Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Médias numériques – Sociologie'
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Lupovici, Raphaël. "La critique des médias par les Gilets jaunes. Étude des appuis sociaux et numériques de la contestation politique." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris 3, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023PA030114.
Full textFrom its outset in November 2018, the Yellow Vests Movement (YVM) has stood out for its fierce criticism of the mainstream media, most notably through its engagement on social media platforms. This thesis investigates the driving forces behind this denunciation. It draws on combined fieldworks, involving the analysis of screenshots taken from the YV’s Facebook spaces (n = 316), as well as semi-structured interviews conducted among the movement’s participants (n = 38), and results from a 2019 survey administered via the Pluralisme de l’information en ligne (PIL) research project. The study of this empirical data seeks to identify the social organizing principles of the YV’s media criticism. It combines a dispositionalist examination of the respondents’ individual experiences with a discussion of the online development of a shared critical culture, specific to the protest. The YV’s media criticism thus appears to be the product of a mobilization of demonstrators with varying degrees of inclination towards critical discourse. As the activist experience of the YV regularly found itself at odds with the media coverage of the movement, it prompted the online expression of an anger aggregated by platforms, and gradually formed a common culture of protest. This media criticism eventually took root in the daily lives of the YV, resulting in a reconfiguration of their media practices, thus sustaining a denunciation that became a structural feature of the protest
Luca, Mario. "E-migrants : the refugee crisis, online media and the spread of xenophobic populism." Thesis, Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019IEPP0044.
Full textThis dissertation aims to shed light on how the refugee crisis and online media interacted together and contributed to the rise of xenophobic and populist movements in Italy. In the first chapter we analyse the impact on far-right voting of an increased presence of refugees at the municipal level. We find that small reception centers lead to a decrease on far-right voting and hate crimes. This effect is driven mostly by municipalities that are less connected to the internet, which suggests that online media play an important role in the way migration is perceived. We also find that right-wing politicians are less likely to open such reception centres, possibly anticipating the negative electoral effect they might have. In the second chapter, we focus on the impact of a rise in salience of migration on hate speech online. We show that shipwrecks in the Mediterranean are an exogenous shock on the online conversation on Twitter and we show that in the aftermath of a tragedy polarization increases. While left-wing politicians and voters are less likely to express an anti-migrant sentiment after a shipwreck, right-wing ones are even more openly anti-migrant. Hate speech online is also correlated with an increase of hate crimes offline. In the third paper, we run an experiment to understand who consumes clickbait news and why. We find that older, less educated people who are more likely to vote for a populist party prefer online media. We also show that this preference does not come from taste alone, but from a perceived higher level of informativeness of such media by this population
Delias, Lucie. "L'âge des usages. Usages sociaux des technologies numériques par les adultes âgés et représentations du "bien-vieillir connecté"." Thesis, Paris 3, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019PA030039.
Full textGrounded in an approach that combines sociology of internet use and critical gerontology, the goal of this thesis is to demonstrate that the socio-historic context of the last decades, where more positive representations of aging appeared – starting with the emergence of the “Third Age” and resulting in the contemporary figure of the dynamic “senior” – led to the renewal of social norms concerning older adults. Building on the already existing ideal of “successful aging”, the pressure of resisting the “decline” associated with old age continues to grow, mandating the development of both an active and connected lifestyle. This study then analyses how social uses of digital technologies by older adults are influenced by those cultural representations, and vice versa. To this end, a methodology based on the collection of various empirical elements has been built; it includes semi-structured interviews with individuals from 62 to 82 years old; ethnographic observation in computer classes offered by associations for retired people; and the analysis of several websites specialized in the development of “senior” sociability.It appears that digital technologies’ uses and representations help shape the complex construction of the identity of older adults, both as individuals and as a social group. These identities can vary depending on the type of institutions (commercial or non-profit) that promote discourses of “connected successful aging”, and on the profile of the public they target, but may also be affected by an individual’s social trajectory, generation, class and gender. Nevertheless, those social norms are interpreted and adapted in various ways; and through their practices and aspirations, older adults themselves can contribute to reinforcing them. Moreover, although the “connected” and active lifestyle is more likely to be applied by older people coming from the middle and upper class, the data collected revealed some common features in the attitudes and perceptions towards digital media of older adults, explained by their shared experience of being both a retired and aging person in an increasingly digitalized environment
Letz, Géraldine. "Repenser les représentations du handicap au prisme du sport : visibilités, usages et réappropriations." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lorraine, 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022LORR0333.
Full textThis multidisciplinary research explores the mechanisms of the system of representations concerning the figure of the athlete with a visible disability. Since its emergence in the medical field at the end of the Second World War, para-sport has been an indicator of the place of people with disabilities in our society. Initially apart of the hegemonic valid model, Paralympics games are now mega-events of the show business sport, generating symbolic changes that we analyze from 2012 to 2021. Social production and perception of supercrip by mass medias and the general public contain social issues of disabled visibility that go beyond the sport field. The interpretative guides given by the mediatization of disabled athletes influence public view and attitude. They are simplified and operating cultural model that can reach the widest possible audience. Thus, studying the self-building process of representation on the social networks by athletes with disabilities offers an additional change in perspective that completes our exploration. We examined three Instagram accounts of intercultural paralympics French athletes with a nethnographic approach. It showcases a reconfiguration of social links and different ways of self-creation on the Internet. Despite an increasing visibility of disability, the media coverage of the Paralympic Games and the digital identities built on social networks remain within a categorical and normalized logic. To overcome this limit, we have conducted a hybrid and experimental investigation relating to a shared sport practice based on disable-valid mix. With a situated knowledges status, our participative method is a framework of co-practice and co-construction of representations where personal experience and diversity are combined
Monsavoir, Magali. "Pour une compréhension sociologique du numérique : mise en sens du numérique au travers de la communication télévisuelle et sociale." Paris 5, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA05H057.
Full textThe development of new digital techniques (binary coding) in the field of communication leads to a complete reexamination of its analytical frameworks. Television sphere bears witness to this evolution. Better than any other communication medium, TV has been reworked both from the point of view of its form (interactiveness) and of its content (programs, conception of the place and the role of TV viewer). While this topic is widely treated and is often presented in media and especially through internet, the heuristic contribution of a sociological reflection consists in the demonstration that the diffusion of digital technologies across the so called new technologies of communication (NTC) can better be explained by the specificity of social and cultural context than by its technical potential (which characterizes the "technicist" ideology). Thus, understanding digital techniques supposes to begin with a precise examination of social expectations, conscious and unconscious, in matter of communication. From this point of view, we have to admit that our societies feel especially concerned about communication, at such a point that it is put at the heart of all social relationships. Many speeches would lead us to conclude that technology is stronger than social space, and even to conclude that technology is "all powerful", sociology proposes to "recontextualize" innovation in order to catch its real stakes. Afterwards, analyzing communication as a myth, our wish will be to interpret investment of our times in those technologies and the expectations that they take charge of social link as the expression of a profound identity anguish of modern societies
Kamtchueng, Foping Dolorès. "Enjeux des usages de dispositifs participatifs info communicationnels de programmes de prévention et promotion de la santé de reproduction des jeunes au Cameroun." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024UBFCH017.
Full textIn social engineering interventions, and typically in development , participation is presented as a lever, even a democratic and managerial ideal; moreover with the use of digital devices. U Report Cameroon follows this trend. By collecting, through its mobile telephone platform, the opinions of young people and adolescents on subjects such as sexual and reproductive health, this project provides for “effective and successful participation”. These logics idealizing participation and digital technology suggest that the realization of these projects goes without saying. Such linearity takes for granted the appropriation, by its actors, of the directives issued during the framing. But what about the “disenchantment” faced with the implementation gaps between what was planned and what is happening?To identify the stakes of these gaps, we combine multidisciplinary contributions mobilized in research on development, digital health and organization. Our vision of development is less marked by the deconstruction of the mechanisms for strengthening the Western model of well-being. It is viewed as a form of social change and internationalized public action; i.e. an object of study of the dynamics at work in the project ecosystem. Within this framework, social interactions take place between actors in the production driven by varied logics and strategies. Anything that contributes to conceptual shifts relating to the consideration of the device studied from “traveler model” to “organization” via “IAP” and “DISTIC”.This study focuses on gaps between what is achieved and what is planned for participation according to the 'participative norm', in the light of “rationalizations as a capacity for action”. The ACO/CCO articulation contributes to a multilevel analysis of the practices of the actors in the production chain, the structuring framework and the discourses. This crossed lens focused on the symbolic dimension of relationships to participation concretizes “methodological and interpretive eclecticism” and supports “empirical adequacy” in the interpretation of discursive, observational and written field data collected from December 2020 to August 2022.Between prevalence and interdependence, the respondents try to optimize their presence in the project ecosystem. They reinterpret the reference framework and the operational variations of the project, the ‘linkage notions’ at the center of the “hybrid” semiotic foci activated according to fluctuating expectations, values and motivations. Forms of ‘nuanced submission’ emerge, between resignation and rupture. This ‘dialectization-semiotization-redefinition triad’ questions the “rationalization in action” due to the dissonances between what is thought, what is said and what is done and makes the gaps in realization appear as gaps in translation and appropriation
Cabrolié, Stéphane. "La presse quotidienne nationale de l’économie industrielle à l’économie numérique : sociologie de l’édition du journal." Thesis, Paris 10, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA100091/document.
Full textThis thesis deals with the process of valorization of national daily newspapers on the two-sided market of the press (readers and advertisers) and considers the role of the edition activity in the creation of value. The analysis of the activity of “press workers” (writers, editors, managers, commercials in advertising agencies) aims at describing the production of an hybrid good, both informational and advertising, of which final characteristics result from operations of qualification and valuation of contents, and from editorial and technical operations that transform editorial projects into edited products. The observation of editorial work and edition systems uses in daily press newsrooms shows a process of rationalization of the conception and production of newspapers. Editors want to master this process in order to reinforce their control of edition and valorization of newspapers, but industrial rationalization does not guarantee firms profitability in a changing market of informational goods. To face uncertainty of newspapers valorization, editors take action on the editorial position of papers and on the work of edition done by editorial staff, and they engage the development of cross-media newsrooms. The activity of contents edition is at the heart of the value chain of newspaper, but the evolution of cultural practices and the transforming media landscape put in question business models of newspapers and challenge work practices as well as representations of occupations in newsrooms
Cardon, Dominique. "L'espace public élargi. Opinion, critique et expressivité à l'ère d'internet." Thesis, Paris Est, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PESC0053.
Full textThis thesis gathers a series of articles dealing with the ordinary forms of participation in the public space. It attempts to describe the way the public have been led to express itself in traditional media, alternative media and the web. From an approach examining different formats of enunciation (opinion, criticism and testimony), this work intends to understand how public space has expanded to new audiences and new regimes of expression with the appearance of web at the turn of the 2000s. The different researches gathered in this thesis compares (1) case studies on the expression of listeners in traditional radio program (Les auditeurs ont la parole (RTL), Les indignations pour l'abbé Pierre (France Inter) and L'émission de Menie Grégoire (RTL)); (2) analysis of the role of alternative media and the anti-globalization activism in the criticism and the invention of new formats of expression on the Internet; and (3) case studies of new spaces for ordinary expression appeared with the birth of blogs, Wikipedia and social networks of Web 2.0. The opportunity for all to publish on the Internet without going through the filter of traditional media led both to a release of subjectivities and an internalization of expressive constraints by individuals. This analysis also highlights the importance of variation in size and shape of the public in the digital world by showing how to the abstract and anonymous public of traditional media, the web substitutes a dynamic and interactive manufacturing of visibility. In articulating the analysis of digital sociability and the building of public visibility, this thesis shows how the requirements and constraints of the public space are increasingly included in the socialization process of individuals in our societies
Bastard, Irène. "De proches en pages, de pages en proches : Exploration et réception des informations en ligne." Thesis, Paris, ENST, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015ENST0064/document.
Full textWhy do people post news on Facebook? What does a post mean compared to other forms ofexpression? And how does this activity contribute to media appropriation? This research focuses on sharing news, meaning an online interaction which uses information. This activity seems to be the social solution to supporting a person's online exploration. “Who shares what with whom?” is the question asked in this research through multiple approaches, both qualitative and quantitative. The first part is an exploration of online artefacts, counts of what media was shared online, and a few interviews. These diverse points of view show that sharing news enhances public expression of information, but only for some users. Sharing news is a limited part of online media consumption and online interaction. The second part of the research looks in detail at teenagers’ practices on Facebook. For young people on Facebook, all expression has to be social and online artefacts are a way to tell somebody one's position on an issue or on a relationship. News may be there to open interactions. The last part of the research deals with a large dataset of individual Facebook data, available thanks to Algopol Application. Analysis of the diversity of publications shows that the news people share online takes into account their offline media preferences and social activities. Sharing news is an online way of expression based on informations’ reception
Bastard, Irène. "De proches en pages, de pages en proches : Exploration et réception des informations en ligne." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris, ENST, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015ENST0064.
Full textWhy do people post news on Facebook? What does a post mean compared to other forms ofexpression? And how does this activity contribute to media appropriation? This research focuses on sharing news, meaning an online interaction which uses information. This activity seems to be the social solution to supporting a person's online exploration. “Who shares what with whom?” is the question asked in this research through multiple approaches, both qualitative and quantitative. The first part is an exploration of online artefacts, counts of what media was shared online, and a few interviews. These diverse points of view show that sharing news enhances public expression of information, but only for some users. Sharing news is a limited part of online media consumption and online interaction. The second part of the research looks in detail at teenagers’ practices on Facebook. For young people on Facebook, all expression has to be social and online artefacts are a way to tell somebody one's position on an issue or on a relationship. News may be there to open interactions. The last part of the research deals with a large dataset of individual Facebook data, available thanks to Algopol Application. Analysis of the diversity of publications shows that the news people share online takes into account their offline media preferences and social activities. Sharing news is an online way of expression based on informations’ reception
Vicari, Rosa. "Digital traces of climate risks : assessing the communication impact of Paris resilience strategy." Thesis, Paris Est, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018PESC1168.
Full textClimate pressures contribute to the complexity of urban systems that have multiple functions and interacting components. The concept of resilience introduces a holistic approach, embracing both the physical environmental and the socio-economic components of cities. This thesis contributes to the current need to forge this link when studying climate-related risks in urban areas. More specifically, it attempts to answer the question: how can we assess the impact of communication on urban resilience?‘Resilience thinking’ involves overcoming fragmentation in risk management, by creating synergies among stakeholders. It is a challenge that illustrates the importance of the ‘social construction of reality’: a specific dimension of the city that corresponds to the perceptions and attitudes of the urban community regarding an issue or solution. Identifying relevant communication indicators is a prerequisite to collecting meaningful data on stakeholder views and evaluating their impact on resilience.With these premises in mind, the thesis proposes new communication indicators. These indicators have been created and tested in the context of the Paris region to investigate the communication processes that underlie local climate resilience strategies.The first part of this study revolves around the communication actions implemented in Paris by local, national and international authorities in the framework of flood resilience strategies. Recurrent and relevant communication variables have been identified and used as a basis to outline communication indicators.Some of these indicators have then been tested. A first series of experiments are based on research methods that are usually adopted by SIA (Social Impact Assessment) experts. Exploration techniques of unstructured big data (advanced text mining and complex network representation) have been used for a second set of experiments.The experiments based on SIA techniques (press coverage monitoring, a questionnaire and interviews) have been carried out in the framework of the communication strategy of Interreg NWE IVB RainGain, a European project on urban flood resilience.Communication impact has been evaluated in both quantitative (frequency of communication activities and audience size) and qualitative terms (knowledge transfer and risk perception reduction). Impact evolution over time and correlations with another resilience driver (weather hazards) have been also addressed.The experiments based on text mining and network representation have resulted into an analysis of the socio-semantic networks that underlie digital communications.Four corpora of texts have been extracted from the Web: tweets and press news covering the Seine River flood of 2016 and the Alpes-Maritimes flood of 2015; public authorities’ documents on flood risk management in the Paris region, released from 2003 to 2017.The analysis of the corpora was supported by open source software (Gargantext and Gephi) and it has involved several steps: extraction of hundreds of key terms; network representations based on key term co-occurrences; cluster visualisation based on adjacency matrix; quantitative analysis of the nodes and edges. This has allowed appraising the most prominent topics and actors, as well as frequent connections and clusters of topics and actors that characterise the media and political debates.Through a comparison of the four corpora, it has been possible to observe ho these patterns change in the context of two different extreme weather events, in the short-term and in the long-term
Brosseau, Patricia. "L’art de raconter une bonne histoire : une analyse de la couverture médiatique des gangs de rue au Québec." Thèse, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/10278.
Full textLes médias accordent une grande importance aux faits divers et aux évènements criminels. Toutefois, ceux-ci ne sont pas tous rapportés systématiquement et de la même manière. Le traitement médiatique d’un évènement dépend généralement de son sensationnalisme. Plus un évènement est sensationnel, plus les médias auront tendance à lui accorder de l’importance et à en laisser d’autres, moins sensationnels, de côté. Bien que les gangs de rue soient très présents dans le contenu médiatique depuis plusieurs années, très peu d’études permettent d’évaluer dans quelle mesure le phénomène est intéressant pour les médias par rapport à l’ensemble de l’actualité criminelle. Étant donné l’importance que prend le contenu médiatique au sein d’une société, le mémoire s’attarde donc à cette question, de manière à déterminer si les nouvelles au sujet des gangs de rue sont traitées différemment des autres nouvelles de nature criminelle. Le corpus à l’étude totalise 417 reportages de Radio-Canada diffusés sur leur chaîne télévisée et leur site Internet, dont 210 portent sur les gangs de rue et 207 sont des nouvelles-témoins. Les résultats suggèrent que les médias audiovisuels et numériques présentent un aspect particulier du phénomène au public. Les reportages au sujet des gangs de rue sont également plus détaillés et profitent d’un traitement médiatique plus important que les autres, peu importe le médium d’information utilisé. Ainsi, indépendamment des éléments classiques qui déterminent ce qui fait une bonne nouvelle, les événements impliquant des gangs et leurs membres semble recevoir un traitement médiatique particulier.
Perreault, Alex. "Les rationalisations du médium numérique." Thèse, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/4755.
Full textStarting from personal observations on the place hold by techniques and technologies in the production of music, this thesis project was created around Max Weber’s Sociology of Music. First, the relations between music, technology and society are critically questioned in order to underline the possible ways of further research concerning the technical mediation of music. The latter are now characterized through the changes brought by the implementation of Informatics in many societies and the modification of the social or power relationships by the new possibilities of the digital medium. It seems that the Internet has shaken the music industry. However, in this socio-technical system new ways are being shaped allowing the overcome the traditional limitations of the music technologies. These ways takes the form of philosophies but also of social popular among the younger generations observable through changes in social practices. Using the Weber’s conceptual tools, two ideal types are created—representing as many diffusion modes of music on the Internet. Two dimensions regarding the difference between these social and musical practices are stressed: the perpetuation of traditional diffusion practices integrated on the Internet platform and the reflexives practices characterized by a diffusion mode expressing the network type of information circulation of the Internet culture. These ideal types, and the related cases chosen to construct and describe them, serve to discuss the multiple motives of action of different social agents relevant for the diffusion practices, and, finally, the various modalities of the rationalization of music diffusion through the digital medium.
Bégin, Mathieu. "Agir contre la cyberintimidation avec la vidéo numérique et YouTube : une étude de sociologie cognitive sur la communication socioéducative médiatisée chez des adolescents." Thèse, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/18441.
Full textCyberbullying refers to any situation where an individual or a group uses digital technology and/or social media in order to harm a third party. In Quebec, 22% of teenagers are victims of cyberbullying each year. The major effects of these acts include social anxiety, lower grades, severe depression and the emergence of suicidal ideation. This thesis focuses on the actions favored by amateur videographers and adolescents to fight against cyberbullying, using digital video and YouTube. The research is inspired by the theory of cognitive rationality, which suggests that social phenomena may be explained by the reasons why individuals act in a given context. It also uses the concepts of mediation and mediatization in order to distinguish the relational act of communication and the act of formatting information. In this study, 59 amateur videos have been archived, three interviews with video producers have been conducted and 14 focus groups with 75 teenagers were lead. These three data sets have been subjected to a categorical content analysis, which identified the dominant ideas and the preferred modes of representation in the videos and in the discourses of participants. The results presented show that amateur videos urge the public to act against cyberbullying, but that they offer few concrete solutions. To convince the public to take action, the videos show high rates of victimization, take position against the idea that cyberbullying is less serious than traditional bullying, and argue that this phenomenon can lead to suicide. The videos present a picture of the victims that may seem stereotypical at first glance, but which corresponds to the results of research on cyberbullying. This study also shows that video producers are more motivated by the acquisition of a capital of recognition and by the development of skills in video production than by the desire to help those affected by cyberbullying. The results also show that the idea of producing unrealistic dramatizations to describe cyberbullying is rejected by teenagers, who value instead realism and authenticity. They also reveal that teenagers are not receptive to the idea of using humor or violence to convince an audience, and that they are opposed to the idea of producing a video whose contents are computer-generated or in which there is no human presence. The main contribution of this research to the advancement of knowledge on youth and media is a better understanding of the challenges faced by teenagers when they produce a socioeducational video. Media education programs targeting teenagers could discuss with them the principles of such communication, especially regarding the choice of contents, the intended audience and the preferred mode of diffusion.
Caya, Daniel. "Étude d'un réseau socio-technique menant à la création d'un objet nouveau : le cas de la radio numérique à la Société Radio-Canada." Thèse, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/17401.
Full textForcier, Mathieu. "La construction des frontières nationales à l’ère numérique : analyse critique des discours en ligne sur l’immigration et les minorités racialisées au Québec." Thèse, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/22700.
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