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Academic literature on the topic 'Mechanistic Approaches'

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Published: 10 December 2022
Last updated: 28 January 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Mechanistic Approaches"

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Frazier, J. M. "Predictive toxicodynamics: Empirical/mechanistic approaches." Toxicology in Vitro 11, no. 5 (October 1997): 465–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0887-2333(97)00073-8.

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Gries, Stefan Th. "Mechanistic formal approaches to language acquisition." Epistemological issue with keynote article “A Formalist Perspective on Language Acquisition” by Charles Yang 8, no. 6 (November 26, 2018): 733–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/lab.18050.gri.

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Denny, Mark, and Lisandro Benedetti-Cecchi. "Scaling Up in Ecology: Mechanistic Approaches." Annual Review of Ecology, Evolution, and Systematics 43, no. 1 (December 2012): 1–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev-ecolsys-102710-145103.

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Betarbet, Ranjita, Todd B. Sherer, Donato A. Di, and J. Timothy Greenamyre. "Mechanistic Approaches to Parkinson's Disease Pathogenesis." Brain Pathology 12, no. 4 (April 5, 2006): 499–510. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1750-3639.2002.tb00468.x.

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Denny, M. "Biophysics, bioenergetics and mechanistic approaches to ecology." Journal of Experimental Biology 215, no. 6 (February 22, 2012): 871. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/jeb.069575.

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Knight, K. "BIOPHYSICS, BIOENERGETICS AND MECHANISTIC APPROACHES TO ECOLOGY." Journal of Experimental Biology 215, no. 6 (February 22, 2012): i—iii. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/jeb.071027.

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Links, Jonathan M., Thomas W. Kensler, and John D. Groopman. "Biomarkers and Mechanistic Approaches in Environmental Epidemiology." Annual Review of Public Health 16, no. 1 (May 1995): 83–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.pu.16.050195.000503.

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Huang, Weili, Sau Lawrence Lee, and Lawrence X. Yu. "Mechanistic Approaches to Predicting Oral Drug Absorption." AAPS Journal 11, no. 2 (April 21, 2009): 217–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1208/s12248-009-9098-z.

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Steele, Vernon E. "Current Mechanistic Approaches to the Chemoprevention of Cancer." BMB Reports 36, no. 1 (January 31, 2003): 78–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.5483/bmbrep.2003.36.1.078.

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Araujo, Leandro C., Patricia M. Santos, Daniel Rodriguez, José Ricardo M. Pezzopane, Patricia P. A. Oliveira, and Pedro G. Cruz. "Simulating Guinea Grass Production: Empirical and Mechanistic Approaches." Agronomy Journal 105, no. 1 (January 2013): 61–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.2134/agronj2012.0245.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Mechanistic Approaches"

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Pidala, Joseph. "Achievement of Transplantation Tolerance: Novel Approaches and Mechanistic Insights." Scholar Commons, 2014. https://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/5104.

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Current immune suppressive strategies fail to induce donor-recipient immune tolerance after allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation. Accordingly, patients suffer morbidity and mortality from graft vs. host disease (GVHD) and prolonged immune suppressive therapy. Biologic insight into transplantation tolerance is needed, and translation of such insight to novel clinical strategies may improve clinical outcomes. We report original investigation at seminal phases of this process including initial prophylactic immune suppression, onset of acute graft vs. host disease, and ultimate immune suppression discontinuation: In a controlled randomized clinical trial, we demonstrate that sirolimus-based immune suppression reduces risk for acute GVHD, ameliorates the severity of subsequent chronic GVHD, and supports reconstitution of functional regulatory T cells. Study of tissue-infiltrating CD4+ T cell subsets in acute GVHD target organs supports a pathogenic role for Th17 cells. Finally, we demonstrate that peripheral blood transcriptional biomarkers provide mechanistic insight into human transplantation tolerance. These data signal progress, and suggest rational translational efforts to achieve transplantation tolerance.
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Delp, Johannes [Verfasser]. "Functional and mechanistic approaches to improve neurotoxicity predictions / Johannes Delp." Konstanz : KOPS Universität Konstanz, 2019. http://d-nb.info/1227841167/34.

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Watson, Susan B. "Outbreaks of taste/odour causing algal species, theoretical, mechanistic and applied approaches." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape2/PQDD_0026/NQ49547.pdf.

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Fausti, Giovanni. "Towards new approaches for the generation of phosphorus based radical : synthetic and mechanistic investigations." Thesis, Normandie, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017NORMC271/document.

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Cette thèse rapporte trois modes d'activation complémentaires pour la génération de radicaux à base de phosphore, qui ont été utilisés pour la synthèse de composés organophosphorés.Tout d’abord, nous avons décrit une génération photocatalytique de radicaux phosphinoyle en utilisant le sel d'acridinium, le perchlorate de 9-mésityl-10-méthylacridinium connu sous le nom de catalyseur de Fukuzumi, en tant que photocatalyseur, et triflate de diphényliodonium comme photo-oxydant externe. Ce système purement organique nous a permis d'obtenir la première hydrophosphinylation sans métal des alcènes. Plusieurs enquêtes mécaniques, telles que la résonance paramagnétique électronique (EPR), la photolyse laser, la fluorescence et les quantum yields measurements ont été utilisées pour comprendre les facteurs qui régissent cette photoréaction.Dans le chapitre suivant, la formation de complexes Electron-Donor-Acceptor (EDA) entre les oxydes de phosphine secondaires et l'ion diphényliodonium a été utilisée pour générer un radical phosphinoyle sous irradiation bleue. Des études expérimentales et théoriques combinées ont été utilisées pour élucider la formation de complexes d'EDA. Cette stratégie a ensuite été utilisée pour décrire l'hydrophosphinylation des alcènes.Le dernier chapitre rapporte une méthode légère sans métal pour la synthèse d'oxindoles phosphorylés, qui sont des composés pharmaceutiques potentiellement actifs. La portée et les limites de cette approche ont été discutées avec des enquêtes mécanistiques préliminaires
This Thesis reports three complimentary modes of activation for the generation of phosphorus based radicals, which have been employed for the synthesis of organophosphorus compounds.We have first described a photocatalytic generation phosphinoyl radicals by using the acridinium salt, 9-mesityl-10-methylacridinium perchlorate known as Fukuzumi’ catalyst, as a photocatalyst and diphenyliodonium triflate as an external photooxidant. This purely organic system allowed us to achieve the first metal–free hydrophosphinylation of alkenes. Several mechanistic investigations, such as Electron Paramagnetic Resonance (EPR), Laser Flash Photolysis, fluorescence quenching and quantum yields measurements have been employed to understand factors governing this photoreaction.In the subsequent chapter, the formation of Electron–Donor–Acceptor complexes (EDA) between secondary phosphine oxides and the diphenyliodonium ion has been used to generate phosphinoyl radical under blue irradiation. A combined experimental and theoretical investigations have been used to elucidate the formation of EDA complexes. This strategy has then been employed to describe hydrophosphinylation of alkenes.The last chapter reports a metal–free visible light mild method for the synthesis of phosphorylated oxindoles, which are potentially active pharmaceutical compounds. Scope and limitations of this approach have been discussed along with preliminary mechanistic investigations
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Pilari, Sabine [Verfasser]. "Novel approaches to mechanistic pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic modeling : lumping of PBPK models and systems biology / Sabine Pilari." Berlin : Freie Universität Berlin, 2011. http://d-nb.info/1025551605/34.

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Walpole, Emily H. "Communicating Climate Adaptation: A Mechanistic and Audience-Based Investigation of Message Framing Approaches for Climate-Exacerbated Hazards." The Ohio State University, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1563383189022141.

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Lischik, Colin [Verfasser], and Joachim [Akademischer Betreuer] Wittbrodt. "Combining in vivo imaging and mechanistic approaches to investigate Wnt regulation of retinal stem cells / Colin Lischik ; Betreuer: Joachim Wittbrodt." Heidelberg : Universitätsbibliothek Heidelberg, 2019. http://d-nb.info/118744572X/34.

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Lischik, Colin Q. [Verfasser], and Joachim [Akademischer Betreuer] Wittbrodt. "Combining in vivo imaging and mechanistic approaches to investigate Wnt regulation of retinal stem cells / Colin Lischik ; Betreuer: Joachim Wittbrodt." Heidelberg : Universitätsbibliothek Heidelberg, 2019. http://d-nb.info/118744572X/34.

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Mustapha, Lateef Abimbola, and Lateef Abimbola Mustapha. "Thermo-Mechanical Characterization and Interfacial Thermal Resistance Studies of Chemically Modified Carbon Nanotube Thermal Interface Material - Experimental and Mechanistic Approaches." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/625379.

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Effective application of thermal interface materials (TIM) sandwiched between silicon and a heat spreader in a microelectronic package for improved heat dissipation is studied through thermal and mechanical characterization of high thermally conductive carbon nanotubes (CNTs) integrated into eutectic gallium indium liquid metal (LM) wetting matrix. Thermal conductivity data from Infrared microscopy tool reveals the dependence of experimental factors such as matrix types, TIM contacting interfaces, orientation of CNTs and wetting of CNTs in the matrix on the thermal behavior of TIM composite. Observed generalized trend on LM-CNT TIM shows progressive decrease in effective thermal conductivity with increasing CNT volume fractions. Further thermal characterizations LM-CNT TIM however show over 2x increase in effective thermal conductivity over conventional polymer TIMs (i.e. TIM from silicone oil matrix) but fails to meet 10x improvement expected. Poor wetting of CNT with LM matrix is hypothesized to hinder thermal improvement of LM-CNT TIM composite. Thus, wetting enhancement technique through electro-wetting and liquid crystal (LC) based matrix proposed to enhance CNT-CNT contact in LM-CNT TIM results in thermal conductivity improvement of 40 to 50% with introduction of voltage gradient of 2 to 24 volts on LM-CNT TIM sample with 0.1 to 1 percent CNT volume fractions over non voltage LM-CNT TIM test samples. Key findings through this study show that voltage tests on LC- CNT TIM can cause increased CNT-CNT networks resulting in 5x increase in thermal conductivity over non voltage LC-CNT TIM and over 2x improvement over silicone-CNT TIMs. Validation of LM wetting of CNT hypothesis further shows that wetting and interface adhesion mechanisms are not the only factors required to improve thermal performance of LM-CNT TIM. Anisotropic characteristic of thermal conductivity of randomly dispersed CNTs is a major factor causing lower thermal performance of LM-CNTs TIM composite. Other factors resulting in LM-CNT TIM decreasing thermal conductivity with increasing CNT loading are (i) Lack of CNT-CNT network due to large difference in surface tension and mass density between CNTs and LM in TIM composite (ii) Structural stability of MWCNT and small MFP of phonons in ~5um MWCNTs compared to the system resulted in phonon scattering with reduced heat flow (iii) CNT percolation threshold limit not reached owing to thermal shielding due to CNT tube interfacial thermal resistance. While mixture analytical models employed are able to predict thermal behaviors consistent with CNT-CNT network and CNT- polymer matrix contact phenomenon, these models are not equipped to predict thermo-chemical attributes of CNTs in LM-CNT TIM. Extent of LM-CNT wetting and LM-solid surface interfacial contact impacts on interfacial thermal resistance are investigated through LM contact angle, XPS/AES and SEM-EDX analyses on Au/Ni and Ni coated copper surfaces. Contact angle measurements in the range of 120o at both 55oC and 125oC show non wetting of LM on CNT, Au and Ni surfaces. Interface reactive wetting elemental composition of 21 days aged LM on Au/Ni and Ni surfaces reveals Ga dissolution in Au and Ni diffusion of ~0.32um in Au which are not present for similar analysis of 1 day LM on Au/Ni surface. Formation of Au-Ni-Ga IMC and IMC-oxide iono-covalency occurrence at the interface causes reduction in surface tension and reduction in interfacial contact resistance.
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Mazloomi, Zahra. "New approaches to perfluoroalkylation of aromatic compounds, and tailor-made catalysts for C-X bond forming and water oxidation reactions. Mechanistic insights." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/450517.

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Aquesta tesis esta dividida en dos parts: la primer part es va realizar a l’Institut Català d’Invstigació Química (ICIQ) desde 2012 fins a 2015, aquesta part tracta sobre la perfluoroalquilació de substrats aromatics i inclou dos projectes principals. L’objectiu del primer projecte era la producción en flux continu de CuCF3 com a reactiu trifluorometilat i la confirmació de la seva eficacia en la trifluorometilacio de diversos halurs aromatics, els quals van ser tractats amb CuCF3 i es van convertir selectivament en composotos trifluorometilats. En el segon projecte, l’objectiu era transformar diferents halurs vinílics a anàlegs trifluorometilats i pentafluoroetilats emprant els reactius nucleòfils CuCF3 i CuC2F5, el quals ja havien estat utilitzats prèviament en el mateix grup. La segona part s’ha dut a terme a la Universitat Rovira i Virgili (URV) a partir de 2015 fins al 2017. Aquesta part tracta sobre diferents reaccions catalítiques de formació d’enllaços C-X i estudis mecanístics sobre d’aquestes. Aquesta part conté 4 projectes d’investigació. Tres d’ells tracten sobre la síntesi i l’aplicació en varies reaccions catalítiques de gran rellevància de diversos complexes de carbens anormals amb Ir (I), Ir (III) i Ru (II). Aquests catalitzadors altament eficaços s’han aplicat amb èxit en la hidrogenació per transferència d’enllaços C = O, C = N i C = C, també en la deshidrogenació d’alcohols i l’oxidació amb aigua. L’últim projecte tracta sobre la formació catalítica asimètrica d’enllaços C-C amb una nova i versàtil lligandoteca de lligands P-N quirals. Tots els objectius d’aquesta segona part de la tesis s’han realitzat amb èxit. En resum, en aquesta tesis s’ha realitzat diverses transformacions químiques importants, totes elles de gran interès en la formació de productes farmacèutics, agroquímics, naturals i de química fina y en ala producció d’energia neta. El treball realitzat en aquesta tesis conté aspectes fonamentals de la química i des del punt de vista química i industrial, existeix una gran demanda en el desenvolupament i millora de tots els processos mencionats.
Esta tesis está dividida en dos partes: la primera parte se realizó en el Instituto Catalán de Investigación Química (ICIQ) desde 2012 hasta 2015, esta parte trata sobre la perfluoroalquilación de sustratos aromáticos e incluye dos proyectos principales. El objetivo del primer proyecto era la producción en flujo continuo de CuCF3 como reactivo trifluorometilado y la confirmación de su eficacia en la trifluorometilación de algunos haluros aromáticos, los cuales fueron tratados con CuCF3 y se convirtieron selectivamente en compuestos trifluorometilados. En el segundo proyecto, el objetivo era transformar varios haluros vinílicos a análogos trifluorometilados y pentafluoroetilados usando los reactivos nucleófilos CuCF3 y CuC2F5, los cuales habían sido utilizados previamente en el mismo grupo. La segunda parte se ha llevado a cabo en la Universidad de Rovira i Virgili (URV) a partir de 2015 hasta 2017. Esta parte trata sobre diferentes reacciones catalíticas de formación de enlaces C-X y estudios mecanísticos sobre de estas. Esta parte contiene 4 proyectos de investigación. Tres de ellos tratan sobre la síntesis y aplicación en varias reacciones catalíticas de gran relevancia de varios complejos de carbeno anormales con Ir (I), Ir (III) y Ru (II). Estos catalizadores altamente eficaces se aplicaron con éxito en la hidrogenación por transferencia de enlaces C = O, C = N y C = C, también en la deshidrogenación de alcoholes y la oxidación con agua. El último proyecto trata sobre la formación catalítica asimétrica de enlaces C-C con una nueva y versátil biblioteca de ligandos P-N quirales. Todos los objetivos de la segunda parte de la tesis se realizaron con éxito. En resumen, en esta tesis se han realizado diversas transformaciones químicas importantes, todas ellas de gran interés en la formación de productos farmacéuticos, agroquímicos, naturales, de química fina y en la producción de energía limpia. El trabajo hecho en esta tesis contiene aspectos fundamentales de la química y desde el punto de vista químico e industrial existe una gran demanda en el desarrollo y mejora de los procesos mencionados.
This dissertation divided into two main parts: the first part which had been done from 2012 until 2015 in Institute of chemical research of Catalonia (ICIQ) is about perfluoroalkylation of aromatic substrate including two main works. In the first project the goal was continuous flow production of CuCF3 as a trifluoromethylated reagent and confirming its efficiency in trifluoromethylation of some aromatic halides which were treated with batch made CuCF3 reagent and selectively converted to trifluoromethylated conterparts. In the second project the target was transforming several vinylic halides to trifluoromethylated and pentafluoroethylated analoges with nucleophilic CuCF3 and CuC2F5 reagents which were demonstrated previously in the same group. The later part has been carried out in the University of Rovira I Virgili (URV) from 2015 until 2017. Generally this part is about different catalytic C-X bond forming reactions with mechanistic insights which contains 4 research projects. Three of them are about synthesis and catalytic application of several Ir(I), Ir(III) and Ru(II) abnormal carbene complexes in several important and challenging catalytic reactions. These highly efficient catalysts successfully applied in transfer hydrogenation of C=O, C=N and C=C functionalities, alcohol dehydrogenation and water oxidation. The last project is asymmetric catalytic formation of C-C bond with a new and versatile chiral P-N ligand library. All of the objectives for the second part of thesis were performed successfully. In conclusion, various important chemical transformation were made in this thesis which all of them are vital in pharmaceuticals, agrochemicals, fine and natural products and the production of clean energy. The total works in this thesis are so important in chemistry and there is a huge demand about developing and improving the mentioned processes from the chemical and industrial point of view.
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Books on the topic "Mechanistic Approaches"

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Korshin, Gregory V. Modeling DBP formation kinetics: Mechanistic and spectroscopic approaches. Denver, CO: AWWA Research Foundation, 2004.

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1942-, Langenbach Robert, Elmore Eugene, and Barrett J. Carl, eds. Tumor promoters: Biological approaches for mechanistic studies and assay systems. New York: Raven Press, 1988.

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Blank, Martin, and Eugene Findl, eds. Mechanistic Approaches to Interactions of Electric and Electromagnetic Fields with Living Systems. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-1968-7.

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Tedder, John M. Basic organic chemistry: A mechanistic approach. 2nd ed. Chichester: J. Wiley, 1987.

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Barber, Stanley A. Soil nutrient bioavailability: A mechanistic approach. 2nd ed. New York: Wiley, 1995.

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A mechanistic approach to plankton ecology. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 2008.

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Kiørboe, Thomas. A mechanistic approach to plankton ecology. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 2008.

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Kiørboe, Thomas. A mechanistic approach to plankton ecology. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 2008.

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Torssell, Kurt. Natural product chemistry: A mechanistic, biosynthetic, and ecological approach. 2nd ed. Stockholm: Apotekarsocieteten, Swedish Pharmaceutical Society, 1997.

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Kelly, David Patrick. Pentlandite exsolution in the Fe-Ni-S system: A mechanistic approach to pentlandite/pyrrhotite ore textures. Birmingham: University of Aston. Department of Geological Sciences, 1985.

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Book chapters on the topic "Mechanistic Approaches"

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Calderhead, Ben, Michael Epstein, Lucia Sivilotti, and Mark Girolami. "Bayesian Approaches for Mechanistic Ion Channel Modeling." In Methods in Molecular Biology, 247–72. Totowa, NJ: Humana Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-62703-450-0_13.

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Kimber, I. "Newer Approaches to the Evaluation of Sensitization Phenomena." In Use of Mechanistic Information in Risk Assessment, 87–94. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-78640-2_10.

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Dewasme, Laurent, Philippe Bogaerts, and Alain Vande Wouwer. "Monitoring of Bioprocesses: Mechanistic and Data-Driven Approaches." In Computational Intelligence Techniques for Bioprocess Modelling, Supervision and Control, 57–97. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-01888-6_3.

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Ehsani, Sepehr. "New Horizons in Studying the Cellular Mechanisms of Alzheimer’s Disease." In Future of Business and Finance, 51–88. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-99838-7_4.

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AbstractFollowing an analysis of the state of investigations and clinical outcomes in the Alzheimer’s research field, I argue that the widely accepted ‘amyloid cascade’ mechanistic explanation of Alzheimer’s disease appears to be fundamentally incomplete. In this context, I propose that a framework termed ‘principled mechanism’ (PM) can help remedy this problem. First, using a series of five ‘tests’, PM systematically compares different components of a given mechanistic explanation against a paradigmatic set of criteria and hints at various ways of making the mechanistic explanation more ‘complete’. I will demonstrate these steps using the amyloid explanation, highlighting its missing or problematic mechanistic elements. Second, PM makes an appeal for the discovery and application of ‘biological principles’ that approximate ceteris paribus generalisations or laws and are operative at the level of a biological cell. Although thermodynamic, evolutionary, ecological and other laws or principles from chemistry and the broader life sciences could inform them, biological principles should be considered ontologically unique. These principles could augment different facets of the mechanistic explanation but also allow further independent nomological explanation of the phenomenon. Whilst this overall strategy can be complementary to certain ‘new mechanist’ approaches, an important distinction of the PM framework is its equal attention to the explanatory utility of biological principles. Lastly, I detail two hypothetical biological principles and show how they could each inform and improve the potentially incomplete mechanistic aspects of the amyloid explanation and how they could provide independent explanations for the cellular features associated with Alzheimer’s disease.
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Singh, Thakur Uttam, Madhu Cholenahalli Lingaraju, Govind Garg, Meemansha Sharma, Subhashree Parida, and Dinesh Kumar. "Phytocompounds-Based Approaches to Combat Oxidative Stress in Cancer." In Handbook of Oxidative Stress in Cancer: Mechanistic Aspects, 1–15. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-4501-6_132-2.

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Singh, Thakur Uttam, Madhu Cholenahalli Lingaraju, Govind Garg, Meemansha Sharma, and Subhashree Parida. "Phytocompounds-Based Approaches to Combat Oxidative Stress in Cancer." In Handbook of Oxidative Stress in Cancer: Mechanistic Aspects, 1–15. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-4501-6_132-1.

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Singh, Thakur Uttam, Madhu Cholenahalli Lingaraju, Govind Garg, Meemansha Sharma, Subhashree Parida, and Dinesh Kumar. "Phytocompounds-Based Approaches to Combat Oxidative Stress in Cancer." In Handbook of Oxidative Stress in Cancer: Mechanistic Aspects, 2073–87. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-9411-3_132.

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Baev, Konstantin V. "Limitations of Analytical Mechanistic Approaches to Biological Neural Networks." In Biological Neural Networks: Hierarchical Concept of Brain Function, 7–47. Boston, MA: Birkhäuser Boston, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-4100-3_2.

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Pichler, Franz, and Martin Cifrain. "Application-Related Battery Modelling: From Empirical to Mechanistic Approaches." In Automotive Battery Technology, 53–69. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-02523-0_4.

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Ventura, Célia, Vukosava Torres, Luís Vieira, Bruno Gomes, António Sebastião Rodrigues, José Rueff, Deborah Penque, and Maria João Silva. "New “Omics” Approaches as Tools to Explore Mechanistic Nanotoxicology." In Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, 179–94. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-88071-2_8.

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Conference papers on the topic "Mechanistic Approaches"

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Araya, A. A., M. Huurman, and A. A. A. Molenaar. "Integrating Traditional Characterization Techniques in Mechanistic Pavement Design Approaches." In First Congress of Transportation and Development Institute (TDI). Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/41167(398)57.

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Kuo, Tzu-Chi, Adam Schmitt, Arash Nowbahar, Daniel Miller, Decai Yu, Heather Wiles, Kathryn Grzesiak, et al. "Mechanistic Approaches to Break Water-in-Crude Oil Emulsions." In 2022 AOCS Annual Meeting & Expo. American Oil Chemists' Society (AOCS), 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.21748/qcje2805.

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Water-in-oil emulsions are commonly unavoidable and undesirable in the production, transportation, and refining of petroleum and related products. The emulsions are stabilized by a variety of surface-active compounds found in crude oil such as natural surfactants and fine mineral particles. A critical step in the processing of crude oil is to break the interfacial film formed at the oil/water interface to enable the coalescence and separation of water from oil. Demulsifiers are commonly used to promote the water removal process. However, the effectiveness of a demulsifier varies greatly due to the oil sources, water content, and processing. This presentation will describe our research efforts on breaking water-in-oil emulsions focusing on water-in-oil interfacial properties that govern emulsion stability and demulsification. Fundamental studies were done to understand the effect of selected additives on the interfacial behaviors using molecular and dissipative particle dynamics simulations, and microfluidics. The modeling and empirical results show that the effectiveness of an additive is correlated inversely to the coalescence time of two water droplets.
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Walubita, Lubinda F., Amy Epps Martin, Charles Glover, Sung Hoon Jung, Gregory Cleveland, and Robert L. Lytton. "Fatigue Characterization of HMAC Mixtures Using Mechanistic Empirical and Calibrated Mechanistic Approaches Including the Effects of Aging." In R. Lytton Symposium on Mechanics of Flexible Pavements. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/40825(185)11.

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Rudel, Ruthann A., Janet M. Ackerman, Megan R. Schwarzman, and Julia G. Brody. "Abstract 5742: Identifying likely breast carcinogens using complementary mechanistic approaches." In Proceedings: AACR Annual Meeting 2017; April 1-5, 2017; Washington, DC. American Association for Cancer Research, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.am2017-5742.

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Carrigy, Nicholas B., Lu Liang, Hui Wang, Sam Kariuki, Tobi E. Nagel, Ian F. Connerton, and Reinhard Vehring. "Mechanistic modeling expedites the development of spray dried biologics." In 21st International Drying Symposium. Valencia: Universitat Politècnica València, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/ids2018.2018.7472.

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Spray drying can be used to extend the shelf life of biologics stored at ambient temperature. Empirical and statistical design of experiments approaches typically require a relatively large number of experiments to determine suitable formulation and spray drying process parameters. An alternative approach, which may require fewer experiments, is to use mechanistic models to select these parameters. In this paper, mechanistic models are applied to develop a bacteriophage powder expected to have long-term physical stability at ambient temperature. The developed powder may be useful for decreasing incidences of foodborne illness in Kenya.Keywords: bacteriophage powder; glass transition temperature; supplemented phase diagram; spray drying; stability.
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Leto, Simonetta Maria, Francesco Sassi, Giorgia Migliardi, Eugenia Zanella, Irene Catalano, Andrea Bertotti, and Livio Trusolino. "Abstract B43: HER2-amplified gastric and colorectal cancers: Mechanistic insights into HER2 targeting approaches." In Abstracts: AACR Precision Medicine Series: Drug Sensitivity and Resistance: Improving Cancer Therapy; June 18-21, 2014; Orlando, FL. American Association for Cancer Research, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1557-3265.pms14-b43.

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Oforiwaa, Priscilla Obeng, Liang Manchun, and Su Guofeng. "System Modelling Approach of Radionuclide Soil-to-Plant Transfer for Nuclear Emergencies Decision; Case Study - China." In 2021 28th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone28-60416.

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Abstract Nuclear Energy Development is gradually gaining root in the energy mix of the Chinese society. It is quite evident to develop all possible emergency evaluation situation in the event of nuclear energy. Nuclear Emergency falls under the relative serious emergency incident grades according to the degree of social harm done and the extent of repercussions and other factors. This paper illustrates system modelling predictions of the transfer of radiocesium from soil-to-plant during nuclear emergency. Planned discharges of radionuclides are passed by mathematical models that can be used as tools to evaluate the effective ways of countermeasure actions in an event of an emergency. The empirical approach often associates with considerably uncertainty due to the large variability in the transfer factor The mechanistic approach also presents complexities and a large amount of specific parameters makes this approach impractical for nuclear emergency preparedness and response purposes. The semi-mechanistic approach factorizes more soil and plant parameters than the empirical approach. Therefore, it is applicable to a wider range of environmental conditions. The nuclear emergency adapts the parameterization of the Absalom model which is sufficiently robust and practical, hence fit more for the purpose of planning and responding to nuclear emergencies as compared to the empirical and mechanistic approaches.
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Bertheloot, Jessica, Paul-Henry Cournède, and Bruno Andrieu. "Nitrogen Acquisition and Utilization by Crops: Review of Different Approaches and Proposition of a Mechanistic Modeling." In 2009 Third International Symposium on Plant Growth Modeling, Simulation, Visualization and Applications (PMA). IEEE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/pma.2009.68.

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Barua, Bipul, Subhasish Mohanty, Saurindranath Majumdar, and Krishnamurti Natesan. "Implementation and Validation of a Fully Mechanistic Fatigue Modeling Approach in a High Performance Computing Framework." In ASME 2019 Pressure Vessels & Piping Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2019-93954.

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Abstract Current approaches of fatigue evaluation of nuclear reactor components or other safety critical structural systems use S∼N curve based empirical relations which may have large uncertainty. This uncertainty may be reduced by using a more mechanistic approach. In the proposed mechanistic approach, material models are developed based on the evolution of material behavior under uniaxial fatigue experiments and implement those models into 3D finite element (FE) calculations for fatigue evaluation under multiaxial loading. However, this approach requires simulating structures under thousands of fatigue cycles which necessitates the use of high performance computing (HPC) to determine fatigue life of a large component/system within reasonable time frame. Speeding up the FE simulation of large systems requires the use of a higher number of cores, which is extremely costly, particularly when a commercial FE code is used. Also, commercial software is not necessarily optimized for use in an HPC environment. In this work, an open source parallel computing solver along with a multi-core cluster is used to scale up the number of cores. The HPC-based mechanistic fatigue modeling framework is validated through evaluating fatigue life of a pressurized water reactor surge line pipe under idealistic loading cycles and comparing the simulation results with observations from uniaxial fatigue experiment of 316 stainless steel specimen.
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Mohaghegh, Zahra, Mohammad Modarres, and Aris Christou. "Physics-Based Common Cause Failure Modeling in Probabilistic Risk Analysis: A Mechanistic Perspective." In ASME 2011 Power Conference collocated with JSME ICOPE 2011. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/power2011-55324.

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The modeling of dependent failures, specifically Common Cause Failures (CCFs), is one of the most important topics in Probabilistic Risk Analysis (PRA). Currently, CCFs are treated using parametric methods, which are based on historical failure events. Instead of utilizing these existing data-driven approaches, this paper proposes using physics-based CCF modeling which refers to the incorporation of underlying physical failure mechanisms into risk models so that the root causes of dependencies can be “explicitly” included. This requires building a theoretical foundation for the integration of Probabilistic Physics-Of-Failure (PPOF) models into PRA in a way that the interactions of failure mechanisms and, ultimately, the dependencies between the multiple component failures are depicted. To achieve this goal, this paper highlights the following methodological steps (1) modeling the individual failure mechanisms (e.g. fatigue and wear) of two dependent components, (2) applying a mechanistic approach to deterministically model the interactions of their failure mechanisms, (3) utilizing probabilistic sciences (e.g. uncertainty modeling, Bayesian analysis) in order to make the model of interactions probabilistic, and (4) developing appropriate modeling techniques to link the physics-based CCF models to the system-level PRA. The proposed approach is beneficial for (a) reducing CCF occurrence in currently operating plants and (b) modeling CCFs for plants in the design stage.
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Reports on the topic "Mechanistic Approaches"

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Ramakrishnan, Aravind, Ashraf Alrajhi, Egemen Okte, Hasan Ozer, and Imad Al-Qadi. Truck-Platooning Impacts on Flexible Pavements: Experimental and Mechanistic Approaches. Illinois Center for Transportation, November 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.36501/0197-9191/21-038.

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Truck platoons are expected to improve safety and reduce fuel consumption. However, their use is projected to accelerate pavement damage due to channelized-load application (lack of wander) and potentially reduced duration between truck-loading applications (reduced rest period). The effect of wander on pavement damage is well documented, while relatively few studies are available on the effect of rest period on pavement permanent deformation. Therefore, the main objective of this study was to quantify the impact of rest period theoretically, using a numerical method, and experimentally, using laboratory testing. A 3-D finite-element (FE) pavement model was developed and run to quantify the effect of rest period. Strain recovery and accumulation were predicted by fitting Gaussian mixture models to the strain values computed from the FE model. The effect of rest period was found to be insignificant for truck spacing greater than 10 ft. An experimental program was conducted, and several asphalt concrete (AC) mixes were considered at various stress levels, temperatures, and rest periods. Test results showed that AC deformation increased with rest period, irrespective of AC-mix type, stress level, and/or temperature. This observation was attributed to a well-documented hardening–relaxation mechanism, which occurs during AC plastic deformation. Hence, experimental and FE-model results are conflicting due to modeling AC as a viscoelastic and the difference in the loading mechanism. A shift model was developed by extending the time–temperature superposition concept to incorporate rest period, using the experimental data. The shift factors were used to compute the equivalent number of cycles for various platoon scenarios (truck spacings or rest period). The shift model was implemented in AASHTOware pavement mechanic–empirical design (PMED) guidelines for the calculation of rutting using equivalent number of cycles.
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Kyprianou, Natasha, and Haining Zhu. Biomarker Discovery and Mechanistic Studies of Prostate Cancer Using Targeted Proteomic Approaches. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, July 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada561372.

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Kyprianou, Natasha. Biomarker Discovery and Mechanistic Studies of Prostate Cancer Using Targeted Proteomic Approaches. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, July 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada581284.

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Zhu, Haining. Biomarker Discovery and Mechanistic Studies of Prostate Cancer using Targeted Proteomic Approaches. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, July 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada581392.

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Kyprianou, Natasha. Biomarker Discovery and Mechanistic Studies of Prostate Cancer Using Targeted Proteomic Approaches. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, July 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada545702.

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Perdigão, Rui A. P. Earth System Dynamic Intelligence with Quantum Technologies: Seeing the “Invisible”, Predicting the “Unpredictable” in a Critically Changing World. Meteoceanics, October 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.46337/211028.

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We hereby embark on a frontier journey articulating two of our flagship programs – “Earth System Dynamic Intelligence” and “Quantum Information Technologies in the Earth Sciences” – to take the pulse of our planet and discern its manifold complexity in a critically changing world. Going beyond the traditional stochastic-dynamic, information-theoretic, artificial intelligence, mechanistic and hybrid approaches to information and complexity, the underlying fundamental science ignites disruptive developments empowering complex problem solving across frontier natural, social and technical geosciences. Taking aim at complex multiscale planetary problems, the roles of our flagships are put into evidence in different contexts, ranging from I) Interdisciplinary analytics, model design and dynamic prediction of hydro-climatic and broader geophysical criticalities and extremes across multiple spatiotemporal scales; to II) Sensing the pulse of our planet and detecting early warning signs of geophysical phenomena from Space with our Meteoceanics QITES Constellation, at the interface between our latest developments in non-linear dynamics and emerging quantum technologies.
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Perdigão, Rui A. P. Earth System Dynamic Intelligence - ESDI. Meteoceanics, April 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.46337/esdi.210414.

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Earth System Dynamic Intelligence (ESDI) entails developing and making innovative use of emerging concepts and pathways in mathematical geophysics, Earth System Dynamics, and information technologies to sense, monitor, harness, analyze, model and fundamentally unveil dynamic understanding across the natural, social and technical geosciences, including the associated manifold multiscale multidomain processes, interactions and complexity, along with the associated predictability and uncertainty dynamics. The ESDI Flagship initiative ignites the development, discussion and cross-fertilization of novel theoretical insights, methodological developments and geophysical applications across interdisciplinary mathematical, geophysical and information technological approaches towards a cross-cutting, mathematically sound, physically consistent, socially conscious and operationally effective Earth System Dynamic Intelligence. Going beyond the well established stochastic-dynamic, information-theoretic, artificial intelligence, mechanistic and hybrid techniques, ESDI paves the way to exploratory and disruptive developments along emerging information physical intelligence pathways, and bridges fundamental and operational complex problem solving across frontier natural, social and technical geosciences. Overall, the ESDI Flagship breeds a nascent field and community where methodological ingenuity and natural process understanding come together to shed light onto fundamental theoretical aspects to build innovative methodologies, products and services to tackle real-world challenges facing our planet.
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Dickman, Martin B., and Oded Yarden. Pathogenicity and Sclerotial Development of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum: Involvement of Oxalic Acid and Chitin Synthesis. United States Department of Agriculture, September 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/1995.7571357.bard.

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Sclerotinia sclerotiorum (Lib.) de Bary is among the world's most successful and omnivorous fungal plant pathogens. Included in the nearly 400 species of plants reported as hosts to this fungus are canola, alfalfa, soybean, sunflower, dry bean and potato. The general inability to develop resistant germplasm with these economically important crops to this pathogen has focused attention on the need for a more detailed examination of the pathogenic determinants involved in disease development. A mechanistic understanding of the successful strategy(ies) used by S. sclerotiorum in colonizing host plants and their linkage to fungal development may provide targets and/or novel approaches with which to design resistant crop plants. This proposal involved experiments which were successful in generating genetically-engineered plants harboring resistance to S. sclerotiorum, the establishment and improvement of molecular tools for the study of this pathogen and the analysis of the linkage between pathogenicity, sclerotial morphogenesis and two biosynthetic pathways: oxalic acid production and chitin synthesis. The highly collaborative project has improved our understanding of S. sclerotiorum pathogenicity, established reliable molecular techniques to facilitate experimental manipilation and generated transgenic plants which are resistant to this econimically important fungus.
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Carey, James William, and Hari S. Viswanathan. Mechanistic Approach to Analyzing and Improving Unconventional Hydrocarbon Production. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), March 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1499305.

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Viswanathan, Hari S., and James William Carey. Mechanistic Approach to Analyzing and Improving Unconventional Hydrocarbon Production. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), March 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1499309.

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