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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Mediation and conciliation'
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Thompson, Von. "Law reform, conciliation and domestic violence /." Title page, contents and abstract only, 1998. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09ARM/09armt477.pdf.
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SAULNIER, RIGOUX BENEDICTE OHLMANN JEAN CLAUDE. "La conciliation = xte imprimé /." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 1998. ftp://ftp.scd.univ-metz.fr/pub/Theses/1998/Saulnier_Rigoux.Benedicte.DMZ9801.pdf.
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Noko, Mokate Victor. "Legal representation at the commission for conciliation mediation and arbitration." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/65705.
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The right to legal representation at the Commission for Conciliation, Mediation and Arbitration was initially not recognized in South Africa as it was not recognized by the Roman Dutch Law in respect of administrative tribunals. This right was gradually introduced into administrative tribunals although exercisable only with the consent of all parties. The position was subsequently modified and the right can now only be exercised subject to the discretion of the arbitrator although that right is not automatically available to misconduct and incapacity hearings. The question became whether the limitation in the exercise of the right is justifiable more particularly since the dawn of the new constitution in South Africa. There are two cases which were decided by the Supreme Court of Appeal where it was stated that the limitation is not unconstitutional. Both cases were referred to the Constitutional Court which could not make an unequivocal pronouncement on this issue. With this background this mini-dissertation seeks to examine whether the Constitutional Court is likely to decide consistently with the Supreme Court of Appeal or would find in favour of the disputants claiming that the limitation is unconstitutional. The mini-dissertation will in addition present a comparative survey from different jurisdictions on the right to legal representation, challenges faced by the dispute resolution institutions and possible solutions.Mini Dissertation (LLM)--University of Pretoria, 2017.
Mercantile Law
LLM
Unrestricted
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Snyman, Chanel. "Determining jurisdiction at conciliation and arbitration." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/20648.
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Jurisdiction is the power or competence of a Court to hear and determine an issue between parties, as well as the power to compel the parties to give effect to a judgment. The approach of a CCMA commissioner faced with a jurisdictional challenge is therefore an important issue that requires legal certainty. Unfortunately, our case law has not been uniform with regard to the various issues surrounding jurisdiction of the CCMA, for example: what facts need to be established in order for the CCMA to have jurisdiction and at what stage of the process should a commissioner deal with the issue of jurisdiction. The purpose of this treatise is to consider the various approaches of our courts to the issue of the jurisdiction of the CCMA and to determine what approach is practically best suited for CCMA commissioners when the issue of jurisdiction is in dispute. The research methodology is based on the various approaches of our courts to the jurisdiction of the CCMA as set out in Bombardier Transportation v Mtiya [2010] 8 BLLR 840 (LC). The more practical “third” approach as proposed by van Niekerk J, in Bombardier Transportation v Mtiya [2010] 8 BLLR 840 (LC), has been favoured by the Labour Court and the CCMA following the judgment. The correct approach of a commissioner when dealing with specific jurisdictional facts such as condonation and the jurisdiction of a bargaining council will further be considered. However, the predicament that commissioners face is that the Labour Appeal Court’s approach to jurisdiction is in conflict with that of the Labour Court’s approach. In conclusion, it is submitted that the Labour Appeal Court must pronounce on the issue of jurisdiction, taking into consideration the approach of the Labour Court as to create certainty regarding the correct approach of a commissioner when faced with a jurisdictional challenge.
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Koopmans, Sven Michael George. "Diplomatic dispute settlement : the use of inter-state conciliation." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2007. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.670090.
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Luk, Wing-kai, and 陸永佳. "In search of effective conciliation tactics in labour disputes." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1988. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B3126413X.
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Wechs, Hatanaka Asako. "Mediation and intellectual property law : a European and comparative perspective." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016STRAA008.
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Un mauvais arrangement vaut mieux qu’un bon procès, dit un adage. Ceci s’applique-t-il également au domaine de la propriété intellectuelle ? La médiation est une méthode de résolution des différends qui a le vent en poupe. Elle a fait l’objet d’une harmonisation en Europe par le biais de la directive 2008/52/CE du Parlement européen et du Conseil du 21 mai 2008 sur certains aspects de la médiation en matière civile et commerciale. Dans ce contexte, l’objectif de la thèse est d’analyser des fonctions exercées par la médiation ainsi que les limites de la médiation du point de vue du droit de la procédure civile, du droit des contrats et du droit de la propriété intellectuelle, et de présenter des propositions pour optimiser la médiation lorsqu'elle s’applique aux litiges concernant les droits de la propriété intellectuelle. L’étude porte sur de nombreux systèmes juridiques, institutions et prestataires de règlement des différends, en mettant l’accent sur l’Union européenne, la France et le Royaume-UniA bad compromise is better than a successful lawsuit, says an adage. Would this also applies to intellectual property disputes ? Mediation is a dispute resolution method, which is in vogue. It became subject to harmonisation in Europe under the Directive 2008/52/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 21 May 2008 on certain aspects of mediation in civil and commercial matters. In this context, the objective of the thesis is to analyse the functions performed by mediation as well as the limitations to mediate from the viewpoint of civil procedure law, contract law and intellectual property law and to present some proposals to optimise mediation to intellectual property law. A number of legal systems, institutions and dispute resolution providers will be covered with the focus on the European Union, France and the UK
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Li, Si Xu. "Improvement of criminal reconciliation system in China :Reference from the restorative justice practice in Taiwan." Thesis, University of Macau, 2018. http://umaclib3.umac.mo/record=b3953495.
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Kwakwala, Blazius Oscar Kasungula. "A critical evaluation of the dispute resolution functions of the Commission for Conciliation, Mediation and Arbitration (CCMA)." Thesis, Stellenbosch : University of Stellenbosch, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/4241.
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Thesis (MComm (Industrial Psychology))--University of Stellenbosch, 2010.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: One of the transformations that occurred in post-apartheid South Africa was the overhaul of labour legislation. The Labour Relations Act, 1995, the most pivotal product of the exercise, enacted the Commission for Conciliation, Mediation and Arbitration (CCMA) as a statutory labour dispute resolution institution. Given the failures of the previous dispute resolution system, the creators of the CCMA meant it to provide efficient, accessible and quality dispute resolution structured around conciliation and arbitration. The CCMA came into being in November 1996. The question that arises is: is the CCMA delivering efficient, accessible and quality dispute resolution? This research attempts to answer this question. The literature review indicates that, in terms of efficiency, the CCMA underperformed in the early years, from its inception to the year ended 2004. Improvements started trickling in after 2004. The literature review portrays a positive picture of accessibility: that the CCMA is accessible to its users. As for the quality of dispute resolution, the literature review paints a negative picture: that the CCMA does not provide a quality dispute resolution service. The researcher collected secondary data from the CCMA and primary data from parties to dispute resolution at the Cape Town Office of the CCMA, using a self-developed questionnaire. The data was analysed using Statistica version 9. The results show that the CCMA continues to grow and build on its previous efficiency successes: the CCMA concludes conciliations and arbitrations within the statutory time limits of 30 days and 60 days respectively. The results also show that the CCMA is accessible: the respondents found the process of referral and the actual processes of conciliation and arbitration informal. The results also show that the CCMA provides quality dispute resolution. All the respondents ranked the quality of conciliations and arbitrations positively. The results for efficiency and accessibility support the literature review. The results for quality of dispute resolution contradict the literature review. Based on these findings, insightful conclusions are drawn and recommendations are made, to both the CCMA and for future research.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die hersiening van arbeidswetgewing was een van die transformasies wat plaasgevind het in post-apartheid Suid-Afrika. Die mees uitstaande produk van hierdie oefening, naamlik die nuwe Wet op Arbeidsverhoudinge, 1995, het die Kommissie vir Versoening, Bemiddeling en Arbitrasie (KVBA) daargestel as 'n instelling vir statutêre geskilbeslegting. Gesien teen die agtergrond van die mislukkings van die vorige geskilbeslegtingstelsel het die skeppers van die KVBA probeer om effektiewe, toeganklike en kwaliteit geskilbeslegting met betrekking tot versoenings en arbitrasies te skep. Die KVBA het in November 1996 tot stand gekom en funksioneer vir die afgelope 13 jaar. Die literatuurstudie toon aan dat, in terme van effektiwiteit, die KVBA onderpresteer het vanaf sy ontstaan tot en met 2004. Ná 2004 het verbeteringe drupsgewys ingetree. Die literatuurstudie skets 'n negatiewe beeld met verwysing na die gehalte van geskilbeslegting: die KVBA verskaf nie 'n geskilbeslegting diens van gehalte nie. Die navorsing het sekondêre data vanaf die KVBA en primêre data van die partye betrokke by geskilbeslegting in die Kaapstad-kantoor van die KVBA ingesamel deur van 'n selfontwikkelde vraelys gebruik te maak. Die resultate toon dat die KVBA voortgaan om te groei en te bou op vorige suksesse ten opsigte van effektiwiteit: die KVBA handel versoenings en arbitrasies binne die statutêre tydsbepalings van 30 en 60 dae onderskeidelik af. Die resultate toon ook dat die KVBA toeganklik is: die respondente het die proses van arbitrasie as informeel ervaar. Die resultate toon ook dat die KVBA 'n kwaliteit geskilbeslegtingsfunksie verskaf. Alle respondente het die gehalte van versoenings positief beoordeel. Die resultate ten opsigte van effektiwiteit en toeganklikheid ondersteun die literatuurstudie. Die resultate ten opsigte van die gehalte van die geskilbeslegtingsfunksie is strydig met die literatuurstudie. Voortvloeiend uit hierdie bevindinge, word tot insiggewende gevolgtrekkings gekom en aanbevelings word gemaak vir gebruik deur die KVBA, asook vir toekomstige navorsing.
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Vallely, Maria Luisa. "Mediation and conciliation in disputes about special educational needs : proportionate dispute resolution or justice on the cheap?" Thesis, London School of Economics and Political Science (University of London), 2008. http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/2179/.
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The thesis identifies goals of proportionate dispute resolution (PDR). The operation of the decision-making and dispute resolution processes relating to the provision of remedial help for children with special educational needs (SEN) is examined to assess attainment of these goals. A factual basis is established for the analysis by describing the relevant legislative provisions and what is known about their operation from existing empirical research. The exercise of discretion is examined. A theoretical framework is devised to enable consideration of the balance of trade-offs; collective goals and individual interests; and adequacy of redress. The SEN decision-making and appeals processes are analysed with reference to this framework. Parties to SEN disputes are parents and Local Education Authorities (LEAs). Attainment of PDR goals by the formal SEN dispute resolution mechanisms is assessed and the mechanisms compared. In 2002, obligations were imposed upon LEAs to provide informal disagreement resolution services in the form of conciliation and mediation. The strengths and weaknesses of these dispute resolution models are considered with reference to theoretical and empirical works. The effect of their introduction is then assessed with reference to the framework and attainment of PDR goals. None of the formal or informal dispute resolution mechanisms assure attainment of all of the PDR goals. Neither does the operation of the system as a whole. Analysis of the children's services complaints model using the framework reveals that this model assures attainment of all PDR goals and affords adequate redress. The model appears to resolve problems identified in the SEN dispute resolution process, and to be a promising candidate both for reform of that process and for a unified system of education and children's services complaints. The role of children in the process and possibilities for one-door access and a single system are considered.
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Öztunali, Timur Mete. "Mediation as an alternative to litigation: A comparative study between South Africa and Germany." University of Western Cape, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/7573.
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Magister Legum - LLMThe judicial court system in South Africa is overburdened, which results in parties having to wait for long periods of time to have their matters settled or even heard. Furthermore, the cost of litigation in South Africa is immense, which prevents the biggest part of the population from access to justice in line with s 34 of the Constitution of 1996. Therefore, alternative methods of dispute resolution are worth looking into. This paper will compare the mediation system of South Africa with that of Germany. This will allow for a better insight in regard to mediation within South Africa, which can help to address the above stated problems.
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Ndimurwimo, Leah Alexis. "An evaluation of the dispute resolution mechanisms of conciliation and arbitration." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/753.
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South African labour laws have undergone tremendous amendments before and after independence. This paper focuses on the development after independence, therefore section 34 of the Constitution of 1996, provisions of the Labour Relations Act of 1995 and other laws which deal with labour matters and regulate the labour relations and disputes in the country will be considered. The labour laws in South Africa provide inter alia for the dispute resolution mechanisms, the manner on which disputes should be handled by different organs which are empowered to do so. My focus will be to see how alternative disputes resolution processes of conciliation and arbitration in the Eastern Cape Province aim to transform the South African and global labour market by promoting an integrated simple, quick but efficient and inexpensive dispute settlement services in order to reduce the back log of cases, maintain labour peace, promote democracy at workplace with the view of advancing economic and social justice.
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Maluleke, Nkhensani Millicent. "Review of CCMA arbitration awards." Thesis, University of Limpopo (Turfloop Campus), 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10386/523.
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Gardiner, Susan. "A comparative study of conciliation and mediation in the settlement of financial matters within the family court of Australia." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 1993.
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Cicero asserted in De Legibus some two thousand years ago that the good of the people should be the chieflaw. The people's own view of what is good for them has not always figured in the dispute resolution process designed for their benefit. The inherited English system of litigation offered to Australian colonists in the nineteenth
century had already attracted universal condemnation from commentators such as Tennyson who spoke of the "brawling courts and dusty purlieus of the law". The history of the settlement of financial disputes under Australian family law has primarily been the history of litigation in its dominant role as a dispute resolution process and traditionally there have been few formal opportunities created and sponsored by the Courts themselves for litigants or other disputing couples to try to
negotiate a settlement of their dispute on their own terms and to their satisfaction.
The passing of the Family Law Act in 1975 and the creation of the Family Court of Australia represented a new legislative vision for a Court dealing with human
relationships. It was radical because it proposed facilitation of processes within which people could reach solutions compatible with their dignity, with limited judicial intervention, by the parties by themselves and to their satisfaction. Within the litigation process for financial matters developed a negotiation phase centred around a compulsory conference with a Registrar of the Court. This conference, originally called a Regulation 96 conference, then an Order 24 conference and now a
"conciliation" conference is a "home grown" negotiation opportunity for parties which was developed by the Court to cater for the demands of the litigation process in which
it is embedded. Until 1991, it was the only opportunity sponsored by the Court apart from general therapeutic counselling. During the 1980's identifiable opportunities existed to expand this single and limited conference opportunity out of the litigation dominance and into a separate dispute resolution process. These were not taken up by the Family Court and litigation remained the dominant dispute resolution process until the introduction of mediation on a trial basis in 1991 as a second dispute resolution process resulting from a political initiative of the then Hawke Labor Government. Mediation can be seen as a method of "empowering" couples to avoid expensive litigation and to take control of their own
disputes, within the original vision for the Court.
This thesis charts the development of "conciliation" and mediation of financial disputes under the Family Law Act and compares and contrasts these conflict resolution
methods using criteria from two viewpoints. The first two criteria view each method of solving disputes from the perspective of the client. These two criteria are
satisfaction with the process and with the outcome of the process. The third criterion views each method from the perspective of the Family Court as the provider of the
process and evaluates both mediation and the "conciliation" conference using overall settlement rates. The comparison of mediation and conciliation presented some difficulties. Although mediation has been extensively evaluated by the Court, the "conciliation" conference forming part of litigation has had no similar evaluation by the Court except a general recording of settlement statistics.
While both mediation and "conciliation" conferences are found to be forms of guided negotiation, this similarity is of a general nature only and the thesis identifies
countervailing contrasts at this general level, particularly in the role of the third party neutral. Under specific Family Law practice there are further areas of difference but several areas in which no comparison can be made. This is because, in the case of "conciliation" conferences, either no data exists because there has been no systematic evaluation by the Family Court or, where data does exist, the differences in the size and composition of the pools to be compared is so great as to make any meaningful comparison impossible. This re-inforces the dominance of litigation in the outlook of the Court itself because of the continued acceptance of conciliation within litigation without evaluation and the difficulties this outlook creates for the willing introduction of other alternative dispute resolution processes into the Court structure. Future desirable directions for these and other forms of dispute resolution processes within the Court structure are examined and the thesis identifies the immediate period as the next opportunity for the Family Court to change the traditional litigation outlook of the Court to encompass other forms of dispute resolution, including the expansion of conciliation into a separate conflict resolution process offered by the
Court to facilitate settlement by the parties to their satisfaction. It remains speculative whether the Court has the capacity and will to initiate the necessary steps towards desirable change or whether political direction will be necessary to permit fulfilment of the vision within two decades of its original expression.
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Cornesse, Isabelle. "La proportionnalité en droit du travail." Montpellier 1, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000MON10047.
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Nee d'une reflexion sur la place des droits et libertes fondamentaux dans l'entreprise, la proportionnalite devient l'une des notion-cles du droit du travail. Elle traduit la volonte de faire de la relation de travail une relation equilibree qui concilie les necessites du bon fonctionnement de l'entreprise et la protection des droits de la personne et des libertes individuelles et collectives dessalaries. La proportionnalite se situe alors dans le prolongement de la reconnaissance de l'interet de l'entreprise. Elle conduit a faire de ce dernier l'instrument de mesure des decisions du chef d'entreprise. La proportionnalite trouve alors dans la reconnaissance d'une finalite a respecter son domaine de predilection. Toutefois, il ne faut pas negliger les dangers d'un developpement demesure de l'exigence de proportionnalite. Celle-ci se presente en effet comme un instrument susceptible de s'adapter a n'importe quel conflit d'interets. Ainsi la jurisprudence revele des manifestations de la proportionnalite dans le cadre du controle de l'exercice des droits et libertes fondamentaux ou du controle de legitimite du but recherche par le chef d'entreprise. Le probleme de la proportionnaliten'est pas celui de son caractere techniquement adapte mais celui des limites que l'on desire ou non lui donner. Ce n'est pas tant la recherche de conciliation qui suppose d'etre limitee que les pouvoirs du juge qui sont considerablement accru dans le cadre du controle de la proportionnalite. Les termes du rapport doivent etre precises, le degre de mesure exige doit etre adapte a chaque situation. Precisee, limitee, il ne faut pas surestimer le potentiel subversif de la notion qui repose sur avant tout sur le respect de l'autre. L'opposition des interets en droit du travail offre a la notion un vaste champ d'application. Elle traduit la volonte desormais de raisonner en terme de compromis, de conciliation. L'evolution est en cours.
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Mtumtum, Lungisa Shadrack. "Effecting social justice during conciliation and CON-ARB processes conducted at the CCMA and bargaining councils." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/19245.
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The primary purpose of this treatise is to reexamine the South African labour dispute resolution bodies to see if they live up to the legislation’s promise of promoting social justice in conciliation, arbitration and con-arb processes concluded by them. The study defines social justice and examines this term in relation to employment law. The promotion of social justice was reaffirmed by the International Labour Organisation in its 1944 Conference which was later incorporated into its Constitution. The study briefly reviews the importance of this conference of the 10 May 1944 in relation to promoting social justice. The study also examines the social justice in the context of South African employment laws by briefly analyzing each South African labour legislation and the Constitution. This analysis is based on the provisions of legislation and considers if the respective provisions promote social justice as required by the International Labour Organisation’s Constitution and later by the South African Constitution. In analyzing the Constitution, and other legislation like the; Employment Equity Act (EEA), and Labour Relations Act (LRA), the treatise examines certain cases that were determined under the legislation from social justice perspective. The Labour Relations Act 66 of 1995 represents one of the major reforms of the labour relations system in South Africa. It is guided by the Constitution in terms of promoting social justice. The LRA established the dispute resolution bodies that are mandated by the legislation to resolve labour disputes. The study examines the systems and the processes employed by these bodies mainly the Commission for Conciliation; Mediation and Arbitration (CCMA) and the Bargaining Councils to determine if these systems are promoting social justice as required by the legislation. In conducting this analysis the study considers not only the processes adopted but also the manner in which the relevant dispute resolution bodies market their services; their strategies and operational plans; and accessibility and more. The study further investigates the challenges that these bodies are faced with that have a negative impact on their responsibility to promote social justice. These challenges faced by society range from unemployment, the level of literacy and the growing inequality within South African society. They constantly pose a challenge and require these bodies to consistently devise means and strategies to overcome them. A limited comparative study is undertaken in order to determine whether South Africa can learn anything from another country. There are several countries that may have been chosen to conduct this study but the study considered the fact that it needs to look at the country without the sub-Saharan Africa. The country that shares a history similar to South Africa due to the fact that the social challenges faced by the South African society might be similar to those faced by the country chosen. In this research Namibia was chosen as a suitable country to determine whether there is something to learn from it or not. In conclusion it is submitted that South African legislation pertaining to labour dispute resolution needs to constantly evolve in order to promote social justice challenges of the time.
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Young, Kirsty Leigh. "Justifiability as grounds for the review of labour arbitration proceedings." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1003070.
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This thesis focuses on the review of labour arbitration awards given under the auspices of the following bodies: the Commission for Conciliation, Mediation and Arbitration ("CCMA"), bargaining councils, statutory councils, accredited private agencies and private arbitration tribunals. The general grounds of review applicable to the arbitration awards of each body are set out. Against this background, the case of Carephone (Pty) Ltd v Marcus NO & Others (1998) 19 ILJ 1425 (LAC) is analysed and the principles pertaining to the justifiability test are clarified. The judicial rationale for the application of the test to CCMA arbitration proceedings and criticisms of the test are then examined. Currently the justifiability test applies in the review of CCMA proceedings only, so the judicial reasoning for the rejection of justifiability as a ground for private arbitration review is examined. Three approaches are suggested for the application of the justifiability test in private arbitration review. First it is proposed that the Arbitration Act could be interpreted to include the justifiability test under the statutory review grounds. Failing the acceptance of this approach, the second submission is that arbitration agreements could be interpreted to include an implied term that the arbitrator is under a duty to give justifiable awards. A third suggestion is that the law should be developed by attaching an ex lege term to all arbitration agreements requiring arbitrators to give justifiable awards. In the final chapter, the requirement of justifiability in awards given under the auspices of collective bargaining agents and accredited private agencies highlights the incongruity in applying the justifiability test in CCMA arbitration review and in rejecting this test in private arbitration review.
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Perrin, Marie-Daphné. "Le réglement des litiges en droit de la consommation : la conciliation en matière de litige individuel." Orléans, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996ORLE0001.
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Contractuelle par son origine et ses effets, la conciliation, mode universel et privé de règlement des litiges, constitue un procédé privilégié de résolution des différends nés et opposant un consommateur à un professionnel, à condition toutefois que le premier puisse disposer librement de ses droits. Celle-ci s'avère être particulièrement adaptée, compte tenu de la faiblesse de l'enjeu des litiges individuels de consommation, mais aussi compte tenu de l'inégalité qui caractérise les relations entre consommateurs et professionnels. Par ailleurs, il est important de transposer dans notre société contemporaine marquée par l'extension croissante de la compétence judiciaire, une institution aux vertus pacificatrices et pédagogiques. Afin de promouvoir ce mécanisme et de le rendre lisible, il est nécessaire d'instaurer certaines règles qui loin de remettre en cause ses caractères amiable et extra-judiciaire, auront pour effet d'encourager les intéressés à avoir recours à ce mode de règlement, mais aussi de favoriser sa réussite, tout en faisant en sorte qu'en cas d'échec du processus, il ne soit pas porte atteinte aux droits du consommateur, notamment en ce…Depending only on the decision of the litigants and out of the reach of a judge's intervention, alternative dispute settlement applies to a very restricted area, that is the case of a dispute arising a consumer and a professional about available rights. The outline of this area and the study of the characteristics demonstrate the specificities of this mode of out of court settlement. The study of the mechanism demonstrate that the conciliation is hardly, if at all organized. It is then necessary to institute some rules intended particularly to safeguard the parties' rights and which don't call into question the friendly and conventional aspect of alternative dispute settlement. This would not only encourage the parties to resort to this type of dispute resolution, but would also promote the positive ending of the conciliation by avoiding the difficulties brought about by the failure of the process and in particular the risks of resorting to the judicial institutions
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Siu, Lap-kei, and 蕭立基. "A study of some factors affecting the effectiveness of conciliation asa means of settlement of labour disputes in Hong Kong." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1989. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31264463.
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Dyer, Joshua Bendict. "Searching for breakdowns on the diversion routes from SEN tribunals : an exploration of disagreement resolution processes." Thesis, University of Exeter, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10871/17102.
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Study One: Special Educational Needs and Disability Tribunals (SENDIST) provide independent adjudication of parental appeals against Local Authority (LA) decisions. The Parent Partnership Service (PPS) and Disagreement Resolution Services (DRS) are both arranged to reduce disagreements and, specifically, to prevent tribunals. Study One aimed to explore parental experiences of Local Disagreement Resolution Services (LDRSs) including the PPS and DRS. A secondary aim of Study One was to identify barriers to and facilitators of disagreement resolution from a parental perspective. Methods: Study One utilised semi-structured interviews as a means of exploring seven parents' experiences and constructs. Interview transcripts were analysed using thematic analysis in order to specify key themes relating to the resolution of disagreements about SEN. Results: Parents reported a sense of embattlement with the Local Authority that appeared to act as a barrier to the resolution of disagreements. Parents also identified a number of facilitators of disagreement resolution including: Feeling 'listened to'; Having access to a 'legitimate decision-maker'; and becoming better informed. A number of barriers to disagreement resolution were also reported, including but not limited to: a perception that no one is listening to them; a perception that LA staff lack independence; a perception that the LA cannot be trusted to deliver SEN provision. Study Two:Special Educational Needs and Disability Tribunals (SENDIST) provide independent adjudication of parental appeals against Local Authority (LA) decisions. The Parent Partnership Service (PPS) and Disagreement Resolution Services (DRS) are both arranged to reduce disagreements and, specifically, to prevent tribunals. Study Two aimed to explore experiences of professionals working within Local Disagreement Resolution Services (LDRSs) including the PPS and DRS. A secondary aim of Study Two was to identify barriers to and facilitators of disagreement resolution from a professional perspective. A final aim of Study Two was to synthesise the perceptions reported by professionals in Study Two with those reported by parents in Study One. Methods: Study Two utilised semi-structured interviews as a means of exploring six LA-employed professionals' experiences and constructs. Interview transcripts were analysed using thematic analysis in order to specify key themes relating to the resolution of disagreements about SEN. Findings emerging from Study Two were integrated with findings from Study One using the themes generated through thematic analysis. Results: Professionals reported a number of parental factors that were perceived to act as a barrier to disagreement resolution. These included but were not limited to: weak understanding of SEN systems and a lack of confidence to engage in mediation processes. Professionals did not identify any parental factors perceived to be conducive to disagreement resolution. A smaller number of facilitators of disagreement resolution were reported, including: early intervention; and face-to-face meetings. Synthesis of findings from Studies One and Two resulted in the creation of clusters of themes that can inform future policy and practice. Findings from Studies One and Two indicate that disagreement resolution is best supported where Local Authorities can promote: collaboration, information-sharing, and reassurance for parents.
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Majinda, Maseko Moses. "A comparison of the labour dispute resolution systems of South Africa and Swaziland." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/833.
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History and Background: The history of statutory labour dispute resolution of South Africa dates back to 1909, when the Transvaal Disputes Prevention Act of 1909 was promulgated which applied only to the Transvaal. The Industrial Conciliation Act of 1924 established industrial councils and ad hoc conciliation boards and excluded black workers from the statutory definition of employee and this resulted in a dual industrial relations system that existed up to 1979. The history of statutory labour dispute resolution of Swaziland dates back to 1980 when the first Industrial Relations Act of 1980 was promulgated which established the first Industrial Court. Research Findings: The dispute resolution systems of South Africa and Swaziland contain both similarities and differences. Lessons for Swaziland include combining general and specific dispute resolution procedures, providing the right of a referring party to apply for condonation for late referral of a dispute, using conciliation-arbitration, making arbitration proceedings public hearings, influence of parties on the appointment of arbitrators, court adjudication, pre-dismissal arbitration, court adjudication by judges only, establishment of a constitutional court, full protection of protected strikes/ lockouts from interdicts, legalization of sympathy strikes, and removal of strikes/ lockout ballot. Lessons for South Africa include plural representation of parties at conciliation and arbitration, re-direction of some disputes by the Labour Court to the Commission for arbitration, reporting of labour disputes direct to the Head of State for determination.
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Gathongo, Johana Kambo. "Labour dispute resolution in Kenya: compliance with international standards and a comparison with South Africa." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/23980.
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The thesis examines the effectiveness of the Kenyan labour dispute resolution system by undertaking a comparative analysis of South African and international labour standards. A comparative approach is adopted, which relies on primary and secondary sources of data, thereby undertaking an in-depth content analysis. The study provides a comprehensive discussion of the current legislative provisions and alternative dispute resolution (ADR) framework as recognised in both countries' national labour legislation as well as in a number of international labour standards instruments. In particular, the study illuminates and discusses the bottlenecks in the current Kenyan system and argues that it does not adequately respond to the needs of parties in terms of the international labour conventions. The study argues further that labour disputes should be resolved as quickly and informally as possible and at the lowest level possible. Similarly, disputes should ideally be resolved with little or no procedural technicalities, and without allowing them to drag on indefinitely. However, this study observes that there have been notable concerns in the current dual system of labour dispute resolution in Kenya. The problems include protracted referral timeframe for dismissal disputes, non-regulation of maximum timeframe for the agreed extension after 30 days conciliation period has lapsed, the absence of a statutory timeframe for appointing a conciliator/commissioner and arbitration process under both the Labour Relations Act, 2007 and the Employment Act, 2007. The study argues for Kenya to incorporate provisions in its labour laws of a proactive and expeditious dispute resolution thereby helping to resolve labour disputes in the most effective and efficient manner without necessarily having to resort to the courts. Likewise, the responsibility of resolving statutory labour disputes in Kenya is still heavily under the control of the government of Kenya through the Ministry of Labour. There is still no independent statutory dispute resolution institution (Conciliation, Mediation Commission) as envisaged by the Labour Relations Act, 2007. As a result, the Kenyan dispute resolution system has been criticised for lack of impartiality leading to the increases in strikes and lockouts. Similarly, it has made the attainment of effective and efficient labour dispute resolution difficult. In view of that, a comparative approach with South Africa is adopted with a view to informing Kenya how the establishment of independent institutions similar to the Commission for Conciliation Mediation and Arbitration, Bargaining Councils and specialised labour courts can lead to effective dispute resolution in Kenya. Given above, the study provides a wide range of remedial intervention intended to address the gaps and flaws highlighted in the study. Systematically, the study provides important suggestions and possible solutions for a better institutional framework and processes to address them. However, the study acknowledges that making effective and efficient labour dispute resolution a reality calls for renewed commitment from government and social partners and investment in appropriate human and financial resources. This requires a strong political will as well as concerted efforts from all role players in the labour relations community in the two respective countries.
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Friedrich, Ralf. "Erfolgreiche und gescheiterte Vermittlungsverfahren in Heinrich Wittenwilers "Ring"." Doctoral thesis, Universitätsbibliothek Chemnitz, 2013. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:ch1-qucosa-119840.
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Der um 1410 entstandene Versroman "Ring" Heinrich Wittenwilers beschreibt satirisch das Leben der Menschen in einem (fiktiven) Dorf am Bodensee. Das Forschungsvorhaben setzt sich zum Ziel, die urkundlich erfassbaren Tätigkeiten Wittenwilers als Mediator in die Interpretation des Gesamtwerkes einzubeziehen. Es soll aufgezeigt werden, inwiefern ein Schiedsmann des 14./15. Jahrhunderts seine Kenntnisse in sein literarisches Schaffen integrierte und damit einen Einblick in Vorgänge spätmittelalterlicher Mediation gibt. Dabei werden die vielseitigen Varianten der Vermittlung und Beratung sowie die historische Situation um 1400 im Bodenseeraum berücksichtigt.
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Camilo, Denise Corassa. "Comissões de conciliação previa : agilizar ou desregulamentar?" [s.n.], 2008. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/286317.
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Orientador: Jose Dari KreinDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Economia
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Resumo: Esta dissertação tem como objeto as Comissões de Conciliação Prévia. As Comissões de Conciliação são uma esfera privada de composição dos conflitos individuais do trabalho, organizadas e geridas pelos Sindicatos. Foram criadas com o objetivo de desafogar a Justiça do Trabalho e modernizar o sistema nacional de regulação das relações trabalhistas no Brasil. Elas se inserem no movimento mais geral de flexibilização dos direitos trabalhistas deflagrado no Brasil a partir dos anos 1990. A hipótese considerada é a de que as políticas e a ideologia neoliberal, o processo de abertura da economia e a reestruturação produtiva criaram um campo fértil para a flexibilização das relações de trabalho, e que isso só contribuiu para a retirada de direitos e para a precarização do trabalho. Nesse sentido, entende-se que as Comissões de Conciliação Prévia têm o objetivo de enfraquecer a regulação pública do trabalho, conferindo às empresas uma maior autonomia na determinação das condições de contratação, uso e remuneração da força de trabalho. O desenvolvimento do trabalho mostrou que as Comissões de Conciliação Prévia não contribuíram para a redução do número de demandas submetidas à apreciação da Justiça do Trabalho e que elas têm sido utilizadas como um mecanismo informal de eliminação das normas de proteção ao trabalho
Abstract: The purpose of this dissertation is to analysis the Previous Reconciliation Commissions. The Reconciliation Commissions are a private sphere of composition of work individual conflicts, wchich are organized and managed by the Labor Unions. The Commissions have been created to unclog the Labor Justice and to update the national system of regulation of the labour relantioships in Brazil. They are inserted in the more general moviment of flexibilization of the labour rigths iniciated in Brazil from the years 1990. The hypothesis took into consideration is that the neoliberal policy and ideology, the reopening of the economy and the productive reestruturation criated a fruitful field for the flexibilization of the labor relationships and it just contributed for the remove of the rigths and to the labor precariazition. In this sense, it is understood that the Previous Reconciliation Commissions have the purpose of weaken the public regulation of labor, which give the enterprises a bigger autonomy in the determinaton of hire conditions, use and remuneration of labor power. The labor development showed that the Previous Reconciliation Commissions didn¿t contribuate to the decrease of the number of prosecutions submited to appreciaton in the Labor Justice and that they have been used as a informal mechanism of elimination of the labor protaction rules
Mestrado
Economia Social e do Trabalho
Mestre em Desenvolvimento Econômico
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Fanciullo, Erminia. "La disciplina italiana della mediazione nell'ottica del legislatore europeo." Doctoral thesis, Università di Catania, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10761/1622.
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La disciplina italiana della mediazione civile e commerciale nell'ottica di quanto stabilito dal legislatore europeo con la direttiva n.52 del 2008 e n.11 del 2013. Il rispetto da parte della riforma attuata dal decreto n.69 del 2013 c.d. del fare dei parmetri previsti dal legislatore europeo nelle due direttive.
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Laalai, Fériel. "Nouvelle économie et contrôle de l'emploi: l'inspection du travail face à la conciliation." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/210463.
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L’idée de la législation sociale est contemporaine de l’émergence d’un droit protecteur des travailleurs puisqu’il traduit la volonté politique de faire appliquer ses normes pour que chaque homme accède à un travail décent. Principe au demeurant fécond, puisqu’il a pour corollaire celui de l’égalité de traitement, la régulation des rapports sociaux et la satisfaction du besoin de justice et de paix sociale Dés lors, conçu pour les grandes industries, le droit du travail a pu croître et embellir pendant les trente Glorieuses, porté par une croissance économique sans précédent et structuré sur le modèle de la révolution industrielle, l’univers du travail s’étant trouvé modifié en profondeur.
Seulement, ce bon vieux temps est révolu :actuellement les entreprises se restructurent profondément et un fort courant d’internationalisation des marchés et de mutations techniques et technologiques ont ébranlé les acquits sociaux :Ainsi, précarité, contrat de sous-traitance, externalisation de la main d’œuvre sont désormais les contraintes majeures qu’il faut prendre en compte pour déterminer les relations de travail.
Au cœur de ses déconvenues se trouve l’inspection du travail et les lois organisant les relations professionnelles qui ne peuvent se définir que par rapport à une réalité, laquelle dépend des intérêts des employés et de la régulation des mécanismes du marché.
Dans cette perspective, l’amélioration du sort des hommes au travail apparait ainsi comme un effet naturel de la croissance économique et de l’application effective de cette législation sociale.
Partant de ce constat, c’est d’une réflexion portant sur le lien existant entre le développement progressif du droit du travail et le concept de contrôle et de conciliation dont il sera question dans le cadre de notre thèse.
En effet, face à la régulation des rapports sociaux, principalement dans les rapports entre employeurs et salariés, l’inspection du travail en Tunisie, s’est forgé progressivement une identité forte de considération car débordant le domaine de la protection ouvrière au sens étroit du terme, son rôle qui puise sa source dans le caractère généraliste de cette institution, va en dépasser la structure. Elle ne peut pas ne pas toucher à l’application concrète de la règle, et par conséquent au rôle de l’inspecteur du travail, acteur clé de l’exécution de ses lois.
A ses missions traditionnelles, 1'exigence de la paix sociale en Tunisie ajoutait celle, toute nouvelle, de rapprocher les parties sur le terrain, en essayant de convertir au droit les plus sceptiques et de hâter l’intégration du syndicat dans la stratégie de développement.
Avec un effort de consolidation de quelques années, plus précisément depuis 1976, l’inspection tunisienne du travail intervient dans un champ particulier dans le domaine de conciliation.
Cette institution deviendra l’un des rouages essentiels de la pacification sociale. Tel un coupe-circuit empêchant la solidarité base de la paix sociale de disjoncter, elle sera tout à la fois le reflet des insuffisances des pouvoirs publics et celui des revendications ouvrières.
Chose étrange, 1'Inspection ne trouvera pourtant que fort peu d'appui hors de son sein, comme si la nature même de sa mission sociale 1'exposait sans défense aux critiques les plus virulentes.
Les nombreux problèmes et dysfonctionnement que connaît actuellement l’inspection du travail, certains sont fort anciens, notamment ceux liés à l’insuffisance de moyens face à l’élargissement des prérogatives, aux réalités rencontrées surtout que ces fonctions sont indissociables de l’action de l’Inspection du travail et d’autres problèmes de fond lié à un dysfonctionnement organisationnel ou un malaise latent inhérent selon certains à l’évolution des missions de l’inspection du travail. Dans cette perspective le problème s’accentue davantage puisque la définition du champ d’intervention de l’inspection du travail, de son rôle bascule entre deux fonctions.
La première fonction est le contrôle qui témoigne plutôt, d'une conception généraliste la seconde concerne la conciliation exprimant une extension des missions et caractérise 1'essor autour d’un consensus que l’Etat veut imprimer sur les relations du travail. Cependant, si le rôle de l’inspecteur du travail avait acquis une crédibilité certaine par ses attributions de contrôleur en lui permettant de préserver sa légitimité institutionnelle, la situation est tout autre aujourd’hui :l’histoire se renouvelle et on va reprocher à l’inspecteur de porter une vision de la société étriquée et plutôt traditionnelle.
Ainsi, l’étendue des prérogatives confiées à l’inspecteur dans la conciliation et le conseil le place dans une position stratégique car ne se limitant plus à normaliser les dispositifs des relations professionnelles ou à promouvoir les démarches globales de contrôle, mais plutôt à accompagner et à anticiper les évolutions des relations professionnelles.
L'examen du fonctionnement de l’inspection du travail, avec la prise en compte des caractéristiques du métier de l’inspecteur du travail et de sa composition, nous permettra de mettre l’accent sur le degré d’adaptation et d’efficacité de cette institution, caractérisant fondamentalement le rôle que l’Etat entend jouer dans la régulation des rapports sociaux et principalement dans les rapports entre employeurs et salariés.
Doctorat en sciences sociales, Orientation sciences du travail
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Hinz, Laura Bittencourt. "A audiência de conciliação e a mediação na execução trabalhista como formas de efetividade do judiciário." Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, 2007. https://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/7490.
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Previous issue date: 2007-05-09This text analyses the mechanisms of solution of interpersonal conflicts with special attention for conciliation and mediation practiced by the judges in a labor execution process. This activity, realized mainly in audiences dated for this finality, shows that the pacificator effect is bigger than the solution given by a sentence. It s also an important opportunity for the agilization the course of the judicial process. According to this, the introduction of legal mechanisms to turn this propose mandatory and to introduce specifically disciplines in law school must turn better the professional actuation and will contribute for the better image of Judiciary
Discutem-se neste trabalho as formas de solução de conflitos intersubjetivos com especial atenção à conciliação e a mediação realizada por magistrados em sede de execução trabalhista. Mostra-se que tal atividade, desenvolvida principalmente em audiências agendadas para esta finalidade, têm efeito pacificador mais abrangente que o verificado pela solução jurisdicional pura e simples. Demonstra-se, também, que, ainda que as partes não se conciliem, a prática da audiência em execução se revela um importante meio de agilização do trâmite processual. É com essas premissas que se considera viável a introdução de mecanismos legais para tornar obrigatória a oportunidade da mencionada audiência, além da inclusão, também obrigatória, de disciplinas específicas no curso de graduação em Direito, visando a uma maior efetividade da atuação profissional e do Poder Judiciário como um todo
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Sponagel, Moritz. "An overview of the development of the German and UK labour dispute resolution systems and assessment of their respective strengths and weaknesses." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/50572.
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Thesis (MBA)--Stellenbosch University, 2006.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: In many countries in the world today, Labour Courts have developed as an integral part of the law system arising from the need to afford labour disputes specialised adjudication, independent from the ordinary civil courts. This study presents a comparison of the German Labour Court System and the British Employment Tribunal System, representing the Continental Law System and the Common Law System respectively. In comparing the German Labour Courts and the British Employment Tribunals, the study highlights the special qualities of labour law and why labour disputes are treated differently from other legal disputes. It demonstrates that both systems have attempted to achieve the handling of labour disputes in different ways and proceedings. Similarly, the study reveals that both systems have their pros, cons and limitations and that no system can guarantee an optimal way to achieve a "better" justice. Nonetheless, the study attempts to show that each system can learn from the other's strengths and weaknesses by being open and reasonable to criticism. Another important objective of this study is to determine whether Labour Courts and Employment Tribunals should be maintained as a separate part of the law system or whether to merge them into the ordinary civil courts as some critics feel that such courts and tribunals create added expenses to governments. Furthermore, the study explores other dispute resolution mechanisms that if encouraged, provide additional benefit to labour issues in teoday's complex business environment. As a whole, the study proves that the German Labour Courts and British Employment Tribunals are a quicker, cheaper and better way of achieving justice, preferable to the civil litigation system. It is therefore concluded that such courts and tribunals should be maintained because of their significant successes so far. Furthermore, it is suggested that labour dispute resolution can be further developed through the increased use of mechanisms such as conciliation, negotiation and mediation in the management of organizations today.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: In baie lande van die wereld vandag, het gespesialiseerde arbeids tribunale ontwikkel as 'n integrale deel van die regsisteem as gevolg van die behoefte om arbeidsdispute te onderwerp aan gespesialiseerde beregting, onafhanklik van gewone siviele howe. Hierdie studie behels 'n vergelyking van die Duitse Arbiedshofsisteem en die Britse "Employment Tribunal" sisteem, wat die kontinentale regsisteem en 'n gemeenregtelike regsisteem respektiewelik verteenwoordig. Deur die Duitse Arbeidshowe en die Britse "Employment Tribunals" te vergelyk, beklemtoon hierdie studie die spesiale eienskappe van arbeidsreg en waarom arbeidsdispute anders as andere regsdispute hanteer word. Dit demonstreer dat beide sisteme probeer het om die hantering van arbeidsdispute op verskillende maniere en deur middel van verskillende prosesse te bereik. Terselfdertyd, wys die studie dat beide sisteme hulle voordele, nadele en tekortkomings het, en dat nie een sisteem 'n optimale manier het om "beter" geregtigheid tussen werkgewer en werknemer te laat geskied nie. Nietemin, probeer die studie wys dat elke sisteem kan leer van die ander se sterktepunte en tekortkominge. 'n Verdere belangrike doel van hierdie studie is om te bepaal of die Duitse Arbeidshowe en Britse "Employment Tribunals" as aparte deel van die regsisteem behoort te voortbestaan, of hulle saamgesmelt moet word met die gewone siviele howe, want sekere kritici voel dat sulke howe en tribunale addisionele koste vir owerhede meebring. Verder ondersoek die studie ander dispuutoplossings meganismes, wat, indien dit bevorder sou word, dalk addisionele voordele in vandag se komplekse besigheidsomgewing kan meebring. In geheel toon hierdie studie dat die Duitse Arbeidshowe en Britse "Employment Tribunals" 'n vinniger, goedkoper en beter manier bied om geregtigheid te bereik en verkies word bo die siviele litigasie sisteem. Die gevolgtrekking is dat sulke howe en tribunale behou moet word as gevolg van hulle sukses tot dusver. Verder word dit voorgestel dat arbeidsgeskilbeslegting verder ontwikkel kan word deur groter gebruik te maak van meganismes soos konsiliase, onderhandeling en mediasie in organisasies.
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Oliveira, Virginia Grace Martins de. "A conciliação e a mediação extrajudiciais no Brasil como instrumentos para a construção de uma sociedade autônoma." Universidade Nove de Julho, 2015. http://bibliotecadigital.uninove.br/handle/tede/1253.
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This dissertation analyzes if the autocompositive mechanisms used in Brazil on extrajudicial area, can contributing to the construction of an autonomous society. The idea of autonomous society originates in sociological studies of the current society, to observe reality finds changes regarding the relationship between individual and society. It appears that, inpresent time, the pursuit of happiness is restricted to individual field and this work aims to analyze the possibility of the conversion or building society for common benefits. For this, it approaches the subject in an interdisciplinary manner in order to define and build the notion of autonomous society concept, from the perspective by Paulo Freire, which views autonomy as the exercise of judgments, leading the human being to freedom. Thus, it appears that individuals who exercise their decisions can become independent and aware of their rights, duties and at their own risk and the potential to intervene in the social reality, transforming it in order to contribute to the humanization of social relations, with the harmonious coexistence of individual liberties and social boundaries. Thus, it is understood that the nature and the definitions of autocompositive mechanisms are consistent with the idea of autonomy, freedom and transformation of society, presented by Paulo Freire. The resulting analysis in this study shows that autocompositive mechanisms can serve as able instruments in supporting the construction of an autonomous society, provided there is a state concern in order to provide proper treatment to conflict resolution and to give the parties the knowledge of the power decision-making that link. However, the analysis also makes it possible seeing there are differences between the studied autocompositive mechanisms. And so it follows that the extrajudicial mediation by its definition and structure has the greatest potential to provide individuals the broad exercise of autonomy as the approach outlined in this paper. For the preparation of this research adopt to the deductive method of approach and literature as a research technique. This work aims to contribute to the further analysis of Justice and the paradigm of efficiency in accordance with the line of research in the area of concentration, Justice, Business and Sustainability, the Master's Program in Law, Nove de Julho University - Uninove.
Esta dissertação analisa se os mecanismos autocompositivos, utilizados no Brasil em âmbito extrajudicial podem contribuir para a construção de uma sociedade autônoma. A ideia de sociedade autônoma se origina em estudos sociológicos sobre a sociedade atual, que ao observar a realidade constata mudanças no tocante a relação existente entre indivíduo e sociedade. Constata-se que, hodiernamente, a busca pela felicidade é restrita ao campo individual e este trabalho visa analisar a possibilidade da transformação ou da construção da sociedade em busca de benefícios comuns. Para isto, aborda-se o tema de forma interdisciplinar visando a delimitar e construir a noção do conceito de sociedade autônoma, sob a óptica de Paulo Freire, que concebe a autonomia como o exercício das decisões, que conduz o ser humano à liberdade. Assim, constata-se que os indivíduos que exercitam suas decisões podem tornar-se autônomos e conscientes de seus direitos, deveres e responsáveis pelas próprias decisões e com potencial para intervir na realidade social, transformando-a com o fim de contribuir para a humanização das relações sociais, havendo a coexistência harmônica entre liberdades individuais e limites sociais. Dessa forma, entende-se que a natureza e as definições dos mecanismos autocompositivos são condizentes com as ideias de autonomia, liberdade e transformação da sociedade apresentadas por Paulo Freire. A análise resultante deste estudo revela que os mecanismos autocompositivos podem servir como instrumentos viáveis no auxílio a construção de uma sociedade autônoma, desde que haja uma preocupação estatal no sentido de proporcionar o tratamento adequado às resoluções de conflitos e de proporcionar às partes o conhecimento do poder decisório que possuem. Entretanto, a análise possibilita também constatar que há diferenças entre os mecanismos autocompositivos estudados. E, assim, conclui-se que a mediação extrajudicial pela sua definição e estrutura possui maiores potencialidades de proporcionar aos indivíduos o exercício amplo da autonomia conforme a abordagem exposta neste trabalho. Para a elaboração desta pesquisa são adotados o método dedutivo de abordagem e a pesquisa bibliográfica como técnica de pesquisa. Esta dissertação pretende contribuir para o aprofundamento da análise da Justiça e o paradigma da eficiência, em conformidade com a linha de pesquisa da área de concentração, Justiça, Empresa e Sustentabilidade, do Programa de Mestrado em Direito da Universidade Nove de Julho – Uninove.
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Devahoma-Indongo, Mirjam Nelao. "The dispute prevention and resolution systems in Namibia." University of the Western Cape, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/8097.
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Magister Legum - LLMThe resolution of disputes, including unfair dismissal disputes under the Labour Act 2007 is being criticised for being too complex, inefficient, protracted, expensive, and highly legalistic. This thesis would denote that the provision of proactive and expeditious dispute resolution systems helps to resolve labour disputes in the most effective and efficient manner, without necessarily having to resort to the courts. The ultimate goal is to ensure that the legal framework regulating the labour dispute system in Namibia assures the use of alternative dispute resolution (ADR) of its credibility, thereby creating confidence and enabling stakeholders to trust the system. Ideally, disputes should be resolved at the conciliation level, resulting in the minority of disputes being referred to arbitration or the Labour Court. The Office of the Labour Commissioner must be independent of the state, since the state is the largest employer, to ensure the stakeholders trust the system. However, it has been established that there are gaps between the legal framework relating to labour dispute resolution and the application of laws and regulations in practice, making the attainment of effective and efficient labour dispute resolution difficult. Therefore, the thesis will analyse the ADR in Namibia to finding out if the system is sufficient and appropriate for society’s need and to provide a recommendation for the system that is a quicker, equitable, and amicable way of resolving the disputes outside the courts through conciliation and arbitration.
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Monnot, Maurice. "Les procédures extra-judiciaires de règlement des conflits en droit du travail." Thesis, Paris 2, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA020085.
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Le droit du travail s’est doté depuis longtemps d’instruments de règlement amiable des conflits individuels et collectifs du travail : la conciliation prud’homale et la médiation encas de harcèlement pour les premiers ; la conciliation, la médiation et l’arbitrage pour les seconds. Mais leur échec est largement constaté. Il faut dès lors réfléchir à une réforme des procédures existantes : le recours obligatoire des salariés et des syndicats à une procédure non-contraignante de médiation, l’instauration d’une période de paix sociale précédant la grève et la création d’un service administratif de règlement des conflits sont certaines des pistes explorées.Ces procédures doivent s’appuyer sur plusieurs garanties essentielles. Celui qui a la charge de la procédure doit être indépendant, ce qui interdit qu’il soit placé dans un rapport de subordination à l’égard de l’une des parties, impartial, ce qui exclut tout parti pris ou préjugé, et compétent, alliant la connaissance du droit du travail à la maîtrise des techniques de règlement amiable des différends. La procédure elle-même doit présenter des garanties tenant à la confidentialité des échanges et des documents communiqués, à une durée assez réduite pour préserver le droit à l’accès au juge des parties, et à un coût qui ne soit pas dissuasifLabor law aknowledges for a long time amicable settlement procedures of labor disputes: conciliation in labor courts and mediation in harassment cases for disputes between an employer and its employees ; conciliation, mediation and arbitration in case of strikes. All of them failed and their reform must be studied: compulsory mediation for employees and unions, mandatory industrial peace and the creation of a public service in charge of labor conflict resolution are some of the options explored. These procedures require to respect several essential guarantees. The person in charge of the procedure must be independant, impartial and competent in both labor law and dispute resolution. The procedure itself must guarantee the confidentiality of the discussion and the documents communicated, take place during a limited amount of time to preserve the right of access to a judge, and have a non-dissuasive cost
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Demarchi, Juliana. "Mediação: proposta de implementação no processo civil brasileiro." Universidade de São Paulo, 2007. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/2/2137/tde-01042008-132345/.
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O presente trabalho aborda a inserção dos meios alternativos de resolução de conflitos no processo civil e propõe a consideração de tais métodos como técnicas processuais voltadas ao atingimento dos escopos da jurisdição, tomada essencialmente como função pública voltada à pacificação de conflitos. São apresentados os institutos fundamentais do processo civil e se parte de uma releitura do processo civil a partir da busca da efetividade e da consideração do escopo da pacificação como escopo magno da jurisdição, o que justifica a introdução de meios complementares de solução de conflitos voltados à promoção da solução consensual dos litígios. Tem-se, então, em certa medida, a ampliação do objeto de estudo do processo civil. Tendo em vista a necessidade de se agregar novos institutos à consecução dos escopos do processo, os meios alternativos de solução de conflitos passam a ser tratados não mais como meros equivalentes jurisdicionais, mas como ferramentas do próprio sistema processual para a consecução de seus escopos. Isso conduz ao alargamento do objeto da ciência processual, à alteração do conteúdo programático das Escolas de Direito e à formação de um novo profissional da área jurídica. Dentre os métodos de resolução de conflitos existentes, são descritas a negociação, a conciliação, a avaliação neutra e a mediação, com destaque para esta última pela maior amplitude de aplicação e de técnicas utilizadas. São apresentados os fundamentos teóricos da mediação, as principais técnicas utilizadas e o procedimento que se recomenda seja observado para a condução adequada dessa forma de solução de controvérsias. Descritos esses métodos, passa-se à abordagem de algumas experiências de aplicação dos meios alternativos de forma complementar ao processo civil, destacando-se especialmente a disciplina legal estabelecida nos Estados Unidos da América e na Argentina. O presente trabalho culmina com a apresentação de um cronograma de instalação de setores de mediação anexos ao sistema judicial, abordando o recrutamento de mediadores, a capacitação necessária, o papel dos operadores do direito na empreitada e a metodologia de trabalho empregada, tudo a partir das bases legislativas já existentes em nosso ordenamento e do sucesso do projeto de gerenciamento de casos elaborado pelo CEBEPEJ - Centro Brasileiro de Estudos e Pesquisas Judiciais. A ampla utilização da mediação como instrumento de pacificação e consecução dos escopos da jurisdição já é possível independentemente de legislação própria .e específica, embora a institucionalização possa constituir um instrumento importante da divulgação e implementação da mediação em nossa sociedade. Buscou-se lançar as bases teóricas e práticas do uso da mediação como ferramenta de consecução dos escopos da jurisdição, principalmente o da pacificação, a partir de uma visão diferenciada do conflito e da necessidade de formação de um novo profissional da área jurídica, incorporando ao processo civil métodos complementares de solução de conflitos marcados pelo traço da interdisciplinaridade que permitirão alcançar o processo civil que se almeja: efetivo, célere e voltado preponderantemente à pacificação dos conflitantes.The present work tackles the insertion of alternative dispute resolution methods in civil procedure, and proposes to consider these methods as procedural techniques focused on obtaining the scope of the jurisdiction, taken essentially as a public function towards the pacification of disputes. The fundamental institutes of civil procedure are presented from a new reading in the field, seeking effective solutions and considering the scope of pacification as a substantial scope of jurisdiction, thereby justifying the introduction of supplementary means for the resolution of disputes focusing on the promotion of a consensual resolution of disputes. The subject of study of civil procedure is hence to some extent broadened. In view of the necessity to aggregate new institutes in order to attain the scopes of the process, the alternative dispute resolution methods are henceforth treated not as mere jurisdiction equivalents but as tools of the very procedure system for the attainment of its scopes. This leads to the widening of the subject of the science of civil to the modification of programme contents in the Colleges of Law and to the building of a new law professional. Negotiation, conciliation, neutral early evaluation and mediation fall within the methods used to resolve disputes, particular emphasis being laid on the latter due to the extent of its application and the techniques used. The theoretical foundations of mediation, the main techniques used and the recommended procedure to be observed for a proper execution of this form of resolution of controversies are presented. Once completed the description of those methods, we shall move onto the experience of the application of alternative means as a supplementary form in civil proceedings, while highlighting more particularly the legal discipline established in the United States of America and in Argentina. This work then culminates with the presentation of a schedule for the insta1lation of additional mediation sectors alongside the judicial system, while tackling the recruitment of mediators, the necessary qualification, the role played by law professionals in this enterprise and the work methodology employed, all of which from the legal bases existing in our ordinance and the success of the case management project elaborated by CEBEPEJ - the Brazilian Judicial Studies and Research Centre. The wide use of mediation as a pacification tool for the attainment of the scopes of jurisdiction is a1ready possible, regardless of the specific legislation itself, although the institutionalisation may constitute an important tool for the release and implementation of mediation in our society. The purpose of this study was to set the theoretica1 bases and practices of the use of mediation as a tool to attain the scopes of jurisdiction, and mainly that of pacification from a differentiated viewpoint of dispute and from the necessity of qualifying a new legal professional by incorporating supplementary methods into civil proceedings for the resolution of disputes marked by the trait of an interdisciplinary approach, hereby making it possible to reach the civil procedure aspired to: an effective and diligent proceeding turned most and foremost towards the pacification of the parties in dispute.
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Takahashi, Bruno. "O papel do terceiro facilitador na conciliação de conflitos previdenciários." Universidade de São Paulo, 2015. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/2/2137/tde-08042016-165122/.
Full textAbstract:
A conciliação judicial de conflitos previdenciários envolve, em geral, uma proposta de acordo baseada na renúncia pelo indivíduo de parte dos valores do benefício em atraso em um processo no qual a decisão contrária ao entendimento do Instituto Nacional do Segurado Social (INSS) é muito provável. Como regra, há um notório desequilíbrio de poder envolvendo, de um lado, um litigante ocasional (indivíduo) e, de outro, um litigante habitual (INSS). O presente trabalho pretende discutir qual o papel do terceiro facilitador nesse contexto, de modo a legitimar a prática existente e avançar para uma mudança de paradigma. Para tanto, parte-se da tese de que a conciliação deve ser adequada ao conflito que se pretende tratar, cabendo ao terceiro facilitador atuar de acordo com as peculiaridades desse conflito. Desse modo, propõe-se que, para o tratamento do conflito previdenciário, o conceito de conciliador deve ser entendido em termos amplos, abrangendo não apenas o conciliador leigo, mas também o juiz conciliador e o Judiciário como conciliador interinstitucional. Embora cada uma dessas atuações possua características próprias, sustenta-se que o ponto em comum é o respeito a um devido processo legal mínimo que possibilite a existência de uma base adequada de poder e que permita, assim, a tomada de uma decisão informada pelas partes. Dessa forma, a flexibilidade instrumental própria da conciliação não impediria o estabelecimento de parâmetros mínimos da atuação do conciliador. Por isso, tendo como limite a tomada de uma decisão informada, o conciliador atuaria por meio de estratégias variadas, aproximando-se e distanciando-se das partes, com maior ou menor interferência, de acordo com as características do caso apresentado. Conclui-se que, com a atuação conjunta e coordenada das diversas espécies de conciliador é possível aprimorar qualitativamente a conciliação de conflitos previdenciários.The court-connected conciliation (or evaluative mediation) of pension funds conflicts in Brazil involves, generally, an agreement in which the individual plaintiff waives part of a benefit in a lawsuit that the defendant, a national government agency called Instituto Nacional do Seguro Social (INSS), will probably loose. As a general rule, there is a significant imbalance of power between a one-shotter (individual) and a repeat player (INSS). The present work aims to discuss the role of the conciliator (or evaluative mediator) in this scenario, in order to legitimate the current practice and to allow a paradigm shift. Firstly, it argues that conciliation should be appropriate to the conflict to be resolved and that the conciliator also should act according to the peculiarities of this conflict. Therefore, it proposed that the definition of conciliator might be enlarged to cover not only the lay person who acts as a conciliator, but also the judge as a conciliator and the Judiciary as an interinstitutional conciliator. Although each specie has its own characteristics, it is argued that the common point is that all must try to guarantee the observance of a minimal due process of law which allows the existence of an adequate basis of power and thus enable parties to make an informed decision. Consequently, the flexibility of the conciliation rules would not prevent the establishment of minimum standards of the conciliator\'s performance. Limited by the aim to allow parties to make an informed decision, the conciliator would act through a variety of strategies. It means being close or far from the parties, interfering in a greater or a smaller level, depending on the characteristics of a particular conflict to be dealt. To sum up, this work concludes that, if the three species of conciliator work together in a coordinated way, it could be possible to have a qualitative improvement in the conciliation of pension funds conflicts.
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Bonfanti, Thierry. "Phénoménologie de la situation médiative." Thesis, Brest, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012BRES0007/document.
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M’interrogeant sur l’inflation du mot « médiation », j’ai passé en revue quelques unes des pratiques les plus courantes invoquant un terme dont j’ai pu en constater, dans certains cas, l’usage abusif. À partir de là, j’ai tenté de tracer les contours d’un concept en mal de définition. J’ai ainsi dégagé deux caractéristiques intrinsèques de la médiation, à savoir la triangularité et la non-directivité ainsi que ses deux prérequis que sont le libre consentement des participants et la légitimation du médiateur. Par ailleurs, j’ai constaté que la médiation ne s’appliquait pas qu’aux situations conflictuelles et que son enjeu n’était pas exclusivement affectif. Il peut être également matériel, donnant alors lieu à une médiation de type « négociatif ». En croisant ces deux variables, j’ai proposé une typologie des pratiques de médiation. Dans une seconde partie de ma thèse, je me suis livré à une analyse phénoménologique de la médiation, me servant de l’enregistrement de jeux de rôles. Cette analyse m’a conduit à élargir mon champ de vision, d’une «médiation» comprise comme « action du médiateur » à une réalité plus complexe que j’ai appelée « situation médiative » où le médiateur agit autant sur les participants qu’il est agi par eux. Cette situation, loin de se réduire à une pratique instituée, constitue un véritable phénomène social, fréquent dans la vie courante. La confiance que les participants accordent au médiateur, le rôle qu’ils lui font jouer en tant que « base de sécurité » comme alternative au face à face et sa fonction d’étayage de la communication constituent des conditions essentielles de la situation médiative avant même les techniques de médiationWondering about the increasing use of the word « mediation », I reviewed some of the most common practices referring to this word which was, in some cases, misused. On this basis, I strived to draw the outline of a concept in need of definition. In doing so, I identified two characteristics of mediation, namely the triangularity and the non-directivity, as well as its two prerequisites, i.e. the consent of the participants and the recognition of the mediator. Moreover, I noted that mediation does not apply only to situations of conflict and that its stake is not exclusively emotional. It could be material, leading to a negotiating mediation. Crossing these two variables, I then propose a typology of mediation practices. In a second part of my thesis, I set up a phenomenological analysis of mediation, using video recordings of role playing. This analysis led me to broaden my own perspective, from a mediation as « mediator’s action » to a more complex scenario that I called « mediative situation », where the mediator influences the participants and is in turn influenced by them. This situation, far from being restricted to an established practice, is indeed a social and frequent phenomenon. The confidence the participants have in the mediator, the role they give him/her as a “secure base” and as an alternative to the face to face situation, and his function in supporting communication, lay the basic condition of the mediative situation, a long way ahead of mediations techniques
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Farias, Cleide Márcia de. "Dilemas e desafios das formas autocompositivas de resolução de conflitos : uma leitura a partir da experiência do Tribunal de Justiça de Pernambuco." Universidade Católica de Pernambuco, 2014. http://www.unicap.br/tede//tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=999.
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O presente estudo tem por objetivo discutir a aplicação das formas alternativas de resolução de conflitos, mais especificamente a mediação e a conciliação, bem como apontar a percepção destas figuras entre os usuários do serviço e os operadores do direito. O estudo busca ainda demonstrar que os institutos da mediação e da conciliação podem promover o direito fundamental de acesso à
justiça. Objetiva ainda, constatar a maior atenção dispensada para a mediação e a conciliação realizada em processos em trâmite por parte das estruturas de poder na esfera jurisdicional. Para este fim apresenta estudos que demonstram
o modelo legislativo utilizado no país para a implantação e aplicação da mediação e da conciliação. O trabalho examina a necessidade de regulamentação mais específica para orientar a conciliação e, principalmente, a mediação pré-processual. São ainda apresentados dados estatísticos e pesquisas com o objetivo de verificar o desempenho das várias formas de
resolução de conflitos utilizadas no Brasil; como os usuários tomam conhecimento de sua existência e se sabem a efetiva diferença entre elas. Em relação aos procedimentos técnico-metodológicos, a pesquisa envolve um levantamento bibliográfico, constituído fundamentalmente por análise de livros, artigos de periódicos e material disponibilizados na Internet; documental, com a análise da legislação brasileira, e de outros países, acerca dos métodos alternativos de resolução de conflitos. O resultado do estudo aponta para a
necessidade de uma maior divulgação da mediação e da conciliação como formas alternativas de resolução de conflitos. Informar e educar as pessoas para as formas diversas que poderiam ser utilizadas para solucionar problemas, a partir de suas próprias concepções e escolhas, dessa forma
empoderando o indivíduo para decidir acerca de sua própria vida e dos seus conflitos, representando assim, um instrumento de efetivação da cidadania.This study aims to discuss the application of alternative forms of conflict resolution, specifically mediation and conciliation, and to identify the perception of these figures between service users and operators of Law. The study also seeks to demonstrate that the institutions of mediation and conciliation can promote the fundamental right of access to justice. It also aims, noticing increased attention given to mediation and conciliation held on proceeding pending by the power structures in the judicial sphere. For this purpose presents studies demonstrating the legislative model used in the country for the implementation and application of mediation and conciliation. The paper examines the need for more specific rules to guide the reconciliation, and especially the pre -trial mediation. It also presents statistical data and surveys with the objective of verifying the performance of various forms of conflict resolution used in Brazil, as users become aware of its existence and know the real difference between them. Regarding the technical and methodological procedures, the research involves a literature analysis fundamentally made from books, journal articles and available material on the Internet, documentary, with the analysis of Brazilian legislation, and other countries, about the alternative methods of conflict resolution. The result of the study shows the need for greater disclosure of mediation and conciliation as alternative forms of conflict resolution. Inform and educate people to the various forms that could be used to solve problems from their own ideas and choices, thereby empowering the individual to decide about their own lives and their conflicts, thus representing an instrument of execution citizenship.
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Silva, Erica Barbosa e. "A efetividade da prestação jurisdicional civil a partir da conciliação." Universidade de São Paulo, 2012. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/2/2137/tde-22042013-084020/.
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O objetivo central desta tese é verificar se e como a utilização da conciliação pode conferir efetividade à prestação jurisdicional, compreendida pela pacificação com Justiça, destacando a dimensão qualitativa do instituto. Contextualizou-se para tanto o tema, analisando o Poder Judiciário, a atividade jurisdicional e a cultura da pacificação na contemporaneidade, e se examinou em seguida o tratamento de conflitos por meios consensuais. A investigação do objeto desta tese tem início no terceiro capítulo, com a construção institucional da conciliação, a que se seguem - no quarto capítulo - as delimitações nas cortes de Justiça, depurando a respectiva aplicação aos conflitos civis, na tentativa de superar preconceitos e determinar em que medida denota efetividade. No quinto capítulo, analisa-se a conciliação aplicada, com destaque para a verificação do método, pela dinâmica existente entre a técnica e os sujeitos envolvidos, estabelecendo as balizas objetivas e subjetivas da conciliação na prestação jurisdicional civil. O sexto capítulo apresenta a tese, confirmando a hipótese estabelecida na introdução - há efetividade da prestação jurisdicional civil a partir da conciliação - e sintetiza suas condições. A resposta ao conflito pela conciliação verifica-se pelo engendramento de soluções integrativas, que contemplem todas as partes envolvidas. Nessa construção institucional revelam-se diversos elementos constitutivos, dado que a negociação por princípios não contempla a infinidade de variações vistas no Judiciário. Daí por que a interdisciplinaridade, a comunicação de primeira e segunda ordem, a teoria dos sistemas, a teoria dos jogos e a tipologia dos conflitos são temas afeitos à conciliação, como meio apto de solucionar conflitos no sistema de Justiça atual. O estudo ora apresentado enaltece a conciliação por meio de bases constitutivas próprias, que afastem o instituto de informalismos e concentrem-se no entendimento de sua técnica, permitindo refinar os caminhos rumo à efetividade da prestação jurisdicional.The main goal of this thesis is to verify if conciliation must be used in the Courts and how to use it to improve their effectiveness. For the purpose of this work, effectiveness indicates the ability for a fair pacification of conflicts, in order to stress the qualitative view of the institute. The analysis of the Judiciary, in which the thesiss subject is contextualized, takes in account the judicial activities and the culture of pacification, as it is presently conceived. This set foundations to analyse how disputes are dealt by consensual means of resolution. The focus in the most important topic of this thesis begins in chapter 3, in which the institutional construction of conciliation is drawn. In other hand, chapter 4 works the limitations of conciliation in the Courts, discussing it application to private disputes, putting prejudices aside and determining to what extent effectiveness could be achieved. Chapter 5 analyzes conciliation as it is done, in particular the question of method and the balance between technique and involved people, determining the objective and subjective boundaries of conciliation in civil jurisdiction. The hypothesis presented in the introduction is confirmed in chapter 6, upholding that conciliation makes judicial services more effective. Otherwise the final chapter sums up the conditions to get effective outputs through conciliation in the judicial environment. The resolution of dispute through conciliation is obtained by mixing integrative means, taking in account all parts. In this institutional construction several constitutive elements rise up, since only negotiation through principles does not allow to reach all existing diversity of situations embraced by Judiciary. That is why an interdisciplinary approach is need, including first and second order communication, systems theory, theory of games and tipology of conflicts. The present study assert the qualities of conciliation on its own constitutive bases, what means to get it hide of any informalism and embedded in its own technique, making if feasible to improve the effectiveness of judicial servives.
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Ribahi, Karim. "Les modes amiables de résolution des différends - Analyse comparative des droits français, anglais et chinois." Thesis, Lyon 3, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013LYO30057.
Full textAbstract:
La crise de la justice existe depuis plusieurs décennies en France, en Angleterre et au Pays de Galles, et touchent de plus en plus d’autres États comme la Chine. Les mêmes causes, la libéralisation économique, politique et sociale produisent les mêmes effets : l’augmentation du contentieux, du coût du procès et de la longueur des procédures, même si le degré de la maladie est différent d’un système juridique à un autre. Régler les différends autrement est alors devenu une nécessité. Une nécessité, en terme d’accès à la justice et de garantie des droits, mais également en terme de coût non seulement pour le justiciable, mais aussi pour l’État, qui a conduit à faire évoluer le système judiciaire en favorisant l’émergence voire la réémergence d’un nouveau mode de régulation sociale : l’alternative dispute resolution (ADR) ou les modes amiables de résolution des différends (MARD) qui sont tous deux des modes informels, non judiciaires de résolution des différends. Néanmoins, les MARD sont loin d’être une copie conforme de l’ADR notamment en raison des différences culturelles juridiques et judiciaires qui existent au sein de chaque système juridique, et dans laquelle cette voie alternative évolue. Malgré des spécificités fondamentales, il existe de nombreuses convergences dans la mise en œuvre et les modalités de fonctionnement des processus amiables en France, en Angleterre, au Pays de Galles, et en Chine. Avec les modes amiables de résolution des différends ou l’alternative dispute resolution, la conception de la justice est différente de celle dictée par la justice traditionnelle. La solution n’est plus dictée par un tiers extérieur, mais par les justiciables eux-mêmes, seuls, ou avec l’aide d’un tiers qu’ils auront personnellement choisi. Cette liberté donnée aux parties constitue une caractéristique intrinsèque des modes amiables. Loin d’être isolé, ils viennent enrichir la réponse judiciaire aux différends. Ils peuvent être utilisés seuls ou en articulation avec l’institution judiciaireThe crisis of justice existed for decades in France, England and Wales, affecting more and more countries like China. The same causes, economic, political and social liberalization, produce the same effects: increased litigation, the cost of the trial and the strength of the proceedings, even if the degree of the disease is different from a legal system to another. Resolve disputes otherwise then became a necessity. A necessity in terms of access to justice and guarantee of rights, but also in terms of cost not only for court users but for the state, which has led to change the legal system by promoting the emergence or the re-emergence of a new mode of social regulation: alternative dispute resolution (ADR) or alternative methods for resolving disputes (MARD), which are both informal methods, non-judicial dispute resolution. However, the MARD is far from being a copy of the ADR particularly because of legal and judicial cultural differences that exist in each legal system, in which the alternative phenomenon evolves. Despite these fundamental differences, there are many similarities in the implementation and operating procedures of the amicable process in France, England, Wales, and China. With ADR or MARD, the concept of justice is different from litigation. The solution is not dictated by an external third party, but by the parties, alone or with the help of a third party that they have personally selected. The freedom given to the parties is a specificity of the amicable modes. Far from being isolated, they enrich the judicial response to the dispute. They can be used alone or in coordination with the judiciary
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Bergamaschi, André Luis. "Resolução de conflitos envolvendo a administração pública por mecanismos consensuais." Universidade de São Paulo, 2015. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/2/2137/tde-21032016-140915/.
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A presente dissertação investiga a possibilidade jurídica e as limitações da utilização de meios consensuais para resolução de conflitos que tenham a Administração Pública como parte. Mais especificamente, a dissertação tratará da escolha entre valer-se de meios consensuais para a solução do conflito ou de relegá-lo a um meio adjudicatório, especialmente o processo judicial. No primeiro capítulo, o trabalho situa a adoção dos meios consensuais pela Administração Pública no contexto de desenvolvimento das ADRs no Brasil, com influência da experiência norte-americana. No segundo, trata de revisitar alguns dogmas do Direito Administrativo que possam configurar óbices à adoção dos meios consensuais, como a legalidade estrita e a supremacia do interesse público, bem como situar novamente o tema no contexto de expansão da atuação administrativa consensual. O terceiro capítulo apresenta conceitos importantes para compreender a questão como: interesse público e indisponibilidade; meios adjudicatórios de solução de conflitos; meios consensuais de solução de conflitos (negociação, mediação e conciliação). No quarto capítulo, serão abordadas as limitações que o regime de direito público impõe à adoção de meios consensuais pela Administração Pública. O quinto capítulo traz um contraponto aos meios consensuais, relatando algumas críticas e riscos de sua adoção. Por fim, o sexto capítulo relata pesquisa empírica realizada na Procuradoria-Geral do Município de São Paulo com a finalidade de revelar experiências e óbices práticos à adoção de meios consensuais.This essay investigates the legal possibility and limitations of the use of consensual mechanisms of dispute resolution by Public Administration as one of the parties. More specifically, the essay addresses the choice between using consensual mechanisms to resolve the dispute or relegate it to adjudication, especially the judicial process. In the first chapter, the essay poses the use of consensual mechanisms by Public Administration in the context of ADRs development in Brazil, influenced by north american experience. In the second chapter, the essay revisits some tenets of Administrative Law that may constitute obstacles to the adoption of consensual mechanisms, such as strict legality and the supremacy of the public interest, and also poses the issue in the context of the expansion of consensual administrative action. The third chapter presents important concepts to understand the issue, such as: public interest and availability; adjudicatory mechanisms of dispute resolution; consensual mechanisms of dispute resolution (negotiation, mediation and conciliation). The fourth chapter adresses the limitations imposed by Public Law to the adoption of consensual mechanisms by Public Administration. The fifth chapter provides a counterpoint to consensual mechanisms, reporting some criticism and risks of its adoption. Finally, the sixth chapter reports empirical research conducted at São Paulo Citys Attorney General Office in order to reveal experiences and practical obstacles to the adoption of consensual mechanisms.
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Sousa, Nayara Queiroz Mota de. "Pesquisa fenomenológica na justiça do trabalho : proposta de uma concoliação humanista." Universidade Católica de Pernambuco, 2010. http://www.unicap.br/tede//tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=547.
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O Poder Judiciário exerceu uma grande influência na formação do Estado brasileiro, o que ressaltou o papel da classe jurídica dentro da sociedade. Como juristas, os magistrados tiveram
uma grande influência na elaboração da estrutura e organização estatal o que lhes renderam um
enorme prestígio e poder dentro do meio social. Esta característica associada à luta pela independência e profissionalização da categoria gerou um distanciamento dos juízes com os cidadãos, sendo que a formação da magistratura baseada no método cartesiano de fazer ciência,
que não acompanhou as transformações sociais trazidas pela modernidade, aprofundou ainda mais este afastamento, gerando uma insatisfação com a atuação do Poder Judiciário, inclusive no ramo trabalhista. O aumento da conflituosidade provocado pelas modificações implantadas no mundo moderno exige respostas rápidas e efetivas do Poder Judiciário, como pacificador social. Neste panorama, os meios de solução de conflitos devem ser privilegiados, que além de
desafogarem a máquina judiciária, resolvem a contenda no seio social. A conciliação vem sendo estimulada como melhor e mais rápida solução para as ações judiciais, portanto precisa
ser aprimorada. A humanização da atuação jurisdicional se apresenta como alternativa para aproximar o Poder Judiciário do cidadão e auxiliar na missão de pacificação dos conflitos, pois promete o aperfeiçoamento da pessoa para melhor conviver em sociedade, em um momento em que o isolamento e as contradições parecem atingir o homem moderno. O presente trabalho objetivou identificar o sentido da relação estabelecida em audiência entre o magistrado e as
partes, através de uma pesquisa fenomenológica existencial, utilizando como instrumento metodológico, a versão de sentido, para a coleta de dados. Os resultados e discussão
demonstram que das falas dos magistrados e dos jurisdicionados emergiram eixos de significados que revelam o sentimento de cada pesquisado, inclusive com tematizações
específicas dos Juízes; eixos que se comunicavam nas vivências dos reclamantes e dos reclamados e outros que são peculiares a cada parte em específico. Analisando estas unidades de significações se podem traçar conexões com a revisão da literatura que evidenciaram a necessidade de aperfeiçoar a atividade jurisdicional e promoveram uma reflexão sobre as posturas adotadas na atuação do Poder Judiciário Trabalhista da Paraíba. Conclui-se com a
sugestão de uma nova perspectiva para humanizar a tentativa conciliatória, adotando os fundamentos da Abordagem Centrada na Pessoa para qualificar este ato jurisdicional e implantar dentro da Justiça do Trabalho uma conciliação humanistaThe Judiciary has exercised a great influence on the formation of the Brazilian state, which emphasized the role of the judicial profession in society. As jurists, the judges had a great influence in developing the structure and the state organization that earned them enormous prestige and power within the social environment. This feature associated with the struggle for independence and professionalism of the category generated a distance of judges with the public, and training for the judges based on the Cartesian method of doing science, which not accompanied the social changes brought by modernity, has enlarged this distance, generating a dissatisfaction with the performance of the Judiciary, including the labor sector. The increased conflictuality that caused by the changes implemented in the modern world requires rapid and effective responses of the judiciary, social as peacemaker. In this scenario, the means of conflict resolution should be privileged, that beyond the Judiciary of relief, resolve the dispute within society. Reconciliation has been promoted as the best and quickest solution to the lawsuits, so they need to be improved. Humanizing is an alternative approach to the judiciary of the citizen and helping in the mission of pacifying the conflict, for it promises the improvement of the person to cope better in society, in a time when the isolation and the contradictions seem to reach the modern man. This study aimed to identify the direction of the relationship between the judge and the parties, through an existential phenomenological research, using as a methodological tool, the version of meaning, to collect data. Results and discussion show that the speech of judges and parties of the axes of meanings emerged that reveal the feelings of each search, including specific thematizations Judges; axes that are communicated in the experiences of the parties and others axes which are peculiar to each part in particular. Analyzing these units of meaning they can trace connections to the literature review, highlighting the need to improve the judicial activity and promote a reflection on the postures adopted in the Judiciary of the Paraiba. This Search concluded by suggesting a new perspective to humanize the conciliatory attempt, taking the fundamentals of the Person Centered Approach to qualify and deploy the conciliation within the Judiciary proposing the conciliation a humanist
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Weiss, Vivian Faria. "Práticas de intervenção de terceiras-partes em audiências de conciliação do PROCON." Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora (UFJF), 2007. https://repositorio.ufjf.br/jspui/handle/ufjf/5477.
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FAPEMIG - Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de Minas Gerais
O presente trabalho tem por objetivo descrever algumas das práticas (ações) de intervenção de terceiras-partes nas audiências de conciliação no PROCON. Utilizamos como referencial teórico-metodológico a Análise da Conversa Etnometodológica e Sociolingüística Interacional, além da teoria de Intervenção de Terceiras-Partes e Práticas Sociais. Em um primeiro momento, elaboramos um quadro que sintetiza as características de nosso banco de dados. A partir desse instrumento, selecionamos algumas práticas usadas pelos mediadores do PROCON para facilitar a comunicação entre as partes envolvidas e amenizar o conflito. Ao término da análise, concluímos que as práticas se constroem sobre três eixos: práticas de Mediação, práticas de Conciliação e práticas voltadas para a defesa do Consumidor. Como práticas de mediação, destacam-se: avaliação interacional, pedido de ação futura, pedido de narração, solicitação de proposta; as práticas de Conciliação: avaliação interacional, avaliação da ilegalidade da empresa, autoiniciação de proposta, encaminhamento do caso à justiça; já como práticas dirigidas à defesa do consumidor, citam-se: apresentação da reclamação, pedido de informação e explicação dos procedimentos legais. O estudo evidenciou a orientação dada por terceiras-partes do PROCON quanto às questões de ordem legal nas audiências de conciliação.
The present study is aimed at describing some of the practices (actions) of intervention of third parties in conciliation hearings at PROCON. As a theoretic and methodological reference, we have followed the orientation of Ethnometodological Conversation Analysis and Interactional Sociolinguistics, beyond the theory of Intervention of Third-Parties and Social Practices. In a first moment, we have elaborated a frame that synthesizes the characteristics of our data bank. By this instrument we selected the practices used by the mediators of PROCON in order to facilitate the communication between the involved parts and to diminish the conflict. By the end of the analysis we concluded that the practices are constructed in three axles: Mediation practices, Conciliation practices and practices oriented to the consumer defense. As Mediation practices we emphasize interactional assessment, request for future action, request for narrative, requirement of proposal; Conciliation practices: interactional assessment, assessment of the illegality of the enterprise, auto starting of proposal, designation of the case to court; as practices oriented to the consumer defense, we have: complaint presentation, request for information and explanation of legal procedure. The study showed the orientation given by thirdparties of PROCON with reference to legal order questions in conciliation hearings.
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Cavalcanti, Fernanda Daniele Resende. "Mediação interdisciplinar e sua integração com o poder judiciário de Pernambuco." Universidade Católica de Pernambuco, 2009. http://www.unicap.br/tede//tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=644.
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O presente trabalho tem por objetivo analisar o sistema da mediação interdisciplinar sob o novo paradigma da ciência, porém sem posicioná-lo como alternativa ou como anteparo de
acesso ao sistema jurisdicional tradicional, mas a este tentando se integrar, se inter-relacionar, como mais um papel assumido pelo Estado do Bem-Estar Social. O estudo parte de um relato histórico da mediação no mundo, com ênfase nos países que mais vêm influenciando o Brasil na construção do seu sistema próprio de mediação. Discorre sobre os novos paradigmas da ciência em suas dimensões de complexidade, instabilidade e intersubjetividade, as quais
fundamentam a necessidade de integração entre o sistema jurisdicional e o da mediação e, por fim, analisa a mediação em seus aspectos mais relevantes: poder de gestão de conflitos, natureza jurídica, interdisciplinariedade e participação do mediador. O movimento legislativo
brasileiro pela regulamentação da mediação também é apresentado, juntamente com a descrição do uso da mediação no Estado de Pernambuco por meio da Central de Conciliação, Mediação e Arbitragem do Recife. O método de pesquisa tomou por base a leitura do repertório bibliográfico sobre o tema no âmbito da Ciência do Direito com aporte em outras disciplinas, bem como o estudo de caso realizado por meio da análise de 1.481 termos de
acordo realizados perante a CMA-Recife entre os meses de junho/2008 a maio/2009. Os resultados passaram por uma avaliação estatística e levaram ao cumprimento do seu objetivo, especialmente ao identificar uma via adequada para a solução consensual e pacífica de conflitos integrada ao sistema jurisdicional tradicionalThis study aims to analise the interdisciplinar mediation system under the new science paradigm, however, not as an alternative or same break to use the traditional litigation system, but trying to integrate or connect one to another, as one more function of Welfare state. The work starts from a historical account of mediation throghout the world, with enphasis in the countries which have more influence over Brazils own mediation system construction. New science paradigms are discussed by their dimensions of complexity, instability and intersubjectivity, which validate the need of integration between legal and mediation systems and, at last, the mediation is analysed into its more relevants aspects, that is, the power of management of conflicts, legal nature, interdiciplinarity and mediators interventions. Brazilian legislative moviment towards the legalization of mediation is also presented, as well as the description of mediation use in Pernambuco State by the Conciliation, Mediation and Arbitration Center of Recife. The research method was based upon the reading of a vaste bibliography about the subject at the Law Science framework, helped by same other disciplines, as well as by a case study which was built after the analysis of 1,481 legal agreements that took place in the period between June, 2008 and May, 2009 at CMA-Recife. The results suffered a statistic evaluation and acchieved their aims, specially by the identification of an adequate way for peaceful and kind conflicts resolution that should be integrated to the traditional legal system
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Meraz, Castillo Armando. "Mediación-conciliación como política pública para la resolución de conflictos socio-ambientales." reponame:Repositório Institucional da UCS, 2015. https://repositorio.ucs.br/handle/11338/934.
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A partir de los movimientos socio-ambientales surgidos en los años 60, se notó una creciente preocupación por el deterioro del medio ambiente, así como por la participación social de intervenir en las decisiones públicas relativas al uso adecuado de los recursos naturales. No obstante ello, el sistema procesal vigente todavía se rige por un ordenamiento jurídico positivista, apegado fundamentalmente a las directrices enmarcadas en la ley. Como resultado, se observa una deficiencia, por parte del Estado, en dirimir las complejas controversias que surgen englobando determinados grupos sociales y el medio ambiente. En este contexto, se analiza la posibilidad de utilizar métodos alternativos de resolución de controversias, tales como la mediación y la conciliación, como opciones viables para resolver los conflictos socio-ambientales, y con ello obtener una solución que atienda las necesidades de la sociedad y del medio natural. Partiendo de la idea de que la participación social tiene que reflejarse de una forma más efectiva, los procesos de medicación–conciliación se revelaron no apenas un medio adecuado para solucionar controversias socio-ambientales, mediante la creación de espacios neutrales, sino también, como instrumentos capaces de empoderar a las minorías o los grupos sociales hiposuficientes, fomentando su participación por medio de métodos y herramientas que garanticen su equidad en la disputa y la expresión de su auténtica voluntad. Para ello, el presente trabajo se apoyó en el método de investigación fenomenológico, en conjunto con el procedimiento monográfico, así como la técnica de investigación consistente en la recolecta de datos bibliográficos y documentales.Submitted by Ana Guimarães Pereira (agpereir@ucs.br) on 2015-05-06T19:00:21Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertacao Armando Meraz Castillo.pdf: 1522968 bytes, checksum: 38be07977723bc6d4c110c0d7f1de70e (MD5)
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A partir dos movimentos sócio-ambientais surgidos na década de 1960, observou-se uma crescente preocupação com a deterioração do meio ambiente e com a participação social de intervir nas decisões públicas sobre o uso correto dos recursos naturais. Apesar disso, o sistema processual atual ainda é regido por um sistema jurídico positivista, fundamentalmente apegado às diretrizes contidas na lei. Como resultado, observa-se uma deficiência por parte do Estado em dirimir os complexos litígios englobando certos grupos sociais e o meio ambiente. Neste contexto, esta pesquisa analisa a possibilidade de utilizar métodos alternativos de resolução de controvérsias, como a mediação e conciliação, como opções viáveis para a resolução de conflitos ambientais e, com isso, obter uma solução que atenda às necessidades da sociedade e do ambiente natural. Partindo da ideia de que participação social deve se refletir de forma mais eficaz, os processos de mediação-conciliação se revelaram não somente como um meio adequado para a resolução de litígios ambientais, através da criação de espaços neutros, mas também como instrumentos capazes de empoderar as minorias ou grupos sociais hiposuficientes, incentivando sua participação por meio de métodos e ferramentas que garantam sua equidade na disputa e a expressão de sua autêntica vontade. Para tanto, este estudo baseou-se no método de pesquisa fenomenológico, utilizando-se do procedimento monográfico, bem como da técnica de pesquisa de compilação de dados bibliográficos e documentais.
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Webb, Brandon. "Legal representation at internal disciplinary enquiries: the CCMA and bargaining councils." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/d1021066.
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The right to legal representation at internal disciplinary hearings and arbitration proceedings at the Commission for Conciliation, Mediation and Arbitration (CCMA), and bargaining councils, where the reason for dismissal relates to misconduct or incapacity is a topic that is raised continuously and often debated. Despite no amendments to labour legislation pertaining to the issue at hand there was however a recent Supreme Court of Appeal judgment. This judgment alters one’s view and clarifies the uncertainties that were created around Rule 25 of the CCMA rules, it also brings a different perspective to the matter, but it will however continue to ignite significant interest. There is no automatic right to legal representation at disciplinary hearings, at the CCMA, and at bargaining councils where disputes involve conduct or capacity and this is the very reason why it is a contentious matter for all parties to grapple with. The dismissal of an employee for misconduct may not be significant to the employer, but the employee’s job is his major asset, and losing his employment is a serious matter to contend with. Lawyers are said to make the process legalistic and expensive, and are blamed for causing delays in the proceedings due to their unavailability and the approach that they adopt. Allowing legal representation places individual employees and small businesses on the back foot because of the costs. Section 23(1) of the Constitution of the Republic of South Africa, Act 108 of 1996, provides everyone with the right to fair labour practices, and section 185 of the Labour Relations Act 66 of 1995 gives effect to this right and specifies, amongst others, that an employee has the right not to be unfairly dismissed. At internal disciplinary hearings, the Labour Relations Act 66 of 1995 is silent as to what the employee’s rights are with regards to legal representation and the general rule is that legal representation is not permitted, unless the employer’s disciplinary code and procedure or the employee’s contract allows for it, but usually an employee may only be represented by a fellow employee or trade union representative, but not by a legal representative. In MEC: Department of Finance, Economic Affairs and Tourism, Northern Province v Mahumani, the Supreme Court of Appeal held that there exists no right in terms of the common law to legal representation in tribunals other than in courts of law. However, both the common law and PAJA concede that in certain situations it may be unfair to deny a party legal representation. Currently the position in South Africa is that an employee facing disciplinary proceedings can put forward a request for legal representation and the chairperson of the disciplinary hearing will have the discretion to allow or refuse the request. In Hamata v Chairperson, Peninsula Technikon Internal Disciplinary Committee, the Supreme Court of Appeal found that the South African law does not recognise an absolute right to legal representation in fora other than courts of law, and a constitutional right to legal representation only arises in respect of criminal matters.
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Buchner, Jacques Johan. "The constitutional right to legal representation during disciplinary hearings and proceedings before the CCMA." Thesis, University of Port Elizabeth, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/294.
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The right to legal representation at labour proceedings of an administrative or quasi-judicial nature is not clear in our law, and has been the subject of contradictory debate in the South African courts since the1920’s. Despite the ambiguities and uncertainty in the South African common law, the statutory regulation of legal representation was not comprehensively captured in labour legislation resulting in even more debate, especially as to the right to be represented by a person of choice at these proceedings in terms of the relevant entrenched protections contained in the Bill of Rights. The Labour Relations Act 12 of 2002 (prior to amendment) is silent on the right to representation at in-house disciplinary proceedings. Section 135(4) of Act 12 of 2002 allows for a party at conciliation proceedings to appear in person or to be represented by a director or co employee or a member or office bearer or official of that party’s registered trade union. Section 138(4) of the same Act allows for legal representation at arbitration proceedings, but subject to section 140(1) which excludes legal representation involving dismissals for reasons related to conduct or capacity, unless all parties and the commissioner consent, or if the commissioner allows it per guided discretion to achieve or promote reasonableness and fairness. The abovementioned three sections were however repealed by the amendments of the Labour Relations Act 12 of 2002. Despite the repealing provision, Item 27 of Schedule 7 of the Amendment reads that the repealed provisions should remain in force pending promulgation of specific rules in terms of section 115(2A)(m) by the CCMA. These rules have not been promulgated to date. The common law’s view on legal representation as a compulsory consideration in terms of section 39 of the Constitution 108 of 1996 and further a guidance to the entitlement to legal representation where legislation is silent. The common law seems to be clear that there is no general right to legal representation at administrative and quasi judicial proceedings. If the contractual relationship is silent on representation it may be permitted if exceptional circumstances exist, vouching such inclusion. Such circumstances may include the complex nature of the issues in dispute and the seriousness of the imposable penalty ( for example dismissal or criminal sanction). Some authority ruled that the principles of natural justice supercede a contractual condition to the contrary which may exist between employer and employee. The courts did however emphasize the importance and weight of the contractual relationship between the parties in governing the extent of representation at these proceedings. Since 1994 the entrenched Bill of Rights added another dimension to the interpretation of rights as the supreme law of the country. On the topic of legal representation and within the ambit of the limitation clause, three constitutionally entrenched rights had to be considered. The first is the right to a fair trial, including the right to be represented by a practitioner of your choice. Authority reached consensus that this right, contained in section 35 of the Constitution Act 108 of 1996 is restricted to accused persons charged in a criminal trial. The second protection is the entitlement to administrative procedure which is justifiable and fair (This extent of this right is governed y the provisions of the Promotion of Access to Administrative Justice Act 3 of 2000) and thirdly the right to equality before the law and equal protection by the law. In conclusion, the Constitution Act 108 of 1996 upholds the law of general application, if free and justifiable. Within this context, the Labour Relations Act 66 of 1995 allows for specific representation at selected fora, and the common law governs legal representation post 1994 within the framework of the Constitution. The ultimate test in considering the entitlement to legal representation at administrative and quasi judicial proceedings will be in balancing the protection of the principle that these tribunals are masters of their own procedure, and that they may unilaterally dictate the inclusion or exclusion of representation at these proceedings and the extent of same, as well as the view of over judicialation of process by the technical and delaying tactics of legal practitioners, against the wide protections of natural justice and entrenched constitutional protections.
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Steele, Garza José Guadalupe. "El procedimiento arbitral de consumo como mecanismo efectivo en la solución de conflictos entre consumidores y empresarios en México y España." Doctoral thesis, Universidad de Murcia, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/97341.
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El objetivo central de ésta investigación es el análisis del Sistema Arbitral de Consumo en España y México, su ámbito de aplicación y sus principales características, así como la Mediación y la Conciliación de una forma general, que tienen lugar dentro del mismo contexto. Por ello se investigaron las distintas normativas que regulan el procedimiento especial en el ámbito del consumo en ambos países respecto a sus bondades, ventajas, limitaciones y los campos de oportunidad, en este sentido se utilizó el método de investigación de estudio de casos de tipo explicativo, apoyándose en fuentes de Investigación Jurídica, como leyes, jurisprudencia y doctrina, concluyendo con propuestas de algunas adiciones de ambos sistemas sustanciales y destacando los logros que se obtendrán de la instalación de una reforma legislativa al sistema en beneficio de la comunidad.The objective of this research is the analysis of Consumer Arbitration System in Spain and Mexico, its scope and its main features, as well as mediation and conciliation taking place within the context. We investigated the different regulations governing special procedure in both countries regarding their benefits, advantages, limitations and areas of opportunity, in that way the research method of case study explanatory type was used, leaning on sources of legal research, such as laws, jurisprudence and doctrine, concluding with the suggestion of some additions to both substantial systems and highlighting the achievements to be obtained from the installation of a legislative reform to the system, in benefit of the community.
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Dias, Fernanda Maria dos Santos Ferreira. "Resolução alternativa de litígios de Consumo na União Europeia." Master's thesis, Instituto Superior de Ciências Sociais e Políticas, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/16155.
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Dissertação de Mestrado em Relações InternacionaisO aprofundamento do Mercado Único Europeu colocou a Resolução Alternativa de Litígios de Consumo (RALC) como um elemento importante para promover a confiança nas trocas transfronteiriças de bens e serviços na União Europeia. A Dissertação apresenta alguns modelos nacionais de RALC em determinados países e como confluíram para um modelo europeu. Apesar da criação do Mercado Único em 1993, só muito recentemente se deu um passo importante para estabelecer um quadro normativo de acesso simples dos consumidores à justiça em todos os Estados-Membros da União Europeia, salvaguardando os direitos destes ao mesmo tempo que se promove o comércio transfronteiriço. A Diretiva 2013/11/UE entrou em vigor em julho de 2015 e determinou a criação de entidades RALC que lidam com casos C2B; o Regulamento 2013/524 operacionalizou, a partir do início de 2016, uma plataforma online para receção de reclamações decorrentes do comércio eletrónico transfronteiriço. Será que esta legislação veio aumentar a perceção de consumidores e empresas para uma justiça simples em conflitos relevantes para os consumidores, que de outra forma provavelmente nunca seriam submetidos a um tribunal em razão do seu reduzido valor? Espera-se que este seja mais um passo para o aprofundamento do mercado único na União Europeia.
The deepening of the European Single Market has made Consumer Alternative Dispute Resolution (CADR) an important tool in promoting trust in cross-border trade of goods and services in the European Union. This text presents some national models of CADR in certain countries and how they converge to a European model. Indeed, despite the creation of the European Single Market in 1993, an important step has been taken only recently to establish a regulatory framework for simple consumers’ access to justice in all Member States of the European Union while safeguarding their rights and at the same time promoting cross-border trade in the single area. Directive 2013/11/EU entered into force in July 2015 and established the creation of CADR entities dealing with C2B cases; Regulation 2013/524 applies from the beginning of 2016 and set up an online dispute resolution platform for receiving complaints arising from cross-border e-commerce. Has this legislation increased consumers' and firms' perception of simple fairness in conflicts that are relevant to consumers, and which would otherwise probably never be submitted to a court because of their reduced value? This is expected to be another step towards deepening the single market in the European Union.
N/A
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Asperti, Maria Cecília de Araujo. "Meios consensuais de resolução de disputas repetitivas: a conciliação, a mediação e os grandes litigantes do judiciário." Universidade de São Paulo, 2014. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/2/2137/tde-27012015-163101/.
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Direito processual civil, Mediação e conciliação, Reforma judiciáriaThe proliferation of individual claims repeating factual and/or legal matters have inspired procedural reforms aimed at the standardization of judgments, the consolidation of precedents and the collectivization of individual claims and searching for effectiveness and legal certainty. Another important response to this repeated litigation is the promotion of consensual dispute resolution, especially conciliation and mediation in the courts. This research investigates how consensual mechanisms are used by courts to deal with repeated litigation and which are the practices and techniques specifically aimed at repeated disputes. The characteristic elements of these repeated disputes are the similarity of the factual and/or legal arguments, the representativeness of the volume of claims and the fact that one of the parties litigates in similar disputes more often, while the other in involved in such type of cases only occasionally. These repeat players are known as the great litigants of the Judiciary, and enjoy certain advantages in terms of bargaining power, resources and information in view of their size and the frequency with which they are involved with similar cases. An empirical research was carried out court programs in Brazil and the United States to study the perceptions of the actors involved in the design and operation these programas on the issues raised. It was found that repeated litigation is a crucial part of court conciliation and mediation programs, influencing the role of the main stakeholders (parties, lawyers and conciliators/mediators), screening and case management practices, access conditions, specific techniques and the role played the Judiciary, who shall also act as manager, designer and institutional mediator. It is concluded that the structure of these programs and the role of those involved can be key factors for an adequate treatment of repeated disputes in the judicial context.
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Poli, Catherine. "L'unité fondamentale des accords amiables." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018AIXM0759/document.
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Les processus de résolution amiable des différends – conciliation, médiation, procédure participative ou droit collaboratif – présentent une unité d’objectif. Leur mise en œuvre permet une tentative de conclusion d’un accord amiable : un contrat consacrant la solution du différend construite par les parties. Sans se départir d’une approche procédurale, cette étude propose une analyse contractuelle de la résolution amiable des différends. Au-delà d’une procéduralisation de la formation de l’accord amiable, le droit commun des contrats sert en effet de manière unitaire les négociations et la conclusion de l’accord amiable. Ce dernier présente néanmoins une certaine diversité au regard des qualifications contractuelles qu’il peut revêtir. Si le contrat de transaction apparaît comme un référent à l’accord amiable, tout accord amiable ne consiste pas nécessairement en une transaction. Mais au-delà du jeu des qualifications possibles, le droit commun des contrats fédère les conditions de validité et les forces de l’accord amiable. Une unité fondamentale des accords amiables se révèle ainsi, garantissant la résolution effective des différendsThe amicable settlement process - conciliation, mediation, collaborative procedure or law - present the same aim. Every amicable settlement process permits the conclusion of an amicable agreement: a contract consecrating the solution built by the parties. Without distracting from procedural approach, this study offers a contractual analysis of the amicable dispute resolution. Beyond a proceduralisation of the negotiation and the amicable settlement formation, it is the general law of contract that insure a support to the amicable settlement process. However, the amicable settlement presents some diversity due to peripheral qualifications. If the transaction contract is a reference to the amicable settlement, every amicable settlement is not necessarily a transaction. Beyong the choice of qualifications, the general contract law unites the validity conditions and the forces of the amicable settlement. A fundamental unity of amicable settlements reveals, safeguarded the effective dispute resolution
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Bonotto, Cecília Laranja da Fonseca. "Política nacional de conciliação: política pública implementação pelo Conselho Nacional de Justiça." reponame:Repositório Institucional do FGV, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10438/9758.
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Esta obra tem como tema central a abordagem da política nacional de conciliação implementada pelo Conselho Nacional de Justiça, bem como a sua adoção pelo TJRS. Em razão da mudança comportamental da sociedade nas últimas décadas, decorrente de vários fatores, entre eles: a evolução do Estado liberal para o Estado democrático de direito, a constitucionalização dos direitos fundamentais e o acesso à justiça, entre outros, ocorreu o aumento da demanda judicial, gerando problemas na prestação jurisdicional, como morosidade do sistema e difícil acesso ao Poder Judiciário. Assim, no auge da crise do Poder Judiciário, através da emenda constitucional nº 45, foi criado o Conselho Nacional de Justiça, com o objetivo de tornar a prestação jurisdicional, de forma moral, eficiente e efetiva. O Conselho Nacional de Justiça, como integrante do Poder Judiciário, visando, através de uma política pública nacional, a maximizar a prestação jurisdicional e oferecer uma justiça mais célere e justa, através da resolução número 125, determinou a implantação da política Nacional da Conciliação. Desse modo, o Poder Judiciário, utilizando os métodos alternativos de solução de conflitos, a conciliação e a mediação, espera oferecer uma jurisdição mais rápida, contribuir para a pacificação social e diminuir o número de ações judiciais, com a implementação da política Nacional da Conciliação. O Tribunal de Justiça gaúcho, visando a cumprir as determinações da Resolução n. 125 do Conselho Nacional de Justiça, instalou no Estado do Rio Grande do Sul quatro centrais de conciliação e mediação, entre elas a Central Judicial de Conciliação e Mediação da comarca de Pelotas. Os resultados apresentados por esse órgão demonstram que as conciliações, embora não apresentem um número expressivo, têm se revelado um mecanismo célere e eficaz, na busca da resolução de conflitos e pacificação social.
This work is focused on the approach of the national reconciliation policy implemented by the National Justice Council, as well as its adoption by the TJRS. Because of the society behavioral change in recent decades due to several factors, including: the evolution of the liberal State to the democratic law rule the fundamental rights constitutionalization and the justice access, among others, there was an increase in the lawsuit, generating problems such as delays in the adjudication system and difficult access to the Court. So at the height of the judiciary crises through the constitutional amendment number 45, created the National Justice Council, in order to make the adjudication of a moral, efficient and effective. The National Justice Council, as a member of the Judiciary, seeking, through a national public politics, to maximize the adjudication and offer a faster and fair justice, through the resolution number 125, established the policy implementation of National Reconciliation. Thus, the Judiciary, using alternative methods of dispute resolution, conciliation and mediation, the jurisdiction hopes to offer a faster, contribution to the social peace and reduce the number of lawsuits, with the implementation of the National Reconciliation politics. The Rio Grande do Sul‟s Court, in order to comply with the provisions of the Resolution number 125 from the National Justice Council, installed in this State, four conciliation and mediation central,including the Central Judicial Conciliation and Mediation region of Pelotas. The results showed that the reconciliations, while not showing a significant number, have revealed a fast and effective mechanism in the conflict pursuit resolution and social pacification.
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Fontaine, Gisèle. "An evaluation of Family Conciliation's Mediation and Family Violence Protocols." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/mq23306.pdf.
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