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Al-Sharrah, Ahmed. "Multimedia and learning : an empirical investigation for media combinations and learning." Thesis, Loughborough University, 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.403573.
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Romanidis, Petros. "An investigation into the effects of different media combinations on the learning achieved in carrying out computer-based practical tasks." Thesis, Loughborough University, 2006. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/7835.
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Four different computer-based media combinations - Text-only, Text + Diagrams, Spoken Text + Diagrams, and Text + Video material - have been created to instruct participants how to carry out the practical task of removing and installing both a video card and a CPU chip in a computer system. The four presentations are based upon identical teaching material. Tests were constructed to measure the amount of knowledge gained both in the theoretical and in the practical parts of the experiment. An interactive facility was provided which allowed participants to move forwards and backwards in the material so that the effects of interactivity (or lack of it) could be investigated in relation to the media combinations used. In addition, student learning style was measured and the effects of the four presentations on students with different learning styles were investigated. A practical domain was chosen because most previous work has mainly been on theoretical domains (such as statistics) or on animated examples of simple systems (such as braking systems). Two experiments have been designed and carried out. The first experiment was a pilot study which used 24 participants. Its results were used to improve the design of the second experiment by improving the material presented and the knowledge tests and adjusting the complexity of the questions used in the test. The second experiment was a more extensive one in which 80 participants took part. These results showed that text-only material was not as effective in delivering the teaching material to the participants compared with the other presentations. However, when interactivity was introduced, the text-only participants were able to improve their performance considerably by moving extensively between scenes. The addition of video material did not improve the learning performance in the completion of the practical tasks, in comparison with the other media combinations and this may have been due to a redundancy effect. Finally, learning style (regarding the sensing/intuitive learners) did result in significant learning performance differences, but these were not due to the media combinations used. An examination of performance of sensing and intuitive learners over the theoretical and practical aspects of the test suggested that the difference may be due to intuitors' preference for theoretical material and sensors' preference for practical material. Further research work is proposed to investigate further the effects observed.
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Karlsson, David. "Mixing pop in 9.1: How do listeners perceive different delay/panning combinations, applied to solo pop guitar?" Thesis, Luleå tekniska universitet, Institutionen för konst, kommunikation och lärande, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-74086.
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There is little information about mixing music for 9.1 surround, and the information available are mostly for classical music and the use of ambience in the height channels. The production methods for pop music differs from classical music and the productions does not have to sound realistic. In this study, a solo pop guitar was recorded and placed in the center channel. A 9.1 surround playback environment was created and two short delays were added to increase the perceived width of the guitar and shifted between the front L,R speakers, the back L,R, the front height L,R and back height L,R. A listening test was conducted where subjects compared how they perceived the different delay positions. The results showed that the positions were perceived very differently and depends on the listener, although some tendencies were found. The front position was perceived as broader and had were generally rated highest. The front height position was also described as broad but also bright and distinctive. The back position was generally rated lowest and perceived as thin and dull. The back-height position was perceived as dull and to have more bass.
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Lopatta, Kerstin. "Goodwillbilanzierung und Informationsvermittlung nach internationalen Rechnungslegungsstandards : Business Combinations (IFRS, US-GAAP), Kaufpreisallokation, Impairment Test, Konvergenzbestrebungen /." Wiesbaden : Dt. Univ.-Verl, 2006. http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&doc_number=014727219&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA.
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Schüle, Annette. "Die Bilanzierung immaterieller Vermögenswerte einschließlich des Goodwills im Rahmen von Unternehmenserwerben gemäß IFRS 3 und IDW RS HFA 16 : unter besonderer Berücksichtigung der Phase II des IASB-Projekts "Business Combinations" /." Hamburg : Diplomica Verl, 2008. http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&doc_number=016359698&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA.
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Teixeira, Carlos Eduardo Cordeiro. "Efeito do farnesol sobre o fenÃtipo de resistÃncia e a produÃÃo de fosfolipase e protease em cepas de Candida spp." Universidade Federal do CearÃ, 2011. http://www.teses.ufc.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=9555.
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Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento CientÃfico e TecnolÃgicoDiversos sÃo os relatos de resistÃncia in vitro de cepas de Candida spp. a fÃrmacos antifÃngicos, em especial a derivados azÃlicos. Deste modo, a prospecÃÃo de novos compostos com propriedade antifÃngica se faz necessÃria. Assim, o objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a atividade antifÃngica do sesquiterpeno farnesol, sua aÃÃo sinÃrgica com antifÃngicos fluconazol (FLC), itraconazol (ITC), voriconazol (VRZ), anfotericina B (AMB) e caspofungina (CASP), bem como avaliar sua aÃÃo sob a atividade enzimÃtica de fosfolipases e proteases, consideradas importantes fatores de virulÃncia em Candida spp. Para tanto, foram avaliadas cepas de C. albicans (n=23), C. parapsilosis (n=16) e C. tropicalis (n=6). A concentraÃÃo inibitÃria mÃnima (CIM) foi determinada por meio da tÃcnica de microdiluiÃÃo, preconizada pelo Clinical Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI). Em adiÃÃo, foi investigado o efeito do farnesol sobre a atividade de fosfolipase utilizando Ãgar Sabouraud suplementado com gema de ovo e a atividade de protease por tÃcnica espetrofotomÃtica. Paralelamente 14 cepas escolhidas aleatoriamente, foram prÃ-incubadas em trÃs concentraÃÃes sub-CIM de farnesol, afim de avaliar se o farnesol era capaz de causar algum dano na sensibilidade da cepa. Para as 45 cepas avaliadas, os valores de CIM para farnesol variaram de 9,37 a 150 ÂM para Candida spp. Para os derivados azÃlicos, o intervalo dos valores de CIM para fluconazol foi de 0,03125 a > 64 Âg/ml, observando-se a presenÃa de 18 cepas resistentes (CIM > 64 Âg/mL). Em relaÃÃo ao itraconazol, os valores de CIM variaram de 0,03125 a >16 Âg/mL e 35 cepas apresentaram resistÃncia a esse antifÃngico (CIM ≥1 Âg/mL). Constatou-se que das 45 cepas em estudo, 19 apresentaram resistÃncia a anfotericina B, com CIM > 1 Âg/mL. Quanto a caspofungina, os valores de CIM variaram de 0,0625 a 2 Âg/mL, com apenas seis cepas exibido resistÃncia, com CIM de 2 Âg/mL. A combinaÃÃo anfotericina B e farnesol apresentou sinergismo em 94,7% (18/19) das cepas de Candida spp. resistentes, evidenciado pelos valores de FICI ≤ 0,5. Na associaÃÃo fluconazol e farnesol, observou-se uma interaÃÃo sinÃrgica frente a todas as cepas de Candida spp. avaliadas, apresentando FICI ≤ 0,5. Trinta e seis cepas (18 C. albicans, 12 C. parapsilosis e 6 C. tropicalis) foram testadas frente à associaÃÃo de itraconazol e farnesol, observando a ocorrÃncia de sinergismo (FICI ≤ 0,5) em 94,4% dos isolados. Quanto à caspofungina todas as cepas testadas (C. parapsilosis, n=4; C. albicans, n=2) tiveram FICI ≤ 0,5, caracterizando associaÃÃo sinÃrgica com o farnesol. ApÃs constataÃÃo de que 17 das 45 cepas expressavam a enzima fosfolipase, as mesmas foram incubadas em concentraÃÃes sub-CIM de farnesol, por 24 horas, quando observouâse uma medida de Pz mÃdia de 0,73 para as cepas testadas sem contato com farnesol e valores de 0,71, 0,61, e 0,54 para aquelas incubadas em doses sub-inibitÃria de farnesol. Em relaÃÃo à produÃÃo de protease, observou-se que todas as 14 cepas produziam a enzima, em baixas concentraÃÃes, variando de 0,002 a 0,02 U/mL, e que a prÃ-incubaÃÃo com farnesol nÃo interferiu na produÃÃo enzimÃtica. No tocante a prÃ-incubaÃÃo das cepas com farnesol constatou-se que o mesmo interferi direta e indiretamente no fenÃmeno de resistÃncia das cepas. Estes resultados demonstram, em especial, o efeito do composto farnesol sobre a sensibilidade antifÃngica de Candida spp., abrindo a perspectiva de novos estudos com o intuito de determinar os mecanismos de aÃÃo desses compostos no metabolismo celular dos fungos.
There are several reports of in vitro resistance to antifungal drugs, especially azole derivatives, in strains of Candida spp. For this reason, the pursuit for new compounds that present antifungal properties is necessary. Thus, this study aimed at evaluating the antifungal activity of farnesol and its interaction with classical antifungal drugs against Candida spp., as well as evaluating its effect on the production of phospholipase and protease, which are important virulence factors for Candida species. Fourty-five strains of Candida spp. (23 C. albicans, 16 C. parapsilosis and 6 C. tropicalis) were tested through broth microdilution as described by the Clinical Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI), document M27A2, and the minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) for amphotericin B (AMB), fluconazole (FLC), itraconazole (ITC), caspofungin (CAS) and farnesol (FAR) were individually determined. In addition, the effect of FAR on phospholipase activity was assessed by growing the strains on 2% Sabouraud agar, supplemented with egg yolk, and protease activity was determined through spectrophotometry. Then, 13 strains were randomly chosen, pre-incubated at three sub-inhibitory concentrations of FAR for 24 hours and re-submitted to microdilution assay. For the 45 evaluated Candida spp. strains the MIC values for FAR varied from 9.37 to 150 ÂM. For the classical antifungal drugs, MICs ranged from 0.0625 to 4 Âg/mL for AMB, with 19 resistant strains (MIC>1 Âg/mL); from 0.0125 to >64 for FLC, with 18 resistant strains (MIC> 64 Âg/mL); from 0.03125 to >16 Âg/mL for ITC, with 35 resistant strains (MIC ≥1 Âg/mL), and from 0.0625 to 2 Âg/mL for CAS, with six resistant strains (MIC≥2 Âg/mL). All resistant strains were tested against the combination of FAR with the drug to which they presented resistance. The combination of AMB and FAR was synergistic against 94.7% (18/19) of the Candida spp. isolates, as shown through the obtention of FICI≤0.5. FAR and FLC interacted synergistically against all tested strains (n=18), exhibiting FICI values of ≤0.5. The combination of FAR and ITC presented synergistic interactions (FICI≤0.5) against 94.4% of the tested isolates (33/35). Finally, FAR and CAS showed to interact synergistically (FICI≤0.5) against all tested strains. Concerning virulence factors, it was observed that 17/45 isolates produced phospholipase, with a mean Pz of 0.71. After incubating these strains at three different concentrations of FAR the mean Pz values of 0.71, 0.61 and 0.54 were obtained, after incubation at the lowest, the intermediate and the highest concentrations of FAR, respectively. In addition, it was observed that the 14 randomly chosen strains that were screened for protease activity produced low concentrations of these enzymes, varying from 0.002 to 0.02 U/mL and that FAR presented no effect on enzymatic production. Finally, it was observed that pre-incubating strains at the highest sub-inhibitory concentration of FAR reduced the MIC range of the tested antifungal drugs. These results especially show the effects of FAR on the susceptibility of Candida species to classical antifungal drugs, providing perspectives for the development of researches on the mechanisms of this compound on fungal cell metabolism
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Ševeček, Oldřich. "Solution of General Stress Concentrators in Anisotropic Media by Combination of FEM and the Complex Potential Theory." Doctoral thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2009. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-233837.
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Disertační práce se věnuje problematice obecných koncentrátorů napětí v anisotropních prostředích. Zejména se jedná o problém trhlin končících na rozhraní dvou různých materiálů, či problém obecného více-materiálového klínu. Cílem práce je vytvořit komplexní nástroj pro posuzování obecných koncetrátorů napětí tj, popis pole napětí v jeho okolí, zahrnutí případného vlivu přemostění trhliny do výsledného pole napětí a definici lomových kritérií pro obecný koncentrátor v anisotropním prostředí. U popisu pole napětí je využit tzv. Lechnického-Strohův formalismus a technika spojitě rozložených dislokací využívající teorii komplexních potenciálů. V práci je rovněž široce uplatněn tzv. dvoustavový "psí"-integrál (pro výpočet různých součinitelů asymptotického rozvoje pro napětí), založený na Bettiho recipročním teorému v kombinaci s metodou konečných prvků. Pro formulaci lomových kritérií je použita teorie tzv. „konečné lomové mechaniky“ a teorie sdružených asymptotických rozvojů. Studován je především vztah mezi ohybem trhliny podél rozhraní a její případnou pentrací do základního materiálu. Veškeré potřebné výpočty jsou prováděny v matematických softwarech MAPLE 10.0, MATLAB 7.1 a konečnoprvkovém systému ANSYS 10.0.
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Hoenicke, Jochen. "Combination of processes, data, and time /." Oldenburg : Univ., Fak. II, Dep. für Informatik, 2006. http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&doc_number=014970023&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA.
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Campion, Russel John. "TRIuMPh : a multimedia design method for task requirement formulation, media integration, device combination, and practical implementation design issues." Thesis, Staffordshire University, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.267313.
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Klapper, Matthias. "The combination of forecasts using rank based techniques /." Lohmar : Josef Eul, 2000. http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&doc_number=009132491&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA.
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Souza, Cristina. "The combination of Educommunication and community media as a development communication strategy - a case study of the Centre of Community Media São Miguel on Air in São Paulo, Brazil." Thesis, Malmö högskola, Fakulteten för kultur och samhälle (KS), 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-23856.
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The aim of this study is to introduce and analyze the case of the Núcleo de Comunicação Comunitária São Miguel no Ar (Centre of Community Media Sao Miguel on the air, freely translated), known by its acronym NCC, in order to discuss in what ways an educommunication project can contribute to local development and social change, and might be acknowledge as a Communication for Development strategy. The general research question is: in what ways can an educommunication project enhance social participation and contribute to local development? What are the main features of NCC projects in regard to social participation and local development that might characterize it as a Communication for Development strategy? The general aim of this study is to bridge Educommunication and Communication for Development.
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Elenbaas, Marion. "The synchronic and diachronic syntax of the English verb-particle combination /." Utrecht : LOT, 2007. http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&doc_number=015659575&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA.
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Nupponen, Pertti. "Post-acquisition performance : combination, management, and performance measurement in horizontal integration /." [Helsinki] : Helsinki School of Economics and Business Administration, 1995. http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&doc_number=007078756&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA.
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Ferreira, Anna Carolina Galvão. "Desfechos clínicos do tratamento de tuberculose utilizando esquema RHZE em comprimidos com dose fixa combinada." Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2012. http://repositorio.bc.ufg.br/tede/handle/tede/4152.
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Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de Goiás - FAPEG
OBJECTIVE: To describe tuberculosis treatment rates of cure, failure and default of a self administered regimen, with rifampin, isoniazid, pyrazinamide and ethambutol in the first two months of treatment followed by isoniazid and rifampcina in the four last months (2RHZE/4RH) in four-drug fixed-dose combination (FDC), implemented in Brazil since 2010 to replace a regimen of separately administered rifampicin, isoniazid and pyrazinamide in the first two months of treatment followed by isoniazid and rifampcina for four months (2RHZ/4RH). METHODS: Descriptive study using prospectively collected data from medical records of TB cases, older than18 years of age undergoing treatment with 2RHZE/4RH in two units of primary health care in the metropolitan area of Goiânia. RESULTS: The study included 40 cases of TB. The cure rate was 67.5% (27/40), the abandonment was 17.5% (7/40) and there were no cases of failure. There was reports of adverse reactions in 47% (19/40) of the cases. Of these, 87% were mild and 13% were moderate. There was no need for change or suspension of the scheme. CONCLUSIONS: The cure rate in FDC 4RHZE/2RH scheme under self-administered regimen was similar to historical rates of cure with 2RHZ/4RH. The default rate in the sample studied was much higher than the rate recommended as appropriate (up to 5%).
INTRODUÇÃO: O esquema de tratamento da TB tem alta eficácia em torno de 95% e com possibilidade de cura de aproximadamente 100% dos casos e reduz rapidamente a transmissão, e assim pode-se reduzir a incidência da doença. Embora a distribuição da medicação seja gratuita em todo país pelo Sistema Único de Saúde, a efetividade do tratamento da TB varia muito nos diferentes locais. JUSTIFICAVA: Conhecer as taxas de sucesso de tratamento ,falência e abandono além de verificar a segurança do tratamento da TB com 4 medicamentos em apresentação dose fixa combinada. OBJETIVO: Descrever as taxas de cura, falência e abandono do tratamento da tuberculose com o esquema básico com rifampicina, isoniazida, pirazinamida e etambutol nos dois primeiros meses de tratamento seguidos de isoniazida e rifampcina por quatro meses (2RHZE/4RH), sob forma de comprimidos em dose fixa combinada (DFC), em regime auto administrado implementado no Brasil desde 2010, em substituição ao esquema utilizando cápsulas e comprimidos com rifampicina, isoniazida e pirazinamida nos dois primeiros meses de tratamento, seguidos de isoniazida e rifampcina por quatro meses (2RHZ/4RH). MÉTODOS: Estudo descritivo utilizando dados secundários coletados prospectivamente de prontuários de casos de TB, maiores de 18anos, submetidos ao tratamento com esquema básico para tuberculose, em duas Unidades Básicas de Saúde da região metropolitana de Goiânia. RESULTADOS: Foram incluídos no estudo 40 casos de TB. A taxa de cura foi de 67,5% (27/40), a de abandono de 17,5% (7/40) e a não ocorreram casos de falência. Houve relato de reações adversas em 47% (19/40) num total de 31 ocorrências. Dessas, 87% foram leves e 13% moderadas. Em nenhum caso houve necessidade de mudança ou suspensão do esquema. CONCLUSÕES: A taxa de cura do esquema 4RHZE/2RH em DFC sob regime autoadministrado foi semelhante às taxas históricas do tratamento com 2RHZ/4RH. A taxa de abandono na amostra estudada foi superior a taxa preconizada como adequada (até 5%).
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Hoffmann, Adrielle. "Ocorrência e suscetibilidade in vitro a terbinafina, ciclopirox, cetoconazol e itraconazol, com ênfase na combinação entre as drogas antifúngicas de agentes de onicomicose no estado do Espírito Santo." Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2011. http://repositorio.ufes.br/handle/10/5946.
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Previous issue date: 2011-08-10As onicomicoses, infecções fúngicas de unhas, são causadas por fungos filamentosos dermatófitos e não-dermatófitos e leveduras e representam as micoses superficiais mais difíceis de serem diagnosticadas e tratadas. O tratamento é através do uso tópico e/ou oral com drogas antifúngicas e pode ainda envolver a remoção da unha. O uso de agentes tópicos concomitante à terapia sistêmica leva à melhores resultados clínicos e micológicos. A eficácia da associação medicamentosa pode estar associada à ação complementar entre as drogas, envolvendo diferentes níveis de penetração ungueal e, dependendo dos antifúngicos, de diferentes alvos de ação na célula fúngica. O objetivo do presente estudo consistiu em estabelecer a ocorrência de fungos filamentosos na etiologia das onicomicoses e a suscetibilidade in vitro destes às drogas terbinafina, ciclopirox olamina, cetoconazol e itraconazol, conforme o documento M38-A2 (2008) do CLSI. Foi tambem avaliada a combinação entre estas drogas antifúngicas através do cálculo do índice fracionário de concentração inibitória (IFCI). Nossos resultados demonstraram que prevalência das onicomicoses, no período de janeiro de 2009 a abril de 2011, em Vitória, ES, foi de 50% dentre as dermatomicoses. A maioria dos isolados (77%) foi obtido de pacientes do sexo feminino e o local de maior acometimento foram as unhas dos pés para ambos os sexos. As unhas das mãos foram mais acometidas por leveduras e as unhas dos pés, por fungos filamentosos. Em geral, os gêneros de fungos filamentosos mais predominantes na etiologia das onicomicoses foram Trichophyton spp (21,7%), Fusarium spp. (11,2%) e Scytalidium spp.(8,4%). Para fungos filamentosos, os testes de suscetibilidade in vitro mostraram que isolados de dermatófitos foram mais sensíveis que isolados do grupo não-dermatófitos. Entre os nãodermatófitos, Fusarium spp. foi menos inibido que Scytalidium spp., que por sua vez, foi menos inibido que o dermatófito Trichophyton spp. Dentre as combinações testadas não houve nenhum efeito antagônico e,, com exceção daquela entre itraconazol e cetoconazol, as demais apresentaram efeito sinérgico sobre algum isolado. A combinação entre drogas apresentou maiores índices de sinergismo para o gênero Scytalidium spp. O melhor resultado para este gênero foi também obtido pela combinação itraconazol e terbinafina
The onychomycosis, fungal nail infections, are caused by filamentous fungi dermatophytes and non-dermatophytes and yeasts and represent the most difficult superficial mycosis to be diagnosed and treated. Treatment involves use of topical and/or oral antifungal drugs, as well as removal of the nail. The use of topical agents concomitant to systemic therapy leads to better clinical and mycological results. The efficacy of combination therapy may be associated with a complementary action between the drugs, involving different levels of nail penetration and, depending on the antifungal, different targets of action in the fungal cell. The purpose of this study was to establish the occurrence of filamentous fungi in the etiology of onychomycosis and in vitro susceptibility to the drugs terbinafine, ciclopirox olamine, ketoconazole and itraconazole, according to document M38-A2 (2008) CLSI. It was also evaluated the combination among these antifungal drugs by calculating the fractional inhibitory concentration index (FICI). Our results showed that the prevalence of onychomycosis in the period from January 2009 to April 2011, in Vitoria, ES, Brazil, was 50% among the dermatomycosis cases. Most of the isolates (77%) were obtained from female patients and toenails were the local with greater involvement for both sexes. The fingernails were more affected by yeast and toenails, by filamentous fungi. In general, the genera of filamentous fungi more prevalent in the etiology of onychomycosis was Trichophyton spp (21.7%), Fusarium spp. (11.2%) and Scytalidium spp. (8.4%). For filamentous fungi, the in vitro susceptibility testing showed that dermatophytes were more susceptible than non-dermatophytes isolates. Among non-dermatophytes, Fusarium spp. was less inhibited than Scytalidium spp., which in turn, was less inhibited than the dermatophyte Trichophyton spp. Among the combinations tested, there was no antagonistic effect and,, with exception of ketoconazole and itraconazole, those ones showed synergistic effect for isolates. The best results were presented for combinations involving itraconazole and terbinafine. The drug combination with greater synergistic effect was observed for genus Scytalidium spp. being that the combination itraconazole and terbinafine presented also the best results for this genus
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Huang, Yu-Ling, and 黃鈺淩. "Effects of Various Media Combinations on Students’ Learning in Biology." Thesis, 2011. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/87823919423781313583.
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碩士國立屏東科技大學
技術及職業教育研究所
99
This study aims to investigate the learning effects that combinations of various media have on students in biology classes. This study adopts a Quasi-experimental research method, and the samples of this study are 180 seventh grade students of a junior high school in Pingtung County. The tools of this study include biology lessons of teaching patterns using combinations of various media(independent variable), students’ pre-test scores, which is the average scores of the mid-monthly exam in the second semester of 2010. Moreover, the covariant variables are the post-test scores of learning attitude scale and the teaching satisfaction scale after the experimental teaching, and the scores of the learning achievement questionnaires. After comparisons of learning satisfactions and learning effects are made within different teams of students who receive various teaching methods. The researcher collects the data and does the descriptive statistics, analyses of exam discrimination and exam distinction, independent samples one-way ANOVA, and one-way ANOVA. The results of this study show that after receiving different styles of media teaching combinations, students of the combination of “animations & words“ group have better learning effects than students of the combination of “animations, words & asides” group. As for the learning attitude and learning satisfaction, there is no significant difference among students receiving different styles of media teaching combinations. According to this study, some suggestions are raised for the future teaching and further studies.
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Kasumba, Muhandwa Dacquin. "In-vitro efficacy of mucoactives and antimicrobial combinations against biofilm-formers implicated in otitis media and cystic fibrosis." 2013. http://encore.tut.ac.za/iii/cpro/DigitalItemViewPage.external?sp=1000745.
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M. Tech. Pharmaceutical SciencesBacteria are present in natural environments and can develop into biofilms. Mucus-like extracellular matrix produced by biofilms provides protection to biofilm formers by inhibiting antimicrobial penetration and de-activating antimicrobial molecules, while allowing strong attachment onto surfaces. Biofilm development is associated with otitis media and cystic fibrosis. In this study, selected biofilm-formers implicated in otitis media and cystic fibrosis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Moraxella catarrhalis, were used to evaluate the effect of combinations of mucoactive substances and antibiotics against their biofilms. Microtiter-plate assay and optical density measurements were used to evaluate antimicrobial and antibiofilm activities. Confocal scanning laser microscopy was used to visualise the effect of selected treatments against biofilms.
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Lai, Mei Chu, and 賴美珠. "Evaluation of sensitivity and specificityin combination of selective media and enrichment broth for Salmonella isolation from human stoolsEvaluation of sensitivity and specificityin combination of selective media and enrichment broth for Salmonella iso." Thesis, 2005. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/71281041756709802713.
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碩士大葉大學
生物產業科技學系碩士在職專班
93
Salmonellae is one of the most common causes of human gastroenteritis. This study compared the performance of three selective media namely CAS (CHROMagar Salmonella medium), HE (Hektoen enteric agar) and XLD (Xylose lysine desoxycholate agar) and three enrichment broths namely GN (Gram-negative broth), SB (Selenite broth) and SBG (Selenite brilliant green sulfa enrichment broth) to optimize the use of plating media and enrichment broths for isolation of Salmonella spp. from human stools. The 304 stools were cultured onto the above three selective media by direct inoculation and after enrichment in GN and SB. The other 155 stools were tested for SBG and SB enrichment experiments. The standard biochemical identification tests and the serogrouping test were also used to identify Salmonella spp. The 109 Salmonella belong to 20 serotypes. The isolation rate of Salmonella is higher when stools were suspended in saline than plated on HE and XLD directly (42 isolates and 29 isolates, respectively). The sensitivity and specificity for direct plating were 53.5% and 87.6%, respectively, for XLD agar, and for CAS these values were 35.2% and 83.9%, respectively, and for HE these values were 40.9% and 81.5%, respectively. The sensitivities of XLD for direct plating was statistically significantly higher than CAS and HE The sensitivities for the detection of Salmonellae after GN enrichment were 45.1% and 52.1% for HE and XLD was statistically significantly higher than CAS 28.1%. The specificity for the detection of Salmonellae after GN enrichment on CAS, HE, XLD were not significantly different. XLD medium can be recommended for use for the isolation of Salmonella spp. with SB enrichment (sensitivity, 86.0%, specificity, 75.7%). The SB (66 isolates) enrichment procedure increased the number of Salmonella spp. isolates was significantly different from GN (45 isolates) and without enrichment (45 isolates) (p<0.005). Althought SB and SBG were not significantly different from each other in sensitivity, but the specificity of SBG (85.2%) was better than SB (69.6%) (p<0.005). There were more strains Citrobacter spp. on HE medium then CAS and XLD medium (p<0.005) and more strains Pseudomonas aeruginosa on CAS medium then HE (p<0.01) and XLD medium (p<0.005). There were more Citrobacter spp.and Pseudomonas aeruginosa after SB enrichment than SBG (p<0.05). The use of plating on CAS, HE, XLD after SBG enrichment demonstrated high levels of sensitivity and specificity were not significantly different from each other. It can be recommended for the use for the isolation of Salmonella spp. from human stools. The specificity of the CAS was 88.0% after slective enrichment in SBG, while the specificity after oxidase test ruled out false positive result was 94.0%. The higher specificity reduces the need for confirmatory test, thereby cutting technical time and reagent requirements. The CAS with slective enrichment in SBG can be recommended as best choice for Salmonella isolation from human stools.
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SIANG, LIM WAN, and 林萬翔. "The Combination of Calligraphy and Interactive Media Introducing by Phenomenology of Body-Shu Fa." Thesis, 2017. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/627yn9.
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碩士國立臺北科技大學
互動媒體設計研究所
105
With the evolution of thousands of years of history, Chinese calligraphy has become a form of evolution of Chinese cultural spirit and continuously developed into an important method for art conversation and cultural exchange during the process of inheritance. This research adopted the cultural spirit of calligraphy for literature review to find the combinative contents and design out the interactive device. The calligraphic cultural value consciousness and location of calligraphic culture need to face new challenge and prudent thinking. This creation designed the contents respectively in two directions: 1) stroke order: learn the design of calligraphy through stroke order; 2) strength: this paper focuses on how to explore the design combination of the two interactive devices to make a creative attempt through the strength made in martial art. The creation in this research was conducted in a manner of interactive art, where users can experience the interaction method of the two creations. Five subjects including experts and general public were tested, and the audience was interviewed through qualitative research method. After the integration and generalization, this research adopted body phenomenology to find out that users perceive interactive device through body awareness and concluded three key points, respectively “interaction method”, “interaction process” and “interaction purpose”. Based on the relationship between the 3 factors, the two pieces of works in this creation were taken as the example and this research proposed the design for the three factors: the design of interaction method should not be too complicated and there should not be great difference in the correlation between interaction method and the content of works. During the design of interaction process of works, the users’ freedom should not be restricted to make users have more choices. If the appropriate feedback is provided, the works will become more interesting; both the interaction method and interaction process affect users’ understanding of works. As long as the works are designed perfectly, users can easily understand the interaction purpose.
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Tseng, Chihyuan, and 曾治羱. "The Combination and Deconstruction of Life and Death: The Research on Ink-mixed media Creation." Thesis, 2013. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/w9msx4.
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碩士國立屏東教育大學
視覺藝術學系碩士班
101
The difference of the meaning of life depends on religion, culture, values and personal experience. About death, there are varies opinions among people, but it is lack of persuasion for humankind to define death. The research probing into the life meaning and attitude by mainstream thinkers of oriental culture, for example, Confucius, Zhuanzi and ancient Chinese poet, also explore the concept of death by the ideology of ancient Egyptian mythology, Christianity, Buddhism and Islam. The issue of life and death is extensive, yet there is a notion that explain the phenomenon of life and death from combination and deconstruction. It is bound to go through countless elements of people, events and substances in the process of life, while these are the keys of being a human. People would make a choice when they were experiencing several incidents. Besides, the status of human is not fixed when it keeps absorbing necessity and excluding the useless, and would have numberless possibilities in the future as well. Combination and deconstruction is not only for research the process of human but also reinterpret the meaning of life and death. The artworks appearing different patterns of life and death by combining ink-mixed media, using the performance of arrangement, contradistinction and combination, and observing individual and group life phenomena. It is hard to define the meaning of life and death.Therefore, the research is based on the discussion of theories. Moreover, the ink-mixed artworks represent the feature of life which is illusional and elusive. The artworks also interpret the diversity of life. Keyword : life, death, ink, mixed media
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Lin, Yuan-cheng, and 林勇成. "A Study of Applying Cognitive Load Theory and Eye-tracking Technology to Multi-media Combination Modules." Thesis, 2013. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/40133283786419742517.
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博士國立高雄師範大學
科學教育研究所
101
The purpose of this study was to investigate the influences on learning achievement and learning time-spent under distinct multimedia combinations and learner-control modes via Cognitive Load Theory and eye-tracking technology. The researched subjects in this study were six classes of fifth graders (n＝192). Three units, “Air and Combustion”, “Heat Effects toward Substances”, and “Healthy Diet”, from the Science Education Website set by the Ministry of Education (Tainan) were chosen to assist students’ learning. Additionally, eye-tracking technology was employed to collect the eye movements of the subjects while they were surfing the website offering teaching resources, interesting experiments, inquiry experiments, virtual animations, multi-assessments, and supplementary materials. Four major findings were: (a) For learning achievement, learner-control modes were significantly influential, and active-control mode was explicitly superior to passive-control mode. (b) Multimedia combination forms were as well of apparent influences on learning effects, from which we spied that the “animation + narration” group performed evidently better than the “animation + subtitles” group. Namely, even when the animated subject matters were in small segments under the Segmentation Principle, multimedia combination forms still brought affections to learning achievement, meaning that the modality effect was there all the time. (c) The “animation + narration” group clearly spent less time than the “animation + subtitles” group and the “animation + subtitles + narration” group. (d) The eye movement data supplemented the evidences gained to identify the results from this study. It further confirmed that inappropriate multimedia combination forms would deliver extra cognitive load to learners, which would interfere with their learning. More functions and information inputs don’t promise better learning effects. Therefore, multimedia materials should be properly designed to match with learners’ cognitive load, so that the learning effect can be promoted and unnecessary time-spent can be avoided as well. Unnecessary functions and information do not guarantee better learning achievements.
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Juntunen, M., Elvira Ismagilova, and E. L. Oikarinen. "B2B brands on Twitter: Engaging users with a varying combination of social media content objectives, strategies, and tactics." 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10454/17022.
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YesThe objective of this research is to increase understanding about B2B company-led user engagement on social media content. Building on hierarchy-of-effects (HoE) theory, we explore how the world’s leading B2B companies use content objectives (why), strategies (how), and tactics (what) on Twitter. We first integrate B2B advertising and social media research on companies’ content objectives, strategies, and tactics. Then, using qualitative analyses, we examine the existence of objectives, strategies, and tactics in the most engaging tweets (N=365) of the worlds’ ten leading B2B brands, covering five industries, in 2017. Finally, we quantitatively examine how the use of diverse objectives and strategies differs between the most engaging tweets (N=318) and least engaging tweets (N=229) of the companies in 2018. The companies use objectives, strategies and tactics that relate to creating awareness, knowledge and trust, interest, and liking in the majority of their most and least engaging tweets, and express preference, conviction and purchase aspects much less. Differences exist in general, industry-wise, and company-wise. The study is a rare attempt to integrate the extant B2B advertising and social media research, and compare the most and least engaging B2B social media content.
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Huang, Lin Chih, and 林智煌. "The Effects of the Combination of Traditional and Media Teaching Method on Elementary Students’ Learning of Shuttle-cock Kicking." Thesis, 2005. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/93932568581856188359.
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碩士國立臺灣師範大學
體育學系在職進修碩士班
94
The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of the teaching method that combines traditional and media teaching on shuttle-cock kicking of three different elementary groups on their understanding of the shuttle-cock kicking, performance in motor skills, and learning satisfaction. Therefore, the most suitable shuttle-cock kicking teaching grade could be identified, and to promote shuttle-cock kicking, a long-history traditional folk sport. The participants were 139 elementary students (55 4th graders, 45 5th graders, and 39 6th graders) who had no prior experience in shuttle-cock kicking. During the experimental period, all participants received eight 40-minute shuttle-cock kicking lessons as well as pretests and posttests on their knowledge and motor skills. The test results were analyzed by one-way ANOVA, ANOCVA and paired-samples t-test to investigate differences between and within the groups. A semi-structured interview was used to investigate the students’ learning satisfaction after the experiment. The findings were: (1) There was no significant difference between groups on the achievement on students’ knowledge of shuttle-cock kicking. (2) There was significant difference between groups on the achievement on students’ motor skills of shuttle-cock kicking. 6th graders were significantly better than 5th graders and 4th graders. (3) The teaching method that combines traditional and media teaching on shuttle-cock kicking teaching gained approval of students and motivated them to continue to participate in shuttle-cock kicking. (4) The teaching method that combines traditional and media teaching on Shuttle-cock kicking teaching was effective for students’ learning of shuttle-cock kicking knowledge and motor skills. (5) The teaching method that combines traditional and media teaching was more favorable for students than traditional teacher-oriented teaching method in physical education. (6) The more suitable shuttle-cock kicking teaching grades were grade four and grade six. The findings of this study suggested that shuttle-cock kicking should be taught on grade four and grade six. In addition, more shuttle-cock kicking teachers should be trained to promote such a good sport. Key words: the combination of traditional and media teaching method, shuttle-cock kicking knowledge, shuttle-cock kicking motor skills
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Yang, Wei-Yeh, and 楊偉業. "Combination of Ultrasonic Nakagami Image and Fundamental-to-Harmonic Energy for Characterizing Scatterers and Media in a Biological Tissue." Thesis, 2010. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/21232525027280770897.
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碩士臺灣大學
應用力學研究所
98
Ultrasound image is widely used for medical and research purposes due to many properties such as a real-time capabilities, non-invasive and low cost. But conventional B-mode image is not enough to describe the environment within the tissue , it is necessary to use some parameters to characterize when the tissue changes. This paper focuses on using Nakagami parameter and fundamental to harmonic energy ration to characterize when the scatterers and media change in tissue. In the rat liver fibrosis experimental, the results show that there is a positive correlation between Nakagami parameter and dosage in the early stage of liver fibrosis when biopsy score is 0. Additionally, as can be seen from the rat fatty liver experiment, not only does the nonlinearity degree of the fatty liver tissue change, but its Nakagami parameter also increases with increase in dosage. According to previous studies is known that liver fibrosis is the scatterers increases in the tissue, and the degree of fibrosis can indeed be determined by using Nakagami parameter. Fatty liver is due to the fact that the degree of nonlinearity of the tissue media increases. However, using Nakagami parameter to determine this increase is not fully developed. Animals experiments also showed that the Nakagami parameter can not distinguish when scatterers and media change in tissue. Therefore, we develop a complementary method with the Nakagami image, which is fundamental to harmonic energy ratio h/f, to distinguish the difference clearer. In the phantom experiment, we change the amount of scatterers and fat content to experiment. We use the ultrasound backscattered signals to get the spectra after using fast Fourier transform(FFT) without and with empirical mode decomposition (EMD), and calculate the fundamental to harmonic energy ratio form the spectra. We found that h/f declines with increase of scatterers in the phantom, and h/f rise with increase of fat content in the phantom. These results exactly make up the shortage of Nakagami parameter. Moreover, in the future, if the animal tests show positive results, this method is expected to be used in clinic.
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Belling, Kym. "The relative effectiveness of the combination of spinal manipulation and Homoeopathic Simillimum in the treatment of chronic mechanical neck pain." Thesis, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10321/2569.
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Submitted in partial compliance with the requirements for the Master’s degree in technology in Technology: Homoeopathy, Durban University of Technology, Durban, South Africa, 2017.Background: According to Picavet and Schouten (2003) the incidence of neck pain is increasing at a greater rate than other spine problems (Hoving et al. 2004). Furthermore, chronic neck pain is a substantial burden to society with chronic neck pain being the fourth leading cause of disability worldwide (Hoy et al. 2014). Chronic mechanical neck pain (CMNP) has been defined as localised, asymmetrical neck pain with restricted range of motion and dysfunctional musculature (Grieve, 1988). Treatments for those suffering with chronic pain, which are non-surgical, appear to be the most beneficial for patients according to Haldeman et al. (2008). Giles and Müller (1999) have stated that spinal manipulation is the most effective method of treating spinal pain on its own. However, the literature suggests that there is benefit in combining manipulation with an “anti-inflammatory type” drug (Crawford 1988; Oberbaum 1998; Serrentino 2003). Many studies have been successfully conducted on Homoeopathic complexes to treat neck pain (Fisher 1986; Bohmer and Ambrus 1992; Hepburn 2000; Soeken 2004) however no study has yet to been carried out on the combination of Homoeopathic Simillimum (single remedy) and spinal manipulation for CMNP. Objective: The aim of this study was to determine if spinal manipulation and Homoeopathic Simillimum in combination are more relatively effective than spinal manipulation alone in the treatment of chronic mechanical neck pain. Methodology: This study was a randomised, blinded placebo controlled quantitative trial with a comparative clinical trial design. Thirty consenting participants with CMNP who met the inclusion criteria were randomly distributed between two treatment groups. Group A received spinal manipulation as well as Homoeopathic Simillimum and group B received spinal manipulation with placebo medication. Each participant received three treatments over a period of a week; with subjective and objective readings taken at every consultation. The subjective tools included the Numerical Pain Rating Scale and Canadian Memorial College of Chiropractic Neck Disability Index. Objective tools included the Algometer and CROM-II Goniometer. All data captured was analysed using SPSS version 24.0. Inferential and non-parametric analysis of the data were also be performed. Results: The results showed that no statistically significant differences were observed between the two groups in terms of subjective and objective measurements. However, there were statistically significant improvements seen in both groups equally in terms of ANOVA subjective and objective measurements i.e. both groups showed improvement. Conclusion: The results of this study concluded that no statistical or clinically significant changes were noticed between the groups and therefore the Homoeopathic Simillimum added no statistical significant improvements in those who received it over those participants who received placebo in the treatment of chronic mechanical neck pain.
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Cheng, Xiangdong. "Effect of matrine and its combination with ionizing radiation on malignant hepatoma cells and primary human hepatocytes in vitro /." 2006. http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&doc_number=015488979&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA.
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Zambrzycka, Izabella Lidia. "Effect of STI-571 in combination with 9-cis retinoic acid and g-irradiation [gamma-irradiation] on neuroblastoma cells in vitro /." 2006. http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&doc_number=014935905&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA.
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