Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Medical care – Political aspects – Germany'
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1
Krapf, Elizabeth Maria. "Euthanasia, the Ethics of Patient Care and the Language of Propaganda." PDXScholar, 2012. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/606.
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This thesis is an examination of euthanasia, eugenics, the ethic of patient care, and linguistic propaganda in the Second World War. The examination of euthanasia discusses not only the history and involvement of the facility at Hadamar in Germany, but also discuss the current euthanasia debate. Euthanasia in World War II arose out of the Nazi desire to cleanse the Reich and was greatly influenced by the American eugenics movement of the early 20th century. Eugenics was built up to include anyone considered undesirable and unworthy of life and killed many thousands of people before the invasion of allied troops in 1944. Paramount to euthanasia is forced sterilization, the ethic of patient care, and how the results of the research conducted on euthanasia victims before their deaths should be used. The Nazis were able to change the generally accepted terms that researchers use to describe their experiments and this change affected how modern doctors and researchers use the terms in current research. This thesis includes research conducted in Germany and the United States from varied resources.
2
Bhatia, Vandna Coleman William D. "Political discourse and policy change: Health reform in Canada and Germany /." *McMaster only, 2004.
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3
Morrell, Eric Douglas. "WHO ARE YOU CALLING NORMAL! – THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN SPECIES FUNCTION AND HEALTH CARE JUSTICE." Thesis, Connect to resource online, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1805/1699.
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Thesis (M.A.)--Indiana University, 2008.Includes vitae. Department of Philosophy, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis (IUPUI) Advisor(s): Peter H. Schwartz. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 61-66)
4
Ng, Suk-han Christina, and 伍淑嫺. "The health policy network and policy community in Hong Kong: from concertation to pressure pluralism." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1998. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B38628569.
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Na, Seonsam. "A rebellion in the Korean medicine community : an ethnography of healthcare politics in contemporary South Korea." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2015. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:526e2629-3faf-4d64-9d8d-ce5a3734be98.
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This thesis explores South Korean healthcare politics based on a series of inter-generational conflicts that occurred in a medical community in 2012. The conflicts broke out among 'doctors of Korean medicine', a medical profession unique to Korea practicing a form of medicine of East Asian origin that has recently undergone significant 'bio-medicalization'. Doctors of Korean medicine have the same status as doctors of Western medicine in the country's mainstream healthcare system, although the purview of their practice is legally demarcated. Government policies aimed at the industrialization of pharmaceuticals and the promotion of health among Korea's elderly population were the source of the conflicts that escalated into a group of junior doctors leading to what could be considered a 'rebellion' against the community leaders. The thesis investigates first the socioeconomic and political backgrounds of the conflict. It proposes that elements of intra- and inter-professional politics and the aftermath of the country's re-democratization, economic shock and demographic transition were all important factors. Second, it explores the nature of the rebellion itself by focusing on the emergence of a set of norms and values and on the 'ritual-like' interactions observed during the event. The analysis reveals that during the conflicts the actors referenced certain values and ideologies underpinning their everyday lives and, in doing so, were effectively engaged in the strengthening, rather than the weakening, of existing social structures. This thesis contributes to the study of Korean medicine by revealing the features of its integration into the country's healthcare system and the effects of its bio-medicalization. By describing the process by which new online-based agents of a social movement emerged, it also contributes to the study of hyper-connectivity in Korean society. Finally, the ethnography contributes to the anthropological study of East Asian medicine by illustrating the importance of institutional factors such as politics and the economy in capturing the modes of its contemporary presence.
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Ormond, Meghann E. "International medical travel and the politics of therapeutic place-making in Malaysia." Thesis, University of St Andrews, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10023/1681.
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This thesis examines the shifting relationship between the state and its subjects with regard to responsibility for and entitlement to care. Using Malaysia as a case study the research engages with international medical travel (IMT) as an outcome of the neoliberal retrenchment of the welfare state. I offer a critical reading of postcolonial development strategies that negotiate the benefits and challenges of extending care to non-national subjects. The research draws from relevant media, private-sector and governmental documents and 49 semi-structured, in-depth interviews with IMT proponents and critics representing federal, state and urban governmental authorities, professional associations, civil society, private medical facilities and medical travel agencies in Malaysia’s principal IMT regions (Klang Valley, Penang and Malacca). Across four empirical chapters, the thesis demonstrates how ‘Malaysia’ gets positioned as a destination within a range of imagined geographies of care through a strategic-relational logic of care and hospitality. I argue that this positioning places ‘Malaysian’ subjects and spaces into lucrative global networks in ways that underscore particular narratives of postcolonial hybridity that draw from Malaysia’s ‘developing country’, ‘progressive, moderate Islamic’ and ‘multiethnic’ credentials. In considering the political logics of care-giving, I explore how the extension of care can serve as a place-making technology to re-imagine the state as a provider and protector within a globalising marketplace in which care, increasingly commodified, is tied to the production of new political, social, cultural and economic geographies.
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White, Jill Fredryce. "The commodification of caring : a search for understanding of the impact of the New Zealand health reforms on nursing practice and the nursing profession : a journey of the heart /." Title page, table of contents and abstract only, 2004. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09PH/09phw5822.pdf.
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Bonetto, Michael J. "State legislators' knowledge and perceptions of medical savings accounts and the U.S. health care system : identifying future compromises to health care reform." Thesis, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/1957/28852.
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As researchers, policymakers and employers begin focusing
on consumer driven health plan models and medical savings
accounts (MSAs), a better understanding of the political
viability of such reform initiatives is necessary. The
purpose of this study was to survey state legislators'
knowledge and perceptions of medical savings accounts
(MSAs) and the U.S. health care system in order to identify
potential future compromises to health care reform. In
February 2004, 201 state legislators from nine states
(Alaska, Arizona, Florida, Hawaii, Iowa, Maryland,
Massachusetts, Minnesota and Washington) participated in an
on-line survey. The findings from this study revealed
significant differences between Republican and Democratic
state legislators in their attitudes towards MSAs, level of
satisfaction of the U.S. health care system, and overall
perceptions of the current and future health care systems.
Republican state legislators were 24 times more likely to
support MSAs than Democrats. Results also indicated the
following three areas had possible bipartisan support for
future initiatives: making individuals aware of the actual
costs of health care services, providing equitable access
to health care services for all individuals, and providing
equal tax treatment for those individuals without employer-sponsored
health insurance.Graduation date: 2006
9
Suh, Julia. "The Paradox of Post-Abortion Care: A Global Health Intervention at the Intersection of Medicine, Criminal Justice and Transnational Population Politics in Senegal." Thesis, 2014. https://doi.org/10.7916/D8BV7DR7.
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Sociologists have used boundary work theory to explore the strategies deployed by professionals to define and defend jurisdictional authority in the arenas of the public, the law and the workplace. My dissertation investigates how medical providers and public health professionals negotiate authority over abortion in Senegal. Although induced abortion is prohibited in Senegal, medical providers are permitted to treat complications of spontaneous and induced abortion, known as post-abortion care (PAC). Introduced to Senegal in the late 1990s, the national PAC program is primarily supported by American development aid. This study explores how medical providers manage complications of abortion and in particular, how they circumvent the involvement of criminal justice authorities when they encounter suspected cases of illegal abortion. I also study how boundary work is accomplished transnationally through the practice of PAC within the policy framework of American anti-abortion population assistance and the national prohibition on abortion. Findings are based on an institutional ethnography of Senegal's national PAC program conducted over a period of 19 months between 2009 and 2011. Data collection methods included in-depth interviews with 89 individuals, observation of PAC services, and review of PAC records at three hospitals. I also conducted an archival review of abortion and PAC in court records, the media, and public health literature. Findings show that medical providers and public health professionals perform discursive, technical and written boundary work strategies to maintain authority over PAC. Although these strategies have successfully integrated PAC into maternal health care, they have reinforced the stigma of abortion for women and health professionals. They have also reproduced gendered disparities in access to quality reproductive health care. PAC has been implemented in nearly 50 countries worldwide with varying legal restrictions on abortion. This study illustrates not only how medical professionals practice abortion care in such settings, but also how they navigate a precarious array of medical, legal and global health obligations.
10
Usher, Kimberley. "The politics of health care reform: a comparative analysis of South Africa, Sweden and Canada." Diss., 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/20077.
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Text in EnglishSouth Africa is currently in the process health care reform as the Government has undertaken the task of providing universal health care to all South Africans through the implementation of the National Health Insurance Scheme (NHI). This study took an in-depth look at the history and progression of the post-1994 South African health care policy, and applied the Power Resources Theory to the political economy of the current health care reform process in South Africa. Through a comparative study of the pivotal elements in the phases of health reform in Canada and Sweden this study drew lessons for the design and implementation of universal public health care provision in South Africa. This study found that a strong culture of care, strong political will, active civil society participation and a focus on equality as opposed to poverty in the creation of policy is essential to a successful implementation of universal health care.
Sociology
M.A. (Sociology)
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Usher, Kimberley Ann. "The politics of health care reform: a comparative analysis of South Africa, Sweden and Canada." Diss., 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/20077.
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Text in EnglishSouth Africa is currently in the process health care reform as the Government has undertaken the task of providing universal health care to all South Africans through the implementation of the National Health Insurance Scheme (NHI). This study took an in-depth look at the history and progression of the post-1994 South African health care policy, and applied the Power Resources Theory to the political economy of the current health care reform process in South Africa. Through a comparative study of the pivotal elements in the phases of health reform in Canada and Sweden this study drew lessons for the design and implementation of universal public health care provision in South Africa. This study found that a strong culture of care, strong political will, active civil society participation and a focus on equality as opposed to poverty in the creation of policy is essential to a successful implementation of universal health care.
Sociology
M.A. (Sociology)
12
Leduc, Benoit Rousseau. "Why reforms succeeded or failed : policy competition and regulatory adaptation in Japan’s postwar health policy." Thesis, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/12777.
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This dissertation investigates the position that interest groups occupy in the decisionmaking
process of the government of Japan from case studies in the area of health
policy. Three important points are demonstrated. First, the medical associations have
created strong interdependent linkages to the party in power and have obtained their
policy preferences from within the party's decision-making organs. Second, the policy
design process in Japan's leading political party, the Liberal Democratic Party, has left
little room for the prime minister's initiatives in health care policy. The party has
deconcentrated the policy approval process in various councils over which the prime
minister has little or no influence. This stands in sharp contrast to the situation
prevailing in most parliamentary systems. Third, the thesis demonstrates how the prime
minister can, through the design of supra-partisan national councils for reforms,
temporarily bypass the normal policymaking channels of the party and enhance its
ability to carry out policy adaptation. Two such national councils are investigated: the
Nakasone Provisional Council on Administrative Reform (1981-84) and the Hashimoto
Administrative Reform Council (1997-98). The temporary national councils are
investigated as institutions complementary to the normal policymaking channels of the
ministerial and party committees. In the field of health care, the national councils have
introduced policy options which had been rejected for years by the medical body and
the party in power. The Hashimoto national council, in particular, introduced marketoriented
policies that significantly altered Japan's health care system. Three policy areas
are investigated: the introduction of principles of information disclosure through the
provision of medical files, the creation of transparent price determination mechanisms,
and the attempt at reforming the medical fee schedule. These policy changes are seen as
a first step toward the introduction of market principles in Japan's service economy.
13
Phatlane, Stephens Ntsoakae. "Poverty, health and disease in the era of high apartheid: South Africa, 1948-1976." Thesis, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/2184.
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A higher infant mortality rate and shorter life expectancy, coupled with a high prevalence of a variety of diseases commonly associated with malnutrition, are usually a reflection of the social conditions of poverty in a society. By arguing that apartheid formed the basis of inequality and therefore the main underlying cause of an unacceptable burden of the diseases of poverty among black South Africans, this thesis, Poverty, Health and Disease in the Era of High Apartheid: South Africa, 1948-1976, locates these health problems within their social, economic and political context. It further argues that if health and disease are measures of the effectiveness with which human beings, using the available biological and cultural resources, adapt to their environment, then this relationship underpins the convergence of medical and cultural interests. Under the impact of modern technology and society's dependence upon it, profound cultural changes have taken place and issues of health and the etiology of disease are among the areas most affected by these changes. This thesis explains why, in a pluralistic medical setting, where only modern (scientific) medicine was recognised as legitimate medicine by the apartheid government, for the majority of black South Africans the advent of modern medicine was viewed not so much as displacing indigenous (African) medicine but as increasing the medical options available to them. It is therefore contended here that for most black South Africans, indigenous medicine has played a critical role; it has mitigated the impact of apartheid medicine. Since differences that people perceive in these two medical systems are crucial to the medical choices that they make at the onset of illness, this thesis argues that knowing and understanding the reasons for making such choices would not only have practical value for health authorities in their efforts to improve local, regional and national health service delivery, but would also contribute to a general understanding of human therapy-seeking behaviour in this age of the HIV/AIDS pandemic.History
Thesis (D. Litt. et Phil. (History))
14
Kruger, Zelda. "Gate-keeping, refugees and ethics." Thesis, 2017. https://hdl.handle.net/10539/23921.
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A Research Report submitted to the Faculty of Humanities,
University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, in partial fulfilment of the requirements of the Degree of Master of Arts, Applied Ethics for Professionals.
Johannesburg, 2017Many asylum seekers and refugees in South Africa reportedly find it difficult to access basic health care services. The issue about foreign nationals in relation to health care can be considered from different angles. The concept of access, though, points to gate-keeping. Gate-keeping is the practice that guides decision making about who has access to what and to what extent they might enjoy benefits. In this essay, the question of whether gate-keeping is a morally justifiable practice in South Africa in relation to asylum seekers and refugees’ right to basic health care services is explored. It is concluded that carefully considered and consistently implemented gate-keeping might be a morally justifiable practice that could contribute to ensuring that resources are distributed fairly. It is also argued that the kind of gate-keeping often observed is inconsistent with human rights and Ubuntu precepts. These moral frameworks seem to be the main ones shaping the view of most South Africans as well as our institutional arrangements. Considering the current South African context in which asylum seekers and refugees have difficulty in accessing basic health care services, patriotic bias claims are considered. However, it is concluded that partiality towards compatriots ought not to hold sway when any human being’s basic needs are at stake.
MT2018
15
Ruder, Bonnie J. "Shattered lives : understanding obstetric fistula in Uganda." Thesis, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1957/36140.
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In Uganda, there are an estimated 200,000 women suffering from obstetric fistula, with
1,900 new cases expected annually. These figures, combined with a persistently high
maternal mortality rate, have led to an international discourse that claims the solution to
improving maternal health outcomes is facility-based delivery with a skilled birth
attendant. In accord with this discourse, the Ugandan government criminalized traditional
birth attendants in 2010. In this study, I examine the lived experience of traditional birth
attendants and women who have suffered from an obstetric fistula in eastern Uganda.
Using data collected from open-ended, semi-structured interviews, focus groups, and
participant-observation, I describe the biocultural determinants of obstetric fistula. Based
on findings, I argue that although emergency obstetric care is critical to prevent obstetric
fistula in cases of obstructed labor, the criminalization of the locally constructed system
of care, TBAs, serves as yet another layer of structural violence in the lives of rural, poor
women. Results demonstrate how political-economic and cultural determinants of
obstetric fistula are minimized in favor of a Western prescribed, bio-medical solution,
which is heavily resource dependent. This solution is promoted through a political
economy of hope fueled by the obstetric imaginary, or the enthusiastic belief in Western-style
biomedical obstetric care’s ability to deliver positive health outcomes for women
and infants regardless of local context and constraints. Recommendations include
increased obstetric fistula treatment facilities with improved communication from
medical staff, decriminalization of traditional birth attendants and renewed training
programs, and engaging local populations in maternal health discourse to ensure
culturally competent programs.Graduation date: 2013
16
White, Jill Fredryce. "The commodification of caring : a search for understanding of the impact of the New Zealand health reforms on nursing practice and the nursing profession : a journey of the heart / Jill Fredryce White." Thesis, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/2440/22093.
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"April, 2004."Includes bibliographical references.
2 v. : ill (some col.), photos ; 30 cm.
Seeks to make visible some of the effects on nursing practice and the nursing profession of the political and organisational changes in the New Zealand health reforms in 1995.
Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Adelaide, Dept. of Clinical Nursing, 2004