Relevant bibliographies by topics / Mechanical properties and image analysis

Contents

  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Mechanical properties and image analysis'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 18 May 2024

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Journal articles on the topic "Mechanical properties and image analysis"

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Shibata, Mario, Mizuki Tsuta, Junichi Sugiyama, Kaori Fujita, Mito Kokawa, Tetsuya Araki, and Hiroshi Nabetani. "Image Analysis of Bread Crumb Structure in Relation to Mechanical Properties." International Journal of Food Engineering 9, no. 1 (June 8, 2013): 115–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ijfe-2012-0163.

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AbstractTo correlate the mechanical properties with the crumb structure of bread, a simple and objective method of measuring air bubbles of crumb samples was developed using an image scanner and digital image processing. Four images of the sample scanned in four orthogonal directions were aligned and combined to obtain an enhanced image in which air bubble regions were emphasized by min-operation, selecting the minimum gray level among the four images for each pixel. Next, Otsu’s method was applied to threshold each sub-image of the enhanced image in order to quantify the geometries of the air bubbles precisely, and then the black regions of the image were found to be air-bubbles. As a result, the four air-bubble parameters of the bread samples were determined to be mean bubble area, mean bubble perimeter, number of bubbles, and bubble area ratio. In addition, the viscoelastic properties of the samples were measured by the creep test and determined to significantly correlate with the bubble area ratio (r > 0.59, p < 0.05). This indicates that with increasing air-bubble area, crumb hardness increases. The proposed method is inexpensive and easy to operate, and thus is considered to be applicable to the quality assessment in food factories.
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Ming, Ng Cui, Nicole Liew Siaw Ing, Ramadhansyah Putra Jaya, Zaid Hazim Al-Saffar, Muhammad Naqiuddin Mohd Warid, and Haryati Yaacob. "Image Analysis and Mechanical Properties of Asphalt Mixture with Waste Plastic." Key Engineering Materials 912 (March 4, 2022): 135–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/p-5v446b.

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Cracking is a typical problem that deteriorates the strength and longevity of a pavement structure. Waste plastic in pavement construction is cost-effective and environmentally friendly. The use of waste plastic has been growing in recent years. Adding waste plastics to the asphalt mixture would improve its physical and mechanical characteristics. As a result, it is a sustainable and long-term solution that helps to reduce plastic waste and preserve the environment. This research aims to develop the image analysis and assess the characteristic of modifying bitumen with different percentages of plastic wastes (0%, 4%, 6%, and 8%). Using blending processes, modified bitumen was prepared. The binder used in this study is penetration grade PEN 60/70. Marshall Test, Indirect Tensile Strength, Resilient Modulus and Dynamic Creep Modulus test were carried out to determine the optimum percentage of waste plastic in asphalt mixture. The modified binders can be used in high-performance asphalt mixtures, as well as to use a well-developed image analysis technique using ImageJ software to characterize asphalt pavement surfaces. The result shows that the modified asphalt mixture is more efficient than the conventional asphalt mixture. Addition of the waste plastic proved sufficient to increase the performance of the asphalt pavement as modified asphalt mixture performance is more stable than conventional mixture.
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Mao, Qian, Yonghai Sun, Jumin Hou, Libo Yu, Yang Liu, Chao Liu, and Na Xu. "Relationships of Image Texture Properties with Chewing Activity and Mechanical Properties during Mastication of Bread." International Journal of Food Engineering 12, no. 4 (June 1, 2016): 311–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ijfe-2015-0309.

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Abstract The objective of this study was to investigate the relationships of image texture properties with chewing behaviors, and mechanical properties during mastication of bread. Gray-level gradient co-occurrence matrix (GGCM) was used to process the images of boluses. The chewing behaviors were recorded by electromyography (EMG), and the mechanical properties were measured by texture analyzer. The results showed that among the texture features, the inverse difference moment (IDMGGCM) was selected as the main parameter to describe the decomposition of boluses. IDMGGCM was positively related to the weight gain (r = 0.865, p < 0.01), negatively correlated with hardness (r = –0.835, p <0.01) and EMG activity per cycle (r = –0.767, p < 0.01). GGCM is an effective texture analysis method that could correctly identify 70.1–80.8 % of food bolus images to the corresponding chewing cycles. This study provided a new clue for texture analysis of bread bolus images and offered data revealing the bolus property changes during the mastication of bread.
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S.Hiremath, P., Anita Sadashivappa, and Prakash Pattan. "Microstructure Image Analysis for Estimating Mechanical Properties of Ductile Cast Iron." International Journal of Computer Applications 107, no. 17 (December 18, 2014): 32–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.5120/18846-0278.

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Zhang, X., and V. K. Berry. "Quantitative image analysis of polymer blends." Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America 52 (1994): 920–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0424820100172334.

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Quantitative image analysis is important in understanding the role of microstructure in polymer blend properties, as revealed by the TEM. This paper presents an example of the application of the image analysis method to the study of structure/property relationship of an acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (ABS) polymer.ABS is a rubber-toughened two-phase polymer blend. As shown in Figure 1, the microstructure of ABSconsists of small rubber particles embedded in a styrene-acrylonitrile copolymer (SAN) matrix. The morphologies of these blends, which depend on the polymerization conditions, play a key role to the overall physical and mechanical properties of the blends. The quantitative characterization of the rubber phase involves measuring its volume fraction as well as the particle size distribution.Four ABS samples, available commercially, with different levels of styrene butadiene rubber (SBR),were used in this study. The samples were block stained, using osmium tctroxide (OsO4) solution, and thin sectioned in an ultramicrotome.The thin sections were examined in a JEM-100CX II TEM, operated at 60KV. The representative images were acquired on a SEMICAPS Imaging System using a GATAN CCD TV rate camera.
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Debayle, Johan. "Geometrical and morphometrical tools for the inclusion analysis of metallic alloys." Metallurgical Research & Technology 116, no. 5 (2019): 508. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/metal/2019011.

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The mechanical and use properties of metal alloys depend on several factors, including the amount and the geometry of impurities (inclusions). In this context, image analysis enables these inclusions to be studied from digital images acquired by various systems such as optical/electron microscopy or X-ray tomography. This paper therefore aims to present some geometrical and morphometrical tools of image analysis, in order to characterize inclusions in metal alloys. To achieve this quantification, many geometrical and morphometrical features are traditionally used to quantitatively describe a population of objects (inclusions). Integral geometry, via Minkowski’s functionals (in 2D: area, perimeter, Euler-Poincaré number), has been particularly investigated in image analysis. Nevertheless, they are sometimes insufficient for the characterization of complex microstructures (such as aggregates/agglomerates of objects). Other quantitative parameters are then necessary in order to discriminate or group different families of objects. In particular, shape diagrams are mathematical representations in the Euclidean plane for studying the morphology (shape) of objects, regardless of their size. In addition, this representation also makes it possible to analyze the evolution from one shape to another. In conclusion, image analysis using integral geometry and shape diagrams provide efficient tools with known mathematical properties to quantitatively describe inclusions (providing separate information on size and shape). The geometrical characteristics of these inclusions could thereafter be related to the mechanical properties of the metal alloys.
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Muoio, Annamaria, Cristiano Calabretta, Viviana Scuderi, Massimo Zimbone, and Francesco La Via. "Automatic Image Analysis of Stackingfault." Materials Science Forum 1062 (May 31, 2022): 283–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/p-ad93l3.

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3C silicon carbide is a semiconductor with remarkable properties, making it ideal for the development of long lasting devices, working in harsh environments and under high particle flows. The most significant obstacle to its wider diffusion is the presence of extended, bidimensional and linear defects in its crystal lattice. The purpose of this research is to automatically recognize defects from a TEM image by algorithm that calculates distances and angles.
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GAO, X., and J. TAN. "ANALYSIS of EXPANDED-FOOD TEXTURE BY IMAGE PROCESSING PART II: MECHANICAL PROPERTIES." Journal of Food Process Engineering 19, no. 4 (November 1996): 445–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-4530.1996.tb00404.x.

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Rao, Chetana, and Erol Tutumluer. "Determination of Volume of Aggregates: New Image-Analysis Approach." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 1721, no. 1 (January 2000): 73–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/1721-09.

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The importance of using quality aggregates with specific gradation and shape properties in asphalt concrete has been recognized by the Strategic Highway Research Program under a set of developed consensus aggregate properties. The flat and elongated ratio and angularity of the aggregate particles are those properties that directly influence the rutting potential of an asphalt pavement. Along with a need to develop rapid and automated methods for determining flat and elongated ratios of individual aggregate particles, there is also a need to develop an accurate and repeatable experimental technique. A new aggregate image analyzer has been recently developed at the University of Illinois that uses three video cameras for accurately determining the volume of each aggregate and for automating the determination of flat and elongated particles, angularity, and gradation. A new image-analysis approach determines the percentage by weight of the flat and elongated particles providing results comparable to the manual results from ASTM D4791 by presenting the results as ratios of weights. The significance of making such accurate volume computations of an individual aggregate using images is discussed. The computed aggregate volumes and the percentages by weight of flat and elongated ratios obtained for two bag samples were in very good agreement with the manual measurements, thus validating the correctness of the imaging technique and the effectiveness of the new aggregate image analyzer.
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Ryszkowska, Joanna. "Applications of Quantitative Image Analysis to the Description of the Morphology of Boehmite and their Polyurethane Nanocomposites." Materials Science Forum 514-516 (May 2006): 1658–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.514-516.1658.

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This paper presents the application of stereology methods to the description of morphological properties of nanoboehmite and its nanocomposites. Images of boemithe, fracture and cut surface of composites were obtained using high-resolution electron microscopy technique and atomic force microscopy. Quantitative analysis of the fracture structure images obtained with HRSEM technique, allowed us to explain the mechanism of changes of mechanical and thermal properties of polyurethane nanocomposites, as well as allowed to determine relationships between structure characteristics and properties of examined materials. Quantitative image analysis was also found to be useful in comparative analysis of polyurethane nanocomposites structure and structure of boehmite and products of its modification.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Mechanical properties and image analysis"

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Knapp, Steven. "Mechanical Properties of an Inconel Dissimilar Metal Weld." Thèse, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/31126.

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A pipe consisting of Inconel 600 welded to grade 106-B Carbon-Steel using Inconel 182 weld filler is used to transport heavy water in nuclear reactors. A confidential report concluded that cracking is one of the problems these pipes are currently facing. Before cracking can be fully understood the mechanical properties of the weld must be determined. This thesis analyzed the pipe at various length-scales using optical microscopy, micro-hardness testing, small and large scale tensile testing and digital image correlation (DIC). This thesis successfully achieved it goals of determining the mechanical properties and creating a model of the Inconel dissimilar metal weld. It partially met the goal of observing fracture mechanisms as it was able to observe fracture in tensile samples but was not able to successfully track crack growth.
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Salisbury, Shaun M. "A Method for Characterizing the Properties of Industrial Foams." Diss., CLICK HERE for online access, 2005. http://contentdm.lib.byu.edu/ETD/image/etd990.pdf.

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Marquina, Edgar Alberto. "Use of Dynamic Mechanical Testing, WAXD and SEM Image Analysis to Study the Properties of Polypropylene/Calcium Carbonate Nanocomposites." University of Akron / OhioLINK, 2010. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=akron1269363578.

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Mahmud, Jamaluddin. "Development of a novel technique in measuring human skin deformation in vivo to determine its mechanical properties." Thesis, Cardiff University, 2009. http://orca.cf.ac.uk/54890/.

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Demirci, Emrah. "Mechanical behaviour of thermally bonded bicomponent fibre nonwovens : experimental analysis and numerical modelling." Thesis, Loughborough University, 2011. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/8235.

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In contrast to composites and woven fabrics, nonwoven materials have a unique web structure, which is composed of randomly oriented fibres bonded in a pattern by mechanical, thermal or chemical techniques. The type of nonwovens studied in this research is a thermally bonded one with polymer-based bicomponent fibres. Such fibres have a core/sheath structure with outer layer (sheath) having a lower melting temperature than that of the core. In thermal bonding of such fibres, as the hot calender with an engraved pattern contacts the fibrous web, bond points are formed thanks to melting of the sheath material. Molten sheath material acts as an adhesive while core parts of the fibres remain fully intact in the bond points. On the other hand, web regions, which are not in contact with the hot engraved pattern, remain unaffected and form the fibre matrix that acts as a link between bond points. With two distinct regions, namely, bond points and fibre matrix, with different structures, nonwovens exhibit a unique deformation behaviour. This research aims to analyse the complex mechanical behaviour of thermally bonded bicomponent fibre nonwoven materials using a combination of experimental and numerical methods. A novel approach is introduced in the thesis to predict the complex mechanical behaviour of thermally bonded bicomponent fibre nonwovens under various threedimensional time-dependent loading conditions. Development of the approach starts with experimental studies on thermally bonded bicomponent fibre nonwovens to achieve a better understating of their complex deformation characteristics. Mechanical performance of single bicomponent fibres is investigated with tensile and relaxation tests since they are the basic constituents of nonwoven fabrics. The fabric microstructure, which is one of the most important factors affecting its mechanical behaviour, is examined with scanning electron microscopy and X-ray micro computed tomography techniques. At the final part of experimental studies, mechanical response of thermally bonded bicomponent fibre nonwovens is characterised with several mechanical tests. (Continues...).
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Weseman, Brian D. "The Effects of Retention Aid Dosage and Mechanical Energy Dissipation on Fiber Flocculation in a Flow Channel." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/7960.

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Formation plays an important role in the end-use properties of paper products, but before formation can be optimized to achieve superior properties, an understanding about the causes of formation must be developed. Formation is caused by variations in the basis weight of paper that are results of fiber floc formation before and during the forming of the sheet. This project is a first step in a larger research program aimed at studying formation. By observing the effects that mechanical energy dissipation (in the form of turbulence) and retention chemical dosage have on floc formation, we may develop a better understanding of how to control formation. In this study, a rectangular cross-section flow channel was constructed to aid in the acquisition of digital images of a flowing fiber suspension. The furnish consisted of a 55:45 spruce:pine bleached market pulp mix from a Western Canadian mill. Turbulence was varied by changing the flow rate; Reynolds numbers achieved range from 20,000 to 40,000. The retention aid used was a cationic polyacrylamide with a medium charge density. Dosage of the retention aid was varied from 0 to 2 pounds per ton OD fiber. Digital images of the flowing fiber suspension were acquired with a professional digital SLR camera with a forensics-quality lens. Three separate image analysis techniques were used to measure the flocculation state of the fiber suspension: morphological image operations, formation number analysis, and fast Fourier transform analysis. Morphological image analysis was capable of measuring floc size increases seen in the acquired floc images. It was shown how floc diameter could increase simultaneously with decreasing total floc area and total floc number. A regression model relating retention aid dosage and energy dissipation was constructed in an effort to predict flocculation. The regression model was used to predict F2 (formation number squared) results from the study. The interaction effect RE was shown to have a differing effect across the retention aid dosage levels. As a result, this model and technique may prove to be a beneficial tool in optimizing retention aid applications.
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永正, 邵., and Yongzheng Shao. "Study on the effects of matrix properties on the mechanical properties of carbon fiber reinforced plastic composites." Thesis, https://doors.doshisha.ac.jp/opac/opac_link/bibid/BB12902982/?lang=0, 2015. https://doors.doshisha.ac.jp/opac/opac_link/bibid/BB12902982/?lang=0.

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It was found that a significant improvement of mechanical properties of CFRPs can be achieved by the adjustment of the matrix properties such as toughness and CF/matrix adhesion via the chemical modification, as well as the physical modification by a small amount of cheap and environment-friendly nano fibers. Based on investigation of fracture mechanisms at macro/micro scale, the effects of matrix properties and nano fiber on the mechanical properties of CFRP have been discussed. Subsequently, the relationship has been characterized by a numerical model to show how to modulate the parameters of the matrix properties to achieve excellent fatigue properties of CFRP.
博士(工学)
Doctor of Philosophy in Engineering
同志社大学
Doshisha University
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Ulm, Daniel. "Optimalizace způsobu očkování litiny s kuličkovým grafitem." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2018. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-382194.

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The master‘s thesis deals in theoretical part with the casting classification, ductile iron casting, its inoculation and modification and quality evaluation using thermal analysis, image analysis and testing of mechanical properties. The aim of the practical part was to test the effects of preconditioning on the properties of ductile iron and to find out whether it is able to replace the current method of inoculation or to increase the mechanical properties of ductile iron castings. The state of the ductile iron was under control by spectral and thermal analysis. The mechanical properties and image analysis were checked on finished casting.
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Straka, Jakub. "Hodnocení porezity u tlakově litých odlitků z Al slitin." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2011. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-229463.

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The purpose of this diploma thesis is an evaluation of die-castings porosity, eventually the evaluation of seats with local squeeze in connection with their mechanical and structural properties. The swatches of alloy AISi9Cu3 were taken from the engine block made by Škoda Auto Company, Mladá Boleslav. To the evaluation and the comparison of the results there were used value of porosity with own measure and other student´s thesis of Brno University of technology. Sets of mechanical and structural properties were selected, evaluated and tested by statistical programs.
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Subramaniam, Dhananjay Radhakrishnan. "Role of Elasticity in Respiratory and Cardiovascular Flow." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2018. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1522054562050044.

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Books on the topic "Mechanical properties and image analysis"

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Jin, Helena. Imaging Methods for Novel Materials and Challenging Applications, Volume 3: Proceedings of the 2012 Annual Conference on Experimental and Applied Mechanics. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2013.

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Menard, Kevin P. Dynamic Mechanical Analysis. London: Taylor and Francis, 2008.

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Menard, Kevin Peter. Dynamic mechanical analysis: A practical introduction. Boca Raton, Fla: CRC Press, 1999.

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Pinfold, Martyn Keith. Composite mechanical properties for use in structural analysis. [s.l.]: typescript, 1995.

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Dynamic mechanical analysis: A practical introduction. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press, 2008.

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Greaves, Walter Stalker. The mammalian jaw: A mechanical analysis. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2012.

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The mammalian jaw: A mechanical analysis. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2012.

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Dynamic mechanical analysis for plastics engineering. Norwich, N.Y: Plastics Design Library, 1998.

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Vasiliev, Valery V. Mechanics and analysis of composite materials. Amsterdam: Elsevier, 2001.

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Cai liao jie gou yu li xue xing zhi. Beijing: Ye jin gong ye chu ban she, 2012.

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Book chapters on the topic "Mechanical properties and image analysis"

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Terzić, Anja, Ljubica Pavlović, and Vojislav Mitić. "Determination of Apparent Porosity Level of Refractory Concrete Using Ultrasonic Pulse Velocity Technique and Image Analysis." In Mechanical Properties and Performance of Engineering Ceramics and Composites VI, 151–61. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118095355.ch13.

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Szilágyi, Sándor Miklos, László Szilágyi, and Béat Hirsbrunner. "Study of Electric and Mechanic Properties of the Implanted Artificial Cardiac Tissue Using a Whole Heart Model." In Progress in Pattern Recognition, Image Analysis, Computer Vision, and Applications, 230–37. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-41827-3_29.

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Roberts, Ron J. "Particulate Analysis - Mechanical Properties." In Solid State Characterization of Pharmaceuticals, 357–86. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9780470656792.ch10.

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Moriuchi, Yusuke, Shoji Tominaga, and Takahiko Horiuchi. "Precise Analysis of Spectral Reflectance Properties of Cosmetic Foundation." In Image Analysis, 138–48. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-02230-2_15.

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Razavian, Ali Sharif, Hossein Azizpour, Atsuto Maki, Josephine Sullivan, Carl Henrik Ek, and Stefan Carlsson. "Persistent Evidence of Local Image Properties in Generic ConvNets." In Image Analysis, 249–62. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-19665-7_21.

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Koryabkina, Irina. "Method for Image Informational Properties Exploitation in Pattern Recognition Environment." In Image Analysis, 1006–13. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/3-540-45103-x_132.

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Machida, Takashi, Naokazu Yokoya, and Haruo Takemura. "Inverse Global Illumination Rendering for Dense Estimation of Surface Reflectance Properties." In Image Analysis, 790–801. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/11499145_80.

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Rieger, Bernd, Lucas J. van Vliet, and Piet W. Verbeek. "Estimation of Curvature Based Shape Properties of Surfaces in 3D Grey-Value Images." In Image Analysis, 262–67. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/3-540-45103-x_36.

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Yoshida, Nozomu. "Estimation of Mechanical Soil Properties." In Seismic Ground Response Analysis, 119–65. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-9460-2_7.

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Yoshida, Nozomu. "Modeling of Mechanical Soil Properties." In Seismic Ground Response Analysis, 167–204. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-9460-2_8.

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Conference papers on the topic "Mechanical properties and image analysis"

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Han, L. H., and T. J. Lu. "Mechanical Properties Measurement of Electroactive Polymers." In ASME 7th Biennial Conference on Engineering Systems Design and Analysis. ASMEDC, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/esda2004-58115.

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Electroactive polymers (EAPs), such as piezoelectric polymer, polyelectrolyte gels, dielectric elastomer and conducting polymer etc., are emerging as a new type of actuation materials for a broad range of actuator and transducer applications, because of their higher strain, higher response and higher efficiency. Acrylic elastomer films have demonstrated higher specific energy density (0.4J/g) and more than 100% actuated strains, and have been recommended for the artificial muscle actuators. Much research has been carried out to investigate the actuation properties of EAP films, however, little information is available for the mechanical properties of EAP films, which are crucial for designing EAP actuators. This work focuses on developing a means of characterizing the mechanical properties of EAP thin film materials, describing the mechanical behavior with the suitable constitutive models and determining the material parameters for the development of actuators. To measure the mechanical properties of EAP films, a uniaxial testing system is developed, which consists of a small-scale force transducer, a CCD camera, a National Instruments card and a laser displacement transducer. The loading and unloading cycles on film specimens are controlled by an Instron Machine. The applied force and the total are stored in the computer by the National Instrument card. A sequence of 2D images are recorded by the CCD camera to capture the deformation process of the film sample. Then, the displacements of the marks on the film surface vertical to the thickness plane are calculated from the sequential images by image analysis techniques. There are several well-known models available to describe the mechanical behaviors of the EAP films, such as Neo-Hookean, Mooney-Rivlin and Ogden models etc. To determine the most suitable constitutive models and corresponding material constants, a generalized method based on finite element analysis is proposed and implemented by interfacing with ABAQUS finite element package. The kernel of the method is to minimize the difference between the measured displacement field and the computed displacement field. A global optimisation algorithm, simulated annealing (SA), is used to minimize the objective. The experimental investigation on the mechanical properties of the dielectric elastomer film (VHB4910) is presented as an example to demonstrate the functions of the testing system and the developed method. The developed testing system and method can also be used for characterizing the mechanical properties of other EAP film materials.
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Fuentes Garcia, Miguel Angel, Abigail J. Wohlfert, David Chesson, Jennifer R. Vranish, and Steven R. Anton. "Approaching the Analysis of the Mechanical Properties of Human Achilles Tendon." In ASME 2022 Conference on Smart Materials, Adaptive Structures and Intelligent Systems. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/smasis2022-91158.

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Abstract The literature shows there is no validated procedure to measure the tensile properties in different regions along the length of human tendons. The slippery surfaces and non-homogeneous properties of tendons reduce the probability of success when using traditional methods. So, there is a need to implement an experimental technique that ensures accurate measurement of the mechanical properties of human tissue. The development of new technologies allows us to face problems with new approaches. Computer vision is a trending topic in the development of new technology, one of its branches is digital image correlation (DIC). DIC is a non-contact technique used for tracking pixels along a group of sequential images and, when combined with tensile testing, can be used to track sample deformation and strain at discrete points in space. This work develops a technique that analyzes bovine tendons using digital image correlation and custom-designed 3D printed clamps. The advantage of DIC is that it analyzes the deformation of the tendon throughout the complete sample, allowing us to quantify the mechanical properties in different regions within the tendon. First, a 3D printed clamp is designed considering the challenges of gripping soft tissue. The clamp prevents damage to the tissue during testing. A random speckle pattern is created on the surface of a roller using open CAD software named OpenSCAD. The bovine tendons are painted with the roller and tested in a uniaxial load frame. These results can be used in the future to repeat this technique with human Achilles tendons to quantify the tensile properties of the tendon and aid in the design and material selection of prosthetic tendons for people suffering from injury or disease.
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Gladilin, Evgeny, and Roland Eils. "Image- and Numerics-Based Analysis of Constitutive Properties of Cellular Structures." In ASME 2007 Summer Bioengineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/sbc2007-175995.

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External forces, cell adhesion and soluble signaling molecules influence fundamental functions of cells like shape, migration, proliferation or differentiation. Thus, investigating how mechanical forces affect 3D cell structure and function is of crucial significance in order to gain a better understanding healthy and malignant cell behavior during embryogenesis, regeneration or malignancy [1]. Micromanipulation of cells in a controlled environment is a widely used approach for understanding cellular responses with respect to external mechanical forces. While experimental data provide optical information about the overall cell shape, the 3D deformation state of intracellular structures is not accessible by direct observations and measurements. However, the continuous description of the intracellular deformation state can be calculated as a numerical solution of the boundary value problem given by the partial differential equations of structural mechanics, including a set of canonic material constants (stiffness, compressibility), and the boundary conditions derived from time series of images, e.g. change of visible cell contours. The main idea of our approach is to reformulate the problem of finding optimal modeling parameters as an image registration problem. That is the optimal set of modeling parameters corresponds to the minimum of a suitable similarity measure between computationally predicted and experimentally observed deformations. In this article, we focus on the numerical analysis of uniaxial stretching of a rat embryonic fibroblast 52 (REF 52) based on a series of 2D images reflecting the successive alteration of cell contours during deformation. The goal of this study consists in finding an optimal set of material constants within a non-linear hyperelastic material law, which is able to reproduce results of experimental observations.
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Syed Bava Bakrudeen, A. "Dramatic improvement in Mechanical properties and SEM image analysis of Al-CNT composite." In 2013 International Conference on Advanced Nanomaterials and Emerging Engineering Technologies (ICANMEET). IEEE, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icanmeet.2013.6609272.

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SVOBODOVÁ, Lucie, Karel HAVLÍČEK, and Totka BAKALOVA. "A WAY TO PREDICT PHYSICAL AND MECHANICAL PROPERTIES NANOFIBERS STRUCTURES THROUGH IMAGE ANALYSIS METHODS." In NANOCON 2019. TANGER Ltd., 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.37904/nanocon.2019.8553.

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Zhang, J. M., J. G. Sun, and Z. J. Pei. "Optical Transmission Properties of Silicon Wafters: Theoretical Analysis." In ASME 2004 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2004-59195.

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As a nondestructive measurement method, laser scattering has been preliminarily applied to detect subsurface damage in silicon wafers, but the quantitative correlation between scatter images and subsurface damage depth has not been established yet. In order to assess subsurface damage depth in silicon wafers, a systematic study has been carried out. In the authors’ another paper, a detailed experimental investigation on optical transmission percentage of silicon wafers was presented. As a follow up, this paper will describe a method to calculate the “skin depth” of silicon wafers from the experimental data of optical transmission percentage. And also, how to apply this “skin depth” on assessment of subsurface damage depth will be discussed.
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Ogbuanu, Kelechi O., and R. Valéry Roy. "A Novel Computational Framework for the Effective Transport Properties of Heterogeneous Materials Reconstructed From Digital Images." In ASME 2021 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2021-70817.

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Abstract In computational material science, Digital Image Processing and Big Data analysis play a crucial role in Microstructure Characterization and Reconstruction (MCR), especially in the estimation of structure-property relationships. In this work, we are interested in the calculation of the effective transport properties of composite materials from digital images. Because most MCR techniques are heavily statistical, they may suffer from significant microstructure information loss as they are incapable of reproducing exact images of microstructures. Here, we take advantage of pattern recognition algorithms to extract nearly exact morphological information pertaining to the interphase boundaries from digital microstructural images, thereby minimizing information loss. The data extracted then serves as the basis for our effective transport property module for calculating the effective properties of two-phase composite materials in a way that is automated, fast, stable, memory efficient, and accurate. Our current formulation is limited to circular or near-circular inclusions, with very large contrast properties. Preliminary numerical tests on four cases of 2D, two-phase microstructure images yielded relative errors ranging from 0.1% to 2.0%, for image pixel density around 1000 × 1000 pixels. These relative errors are perfectly acceptable without having to resort to unrealistic image sizes.
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Ctibor, P., K. Neufuss, and P. Chraska. "Mechanical Properties of Plasma Sprayed Titania Coatings." In ITSC2006, edited by B. R. Marple, M. M. Hyland, Y. C. Lau, R. S. Lima, and J. Voyer. ASM International, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.31399/asm.cp.itsc2006p0821.

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Abstract Agglomerated titania nanopowder and a “classical” titania were sprayed by the high throughput WSP and thoroughly compared. Optical microscopy with image analysis as well as mercury intrusion porosimetry were utilized for quantification of porosity. Results indicate that the “nano” coatings in general exhibit finer pores than coatings of the “conventional” micron-sized powders. Mechanical properties like Vickers microhardness and slurry abrasion response were measured and linked to the structural investigation. Impact of the variation in the slurry composition on wear resistance of tested coatings and on character of the wear damage is discussed. The over-all results however suggest that the “nano” coatings properties are better only for carefully selected sets of spraying parameters, which seem to have a very important impact.
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Ha, Jong-Eun, Jun-Hyub Park, Joong-Hyok An, and Yun-Jae Kim. "Image-Based Displacement Measurement System for the Characterization of Mechanical Properties of Thin Films." In 2007 First International Conference on Integration and Commercialization of Micro and Nanosystems. ASMEDC, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/mnc2007-21570.

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This paper proposes a method for the direct measurement of displacement through the analysis of image. We designed specimen with indicator for the image-based displacement measurement system. First, illumination system for the simple processing of image is investigated. We found that backlight system gives a high contrast image for measurement. Measurement could be done by finding the positions of 8 rectangular-shape indicators. This is done by the analysis of intensity profile along vertical direction in each region of interest. In each region of interest we find two positions of peaks. Also, for easy setup procedure, region of interest is found automatically through the analysis of edge projection profile along the horizontal direction. Current system uses two types CCD camera with image size of 640×480 pixels and 1600×1200 pixels. The number of pixel is important to resolution of measurement. To gain confidence in reliability of the system, pre-test using the Al-3%Ti thin film was performed, which is widely used in the switches and other MEMS devices. The specimen was fabricated with dimensions of 1000μm long, 1.0μm thickness, and width of 50μm. Tensile tests were performed and measured displacement using the developed system and capacitance type displacement sensor, simultaneously. Current systems are implemented on PC with 2.7GHz CPU with 752Mbyte memory and we can obtain measurements rate of 10Hz. It is possible to measure fatigue property of thin films with easy setup and accuracy by proposed system.
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Yazdani, Saami K., Pavlos P. Vlachos, Joel L. Berry, and Olga Pierrakos. "Analysis of Fluid-Stent Interaction via Digital Particle Image Velocimetry." In ASME 2002 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2002-32585.

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Vascular stents are commonly used as a scaffold to hold arteries open after angioplasty. The clinical use of stents has also extended to treatment of cerebral aneurysms and as a graft anchor for endoluminal treatment of abdominal aortic aneurysms. In spite of the clinical success of stents, very little quantitative data exist on how stent structure influences blood flow patterns. Once in place, stents alter the mechanical and geometrical properties of the arterial tree. Such alterations represent an impedance mismatch between stent and unstented vessel. These changes appear to have a profound influence on pressure and flow wave interaction. These alterations may play a role in flow mediated stent failure [1, 2].
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Reports on the topic "Mechanical properties and image analysis"

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Huang, Haohang, Jiayi Luo, Kelin Ding, Erol Tutumluer, John Hart, and Issam Qamhia. I-RIPRAP 3D Image Analysis Software: User Manual. Illinois Center for Transportation, June 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.36501/0197-9191/23-008.

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Riprap rock and aggregates are commonly used in various engineering applications such as structural, transportation, geotechnical, and hydraulic engineering. To ensure the quality of the aggregate materials selected for these applications, it is important to determine their morphological properties such as size and shape. There have been many imaging approaches developed to characterize the size and shape of individual aggregates, but obtaining 3D characterization of aggregates in stockpiles at production or construction sites can be a challenging task. This research study introduces a new approach based on deep learning techniques that combines three developed research components: field 3D reconstruction procedures, 3D stockpiles instance segmentation, and 3D shape completion. The approach is designed to reconstruct aggregate stockpiles from multiple images, segment the stockpile into individual instances, and predict the unseen sides of each instance (particle) based on the partially visible shapes. The approach was validated using ground-truth measurements and demonstrated satisfactory algorithm performance in capturing and predicting the unseen sides of aggregates. For better user experience, the integrated approach has been implemented into a software application named “I-RIPRAP 3D,” with a user-friendly graphical user interface (GUI). This stockpile aggregate analysis approach is envisioned to provide efficient field evaluation of aggregate stockpiles by offering convenient and reliable solutions for on-site quality assurance and quality control tasks of riprap rock and aggregate stockpiles. This document provides information for users of the I-RIPRAP 3D software to make the best use of the software’s capabilities.
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Leis. L51845 Database of Mechanical and Toughness Properties of Pipe. Chantilly, Virginia: Pipeline Research Council International, Inc. (PRCI), December 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.55274/r0010150.

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�The lower-strength grades of steel used for transmission pipelines into the 60s were much like those used in other steel construction in that era. These steels gained strength by traditional hardening mechanisms through chemistry changes, largely involving carbon and manganese additions. Improvement of these grades, primarily through control of ingot chemistry and steel processing, became necessary when running brittle fracture was identified as a failure mechanism in gas-transmission pipelines in the late 50s. Eventually, this avenue to increasing strength was exhausted for pipeline applications because this approach causes increased susceptibility to hydrogen-related cracking mechanisms as strength increases. For this reason, modern steels differ significantly from their predecessors in several ways, with the transition from traditional C-Mn ferrite-pearlite steels beginning in the mid 60s with the introduction of high-strength-low-alloy (HSLA) steels. This report presents the results of projects, PR-3-9606 and PR-3-9737, both of which were planned as multi-year projects. The first of these projects initially was conceived to provide broad evaluation of the fitness-for-service of wrinkle bends while the second was conceived to generate mechanical and fracture properties data for use in the integrity analysis of both the pipe body and weld seams in modern gas-transmission pipeline systems. As possible duplication between a joint industry project and the PRCI project became apparent, this project was scaled back to focus on properties of steels used in construction involving wrinkle bends. Consideration also was given to a more modern steel such as might be found in ripple bends, which are formed in bending machines that now have become widely used. The second project likewise was reduced in scope, with a focus on only the pipe body. Because both projects ended being centered on mechanical and fracture properties, both are presented in this combination report.
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Li, Yuheng, Deming Shu, and T. M. Kuzay. Explosion bonding of dissimilar materials for fabricating APS front end components: Analysis of metallurgical and mechanical properties and UHV applications. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), June 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/96830.

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Wang, Jy-An John, Hao Jiang, and Hong Wang. Using Finite Model Analysis and Out of Hot Cell Surrogate Rod Testing to Analyze High Burnup Used Nuclear Fuel Mechanical Properties. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), July 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1148865.

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Huang, Haohang, Erol Tutumluer, Jiayi Luo, Kelin Ding, Issam Qamhia, and John Hart. 3D Image Analysis Using Deep Learning for Size and Shape Characterization of Stockpile Riprap Aggregates—Phase 2. Illinois Center for Transportation, September 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.36501/0197-9191/22-017.

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Riprap rock and aggregates are extensively used in structural, transportation, geotechnical, and hydraulic engineering applications. Field determination of morphological properties of aggregates such as size and shape can greatly facilitate the quality assurance/quality control (QA/QC) process for proper aggregate material selection and engineering use. Many aggregate imaging approaches have been developed to characterize the size and morphology of individual aggregates by computer vision. However, 3D field characterization of aggregate particle morphology is challenging both during the quarry production process and at construction sites, particularly for aggregates in stockpile form. This research study presents a 3D reconstruction-segmentation-completion approach based on deep learning techniques by combining three developed research components: field 3D reconstruction procedures, 3D stockpile instance segmentation, and 3D shape completion. The approach was designed to reconstruct aggregate stockpiles from multi-view images, segment the stockpile into individual instances, and predict the unseen side of each instance (particle) based on the partial visible shapes. Based on the dataset constructed from individual aggregate models, a state-of-the-art 3D instance segmentation network and a 3D shape completion network were implemented and trained, respectively. The application of the integrated approach was demonstrated on re-engineered stockpiles and field stockpiles. The validation of results using ground-truth measurements showed satisfactory algorithm performance in capturing and predicting the unseen sides of aggregates. The algorithms are integrated into a software application with a user-friendly graphical user interface. Based on the findings of this study, this stockpile aggregate analysis approach is envisioned to provide efficient field evaluation of aggregate stockpiles by offering convenient and reliable solutions for on-site QA/QC tasks of riprap rock and aggregate stockpiles.
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Mohanty, Subhasish, William Soppet, Saurin Majumdar, and Ken Natesan. Thermal-Mechanical Stress Analysis of PWR Pressure Vessel and Nozzles under Grid Load-Following Mode: Interim Report on the Effect of Cyclic Hardening Material Properties and Pre-existing Cracks on Stress Analysis Results. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), March 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1249554.

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Tiku, Pussegoda, and Luffman. L52031 In-Situ Pipeline Mechanical Property Characterization. Chantilly, Virginia: Pipeline Research Council International, Inc. (PRCI), June 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.55274/r0011133.

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The focus in the present study was to establish whether there is a reasonable correlation between the Charpy Vee Notch (CVN) toughness and the non-destructive Potential Difference (PD) measurements of ferritic-pearlitic steels having a range of CVN toughness values. Complete material characterization was carried out for six steels procured for this program. The characterization included chemical analysis, microstructural information, tensile properties and CVN transition curves. In addition, most of the data including the CVN transition curves were available for five suitable pipe line steels from a recent publication in the literature.
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Leis. L51682 Ductile Fracture and Mechanical Behavior of Typical X42 and X80 Line-Pipe Steels. Chantilly, Virginia: Pipeline Research Council International, Inc. (PRCI), October 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.55274/r0010110.

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This report presents the results of Structural Integrity (SI) Task 1.11-1990, which was initiated to develop the properties for a steel that was typical of lower strength early vintage pipe and anothersteel that represents the more recent controlled-rolled high-strength and high-toughness pipe. Samples of X42 and X80 steels were chosen as the basis for study. The approach was to compare the properties for these steels with the behavior assumed in the analysis and embedded in the model formulation. If the behavior of the new materials is compatible with the current formulation then it can be concluded that the model can with minor changes and related validation be extended to a much broader scope of pipeline applications. This report presents the ductile-fracture and mechanical properties needed to implement the ductile-flaw-growth model and then comments on the modifications needed to adapt the model to this broader class of steels by comparison of the results presented with the formulation developed to address the steels in the earlier study.
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Clausen, Jay, Susan Frankenstein, Jason Dorvee, Austin Workman, Blaine Morriss, Keran Claffey, Terrance Sobecki, et al. Spatial and temporal variance of soil and meteorological properties affecting sensor performance—Phase 2. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), September 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/41780.

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An approach to increasing sensor performance and detection reliability for buried objects is to better understand which physical processes are dominant under certain environmental conditions. The present effort (Phase 2) builds on our previously published prior effort (Phase 1), which examined methods of determining the probability of detection and false alarm rates using thermal infrared for buried-object detection. The study utilized a 3.05 × 3.05 m test plot in Hanover, New Hampshire. Unlike Phase 1, the current effort involved removing the soil from the test plot area, homogenizing the material, then reapplying it into eight discrete layers along with buried sensors and objects representing targets of inter-est. Each layer was compacted to a uniform density consistent with the background undisturbed density. Homogenization greatly reduced the microscale soil temperature variability, simplifying data analysis. The Phase 2 study spanned May–November 2018. Simultaneous measurements of soil temperature and moisture (as well as air temperature and humidity, cloud cover, and incoming solar radiation) were obtained daily and recorded at 15-minute intervals and coupled with thermal infrared and electro-optical image collection at 5-minute intervals.
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Gantzer, Clark J., Shmuel Assouline, and Stephen H. Anderson. Synchrotron CMT-measured soil physical properties influenced by soil compaction. United States Department of Agriculture, February 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2006.7587242.bard.

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Methods to quantify soil conditions of pore connectivity, tortuosity, and pore size as altered by compaction were done. Air-dry soil cores were scanned at the GeoSoilEnviroCARS sector at the Advanced Photon Source for x-ray computed microtomography of the Argonne facility. Data was collected on the APS bending magnet Sector 13. Soil sample cores 5- by 5-mm were studied. Skeletonization algorithms in the 3DMA-Rock software of Lindquist et al. were used to extract pore structure. We have numerically investigated the spatial distribution for 6 geometrical characteristics of the pore structure of repacked Hamra soil from three-dimensional synchrotron computed microtomography (CMT) computed tomographic images. We analyzed images representing cores volumes 58.3 mm³ having average porosities of 0.44, 0.35, and 0.33. Cores were packed with < 2mm and < 0.5mm sieved soil. The core samples were imaged at 9.61-mm resolution. Spatial distributions for pore path length and coordination number, pore throat size and nodal pore volume obtained. The spatial distributions were computed using a three-dimensional medial axis analysis of the void space in the image. We used a newly developed aggressive throat computation to find throat and pore partitioning for needed for higher porosity media such as soil. Results show that the coordination number distribution measured from the medial axis were reasonably fit by an exponential relation P(C)=10⁻C/C0. Data for the characteristic area, were also reasonably well fit by the relation P(A)=10⁻ᴬ/ᴬ0. Results indicates that compression preferentially affects the largest pores, reducing them in size. When compaction reduced porosity from 44% to 33%, the average pore volume reduced by 30%, and the average pore-throat area reduced by 26%. Compaction increased the shortest paths interface tortuosity by about 2%. Soil structure alterations induced by compaction using quantitative morphology show that the resolution is sufficient to discriminate soil cores. This study shows that analysis of CMT can provide information to assist in assessment of soil management to ameliorate soil compaction.
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