Academic literature on the topic 'Mechanika hornin'
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Journal articles on the topic "Mechanika hornin"
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Horgan, C. O. "Recent Developments Concerning Saint-Venant’s Principle: A Second Update." Applied Mechanics Reviews 49, no. 10S (October 1, 1996): S101—S111. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.3101961.
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Saint-Venant’s principle plays a central role in the theory and applications of elasticity. A comprehensive review of contemporary research on this topic was given by Horgan and Knowles (1983), and updated by Horgan (1989a). Since these articles were written, several developments in the subject area have taken place. In his second update, we review some of this progress, including a discussion of analogous issues arising in entry flow problems for viscous incompressible fluids.
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Sierra, Andres Mauricio, Edorta Ibarra, Iñigo Kortabarria, Jon Andreu, and Joseba Lasa. "Hegazkinen elektrifikazioa: aktuatzaile elektromekanikoak eta propultsio elektrikoa." EKAIA Euskal Herriko Unibertsitateko Zientzia eta Teknologia Aldizkaria, no. 35 (May 2, 2019): 257–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1387/ekaia.19780.
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Gaur egun, elektrifikazio-maila altuak dituzten hegazkinak (MEA, More Electric Aircraft, ingelesez) kontuan hartzen dira aireko garraio ekologikoagoa, jasangarriagoa eta eraginkorragoa lortzeko. Alde horretatik, tradizionalak diren sistema pneumatikoak, hidraulikoak, eta mekanikoak sistema elektrikoengatik ordezkatu nahi dira, denborarekin, MEA kontzeptuaren helburuak lortzeko. Bi aplikazio elektriko nabarmentzen dira MEA motako hegazkinetan: aktuadore elektromekanikoak (EMA, Electro Mechanical Actuator, ingelesez) eta propultsio elektrikoa/hibridoa. Teknologia horien teknologiaren egoera garatzen da lan honetan, eta egileek EMA prototipo erreal batean lortutako emaitzak azaltzen dira. Horrez gain, sistema horien elementu nagusi diren potentzia-sistemak eta motor elektrikoak aztertzen dira, industria aeronautikoaren beharrizan zorrotzak direla-eta egokienak izan daitezkeen fase anitzeko topologietan zentratuz.
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Fosdick, Roger, James Simmonds, David Steigmann, and Debra Polignone Warne. "In Recognition of the Sixtieth Birthday of Cornelius O. Horgan." Journal of Elasticity 74, no. 1 (January 2004): 1–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/b:elas.0000026126.68142.15.
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Murphy, Jeremiah G., Giuseppe Saccomandi, and Roger Fosdick. "In Recognition of the 75th Birthday of Cornelius O. Horgan." Journal of Elasticity 136, no. 1 (April 11, 2019): 1–2. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10659-019-09739-7.
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Gurgul, J., K. Łątka, A. W. Pacyna, C. P. Sebastian, and R. Pöttgen. "119Sn Mössbauer spectroscopy of the intermetallic compound HoRhSn." Intermetallics 18, no. 1 (January 2010): 129–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.intermet.2009.07.002.
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Zhao, Ha-Lin, and Ren-Tao Liu. "The “bug island” effect of shrubs and its formation mechanism in Horqin Sand Land, Inner Mongolia." CATENA 105 (June 2013): 69–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.catena.2013.01.009.
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Song, Yun Lian, Ya Wei Zhang, and Jing Yu. "Study for Aeolian Sand Characteristics by Static Experiment." Advanced Materials Research 250-253 (May 2011): 519–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.250-253.519.
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The representative aeolian sand taken from Horqin desert freeway is used as Subgrade Material. In this paper, California Bearing Ratio (CBR) and rebound modulus E0 are analyzed by experiments which are based on different aeolian samples with different compaction degree, different dry density and different moisture capacity. Simultaneously, the relation of stress and strain is studied to summarize the mechanical strength characteristic of aeolian sand under different compaction criterion. According to carrying capacity of aeolian sand, statics properties are analyzed. Experiment results show that aeolian sand is compacted under the natural moisture capacity in subgrade engineering, which is feasible and effective. The CBR of the compacted aeolian sand should be controlled less than 10% during construction.
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Nomura, Koki, Hiromi Takeuchi, Mamoru Sato, Hiroyuki Ishii, Munenori Uemura, Tomohiko Akaboshi, Morimasa Tomikawa, Makoto Hashizume, and Atsuo Takanishi. "Development of a Self-Propelled Actively Bendable Colonoscope Robot with a "Party Horn" Propulsion Mechanism." Abstracts of the international conference on advanced mechatronics : toward evolutionary fusion of IT and mechatronics : ICAM 2015.6 (2015): 68–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jsmeicam.2015.6.68.
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F.U., Nte,, and Ogoke, U. "Sound Pollution Effect on Motor Drivers and Auto-Mechanics Using the 7D Sensitivity Index Model." International Journal of Contemporary Research and Review 9, no. 03 (March 30, 2018): 20184–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.15520/ijcrr/2018/9/03/487.
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This study developed a 7D impact model for the purpose of examining peoples’ perception of noise intensity from selected occupational groups, using the Junior secondary school students as the base line model. It structured “20-29dBA as dictable” “30-49dBA Distinctive” “50-69dBA Disturebing” 70-79dBA deterring” “80-89dBA Destructive and “110-160dBA Devastating” Levels. A hypersonic disco set was used to generate these noise level at Ologbu hall N04053139.9 E0060 54037.71 and discovered that the taxi drivers, mechanics and pump attendants at the filling stations are the most vulnerable to noise impacts. Sixty volunteer participants were randomly selected 10 each to cover market women, taxi drivers, Road side Mechanics, Sciences and Engineering workshop. Staff, University and Secondary School Students. The results were tabulated and the analysis showed high correlation in the group response which validated the model using Pearson Correlation. The discrimination in the group response measure of hearing loss or threshold shift particularly at the detectable level. While the correlation at the destructive, devastating levels are indicative that all the groups appreciate the impact at higher level of noise, irrespective of the initial threshold shift which is the hearing loses. The study bench shift between the 0dBA to 110dBA is found to be 10dBA at + 5 for the taxi drivers, mechanics and pump attendants possible due to indiscriminate horning, electronic sources and traffic.
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Cheon, Banyoon, Hoi-Chang Lee, Takuya Wakai, and Rafael A. Fissore. "Ca2+ influx and the store-operated Ca2+ entry pathway undergo regulation during mouse oocyte maturation." Molecular Biology of the Cell 24, no. 9 (May 2013): 1396–410. http://dx.doi.org/10.1091/mbc.e13-01-0065.
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In preparation for fertilization, mammalian oocytes undergo optimization of the mechanisms that regulate calcium homeostasis. Among these changes is the increase in the content of the Ca2+ stores ([Ca2+]ER), a process that requires Ca2+ influx. Nevertheless, the mechanism(s) that mediates this influx remains obscure, although is known that [Ca2+]ER can regulate Ca2+ influx via store-operated Ca2+ entry (SOCE). We find that during maturation, as [Ca2+]ER increases, Ca2+ influx decreases. We demonstrate that mouse oocytes/eggs express the two molecular components of SOCE—stromal interaction molecule 1 (Stim1) and Orai1—and expression of human (h) Stim1 increases Ca2+ influx in a manner that recapitulates endogenous SOCE. We observe that the cellular distribution of hStim1 and hOrai1 during maturation undergoes sweeping changes that curtail their colocalization during the later stages of maturation. Coexpression of hStim1 and hOrai1 enhances influx throughout maturation but increases basal Ca2+ levels only in GV oocytes. Further, expression of a constitutive active form of hStim1 plus Orai1, which increases basal Ca2+ throughout maturation, disturbs resumption of meiosis. Taken together, our results demonstrate that Ca2+ influx and SOCE are regulated during maturation and that alteration of Ca2+ homeostasis undermines maturation in mouse oocytes.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Mechanika hornin"
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Roberts, Stewart Craig. "Mechanics and function of territorial behaviour in klipspringer." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 1994. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.244092.
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Dunlop, Douglas Donald. "The Desires of Rebecca Horn: Alchemy and the Mechanics of Interpretation." Thesis, University of North Texas, 1997. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc278016/.
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The purpose of this thesis is to analyze the use of alchemy within the work of Rebecca Horn, to elucidate its presence in her work, and to illuminate its purpose as a personal philosophy and as a creative tool. The use of alchemy within Horn's work occurs as a process of revelation and transformation. Alchemy is revealed as a spiritual philosophy and as an interpretative system through the changes that occur in Horn's oeuvre. Throughout Horn's career, alchemy has developed into an interpretive system, a type of spiritual and cosmic perspective, that allows the artist to study, access, and meld diverse realities (sacred and profane) and diverse social systems (religious and scientific) into a more holistic and spiritually infused reality for herself and society-at-large. The purpose of her work is to help reinvest contemporary life with a spiritual presence by offering a model and a means of bringing the sacred into the profane.
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Halfar, Petr. "Vyhodnocení lomových testů materiálů těles z vývrtů." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta stavební, 2018. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-371918.
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The diploma thesis deals with effective crack model for a cylinder specimen with an chevron-shaped notch, loaded by a three-point bending. The first part of the thesis is theoretical and the it describes the use of fracture mechanics for quasi-brittle materials – concrete and rocks. Furthermore there is described the linear elastic fracture mechanics and founding the geometry function for a different geometries of fracture tests. The second part describes the FEM program, which was used to calculate the fracture parameters, that were used to determine the length of the effective crack and how the program was tested before it was used. The last part describe calculations of fracture toughness by using the effective crack model on selected rock and concrete specimens.
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Yu, Miao, and Nanhai Huang. "Optimization of the Signal Horn Performance." Thesis, Blekinge Tekniska Högskola, Institutionen för maskinteknik, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:bth-15685.
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This thesis studies the parameters that affect the sound level of signalhorns in a passenger car. The project is performed on the behalf of VolvoCars Group. Physical testing was done on Volvo S90 with and withoutmodifications. During the project, the influence of installation, frequencysignature of horns and system parameters on sound pressure wereinvestigated. Acoustic measurements were performed in semi anechoicchamber and open site using the setup specified by ECE R28 document.
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Herrmann, Claudia. "Die Huflängenregulation bei im Semireservat gehaltenen Liebenthaler Pferden durch saisonale Einflüsse auf Hornbildung und Hornverlust." Doctoral thesis, Universitätsbibliothek Leipzig, 2015. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:15-qucosa-166200.
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Einleitung
Huferkrankungen nehmen einen hohen Patientenanteil in der orthopädischen Pferdepraxis ein. Sie sind häufig begleitet von geringem Hornwachstum und/oder ständigen Tragrandausbrüchen. Hierbei stellt sich die Frage, in wie weit dieses Geschehen durch die jeweilige Pferdehaltung begünstigt wird und wie stark der genetische Einfluss hierauf ist. Vom einzigen rezenten Wildpferd, dem Przewalskipferd, sind Daten zum Hornwachstum und -abrieb mit ausgeprägter Saisonalität bekannt, außerdem existiert bei Haltung im Semireservat ein spezieller Mechanismus des Tragrandausbruches. Diese Faktoren führen zu einer selbstständigen Huflängenregulation ohne Einflussnahme des Menschen.
Ziele der Untersuchungen
Die Untersuchungen dienen dem Ziel, für das Hauspferd Daten über saisonale Hornproduktion und Hornabnutzung zu erheben und Aussagen über einen eventuell vorhandenen physiologischen Huflängenregulationsmechanismus (wie er auch bei den Przewalskipferden vorkommt) zu machen. Eine suffiziente Ausprägung eines solchen Mechanismus ist für die tierschutzgerechte Durchführung einer Haltungsform, bei der die Pferde weitgehend sich selbst überlassen sind, essentiell. Durch den Vergleich mit dem Przewalskipferd sollen außerdem genetische und umweltbedingte Einflüsse auf die Huflängenregulation geklärt werden, um die Kenntnisse der für eine extensive Pferdehaltung nötigen Umweltfaktoren zu verbessern und zu erweitern.
Materialien und Methoden
Für die Untersuchungen standen insgesamt 26 Liebenthaler Pferde (Hauspferde) unterschiedlichen Alters (12 Pferde vor 1999 geboren, 14 Pferde ab 1999 geboren) und Geschlechtes (11 Hengste, 15 Stuten) zur Verfügung, die in Semireservat-ähnlicher Haltung leben. Bei diesen Tieren wurden über einen Zeitraum von einem Jahr an jedem Huf in monatlichem Abstand die Länge des Rückenteils der Hufplatte, die Hornbildung, der Hornverlust sowie das Auftreten von Hornspalten und Hornchips erfasst. Die Messungen der Dorsallänge sowie der monatlichen Hornbildung und des monatlichen Hornverlustes wurden direkt an den Hufen der untersuchten Pferde durchgeführt, wobei zur Erfassung von Hornbildung und Hornverlust der Distalschub einer artifiziell angebrachten Markierung an der dorsalen Hufwand erfasst wurde. Die auftretenden Hornspalten und Hornchips wurden monatlich fotografisch dokumentiert und im Anschluss nach ihrer Ausdehnung und Lokalisation ausgewertet. Für die Aussagen im Ergebnisteil wurden Methoden der deskriptiven und explorativen Statistik angewendet (Berechnung von Mittelwerten, Streuungsmaßen, Korrelationen, Darstellung linearer zusammenhänge mittels Regressionsgeraden, Varianzanalysen, Scheffé-Test).
Ergebnisse
Die dorsale Huflänge unterliegt bei den Liebenthaler Pferden einer Regulation, die es ermöglicht, sie nach Ausbildung ihrer individuellen Größe innerhalb einer gewissen Spannweite auch über Jahre hinweg konstant zu halten. Die Dynamik im Jahreszyklus äußert sich mit Höchstwerten im Mai und Minimalwerten im August. Dieses ist bedingt durch die im Verlauf der Jahreszeiten unterschiedlichen Werte bei Hufhornbildung und -verlust. Im Sommer sind sowohl die Hornproduktion als auch der Hornverlust signifikant höher als in den kälteren Monaten. Obwohl Hornbildungsrate und Hornverlust eine positive Korrelation zueinander aufweisen (r = 0,47), lassen sich auch Unterschiede erkennen: im Frühling und Sommer überwiegt der Hornverlust, während sich im Herbst und Winter eine höhere Hornbildung nachweisen lässt.
Für die Abnutzung des Hufhorns gibt es zwei sich ergänzende und saisonal unterschiedlich stark wirkende Mechanismen: den Hufhornabrieb und die Tragrandausbrüche als Endergebnis des Chippings. Der Hornabrieb wird vor allem durch die Untergrundhärte gefördert und tritt zu allen Jahreszeiten mit Höchstwerten im Sommer und Minimalwerten im Winter auf. Das Auftreten von Tragrandausbrüchen und den sie bedingenden Hornchips ist vor allem auf die Sommermonate konzentriert, während in den kälteren Jahreszeiten nur wenige und kleinere Ausbrüche stattfinden. Der Prozess des Chippings wird eingeleitet durch die Bildung von Hornspalten im Tragrandbereich zwischen denen es dann durch Spreiz- und Hebelwirkung beim Auffußen zur Bildung eines Querrisses mit anschließender vollständiger Separierung eines Hornchips kommt. Der Tragrand wurde im Ergebnis dieses Ausbruchs auf das Niveau der Hufsohle eingekürzt. Die meisten Hornchips treten in Übereinstimmung mit der Ausbildung von Hornspalten an der lateralen Hufseite auf, außerdem werden die Vorderhufe deutlich öfter durch Tragrandausbrüche verkürzt als die Hinterhufe. Die Bildung von Hornspalten ist in der untersuchten Population deutlich höher, als es für einen regelrechten Chipping-Vorgang nötig wäre.
Schlussfolgerungen
Für die Liebenthaler Pferde wird die Schaffung von Bereichen mit abrasiven Untergründen auf dem ansonsten mit weichem Boden bedeckten Weidegelände empfohlen, um das häufige Auftreten von durchgehenden Hornspalten (mit der damit verbundenen Gefahr von Schmerz und Lahmheiten) zu minimieren.
Bei einem Vergleich mit unter ähnlichen Bedingungen gehaltenen Przewalskipferden lässt die Höhe von Hornbildungsrate und Hornverlust einen genetischen Einfluss auf diese Parameter vermuten. Die Ausprägung der saisonalen Unterschiede ist jedoch bei beiden Rassen gleich, so dass für diese am ehesten die Habitatbedingungen als auslösende Faktoren in Betracht kommen. Beim Liebenthaler Pferd stellt sich eine dem Przewalskipferd ähnliche Längenregulation am Huf ein, wobei einzelne hierfür notwendige Mechanismen auch Unterschiede aufweisen. Somit wird deutlich, dass die Grundlage für eine physiologische Selbsterhaltung der Huflänge die den Pferden angebotenen Haltungsbedingungen sind, während die Genetik und die Domestikation geringere Effekte auf die Längenregulation haben. Auftretende pathologische Erscheinungen (nicht nur am Huf) müssen jedoch auch bei Extensivhaltung der Pferde zur Landschaftspflege erkannt und behandelt werden.
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Unal, Ayhun. "Acoustical Analysis And Design Of Horn Type Loudspeakers." Master's thesis, METU, 2006. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/3/12607890/index.pdf.
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Computer aided auto-construction of various types of folded horns and acoustic analysis of coupled horn and driver systems are presented in this thesis. A new
procedure is developed for auto construction of folded horn shapes. Linear graph modeling technique is employed for specification of horn driver output in terms of
diaphragm velocity or throat pressure. In the final phase of the design procedure, acoustic analysis of folded horns is carried by means of finite element analysis. A
commercial software package MSC.ACTRAN is used to calculate directivity patterns and resulting acoustic pressure in the free field. Horn geometry consisting of linear, exponential, hyperbolic and tractrix shapes is
automatically constructed by parallel working of Delphi and finite element analysis program. The enclosure bordering the horn contours are considered rigid in the analyses. Maximum number of folding is limited to two. This study is made possible
to evaluate the performance of these four types of horn contours for a specified range of frequencies.
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Baliukevič, Beata. "Ausies įdėklų gamybos netikslumų įtakos klausos parametrams tyrimas." Master's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2010. http://vddb.laba.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2010~D_20100610_112556-37363.
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Baigiamajame darbe atliktas ausies įdėklų gamybos netikslumų įtakos garso parametrams tyrimas. Išanalizuoti mokslo darbai, kuriuose pateikiami eksperimentų su ausies įdėklais rezultatai, apžvelgtos įdėklų gamybos technologijos ir galimi netikslumai. Atlikti eksperimentiniai garso parametrų tyrimai su skirtingais 9 įdėklais naudojant klausos analizatorių. Atlikta statistinė ir palyginamoji matavimo rezultatų analizė. Nustatyti garso parametrų skirtingiems įdėklams kitimo intervalai, pateiktos priklausomybės, suformuluotos išvados.In final thesis the influence of manufacturing inaccuracy of earmoulds to sound parameters was analysed. Scientific works exploring results of experiments with earmoulds were discussed and technological process is as well as inaccuracy of earmoulds were presented. Experimental study of sound parameters with different 9 types of earmoulds were made by using hearing analyzer device. A statistical and comparable analysis of the data is given. The intervals of sound parameters to different earmoulds types are determined as well as dependencies of them are presented and results of the final work are concluded. Structure: introduction, the analytical parts of the test object experiments, conclusions and suggestions, bibliographic sources.
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Kuděla, Jan. "Návrh horního nosníku dvousloupového regálového zakladače." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2014. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-231178.
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This master thesis deals with a concept of two columned shelf stacker’s upper beam. The first part contains a research of storage systems used in logistics and a description of the shelf stack’s basic parts. The second part is dedicated to the draft of the pulley arrangement with a rope calculation, pulleys and shafts, in the same the draft of the pulley attachment to the rope leading to the counterweights. It is followed by the concept of the couple winch drive ensues synchronized with the electronic cardan. The final part depicts the dynamic analysis of the lifting truck’s movement in the dependence on the load size and distribution respecting the dynamic effect of the counterweight act.
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Pham, Dang Nathalie. "Protéine kinase C γ et hypersensibilité mécanique trigéminale chez le rat." Thesis, Clermont-Ferrand 1, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014CLF1MM27/document.
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Les syndromes douloureux chroniques, inflammatoires ou neuropathiques, se caractérisent par une hypersensiblitité douloureuse, sous forme de douleurs spontanées et d’allodynie et d’hyperalgésie. L’isoforme γ de la protein kinase C (PKCγ), concentrée dans un type spécifique d’interneurones de la couche II interne (IIi) de la corne dorsale de la moelle ou du sous-noyau caudal du trijumeau (Sp5C) est impliqué dans mécanismes centraux de l’allodynie mécanique, une condition dans laquelle le toucher provoque une douleur. Nous avons utilisé des techniques comportementales et immunohistochimiques dans le système trigéminal.Le rôle de la PKCγ dans le développement de l’allodynie mécanique est bien établi après lésion nerveuse périphérique. Par contre, il l’est beaucoup moins dans l’allodynie d’origine inflammatoire. Nous avons testé l’hypothèse que l’allodynie mécanique persistante à la suite d’une inflammation périphérique provoquée par l’adjuvent complet de Freund (‘complete Freund’s adjuvant’ ou CFA) est bien due à une activation de la PKCγ. L’injection sous-cutanée de CFA au niveau de la zone d’insertion des vibrisses induit une allodynie persistante spécifiquement statique. L’immunomarquage phopho-ERK1/2 montre que l’expression de cette allodynie s’accompagne d’une activation d’interneurones des couches I-IIe et IIi-IIIe, dont des interneurones PKCγ de la couche IIi. Cette allodynie statique est supprimée par l’application intracisternale de l’antagoniste PKCγ, KIG31-1, avant l’injection de CFA, mais pas 3 jours après l’injection de CFA. Ainsi, comme pour l’allodynie mécanique neuropathique, l’activation de la PKCγ est nécessaire au développement de l’allodynie mécanique inflammatoire.Nous avons aussi examiné si l’activation de la PKCγ est suffisante pour le développement de l’allodynie mécanique. L’injection intracisternale de phorbol ester, 12,13-dibutyrate (PDBu), un activateur de la PKCγ, induit simultanément une allodynie mécanique statique et dynamique de la face. L’immunoréactivité phospho-ERK1/2 révèle que l’expression de ces deux allodynies mécaniques s’accompagne de la même activation d’interneurones des couches I-IIe et IIi-IIIe, dont des interneurones PKCγ de la couche IIi . Les effets de l’application de PDBu sont bloqués par l’application simultanée de KIG31-1.L’activation de la PKCγ seule est suffisante pour que se développe une allodynie mécanique, à la fois statique et dynamique. On sait que les interneurones PKCγ de la couche IIi sont directement activés par des afférences myélinisées mécaniques non nociceptives. Le niveau d’activation de la PKCγ contrôlerait la transmission de cette information vers les neurones de projection de la couche I, et donc la transformation du toucher en douleurInflammatory and neuropathic chronic pain syndromes are characterized by pain hypersensitivy, manifest as spontaneous pain, allodynia and hyperalgesia. The γ isoform of protein kinase C (PKCγ), which is concentrated in a specific class of interneurons within inner lamina II (IIi) of the spinal (SDH) and medullary (MDH) dorsal horns, has been implicated in the central mechanisms underlying mechanical allodynia, a condition wherein touch produces pain. We used behavioral and immunohistochemical techniques in the trigeminal system.Whereas there is clear evidence for the involvement of PKCγ in neuropathic mechanical allodynia, that for the involvement of PKCγ in inflammatory mechanical allodynia is still controversial. We investigated the involvement of PKCγ into the persistent mechanical allodynia induced by complete Freund’s adjuvant (CFA) inflammation. Subcutaneous injection of CFA into the vibrissa pad of rats induced a persistent selectively static mechanical allodynia. Monitoring neuronal activity within medullary dorsal horn (MDH) with phospho-ERK1/2 immunoreactivity showed that activation of both laminae I-IIo and IIi-IIIo neurons, including lamina IIi PKCγ-expressing interneurons, was associated with the expression of static mechanical allodynia. Intracisternal injection of the selective PKCγ antagonist, KIG31-1, prevented CFA-induced static mechanical allodynia only when it was injected before, but not 3 days after, CFA injection. These results show that, as for neuropathic mechanical allodynias, PKCγ activation is necessary for inflammatory mechanical allodynia.We also examined whether PKCγ activation in naïve animals is sufficient for the establishment of mechanical allodynia. Intracisternal injection of the phorbol ester, 12,13-dibutyrate (PDBu), concomitantly induced static and dynamic facial mechanical allodynias Monitoring neuronal activity within MDH with phospho-ERK1/2 immunoreactivity revealed that the same activation of both laminae I-IIo and IIi-IIIo neurons, including lamina IIi PKCγ-expressing interneurons, was associated with the manifestation of both mechanical allodynias. PDBu-induced mechanical allodynias and associated neuronal activations were all prevented by intracisternal KIG31-1.Our findings reveal that PKCγ activation is sufficient for the development of static and dynamic mechanical allodynias. Lamina IIi PKCγ interneurons have been shown to be directly activated by low-threshold mechanical inputs carried by myelinated afferents. The level of PKCγ activation might thus gate the transmission of innocuous mechanical inputs to lamina I, nociceptive output neurons, thus turning touch into pain
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Dhanasobhon, Dhanasak. "Spinal cholinergic system and chronic pain." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017STRAJ090/document.
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Chez les rongeurs et humains, un « tonus » cholinergique spinal endogène modulant les comportements nociceptifs (douloureux) a été décrit. Une source potentielle de cette acétylcholine sont les interneurones cholinergiques de la corne dorsale (CD) de la moelle épinière. Nos objectifs étaient les suivants : (1) caractériser le « tonus » cholinergique spinal responsable de l’établissement des seuils mécaniques nociceptifs et (2) élucider le rôle des neurones cholinergiques CD dans la modulation de l'information sensorielle chez des animaux naïfs et neuropathiques. Nous avons confirmé la présence d'un « tonus » cholinergique qui module les seuils mécaniques et démontré qu'il est encore présent, bien qu'il soit modifié, après une neuropathie. Les interneurones cholinergiques reçoivent des entrées excitatrices localisées sur des segments plus distants et reçoivent généralement une faible fréquence d’entrées inhibitrices. De plus, ils sont indirectement reliés par des afférences primaires nociceptives qui expriment TRPV1, ce qui démontre leur implication dans le circuit nociceptif. Dans les conditions neuropathiques, les entrées des neurones LIII / IV ne sont pas affectées après une lésion du nerf périphérique. Une meilleure compréhension du système cholinergique spinal peut ouvrir la voie à une thérapie alternative contre la douleurAn endogenous spinal cholinergic tone modulating nociceptive (painlike) behaviors has been demonstrated in rodents and humans. One potential source of this acetylcholine is the spinal Dorsal Horn (DH) cholinergic interneurons. Our objectives were to: (1) characterize the spinal cholinergic tone establishing mechanical nociceptive thresholds and (2) to elucidate the role of DH cholinergic neurons in the modulation of sensory information of naïve and neuropathic animals. We have confirmed the presence of a cholinergic tone modulating mechanical thresholds and demonstrated that it is still present, although altered, after neuropathy. The DH cholinergic interneurons receive excitatory inputs from distant spinal segments and generally receive lower inhibitory inputs. In addition, they are indirectly connected by a subset of nociceptive primary afferents expressing TRPV1, demonstrating their involvement in nociceptive processing. In neuropathic spinal circuits, the inputs to LIII/IV neurons appears to be unaffected after injury. Better understanding the spinal cholinergic system can pave way to alternative pain therapy
Books on the topic "Mechanika hornin"
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Humble, Stephen R. Plasticity in somatic receptive fields after nerve injury. Edited by Paul Farquhar-Smith, Pierre Beaulieu, and Sian Jagger. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198834359.003.0023.
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Devor and Wall, in a pioneering electrophysiological study, examined the change in somatic receptive fields in the dorsal horn of the spinal cord after nerve injury. Rather than the anticipated loss of an area of electrophysiological perception, the system demonstrated ‘plasticity’ whereby novel receptive fields, remote to the corresponding area of damage, were evident. The authors postulated that this neuroplasticity occurred via a hitherto undefined spinal mechanism, which lead to an explosion of interest and research to elucidate the mechanisms of central plasticity. In this truly landmark paper, the idea of the nervous system being an inherently ‘hard-wired’ structure was made redundant and the concept of neuroplasticity was given robust form.
Book chapters on the topic "Mechanika hornin"
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Laird, Jennifer, and Fernando Cervero. "A Comparison of the Receptive Field Plasticity of Nocireceptive and Multireceptive Dorsal Horn Neurones Following Noxious Mechanical Stimulation." In Processing of Sensory Information in the Superficial Dorsal Horn of the Spinal Cord, 473–76. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-0825-6_46.
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Moore, Michael S. "The Limited Compatibilism of Epiphenomenalism with Responsibility." In Mechanical Choices, 413–34. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190863999.003.0011.
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The second response to the epiphenomenal challenge is to deny that epiphenomenalism has any implications that are skeptical of responsibility. Such a compatibilist response is seemingly ruled out by adopting the classical compatibilist response to the challenge of hard determinism. Whether this is in fact so is explored in this chapter, the thesis being that in a certain range of cases we are responsible for effects that we do not cause so long as those effects are on one horn of an epiphenomenal fork the existence of which we know and the other horn of which we can control. Because such responsibility across the horns of an epiphenomenal fork can involve control of the past, and because a general control of the past to the extent that we can control the future is implausible, some care is taken to limit the scope of what in the past we can control by our present decisions. These limits are cast in terms of there being a strong necessitation of a past event by a present decision which necessitation is known to the actor as he acts to make it have been the case that such past event occurred.
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Benarroch, Eduardo E. "Peripheral and Spinal Mechanisms of Nociception." In Neuroscience for Clinicians, edited by Eduardo E. Benarroch, 655–73. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190948894.003.0035.
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Pain is a conscious subjective experience driven by activity of nociceptors. Pain includes not only nociception but also abnormal transmission and processing of painful stimuli. Nociception involves unmyelinated and small myelinated fibers from small dorsal root ganglion neurons that respond to noxious heat, mechanical, or chemically stimuli. These neurons are functional and biochemically heterogeneous in terms of their sensitivity to stimuli, type of afferent axons, neurochemical composition, and targets in the dorsal horn. They activate both second-order projection neurons and different subsets of excitatory and inhibitory interneurons that have a major role in processing of sensory information. Mutations affecting ion channels in nociceptors, inflammatory mediators, or peripheral nerve injury trigger changes and expression of ion channels and receptors. This results in increased excitability of nociceptors, known as peripheral sensitization. Abnormal activity in nociceptors triggers plastic channels in the dorsal horn resulting in altered balance between excitation and inhibition, resulting in central sensitization. Local activation of microglia and astrocytes plays a major role in this process. Elucidation of mechanisms of peripheral and central sensitization provide insight into the pathophysiology of neuropathic pain and potential therapeutic targets for its treatment.
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Renn, Cynthia L., and Susan G. Dorsey. "Nociceptive Processing." In Pain Care Essentials, edited by Mark Schumacher and Beth B. Hogans, 26–40. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199768912.003.0003.
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Chapter 2 describes the molecular events associated with pain signaling. The mechanisms associated with chemical, thermal, and mechanical pain signaling in the peripheral nerve endings are detailed. Molecular signaling mechanisms occurring in the spinal dorsal horn, including the primary afferent nociceptor, the inhibitory interneurons, and the descending on-cells and off-cells projecting from the nucleus raphe magnocellularis are described. Persistent increases in pain signaling resulting from inflammatory mediators are explained with reference to specific molecules. Signaling events at supraspinal levels, such as the thalamus, cortex, periaqueductal gray, and nucleus raphe magnus, including cannabinoids, opioids, and noradrenergic and serotonergic neurotransmitter events, are described as critical to pain pathways with relevance to potential pain therapies.
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Jordan, David, Louise Mawn, and Richard L. Anderson. "The Lacrimal System." In Surgical Anatomy of the Ocular Adnexa. Oxford University Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199744268.003.0014.
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The lacrimal system is made up of both the lacrimal secretory system and the nasolacrimal drainage system. The secretory system consists of the glands that make up the tear film (the lacrimal gland, the accessory glands of Krause and Wolfring, and the meibomian glands). The nasolacrimal drainage system consists of the puncta, canaliculi, lacrimal sac, and nasolacrimal duct. These two systems provide for the production and maintenance of the precorneal tear film as well as the drainage of tears from the eye. The normal functioning of these two systems is essential for proper optical refraction, preservation of corneal integrity, and ocular comfort. The physiology of tear production and distribution requires normal eyelid anatomy and mobility. Blinking spreads the tears vertically over the ocular surface. It also adds two important components to the tear film: lipid from the meibomian glands and mucin from the conjunctival goblet cells. The horizontal flow of tears to the medial canthus is along the tear meniscus at the eyelid margin. This requires normal contour and eyelid apposition to the globe and an adequately functioning orbicularis pump mechanism. Both of these functions can be compromised by horizontal and vertical eyelid laxity or by eyelid margin deformities. The lacrimal gland begins in embryologic development as epithelial buds arising from the conjunctiva of the superior temporal fornix. Canalization of the epithelial buds to form ducts begins in utero, but full development of the gland does not occur until three to four years postnatal. The lacrimal gland provides the principal aqueous secretory component of the tear film. It is located just behind the superolateral orbital rim within a depression in the lateral aspect of the orbital roof (the lacrimal gland fossa). The gland’s convex/concave shape reflects its location between the roof of the orbit and the globe. The gland is divided into a larger orbital lobe and a smaller palpebral lobe by the lateral horn of the levator aponeurosis. The orbital lobe lies behind the orbital septum and immediately above the lateral horn of levator.
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Hayward, Gil. "The British Tunny Machine." In Colossus. Oxford University Press, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780192840554.003.0034.
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Early in 1944 I returned to the UK from top-secret work in the Middle East. Two days after my arrival I received instructions to report to Tommy Flowers at Dollis Hill. I had joined DH in 1934 at the age of 16, straight from school, and had left in 1940 to carry out intelligence work overseas. Flowers introduced me to my new colleagues, Doc Coombs, Bill Chandler, and Sid Broadhurst, the last of whom I had met in 1938, during a course of training for the rank of probationary inspector—I had enjoyed his lectures on automatic telephony. The introductions over, an awkward silence fell. Here was an army captain in the intelligence corps who knew nothing about their project and who was still being vetted by the security services. This would preclude their discussing anything of a secret nature in my presence, probably for another two weeks, until my security clearance came through. On the third day of this ridiculous state of affairs, Broadhurst could stand it no longer. After lunch he said, to no one in particular, ‘Let’s tell him.’ The others agreed, and in less than an hour I had a fairly detailed outline of what our project was. By the end of the afternoon I was deeply immersed in the design of the wiring and layout of the rotary switches that would simulate the 12 wheels of the German Tunny machine. Broadhurst saved two precious weeks by taking the bull by the horns as he did. As it was, it was a near-run thing to get the equipment in operation by D-day. Our Tunny would be deciphering the encrypted teleprinter traffic after the cryptanalysts had determined the wheel patterns and wheel settings. The tedious hand-work required to produce the decrypts, once the settings were known, had not been able to keep pace once Colossus went into operation. This situation called for a copy of the Lorenz machine to produce decrypts. The Lorenz, one of which I was able to examine after the end of hostilities, was a beautifully made piece of mechanism, but it lacked the flexibility that our electromechanical copy possessed.
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Smith, Ronnie W., and D. Richard Hipp. "System Implementation." In Spoken Natural Language Dialog Systems. Oxford University Press, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195091878.003.0008.
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Without development of an actual working system it is impossible to empirically validate the proposed computational model. Thus, the architecture introduced in section 3.1 has been implemented on a Sun 4 workstation and later ported to a Spare II workstation. The majority of the code is written in Quintus Prolog while the parser is written in C. The system software is available via anonymous FTP as described in appendix C. The overall hardware configuration is illustrated in figure 6.1. Speech recognition is performed by a Verbex 6000 user-dependent connected-speech recognizer running on an IBM PC. The vocabulary is currently restricted to the 125 words given in table 7.1. Users are required to begin each utterance with the word “verbie” and end with the word “over” (e.g. “verbie, the switch is up, over”). The Verbex speech recognizer acknowledges each input with a small beep. These sentinel interactions act as a synchronization mechanism for the user arid the machine. Speech output is performed by a DECtalk DTCO1 text-to-speech converter. This chapter discusses the following technical aspects of the implementation. • The various knowledge representation formalisms. • The implemented domain processor, an expert system for assisting in simple circuit repair. • The implemented generation component. • The basic physical resource utilization of the system. The basis for the implementation has been the logic programming language, Prolog. Clocksin and Mellish [CM87] provide an introduction to this language. Pereira and Shieber [PS87] arid McCord [McC87] can be consulted for a discussion of the usage of Prolog for natural language analysis. Prolog allows the expression of rules and facts in a subset of first-order logic called Horn clauses. Prolog is supplemented with non-logical features that aid in efficient computation as well, but as a representational formalism, its utility in representing rules and facts in a declarative format provides a basis for the representation of knowledge and rules within the model. The Goal and Action Description Language was introduced in section 3.2.2. A detailed description is provided in appendix A. It is used as a standard formalism for representing goals that may be accomplished during a task.
Conference papers on the topic "Mechanika hornin"
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Tachi, Tomohiro. "Designing Rigidly Foldable Horns Using Bricard’s Octahedron." In ASME 2015 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2015-46283.
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This paper proposes a design method to obtain a family of rigidly foldable structures with one degree of freedom. The mechanism of flat-foldable degree-four cones and mutually compatible cones sharing a boundary are interpreted as the mechanism of Bricard’s flexible octahedra. By sequentially concatenating compatible cones, one can design horn-shaped rigid-origami mechanisms. This paper presents a method to inversely obtain rigidly foldable horns that follow given space curves. The resulting rigidly foldable horns can be used as building blocks for a transformable cellular structure and attachments to existing rigidly foldable structures.
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Abraham, Adam C., Megan L. Killian, and Tammy L. Haut Donahue. "Correlation of Nanomechanical and Mineral Properties of Human Osteoarthritic Meniscal Attachments." In ASME 2010 Summer Bioengineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/sbc2010-19457.
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Meniscal horns attach the meniscus to the underlying subchondral bone. Successful meniscal replacements must maintain horn attachments of the menisci, hence recent studies have been aimed at characterizing the material properties of the ligamentous horn attachments. In order to mimic material properties in tissue engineered meniscal replacements, we must understand how these properties are influenced by mineral and matrix constituents. Additionally, understanding how osteoarthritis alters the meniscal horn attachments may elucidate appropriate design considerations of such tissue engineered replacements. Therefore, this study investigated the relationship between mechanical and mineral properties of osteoarthritic meniscal attachments.
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Wang, Hongsheng, Tony Chen, Albert Gee, Ian Hutchinson, Kirsten Stoner, Russell Warren, and Suzanne Maher. "Meniscal Allografts: Biomechanical Consequences of Different Methods of Fixation." In ASME 2013 Summer Bioengineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/sbc2013-14519.
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Complete removal of the meniscus (meniscectomy) often leads to early-onset of osteoarthritis due to changes in contact mechanics 1,2. To counteract these changes, the removed meniscus is often replaced with an allograft. Many variables can affect the surgical outcome of meniscal transplantation (bone geometry, graft size, fixation technique, level of activity, limb alignment, etc.) 3,4,5. Among them, the method of fixation is the most readily controlled. Two commonly used techniques are: (i) trans-osseous suture fixation via bone plugs, where bone plugs are machined at the anterior and posterior horns of the graft and implanted into appropriately sized tibial bone tunnels, and (ii) suture fixation at the meniscal horns, where the sutures are drawn through tibial bone tunnels and tied over a bone-bridge. But the mechanical consequences of these fixation techniques, specifically, how they affect knee mechanics are unclear.
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Zhang, Yundian, and Qifang Wang. "Finite Element Analysis of Compound Acoustic Horn for Portable Ultrasonic Cleaning Machine." In ASME 2006 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2006-13640.
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Now, ultrasonic cleaning has been widely used in industry, however its applications in our lives are very few. It is theoretically possible that ultrasonic cleaning could be applied in civil. The author studies a kind of portable ultrasonic cleaning machine which is suitable for various fields. In consideration of the portable ultrasonic cleaning machine characteristics such as small, convenient, high frequency and high intensity focus, the author presents a model of compound acoustic horn which is composed of a conic horn of varying section and a horn of uniform section. Because this compound acoustic horn which has complicated shape is not traditional horn, and it is difficult to analyze it with traditional method. This situation is able to influence on the design of the acoustic horn, especially the confirmation of the vibration node, even the whole system matching. So in this paper the finite-element method (FEM) is used to analyze the dynamic performance of the compound acoustic horn. By the finite-element analysis, the natural frequency and the natural vibration mode of the compound acoustic horn are ascertained, furthermore, from the graph results we can find the stress and the displacement in the end of the acoustic horn are the biggest, but the displacement in the Flange is about zero. So the reliability performance and the reasonable design of the compound acoustic horn are proved in theory. In addition, the tests indicate the result of the finite-element analysis tallies with that of actual use after processing the compound acoustic horn.
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Mittal, Anshul, Lafayette K. Taylor, Kidambi Sreenivas, and Abdollah Arabshahi. "Investigation of Two Analytical Wake Models Using Data From Wind Farms." In ASME 2011 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2011-63286.
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A code ‘Wind Farm Optimization using a Genetic Algorithm’ (referred as WFOG) was developed for optimizing the placement of wind turbines in large wind farms. It utilizes an analytical wake model (by Jensen et al.) to minimize the cost per unit power for the wind farm. In this study, a new wake model by Ishihara et al. is tested in WFOG. The wake model takes into account the effect of atmospheric turbulence and rotor generated turbulence on the wake recovery. Results of the two wake models are compared with data from Horns Rev and Nysted wind farm. The maximum error (Horns Rev wind farm) for Ishihara’s wake model was 7% as compared to 15% for Jensen’s wake model. The optimal results obtained in earlier studies (using Jensen’s wake model) are compared to wind farm configurations obtained for Ishihara’s wake model. The optimization is carried out for the simplest wind regime: Constant wind speed and fixed wind direction.
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Tekes, Ayse, Adeel Khalid, Niko Giannakakos, and Alexander Bryant. "Helicopter Swashplate Design and Analysis Using Semi Compliant Mechanism." In ASME 2018 Dynamic Systems and Control Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/dscc2018-8944.
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The swashplate of a model helicopter consists of stationary and rotating plates separated by ball bearings. This mechanism enables the swashplate to tilt in all directions and move vertically as one unit. The lower stationary plate is mounted on the main rotor mast and connected to the cyclic and collective controls by a series of pushrods. There are similar pushrods known as pitch links connected to the upper rotating plate. These pitch links are connected to the pitch horns and control the pitch of individual blades. In this study, the pitch links of the model helicopter are replaced by a semi compliant mechanism. This mechanism is directly connected to the pitch horns to control the pitch of the individual blades. The actuation of the bars can be achieved by using high torque stepper or servo motors. These precise low and high amplitude outputs are specifically required for the cyclic and collective controls of the helicopter swashplate. The compliant swashplate mechanism can be fabricated as a single piece using an injection molding technique or by 3D printing. The mechanism is modeled by two similar vector loops in two different planes. The mathematical model of the plate motion and the forces on the mechanism links are developed and simulated using MATLAB and Simulink, and initial results are discussed in this paper. This mechanism would be applied to the helicopter directional control where the plate in the pitch-roll mechanism would serve as the swash plate of the helicopter.
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Clebe Junior Tonial Vitorino, Nilson Barbieri, Renato Barbieri, and Key Fonseca de Lima. "Numerical and experimental study of acoustic horns." In 23rd ABCM International Congress of Mechanical Engineering. Rio de Janeiro, Brazil: ABCM Brazilian Society of Mechanical Sciences and Engineering, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.20906/cps/cob-2015-1631.
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VALÁŠEK, Petr, Miroslav MÜLLER, and Michaela JAMELSKÁ. "THE INFLUENCE BREEDING ON THE MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF THE HOOF HORN IN CZECH WARMBLOOD HORSES." In Rural Development 2015. Aleksandras Stulginskis University, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.15544/rd.2015.003.
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The aim of this experiment was to compare the mechanical properties of the hoof horn of horses, mainly Czech warmblood, in relation to their stabling conditions – explicitly, grazing farming (pasture) with deep bedding stables. The sampling of the hoof horn was always made after a change of the horse´s stabling method. This paper assesses the changes in some mechanical properties of the hoof as a result of changes in their stabling environment. Moreover, the hardness, the wear resistance and the impact resistance of the hoof horn was evaluated. The results of the experiment showed a statistically significant difference between the studied mechanical properties of the hoof horn and the compared stabling conditions. Conducting the experiment led to a new methodology for evaluating the mechanical properties of biological materials coming from polymeric testing. The experiment describes a possible methodology for testing biological materials based on the evaluation of the mechanical properties of inorganic polymers. An effect of the influence stabling environment has to the hardness and the impact strength of the hoof horn was confirmed. An effect of the influence stabling environment has on hoof´s resistance against abrasiveness was not confirmed.
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Godiksen, William. "Effect of Targeting Pods on F-18C Hornet Weapons Release." In AIAA Atmospheric Flight Mechanics Conference and Exhibit. Reston, Virigina: American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/6.2008-6380.
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Yi, Dalong. "An Analysis on Friction Behavior of Metal Material Under Ultrasonic Vibration." In ASME 2013 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2013-62588.
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Interfacial friction is important for manufacturing processes using ultrasonic vibration since ultrasonic energy is transferred from horn to welding interfaces of work pieces through movement and contact behavior of surfaces. A 3D thermal-mechanical FE model is built to investigate the interfacial friction behavior of ultrasonic vibration by simulating a typical ultrasonic welding (UW) process which uses the technology of ultrasonic vibration to form material joints. The effects of friction coefficient of horn/work piece interface and coefficient of friction work converting to heat on the thermal-mechanical fields of welding interface are investigated.