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RAO, CONGJUN, YONG ZHAO, and YANG CHEN. "OPTIMAL MULTI-ATTRIBUTE AUCTIONS FOR DIVISIBLE GOODS." International Journal of Information Technology & Decision Making 10, no. 05 (September 2011): 891–911. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219622011004622.
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In this paper, the problem of multi-attribute procurement auction of divisible goods is investigated, and an optimal mechanism of multi-attribute auction, which enables negotiation on several attributes in addition to the price of a divisible good, is designed. First, several important assumptions of multi-attribute procurement auctions of divisible goods are given, and the buyer's utility function and the supplier's utility function are defined. Then, a set of sufficient conditions for feasible multi-attribute auction mechanism are given. Based on these conditions, an optimal model of multi-attribute procurement auction whose goal is to maximize the buyer's expected utility, is established. By solving this model, the optimal allocation strategies are obtained. Third, the properties of the optimal multi-attribute auction are discussed. Finally, a multi-attribute auction example about the steam coal procurement is given to show how to implement the optimal multi-attribute auction mechanism.
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Mitropan, Tetyana Konstantinovna. "CONSIDERATION OF MODELS AND MECHANISMS OF PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION OF PROCUREMENT OF GOODS, WORKS AND SERVICES IN CONSTRUCTION IN UKRAINE." UKRAINIAN ASSEMBLY OF DOCTORS OF SCIENCES IN PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION 1, no. 13 (August 27, 2018): 131–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.31618/vadnd.v1i13.141.
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The article presents the questions of reviewing models and mechanisms of public administration in the procurement of goods, works and services in the field of construction. A comparative analysis of the types of public procurement mechanisms in construction, based on a set of features, has shown the superiority of a centralized type of mechanism that facilitates the introduction of efficient and flexible procurement methods, for example, the conclusion of framework agreements. The author’s vision of the mechanism of state building purchases, in the form of a conceptual model and system differences, is proposed. It is determined that a decentralized model of public procurement management involves the independent implementation by purchasers of procurement, that is, allows each customer to procure goods, works and services in the field of construction. The centralized model of public administration is characterized by the implementation of public procurement in order to provide the general needs of a single body on public procurement, that is, customers commission the implementation of public procurement on their behalf, a centralized body. According to the combined model of management, public procurement in the construction industry takes place under contracts implemented under the centralized model, and the direct ordering and receipt of goods, works, or services takes place according to the rules of a decentralized model. It is noted that according to the system-wide understanding of the mechanism of public administration in the procurement of goods, works and services in the field of construction, it represents a set of specialized management technologies (methods, techniques and tools) that ensure the organization of the process of public procurement of construction products by authorized agents. The direction of this process is determined by the need to implement the principles of vali- dity and innovation, fair choice of the best bidding, prevention of corruption and ensuring the high efficiency of the implementation of public public procurement.
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Sompa, Andi Tenri. "Procurement Mechanism of Goods and Regional Government Services in Accordance with the Principle of Good Governance in Banjarbaru." RUDN Journal of Political Science 21, no. 4 (December 15, 2019): 706–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.22363/2313-1438-2019-21-4-706-717.
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The procurement of goods and services by the regional government is part of the principle of regional autonomy implementation. However, one should be aware that the practice of regional autonomy is vulnerable to abuse of authority. Thus, it is necessary to implement the principle of Good Governance in order to establish the limits of authority. The article aims at describing the mechanism of procurement of goods and services by local governments in accordance with the standards of good governance. A qualitative approach is used in the research. Data collection is conducted in three steps, namely: observation, interview, and documentation. The Miles and Huberman model of data analysis is used in order to achieve accuracy of information in the presentation of narrative texts. The author carries out the data validity test by means of careful and continuous observation, as well as triangulation. The research shows that the regional government in the face of the Banjarbaru City Procurement Services Unit (ULP) has generally been abiding by the principle of Good Governance in terms of transparency, accountability, efficiency and effectiveness (stipulated in Presidential Regulation No. 54 of 2010 and its amendments). However, several obstacles still exist, the main ones being: 1) human resources, which greatly affect the work of the state system, representing the largest risk; 2) the dependence on information technology in the implementation of goods and services procurement, which is carried out using online features ( e-procurement ); 3) the deficiency of budget, needed to guarantee network quality and internet security in Banjarbaru City ULP, 4) incomplete procurement proposal documents.
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Tantyo, M. Gian. "Penanggulangan Tindak Pidana Korupsi, Kolusi Dan Nepotisme Dalam Pengadaan Barang Dan Jasa Pemerintah Di Provinsi Lampung." Corruptio 1, no. 2 (November 10, 2020): 97. http://dx.doi.org/10.25041/corruptio.v1i2.2098.
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Government Goods and Services Procurement is a government spending mechanism that plays an important role in the utilization of the state budget. Government Goods and Services Procurement involves a very large amount of money, so the government is referred to as the biggest buyer in the country. In practice, in general the implementation of procurement of good / services of Government construction often results in problems, including violations both of the procedures for procurement of construction goods/services with improper conspiracy and violations that are detrimental to the State or related to criminal acts of corruption committed by construction goods/service procurement organization.The results of this study ultimately provide the answer that the causes of corruption, collusion and nepotism in the procurement of government goods and services in Lampung Province are 1) Very large funds poured out to turn the project into a powerful tempter to invite corruptors, 2) Large amount of data it turned out that it was complemented by the administration of unclear and closed government project plans. While efforts to tackle corruption, collusion and nepotism in the procurement of government goods and services in Lampung Province include: a) Preventive measures, in the form of: Supervision and Electronic Procurement (E-Procurenment) and b) Repressive Actions, namely: law enforcement with the application of law strict criminal sanctions.Suggestion from this research is that it should be formulated clearly about criminal liability in the implementation of government goods and services procurement of goods and services providers as well as on authorized officials in the implementation of government goods and services procurementGovernment Goods and Services Procurement is a government spending mechanism that plays an important role in the utilization of the state budget. Government Goods and Services Procurement involves a very large amount of money, so the government is referred to as the biggest buyer in the country. In practice, in general the implementation of procurement of good / services of Government construction often results in problems, including violations both of the procedures for procurement of construction goods/services with improper conspiracy and violations that are detrimental to the State or related to criminal acts of corruption committed by construction goods/service procurement organization.The results of this study ultimately provide the answer that the causes of corruption, collusion and nepotism in the procurement of government goods and services in Lampung Province are 1) Very large funds poured out to turn the project into a powerful tempter to invite corruptors, 2) Large amount of data it turned out that it was complemented by the administration of unclear and closed government project plans. While efforts to tackle corruption, collusion and nepotism in the procurement of government goods and services in Lampung Province include: a) Preventive measures, in the form of: Supervision and Electronic Procurement (E-Procurenment) and b) Repressive Actions, namely: law enforcement with the application of law strict criminal sanctions.Suggestion from this research is that it should be formulated clearly about criminal liability in the implementation of government goods and services procurement of goods and services providers as well as on authorized officials in the implementation of government goods and services procurement
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Chen, Zhong Wen. "Optimal Bidding Decision of Bidders in Homogeneous Goods Procurement." Applied Mechanics and Materials 415 (September 2013): 726–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.415.726.
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In this paper, a uniform price auction mechanism for procuring homogeneous divisible goods is studied, and both nonlinear bidding strategy and linear bidding strategy of symmetric bidders are analyzed. And then the dominant relationship is discussed deeply between the two kinds of equilibrium bids. The results show that the nonlinear equilibrium bidding strategy dominates linear ones. Based on this analysis, several suggestions are given on how to make optimal decision making on bidding strategy choice for bidders.
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Listiyanto, Apri. "PEMBAHARUAN REGULASI PENGADAAN BARANG DAN JASA PEMERINTAH." Jurnal Rechts Vinding: Media Pembinaan Hukum Nasional 1, no. 1 (April 30, 2012): 113. http://dx.doi.org/10.33331/rechtsvinding.v1i1.109.
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<p>Pengadaan barang dan jasa secara ideal bertujuan untuk menjamin efisiensi, transparansi, dan keadilan dalam pelaksanaan kegiatan pembangunan oleh pemerintah. Dalam praktik, pelaksanaan pengadaan barang/jasa masih banyak sekadar memenuhi kewajiban administratif tanpa mempedulikan aspek substantifnya. Tulisan ini akan membahas ten tang pembenahan regulasi di bidang pengadaan barang dan jasa. Melalui penelitian yuridis normatif, penelitian ini menemukan regulasi terkait dengan pengadaan barang dan jasa memiliki kelemahan, khususnya berkaitan dengan mekanisme pelaksanaan pengadaan barang/jasa. Untuk mengatasi permasalahan tersebut, maka mekanisme kerja, tradisi, dan perilaku birokrasi yang berpotensi menghambat terwujudnya pemerintahan yang bersih, pembaharuan peraturan perlu disesuaikan agar fleksibilitas pengadaan barang dan jasa memenuhi kebutuhan pemerintah dan sekaligus menghindari ditabraknya prinsip pengadaan yang ada. Disamping itu perlu pula adanya pembenahan terhadap regulasi di bidang Pengadaan Barang dan Jasa, yaitu dari Peraturan Presiden diubah menjadi Undang-Undang.</p><p>Procurement of goods and services are ideally aimed at ensuring efficiency, transparency and fairness in the implementation of development activities by the government. In practice, the implementation of the procurement of goods / services are still a lot just to meet the administrative duties regardless of the substantive aspects. This paper will discuss the reform of regulation in the field of public procurement. Through normative juridical research, this study found the regulations related to procurement of goods and services have drawbacks, particularly with regard to the implementation mechanisms of goods / services. To address these concerns, the mechanism of action, traditions, and bureaucratic behavior that could potentially hinder the realization of good governance, regulatory reform needs to be adjusted so that the flexibility of the procurement of goods and services meet the needs of government and at the same time avoiding existing procurement principles. Besides, it also needs a revamping of the regulation in the areas of Procurement, which is converted to the President of the Regulations Act.</p>
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Yusri, Yusri. "Pengadaan Barang dan Jasa Pemerintah." Media Ilmiah Teknik Sipil 5, no. 2 (June 1, 2017): 81–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.33084/mits.v5i2.269.
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Procurement of goods and services is needed. Mechanism for the implementation of Procurement of Goods / Services, namely through self-management and / or selection of goods / services providers. Self-management is a work that is planned, done and supervised by the institution itself, where in its implementation it can be carried out by PPK, other government agencies or community groups / NGO grant recipients, while for the selection of providers of goods / services can be through: public auctions, simple auctions, direct appointments , contests / contests, direct elections, limited auctions, direct procurement. Principles in the procurement of government goods / services include principles of efficiency, effective principles, principles of transparency, open principles, competing principles, principles of fairness / non-discrimination and principles of accountability. While ethics that must be obeyed include carrying out duties in an orderly manner, full of sense of responsibility, for the smooth and accurate achievement of the objectives of procuring goods / services, working professionally by upholding honesty, independence, and keeping information confidential, not directly influencing or indirect results resulting in unfair competition, a decrease in the quality of the procurement process. Responsible for all decisions determined in accordance with their authority, preventing the occurrence of conflict of interest of parties involved directly or indirectly in the procurement process. Prevent financial leaks and losses. In the implementation of procurement of goods and services, it should not blame authority and carry out joint activities with the aim of personal gain, class, or other parties directly or indirectly, not accepting, offering and or promising to give gifts, rewards, or anything to anyone what is known or deserves to be suspected related to the procurement of goods / services.
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Rao, Congjun, Yong Zhao, and Shihua Ma. "Procurement decision making mechanism of divisible goods based on multi-attribute auction." Electronic Commerce Research and Applications 11, no. 4 (July 2012): 397–406. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.elerap.2012.05.001.
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Sugiharti, Dewi Kania, Muhammad Ziaurahman, and Sechabudin Sechabudin. "TANGGUNGJAWAB REKTOR SEBAGAI KPA DALAM PENGELOLAAN KEUANGAN PERGURUAN TINGGI NEGERI YANG MENYELENGGARAKAN PENGELOLAAN KEUANGAN BADAN LAYANAN UMUM (PTN PK-BLU)." Jurnal Hukum dan Peradilan 2, no. 3 (April 23, 2018): 427. http://dx.doi.org/10.25216/jhp.2.3.2013.427-448.
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Universities that apply the concept of Public Service Agency (BLU - PK PTN ) in performing functions as an organ which is engaged in the service infrastructure support through goods or services . As an institution under the auspices of the government and the state budget receives PTN PK - BLU implement mechanisms to acquire goods or services in accordance with the law. However, the procurement process in obtaining goods or services sometimes poses problems that arise as a consequence of the passage of the procurement of goods or services involving the organs in it as PA / KPA , KDP , ULP , and Committee / Receiver Procurement Officer. Rector of the KPA in PK - BLU PTN has the authority to control the organs that carry out the process of procurement of goods / services in the environment . Errors in the procurement process of goods / services performed by the CO and the ULP / Procurement Officer causing state losses due to these errors, either due to negligence or unlawful acts. As the KPA in the process of procurement of goods / services Rector can control the organs in accordance with the authority given. The consequences are acceptable if the authorities ultimately the procurement of goods / services did not heed the warning Rector officials related procurement process of goods / services will receive sanctions. Keywords: Authorized Budget, Financial State.
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Gukasova, A., and S. Kiseleva. "DEVELOPMENT OF MODERN MECHANISM OF FORMATION OF GOVERNMENT PROCUREMENT FOR THE BENEFIT OF DEVELOPMENT OF EKOORIENTED PROCESSES." Vestnik Universiteta, no. 6 (June 27, 2019): 5–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.26425/1816-4277-2019-6-5-10.
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Procurement is a necessary component of the activities of each organization. Procurement should be holistic, reflect a systematic process, the purpose of which is with minimal effort and money in a timely manner to get all the goods, works and services, which are necessary for the organization. The article reveals the relevance and importance of the environmental component of tenders, analyzes the methods of procurement, provides recommendations in terms of non-price evaluation criteria, and offers options for the implementation of the environmental concept in Russia.
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Wibowo, Galih. "Better Procurement by Comparing the Behavior of Electronic and Non-Electronic Procurement." Case Studies in Business and Management 3, no. 2 (November 27, 2016): 146. http://dx.doi.org/10.5296/csbm.v3i2.10368.
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Paradigm of administrative change the procedures method of government procurement, particularly the open auction method through a pattern of electronic procurement (e-proc). However, the development of e-proc has not been applied to the direct procurement system to purchase the stuf of governmental or procurement goods. Direct Procurement system adheres to a slightly different mechanism with the concept of an open auction. This difference implies the actor behavior in both methods is different too. Studies comparing the behavior of the both actors / organizer on the electronic procurement (public tender) and non-electronic (direct procurement) was conducted to determine the level of performance of government procurement. The factors and impact each of the procurement methods have been studied for understanding advantages and disadvantages of each method, so that it can formulate better procurement models.
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Tannar, Oryza. "Analysis Risk Management of Procurement System Goods/Services (Study Case in PT. Perusahaan Listrik Negara (PERSERO." Journal of Economics, Business, and Government Challenges 2, no. 1 (June 19, 2019): 12–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.33005/ebgc.v2i1.62.
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Procurement is expected to be carried out effectively and efficiently with the principles of fair competition, transparent ,opened and fair treatment for all parties, in accordance with Peraturan Presiden Nomor 54 Tahun 2010 on Government Procurement is an activity to obtain goods and services by the Ministry/Institutions/Regional Working Units/other Institutions starting from the planning process needs to be disclosed all activities to obtain goods and services. As the development of an increasingly modern era, the government infrastructure was varied to keep track of and adapted to the needs of the government. The procurement of goods and services financed by the budget of revenues and expenditures country / region. This study focuses on government procurement of goods and services made in the area of PT. Perusahaan Listrik Negara (PERSERO) Distribusi Jawa Timur Area Pelayanan dan Jaringan Surabaya Selatan (PT. PLN Disjatim) by using the historical approach, sociological approach, institutional approaches, legal and political approach to development based on risk management. The data in this study were obtained by physical or direct data approach with several parties and employees concerned with the procurement of goods and services within the state electricity distribution company of the Eastern Java. The results of this study include the procurement of goods and services in the state electricity company disjatim generally been in accordance with the systems and mechanisms that have been defined in the Peraturan Presiden 54 Tahun 2010 on Government Procurement. However, once studied and reviewed more deeply there are some constraints and the presence of fraudulent behavior committed by the procurement committee and procurement participants and parties involved in the procurement of goods and services.
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Iyengar, Garud, and Anuj Kumar. "Optimal procurement mechanisms for divisible goods with capacitated suppliers." Review of Economic Design 12, no. 2 (May 17, 2008): 129–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10058-008-0046-7.
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***, Giotopoulos, Grigoris Pavlou, Svetoslav Danchev, and Aggelos Tsakanikas. "Public procurement reforms in greece: The impact of improved transparency on government expenditures." Journal of Public Procurement 15, no. 4 (March 1, 2015): 458–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jopp-15-04-2015-b003.
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During the recent economic crisis, public procurement reforms have received a great attention as a key mechanism that enables significant cost savings and improves transparency in the public sector, particularly in countries which are under a process of extensive fiscal consolidation like Greece. This paper examines the effects of improved transparency on public procurement cost in the light of the ongoing structural reforms taking place in Greece. The basic finding indicates that ensuring transparent practices in public procurement processes reduces government expenditures by about 1.8 - 3.4 percentage points. A dataset on 2309 public supply contracts for goods was used, supplementing the pooled OLS estimates with quantile regressions.
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Nepomnyashchyy, O. M., and T. K. Mitropan. "Foreign experience in risk management in the procurement of goods, works and services in the field of construction." Public administration aspects 6, no. 1-2 (March 31, 2018): 37–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.15421/1520185.
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In the article, with the help of theory and practice, the essence of foreign experience of risk management in the system of procurement of goods, works and services in the field of construction, its application content is disclosed. The main objectives of controlling purchases in the field of construction, which are provided with planning functions, are analyzed; analytical function; information function; coordination function. An important place is taken into assimilating of the different approaches to insurance of risks in the system of procurement of goods, works and services in the field of construction, differing in the degree of public participation. It is determined that the system of state purchases plays a strategic role in the construction sphere and promotes: modernization of infrastructure in the construction industry; creation of new methods and technologies of construction; housing and communal services development; improvement of personnel training, etc. It is stated that the achievement of the goals of organizing the procurement process in the construction and operation of facilities is based on the principles of openness and transparency of information contained in contracts for the procurement of construction services; provision of competition; professionalism of clients; stimulating innovation; harmony of contractual systems in the construction procurement field; realization of state and municipal needs. Changing the functions of the state in the complex conditions of development of the new economic system in one way or another affects all aspects of state participation in the economy, including in the construction sector. The state carries out the functions that their implementation is associated with significant material costs and is accompanied by mandatory costs for the purchase of certain types of construction goods, works and services.In general, the public procurement process is proposed to be seen as a mechanism by which countries allocate accumulated public funds to meet public needs and ensure the functioning of the country. The stimulating, innovative role of procurement in construction is manifested in the fact that the state, acting as a customer, is also the «first buyer» of new types of construction products and samples of experimental products in the field of construction, which have not, so far, been serial.
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As-Saber, Sharif, Wahed Waheduzzaman, and Shams Rahman. "Use of Social Media in the Public E-Procurement." International Journal of Electronic Government Research 16, no. 4 (October 2020): 113–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijegr.2020100107.
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This paper reports the results of a research project addressing governance issues in public e-procurement using social media technologies. A case study approach was adopted where Australian senior public service managers involved in public procurement were interviewed to assess the potential of using social media as a tool for enhancing efficiency, transparency, accountability, and responsiveness of the e-procurement system. In addition, a focused group discussion was held involving public officials and e-procurement experts for exploring in-depth insights into the topic. Despite acknowledging the potential benefits of using social media, most officials interviewed have expressed reservations including the security of data, the cost in managing opinions, the structure and mechanism of using social media, and the burden to handle multiple suppliers. These findings have implications for understanding the designs and potentials of using existing social media for enhancing good governance in public e-procurements.
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Toeba, Thato. "Corruption in Public Procurement in Lesotho." Law and Development Review 11, no. 2 (June 26, 2018): 397–431. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ldr-2018-0025.
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Abstract Public procurement refers to the acquisition of goods and services by government in order to facilitate the efficient operationalisation of the state machinery. Public procurement however extends beyond transactions to acquire commodities to “the relationship between the state and its suppliers, and between the state and the commodity transaction”. Global political hierarchies, with affluent democracies at the apex, play a dominant role in how states like Lesotho, with little political agency internationally buy and sell commodities and what terms and conditions attach to such transactions. This paper argues that the architecture of public procurement policy in Africa generally and Lesotho specifically is anchored in neoliberalism which emerged as the dominant economic theory globally after the end of World War II. Corruption which is critical in public procurement because of the huge quantities of commodities often being transacted and the volume of money involved in the procurement process. This creates substantial opportunities for public officials with the propensity to be corrupt because of the high profitability attached to these large procurements. According to the director of the Directorate on Corruption and Economic Offences (DCEO), public procurement in Lesotho is the most vulnerable area to corruption and public procurement cases form 99% of corruption cases handled by the DCEO in 2016. The paper argues that he most combative and dictatorial mechanism of the neoliberal approach to anti-corruption and public procurement policies in Lesotho is the lack of consideration for local contexts, particularly when such policies are adopted litereratim. The slow erosion of corruption, particularly in public procurement in Lesotho is testimony to the futility of neoliberal policies in the country. Officials often adopt neoliberal policies disingenuously and masquerade them as actual reform. Alternatively, policies are adopted to comply with foreign aid requisites or to guarantee Lesotho’s place in global trade. At close inspection, the public procurement legal regime reveals weaknesses which are antithetical to the enthusiastic anti-corruption narratives that the Lesotho government performs to appease donors. Political agents in Lesotho often condemn corruption and reiterate a commitment to corruption-free procurement processes, however, overt corruption that permeates all sectors in the country contradicts this narrative. This paper provides an appraisal of the Public Procurement Regulations of Lesotho as anchored in the neoliberal approach. It argues that the socio-political nuances in Lesotho are in fundamental conflict with the neoliberal theory, making legal enforcement of the regulations extremely difficult.
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Budi Yulianto, Arief. "UPAYA KEBERATAN DALAM PENGADAAN BARANG/JASA PEMERINTAH DIKAITKAN DENGAN PRINSIP DALAM GOVERNMENT PROCUREMENT AGREEMENT." Veritas et Justitia 3, no. 1 (June 3, 2017): 195. http://dx.doi.org/10.25123/vej.2530.
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<p><em>The Government Procurement Agreement (GPA)</em><em>, as part of agreements made within the purview of the World</em><em> Trade Organization (WTO)</em><em>, </em><em>opens up the doors for foreign businesses to enter the</em><em> domestic </em><em>market of government procurement</em><em> (goods/services). Indonesia at present does not yet signed the GPA but decided to become an observer instead. Consequently, the government decides to harmonize its national laws regulating government procurement mechanism or procedure with the international standard (GPA). This article shows that there still exist a huge difference in how the national law regulates the public auction procedure (complaints, challenges and dispute resolution mechanism) with the GPA, which is used as a reference. This situation should be dealt with should Indonesia decides to sign and ratify the GPA.</em></p>
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Pochynok, Nataliia, Volodymyr Muravskyi, and Volodymyr Farion. "Implementation of electronic communications in accounting of public procurement." Technology audit and production reserves 4, no. 4(60) (July 31, 2021): 6–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.15587/2706-5448.2021.238858.
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The object of research is the public procurement system in terms of accounting for the processes of buying (selling) goods (works, services) using electronic communications. A problematic aspect of modern electronic public procurement platforms is the lack of information support for accounting, control and taxation functions. In the context of the development of innovative computer and communication technologies, it becomes possible to integrate various electronic services and electronic communications into the public procurement system in order to automate accounting processes. In the process of studying the prospects for the implementation of a system of public communications with expanded functional capabilities, general scientific empirical, logical and historical methodological methods of cognition of reality were used. The theoretical and methodological aspects of improving the accounting of public procurement in the context of the formation of an innovative electronic platform for business communications were studied on the basis of institutional and innovative methods of scientific research. The paper proposes to place electronic contracts at the heart of the business communications system. A procedure has been developed for business interaction between participants in electronic trading through the mechanism for concluding and executing electronic contracts for the purchase (sale) of goods (works, services). Based on the creation of a system of electronic contracts, it is possible to form a database of credentials. The expediency of using accounting information for the automated implementation of public procurement accounting procedures has been substantiated. The methodology for accounting for the occurrence and repayment of accounts payable and receivable for purchased (sold) goods (works, services), charging and paying taxes and fees, electronic money transactions in various currencies, electronic money and cryptocurrency, the occurrence of credit obligations, calculating the amount of bad debts has been improved. The implementation of a public procurement system with expanded functionality will facilitate the establishment of effective business communications with contractors, the integration of disparate electronic services into a single system. As well as minimizing costs in the process of electronic trading, automating the processing of primary information, optimizing accounting and management processes at the enterprise.
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TKACHENKO, Nataliya. "TRANSFORMATION OF PUBLIC PROCUREMENT IN UKRAINE." Economy of Ukraine 2018, no. 9 (October 5, 2018): 123–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/economyukr.2018.09.123.
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One of the mechanisms to ensure the public and state needs in goods, works and services is procurement, the principles of which are based on openness, transparency and efficiency. In various periods, rules of procurement in public sector of the economy were changed by regulatory and legal acts. Performance indicators of procurement (such as level of competition, share of competitive purchases and share of canceled bids) were being changed as well. Low performance indicators of procurement have caused negative consequences for the development of the national economy. Continued application of competitive methods of implementation remains unchanged in the evolution of procurement. The latest trend in procurement processes is their automation, which greatly increases the level of openness, but does not solve the problems of timely and high-quality satisfaction of needs in public and the state procurement. Development of procurement in public sector of the economy, depending on state of procurement legal regulation in 2000-2017, is studied. Structure of public procurement, dynamics of canceled trades and structure of the value of concluded contracts by sources of financing and methods of procurement are analyzed. Comparative characteristic of Ukrainian legislation on procurement by various criteria is carried out in the scientific literature. Assessment of the current system of electronic public procurement is controversial in scientific circles. The stages of formation and development of procurement of goods, works and services are determined on the basis of evolution of procurement legal regulations. Dynamics of the main indicators of procurement is analyzed as well. The author used the method of retrospective analysis and statistical analysis methods based on data published by the State Statistics Service of Ukraine, the analytic module of the Prozorro electronic system, reports of international organizations and the Accounting Chamber of Ukraine.
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Ponomarenko, Natalia, Christina Voznyakovska, and Julia Nemish. "Features of using the electronic system ProZorro in public procurement in Ukraine: problems and ways to overcome them." Problems of Innovation and Investment Development, no. 25 (June 30, 2021): 100–113. http://dx.doi.org/10.33813/2224-1213.25.2021.11.
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Summary The purpose of the article is to study the problematic aspects of the functioning of the electronic public procurement system ProZorro in Ukraine and to develop proposals for minimizing abuses in the field of tender procedures. Research methods: The article uses general scientific research methods, in particular: synthesis analysis – in the study of scientific literature and determining the features of the electronic public procurement system ProZorro; economic and statistical analysis and comparison – with indicators of public procurement in Ukraine; generalization – when developing recommendations for minimizing abuses in the field of public procurement within the electronic system ProZorro. Scientific novelty: is to determine the main mechanisms of abuse in the field of public procurement in order to obtain illegal benefits: the fragmentation of contracts and the development of sub-threshold trade procedures and justification of ways to minimize them. In particular, in the article It is substantiated that non-competitive tender offers carry high corruption risks and lead to inflated prices for the supply of goods, services and works. It is proposed to amend the Law of Ukraine «On Public Procurement» in order to prohibit the conclusion of additional agreements after the tender; prohibition to change the conditions of the tender and tender documentation after the announcement of tenders; prohibitions to combine goods into one lot and set maximum payment terms for delivered goods for more than 30 calendar days. Conclusions: The study concludes that the electronic public procurement system ProZorro has a positive impact on the development of public procurement in Ukraine, as it increases the transparency of bidding and tender procedures, expands opportunities for participation in tenders of small and medium-sized businesses and more. However, shortcomings, first of all, in the law enforcement and judicial system of Ukraine are caused by frequent cases of corruption schemes in the public procurement system both within the ProZorro system and outside it. Elimination of corruption schemes in the public procurement system is possible subject to amendments to the Law of Ukraine «On Public Procurement». Keywords: public procurement, ProZorro, tender, tender offer, electronic bidding, competitive and non-competitive procedures.
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Liewarnata, Hari, Bahrullah Akbar, Murtir Jeddawi, and Sampara Lukman. "The Implementation of the Government Goods and Services Procurement Policy at the General Hospital of Sanggau Regency West Kalimantan Province." Journal of Public Administration and Governance 9, no. 2 (July 3, 2019): 325. http://dx.doi.org/10.5296/jpag.v9i2.14323.
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This study is associated with the implementation of the government goods and services procurement policy at the General Hospital of Sanggau Regency, West Kalimantan Province. In this case, the procurement refers to the procurement causing legal problems namely the procurement of surgical medical devices in fiscal year 2014. The theoretical structure of the research consists of the grand theory (government science), middle range theory (public policy theory), and applied theory (the implementation theory of Van Meter and Van Horn Public Policies). This study was employed qualitative research approach. In addition, the secondary data collection was carried out by using library research. Meanwhile, the primary data collection was conducted by applying interview techniques and observation that involved 10 research informants determined by purposive sampling technique. The results of this study were analyzed by the researcher by entailing six variables of Van Meter and Van Horn. The results of this study indicated that there was an alleged criminalization by Government Internal Supervisory Apparatus (GISA) through the results of an audit on the procurement of surgical medical devices at the General Hospital of Sanggau regency in fiscal year 2014. Basically, the reason why the GISA stipulated the State losses is due to the emergence of an indication of a conspiracy among auction participants referring to the explanation of article 83, paragraph (1) the letter e on Presidential Regulation No. 70 Year 2012, without involving Procurement Service Unit (PSU) and/or the working groups of PSU, including the existence of contract value differences with the real value of provider purchases and VAT. The cause of the criminalization of the GISA audit results raising legal problems is presumably resulted from the fact that the audit carried out by GISA was not based on the GISA audit standards. Moreover it was not objective and unprofessional. The results demonstrated that the state losses determined by GISA were grounded on 1) the misinterpretation on the conspiracy indications in the explanation of article 83 paragraph (1), the letter e, Presidential Regulation No. 70 Year 2012 carried out by GISA; 2) incorrect assumptions which are not in accordance with the facts conveyed by GISA in the treatise of the audit results used as the basis for determining state losses; 3) GISA does not understand the mechanism and system for implementing procurement stipulated by the Government in which it should be carried out electronically/(e-procurement); 4) State Loss Calculation Method performed by GISA by finding out the difference between the value of the contract and the real value of the purchase of the provider based on the incorrect interpretation regarding the indications of conspiracy in the explanation of the article 83 paragraph (1) the letter e, Presidential Regulation No. 70 Year 2012. As a result, the State losses that GISA's stipulated become baseless; 5) The existence of the alleged GISA audit is carried out based on emotions, subjectivity, motives and certain interests. The researcher proposes several suggestions and the "SO&R by hari" model that can be analyzed by using 1 dimension/variable (variable policy standard, objective & resources) on new concepts obtained by the researcher regarding the Implementation of Government Goods and Services Procurement Policy, which is a simplification and refinement of the Van Meter and Van Horn theories on Public Policy Implementation, and a new framework which is specific and focused on the research related to government goods and services procurement.
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Ioda, Elena V. "ANALYSIS OF THE EVALUATION OF EFFECTIVENESS OF THE MUNICIPAL-LEVEL CONTRACT SYSTEM IN THE REGION." Vestnik of Samara University. Economics and Management 11, no. 3 (November 4, 2020): 35–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.18287/2542-0461-2020-11-3-35-48.
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One of the main concepts of the Federal Law of 05.04.2013 № 44-FL «On the contract system in the procurement of goods, works, services for the provision of state and municipal needs» is the contract system in the procurement of goods, works, services for the provision of state and municipal needs. The paper explored the theoretic and methodological and regulatory aspects of functioning of the contract system in Russia; the organization of assessment of effectiveness of the contract system at the municipal level in the region has been analyzed; possible ways to improve the mechanism for assessing the contract system at the municipal level have been identified and substantiated. At present, systems for evaluating the effectiveness of their work are of particular importance in the process of customer organization. The task of such a system is to make the work of state bodies more open and understandable for citizens, to reflect the professional qualities of a staff member, to create a well-established scheme of turnover of state budget funds. The authors evaluated and analysed the effectiveness of the contract system on the example of a particular municipality in the region and developed tools and techniques to improve the mechanism for assessing the effectiveness of the contract system; tools for determining the effectiveness of the contract system at the municipal level have been established. The qualitative work on the implementation of the procurement efficiency assessment system will enable all the principles of the contract system established by the law to be implemented and to achieve the high professionalism of customers.
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Arifin, Zainal, Agus Suman, and Moh Khusaini. "Countertrade Mechanism of Global Arms Trade: Case Study of Indonesia." International Journal of Financial Research 11, no. 1 (October 10, 2019): 307. http://dx.doi.org/10.5430/ijfr.v11n1p307.
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A strong national defense system serve to maintain the nation's honor such as creating peace, security, and sovereignty and becomes an effective instrument for bargaining position in relations between nations so that it has broad impacts, including impacts on economic aspects. The research approach used is a qualitative approach. This type of research is a systematic review research. Likewise, the defense industry of a country reflects the economic strength of its country, because in carrying out the defense function, the defense industry has a very important role, including in holding the national Main Tool of the Armament System. However, now not all defense equipment can be produced by the domestic defense industry, so some defense equipment must still be held in cooperation with foreign countries. Law No. 16 of 2012 concerning the Defense Industry mandates that procurement of defense equipment from abroad be permitted if it fulfills several requirements, including trade returns, local content, and offset. Counter trade is one of the mechanisms of cooperation that has been carried out by Indonesia. This mechanism allows reciprocal trade between two countries by buying goods from abroad with payment in the form of goods worth the goods imported. So it is important to analyze the potential for economic improvement for Indonesia that is generated by the mechanism of trade defense equipment from abroad, so that in conducting cooperation, Indonesia can benefit both in the short and long term.
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Wijayanto, Danang, Martin Roestamy, and Endeh Suhartini. "ASAS KEADILAN DALAM SUPLAI MAKAN TAHANAN KEPOLISIAN DAN LEMBAGA PEMASYARAKATAN DIHUBUNGKAN DENGAN UNDANG-UNDANG NOMOR 36 TAHUN 2009." JURNAL ILMIAH LIVING LAW 12, no. 1 (January 31, 2020): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.30997/jill.v12i1.2526.
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This study aims to find out and analyze the mechanism of procurement of food supplies, and the achievement of justice for prisoners of the Police and Penitentiary. The research method used in this study is normative juridical research. The results of this study are: 1) The mechanism of procurement of prisoner food supplies Police and Penitentiary, has sought to fulfill the right of prisoners to food in accordance with applicable standards and also Minister of Law and Human Rights regulations Number M.HH-01.PK.07.02 of 2009. This can be seen from timely food supply and is served three times a day by the Police and Penitentiary even though the menu presented is less varied when viewed from nutritional adequacy figures due to budget constraints, 2) Procurement of goods and services in the field of eating food of police and Penitentiary detainees to achieve justice, the authority of the Budget User Authority (KPA) during the process of auctioning prisoner food ingredients. So based on its authority, KPA has used its authority during the process of auctioning prisoner food ingredients, the legal arrangements for delays in obtaining prisoner food suppliers in the following fiscal year have no clear legal instruments so KPA has taken its own initiative in procuring prisoner food ingredients.
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Li, Cuihong. "Supplier Competition and Cost Reduction with Endogenous Information Asymmetry." Manufacturing & Service Operations Management 22, no. 5 (September 2020): 996–1010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1287/msom.2019.0784.
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Problem definition: We consider a buyer sourcing from multiple competing suppliers who exert cost-reduction efforts before procurement contracts are awarded. Academic/practical relevance: The supply chain is subject to the classic hold-up problem—as the lack of a contract commitment hinders suppliers’ incentives to make investment upfront—complicated with supplier competition. Methodology: With deterministic cost-reduction outcomes, suppliers will not exert any effort if this effort is observable, and a pure-strategy equilibrium does not exist if the effort is unobservable. We analyze the mixed-strategy equilibrium with unobservable supplier effort, in which suppliers randomize their efforts and the buyer designs an optimal procurement mechanism. Results: We show that the optimal procurement mechanism can be implemented by a conventional single-price reverse auction with a random reserve price. The mixed strategy of supplier effort generates endogenous information asymmetry on supplier costs that provides suppliers with information rent, which sustains their efforts. The endogenous information asymmetry improves effort efficiency (by inducing positive supplier effort), yet introduces trade inefficiency (by causing the possible failure of trade between the parties). Although increasing supplier competition (measured by the number of suppliers) hurts the effort efficiency, it improves trade efficiency. As a result, the buyer is always better off introducing supplier competition by including more than one supplier in the supply base. However, the desired supply base size (number of suppliers) depends on the product revenue: For high-margin goods, the optimal size is achieved with two suppliers, whereas for low-margin goods, a larger supply base is better for the buyer. We show that the result based on deterministic cost reduction can be established as a limit of the case when uncertainty in cost reduction exists and shrinks to null. Managerial implications: Our study helps to understand the impact of supplier competition when supply-chain parties deliberately make their actions unpredictable to avoid being held up. The findings provide managerial guidance on procurement auction and supply base designs.
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Konstantinidis, Nikitas. "Military conscription, external security, and income inequality: The missing link." Journal of Theoretical Politics 32, no. 2 (January 29, 2020): 312–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0951629819895595.
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This article seeks to analyze the political economy of military conscription policy and its relationship with a country’s external security environment. National security is modeled as a non-rivalrous and non-excludable public good, whose production technology consists of either centrally conscripted or competitively recruited military labor. Conscription is construed as an implicit discretionary tax on citizens’ labor endowment. Based on this, I propose a simple political economy model of pure public goods provision financed by two policy instruments: a lump-sum income tax and a conscription tax. Constraint optimization of a quasi-linear utility function gives rise to three general classes of preferences: high- and low-skilled citizens will prefer an all-volunteer army, albeit of different size, whereas medium-skilled citizens will favor positive levels of conscription. These derived preferences allow me to tease out an explicit relationship between military manpower procurement policy, a country’s level of external threat, and its pre-tax income inequality levels. One of my key findings is that more egalitarian countries are more likely to use conscription as a military manpower procurement mechanism.
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Ivanova, Albena. "Appeal of Public Procurement Procedures." International conference KNOWLEDGE-BASED ORGANIZATION 25, no. 2 (June 1, 2019): 135–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/kbo-2019-0069.
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Abstract Public Procurement is an important element of the Internal Market and a basic method of public spending and ensuring the free movement of goods, services and works by domestic and foreign companies. Through the adoption and implementation in the national legislation of the Member States of a package of Directives 2014, a new Public Procurement regime is settled. The purpose of the new Directives is to exclude the risk of giving national tenderers an advantage. There are a number of issues, including the kind of legal protection contractors can expect in Public Procurement procedures. This article analyses one of the mechanisms for controlling Public Procurement - their appeal. It relates to the judicial control exercised by the relevant national institutions in the Member States and the conditions and procedures for appeal that are governed by the national laws, once the Directives have been transposed into national legal systems. Despite a limited number of cases, the Court of Justice of EU (CJEU) also exercises judicial review within the context of a reference for a preliminary ruling, where a national court hearing an appeal against a Public Procurement procedure, has referred a question to the CJEU.
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Kosyan, N. G., and I. V. Mil'kina. "Blockchain in the public procurement system." E-Management 2, no. 1 (May 24, 2019): 33–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.26425/2658-3445-2019-1-33-41.
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Public procurement accounts for a significant share of the country's budget. It is impossible to solve the problem of effective budget spending without establishing a rational and transparent system of public procurement. On the basis of international practice, a system of public procurement has been developed and implemented in the Russian Federation. The relevance of the study of this article is determined by the fact, that a large-scale reform of the practice of public procurement is continued in Russia due to the fact that in January 2014 entered into force a new Federal law dated on April 5, 2013 № 44-FZ “On the contract system in the procurement of goods, works, services for state and municipal needs”. The contract system plays an important system-forming role in Russian society. A free and mutually beneficial economic treaty remains one of the main institutions of the market. For this reason the order of the state and separate types of legal entities forms ecosystem, in which all Russian business develops and under which adapts. One of the fundamental principles of the state procurement policy is the principle of increasing efficiency. Currently the trend of the development of the informal relations, the insufficient level of quality meet the requirements of the society. The existing institutional model of public procurement management in Moscow does not fully ensure in practice the reproduction of the necessary economic and social effects, focusing on economic. The problems of poor quality of procurement management in Moscow require a deep study and evaluation of the necessary level of efficiency of tools to improve economic and social relations in the public sector. The purpose of this article is to develop proposals for improving the mechanism of public procurement. The authors of the article consider the possibility of using blockchain in public procurement. The use of this technology will reduce the time spent on the processing of documentation, reduce the degree of corruption in the process of public procurement, by creating reputational lists available to all participants in this process. In addition, the use of a smart contract allows to minimize the number of intermediaries in the conclusion of public contracts.
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Bonis, Valeria De, and Alessandro Gandolfo. "Pre-commercial Procurement and the Marketing of Innovation: A New Innovation Policy Instrument or “Old Wine in New Bottles”?" International Journal of Marketing Studies 10, no. 4 (November 24, 2018): 39. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/ijms.v10n4p39.
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We analyse the peculiarities of pre-commercial procurement (PCP) within the EU innovation policy kit, interpreting it as a risk-shifting mechanism. While most studies assume the point of view of the public procurer, we take the suppliers’ one, with a focus on SMEs. We conclude that PCP, operating in the phase of the specification of technical requirements, has the peculiar role of favouring a better match between supply and demand as for innovative goods and can allow exploiting the competitive advantages that SMEs display in the early phases of the technological process, if interpreted as an innovation-leaking process.
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Filippova, Tatiana Y., and Irina A. Kuzovleva. "Competitive Environment Assessment and the Contractor Selection Criteria for the State and Municipal Contracts Execution." Materials Science Forum 931 (September 2018): 1187–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.931.1187.
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The article deals with the competitive environment assessment in the investment and construction complex and specifics of the contract system implementation in the procurement of goods, works and services provided for state and municipal institutions. Being a key element in the state construction order implementation and assessing the level of competitiveness of the investment and construction complex enterprises, the contractual bidding mechanism acts as the basis for competitive relations, simultaneously legislating the main price criteria for the selection of contractors, which do not allow to objectively evaluate the applicants' ability to fulfill the conditions of the concluded contract in full.
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Zhyluk, Yahor, Daina Znotina, and Alena Lisichonak. "PROCUREMENT MANAGEMENT AS A CONDITION OF INCREASING THE COMPETITIVENESS OF AGRO-PROCESSING ENTERPRISES." ENVIRONMENT. TECHNOLOGIES. RESOURCES. Proceedings of the International Scientific and Practical Conference 1 (June 16, 2021): 268–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.17770/etr2021vol1.6654.
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The authors systematized approaches to the essence of the categories “product competitiveness”, “enterprise competitiveness”, “field competitiveness”, “regional competitiveness” and “country competitiveness”. The authors formulated the definition of competitiveness. The approaches to the classification of competitiveness factors are systematized. The authors’ classification of factors was developed. The authors have proved that the main factor in the competitiveness of enterprises is raw materials. Obtaining raw materials by the enterprise is carried out through procurement. Thus, the management of procurement of goods, having the largest share in the cost of the final product, is the main factor affecting the competitiveness of the enterprise. The authors have systematized approaches to characterizing the essence, goals and objectives of procurement management and to the classification of purchases. The authors’ definition of procurement management and the composition of its principles are proposed. The mechanisms of influence on the management of procurement and processing enterprises of the agro-industrial complex are investigated on the example of the open joint-stock company “Pukhovichi Plant of Grain Products” (Belarus). Possible ways to improve the procurement management of the studied organization are proposed. The recommendations proposed by the authors can be used by other organizations of the processing industry of the agro-industrial complex.
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Lăzăroiu, George, Luminița Ionescu, Cristian Uță, Iulian Hurloiu, Mihai Andronie, and Irina Dijmărescu. "Environmentally Responsible Behavior and Sustainability Policy Adoption in Green Public Procurement." Sustainability 12, no. 5 (March 9, 2020): 2110. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12052110.
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Research has identified that there is a paucity of reviews covering green public procurement (GPP) in terms of environmentally responsible behavior and sustainability policy adoption. Using, comprehensively, the most recent (2017–2020) and relevant (Web of Science- and Scopus-indexed) empirical sources, our paper fills the gap in the literature by focusing on the main developing streams of research, that is: How GPP drives the circular economy; GPP of construction and building materials; environmental and supply chain management measures in GPP; the procurement of sustainable innovation; environmental policy objectives of GPP as regards energy, pollution, carbon footprint, and climate change; GPP as an environmental policy mechanism for production and use of sustainable goods and services; and GPP as an integral component of sustainable development and performance. Further investigations can explore hot topics related to the role of GPP in the automated algorithmic decision-making processes taking place in data-driven smart sustainable cities because the harnessing, among other things, of sensing and computing technologies, network connectivity systems, and the Cognitive Internet of Things will fulfill the incessant exigencies of public administration.
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Bezdenezhnykh, Vyacheslav, Diana Arutiunian, and Elena Karanina. "Risks of interaction of participants in the labeling (chiping) of goods in order to counter counterfeiting." E3S Web of Conferences 164 (2020): 09009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202016409009.
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The importance of research is determined by the increasing need for identification and authentication of goods in order to ensure country economic resilience through counterfeit deterrence. In this article based on relationship practice of labelling (chipping) process participants, interest harmonization proposals for the participants are justified in order to prevent and deter counterfeit and falsified goods. The purpose of the work is to reduce the risks through improving interchain relationship between labelling (chipping) process participants in the fight against illegal trafficking in goods as a procurement mechanism of State economic resilience through considering the problems in relationship between chipping process participants and possible risks in the process of their communication, proposing measures to minimize risks in the interaction process of the participants and characterizing the measures proposed. The object of the research is technological methods of protection against counterfeit. The subject of the work is a relationship system of interest harmonization and communication improvement between producers using product chipping technology (RFID, Data Matrix), labelling operator, government and consumers during counterfeit and falsified good combat. Methodology: the study used general scientific methods of analysis and synthesis, a method of modeling and analogy, as well as a special statistical and economic method.
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Adebisi, Kolawole Shittu. "Challenges and Prospects of Implementing Procurement Law in a Developing Economy: An X-ray of Oyo State Procurement Law." European Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences 1, no. 1 (February 22, 2021): 33–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.24018/ejsocial.2021.1.1.12.
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Public procurement legislative reforms have proved to be a veritable economic development mechanism. This reform seeks to streamline, legalize and institutionalize public procurement practices in order to achieve the objectives of transparency, accountability, probity and anti-corruption. Using the Polytechnic Ibadan as a case-study, the paper X-ray some of the basic features and expectations of public procurement law regime. It observes that procurement law regime seeks to achieve the purpose of good governance through institutionalization of standard procurement practices. The data collection tool used was structured closed and open –ended questionnaires for the respondents who had been involved in the procurement process including survey of related literature on public procurement. In the course of testing the hypotheses, regression analysis was used to test the impact of public procurement in the execution of capital projects. The result of the findings reveals that Public Procurement Law had not made any significant impact on the execution of capital projects in the Polytechnic, Ibadan. The paper posits that if Nigeria nation must achieve the objectives of openness, transparency, probity, accountability and reduced corruption in line with global best governance institutional reform agenda, efforts should be intensified to deepen public procurement practices across all the government institutions.
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Wadi, Muhamad Ichsan, Rr Titiek Herawati, and L. Hamdani Husnan. "Causes of delays in budget absorption as the development of good governance on deconcentration and co-administration task budget (A case study at the work unit of DKP-NTB Province)." Indonesian Accounting Review 6, no. 2 (December 5, 2017): 171. http://dx.doi.org/10.14414/tiar.v6i2.1106.
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The objective of study is to determine the causes of delays in the absorption of De-concentration (Decon) and Co-administration Task (TP) budget at the level of Work Unit. In carrying out its function as an agent of the Ministry of Maritime Affairs and Fisheries (DKP). The Work Unit has developed operational plan, nevertheless it plan could not be followed up. Such condition surely has consequences on the budget absorption at the Work Unit. This study is a qualitative study using a case study approach. The study uses a holis-tic single case study. The results indicate that there are many obstacles encountered by the Work Unit in carrying out its daily activities related to budget absorption. The obstacles may be from internal factors and external factors. The strong intervention of principal in Decon and TP budget is a key issue of the external factor that makes the Work Unit unable to be consistent to the operational plan drawn up. Besides, the procurement of goods and services through the Procurement Services Unit is also an obstacle for the Work Unit in executing the work using tender mechanism. Other external factors are the mechanisms of Money Supply (UP) and the Change of Money Supply (GUP) that cause the Work Unit to get difficulty in setting up funds for activities. Meanwhile, the internal factors that con-strain the Work Unit are issues concerning Human Resources, Standard Operating Proce-dures and Performance Evaluation that have not been implemented well in the internal Work Unit. The theoretical implication of the study is the dominant intervention of the principal (central government) to the agent (Work Unit) is a resistance to the implementa-tion of the values of effectiveness and efficiency in the concept of good governance.
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Dementiev, A., A. Zolotareva, and A. Reus. "On Mechanisms of Realization of the Public Procurement of Construction Works (The Case of Road Const ruction)." Voprosy Ekonomiki, no. 12 (December 20, 2003): 68–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.32609/0042-8736-2003-12-68-80.
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The most important measures stimulating the increase of efficiency and effectiveness of budget expenditures on road construction are the improvement of pricing mechanisms and increasing efficiency of the procedures of government purchases of goods, works and services. The paper includes the analysis of main problems that arise in the process of government purchases and construction pricing with the reference to budget expenditure on road construction. It includes the review and analysis of international experience and possible measures of increasing the efficiency and effectiveness of government purchases and (road) construction pricing in Russia.
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Okhotsky, E. V. "Combating Corruption: the President of the Russian Federation Approved a New National Plan." Journal of Law and Administration, no. 3 (January 23, 2019): 90–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.24833/2073-8420-2018-3-48-90-98.
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Introduction. The article defnes the place and role of the institution of national anti-corruption planning in the context of the implementation of the state strategy to combat corruption practices, presents the main directions, principles, priorities and objectives of the new national anti-corruption plan, the main components of the mechanism of its implementation.Materials and methods. The scientifc and methodological basis of the this research is formed by the dialectical-materialistic concept of scientific analysis, a set of general scientifc and special methods of research of political, legal, social, moral and managerial aspects of the state strategy in the sphere of combating corruption.Results. The features of the content of the anticorruption powers of public authorities are presented; the nomenclature of innovative components of political, legal, economic, scientifc and educational initiatives of the state in the feld of combating corruption is presented; the main problems that should be paid attention to in the implementation of anticorruption measures under the national plan for the next three years are identifed. The issues of fighting elite corruption, de-offshorization of the economy, de-bureaucratization of management, optimization of the system of organization of tenders and auctions for procurement of goods and services for state and municipal needs, improving the effciency of legal, political and administrative mechanisms to combat corruption are also explored.Conclusion. The necessary generalizations and conclusions are made, some proposals are made to improve the existing anti-corruption mechanism in the Russian Federation.
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Coca, Estevan. "Food Procurement in Post-neoliberal Countries: Examples from South America." Agrarian South: Journal of Political Economy: A triannual Journal of Agrarian South Network and CARES 10, no. 2 (July 27, 2021): 275–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/22779760211032067.
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This article analyzes public food procurement policy as one of the characteristics of post-neoliberalism in South America, whereby food produced by family farmers and peasants is purchased by the state and then donated to low-income people and public-school students. Focusing on Brazil, Ecuador, and Paraguay, the study demonstrates how such experiences partly break the control that large agri-food corporations exert in the food systems of these countries. This occurs because public food procurement has created a new market opportunity for family farmers and peasants and has also functioned as a mechanism to combat hunger and promote democratized access to good food. Moreover, such initiatives can be understood as providing a possibility to re-spatialize food by promoting closer contact between food producers and consumers.
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Febrina, Rezmia. "Pengadaan secara Elektronik (LPSE) sebagai Usaha Pemerintah dalam Pencegahan Persekongkolan Tender menurut Undang-Undang Nomor 5 Tahun 1999." Melayunesia Law 1, no. 1 (December 1, 2017): 51. http://dx.doi.org/10.30652/mnl.v1i1.4503.
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Abstract In the implementation of the tender offer to be achieved the main goal is to provide equal opportunities for all bidders, resulting in the most affordable price with output/output optimal and effective manner. Through the mechanism of the tender offer as far as possible avoided the opportunity to perform a conspiracy between competitors, or between bidders with the auction organizers. In Article 3 of Presidential Decree No. 80 of 2003 regulating the Guidelines for Procurement of Government Goods/Services that in order to procure good/services shall be applied on various principles, among others Efficient, Effective, open and competitive, Transparent, Fair/non-discriminatory, and Accountable. Atmosphere of healthy competition should be created, and this atmosphere should begin to appear in the tendering process, a competitive tender procedure, open and not limited to providing opportunities for possible for participants who desire/interest in following the activities of procurement/tender.AbstrakDalam pelaksanaan penawaran tender tujuan utama yang ingin dicapai adalah memberikan kesempatan yang seimbang bagi semua penawar, sehingga menghasilkan harga yang paling murah dengan output/keluaran yang optimal dan berhasil guna. Melalui mekanisme penawaran tender sedapat mungkin dihindarkan kesempatan untuk melakukan konspirasi di antara para pesaing, atau antara penawar dengan panitia penyelenggara lelang. Dalam Pasal 3 Keppres No. 80 Tahun 2003 yang mengatur tentang Pedoman Pelaksanaan Pengadaan Barang/Jasa Pemerintah bahwa dalam rangka pengadaan barang/jasa wajib diterapkan berbagai prinsip, antara lain Efisiensi, Efektif, Terbuka dan bersaing, Transparan, Adil/tidak diskriminatif, serta Akuntabel. Suasana bersaing secara sehat harus diciptakan, dan suasana seperti ini harus mulai nampak dalam proses tender, prosedur tender yang kompetitif, terbuka dan tidak terbatas untuk memberikan peluang sebesar mungkin bagi para peserta yang berkeinginan/berminat mengikuti kegiatan pengadaan/tender.
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Tadelis, Steven, and Florian Zettelmeyer. "Information Disclosure as a Matching Mechanism: Theory and Evidence from a Field Experiment." American Economic Review 105, no. 2 (February 1, 2015): 886–905. http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/aer.20110753.
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Market outcomes depend on the quality of information available to its participants. We measure the effect of information disclosure on market outcomes using a large-scale field experiment that randomly discloses quality information in wholesale automobile auctions. We argue that buyers in this market are horizontally differentiated across cars that are vertically ranked by quality. This implies that information disclosure helps match heterogeneous buyers to cars of varying quality, causing both good and bad news to increase competition and revenues. The data confirm these hypotheses. These findings have implications for the design of other markets, including e-commerce, procurement auctions, and labor markets. (JEL C93, D44, D82, L15)
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Avinash, T., L. Appaji, C. Ramachandra, C. Ramesh, S. Prabha, and R. Chandran. "Road map to good quality childhood anti cancer procurement policy and mechanism of reporting of suspected sub-standard drugs." Pediatric Hematology Oncology Journal 4, no. 2 (2019): S19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.phoj.2019.08.051.
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Lundberg, Sofia, and Mats A. Bergman. "Tendering design when price and quality is uncertain." International Journal of Public Sector Management 30, no. 4 (May 8, 2017): 310–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijpsm-04-2016-0063.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to analyze how local and central authorities choose between lowest price and more complex scoring rules when they design supplier-selection mechanisms for public procurements. Five hypotheses are tested: a high level of cost uncertainty and highly non-verifiable quality makes the use of the lowest-price supplier-selection method less likely. Organizational habits and transaction-cost considerations influence the choice of mechanism. Strong quality concerns make complex rules more likely. Design/methodology/approach The analysis departures from normative theory (rational choice) and is based on the regression analysis and survey data comprising a gross sample of 40 contracting authorities and detailed information about 651 procurements. Findings More complex scoring rules are used more often when the authority is uncertain about costs and about delivered quality. Authority effects are also found to directly and indirectly influence the choice of supplier-selection method, suggesting that tendering design is partly driven by local habits and institutional inertia. Practical implications The authors argue that, from a normative point of view, lowest price is an adequate method when the degree of uncertainty is low, for example, because the procured products are standardized and since quality can be verified. When there is significant cost uncertainty, it is better to use the so-called economically most advantageous tender (EMAT) method. (Preferably this should be done by assigning monetary values to different quality levels.) If there is significant uncertainty concerning delivered quality, the contracting authority should retain a degree of discretion, so as to be able to reward good-quality performance in observable but non-verifiable quality dimensions; options to extend the contract and subjective assessments of quality are two possibilities. The main findings are that EMAT and more complex scoring rules are used more often when the contracting authorities report that they experience substantial uncertainty concerning delivered quality and actual costs and that these factors tend to decrease the weight given to price, in line with the predictions. However, the authors also find that this result is mainly driven by variations between authorities, rather than by between-products variation for the same authority. This is from a training of professionals and regulation perspective of policy relevance. Social implications Contract allocation based on habits rather than rational ground could implicate the waste of resources (tax payers money) as it adventures the matching of the preferences of the public sector (the objective, subject matter, of the procurement) and what the potential supplier offers in its tender. Originality/value Although the principles for supplier selection are regulated by law they give the contracting authority substantial freedom in designing the scoring rule and in choosing what quality criteria to use. The tension between different objectives and the more general question whether the choices made by authorities reflect rational decision making or institutional inertia together motivate the current study. While the design of the supplier-selection mechanism is an important consideration in procurement practice, it has attracted relatively little attention from the academic community.
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Чернякова, Светлана, and Svetlana Chernyakova. "Contract enforcement for the contract for government needs." Services in Russia and abroad 8, no. 9 (December 24, 2014): 195–206. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/10808.
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The article investigates the problems in the legal regulation of relations in the field of contract work for state needs. Served as the basis for studies, the Federal Law № 44-FZ "On the contract system in the procurement of goods, works and services for state and municipal needs", which significantly changes the procedure for determining the contractors for the contract to perform works for the needs of the Russian Federation and its subjects . An exhaustive list of the types of trades that can be divided according to the following criteria: possible involvement in the definition of contractor: competition may be open, closed, competition with limited participation and closed tender with limited participation; as the form of the auction for the legislator directly calls only closed auction; in the form of placement: unlike the competition, the auction is possible in electronic form, depending on the number of stages of the competition can be carried out in two stages (two-stage competition) auction is always one step. Described in detail is the mechanism of bidding and auctions, and the author focuses attention on the selection of contractors performing work of good quality and others. Main factors that enable customers of construction works to ensure proper quality refer to the possibility of establishing additional requirements for the qualification of the contractor, the ability to perform work due to specification, material and technical base. Described are general requirements for all participants of the state order.
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Buleev, I., N. Bryukhovetska, and O. Chorna. "Modernization of Industry through Import Substitution and Localization of Production in Mechanical Engineering." Economic Herald of the Donbas, no. 1 (63) (2021): 37–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.12958/1817-3772-2021-1(63)-37-51.
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It is substantiated that the revival of self-sufficiency of the economy and industry requires the outpacing growth of national engineering, improvement of mechanisms to stimulate development, one of which is the government's policy on import substitution, including measures to localize production. The world experience of introduction of localization measures is considered. The difficulties of implementing measures to localize production in Ukraine have been studied. The expediency of introduction of measures of the government concerning localization of manufacture of production of branch of mechanical engineering in the course of public purchases is proved. It is determined that the protectionist policy on the development of the industrial sector, in particular the localization of production, is currently practiced by almost all countries of the world, primarily developed ones. The localization of production is considered in the scientific community from two opposite positions: 1) as a protectionist measure that does not promote economic growth and hinders the free movement of goods and capital; 2) as a government measure to support the development of national producers. The draft amendments to the regulatory framework in import substitution policy are analyzed: 1) Draft resolution of the Cabinet of Ministers "Some issues of implementation of the pilot project on procurement of machinery in the field of mechanical engineering with a confirmed degree of localization" until December 31, 2021; 2) Draft amendments to the Law of Ukraine "On Public Procurement" to create the conditions for sustainable development and modernization of domestic industry. Given that Ukraine has signed a number of international free trade agreements, it has been proved that it is necessary to define and substantiate in more detail its own interests, protection of national and economic security, legality of amendments to the law and the possibility of their implementation in Ukrainian legislation. The hypothesis of fixing a special regime for Ukraine for a certain period of time and establishing norms of localization of production for public procurement is substantiated.
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Visvizi, Anna, Miltiadis D. Lytras, and Peiquan Jin. "Belt and Road Initiative (BRI): New Forms of International and Cross-Industry Collaboration for Sustainable Growth and Development." Sustainability 12, no. 1 (December 25, 2019): 193. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12010193.
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Building on the tradition, promises, and advances brought by the historical Silk Road, the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI), launched by the Chinese government in 2013, has a profound impact on international business and the established forms of international collaboration. Exploiting the advantages of liberalization of trade in goods, services, capital, and public procurement, BRI will benefit the Chinese economy. At the same time, it will prompt substantial changes in the field of international business, e.g., by means of fostering business to business (B2B) and peer to peer (P2P) collaboration. It will also influence patterns of Outward Foreign Direct Investment (OFDI). Geography plays a role in BRI; geopolitics is also in the cards. Given the profound implications BRI is likely to generate in the fields of businesses, economy, society, and politics, it is imperative to frame and streamline the discussion to identify the key mechanisms and causal relationships that it induces. This is precisely what this Special Issue sought to do.
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Tinangon, Cicilia, David Paul Elia Saerang, and Inggriani Elim. "ANALISIS PERHITUNGAN, PENCATATAN DAN PELAPORAN PAJAK PENGHASILAN PASAL 23 ATAS PENGADAAN BARANG DALAM HAL INI JASA PENYEWAAN BARANG BERAT PADA PT.WILLIAM MAKMUR PERKASA." ACCOUNTABILITY 4, no. 1 (June 30, 2015): 26. http://dx.doi.org/10.32400/ja.8409.4.1.2015.26-32.
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In running the government, a State must run the economy well. This affects the country for the prosperity of society development in order to achieve the objectives set by the State Act. One aspect in the implementation of the necessary development funding comes from tax revenue. The purpose of this study was to determine the mechanism of calculation, recording and reporting of Income Tax Article 23 on the procurement of goods in this respect rental services heavy loads PT.William Perkasa Makmur. The analysis method used in this research is descriptive analysis method. The results showed that as a company engaged in the field of contracting and rental of heavy equipment, PT. William Makmur Perkasa continue to provide tools that have the best quality and the weight to be able to sustain the work. The company realizes the development in this area both by the Government and private parties, seen also with the advent of the projects undertaken by the Government to prepare the facilities and infrastructure to support the development of the area, of course, which is a prerequisite for the entry of investors in investing. Laws and regulations on taxation applicable always changes the company should remain always pay attention to it. This is important so that it can determine the amount of income tax 23 in accordance with the existing rules.
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Svalova, Yu A., and G. N. Konnov. "Development of Competition in Russia in the Digital Economy." Russian competition law and economy, no. 3 (August 20, 2021): 36–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.47361/2542-0259-2020-3-23-36-43.
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The article discusses a number of problems and prospects for the development of competition in the context of the growing digitalization of the Russian economy. It is noted that the digital economy is becoming a relatively independent environment for the economic life of business entities. The reaction of the state, business and the population caused by the COVID-19 coronavirus pandemic served as a catalyst to accelerate the digitalization of the economy.Largely, this acceleration was due to the ineffectiveness of standard measures to combat the pandemic, which made it necessary to revise the “frame of reference” for the development of the economy as a whole, to adjust the traditional approaches to antimonopoly regulation.According to the authors, the modern economic policy of Russia should be aimed at preserving and developing domestic entrepreneurship interested in developing the national economic environment, using profits for the development of domestic markets.This approach creates the preconditions for the growth of a national socially responsible business focused on competing in foreign markets.To achieve this goal, it is necessary to update the existing legal instruments (including using the mechanism provided for by the National Plan for the Development of Competition in the Russian Federation) in the field of antimonopoly control, tariff regulation, public procurement in order to ensure the growth of the competitiveness of Russian goods (including services) in foreign markets.
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Beaudoin, Daniel, Luc LeBel, and Jean-Marc Frayret. "Tactical supply chain planning in the forest products industry through optimization and scenario-based analysis." Canadian Journal of Forest Research 37, no. 1 (January 1, 2007): 128–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/x06-223.
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A mixed integer programming model that aims at supporting the tactical wood procurement decisions of a multifacility company is presented. This model allows for wood exchanges between companies. Furthermore, the material flow through the supply chain is driven by both a demand to satisfy ("pull" strategy) and a market mechanism ("push" strategy), enabling the planner to take into consideration both wood freshness and the notion of quality linked to the age of harvested wood into log, chips, and end-product demands. An inability to consider alternative plans for implementation, and the difficulty of assessing the performance of these plans in an uncertain environment, are two shortcomings of the manual planning process. A planning process, based on human planner – decision support system interactions that allows a company to overcome these shortcomings is therefore presented. The process combines Monte Carlo methods and an anticipation mechanism that will, in the long term, enable the company to take into account equipment transportation costs. The proposed planning process leads to a multicriteria decision-making problem where the human planner has to select a plan to implement from a set of candidate plans. A hypothetical test case shows that it is possible to manage the wood flow from stump to end market in such a way as to preserve freshness and extract higher value from the logs processed in the mills. The test case also shows that the proposed planning process achieves an average profitability increase of 8.8% compared with an approach based on a deterministic model using average parameter values. Finally, a sensitivity analysis reveals that the accuracy of standing inventory on harvest blocks and the anticipated market conditions are the most important parameters to consider in selecting a good wood procurement plan.
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RUBAN, Olga Victorovna, Andrey Vladimirovich VOLOSHIN, Julia Jur'evna SUSLOVA, Nadezhda Vasilyevna ANANEVA, and Lubov Ivanovna PODACHINA. "Electronic Wholesale Services: Advantages and Promising Directions of Development." Journal of Advanced Research in Law and Economics 11, no. 4 (June 15, 2020): 1367. http://dx.doi.org/10.14505/jarle.v11.4(50).33.
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It has been demonstrated in the presented study that the use of services plays a key role in the formation of a new type of the competitive economy based on the information technology and involves the innovation of mutually beneficial commercial interactions. Qualitative and quantitative changes in the content, forms, and mechanism of the workflow management have been investigated in the aspect of the main trends in the development of the monetary relations. The search for the modern business technology predetermined the development of the electronic wholesale market and the possibility to improve the convenience of the service of doing business. The subjects of this sector of commodity circulation confirm the efficiency of the formation of economic relations in the segment of online trade services and the prospects of the electronic business.
The analysis of the electronic market trade workflow allowed to establish the main trends in its development, to identify the specifics of partnerships, their establishment, and the online implementation of trade procedures through the electronic document workflow.
As a result of the study, the authors have established the reasons for the increase in the number of participants of electronic marketplaces, changes in the commodity structure in the corporate procurement sector, the mechanism for reducing purchase prices through electronic auction, and the possibility of optimizing costs and increasing the efficiency of managerial processes in the organization by improving the service automation of business selling processes in a competitive environment.
Based on the comparison of the number of auctions conducted and the amount of deals concluded, it has been noted that the largest number of auctions were held in consumer goods, where the average deal value was the least, while the deals of the highest value were in the provision of services, with the lowest proportion of the conducted auctions.
The authors of the study have analyzed potential commercial and technological risks and identified the main fraudulent schemes in electronic commerce and measures aimed at preventing or eliminating certain risk factors and conditions of uncertainty of the result.
Based on the opinions of the experts, the promising directions for developing the electronic market and electronic wholesale services have been noted in the study, which can be achieved through the creation of independent electronic trading platforms by large industrial corporations, as well as through the use of the information and communication network functions in the internal corporate interaction in large holdings. Combining the capabilities of the marketplaces of the corporate and public procurement sectors and launching a joint service for electronic trading while maintaining established business processes will improve the efficiency of the commercial activities of participating organizations.