI surveillance; however, the required resources and other challenges (eg, training, staffing, quality of available data) were underappreciated. Staff capacities were often influenced by a lack of dedicated surveillance staff and limited experience in systematic data collection and analysis. Informatics capacities were generally limited by the lack of digital data management, nonstandardized clinical data collection and storage, and the inability to assign and maintain unique patient identifiers. We found that capacity for diagnostics, a critical component of traditional HAI surveillance systems, was limited by its availability, frequency of use, and inconsistent rationale in clinical care. We found that successful surveillance strategies were generally simple, matched existing capacities, and targeted specific HAI priorities identified by clinical teams. For example, in Kenya and Sierra Leone, participating facilities established, with minimal external support, simplified SSI surveillance among post–caesarean-delivery patients. These initiatives improved integration of surveillance with clinical care through encouraging participation of the clinical team in surveillance and planning. Furthermore, these models directly linked surveillance activities to improved patient care (eg, combined clinical checklists with surveillance data collection forms). Discussion: In resource-limited settings, the local cost and effort required to establish and sustain the necessary infrastructure for HAI surveillance can be substantial. Establishing actionable and sustainable HAI surveillance can be achieved through simplifying HAI surveillance to match existing capacities and can result in valuable surveillance programs, even in very resource-limited settings.Funding: NoneDisclosures: None
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Saha, Saibal Kumar, Anindita Adhikary, Ajeya Jha, Sangita Saha, and Bedanta Bora. "Probability of Medication Adherence When Alarm Is Used as a Reminder." International Journal of Reliable and Quality E-Healthcare 11, no. 1 (January 1, 2022): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijrqeh.305221.
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The main objective of this research is to find the effect of alarm as a form of reminder in improving medication adherence rate. Medication non-adherence is a problem that adversely impacts patients' health, finances, and longevity. Several factors are associated with medication non-adherence. This research uses the method of probability estimates, risk difference, relative risk, and odds ratio to analyze the probability of an increase in medication adherence among patients who use the alarm as a form of reminder. By clustered sampling and a structured questionnaire, 525 responses were obtained from patients suffering from different types of diseases in the state of Sikkim, India. It has been observed that using the alarm as a form of reminder significantly improves adherence rates. The odds of not missing a dose reduces to 49.3%. At a personal level, the chance of not missing the dose reduces by 32.6%, and if the total population is considered, 16.4% of people will not skip the dose if a reminder in the form of an alarm is used.
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Parthasarathi, Gurumurthy, Madhan Ramesh, Karin Nyfort-Hansen, and Bahubali Gundappa Nagavi. "Clinical Pharmacy in a South Indian Teaching Hospital." Annals of Pharmacotherapy 36, no. 5 (May 2002): 927–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1345/aph.1a223.
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OBJECTIVE: To describe how clinical pharmacy is helping to improve medication use at a South Indian teaching hospital by addressing medication use problems, which are commonly encountered in India. SUMMARY: Clinical pharmacy is practiced in many countries and makes a significant contribution to improved drug therapy and patient care. India is a country with significant problems with medication use, but until recently Indian pharmacists have not been educated for a patient-care role. Postgraduate pharmacy practice programs have been established at 2 pharmacy colleges in South India as a result of a joint Indo-Australian program of cooperation. At a teaching hospital associated with the colleges, clinical pharmacy services such as drug information, medication counseling, drug therapy review, adverse drug reaction reporting, and the preparation of antibiotic guidelines are assisting clinicians to improve drug therapy and patient care. Seven hundred twenty-seven requests for drug information were received from July 1997 to February 2001, and 543 suspected adverse drug reactions were evaluated from November 1997 to February 2001. The most common drug classes causing adverse drug reactions were antibiotics, nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs, and antitubercular agents. Physician opinion and service utilization have also been surveyed: 82% of respondents had sought drug information from the Clinical Pharmacy Department and 71% of respondents had sought advice on individual patient management. The success of this program is raising awareness of clinical pharmacy among pharmacy educators elsewhere in India and has led to the introduction of clinical pharmacy services at other Indian hospitals.
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Smith, Robert D., and Mohandas K. Mallath. "History of the Growing Burden of Cancer in India: From Antiquity to the 21st Century." Journal of Global Oncology, no. 5 (December 2019): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jgo.19.00048.
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This review traces the growing burden of cancer in India from antiquity. We searched PubMed, Internet Archive, the British Library, and several other sources for information on cancer in Indian history. Paleopathology studies from Indus Valley Civilization sites do not reveal any malignancy. Cancer-like diseases and remedies are mentioned in the ancient Ayurveda and Siddha manuscripts from India. Cancer was rarely mentioned in the medieval literature from India. Cancer case reports from India began in the 17th century. Between 1860 and 1910, several audits and cancer case series were published by Indian Medical Service doctors across India. The landmark study by Nath and Grewal used autopsy, pathology, and clinical data between 1917 and 1932 from various medical college hospitals across India to confirm that cancer was a common cause of death in middle-aged and elderly Indians. India’s cancer burden was apparently low as a result of the short life expectancy of the natives in those times. In 1946, a national committee on health reforms recommended the creation of sufficient facilities to diagnose and manage the increasing cancer burden in all Indian states. Trends from the Mumbai population-based cancer registry revealed a four-fold increase in patients with cancer from 1964 to 2012. Depending on the epidemiologic transition level, wide interstate variation in cancer burden is found in India. We conclude that cancer has been recognized in India since antiquity. India’s current burden of a million incident cancers is the result of an epidemiologic transition, improved cancer diagnostics, and improved cancer data capture. The increase in cancer in India with wide interstate variations offers useful insights and important lessons for developing countries in managing their increasing cancer burdens.
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Mansi Deshwal, Manju Nagpal, Gitika Arora Dhingra, and Geeta Aggarwal. "An updated review on Materiovigilance for safe use of medical devices." International Journal of Drug Regulatory Affairs 8, no. 4 (December 15, 2020): 5–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.22270/ijdra.v8i4.428.
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In the last two decades, there has been an upsurge in the volume of medical devices and thereby increasing medical device-related adverse events. So, materiovigilance is an essential system for identifying, collecting, reporting and analysing adverse events related to medical devices. The Vigilance programme for the medical device was initiated in many countries many years ago but, is a quite new concept for India. The Materiovigilance programme in India was launched on July 6 2015, at the Indian Pharmacopoeial Commission (IPC) with the objective of monitoring adverse events, thereby reducing risks related to use of medical devices and also creating awareness among different stakeholders for improving patients’ safety. The intent of this review article is to provide holistic understanding of medical device related adverse events; classification, reporting criteria, what, where, how, who and why, timeframe and tools used for reporting. Data collected using various search engines and compiled to give complete information regarding the subject matter. The thorough understanding of current status of materiovigilance programme in India including challenges involved in the programme and future directions for improving has been stated. Case studies have been reviewed for Johnson & Johnson’s faulty hip implant and Medtronic premature battery depletion. Implementation of Materiovigilance programme of India (MvPI) version 1.1 lead to safeguard the health of device user by preventing recurrence and risk associated with medical device.
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Konstantinov, Vsevolod, Alexander Reznik, Masood Zangeneh, Valentina Gritsenko, Natallia Khamenka, Vitaly Kalita, and Richard Isralowitz. "Foreign Medical Students in Eastern Europe: Knowledge, Attitudes and Beliefs about Medical Cannabis for Pain Management." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 4 (February 22, 2021): 2137. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18042137.
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Objective: To assess the knowledge, attitudes, and beliefs of foreign students toward the use of medical cannabis (MC) for pain management. Methods: This study uses data collected from 549 foreign students from India (n = 289) and Middle Eastern countries mostly from Egypt, Iran, Syria, and Jordan (n = 260) studying medicine in Russia and Belarus. Data collected from Russian and Belarusian origin medical students (n = 796) were used for comparison purposes. Pearson’s chi-squared and t-test were used to analyze the data. Results: Foreign students’ country of origin and gender statuses do not tend to be correlated with medical student responses toward medical cannabis use. Students from Russia and Belarus who identified as secular, compared to those who were religious, reported more positive attitudes toward medical cannabis and policy change. Conclusions: This study is the first to examine the attitudes, knowledge, and beliefs toward medical cannabis among foreign students from India and Middle Eastern countries studying in Russia and Belarus, two countries who oppose its recreational and medicine use. Indian and Middle Eastern students, as a group, tend to be more supportive of MC than their Russian and Belarusian counterparts. These results may be linked to cultural and historical reasons. This study provides useful information for possible medical and allied health curriculum and education purposes.
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Bhandari, Sudhir, Shaktawat Singh, Amit Tak, Bhoopendra Patel, Jitentdra Gupta, Kapil Gupta, Shivankan Kakkar, Shah Darshan, Ayesha Arora, and Amitabh Dube. "Independent role of CT chest scan in COVID-19 prognosis: Evidence from the machine learning classification." Scripta Medica 52, no. 4 (2021): 273–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/scriptamed52-34457.
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Background: The current coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) pandemic call attention to the key role informatics play in healthcare. The present study discovers an independent role of computerised tomography chest (CT) scans in prognosis of COVID-19 using classification learning algorithms. Methods: In this retrospective study, 57 RT PCR positive COVID-19 patients were enrolled from SMS Medical College, Jaipur (Rajasthan, India) after approval from the Institutional Ethics Committee. A set of 21 features including clinical findings and laboratory parameters and chest CT severity score were recorded. The CT score with mild, moderate and severe categories was chosen as response variable. The dimensionality reduction of feature space was performed and classifiers including, decision trees, K-nearest neighbours, support vector machine and ensemble learning were trained with principal components. The model with highest accuracy and area under the ROC curve (AUC) was selected. Results: The median age of patients was 55 years (range: 20-99 years) with 37 males. The feature space was reduced from 21 to 7 predictors, that included fever, cough, fibrin degradation products, haemoglobin, neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio, ferritin and procalcitonin. The linear support vector machine was chosen as the best classifier with 73.7 % and 0.69 accuracy and AUC for severe CT chest score, respectively. The variance contributed by first three principal components were 97.5 %, 2.4 % and 0.0 %, respectively. Conclusion: In view of low degree of relationships between predictors and chest CT scan severity score category as interpreted from accuracy and AUC it can be concluded that chest CT scan has an independent role in the prognosis of COVID-19 patients.
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Shah, Chinmay. "Case study: library usage at an Indian medical college." Health Information & Libraries Journal 28, no. 1 (December 27, 2010): 77–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-1842.2010.00926.x.
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Karandikar, Pratibha M., and Motilal C. Tayade. "Application of Robotics Technology in Clinical Practice in India." Asian Journal of Medical Sciences 5, no. 1 (September 4, 2013): 29–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ajms.v5i1.7991.
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Background: The field of mechanical engineering in association with electronics and computer science concerned with developing robotic devices that can move and react to sensory input. However the implementations and application of robotics in clinical practice was really a question? We planned to study the assessment of awareness, will and work level of medical robotics from medical professionals in clinical practice in India. Study Design: We used self prepared model questioner containing information related to applications, awareness, will etc. of medical professionals for application of medical robotics in clinical practice. The questioner was approved by IJBAMR Forum, Pune, India. The data was collected during June 2012 to January 2013. Such 220 questionnaires were filled and analyzed. Observations and Results: Only 1.36 % professionals observed with professional training. It was also observed that, only 54.54% professionals were known about current aspects about robotics application & knowledge regarding training centers. Conclusion: It is promising fact found in study that 88.63% professionals were very excited and willful for the application of robotics in their practice in future. From our study, it is concluded that there is noted a huge lake of awareness regarding application of medical robotics technology in Indian medical professionals. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ajms.v5i1.7991 Asian Journal of Medical Science Vol.5(1) 2014 pp.29-33
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Chandran, Viji Pulikkel, Sohil Khan, Girish Pai Kulyadi, Elsa Sanatombi Devi, and Girish Thunga. "Evidence based medicine and pharmacy curriculum: an insight into Indian perspective." Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science 19, no. 4 (April 12, 2020): 603–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjms.v19i4.46613.
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World Health Organization recommends doctor population ratio as 1: 1000 and in India the ratio is 0.62: 1000. With the ever growing population and tremendous patient pool in India the significant challenge faced by clinicians is lack of skilled allied health professionals who can assist in providing timely, unbiased, critically appraised health information. Pharmacists are the most accessible health professionals and thereby crucial in facilitating rational medication usage and working closely with the public and multidisciplinary health care team. The goal of patient care can be achieved through the focused skill development programs embedded in health students’ curriculum. Indian pharmacy curriculum should be fostered with inclusion of evidence based medicine focused training programs, workshops, case studies, digital stories, e - pocket cards and simulations. This article represents current status of evidence based medicine learning and teaching in Indian pharmacy curriculum.
Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol.19(4) 2020 p.603-608
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Chauhan, Neha, Manjunath B. C, Vipul Yadav, Bhavna Sabbarwal, Jadhav Sachin Kumar, and Adarsh Kumar. "COVID-19 Vaccine Development in India during Janaury 2021- December 2021: A Narrative Review." Saudi Journal of Medicine 7, no. 2 (February 24, 2022): 118–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.36348/sjm.2022.v07i02.006.
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The review was undertaken to evaluate the development of COVID-19 vaccines in India. This review highlights the different types of platforms to develop COVID-19 vaccines, about the safety and efficacy of available COVID-19 vaccines and various strategies applied by government to increase vaccination doses in India. The analysis was done based on data extraction from online electronic databases and utilized all the data available from the WHO, CDC, Indian Government and State Government official portal for COVID-19 vaccines. Search engines like Google Scholar and PubMed were thoroughly searched for keywords like term “COVID-19 vaccines [AND] India, COVID-19 vaccine development [AND] India”, “COVID-19 vaccine Safety and efficacy [AND] India”, “COVID-19 vaccination [AND] India”. Forty articles were searched based on titles, 10 were excluded after reading the abstract. After scrutinizing all retrieved data only ten highly relevant articles were included in the final analysis. Data available from official portal for COVID-19 vaccination daily updates were collected and used as source data for the current study. Hence the data given in the study completely available from the public source. Despite significant increases in the number of well-trained health personnel, facilities, and sophisticated medical equipment, as well as increased access to and sharing of up-to-date scientific and medical information in many countries, the COVID-19 pandemic has proven that pandemic preparedness remains a major global issue that must be addressed urgently.
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Vasudevan, Senthilvel. "http://ijmsnr.com/a-view-on-conducting-research-and-applications-of-biostatistics-is-essential-to-medical-education/." International Journal of Medical Sciences and Nursing Research 2, no. 1 (March 31, 2022): 17–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.55349/ijmsnr.2022211719.
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Research is the main key method of the advancement of medical field. It is a continuous process and it gives the new and best method/way of new treatment/way of medication in the medical field. It is an important and essential education method in the medical education curriculum in India. Not only in India, doing research and submission it in a proper way or method is a mandatory procedure in the medical education process in worldwide medical education. Anybody wants to prove their finding in medical or any other field then; they will do some research with proper permission and procedure and submit their finding using by biostatistical tools and applications and to prove scientifically in a proper way. Research is very much useful to find the consequences, and other information about Covid-19 pandemic to doctors/scientist/health care providers’/policy makers/State and Central Governments to take necessary precautionary measures. Biostatistics means the application of statistical tools to scientific research in health care related areas like medicine, biology, and public health. From research only, one can prove or develop a new method or tools or procedure to a new area/field by using biostatistical tools or methods. Research and applications of biostatistical tools are interrelated with each other. Without using of biostatistical tools, no one has to prove their findings are scientifically. So, it is the back bone of any kind research/study. These two things are very important in our Indian medical education/curriculum and other foreign countries also. So, in this short communication, I have to discuss about the needs and importance of research and biostatistics concepts and its applications in the under graduate and post graduate medical education. Keywords: medical education, medical curriculum, under and post graduate students, research, biostatistical tools, India
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Tomar, Amit. "Swine flu infection inhibition by Mansoa alliacea (Lam.) A.H. Gentry (Lehsunbel)." Journal of Non Timber Forest Products 25, no. 3 (September 1, 2018): 181–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.54207/bsmps2000-2018-5p3ef8.
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The Indian System of medicines has played an important role in our country in providing medical care since antiquity. India is a country with a strong attachment to the using of traditional or folk medicine. The main aim of this work was to collect the information on treating swine flu infection by Lehsunbel (Mansoa alliacea) decoction, infusion and tincture.The new informations are based on the detailed oral interviews held with Vaidhyas, Hakims and elderly village people, who have knowledge of medicinal uses of plants and mostly use them in treating ailments.
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Tomar, Amit. "COVID-19 Infection Inhibition by Nimbu (Citrus limon Linn.) Infusion, Decoction and Tincture." INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PLANT AND ENVIRONMENT 7, no. 02 (July 15, 2021): 178–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.18811/ijpen.v7i02.10.
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The Indian System of medicines has played a vital role in our country in providing medical care to the society since antiquity. India is a country with a strong attachment for the traditional or folk medicine. The main aim of the present study was to collect the scattered information on treating corona virus infection by Nimbu (Citrus limon (L.) Rutaceae family) infusion, decoction, and tincture with its phytoconstituents. The latest collected information was based on the detailed interviews with Vaidyas, Hakims and elderly village people, who have the knowledge of medicinal use of plants based on experiences of using them in treating their own common ailments.
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Vicziany, Marika, and Jaideep Hardikar. "Can Self-Administered Rapid Antigen Tests (RATs) Help Rural India? An Evaluation of the CoviSelf Kit as a Response to the 2019–2022 COVID-19 Pandemic." Diagnostics 12, no. 3 (March 6, 2022): 644. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics12030644.
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This paper evaluates India’s first officially approved self-administered rapid antigen test kit against COVID-19, a device called CoviSelf. The context is rural India. Rapid antigen tests (RATs) are currently popular in situations where vaccination rates are low, where sections of the community remain unvaccinated, where the COVID-19 pandemic continues to grow and where easy or timely access to RTPCR (reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction) testing is not an option. Given that rural residents make up 66% of the Indian population, our evaluation focuses on the question of whether this self-administered RAT could help protect villagers and contain the Indian pandemic. CoviSelf has two components: the test and IT (information technology) parts. Using discourse analysis, a qualitative methodology, we evaluate the practicality of the kit on the basis of data in its instructional leaflet, reports about India’s ‘digital divide’ and our published research on the constraints of daily life in Indian villages. This paper does not provide a scientific assessment of the effectiveness of CoviSelf in detecting infection. As social scientists, our contribution sits within the field of qualitative studies of medical and health problems. Self-administered RATs are cheap, quick and reasonably reliable. Hence, point-of-care testing at the doorsteps of villagers has much potential, but realising the benefits of innovative, diagnostic medical technologies requires a realistic understanding of the conditions in Indian villages and designing devices that work in rural situations. This paper forms part of a larger project regarding the COVID-19 pandemic in rural India. A follow-up study based on fieldwork is planned for 2022–2023.
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Limaye, Dnyanesh, Gerhard Fortwengel, Ravi Shankar Pitani, Sushama Sathe, Sanika Chivate, Prabhas Jagadale, Farah Saeed, et al. "Perception of university students about doctors and quality of health care provision at clinics: a multi-national study in India, Pakistan, Spain and United States of America." International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences 8, no. 1 (December 25, 2019): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20195626.
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Background: Patient satisfaction is considered as an indicator of the healthcare quality. Information on patient satisfaction based on medical expertise of the physician, interpersonal skills, physician-patient interaction time, perception and needs of the patient allow policymakers to identify areas for improvement. Primary care services and healthcare structure differ between the countries. The present study was done to determine and analyze the determinants associated with patient satisfaction in India, Pakistan, Spain and USA.Methods: This descriptive study was performed in January to August 2019 among students from Mumbai University, India, Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, Pakistan, University CEU Cardenal Herrera, Valencia, Spain, Texas State University, Texas, USA. On the basis of the eligibility criterion (those who gave a written informed consent and were registered students of respective university) 890 (India: 369, Pakistan: 128, Spain: 195, USA: 99) students were selected for the present study.Results: India had almost similar male (49%) to female (51%) ratio of participants. For other 3 countries (PK, ES, US), female participant percentage was nearly 20% or even more as compared to male participants. Overall participant’s satisfaction score about medial expertise of the doctor were highest in India (71%) and were lowest in Spain (43%). Overall satisfaction score about time spent with doctor were highest for India (64%) and were lowest for Spain (41%). Overall satisfaction score about communication with doctor were highest for US (60%) and were lowest for PK (53%). Overall satisfaction score for medical care given by the doctor was lowest in PK (43%) and was highest in US (64%). Overall satisfaction about doctor, highest number of US (83%) and lowest number of PK (32%) participants were satisfied about medical interaction with doctors.Conclusions: These multi-country findings can provide information for health policy making in India, Pakistan, Spain and USA. Although the average satisfaction per country, except Pakistan is more than 60%, the results suggest that there is ample room for improvement.
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Quraishi, Haider Ali, Naquibul Islam, Arsheed Iqbal, Shabir Ahmad Bhat, Jameel Ahmed, Syed Sabahat Ashraf, and Qamar Alam Khan. "Therapeutical and medicinal properties of Neem (Azadirachta indica) in context of Unani system of medicine: a review study." Journal of Drug Delivery and Therapeutics 8, no. 6-s (December 15, 2018): 394–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.22270/jddt.v8i6-s.2141.
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Neem is very important medicinal plant which is used to treat different diseases in Unani System of Medicine as well as traditional system of medicine (Ayurveda, Homeopathic Chines and European “Materia Medica”). The use of traditional medicine and medicinal plants in most developing countries, as a normative basis for the maintenance of good health, has been widely observed. In the last century, approximately 130 pharmaceutical products have been discovered based on the information obtained from the traditional scientist and physician. The importance of the neem tree has been recognized by the US National Academy of Sciences, which publish a report in 1992 entiteled ‘Neem- a tree for solving global problems’. The scientific name of neem, Azadirachta indica, is derived from the Persian, Azad means “Free” dirakht means “tree” I-Hindi means “of Indian Origin” .Hence it literally means “the free tree of India”. The Chemical principles from natural sources have become much simpler and have contributed significantly to the development of new drugs from medicinal plants and because of these facts the domain market for plant derived chemicals, pharmaceuticals, fragrances, flavor’s, and color ingredients, alone exceeds several billion dollars per year. The present review highlights a Unani medicine literature as well as scientific on taxonomical, botanical, and pharmacological discussion on Neem.
Keywords: Neem, Azadirachta indica, Unani Medicine, Nim.
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Basu, Anindansu, and Deb Kumar Majumder. "The Indian telemedicine challenge: in current evolving pandemic." International Journal Of Community Medicine And Public Health 8, no. 9 (August 27, 2021): 4646. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20213580.
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The unparalleled Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outburst has ushered a radical change in the conventional healthcare industry in India. The unprecedented lockdown and the ongoing COVID crisis has reincarnated telemedicine practice for the unforeseeable future. The Indian government was quick to realise it and laid guidelines for its practice across video, audio, or text. The teleconsultation is basically doctor-patient interaction bridged by information technology over an online platform to receive essential health-care services. All doctor-patient relationships thrive on mutual trust which is hardly established over first time virtual consultation considering the emotions of the majority of Indian population and its inertia to change. The medical fraternity though initially uncomfortable with these changes are slowly adapting to this new reality over the last one and half years. The recent guidelines, 2020 have bestowed full onus on the doctor as to decide whether tele-consultation is sufficient or is in-patient evaluation required based on patient complexities. But if any untoward event, delay to urgent care or malpractice happens out of this, will the doctor be held responsible and if yes, is it going to be covered under medical indemnity? Moreover, telemedicine platform being a mix of medical sciences and information technology is governed by laws of both making it complicated, with a steep learning curve for all concerned. Besides the right to privacy is fundamental in medical ethics and stands undebated in telemedicine too. The responsibility of harbouring and protecting the information rests primarily on the doctor. But there is till date no regulatory body that authorises the tech platforms with specific legislations and regulations making seepage of sensitive and personal data and information (SPDI) a certain possibility. In the western world any platform that deals with protected health information (PHI) must be Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) compliant ensuring data security, unlike India. The more telemedicine gains traction and computerised operations are being used to keep tag of digital health records, radiology, pharmacy and laboratory systems, security concerns will proportionately increase. Additionally, the technology platforms have been given the rights to analyse the credibility of the doctors and regulate consultation fees with no government monitoring inviting probable disastrous consequences. They at times act as middlemen between the doctor, pharmacies, laboratories and patients serving their own vested interests. They often advertise promotional offers to lure in patients flouting all moral ethics for business/to increase their market share. Additionally their terms and conditions and grievance section are framed mostly in a way that the doctor eventually becomes the scapegoat in any untoward development. Apprehending these potential loopholes, the U.S.A has passed The Health Information Technology for Economic and Clinical Health (HITECH) Act (2009) to maintain vigilance over ePHI security, offsite backup in IT failure, methods of data storage and transfer as per HIPAA standards and to penalise in case of defaulters. On the other hand currently there is no formalised policy for insurance reimbursement like most developed nations. The current pandemic push has bolstered the telemedicine growth and the market share is expected to cross $5.5 billion by 2025 in India. But for successful integration of telemedicine with normal practice in future one needs to define and compartmentalise the role of doctors and tech platforms with comprehensive legislations so that medical decisions are taken not based on personal interests but for optimal patient care. Otherwise in the quest for a new avatar in Indian healthcare system we might just end up creating another Frankenstein's monster.
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Charkin, Richard. "Innovation, Creativity and the Unrealized Potential of Indian Trade Publishing." Logos 33, no. 2-3 (December 29, 2022): 51–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/18784712-03104040.
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Abstract Since his first trip to India in 1975, Richard Charkin has been associated with Indian publishing, particularly the trade segment, in various ways. A vibrant and multidimensional market with possibly the biggest potential for growth, India supports a healthy mix of conglomerate and independent publishers who benefit from a world-class literary community, professional workforce and the best IT brains around. There are also a clear set of challenges and roadblocks that have kept India a relative minnow internationally. Digital distribution will continue to grow as a percentage of the total market. Going ahead, the market will be fuelled not by international companies but by Indian businesses that shed legacy ways of operating and with strong financial investment from Indian funds.
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Johnson, Liaquat R., Junaida Sulfy, Lishana Shajahan, Manirsha P. Vayalil, Ananthan A. S. Mangalathumannil, and Masoodha M. Palli Thodi. "Medical students and the National Medical Commission bill: negativity and misinformation combine." International Journal Of Community Medicine And Public Health 5, no. 11 (October 25, 2018): 4739. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20184224.
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Background: The National Medical Commission bill (NMC bill) was drafted in response to concerns regarding medical education and healthcare in India. It seeks to reform medical education in India. However, a storm of protests by medical students and doctors erupted after it was tabled in parliament. This study was conducted to determine medical students’ knowledge of, and attitude towards the NMC bill.Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted among medical students in a private medical college in south India. A tool based on each section of the NMC bill was developed to assess knowledge. Attitude was assessed using a 5-point Likert scale. Separate knowledge and attitude scores were computed. Statistical analyses were performed using EZR (version 1.36). Descriptive statistics, Chi-square test, logistic regression analyses were performed.Results: Only 74 (31.49%) had adequate knowledge of the NMC bill. The major source of information regarding the NMC Bill was social media (191; 81.28%), followed by newspapers (107; 45.53%). Those who were aware of the amendments to the bill; and who received information about the bill from newspapers were significantly more likely to have adequate knowledge. Participation in IMA protest rally was significantly associated with negative attitude; belonging to main (regular) batch was significantly associated with positive attitude towards the bill. Superior knowledge was not associated with positive attitude towards the bill.Conclusions: Medical students lack knowledge about the NMC bill, but have strong negative attitude towards it. Negative attitude is significantly associated with participation in IMA protest rally against NMC bill.
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Sachdeva, Sandeep, T. R. Sachdev, Ruchi Sachdeva, Nidhi Dwivedi, and Neha Taneja. "Published research studies conducted amongst Indian medical undergraduate students: Bibliometric Analysis." Indian Journal of Community Health 29, no. 3 (September 30, 2017): 287–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.47203/ijch.2017.v29i03.013.
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Objective: Evaluation of published original research conducted amongst Indian medical undergraduate students. Methodology: A systematic review was undertaken using keywords “MBBS students” or “medical students” or “health students” or “university students” and “India” through search engines, PUBMED and Google scholar. Considering feasibility, time frame of published original research article was restricted to one-year only i.e. 2016. Research domain, research design, author and other bibliometric details of research manuscript were captured using check-list and analysis carried out using descriptive statistics. Results: A total of 99 suitable original research articles were identified under certain criteria and considered in present analysis. With regard to thematic research domain, highest, 29 (29.2%) articles were related to teaching and learning process followed by 13 (13.1%) to mental health (depression, anxiety, sleep, spirituality) of students; 07 (7.0%) were based on physical fitness/ exercise/yoga; and substance abuse (6.0%) amongst medical students etc. Nearly, 86 (86.8%) of articles were cross-sectional descriptive based studies while 13 (13.1%) had intervention based research design. A total of 34 (34.3%) research articles could be labeled as “KAP” (knowledge, attitude and practice) survey. Department wise detail of corresponding author was largely dominated by faculty from pre and para-clinical departments. Highest was community medicine in (35.3%) articles, pharmacology (23.2%), physiology (17.1%), microbiology (6.0%), and biochemistry (4.0%) etc. The studies covered an average sample size of 188.8 MBBS students (20-360, range); 57.5% of research article covered students from only one professional year. However, in 42 (42.4%) articles there was no further mention of gender based sample information. Out of all the references used in research articles, only 57.3% were of recent (2005-2015) origin while the rest were from older time-frame. Conclusion: A systematic evaluation of published original research articles conducted upon MBBS undergraduate students studying in Indian medical colleges was undertaken, probably first of its kind in India. In conclusion, diverse topics of research have been conducted by the teaching faculties and this study provides the over-view of the same