Relevant bibliographies by topics / Mechanical stre

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Academic literature on the topic 'Mechanical stre'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 14 March 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Mechanical stre"

1

Ma, Rong, Anna V. Kellner, Victor Pui-Yan Ma, et al. "DNA probes that store mechanical information reveal transient piconewton forces applied by T cells." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 116, no. 34 (2019): 16949–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1904034116.

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The advent of molecular tension probes for real-time mapping of piconewton forces in living systems has had a major impact on mechanobiology. For example, DNA-based tension probes have revealed roles for mechanics in platelet, B cell, T cell, and fibroblast function. Nonetheless, imaging short-lived forces transmitted by low-abundance receptors remains a challenge. This is a particular problem for mechanoimmunology where ligand–receptor bindings are short lived, and a few antigens are sufficient for cell triggering. Herein, we present a mechanoselection strategy that uses locking oligonucleotides to preferentially and irreversibly bind DNA probes that are mechanically strained over probes at rest. Thus, infrequent and short-lived mechanical events are tagged. This strategy allows for integration and storage of mechanical information into a map of molecular tension history. Upon addition of unlocking oligonucleotides that drive toehold-mediated strand displacement, the probes reset to the real-time state, thereby erasing stored mechanical information. As a proof of concept, we applied this strategy to study OT-1 T cells, revealing that the T cell receptor (TCR) mechanically samples antigens carrying single amino acid mutations. Such events are not detectable using conventional tension probes. Each mutant peptide ligand displayed a different level of mechanical sampling and spatial scanning by the TCR that strongly correlated with its functional potency. Finally, we show evidence that T cells transmit pN forces through the programmed cell death receptor-1 (PD1), a major target in cancer immunotherapy. We anticipate that mechanical information storage will be broadly useful in studying the mechanobiology of the immune system.
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2

Schmitt, Philip, Hannes Mehner, and Martin Hoffmann. "A Micromechanical Binary Counter with MEMS-Based Digital-to-Analog Converter." Proceedings 2, no. 13 (2018): 807. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/proceedings2130807.

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Autonomous sensors are of interest in all cases where a continuous power source is not available or difficult to realize. Besides harvesting of electrical energy for a complex storage system, it is of interest to directly store an event in a non-electrical storage, but in a way that allows a later electrical read-out. Therefore, a miniaturized micromechanical binary counter is presented, which enables counting of threshold events, such as exceeding temperature limits or high mechanical shocks. An electro-mechanical digital-to-analog converter integrated in the binary counter is demonstrated as an option for monolithic electrical read-out of the mechanically stored information.
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3

Vinson, V. J. "Monitoring Cellular Mechanical Stress." Science's STKE 2007, no. 398 (2007): tw287. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/stke.3982007tw287.

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4

Hughes-Fulford, M. "Signal Transduction and Mechanical Stress." Science Signaling 2004, no. 249 (2004): re12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/stke.2492004re12.

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5

Kosowatz, John. "Watts in Store." Mechanical Engineering 144, no. 2 (2022): 31–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2022-mar1.

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Abstract Lithium-ion batteries are reliable and getting progressively cheaper, but generally deliver full power capacity for no more than four hours. But for renewable energy to fully replace fossil fuels, energy storage systems must advance to provide long and longer-term storage capability, and then deliver it on demand. There are a variety of technologies being developed for long-term storage, generally recognized as six to 12 hours.
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6

Nielsen, Steen. "Economic assessment of sludge handling and environmental impact of sludge treatment in a reed bed system." Water Science and Technology 71, no. 9 (2015): 1286–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2015.072.

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The effect on the environment of the establishment and operation of a sludge treatment reed bed system (STRB) is quite limited compared to mechanical sludge dewatering, with its accompanying use of energy and chemicals. The assessment presented here of the investment, operation and maintenance costs of a typical STRB, and of the related environmental impact, is based on the experiences gained from the operation of a large number of STRB in Denmark. There are differences in the environmental perspectives and costs involved in mechanical sludge dewatering and disposal on agricultural land compared to STRB. The two treatment methods were considered for comparison based on a treatment capacity of 550 tons of dry solids per year and with land application of the biosolids in Denmark. The initial capital cost for STRB is higher than a conventional mechanical system; however, an STRB would provide significant power and operating-cost savings, with a significant saving in the overall cost of the plant over 20–30 years. The assessment focuses on the use of chemicals, energy and greenhouse gas emissions and includes emptying, sludge residue quality and recycling. STRB with direct land application is the most cost-effective scenario and has the lowest environmental impact. A sludge strategy consisting of an STRB will be approximately DKK 536,894–647,636 cheaper per year than the option consisting of a new screw press or decanter.
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7

Wu, Yi, Chun Yang, Guang Xing Li, and Chun Mei Zhang. "Study on Mechanical Performances of Steel Truss Reinforced Concrete Transfer Beam." Advanced Materials Research 368-373 (October 2011): 299–302. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.368-373.299.

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Experimental researches of one 1:6 scale steel truss reinforced concrete (STRC) transfer beam were carried out to investigate mechanical performances of a transfer beam under vertical loads in an actual tall building. The development of crack along the beam, strains of reinforcements and steel truss, and the force transference mechanism of the deep beam were analyzed. Experimental results showed that the bearing capacity and rigidity of the STRC transfer beam are significantly enhanced compared with normal RC transfer beam. The strut-and-tie force transference mechanism is formed in the STRC transfer beam and fully made use of by the STRC transfer beam. And results verified that the shortest and most direct force transference path can be achieved to transfer upper loads.
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8

Petersen, Jan, Sebastian Geier, Peter Wierach, and Martin Wiedemann. "In situ mechanical and electrical characterization of composite-integrated thin film-supercapacitors." MATEC Web of Conferences 188 (2018): 01028. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201818801028.

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Future transport systems will be powered more and more electrically. Generally the energy is stored in batteries. To reduce system weight and volume, multifunctional materials could be the answer. Therefore materials with the capability to store electric energy and to bear mechanical loads, need to be investigated to understand the effect of mechanical load on such structural integrated energy storage devices. In this work a thin film-supercapacitor is build up and integrated within a composite structure. The capacitor is developed to withstand the manufacturing process of a glass-fibre reinforced polymer and to carry mechanical loads, while simultaneously storing electrical energy. By using a supercapacitor housing, which is compatible to epoxy resin, a strong bonding is achieved, leading to a mechanical robust multifunctional composite. An electrolyte with large temperature window, low vapour pressure and the compatibility to a carbon based electrodes is chosen, to meet the requirement regarding the manufacturing process of the supercapacitor itself and the fibre reinforced composite. The composites with integrated thin film-supercapacitor as well as a set of reference samples are mechanically characterised in tensile and four-point bending test. In situ measurements are performed to investigate the influence of mechanical load on the electrical performance.
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9

Perkins, Michelle. "Minding the Nuclear Store." Mechanical Engineering 121, no. 03 (1999): 68–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.1999-mar-5.

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A model from Los Alamos studies the deformation of a hypothetical nuclear device when it collides with a steel plate. This shows that simulations play a key role in establishing the reliability of nuclear weapons. The scientists at Los Alamos, Sandia, and Lawrence Livermore labs are turning to huge computers and advanced visualization software to test virtual models. Visualizing and analyzing the data generated by the computational models overwhelm traditional scientific visualization methods. Scientists at Sandia National Laboratories are using computer simulations to test whether the Navy’s W76 nuclear warhead could still function amid blasts of X-rays on a nuclear battlefield. The simulations try to mathematically predict what real X-rays would do as they go through the W76's electronic circuits. Real world tests are run with weaker X-rays and the results are compared with the computer simulations. Data from old underground nuclear tests are also used to validate the computer tests.
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10

Collin, E. "Mesoscopic quantum thermo-mechanics: A new frontier of experimental physics." AVS Quantum Science 4, no. 2 (2022): 020501. http://dx.doi.org/10.1116/5.0086059.

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In the last decade, experimentalists have demonstrated their impressive ability to control mechanical modes within mesoscopic objects down to the quantum level: it is now possible to create mechanical Fock states, to entangle mechanical modes from distinct objects, and to store quantum information or transfer it from one quantum bit to another, among the many possibilities found in today's literature. Indeed, mechanics is quantum, very much like spins or electromagnetic degrees of freedom; and all of this is, in particular, referred to as a new engineering resource for quantum technologies. However, there is also much more beyond this utilitarian aspect: invoking the original discussions of Braginsky and Caves, where a quantum oscillator is thought of as a quantum detector for a classical field, namely, a gravitational wave, which is also a unique sensing capability for quantum fields. The subject of study is then the baths to which the mechanical mode is coupled to, let them be known or unknown in nature. This Perspective is about this new potentiality that addresses stochastic thermodynamics, potentially down to its quantum version, the search for a fundamental underlying (random) field postulated in recent theories that can be affiliated to the class of the wave-function collapse models, and more generally open questions of condensed matter like the actual nature of the elusive (and ubiquitous) two-level systems present within all mechanical objects. However, such research turns out to be much more demanding than the use of a few quantum mechanical modes: all the known baths have to be identified, experiments have to be conducted in-equilibrium, and the word “mechanics” needs to be justified by a real ability to move substantially the center-of-mass when a proper drive tone is applied to the system.
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