Relevant bibliographies by topics / Medical and biomedical engineering, n.e.c

Academic literature on the topic 'Medical and biomedical engineering, n.e.c'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 10 December 2022
Last updated: 29 January 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Medical and biomedical engineering, n.e.c"

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Lanir, Yoram. "Plausibility of Structural Constitutive Equations for Swelling Tissues—Implications of the C-N and S-E Conditions." Journal of Biomechanical Engineering 118, no. 1 (February 1, 1996): 10–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2795935.

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The mechanically important constituents of swelling tissues are fibers embedded in an osmotically active fluid. The tissues’ response to external loading is the sum of contribution of the axial stresses in the fibers and of the fluid pressure. The fluid osmotic properties play a key role in determining its equilibrium response. The present study examines the conditions under which the elastic response of tissues as modeled by structural constitutive equations, is thermodynamically plausible. The analysis shows that plausibility is ensured if the fibers’ axial force increases monotonically with stretch and if the fluid osmotic pressure increases convexly with concentration. Published data shows that both conditions prevail in swelling tissues. Plausibility considerations seem to pose no specific restrictions on the structure of the tissues’ fibrous network. It is thus concluded that in swelling tissues, structural constitutive formulation is compatible with thermodynamically plausible response.
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Smith, D. J., M. Schulte, and J. C. Bischof. "The Effect of Dimethylsulfoxide on the Water Transport Response of Rat Hepatocytes During Freezing." Journal of Biomechanical Engineering 120, no. 5 (October 1, 1998): 549–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2834744.

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Successful improvement of cryopreservation protocols for cells in suspension requires knowledge of how such cells respond to the biophysical stresses of freezing (intracellular ice formation, water transport) while in the presence of a cryoprotective agent (CPA). This work investigates the biophysical water transport response in a clinically important cell type—isolated hepatocytes—during freezing in the presence of dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO). Sprague-Dawley rat liver hepatocytes were frozen in Williams E media supplemented with 0, 1, and 2 M DMSO, at rates of 5, 10, and 50°C/min. The water transport was measured by cell volumetric changes as assessed by cryomicroscopy and image analysis. Assuming that water is the only species transported under these conditions, a water transport model of the form dV/dT = f(Lpg([CPA]), ELp([CPA]), T(t)) was curve-fit to the experimental data to obtain the biophysical parameters of water transport—the reference hydraulic permeability (Lpg) and activation energy of water transport (ELp)—for each DMSO concentration. These parameters were estimated two ways: (1) by curve-fitting the model to the average volume of the pooled cell data, and (2) by curve-fitting individual cell volume data and averaging the resulting parameters. The experimental data showed that less dehydration occurs during freezing at a given rate in the presence of DMSO at temperatures between 0 and −10°C. However, dehydration was able to continue at lower temperatures (<−10°C) in the presence of DMSO. The values of Lpg and ELp obtained using the individual cell volume data both decreased from their non-CPA values—4.33 × 10−13 m3/N-s (2.69 μm/min-atm) and 317 kJ/mol (75.9 kcal/mol), respectively—to 0.873 × 10−13 m3/N-s (0.542 μm/min-atm) and 137 kJ/mol (32.8 kcal/mol), respectively, in 1 M DMSO and 0.715 × 10−13 m3/N-s (0.444 μm/min-atm) and 107 kJ/mol (25.7 kcal/mol), respectively, in 2 M DMSO. The trends in the pooled volume values for Lpg and ELp were very similar, but the overall fit was considered worse than for the individual volume parameters. A unique way of presenting the curve-fitting results supports a clear trend of reduction of both biophysical parameters in the presence of DMSO, and no clear trend in cooling rate dependence of the biophysical parameters. In addition, these results suggest that close proximity of the experimental cell volume data to the equilibrium volume curve may significantly reduce the efficiency of the curve-fitting process.
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Thadathil, Anjitha, Dipin Thacharakkal, Yahya A. Ismail, and Pradeepan Periyat. "Polyindole-Derived Nitrogen-Doped Graphene Quantum Dots-Based Electrochemical Sensor for Dopamine Detection." Biosensors 12, no. 12 (November 22, 2022): 1063. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/bios12121063.

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The sensitive monitoring of dopamine levels in the human body is of utmost importance since its abnormal levels can cause a variety of medical and behavioral problems. In this regard, we report the synthesis of nitrogen-doped graphene quantum dots (N-GQDs) from polyindole (PIN) via a facile single-step hydrothermal synthetic strategy that can act as an efficient electrochemical catalyst for the detection of dopamine (DA). The average diameter of N-GQDs was ∼5.2 nm and showed a C/N atomic ratio of ∼2.75%. These N-GQDs exhibit a cyan fluorescence color under irradiation from a 365 nm lamp, while PIN has no characteristic PL. The presence of richly N-doped graphitic lattices in the N-GQDs possibly accounts for the improved catalytic activity of N-GQDs/GCE towards electrocatalytic DA detection. Under optimum conditions, this novel N-GQDs-modified electrode exhibits superior selectivity and sensitivity. Moreover, it could detect as low as 0.15 nM of DA with a linear range of 0.001–1000 µM. In addition, the outstanding sensing attributes of the detector were extended to the real samples as well. Overall, our findings evidence that N-GQDs-based DA electrochemical sensors can be synthesized from PIN precursor and could act as promising EC sensors in medical diagnostic applications.
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Fabrizi, Fabrizio, Alessio Aghemo, Pietro Lampertico, Mirella Fraquelli, Donata Cresseri, Gabriella Moroni, Patrizia Passerini, Francesca M. Donato, and Piergiorgio Messa. "Immunosuppressive and antiviral treatment of hepatitis C virus–associated glomerular disease: A long-term follow-up." International Journal of Artificial Organs 41, no. 6 (March 29, 2018): 306–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0391398818762358.

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Background: The evidence in the medical literature on the treatment of hepatitis C virus–associated glomerular disease is extremely limited. The advent of nonconventional immunosuppressive agents and direct-acting antivirals promises high efficacy and safety. Aims: We conducted an open-label, single-arm clinical study to examine the efficacy and safety of a combined approach for hepatitis C virus–associated glomerular disease. Methods: In the first phase of the study, patients with hepatitis C virus–associated glomerular disease received interferon-based antiviral therapy and immunosuppressive agents; since 2013, interferon-free antiviral therapy was adopted and novel immunosuppressants (including B-cell depleting agents and mycophenolate mofetil) or immunomodulators (ribavirin) were choiced. Virological and clinical responses were evaluated over a long observation period (median follow-up of 60 weeks and 46.5 months after the end of treatment with interferon and direct-acting antiviral agents, respectively). Results: We enrolled 25 consecutive patients with hepatitis C virus–associated glomerular disease, 8 being liver transplant recipients for hepatitis C. A total of 13 patients received therapy with direct-acting antivirals and experienced sustained viral response (serum hepatitis C virus RNA <12 IU/mL, 12 weeks after treatment ended, sustained viral response12). The mean (±standard deviation) proteinuria decreased from 2.61 ± 1.01 at baseline to 1.71 ± 1.43 (g/day) at sustained viral response 48, p = 0.031; microscopic hematuria and serum cryoglobulins disappeared in six (50%) and seven (64%) patients, respectively, after sustained viral response by direct-acting antivirals. Adverse events occurred in 69% (9/13) of patients and were mild, with four cases of ribavirin-related anemia requiring blood transfusions (no drop-outs). After sustained viral response by direct-acting antivirals, immunosuppressive and immunomodulatory agents were initiated in clinical relapsers ( n = 2) and nonresponders ( n = 3) with some benefit. Among patients on interferon-based regimens ( n = 12), viral response (sustained viral response 24) and dropout rates were 58% (7/12) and 33% (4/12), respectively. After sustained viral response by interferon-based therapy, clinical relapsers ( n = 3) were successfully managed with immunosuppressive agents in two patients. Conclusion: Treatment with direct-acting antivirals provides excellent rates of viral response and safety in patients with hepatitis C virus–related glomerular disease; viral response was frequently accompanied by clinical improvement. The absence of hepatitis C virus RNA from serum allowed immunosuppressive and immunomodulatory therapies with benefits for glomerular abnormalities and no concern on hepatitis C virus replication.
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Drochon, A., D. Barthes-Biesel, C. Lacombe, and J. C. Lelievre. "Determination of the Red Blood Cell Apparent Membrane Elastic Modulus From Viscometric Measurements." Journal of Biomechanical Engineering 112, no. 3 (August 1, 1990): 241–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2891179.

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Rhelogical measurements on a dilute suspension of red blood cells (RBCs) are interpreted by means of a microheological model that relates the shear evolution of the apparent viscosity to the intrinsic properties of the suspended particles. It is then possible to quantify the average deformability of a RBC population in terms of a mean value of the membrane shear elastic modulus, Es. Dilute suspensions of erthrocytes exhibit a shear-thinning behavior with a constant high shear viscosity. This behavior is identical to the one predicted for a suspension of spherical capsules where the same phenomena of deformation and orientation prevail. A comparison between theoretical and experimental curves yields a mean value of Es, assuming all other cell properties—internal viscosity, geometry—to be otherwise equal. In Dextran, the values of Es for normal RBCs are found to be of order 3.10−6 N/m. For erythrocytes hardened by heat exposure for 15 minutes at 48°C, the increase in Es reaches 45 percent. This procedure of shear elastic modulus determination is easy to perform and seems to give a good discrimination between normal and altered erythrocytes.
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Doehring, Todd C., Alan D. Freed, Evelyn O. Carew, and Ivan Vesely. "Fractional Order Viscoelasticity of the Aortic Valve Cusp: An Alternative to Quasilinear Viscoelasticity." Journal of Biomechanical Engineering 127, no. 4 (January 21, 2005): 700–708. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.1933900.

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Background: Quasilinear viscoelasticity (QLV) theory has been widely and successfully used to describe the time-dependent response of connective tissues. Difficulties remain, however, particularly in material parameter estimation and sensitivities. In this study, we introduce a new alternative: the fractional order viscoelasticity (FOV) theory, which uses a fractional order integral to describe the relaxation response. FOV implies a fractal-like tissue structure, reflecting the hierarchical arrangement of collagenous tissues. Method of Approach: A one-dimensional (1-D) FOV reduced relaxation function was developed, replacing the QLV “box-spectrum” function with a fractional relaxation function. A direct-fit, global optimization method was used to estimate material parameters from stress relaxation tests on aortic valve tissue. Results: We found that for the aortic heart valve, FOV had similar accuracy and better parameter sensitivity than QLV, particularly for the long time constant (τ2). The mean (n=5) fractional order was 0.29, indicating that the viscoelastic response of the tissue was strongly fractal-like. Results summary: mean QLV parameters were C=0.079, τ1=0.004, τ2=76, and mean FOV parameters were β=0.29, τ=0.076, and ρ=1.84. Conclusions: FOV can provide valuable new insights into tissue viscoelastic behavior. Determining the fractional order can provide a new and sensitive quantitative measure for tissue comparison.
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Badgayan, Nitesh Dhar, Santosh Kumar Sahu, Sutanu Samanta, and P. S. Rama Sreekanth. "Assessment of nanoscopic dynamic mechanical properties and B-C-N triad effect on MWCNT/h-BNNP nanofillers reinforced HDPE hybrid composite using oscillatory nanoindentation: An insight into medical applications." Journal of the Mechanical Behavior of Biomedical Materials 80 (April 2018): 180–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jmbbm.2018.01.027.

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Shim, Jae Won, In-Ho Bae, Dae Sung Park, So-Youn Lee, Eun-Jae Jang, Kyung-Seob Lim, Jun-Kyu Park, Ju Han Kim, and Myung Ho Jeong. "Hydrophilic surface modification of coronary stent using an atmospheric pressure plasma jet for endothelialization." Journal of Biomaterials Applications 32, no. 8 (December 19, 2017): 1083–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0885328217748465.

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The first two authors contributed equally to this study. Bioactivity and cell adhesion properties are major factors for fabricating medical devices such as coronary stents. The aim of this study was to evaluate the advantages of atmospheric-pressure plasma jet in enhancing the biocompatibility and endothelial cell-favorites. The experimental objects were divided into before and after atmospheric-pressure plasma jet treatment with the ratio of nitrogen:argon = 3:1, which is similar to air. The treated surfaces were basically characterized by means of a contact angle analyzer for the activation property on their surfaces. The effect of atmospheric-pressure plasma jet on cellular response was examined by endothelial cell adhesion and XTT analysis. It was difficult to detect any changeable morphology after atmospheric-pressure plasma jet treatment on the surface. The roughness was increased after atmospheric-pressure plasma jet treatment compared to nonatmospheric-pressure plasma jet treatment (86.781 and 7.964 nm, respectively). The X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy results showed that the surface concentration of the C–O groups increased slightly from 6% to 8% after plasma activation. The contact angle dramatically decreased in the atmospheric-pressure plasma jet treated group (22.6 ± 15.26°) compared to the nonatmospheric-pressure plasma jet treated group (72.4 ± 15.26°) ( n = 10, p < 0.05). The effect of the increment in hydrophilicity due to the atmospheric-pressure plasma jet on endothelial cell migration and proliferation was 85.2% ± 12.01% and 34.2% ± 2.68%, respectively, at 7 days, compared to the nonatmospheric-pressure plasma jet treated group (58.2% ± 11.44% in migration, n = 10, p < 0.05). Taken together, the stent surface could easily obtain a hydrophilic property by the atmospheric-pressure plasma jet method. Moreover, the atmospheric-pressure plasma jet might affect re-endothelialization after stenting.
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Quach, Qui, and Tarek M. Abdel-Fattah. "Novel Inorganic-Organic Composites Based on Graphene Nanocomposite for Enhancing Antibacterial Properties." ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2022-02, no. 8 (October 9, 2022): 669. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/ma2022-028669mtgabs.

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The over prescribing of broad-spectrum antibiotics has given rise to the multidrug resistance in bacteria. The antimicrobial resistance caused the medicines and treatments to become ineffective and became difficult to treat infection. In order to avoid the overuse of antibiotics, antibacterial material have been developed and applied in preventing bacterial infection, drug delivery, and medical implant. Nanomaterials materials show great potential in many applications [1-33]. Therefore, in our study, we designed nanosilica islands on graphene oxide template to disperse the silver nanoparticles and improve its antibacterial properties. Silver nanoparticles have been known for its exceptional antimicrobial properties. However, some bacteria were able to use their flagellum to cause the silver nanoparticles agglomerated. By using silica nanoparticles and graphene oxide, we not only avoid the agglomerated issues but also improve the antibacterial ability of the material. Our novel composite was characterized by using Powder X-Ray Diffraction (P-XRD), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (EDS), Tranmission electron microscopy (TEM), and Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR). The silica nanoparticles and graphene template helped to form dispersed nanoparticles of 7 nm. The composite successfully eliminated 99.99% of Escherichia coli and Bacillus Subtilis within one hour. References: ME Mahmoud, SS Haggag, MA Rafea, TM Abdel-Fattah, Polyhedron 28 (16), 3407-3414 (2009) C Huff, JM Long, A Aboulatta, A Heyman, TM Abdel-Fattah, ECS Journal of Solid State Science and Technology 6 (10), M115 (2017) A Wixtrom, J Buhler, T Abdel-Fattah, Journal of Chemical Education 91 (8), 1232-1235 (2014) ME Mahmoud, SS Haggag, TM Abdel-Fattah, Polyhedron 26 (14), 3956-3962 (2007) C Huff, T Dushatinski, A Barzanji, N Abdel-Fattah, K Barzanji, ECS Journal of Solid State Science and Technology 6 (5), M69 (2017) TM Abdel-Fattah, B Bishop, Journal of Environmental Science and Health, Part A 39 (11-12), 2855-2866 (2014) Quach, E. Biehler, A. Elzamzami, C. Huff, J.M. Long, T.M. Abdel Fattah, Catalysts, 11, 118 (2021). Biehler, Q. Quach, C. Huff, T. M. Abdel-Fattah, Materials, 15, 2692 (2022). TM Abdel-Fattah, ME Mahmoud, MM Osmam, SB Ahmed, Journal of Environmental Science and health, part A 49 (9), 1064-1076 (2014) ME Mahmoud, TM Abdel-Fattah, MM Osman, SB Ahmed, Journal of Environmental Science and Health, Part A 47 (1), 130-141 (2012) C Huff, E Biehler, Q Quach, JM Long, TM Abdel-Fattah, Colloids and Surfaces A: Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects 610 (5), 125734 (2021) K Foe, G Namkoong, TM Abdel-Fattah, H Baumgart, MS Jeong, DS Lee, Thin solid films 534, 76-82 (2013) M Abdel-Fattah, A Wixtrom, K Zhang, W Cao, H Baumgart, ECS Journal of Solid State Science and Technology 3 (10), M61 (2014) M. Abdel Fattah, M.E. Mahmoud, S.B. Ahmed, M.D. Huff, J.W. Lee, S. Kumar, Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry, 22, 103-109 (2015) M. Abdel-Fattah, M.E Mahmoud, M. M. Osmam, S.B. Ahmed, Journal of Environmental Science and health part A, 49, 1064-1076 (2014) ME Mahmoud, MA Khalifa, YM El Wakeel, MS Header, TM Abdel-Fattah, Journal of Nuclear Materials 487, 13-22 (2017) C Huff, T Dushatinski, TM Abdel-Fattah, International Journal of Hydrogen Energy 42 (30), 18985-18990 (2017) M Stacey, C Osgood, BS Kalluri, W Cao, H Elsayed-Ali, T Abdel-Fattah, Biomedical Materials 6 (1), 011002 (2011) SE Mohmed Labeb, Abdel-Hamed Sakr, Moataz Soliman, Tarek M.Abdel-Fattah, Optical Materials 79, 331-335 (2018) ME Mahmoud, MM Osman, SB Ahmed, TM Abdel-Fattah, Chemical engineering journal 175, 84-94 (2011) TM Abdel-Fattah, ME Mahmoud, Chemical engineering journal 172 (1), 177-183 (2011) R Bhure, TM Abdel-Fattah, C Bonner, JC Hall, A Mahapatro, Journal of biomedical nanotechnology 6 (2), 117-128 (2010) TM Abdel-Fattah, D Loftis, A Mahapatro, Journal of biomedical nanotechnology 7 (6), 794-800 (2011) OH Elsayed-Ali, T Abdel-Fattah, HE Elsayed-Ali, Journal of hazardous materials 185 (2-3), 1550-1557 (2011) R Bhure, A Mahapatro, C Bonner, TM Abdel-Fattah, Materials Science and Engineering: C 33 (4), 2050-2058 (2013) BE Bishop, BA Savitzky, T Abdel-Fattah, Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety 73 (4), 565-571 (2010) C Huff, JM Long, A Heyman, TM Abdel-Fattah, ACS Applied Energy Materials 1 (9), 4635-4640 (2018) TM Abdel-Fattah, EM Younes, G Namkoong, EM El-Maghraby, Synthetic Metals 209, 348-354 (2015) S Ebrahim, M Soliman, TM Abdel-Fattah, Journal of electronic materials 40 (9), 2033-2041 (2011) SH Lapidus, A Naik, A Wixtrom, NE Massa, V Ta Phuoc, L del Campo, Crystal growth & design 14 (1), 91-100 (2014) A Mahapatro, TD Matos Negrón, C Bonner, TM Abdel-Fattah, Journal of Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering 3 (2), 196-204 (2013) S Ebrahim, M Labeb, T Abdel-Fattah, M Soliman, Journal of Luminescence 182, 154-159 (2017) T Dushatinski, C Huff, TM Abdel-Fattah, Applied Surface Science 385, 282-288 (2016)
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Auciello, Orlando, Sandra Renou, Karam Kang, Deborah Tasat, and Daniel Olmedo. "A Biocompatible Ultrananocrystalline Diamond (UNCD) Coating for a New Generation of Dental Implants." Nanomaterials 12, no. 5 (February 25, 2022): 782. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano12050782.

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Implant therapy using osseointegratable titanium (Ti) dental implants has revolutionized clinical dental practice and has shown a high rate of success. However, because a metallic implant is in contact with body tissues and fluids in vivo, ions/particles can be released into the biological milieu as a result of corrosion or biotribocorrosion. Ultrananocrystalline diamond (UNCD) coatings possess a synergistic combination of mechanical, tribological, and chemical properties, which makes UNCD highly biocompatible. In addition, because the UNCD coating is made of carbon (C), a component of human DNA, cells, and molecules, it is potentially a highly biocompatible coating for medical implant devices. The aim of the present research was to evaluate tissue response to UNCD-coated titanium micro-implants using a murine model designed to evaluate biocompatibility. Non-coated (n = 10) and UNCD-coated (n = 10) orthodontic Ti micro-implants were placed in the hematopoietic bone marrow of the tibia of male Wistar rats. The animals were euthanized 30 days post implantation. The tibiae were resected, and ground histologic sections were obtained and stained with toluidine blue. Histologically, both groups showed lamellar bone tissue in contact with the implants (osseointegration). No inflammatory or multinucleated giant cells were observed. Histomorphometric evaluation showed no statistically significant differences in the percentage of BIC between groups (C: 53.40 ± 13% vs. UNCD: 58.82 ± 9%, p > 0.05). UNCD showed good biocompatibility properties. Although the percentage of BIC (osseointegration) was similar in UNCD-coated and control Ti micro-implants, the documented tribological properties of UNCD make it a superior implant coating material. Given the current surge in the use of nano-coatings, nanofilms, and nanostructured surfaces to enhance the biocompatibility of biomedical implants, the results of the present study contribute valuable data for the manufacture of UNCD coatings as a new generation of superior dental implants.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Medical and biomedical engineering, n.e.c"

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Camardo, Andrew T. "C-JUN N-TERMINAL KINASE INHIBITORY NANOTHERAPEUTICS FOR REGENERATIVE ELASTIC MATRIX REPAIR IN ABDOMINAL AORTIC ANEURYSMS." Cleveland State University / OhioLINK, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=csu1499868307678719.

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Putra, Ramadhani Pamapta. "Implementation and Evaluation of WebAssembly Modules on Embedded System-based Basic Biomedical Sensors." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för kemi, bioteknologi och hälsa (CBH), 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-261434.

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WebAssembly is a new binary code specification, which was initially designed to complement JavaScript in web applications. WebAssembly is inherently portable and small, designed for multiplatform usage. Therefore, WebAssembly modules can be created to support embedded system-based biomedical sensor operation. However, WebAssembly has its own limitations to compensate with its portability. In this thesis, we show how WebAssembly modules can be applied to the basic biomedical modalities of body temperature, heart rate, and breathing pattern.  We show how the implementation performed, and what challenges were met during the development. It is concluded that WebAssembly can be applied for achieving safe and effective biomedical sensor devices, although with some limitations.
WebAssembly är ett nytt binärt maskinkodsformat, ursprungligen skapat för att komplettera JavaScript i webbapplikationer.  WebAssemblys kod är liten och kan lätt användas på flera plattformar. Därför kan WebAssembly-moduler skapas för att stödja inbyggda system för biomedicinska sensorer. WebAssembly har dock sina egna begränsningar på grund av sin portabilitet.  I denna avhandling visar vi hur WebAssembly-moduler kan användas på enkla biomedicinska mätningar av kroppstemperatur, hjärtfrekvens och andningsmönster. Vi visar hur implementeringen genomfördes och vilka utmaningar som möttes under utvecklingen. Slutsatsen är att WebAssembly kan tillämpas för att skapa säkra och effektiva biomedicinska sensorenheter, även om det finns en del begränsningar.
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Lai, Daphne Teck Ching. "An exploration of improvements to semi-supervised fuzzy c-means clustering for real-world biomedical data." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2014. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/14232/.

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This thesis explores various detailed improvements to semi-supervised learning (using labelled data to guide clustering or classification of unlabelled data) with fuzzy c-means clustering (a ‘soft’ clustering technique which allows data patterns to be assigned to multiple clusters using membership values), with the primary aim of creating a semi-supervised fuzzy clustering algorithm that shows good performance on real-world data. Hence, there are two main objectives in this work. The first objective is to explore novel technical improvements to semi-supervised Fuzzy c-means (ssFCM) that can address the problem of initialisation sensitivity and can improve results. The second objective is to apply the developed algorithm on real biomedical data, such as the Nottingham Tenovus Breast Cancer (NTBC) dataset, to create an automatic methodology for identifying stable subgroups which have been previously elicited semi-manually. Investigations were conducted into detailed improvements to the ss-FCM algorithm framework, including a range of distance metrics, initialisation and feature selection techniques and scaling parameter values. These methodologies were tested on different data sources to demonstrate their generalisation properties. Evaluation results between methodologies were compared to determine suitable techniques on various University of California, Irvine (UCI) benchmark datasets. Results were promising, suggesting that initialisation techniques, feature selection and scaling parameter adjustment can increase ssFCM performance. Based on these investigations, a novel ssFCM framework was developed, applied to the NTBC dataset, and various statistical and biological evaluations were conducted. This demonstrated highly significant improvement in agreement with previous classifications, with solutions that are biologically useful and clinically relevant in comparison with Sorias study [141]. On comparison with the latest NTBC study by Green et al. [63], similar clinical results have been observed, confirming stability of the subgroups. Two main contributions to knowledge have been made in this work. Firstly, the ssFCM framework has been improved through various technical refinements, which may be used together or separately. Secondly, the NTBC dataset has been successfully automatically clustered (in a single algorithm) into clinical sub-groups which had previously been elucidated semi-manually. While results are very promising, it is important to note that fully, detailed validation of the framework has only been carried out on the NTBC dataset, and so there is limit on the general conclusions that may be drawn. Future studies include applying the framework on other biomedical datasets and applying distance metric learning into ssFCM. In conclusion, an enhanced ssFCM framework has been proposed, and has been demonstrated to have highly significant improved accuracy on the NTBC dataset.
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Book chapters on the topic "Medical and biomedical engineering, n.e.c"

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Luo, Linjiao, Quan Wen, and Aravinthan D. T. Samuel. "Optically Monitoring and Manipulating Brain and Behavior in C. elegans." In Biological and Medical Physics, Biomedical Engineering, 177–95. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-12913-6_7.

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Jahnecke, César Augusto Nogueira, L. Schwarz, M. A. Sovierzoski, F. M. de Azevedo, and F. I. M. Argoud. "C++ Video-EEG Processing System With Sights to the Epileptic Seizure Detection." In World Congress on Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering 2006, 1052–55. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-36841-0_251.

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Meng, Tao, Mei-Ling Shyu, and Lin Lin. "Multimodal Information Integration and Fusion for Histology Image Classification." In Multimedia Data Engineering Applications and Processing, 35–50. IGI Global, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-4666-2940-0.ch003.

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Biomedical imaging technology has become an important tool for medical research and clinical practice. A large amount of imaging data is generated and collected every day. Managing and analyzing these data sets require the corresponding development of the computer based algorithms for automatic processing. Histology image classification is one of the important tasks in the bio-image informatics field and has broad applications in phenotype description and disease diagnosis. This study proposes a novel framework of histology image classification. The original images are first divided into several blocks and a set of visual features is extracted for each block. An array of C-RSPM (Collateral Representative Subspace Projection Modeling) models is then built that each model is based on one block from the same location in original images. Finally, the C-Value Enhanced Majority Voting (CEWMV) algorithm is developed to derive the final classification label for each testing image. To evaluate this framework, the authors compare its performance with several well-known classifiers using the benchmark data available from IICBU data repository. The results demonstrate that this framework achieves promising performance and performs significantly better than other classifiers in the comparison.
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Conference papers on the topic "Medical and biomedical engineering, n.e.c"

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Bian, Dejun, Haiyan Guo, and Wenhua Zhang. "Simultaneous C and N Removal in a Hybrid CAST Reactor." In 2009 3rd International Conference on Bioinformatics and Biomedical Engineering (iCBBE). IEEE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icbbe.2009.5163401.

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Li, Qingwei, Bingnan Lv, and Hong Wang. "Influence of C/N Ratio on Nitrogen Changing during Composting." In 2010 4th International Conference on Bioinformatics and Biomedical Engineering (iCBBE). IEEE, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icbbe.2010.5518111.

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Zhang, Shaohui, Shuqin Kang, and Yumei Hua. "Wastewater with Low C/N Ratio Treated by Partial Nitrification/Anammox Process." In 2009 3rd International Conference on Bioinformatics and Biomedical Engineering (iCBBE). IEEE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icbbe.2009.5163753.

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Gharieb, R. R., and G. Gendy. "Fuzzy C-means with a local membership kl distance for medical image segmentation." In 2014 Cairo International Biomedical Engineering Conference (CIBEC). IEEE, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/cibec.2014.7020912.

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Wang, Hongjian, and Xiaoming Pu. "3D Medical CT Images Reconstruction Based on VTK and Visual C++." In 2009 3rd International Conference on Bioinformatics and Biomedical Engineering (iCBBE). IEEE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icbbe.2009.5162140.

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Wang, Wei, Hong-jun Han, and Jie Yao. "Treatment of Low C/N Ratio Monosodium Glutamate Wastewater in Suspended Carrier Biofilm Process." In 2010 4th International Conference on Bioinformatics and Biomedical Engineering (iCBBE). IEEE, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icbbe.2010.5517583.

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Shan, Yong-Jie, Li-Jie Pu, Ming Zhu, Xiao-Song Tu, and Nobuhiro Kaneko. "The Study of Relationship Between Every Shape Pb and Total N,C Content in Soil." In 2008 2nd International Conference on Bioinformatics and Biomedical Engineering. IEEE, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icbbe.2008.561.

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Gendy, G. "Adaptive Fuzzy C-Means Algorithm using the Hybrid Spatial Information for Medical Image Segmentation." In 2018 9th Cairo International Biomedical Engineering Conference (CIBEC). IEEE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/cibec.2018.8641801.

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Wang, Min, Jian Li, Xiquan Hu, Hongwei Yang, Biyu Wang, Rui Zhang, Yujie Chen, Guanqun Dong, and Xinyu Liu. "High-efficiency removal of nitrate from low C/N ratio wastewater by sulfur-based autotrophic denitrification and mixotrophic denitrification." In 2013 International Conference on Biomedical Engineering and Environmental Engineering. Southampton, UK: WIT Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.2495/icbeee130391.

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Ding, Dahu, Chuanping Feng, and Yunxiao Jin. "Effect of C/N Ratio on Nitrogen Removal in a Novel Sequencing Batch Biofilm Reactor." In 2010 4th International Conference on Bioinformatics and Biomedical Engineering (iCBBE). IEEE, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icbbe.2010.5517614.

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You might also be interested in the extended bibliographies on the topic 'Medical and biomedical engineering, n.e.c' for particular source types:
Journal articles
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