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Journal articles on the topic 'Mechano-chemistry'

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Author: Grafiati

Published: 1 April 2023

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1

Danielewski, Marek, and Bartłomiej Wierzba. "Mechano-Chemistry; Interdiffusion in Solid Solutions." Defect and Diffusion Forum 277 (April 2008): 61–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ddf.277.61.

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In this work we show that the volume velocity, ρυ , rather than the local centre of mass velocity should be used in continua. We use the volume continuity equation to define the volume frame of reference in the multicomponent, compressible continua. The volume velocity (material velocity) is a unique frame of reference for all internal forces and processes, e.g., the mass diffusion. No basic changes are required in the foundations of linear irreversible thermodynamics except recognizing the need to add volume to the usual list of extensive physical properties undergoing transport in every continuum. The volume fixed frame of reference allows the translation of the Newton’s discrete mass-point molecular mechanics into continuum mechanics and the use of the Cauchy linear momentum equation of fluid mechanics and Navier-Lamé equation of mechanics of solids. Our proposed modifications of Navier-Lamé and energy conservation equations are selfconsistent with the literature for solid-phase continua dating back to the classical interdiffusion experiments of Kirkendall and their subsequent interpretation by Darken in terms of diffusive volume transport. We do show that the local diffusion processes do not change the centre of mass of the system and that the internal stress depends on the gradient of the local volume velocity only.

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2

Preller, Matthias, and Dietmar J. Manstein. "Myosin Structure, Allostery, and Mechano-Chemistry." Structure 21, no. 11 (November 2013): 1911–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.str.2013.09.015.

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3

Li, Jianwei, Shouzhi Ma, Xinjuan Liu, Zhaofeng Zhou, and Chang Q. Sun. "ZnO Meso-Mechano-Thermo Physical Chemistry." Chemical Reviews 112, no. 5 (February 16, 2012): 2833–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/cr200428m.

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4

Malik, Omri, Hadeel Kahamis, Sergei Rudnizky, and Ariel Kaplan. "The Mechano-Chemistry of Reverse Transcriptase." Biophysical Journal 112, no. 3 (February 2017): 514a. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bpj.2016.11.2779.

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5

Popov, Konstantin I., and Garegin A. Papoian. "Capsid Deformations Reveal Complex Mechano-Chemistry." Biophysical Journal 105, no. 10 (November 2013): 2233–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bpj.2013.09.055.

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6

Tseng, C. Y., A. Wang, and G. Zocchi. "Mechano-chemistry of the enzyme Guanylate Kinase." EPL (Europhysics Letters) 91, no. 1 (July 1, 2010): 18005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1209/0295-5075/91/18005.

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7

Danielewski, Marek, and Bartłomiej Wierzba. "Mechano-chemistry; diffusion in multicomponent compressible mixtures." Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications 387, no. 4 (February 2008): 745–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.physa.2007.10.015.

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8

Malik, Omri, Hadeel Khamis, Sergei Rudnizky, and Ariel Kaplan. "The mechano-chemistry of a monomeric reverse transcriptase." Nucleic Acids Research 45, no. 22 (November 20, 2017): 12954–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/nar/gkx1168.

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9

Shimojo, F., R. K. Kalia, A. Nakano, K. Nomura, and P. Vashishta. "Metascalable molecular dynamics simulation of nano-mechano-chemistry." Journal of Physics: Condensed Matter 20, no. 29 (June 24, 2008): 294204. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0953-8984/20/29/294204.

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10

Lin, Leqi, Vashin Gautham Nanjangud Thyagaraja, Renoy Ranjith, Ruizhe Yang, Simone Ciampi, James Chen, and Jun Liu. "Degradation of organic molecules by tribovoltaic mechano-chemistry." Nano Energy 107 (March 2023): 108163. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nanoen.2022.108163.

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11

Guo, Ze Cheng, Ming Chen, Dong Bo Zhao, and Fei Meng Zhang. "Tribology and Self-Repairing Nature of RE Nanophase Composite Material." Advanced Materials Research 659 (January 2013): 3–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.659.3.

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RE nanophase composite material between the grain size 30nm and 100nm are prepared by the method of mechano-chemistry，in which the material’s adsorptive capacity to metal base is checked，and the nature of anti-friction as well as self-repairing effectiveness to the surface of abrasion is tested by four-ball friction wear testing machine. The results show that RE nanophase composite material prepared by the method of mechano-chemistry has a good adsorptive capacity to metal base，and the wear surface can be covered and repaired under dynamic condition；RE nanophase composite material used as anti-friction material is test and verified.

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12

Shi, Wu Chao, Cheng Chen, Hao Wu, Dan Yu Jiang, and Qiang Li. "The Mechano-Chemical Synthesis and Characteristics of PMN and PZT." Key Engineering Materials 544 (March 2013): 92–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.544.92.

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Both PMN and PZT are perovskite oxides and typical functional materials applicable to various devices for its chemistry and physics properties. The conventional method solid-state reaction method has some drawbacks of high reaction temperature, large particle size and limited degree of chemical homogeneity. So, an easy, low cost and environmental method of synthesizing fine and homogenous powders is required. This paper discusses the synthesis of PMN and PZT by the new mechano-chemical method, the screw grinding method. Through experiments, it was found that the mechanism of mechano-chemical method and solid phase diffusion method were completely different, thus the pyrochlore phase was avoided, and the phase purity of powders was developed. And a higher power could greatly short the time of the mechano-chemical reaction time, improving the phase purity and the dispersion of the powder.

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13

Lin, Fengcai, Zi Wang, Yanping Shen, Lirong Tang, Pinle Zhang, Yuefang Wang, Yandan Chen, Biao Huang, and Beili Lu. "Natural skin-inspired versatile cellulose biomimetic hydrogels." Journal of Materials Chemistry A 7, no. 46 (2019): 26442–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c9ta10502f.

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A skin-like cellulose biomimetic hydrogel was prepared based on dynamic covalent chemistry, which realized the combination of ultra-stretchability, self-healing, adhesiveness, antibacterial and mechano-stimuli sensitivity within a single structure.

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14

Danielewski, Marek, Maciej Pietrzyk, and Bartłomiej Wierzba. "Electro-Mechano-Chemistry; Transport Problem in Four Time Scales." Solid State Phenomena 129 (November 2007): 11–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.129.11.

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The mass transport in the presence of stress, electrical, mechanical and chemical potential gradients in multicomponent solid solution is analyzed. The method bases on the Darken concept and the calorimetric equation of state. We effectively coupled the conservation of the mass (continuity equations), energy, momentum and Gauss equations. The diffusion fluxes of the components are given by the Nernst-Planck formulae and take into account the electro-chemical and mechanical potentials. We simulate the deformation field during the diffusion caused by the gradients of the chemical potential of all elements in non-ideal Fe-Cu-Ni alloy. The simulations show that the model is compatible with experimental results, and can be effectively used for modelling the energy, momentum and mass transport problems in compressible multicomponent solid solutions. The numerical problems and methods of solution are presented.

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15

Claramunt, Rosa M., Concepcion Lopez, Dionisia Sanz, and Jose Elguero. "ChemInform Abstract: Mechano Heterocyclic Chemistry: Grinding and Ball Mills." ChemInform 46, no. 24 (May 27, 2015): no. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/chin.201524263.

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16

Tan, L. S., A. J. McHugh, M. A. Gülgün, and W. M. Kriven. "Evolution of mechano-chemistry and microstructure of a calcium aluminate-polymer composite: Part II. Mixing rate effects." Journal of Materials Research 11, no. 7 (July 1996): 1739–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/jmr.1996.0218.

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Microstructure, microchemistry and mechanical properties of hardened macro-defect-free (MDF) composites processed at various rotor rates in a Banbury mixer were investigated. A quiescently formed calcium aluminate-polyvinyl alcohol composite served as a substitute for an unmixed system. Results from the Banbury studies in conjunction with microchemical analysis of the unmixed composite showed evidence that the polymer-particle interaction is a mechanically induced crosslinking reaction. The rate of the mechano-chemistry increases with mixing speeds. Scanning electron micrographs (SEM) and transmission electron micrographs (TEM) of hardened composites mixed for 15 min at 30, 50, 100, and 200 rpm indicate that much of the mechanical strength of MDF is due to the crosslinked interphase zones that blanket the cement grains. Stresses in the paste due to mixing can destroy the interphase layer, leading to a weaker hardened composite. Microchemical analysis revealed that the mechano-chemistry of the system did not vary with changes in the mixing conditions studied.

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17

Wang, Zixing, Xiang Zhang, Jordan A. Hachtel, Amey Apte, Chandra S. Tiwary, Robert Vajtai, Juan Carlos Idrobo, Ramazan Ozturk, and Pulickel Ajayan. "Etching of transition metal dichalcogenide monolayers into nanoribbon arrays." Nanoscale Horizons 4, no. 3 (2019): 689–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c8nh00364e.

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A facile mechano-chemical method was developed to etch TMDC monolayers into anisotropic nanoribbon arrays through wet chemistry. The etching is done under both the effect of chemical reaction with ascorbic acid, and mechanical detachment from the substrate using water's dipole moment.

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18

Kabbani, Mohamad A., Vidya Kochat, Sanjit Bhowmick, Matias Soto, Anirban Som, K. R. Krishnadas, Cristiano F. Woellner, et al. "Consolidation of functionalized graphene at ambient temperature via mechano-chemistry." Carbon 134 (August 2018): 491–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.carbon.2018.03.049.

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19

Asamoah, Richmond K. "Specific Refractory Gold Flotation and Bio-Oxidation Products: Research Overview." Minerals 11, no. 1 (January 19, 2021): 93. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/min11010093.

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This paper presents a research overview, reconciling key and useful case study findings, towards uncovering major causes of gold refractoriness and maximising extraction performance of specific gold flotation and bio-oxidation products. Through systematic investigation of the ore mineralogical and gold deportment properties, leaching mechanisms, and kinetic behaviour and pulp rheology, it was observed that the predominant cause of the poor extraction efficacy of one bio-oxidised product is the presence of recalcitrant sulphate minerals (e.g., jarosite and gypsum) produced during the oxidation process. This was followed by carbonaceous matter and other gangue minerals such as muscovite, quartz, and rutile. The underpining leaching mechanism and kinetics coupled with the pulp rheology were influenced by the feed mineralogy/chemistry, time, agitation/shear rate, interfacial chemistry, pH modifier type, and mechano-chemical activation. For instance, surface exposure of otherwise unavailable gold particles by mechano-chemical activation enhanced the gold leaching rate and yield. This work reflect the remarkable impact of subtle deposit feature changes on extraction performance.

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20

Vejjasilpa, Ketpat, Iram Maqsood, Michaela Schulz-Siegmund, and Michael C. Hacker. "Adjustable Thermo-Responsive, Cell-Adhesive Tissue Engineering Scaffolds for Cell Stimulation through Periodic Changes in Culture Temperature." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 24, no. 1 (December 29, 2022): 572. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms24010572.

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A three-dimensional (3D) scaffold ideally provides hierarchical complexity and imitates the chemistry and mechanical properties of the natural cell environment. Here, we report on a stimuli-responsive photo-cross-linkable resin formulation for the fabrication of scaffolds by continuous digital light processing (cDLP), which allows for the mechano-stimulation of adherent cells. The resin comprises a network-forming trifunctional acrylate ester monomer (trimethylolpropane triacrylate, or TMPTA), N-isopropyl acrylamide (NiPAAm), cationic dimethylaminoethyl acrylate (DMAEA) for enhanced cell interaction, and 4-acryloyl morpholine (AMO) to adjust the phase transition temperature (Ttrans) of the equilibrium swollen cross-polymerized scaffold. With glycofurol as a biocompatible solvent, controlled three-dimensional structures were fabricated and the transition temperatures were adjusted by resin composition. The effects of the thermally induced mechano-stimulation were investigated with mouse fibroblasts (L929) and myoblasts (C2C12) on printed constructs. Periodic changes in the culture temperature stimulated the myoblast proliferation.

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21

Cichosz, Stefan, and Anna Masek. "Superiority of Cellulose Non-Solvent Chemical Modification over Solvent-Involving Treatment: Solution for Green Chemistry (Part I)." Materials 13, no. 11 (June 3, 2020): 2552. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma13112552.

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In the following article, a new approach of cellulose modification, which does not incorporate any solvents (NS), is introduced. It is compared for the first time with the traditional solvent-involving (S) treatment. The analysed non-solvent modification process is carried out in a planetary mill. This provides the opportunity for cellulose mechanical degradation, decreasing its size, simultaneously with ongoing silane coupling agent grafting. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) indicated the possibility of intense cleavage of the glucose rings in the cellulose chains during the mechano-chemical treatment. This effect was proved with dynamic light scattering (DLS) results—the size of the particles decreased. Moreover, according to differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) investigation, modified samples exhibited decreased moisture content and a drop in the adsorbed water evaporation temperature. The performed research proved the superiority of the mechano-chemical treatment over regular chemical modification. The one-pot bio-filler modification approach, as a solution fulfilling green chemistry requirements, as well as compromising the sustainable development rules, was presented. Furthermore, this research may contribute significantly to the elimination of toxic solvents from cellulose modification processes.

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22

Elfakhri, Rehab, and Jonathan C. Burley. "Investigation of Potential Amorphisation and Co-Amorphisation Behaviour of the Benzene Di-Carboxylic Acids upon Cryo-Milling." Molecules 24, no. 21 (November 5, 2019): 3990. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules24213990.

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Multi-component formulations offer a way to modulate the physico-chemical properties of drug molecules and thereby enhance their efficacy as medicines compared to using only the raw drug, with mechano-chemical synthesis being an increasingly popular way to create these novel materials in a research setting. However, to date studies have focussed on employing pharmaceutically acceptable components, which has led to the literature featuring chemically diverse pairings of drug and excipient. Here we investigate the outcome of cryo-milling and co-cryo-milling of a series of three simple geometrical isomers of benzene di-carboxylic acid with a view to developing a chemically simple model system to investigate areas including cryo-milling, co-cryo-milling, co-amorphous formulation, etc. All three single-component materials exhibit differing behaviour upon cryo-milling and subsequent storage, as do the two-component mixtures. The surprisingly differing behaviours of these chemically similar species upon cryo-milling and co-cryo-milling suggest that molecular chemistry may not be the dominant influence on the outcome of mechano-chemical syntheses, and that other properties should be explored to develop a predictive model for the outcomes of these types of reactions.

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23

Mateti, Srikanth, Alexey M. Glushenkov, Lu Hua Li, Qian Ma, Chunyi Zhi, and Ying Chen. "In situ doping and synthesis of two-dimensional nanomaterials using mechano-chemistry." Nanoscale Horizons 4, no. 3 (2019): 642–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c8nh00369f.

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24

Vera Lillo, Javier, Anna V. Shnyrova, and Vadim A. Frolov. "Highly Charged Membrane Templates for Studying the Mechano-Chemistry of Dynamin 1." Biophysical Journal 114, no. 3 (February 2018): 281a. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bpj.2017.11.1616.

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25

Stilinović, Vladimir, Dominik Cinčić, Marija Zbačnik, and Branko Kaitner. "Controlling Solvate Formation of a Schiff Base by Combining Mechano-chemistry with Solution Synthesis." Croatica Chemica Acta 85, no. 4 (2012): 485–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.5562/cca2111.

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26

Feng, Lajun, Wenning Shen, Hui Feng, Ali Lei, and Zheng Liu. "Magnetic and sterilizing properties of Ag(II)O–Fe3O4 hybrids synthesized via mechano-chemistry." Ceramics International 40, no. 5 (June 2014): 6963–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ceramint.2013.12.021.

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27

Ienco, Andrea, Giulia Tuci, Annalisa Guerri, and Ferdinando Costantino. "Mechanochemical Access to Elusive Metal Diphosphinate Coordination Polymer." Crystals 9, no. 6 (May 29, 2019): 283. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cryst9060283.

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Several binary metal diphosphinate compounds (ML) have been reported for diphosphinate bonded by a single methylene fragment. In case of longer bridges, binary products are difficult to isolate in crystalline form. Here, using a solvent assisted mechano-chemistry synthesis, we report two new ML crystalline phases, one hydrated and one anhydrous. The hydrated phase is a 2D coordination polymer with an open framework structure. Its network displays a new topology for coordination polymers and metal organic frameworks. The thermal behavior of the two phases has been studied. Finally, the importance of the bridge length is discussed in view of known metal diphosphinate compounds.

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28

Chu, Liangyong, Alexander V. Korobko, Marcel Bus, Bart Boshuizen, Ernst J. R. Sudhölter, and Nicolaas A. M. Besseling. "Fast and controlled fabrication of porous graphene oxide: application of AFM tapping for mechano-chemistry." Nanotechnology 29, no. 18 (March 8, 2018): 185301. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1361-6528/aaafc5.

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29

Chowdhury, Debashish, and Dipanwita Ghanti. "Soft mechano-chemistry of molecular hubs in mitotic spindle: biomechanics and mechanical proofreading at microtubule ends." Journal of Physics: Condensed Matter 32, no. 28 (April 16, 2020): 284001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1361-648x/ab7cc5.

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30

Gülgün, M. A., W. M. Kriven, L. S. Tan, and A. J. McHugh. "Evolution of mechano-chemistry and microstructure of a calcium aluminate-polymer composite: Part I. Mixing time effects." Journal of Materials Research 10, no. 7 (July 1995): 1746–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/jmr.1995.1746.

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Paste development and evolution of microstructure, microchemistry, and mechanical properties of macro-defect-free composites were investigated. Mixing torque plots from a Banbury mixer showed a “window of processibility” within which an optimum polymer-particle network structure formed. This processing window can be controlled by mixing rate and temperature. Network development during paste formation governed the flexural strength and microstructure of the cured material. Electron microscopy studies of the composites corresponding to various points along the mixing torque curve revealed a matrix formation-destruction process that was linked to the mixing activity and the mechano-chemistry of the system. Microchemical evolution in the composite was studied by EDS. These studies suggested that a combined convection and diffusion mechanism was responsible for the migration of Al3+ and Ca2+ ions into the different regions of the microstructure. Increasing concentrations of these elements in the polymer regions stiffened the matrix, leading to complete degradation on further mixing.

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31

Cui, Chenglin, Hao Ding, Li Cao, and Daimei Chen. "Preparation of CaCO3-SiO2 composite with core-shell structure and its application in silicone rubber." Polish Journal of Chemical Technology 17, no. 4 (December 1, 2015): 128–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/pjct-2015-0079.

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Abstract A new CaCO3-SiO2 composite with core-shell structure was successfully prepared by mechano-chemistry method (MCM). SEM and FTIR indicated that SiO2 particles were homogeneously immobilized on the surface of CaCO3. The well dispersion of this CaCO3-SiO2 composite into silicone rubber can not only reduce the usage amount of SiO2, but also improve the mechanical properties of silicone rubber. By the calculation, the theoretical numbers of the SiO2 particles is about 10 times as large as that of CaCO3 particles in the CaCO3-SiO2 composite. Mixing CaCO3-SiO2 composite in silicone rubber can enhance the breaking strength of the silicone rubber about 18% as high as that when mixing the pure SiO2. And the elongation at break is about 14% less than that of adding the pure SiO2 sample.

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32

Danielewski, Marek, and Bartek Wierzba. "Bi-Velocity Method and Linear Nonreversible Thermodynamics, Interdiffusion in R2." Defect and Diffusion Forum 297-301 (April 2010): 1461–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ddf.297-301.1461.

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Kirkendall and Darken findings of the drift velocity since 1948 have stimulated progress in transport phenomenological models. The convection velocity (the Darken drift in solids), , and velocity of diffusion, , require definition and the method how the diffusion displacement is defined, computed and measured. The equation of volume continuity allowed the extension of the Darken method and avoids the rigid assumption of the constant molar concentration. In this work, we use the bi-velocity approach, i.e., the generalized Darken method, to model interdiffusion in two-dimensional diffusion multiple. We show the convergence of one- and two-dimensional models in the case of the process at the constant volume and perfect agreement between R1 and R2 simulations. We impose modifications in the foundations of mechanics of solids namely, the Navier-Lamé-Fourier equations. We show that the method can be used in the mechano-chemistry of solids and is self-consistent with linear irreversible thermodynamics.

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33

Pagnanelli, Francesca, Pier Giorgio Schiavi, Pietro Altimari, Francesca Beolchini, Alessia Amato, Jacopo Coletta, Flavia Forte, Emanuela Moscardini, and Luigi Toro. "Economic and Environmental Sustainability of an Innovative Cryo-Mechano-Hydrometallurgical Process Validated at Pilot Scale for the Recycling of Li Batteries." Metals 13, no. 3 (March 1, 2023): 497. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/met13030497.

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An innovative cryo-mechano-hydrometallurgical process (named LIBAT) was demonstrated at pilot scale for the treatment of EOL lithium primary batteries with chemistry Li(0)-MnO2. The process allowed the recycling of steel scraps from external cases after cryomechanical dismantling, and the recovery of Mn and Li products after hydrometallurgical processing. During demonstration activities, about nine tons of batteries were treated in the cryomechanical section, and one ton of black mass was treated in the hydrometallurgical section for the recovery of Mn hydroxides and Li2CO3. The environmental impacts of the process were evaluated in comparison with an innovative pyrometallurgical approach allowing Li recovery, confirming the benefits of the proposed process due to a reduction in energy consumption. Process simulations were performed considering different mixture feeds (only Li primary, or mixture with Li-ion batteries) and process options (only the cryomechanical section of the integral process) to assess the lower limits of potentiality that would ensure economic sustainability.

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34

Tang, Huidong, Qing Hu, Feng Jiang, Weihui Jiang, Jianmin Liu, Ting Chen, Guo Feng, Tao Wang, and Wei Luo. "Size control of C@ZrSiO4 pigments via soft mechano-chemistry assisted non-aqueous sol-gel method and their application in ceramic glaze." Ceramics International 45, no. 8 (June 2019): 10756–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ceramint.2019.02.149.

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35

Quattrocchi, F., R. Favara, G. Capasso, L. Pizzino, R. Bencini, D. Cinti, G. Galli, F. Grassa, S. Francofonte, and G. Volpicielli. "Thermal anomalies and fluid geochemistry framework in occurrence of the 2000-2001 Nizza Monferrate seismic sequence (northern Italy): Episodic changes in the fault zone heat flow or chemical mixing phenomena?" Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences 3, no. 3/4 (August 31, 2003): 269–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/nhess-3-269-2003.

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Abstract. The paper discusses the correlation between the heating of shallow groundwater over a 10 × 20 km wide area close to the town of Nizza Monferrato (Piemonte Region, Northern Italy) and the concomitant local seismic sequences during the period August 2000 – July 2001. The first seismic sequence started on 21 August 2000 with a Ml = 5.2 earthquake. Within few hours, the local authorities received calls alerting that the groundwater temperature rose from 10 to 30°C in many shallow wells. Our geochemical experimental data and the geological-seismotectonic framework do not allow the hypothesis of simple fluid mixing between the thermal reservoir of Acqui Terme and the Nizza-Monferrato shallow groundwater to explain the observed thermal anomalies. On the other hand, we invoke more complex processes such as frictional heating, mechano-chemistry, fault-valve mechanism, adiabatic decompression and hydrogeologically driven heat flow i.e., thermal effects due to variations of basin-scale permeability field. All these processes are able to transmit heat to the surface and to generate a transient incremental heat flow better than the mass transfer occurring typically when fluids from different reservoirs mix.

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36

Aghayar, Zahra, Massoud Malaki, and Yizhou Zhang. "MXene-Based Ink Design for Printed Applications." Nanomaterials 12, no. 23 (December 6, 2022): 4346. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano12234346.

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MXenes are a class of two-dimensional nanomaterials with a rich chemistry, hydrophilic surface and mechano-ceramic nature, and have been employed in a wide variety of applications ranging from medical and sensing devises to electronics, supercapacitors, electromagnetic shielding, and environmental applications, to name a few. To date, the main focus has mostly been paid to studying the chemical and physical properties of MXenes and MXene-based hybrids, while relatively less attention has been paid to the optimal application forms of these materials. It has been frequently observed that MXenes show great potential as inks when dispersed in solution. The present paper aims to comprehensively review the recent knowledge about the properties, applications and future horizon of inks based on 2D MXene sheets. In terms of the layout of the current paper, 2D MXenes have briefly been presented and followed by introducing the formulation of MXene inks, the process of turning MAX to MXene, and ink compositions and preparations. The chemical, tribological and rheological properties have been deeply discussed with an eye to the recent developments of the MXene inks in energy, health and sensing applications. The review ends with a summary of research pitfalls, challenges, and future directions in this area.

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37

Kim, Lidia, Gheorghe Dobra, Raluca Isopescu, Sorin Iliev, Lucian Cotet, Alina Boiangiu, and Laurentiu Filipescu. "Short review on mechanical activation in non-metallurgical alumina production." Romanian Journal of Ecology & Environmental Chemistry 4, no. 2 (December 28, 2022): 62–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.21698/rjeec.2022.206.

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The terms mechano-chemistry and mechanical activation of solid materials were introduced in chemical literature by Ostwald at the beginning of the XX century. Both terms cover a whole range of interconnected phenomena taking place during the mechanical action on solids or their separate parts participating in chemical reactions, phase transitions, mixing and creating composite materials, alloying and crystal growth in the solid state, deformation and changing physical and thermal properties, all of them at low temperature. The common effects of the mechanical activation on solid material are fracturing and reduction of particle sizes, generation of new reactive surfaces, diffusion of atoms of the reactant phase through the product phase, and quite significantly, accumulating energy in crystalline or amorphous structure (enough twists in atomic and molecular networks, tensions in atomic bond and active sites to trigger the nucleation of new phases). Mechanical activation is very used to produce all clean alumina mineralogical phases with uniform particle size dimensions from nano to macro size. Also, mechanical activation may extend the specific surface of some minerals, enhancing the yields in the solid-liquid extraction process. With adequate precursors, all phase transitions from amorphous to alfa α-Al2O3 can be carried out on the same route as in thermally activated alumina, but some other routes, impossible by thermal activation, might be followed. The difference between the two activation ways is that mechanical activation is made at room temperature.

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38

Hamed, Gary R. "Molecular Aspects of the Fatigue and Fracture of Rubber." Rubber Chemistry and Technology 67, no. 3 (July 1, 1994): 529–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.5254/1.3538689.

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Abstract This short review highlights molecular mechanisms controlling the fracture of rubber and rubber reinforcement, with emphasis on the importance of mechano-chemistry. The manuscript is an extension and update of a previous short review published in Rubber Chemistry and Technology in 1991. All solids, including vulcanizates, contain inevitable ubiquitous flaws of various shapes and sizes. When a solid is subjected to a global stress, the local stresses at the tips of these flaws are magnified and can be many times larger than the average applied stress. Generally, there will be a single flaw at which the stress is magnified to the greatest degree and where fracture begins. Macroscopic fracture of vulcanized rubber is a process in which network chains are broken and new free surface area is created as a result of mechanical loading. Loading may be continuously increasing up to fracture (monotonic fracture) or it may be applied periodically, typically at much lower levels, until fracture ensues (fatigue fracture). For example, a specimen which breaks at, say, 20 MPa when loaded monotonically in tension may fracture, nonetheless, at only 5 MPa, if this load is repeatedly applied. In many rubber articles, two important types of fatigue fracture are fatigue crack growth and abrasion. With the former a (bulk) crack initiates (perhaps at an included impurity or microvoid) and grows as a result of “far-field” loading, whereas, with abrasion, fracture is caused by the direct action of frictional, sliding forces. The events occurring at the tip of a crack are quite important in controlling its growth. In particular, if a crack tip becomes blunted during deformation, or if there are other processes occurring which reduce the load borne by the molecular chains at the crack tip, then stress concentration will be reduced and fracture inhibited. If an elastomeric network is capable of dissipating input energy into heat through irreversible molecular motions, less elastic nergy will be available to break network bonds apart, and fracture energy is increased. More on the role of energy dissipation in fracture is given later. Both fatigue crack growth and abrasion are the culmination of accumulated damage due to mechano-chemical processes. Consider a rubbery article which contains a distribution of chain lengths between crosslink points, and which is subject to fatigue. When deformed, chains align, and the load is inequitably carried by the network strands. The network strives to distribute the stress among the chains, but it is limited from completely doing so because of the complex topology. At sufficiently low elongation, no chains are broken, but as deformation progresses, one network chain eventually ruptures. The force that the chain was carrying prior to breakage is quickly distributed among neighboring chains. This results in the overloading and rupture of some of these chains. (Electron spin resonance spectroscopy has been used to detect free radicals resulting from homolytic cleavage of network chains.) At this point, there has been molecular chain breakage (network damage), but no macroscopic fracture (creation of new free surface area). Chain breakage is not random, but rather is more prevalent in those “elements” where chains broke in the first place. If deformation were monotonously continued to a high level, there would be a particular element which experienced more chain rupture than any other, and a macroscopic crack would open there (far-field loading) or a portion of the material would be removed (frictional loading). However, in (mild) fatigue the article is unloaded well before sufficient damage has occurred in the first cycle to cause crack growth or abrasive loss. After the first cycle, the article contains elements with varying degrees of damage. In subsequent cycles there is more chain rupture (damage accumulation) and eventually macroscopic fracture ensues. It is interesting to calculate the number of chains which must break at one location in order to create 1 µm2 of fracture surface. Assuming a chain cross-sectional area of 0.5 nm2, this would require the rupture of 2(106) chains. Nonetheless, the number of localized molecular chain ruptures necessary to constitute the onset of macroscopic fracture is unclear.

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39

Linert, W., V. Woronow, and V. Gutmann. "Mechano-elektrochemische Effekte, II." Monatshefte f�r Chemie Chemical Monthly 116, no. 11 (November 1985): 1263–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00811098.

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40

Muraoka, Takahiro, Kaori Umetsu, Kazuhito V. Tabata, Tsutomu Hamada, Hiroyuki Noji, Takashi Yamashita, and Kazushi Kinbara. "Mechano-Sensitive Synthetic Ion Channels." Journal of the American Chemical Society 139, no. 49 (November 27, 2017): 18016–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jacs.7b09515.

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41

Surampudi, Sravan K., Harik R. Patel, G. Nagarjuna, and D. Venkataraman. "Mechano-isomerization of azobenzene." Chemical Communications 49, no. 68 (2013): 7519. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c3cc43797c.

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42

Dinarelli, Simone, Giovanni Longo, Antonio Francioso, Luciana Mosca, and Marco Girasole. "Mechano-Transduction Boosts the Aging Effects in Human Erythrocytes Submitted to Mechanical Stimulation." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 23, no. 17 (September 5, 2022): 10180. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms231710180.

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Erythrocytes’ aging and mechano-transduction are fundamental cellular pathways that determine the red blood cells’ (RBCs) behavior and function. The aging pattern can be influenced, in morphological, biochemical, and metabolic terms by the environmental conditions. In this paper, we studied the effect of a moderate mechanical stimulation applied through external shaking during the RBCs aging and revealed a strong acceleration of the aging pattern induced by such stimulation. Moreover, we evaluated the behavior of the main cellular effectors and resources in the presence of drugs (diamide) or of specific inhibitors of the mechano-transduction (probenecid, carbenoxolone, and glibenclamide). This approach provided the first evidence of a direct cross-correlation between aging and mechano-transduction and permitted an evaluation of the overall metabolic regulation and of the insurgence of specific morphological features, such as micro-vesicles and roughness alterations. Overall, for the first time the present data provided a schematic to understand the integration of distinct complex patterns in a comprehensive view of the cell and of its interactions with the environment. Mechano-transduction produces structural effects that are correlated with the stimulation and the strength of the environmental stimulation is paramount to effectively activate and trigger the biological cascades initiated by the mechano-sensing.

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43

Lavrenova, Anna, Diederik W. R. Balkenende, Yoshimitsu Sagara, Stephen Schrettl, Yoan C. Simon, and Christoph Weder. "Mechano- and Thermoresponsive Photoluminescent Supramolecular Polymer." Journal of the American Chemical Society 139, no. 12 (March 21, 2017): 4302–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jacs.7b00342.

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44

Xie, Yuan, Yuanhua He, Xiantao Chen, Daqin Bu, Xiaolong He, Maoyong Zhi, and Mingwu Wang. "Relationship between mechano-bactericidal activity and nanoblades density on chemically strengthened glass." Nanotechnology Reviews 11, no. 1 (December 13, 2021): 138–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ntrev-2022-0008.

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Abstract Establishing the correlation between the topography and the bactericidal performance is the key to improve the mechano-bactericidal activity. However, due to the complexity of the mechano-bactericidal mechanism, the correlation between density and bactericidal performance is still not clear. Based on this, a series of nanoblades (NBs) with various density but similar thickness and height were prepared on the chemically strengthened glass (CSG) substrate by a simple alkaline etching method. The mechano-bactericidal properties of NBs on CSG (NBs@CSG) surfaces exposed to Escherichia coli were evaluated. The results show that with the NB density increasing, the mechano-bactericidal performance of the surface increased first and then decreased. Besides, the bactericidal performance of NBs@CSG is not affected after four consecutive ultrasonic cleaning bactericidal experiments. This article can provide guidance for the design of the new generation of mechano-bactericidal surfaces. In addition, this technology is expected to be applied to the civil aviation cabin window lining.

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Koroznikova, Larissa, Stafford McKnight, Jean-Pierre Veder, Jason Giri, Samayamutthirian Palaniandy, and Gordon Williams. "Mechano-chemical oxidation of arsenopyrite." Minerals Engineering 141 (September 2019): 105837. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.mineng.2019.105837.

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46

Mane, Sunil Kumar Baburao, Yingxiao Mu, Zhiyong Yang, Eethamukkala Ubba, Naghma Shaishta, and Zhenguo Chi. "A TADF compound with high-contrast mechano-responsive fluorescence on/off switching for both sequential and combinational logic gates." Journal of Materials Chemistry C 7, no. 12 (2019): 3522–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c9tc00150f.

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47

Zhang, Hao, Yong Nie, Jinling Miao, Dengqing Zhang, Yexin Li, Guangning Liu, Guoxin Sun, and Xuchuan Jiang. "Fluorination of the tetraphenylethene core: synthesis, aggregation-induced emission, reversible mechanofluorochromism and thermofluorochromism of fluorinated tetraphenylethene derivatives." Journal of Materials Chemistry C 7, no. 11 (2019): 3306–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c9tc00511k.

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48

Xu, Wenhu, Lian Ma, Yan Chen, and Hong Liang. "Mechano-oxidation during cobalt polishing." Wear 416-417 (December 2018): 36–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.wear.2018.09.005.

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49

Tusiime, Rogers, Fatemeh Zabihi, Mike Tebyetekerwa, Yasmin Mohamed Yousry, Yue Wu, Morteza Eslamian, Shengyuan Yang, Seeram Ramakrishna, Muhuo Yu, and Hui Zhang. "High stress-driven voltages in net-like layer-supported organic–inorganic perovskites." Journal of Materials Chemistry C 8, no. 8 (2020): 2643–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c9tc05468e.

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50

RZYMSKI, WLADYSLAW M. "The mechano-chemical reactions in elastomers." Polimery 42, no. 07/08 (July 1997): 450–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.14314/polimery.1997.450.

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