Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Médecine – Aspect social – France'
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Trouillet, Hélène. "Les usages sociaux de l'alcoologie : sociologie d'une pratique médicale." Amiens, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007AMIE0012.
Full textThis research concerns the possibility’s conditions of a medical practice: the alcohol science. The monograph of a hospital institution of alcohol science, based on an empirical and qualitative inquiry brings to light four conditions: the constitution of an institution, with specific practices, and the production of a knowledge in alcohol science by self-proclaimed professionals "alcoologues". It is thus necessary as preexists before the alcohol science a supervision’s place of an alcoholic population, where constitutes an autonomous professional knowledge transmitted in the school’s form to the alcoholic individual, who learns to become sick alcoholic. This knowledge and its learning are inextricably linked to the institutional practices. These practices, which tend to homogenize, rest then on a production scholarly spread within a heterogeneous scholarly space, in which the professionals participate to be recognized as specialists
Pirson, Chloé. "Les cires anatomiques (1699-1998) entre art et médecine: étude contextuelle de la collection céroplastique du musée de la médecine d'Erasme." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/210884.
Full textSur base d'une étude de la collection des cires anatomiques du musée de la médecine d'Erasme, ma thèse de doctorat vise à l'étude contextuelle de la production de cires anatomiques depuis la fin du 18e siècle jusqu'au 20e siècle. Nous avons montré comment ses objets didactiques, produits par des moyens sculpturaux, ont été perçu à travers leurs usages successifs depuis l'enseignement médicale jusqu'à la prévention sociale des maladies d'époque, au sein des musées anatomiques forains.
Doctorat en philosophie et lettres, Orientation histoire de l'art et archéologie
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
Jaisson, Marie. "Les Lieux de l'art : études sur la structure sociale du milieu médical dans une ville universitaire de province [Dijon]." Paris, EHESS, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995EHES0002.
Full textThe aim of the study is the analysis of the concrete conditions exercise of the medical practices in a french provincial town equiped with a medical school. The logic and the sociology of these practices have to be understood under a structural hypothesis which presupposes the permanency and the long term transformation of social structures immediatly perceived by social agents so that cursuses and individual choices can be explained. Such an hypothesis has not been developped so far in medical sociology. Conclusions (1) a property of such a structure is its high level of local autonomy (2) the medical specialities can be characterized too by a specific autonomy but not local the noddles of the structure are the hospitals specialized in the training of medical students (centres hospitalouniversitaires) where various conversions of the capitals associated with each autonomy are possible. Therefore some elements proper to the logic of the social division of medical labor by gender are shown as some effects of social origins among the medical students. The sources are the productions of french administrations and research organization about medicine and set of interviews
Maggioni, Cristina. "La représentation sociale du corps chez les femmes stériles médiatisée par la médecine." Paris, EPHE, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986EPHEA004.
Full textBasse, Patrick. "Projet d'établissement, cadre de santé et communications de travail à l'hôpital : de l'écriture des projets d'établissement aux modifications identitaires des cadres de santé." Lille 3, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003LIL30041.
Full textFressoz, Jean-Baptiste. "« La fin du monde par la science » : innovations, risques, régulations, de l'inoculation à la machine à vapeur, 1750-1850." Paris, EHESS, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009EHES0094.
Full textThe purpose of this dissertation is to pave the way for a history of risk societies across two centuries. It is an historical inquiry into the ways technological action was questioned and regulated. Three fields are studied: The emergence of risk for thinking upon smallpox inoculation and its failure to create a disinhibited subject, ready to risk his life so as to save it. On the contrary, the rapid success of cowpox vaccine allows us to study the technologies of proof which assured the efficacy of the imperial biopolitics of the 1800s. The power apparatuses (botany, hygiene, new legal regulations) which permitted the development of industrialisation despite the environmental etiologies posited by neo-Hippocratic theories and the general outcry of city dwellers. The emergence and role of safety norms for closing technological controversies, legalizing uncertainty and producing a responsible individual compatible with the liberal society of the 1820s. Ln contradistinction to the risk society and post modernity theses, I show that the technoscientific revolution of the 1800s was not accomplished in a fog of careless modernism. Past societies did not choose to ally with high pressure steam or viruses without considering, with alarm, the far-reaching consequences of their decisions; nor did they alter their environments inadvertently. Confidence was not natural: disinhibiting ignorance (and/or knowledge) had to be produced on every strategic and disputed point of technological modernity. The discourse of progress which magnified the greatness of the goals exorcised the immensity of the fears
El, Boujjoufi Taïeb. "L''investissement médical en éducation physique : étude des conditions sociales de formation d'une position collective (1880-1950)." Paris 10, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA100138.
Full textThe medical investment in physical education between 1880 and 1950 was the result of particular social conjecture favourising the establishment of a collective position. This process of “medicalisation” was a force which invested physical education in multiple ways, in an irreversible, anonymous process, a regular and insiduous annexations. It was as if this process of medicalisation was taking place in a social vacuum. This explains the basic analytical approach adopted : to examine the evolution from an underlying “medico-pedagogical and sporting” interest (still linked to an emerging reforming system) to a specialised interest group. The analysis follows the progress of this developing interest as it forms and re-forms and traces the new lines of divison established between the various actors working in the domain of the manipulation of the human body
Roger, Anne. "L'entraînement en athlétisme en France (1919-1973) : une histoire de théoriciens ?" Lyon 1, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003LYO10224.
Full textSallé, Loïc. "Le gouvernement du dopage en France : entre pouvoirs publics, acteurs sportifs et médecins : la production de la loi de 1999 comme illustration." Rouen, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004ROUEL471.
Full textThis doctoral thesis suggests that the organization of controls for performance-enhancing drugs should be studied as the result of historical interactions involving sportsmen and women, representatives of public authority and doctors. More precisely, in respect of different policy paradigm, performance-enhancing drugs and their controls should be grasped as the result of confrontation between several representations, standards systems and various actions. From this perspective, the main story behind the 1998 Tour de France concerns a reconfiguring of the system for controlling the use of such drugs. In fact, the doctors who now dominate professional practice and the cognitive frameworks governing the treatment of this question have taken over from the representatives of sporting organisations who previously held power in this issue area. Indeed, the legislative process which subsequently took place in 1999 around the issue of protecting the health of athletes and the ban on use of drugs in sport illustrates the emergence of this new configuration. It even marks the beginning of a new era of regulation strongly influenced by a health and medical approach to drugs in sport
Faure, Olivier. "La médicalisation de la société dans la région lyonnaise au XIXe siècle : 1800-1914." Lyon 2, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989LYO20010.
Full textThe rising use of medical services during the 19th century cannot be only explained by physicians and authorities work. It comes also from a strong social demand in this field. Having cure and remedy better than care and prevention, this social demand draw health care system into a commercial and consummation logic. This logic is made stronger by the curious association between reinforcement of medical liberal practice and development of welfare politics
Guinard, Yves. "Les fonctions sociales des troubles du comportement ou la gestion médicale des désordres sociaux." Thesis, Tours, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011TOUR2021.
Full textBehaviour disorders of children and adolescents, classified among mental disorders justify the exclusion of pupils from schools to place them in institutions for disabled persons. By interfacing the study of the experience of young people and their parents, the history of that category and the part played in it by different actors, this research aims at understanding the world of behaviour problems and their functions. Behaviour disorders are more than a medical category, they are the the results of a social construction, they serve as a means to exclude and socially define children from the underprivileged classes. Following what happens in schools, they favour the shift of responsibility for underperforming from schools to families. The medical world plays a major part in this normative universe. It provides a would be scientific guarantee for the exclusion of the economically and culturally poorest section of the school population and for the more drastic security measures as well. The prevention of delinquency lies in controlling underperforming children from a very early age and socially deprived families. This implication of the medical world in the control of social disorders is a development of its missions as Foucault described it. In spite of inner conflicts, the world of mental medicine today wants to appear as experts in the prevention of deliquency through managing underperforming in schools and offering an early diagnosis of problems it fails to define
Le, Breton-Lerouvillois Gwénaëlle. "L'offre de soins en Basse-Normandie : approche de la proximité et de l’accessibilité : essai de géographie sociale de la santé." Caen, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006CAEN1459.
Full textMarchand, Claire. "Le médecin et l'alimentation : Principes de nutrition et recommandations alimentaires en France (1887-1940)." Thesis, Tours, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014TOUR2007/document.
Full textThe history of medicine and the evolution of the hygienist doctrine are traditional historiography topics. However, only a few researches explicitly focused on the medicals roles in the emergence of new eating behaviors. Based on the prosopography method, our work focuses on the evolutions of nutritionals discourses, the prophylactic actions and vulgarization initiatives taken by a medical group concerning elaboration of food recommendations. By studying the eating act in itself as well as the diet, food hygiene, and the learning of good eating habits, these physicians are considered a pioneer group in food hygiene. They introduced the theoretical knowledge and dietetics practices developed in France in the late 19th century. Social reformism was the key point of their thoughts. If the physician figure is the heart of this research, the individual careers comparison gives us a more global idea on the particular place of food in the medical practice
Bonneau, Lila. "De l'origine aux devenirs de l'architecture thérapeutique du XXème siècle et de ses milieux : l'hôpital Beaujon à Clichy (1935-2021)." Thesis, Université Paris Cité, 2021. https://wo.app.u-paris.fr/cgi-bin/WebObjects/TheseWeb.woa/wa/show?t=3576&f=34155.
Full textThis monographic building research focuses on the Beaujon Hospital in Clichy, inaugurated in 1935 (Urbain Cassan and Louis Plousey, architects, and Jean Walter, architect-construction company manager). The first high-rise hospital in Europe, this "Healing Machine" is striking in its balance between the international influences of Americanism and the rationalism of French building culture. This hospital also reflects the hygienist, functionalist and Art Deco aesthetic approaches of the inter-war period. It also draws its strength from the designers' desire to build a space conducive to well-being and healing. Considered obsolete in the face of medical developments and increasing technical-regulatory restrictions, the Beaujon Hospital is expected to change its original use, although it has undergone increasingly rapid adaptations, particularly at the time of the 2020-2021 health crisis. Through an understanding of the history and memory of the site, from its genesis and anamnesis, to its current state, this thesis seeks to highlight the material and immaterial values that make up the "Beaujon Spirit". As the first study to cover the space-time arc of this building and its surroundings, a symbol and an icon of 20th century hospital architecture, this research attempts to open up future perspectives, based on an analysis of the potential for transformation of an exceptional work and site
Bili, Anne-Briac. "La place de la télémédecine à domicile dans lʼorganisation du système de santé en France." Phd thesis, Université Rennes 2, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00663358.
Full textMarchetti, Dominique. "Contribution à une sociologie des transformations du champ journalistique dans les années 80 et 90 : à propos d'"événements sida" et du "scandale du sang contaminé"." Phd thesis, Paris, EHESS, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997EHES0098.
Full textThrough an examination of several events dealing with Aids in the 1980's and 1990's, the author analyses major transformations which have affected the field of national media during this period. The fact that so much media coverage has been given to Aids shows that events concerning activities within a field as autonomous as that of medecine have a tendency today to become events just like any other. In the first part, the author shows that the weight of journalistic (and indeed economic and political) consideration is growing in both the selection and the construction of events in the medical domain. These swing between, on the one hand, the regime of " obligatory events " (scientific announcements) and, on the other, the new regime of the " unexpected events " (scandals or polemics). After demonstrating the slow emergence of media attention to the French " infected blood scandal " cannot be attributed only to the work of a handful of journalists or to the caracteristics of the affair, the author explains in a second part that the specific importance of this affair can be explained by changes in the journalistic field. The " infected blood scandal " enables one to understand the general structure of the field of journalism, which has come to be increasingly dominated by commercial imperatives, as exemplified by the growing role of television in the prioritisation and treatment of events. At a second level, the study of the journalists who covered this affair, analysed, through the changes in recruitment on the one hand and the division of labour in journalism on the other, reveals the effects of professionnal hierarchies on the way the scandal was treated by the press. The form taken by this affair derives substantially from the way in which medical information is treated. Medical information has lost its relatively exceptional status, which is less and less medicalised and more and more competitive. This study shows also that journalistic activity is today less subject to the logic of politics than it is to that of two other logics : those of journalistic value -as recognized by journalists- and of the market, which become ever closer. The third part shows the growing effect that the journalistic field has on the ordinary working of other relatively autonomous social worlds such as the judicical sphere, when it imposes for example a form of " popular justice "
Poïvet, Dominique. "Figures de la médecine générale en France, les sites d'une pragmatique." Paris 7, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993PA070027.
Full textAn analysis of general practitionners own accounts procide an insight into the motive underlying general medical care. Psychoanalysis could help interpret these motive and help explain the nature of its own pratice
Le, Hénaff Yannick. "L’entreprise morale en chirurgie esthétique : un mandat aux marges de la médecine." Rennes 2, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010REN20065.
Full textThis research analyzes, in an Interactionnist view, the building of a social Outsider world, aesthetic surgery. We study the abilities of this group to be some moral entrepreneurs. With the historic view, the progressive institutionalization of the plastic surgery‟s world shows the aesthetic surgery stigmatization. The segmentation of this professional group appears evidently, with different identities constructions, which all claims the status of authentic physician and real therapeutic cure. This claim shows an intense facework of their professional presentation. The cure is defined in a “psychosurgical” approach, which urge in a deciphering work during the diagnostic. But, the non-existence of medical nosologies, associate with the difficulties to catch the social and psychic surroundings of the request encourages in fact to an aesthetic normalization, supported by a social categorization work which discredit and sometimes exclude the masculine request
Halgand, Nathalie. "Ethno-sociologie des clubs automobiles de prestige en France." Nantes, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003NANT3032.
Full textFar beyond the appearances, the motor-car clubs of prestige in France are cultural spaces open to an heterogeneous public of fans, who come to share the same passion for an identical model. The participants, members or only followers, gather around cars that have marked the social history. The mythical character of those modern tribes is preciously maintained by the ritual habit of organizing runs out. The clubmen keep this non-material patrimony by means of huge gatherings during which they bring back the events that promoted the motor-car up to the rank of an Object of prestige, a sacralised Object. The club is the motor-car memorial; it is, altogether, the space for practicing dynamics and passionate bursts. The memory of events linked to motor-cars and childhood, witch we define as the custom "ethos" of nostalgy, feed their passion, also shared by women, the third millenium drivers. The relationship to the Object is an intimate one. The purpose of the clubs is to transmit a car culture, and also to preserve this industrial patrimony by means of a custom which consists in motoring
Abdmouleh, Ridha. "Conduites face aux maladies et aux médecines en Tunisie." Paris, EHESS, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990EHES0312.
Full textPhiloux, Rolande. "La communication de proximité, substrat de l'artisanat contemporain." Paris 4, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA040153.
Full textIn view of the apparent effacement of the handicraft economic part, the perennial substratum of its sociocultural function, that is to say the proximity communication, defines its new vocation. Consequently, regarding the handicraft sector, there is future only in the relational service brought to the national organisation. Because, as the evolution of the contemporary society is accompanied by an environmental emptiness the handicraft is able to fill up, it is this need of proximity communication the handicraft sector should satisfy. As a matter of fact, the extra satisfaction thus offered to the public makes the real added value of the handicraft, the one which creates for the market the real value of the handicraft sector
Pellissier-Fall, Anne. "Médecine, médicalisation et anticipation de la maladie." Caen, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003CAEN1389.
Full textSilva, David Alves da. "Le supérieur, l'inférieur et l'égal : sociologie d'un centre social associatif." Paris 10, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA100075.
Full textThis doctoral thesis is based partly on the critical study of the usual approaches, in social sciences, to the hierarchical relations and to relations between equals, and partly on the results of observational fieldwork, carried out in an association-based social centre located in Île-de-France. It consists firstly of the compared analysis of the relationship between inferior and superior and of the relationship between equals. Furthermore, it aims to prove that it is heuristically fruitful to distinguish two modalities of the hierarchical relationship, according to whether the inferior obeys voluntarily (authority) or under constraint (domination), and two modalities of the relationship between equals, according to whether the equals succeed in acting together (power), or do not succeed (absence of power)
Louizi, Khalid. "Analyse économique de l'entrepreneuriat social." Littoral, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000DUNK0033.
Full textProchasson, François. "Les territoires de la rue : enjeux sur l'espace public." Nantes, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000NANT3037.
Full textThe public space is at once a network, a transport supply, an area of communication and relationships. It implements stakes of well-being socialization, mobility and road safety, and is deeply linked to the urban and social mutations. The thesis starts from the street, line of traffic, deals with its links to the local area, its place in the network, and its disorders. The main question is town-planning and the use of the public space. So the approach ends with methodological proposals, handling about the diagnostic and its representations, about the town-planning responses and the open decision-making methods. The system approach supplies a radical mutation of method: the diagnostic is a transverse action, the field of the solutions is also wider and integrates the complexity of the urban environment. . This approach stresses on the analysis of the interactions with the components of the system. The tested interactions here examines the interfaces between daily mobility, urban morphology and the road network. The thesis establishes that the transport habitual practices on the public space and the concentration of personal injury accidents are also linked to the morphometric characteristics of the network, and the morphological characteristics of the city and the local area. The used indicators are densities, typologies of tracks, land use. For the most part, they are analyzed according to different scales of time and space. Result of this complexity and the social degree of largeness of the system, the participating reasoning is essential to choose and more involve the citizen user into the future administration of the city. One of the outcomes of the actions on the public space is the appropriation again by its close residents or users in the concern about the social ties. The town-planning act and the connected transport politics must involve taking care of the integration of the minorities and the exclusions
Verger, Christian. "Les aspects éducatifs de la prévention en santé, au travail : du passé au présent : de la France à l'Europe." Rennes 2, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993REN20009.
Full textCarpentier-Bogaert, Catherine. "Le culte des saints guérisseurs en Flandre : Lieux, pratiques et acteurs d'une forme traditionnelle de religiosité." Lille 1, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994LIL12004.
Full textThe aim of this thesis is at one and the same time to study the evolution of the healer saint worship in flanders and try to show his specific form. In this point of view, we examine the pertinence of the idea of "folk-religion" ; we study the religious history of flanders too. We try to demonstrate the specificity of this area by studying the places, the religious observances and the actors : specific localization of sacred places, particular rites, characteristics of the saints, categories of actors (the priests and the pilgrims) and their relations
Meyer, Vincent. "Interventions sociales et médias : entre professionnalisation et déprofessionalisation." Metz, 1998. http://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/public/UPV-M/Theses/1998/Meyer.Vincent.LMZ9808_1.pdf.
Full textThe nineties more than the previous decades have raised a number of issues about the validity of social interventions as well as the professional ability of the common socials contributors. The latter are nowadays directly implicated or even challenged and considered less and less capable of handling social issues on their own. Presently, they are challenged by different kinds of other professional or voluntary workers who may as well feel concerned hy the social actualities. Thus, it appears that in this new context characterizing the definition of social issues and essential solidarity, the roles and functions belonging to the field of information, communication and promotion through the media, seem to play a part that becomes more and more important. They do not really give more means designed to insert, or look after the disabled or people suffering from maladjustment or any other form of exclusion. However, other means and especially another visibility in the public field will influence the existence and working conditions of several professional groups. The main objective of our research work is to describe the various mechanisms through which social intervention collects, from the medias, the items that will be involved in its construction or reconstruction. We also want to show how these medias take advantage of such elements in order to achieve their own construction. This means studying : first, what can nowadays be promoted by the medias in terms of common social interventions (me social mediatical work), and secondly, the part of social action which can be attributed to the medias and specially television (the social work of the medias). A better understanding of the co-constructions prompted or carried out by the interdependent and joint action of these two professional activities, leads us to observe and analyse the changes in the arrangement and layout, within the public domain, of the respective professional situations and identities but also in the cast and understanding of the role of both types of contributors. The transformations which are in progress in each one of the previous fields already appear to be as many elements of a same global procedure of professionalisation, and seen another way, what we call deprofessionalisation, and this therefore contributes to setting out a new production in the field of social reality
Mazureau-Pajot, Laurence. "Analyse économique de l'isolement." Nantes, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002NANT4006.
Full textThe isolation of people comprises both deeply demographic and long term changes, the economic and social significance of which has only been perceived for one decade. This phenomenon is not a specific French problem because most of the developed countries are experiencing the same developments, albeit with différences according to age groups. The objective of this work is threefold. First of all, we airn to redefine the contexts surrounding the situations involving isolation by taking into account the dynamics of contemporary social changes. Secondly, we will endeavor to présent the éléments of microeconomic theory likely to describe this phenomenon. Finally, we will attempt to provide an empirical explanation and to interpret the population growth of isolated people
Levif, Marc-Olivier. "L'environnement réglementaire et concurrentiel du marché des antibiotiques en médecine de ville en France et ses opportunités stratégiques." Paris 5, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA05P090.
Full textGibout, Christophe. "Villes et festivals : approche comparée des festivals urbains en Grande-Bretagne et en France." Tours, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997TOUR2013.
Full textWest-european countries are caracterise, since 1970's, by an incredible revitalization of public celebrations. Among them arts festivals are some of the most representative. Also, we decide to analyse these festivals into a comparison betwenn Great-Britain and France. Beside a great bibliographical research in both countries, we base our presentation on 270 arts festivals in 110 cities. The work can be divide in 7 parts. After a large introduction (definitions, history, technics, problems. . . ), the first chapter is concern by the "festivals times" and the way they take part to a new social temporality. The second chapter looks for the programmation and differences between the two countries. The third chapter describe the social fonctions of such events and prove the evolution from traditionnal festival to leisure. The fourth chapter show the relationships with local authorities, and specially the improvment of a instrumental vision. The fifth chapter describe the relationships with the audiences, the indigenes and the artists and put in evidence their heterogeneity and their instability. Finally, the conclusion propose the emergence of a new festive phenomenon, which is symbol of both the globalization and the social resistance to this globalization. Furthermore arts festivals are caracteristical of the re-definition of modern urban life in western Europe, taking part to the definition of the future for cities and western society
Godet-Montalescot, Sophie. "Handicap et éducation : analyse sociologique de l'activité des Commissions départementales d'éducation spéciale." Paris 5, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993PA05H061.
Full textSimmat-Durand, Laurence. "Orientation et sélection des affaires pénales : une approche quantitative de l'action du Parquet." Paris 1, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA010524.
Full textThe study of the public prosecutor's office practices allows a reflexion on the role and the present reasons for dismissals. The application of the expendiency principle is reduced to its real value, according to the weight of external conditions, mainly the processing depending on the origin of the case. The determinants for the decision will be examined according to four main directions: the type of offenses, the regularization, the gravity of the affair, some socio-demographic caracteristics of offenders and victims. This study examined a representative sample of all entries in a public prosecutor's office of paris area. 1,300 affairs have been examined of which 83% were dismissals. The court district studied reached a 56% of decisions operated without the case being examined by a magistrate: they are purely routine action (essentially unelucidated tehfts) and the prosecution was not feasible in fact
Goffette, Céline. "Le contexte social du tabagisme : le rôle de l'environnement familial et professionnel." Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012IEPP0028.
Full textThis thesis aims at sudying smoking practices in their social context. Two environnments are studied : family context and work context
Vargas, Eva. "Étude comparative de trois pratiques corporelles : l'aérobic, le surf des neiges, et le tennis : comparaison interculturelle entre pratiquants de Paris et de Barcelone." Paris 5, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA05H041.
Full textThe analysis of the internal logic of three different "game-exercises" - aerobics, snowboarding and tennis - practiced in two different cities, Paris and Barcelona, shows significant cultural differences in the way people see and do things, and how much they get involved in these sports which can nearly be seen as games. Moreover, the analysis of the sociocultural context in which these exercises are taking place is a good way of identifing underlying social values and the socials representations compared to their "praxeologic" commitment. What is inciting them at getting so deeply involved in this type of "game-exercises" ? And is it for the same reasons that they decide to keep on doing them ? The approach we have used for this research is the following : starting with the qualitative part based on interviews and direct observations. Then, we have made a quantitative study based on a questionnaire, from which we have made a statistic analysis of the results. We have directly targeted people who practice one of these sports, in both Paris and Barcelona
Laboile, Xavier. "Aspects juridiques et éthiques du recueil des données médicales aux fins d'analyses épidémiologiques." Bordeaux 4, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000BOR40001.
Full textUhalde, Marc. "Crise sociale et transformation des entreprises." Paris 9, 2004. https://portail.bu.dauphine.fr/fileviewer/index.php?doc=2004PAO90066.
Full textThe research in "Social Crisis and Enterprise Transformation" focuses on organizational crisis that arises when companies modernize their internal management mechanisms. Built around four specific case studies, this research indicates that this "organizational crisis" can become endemic and long-term as individuals struggle to maintain their organizational identity throughout the change process. In addition, "Social Crisis and Enterprise Transformation" shows that the degree of an "organizational crisis" has a direct relation to current company work mechanisms, particular styles of Change Management, and an organization's unique tradition and culture
Gomez, Herrera José Trinidad. "L'habitabilité du logement social dans la région parisienne." Paris 5, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA05H054.
Full textThe present work focuses on the assessment of activities, leisure and level of satisfaction concerning housing habitability and residential surroundings considering links between some psychological significations (emotional and symbolic) with family, social and ethnical factors that are potentially involved in the use and evaluation of domestic spaces and in the exploration of the neighbourhood. The studied population is multiethnic and multicultural. The idea collection was done by questionnaires and semi-structural interviews with 297 participants living in 103 social housing apartments in the Parisian neighbourhood. The families were interviewed at their home. Results indicate that, globally, are satisfied with the hability and the comfort of their dwelling and with the services available in their neighboorhood. This satisfaction level is significantly linked to specific socio-demographic characteristics of the studied population and their residential history. The frequency and the content of domestic activities and leisure inside the dwellong are determined by gender, cultural identity and position in the individual and familial life cycle
Pachot, Christine. "Le cinéma des années 30 et la culture télévisuelle à l'ère de l'An 2000 : de l'efficience culturelle de la télévision : Fiction ou réalité ?" Université Pierre Mendès France (Grenoble ; 1990-2015), 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997GRE29014.
Full textCinema action doesn't exist but through the public's eyes. The cinema is in constant and close contact with television nowadays. Both partners and opponents, they only find common ground when the television broadcasting substitutes for cinema showing so that the film endures. It's definitely because television regularly shows works from the "poetic realistic movement" if this cinema movement of the thrities remains fresh in our minds. The latter is still widely appreciated and it's only through television that it finds most of its audience. Television takes over from the cinema and thus gives a new life to films which had disappeared from the screen. By passing this patrimony on to its public, television becomes object of culture. Will it aim at this target much longer or will it change course for the sake of business?
Orivel, Estelle. "Légitimité de l'intervention de l'Etat dans le domaine des arts : Rationalité des acteurs et optimum social." Dijon, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997DIJOE011.
Full textThe legitimacy of state intervention must be analysed through its capacity to bring the point of market equilibrium nearer from that of social optimum. The first ambition of this thesis is to focus on the dependency of the analysis on 1) rationality hypotheses concerning economic and political agents'behavior and 2) value judgements hidden behind criteria of social optimum. While rationality hypotheses of economic agents lead to the determination of market equilibrium, that is to the point reached concerning the consumption and production of arts, criteria of social optimum define the point to be reached. The gap between the two constitutes the failure of the market. The existence of market failures does not suffice however to demonstrate the legitimacy of state intervention. Indeed, the functionning of the state can, it too, be the subject of other kinds of failures. One must thus analyse, rather than the ideal functionning of the state, its actual functionning, whose characterisation depends, just like that of the market, on rationality hypotheses concerning the behavior of political agents. Finally, apart from the focus placed on the dependence of the analysis on rationality hypotheses and criteria of social optimum, a second original innovation consists in the implementation of a survey on a random sample of 987 french individuals. Its objectives are of two kinds: first of all, test some of the hypotheses concerning the characterisation of works of arts; second of all, establish the excess or insufficiency of the financial effort made by the state concerning the arts
Apprill, Christophe. "Les danses de couple : lieux et territoires de pratique et d'apprentissage en France." Paris, EHESS, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003EHESA132.
Full textAbsent from the traditional issues of the sociology of art, neither coming within the sociology of sports, dancing is a blind spot of social sciences. Within the dryness of a Sahel of statistics, bibliographies and concepts, couple dances are marginal. However they represent a deeply-anchored and widely-shared cultural custom with various and effective dimensiosn : mixing of sexes, negotiation of the identities of genres, ballroom rituals, transmission processes, codification, social functions. . . As a place of stereotyped practices, and according to the common sense, ballroom dancing in the 20th century went through golden age, a waining and a revival, scansions of an evolution which relativity can be revealed by analysis. Left for moribund at the begining of 70's, couple and ballroom dances have known multiple forms of resurgence (tango balls, lindy hop parties) and persistence (tea dance and dance halls) that speak through a folk craze. The ballroom dancing culture is the subject of a passionate reconstruction throughout multiple territories while the notions of ballroom dance and couple dance are used as instruments by political authorities and association networks to weave new forms of sociability. The handing down of family traditions has been substituted by the development of dance schools and the, training courses given by multi-activity and associative structures (cultural centers), today a majority, who are on conflicting terms with improvisation. A quantative survey carried out among the people who take courses reveals how multiple the representations of the dances they learn can vary
Azougli, Smaïl. "Système de santé en Algérie et perceptions de l'institution médicale dans deux quartiers d'Alger." Paris, EHESS, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988EHES0055.
Full textBoude, Yvan. "Les portraits officiels des présidents de la République en France : histoire et sociologie d’une mise en scène." Grenoble 2, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005GRE21010.
Full textOfficial portraits of presidents of the French republic are symbolically efficient ways for the presidential institution to turn power into image. They are mediatory snapshots the symbolic dimension of which is expressed through a particular staging, a scenography which allows them to represent and dramatise power, to provide a visible body and an apparent identity. The presidential effigy therefore asserts itself as an exercise of perpetuation and legitimization, as a revealed image of power. However, far from being a mere snap immortalizing his investiture or perpetuating his physical appearance, the President’s portrait is meant to be distributed and posted in the mains administrations. Thus, in order to define the proper practices of this portrait, we will have to further analyse the connotative reading of these pictures thanks to a socio-historical approach which will be based on a global discourse focusing on both the picture itself and its various contexts, i. E. The “sensitive chain” of a photograph. This interpretation of the links connecting image and power will then be interested in production devices and popularization mechanisms implemented by the institution to trigger the encounter between the citizen and the portrait attribution processes, the status of the picture…It will then question the purely administrative customs of the official portrait, that is to say the problems connected to the acquisition of its specific images by their institutional beneficiaries, such as acquiring and showing the portrait. It will finally question the public traditions and popular gesturesof the presidential portrait - partisan appropriation or perversion of memory.
Richard, Guy. "Information et communication sociale : essai d'analyse anthropologique d'un système télématique d'information administrative en Lot-et-Garonne." Paris 7, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA070030.
Full textThis thesis is meant to analyse why an experience aiming at giving the rural population useful information as to their rights and administrative procedures thanks to telematic failed, it is based upon the assuption that, in order to assess an information system, it is necessary to refer it to the target social group, communication considered as a "global social phenemenon". From that view point, the first (theorical) part is devoted to a criticism of bakhtine's theories in the light of the knowledge acquired in linguistic and sociology. It eventually defines the communicative situation as the negotiation of an intersection between the reference systems (outlooks) derived from the transmitter's and thereceiver's habitus. Therefore, the second part goes into the various conceptions the actors - the transmitter (the organism instigating the operation) and the receiver - have about administrative information and its usefulness. It brings to light a typology of the country people concerning that information and its conformity with the social structure. The third part analyses how the system workse. The plan drawn up turns out to be contradictory to the institutional sources and the informal networks. More profoundy, it calls into question the ways of thinking and the means of sociability among country people, as a symbolical violence act. The difference between practical and exchange values leads us to regard information as a social behaviour as much as a means of solving problem
Mazardo, Sylvie. "La transmission des obligations en droit social." Orléans, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004ORLE0005.
Full textRaymond, Curie. "Origines et caractéristiques de la confrontation entre habitants des quartiers et milieu universitaire dans les villes de banlieue : l'Université et la ville en région parisienne." Paris, EHESS, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997EHES0122.
Full textParasie, Sylvain. "Le droit à l'épreuve du public : une sociologie de l'encadrement de la publicité à la télévision française (1968-2005)." Cachan, Ecole normale supérieure, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2005DENSA001.
Full textEl, Rharb Bouchta. "Les représentations sociales de l'informatique à l'école chez quelques acteurs du système éducatif français." Paris 5, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA05H077.
Full textGaullier, Xavier. "La deuxième carrière : âges, emplois, retraites." Paris 5, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988PA05H050.
Full textThe second career is an analysis of the dynamics of ages and social times for the entire lifespan, as well as their changes. Set in the framework of the sociology of age and the life cycle, this work is at the crossroads of the sociology of work, the sociology of leisure, and the sociology of the family. The surveys and research deal with the situation and the transformations taking place in the second half of life in industrial societies today : employment and unemployment, early retirement and retirement, family life and leisure, health and life expectancy, personality changes. This thesis demonstrates that a second career and a new age are emerging : a period of several decades which is no longer that of young adulthood but not yet the of old age. Its characteristics are analyzed as well as its implications for the restructuring of different ages and the life cycle as a function of societal (economic, social, cultural) changes. In contrast to models of the post-world war two period of economic growth, a variety of scenarios for the future are discussed
Vogels, Christian. "Pour une sociologie de la litterature : le cas de la poesie contemporaine en france (juin 1940-juin 1992)." Nantes, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994NANT3017.
Full textAfter delimiting the scope of the subject : french poetry today (fpt), the thesis describes what fpt is and its social structures. The choice of period (june 1940-june 1992) and geographic limits (metropolitant france are explained and justified. Public archives (ihtp, ina), and private ones (luc berimont), investigations, and interviews have been used for the research. Three groups are studied : authors, readers, publishers. According to a principle of "inclusion", this triplex set encloses literary groups of poets, often self-financed. This is obvious in communitas where classical publishing procedures are reversed. Being silent partners is the basic quality of readers. Texts forbid specular practices in this tripex set. These specific practises of fpt involve ruptures between poets and the national community, except during the second war. For, the aesthetic poetics is always an "unveiling of the world" from which it stems. When a social acter uses fpt to tell about the consensus or about power the creation becomes commonplace, a literary norm. Therefore poetics is a social stake. In fact, the poet's words also question power. But this question becomes visible thanks to the action of readers and publishers who put repetitive and stereotypic forms aside and who choose the risk of invention and culture