Journal articles on the topic 'Mechanical et Tribological properties'

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1

Sha, W. "Comment on “Modeling of tribological properties of alumina fiber reinforced zinc–aluminum composites using artificial neural network” by K. Genel et al. [Mater. Sci. Eng. A 363 (2003) 203]." Materials Science and Engineering: A 372, no. 1-2 (May 2004): 334–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.msea.2004.01.001.

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2

Krbata, Michal, Robert Ciger, Marcel Kohutiar, Maria Sozańska, Maroš Eckert, Igor Barenyi, Marta Kianicova, et al. "Correction: Krbata et al. Effect of Supercritical Bending on the Mechanical & Tribological Properties of Inconel 625 Welded Using the Cold Metal Transfer Method on a 16Mo3 Steel Pipe. Materials 2023, 16, 5014." Materials 17, no. 3 (January 29, 2024): 658. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma17030658.

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3

Danilova, Sakhayana N., Sofia B. Yarusova, Yuri N. Kulchin, Ivan G. Zhevtun, Igor Yu Buravlev, Aitalina A. Okhlopkova, Pavel S. Gordienko, and Evgeniy P. Subbotin. "UHMWPE/CaSiO3 Nanocomposite: Mechanical and Tribological Properties." Polymers 13, no. 4 (February 14, 2021): 570. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym13040570.

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This paper studied the effect of additives of 0.5–20 wt.% synthetic CaSiO3 wollastonite on the thermodynamic, mechanical, and tribological characteristics and structure of polymer composite materials (PCM) based on ultra-high-molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE). Using thermogravimetric analysis, X-ray fluorescence, scanning electron microscope, and laser light diffraction methods, it was shown that autoclave synthesis in the multicomponent system CaSO4·2H2O–SiO2·nH2O–KOH–H2O allows one to obtain neeindle-shaped nanosized CaSiO3 particles. It was shown that synthetic wollastonite is an effective filler of UHMWPE, which can significantly increase the deformation-strength and tribological characteristics of PCM. The active participation of wollastonite in tribochemical reactions occurring during friction of PCM by infrared spectroscopy was detected: new peaks related to oxygen-containing functional groups (hydroxyl and carbonyl) appeared. The developed UHMWPE/CaSiO3 materials have high wear resistance and can be used as triboengineering materials.
4

Wyatt, Brian C., Andreas Rosenkranz, and Babak Anasori. "2D MXenes: Tunable Mechanical and Tribological Properties." Advanced Materials 33, no. 17 (March 18, 2021): 2007973. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/adma.202007973.

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5

Hedenqvist, Per, Staffan Jacobson, and Sture Hogmark. "Tribological PVD coatings — characterisation of mechanical properties." Surface and Coatings Technology 97, no. 1-3 (December 1997): 212–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0257-8972(97)00192-8.

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6

Elzubair, A., N. F. de Oliveira, F. Munhoz, C. Flor, F. Fiat, N. Baghdadli, S. S. Camargo, and G. S. Luengo. "Tribological and Mechanical Properties of Brazilian Hair." Biotribology 12 (December 2017): 33–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biotri.2017.06.001.

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Sun, Feng Yan, Qing Mei Wang, and Jian Jun Qu. "Mechanical and Tribological Properties of Fiber Reinforced Ekonol Composites." Advanced Materials Research 219-220 (March 2011): 337–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.219-220.337.

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Carbon fiber(CF) and Kevlar fiber(KF) were used as reinforcing agents to fill Ekonol(EK) respectively. Mechanical and tribological properties of composite systems were tested. When CF was used as the EK reinforced filler, the mechanical properties of EK composites couldn’t be enhanced obviously, and the tribological properties were reduced. When KF was filled in EK matrix, it could greatly improve the impact strength of EK composite by reducing crack formation and inhibiting crack propagation. The KF/EK composite has good tribological properties. It keeps the high friction low wear performance advantage of EK, and solves its problem of forming difficulty. In EK composite, KF plays the role of reinforcing agents and friction modifier at the same time, and then it is a kind of excellent EK reinforced filler.
8

Lu, Y., J. Chen, H. Cui, and H. Zhou. "Mechanical and tribological properties of titanium reinforced polybenzimidazole." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part J: Journal of Engineering Tribology 223, no. 7 (June 2, 2009): 971–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1243/13506501jet595.

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9

Cheng, Y. H., T. Browne, B. Heckerman, and E. I. Meletis. "Mechanical and tribological properties of nanocomposite TiSiN coatings." Surface and Coatings Technology 204, no. 14 (April 2010): 2123–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.surfcoat.2009.11.034.

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10

Chen, Zhaobin, Tongsheng Li, Yuliang Yang, Xujun Liu, and Renguo Lv. "Mechanical and tribological properties of PA/PPS blends." Wear 257, no. 7-8 (October 2004): 696–707. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.wear.2004.03.013.

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11

Pei, Xianqiang, Michael Evstatiev, and Klaus Friedrich. "Mechanical and Tribological Properties of PET/HDPE MFCs." International Journal of Polymeric Materials 61, no. 12 (November 2012): 963–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00914037.2011.610065.

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12

Ünlü, B. S. "Tribological and mechanical properties of PM journal bearings." Powder Metallurgy 54, no. 3 (July 2011): 338–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1179/003258909x12553422176880.

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13

Gao, Peihu, Qiaoqin Guo, Yazhe Xing, and Yongchun Guo. "Structural, Mechanical, and Tribological Properties of Hard Coatings." Coatings 13, no. 2 (February 1, 2023): 325. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/coatings13020325.

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14

Shi, Shih‐Chen, Chi-Feng Lin, Chi-Fan Liu, and Tao-Hsing Chen. "Tribological and mechanical properties of cellulose/PMMA composite." Polymers and Polymer Composites 30 (January 2022): 096739112211409. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/09673911221140935.

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Cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) and cellulose nanofibers (CNFs) extracted from rice stalks were added to poly-methyl methacrylate (PMMA) with weight ratios of 0.1–1.0 wt%. The tribological and mechanical properties of the resulting composite materials were evaluated and compared. The addition of CNCs and CNFs reduced the wear volume by around 72–90% compared to pure PMMA samples in ball-on-disk wear tests performed against a chrome steel ball counter body. The CNC and CNF reinforcements also effectively improved flow stress under static and dynamic deformation conditions. Furthermore, the flow stress enhancement increased with an increasing CNC/CNF addition for both composite materials. For a constant strain and strain rate, the maximum enhancement effect was observed in the samples reinforced with CNFs. Overall, the CNF/PMMA showed a better tribological and mechanical performance than the CNC/PMMA. In addition, the CNFs had a longer length and higher aspect ratio than CNCs, which led to a more effective mechanical entanglement effect with the PMMA matrix. This physical entanglement improved the structural integrity of the composites. The CNC reinforcement (CNC percentage from 0% to 1.0 wt.%) also enhanced an effective improvement of about 35%∼45% in yield stress and ultimate strength under dynamic deformation conditions and static deformation conditions. Furthermore, the CNF reinforcement (CNF percentage from 0% to 1 wt%) also enhanced an effective improvement of about double yield stress and ultimate strength under dynamic deformation conditions and static deformation conditions.
15

Han, Yukun, Kang Yang, Peixing Jing, Bing Xue, and Weidong Ma. "Mechanical and tribological properties of NiAl/muscovite composites." Journal of Alloys and Compounds 741 (April 2018): 765–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2018.01.169.

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16

Ünlü, Bekir Sadık, Hülya Durmuş, and Selda Akgün. "Tribological and mechanical properties of Al alloyed bearings." Journal of Alloys and Compounds 487, no. 1-2 (November 2009): 225–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2009.07.107.

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17

Ovsik, Martin, Klara Fucikova, Lukas Manas, and Michal Stanek. "Influence of Polymer Flow on Polypropylene Morphology, Micro-Mechanical, and Tribological Properties of Injected Part." Lubricants 12, no. 6 (June 4, 2024): 202. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/lubricants12060202.

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This research investigates the micro-mechanical and tribological properties of injection-molded parts made from polypropylene. The tribological properties of polymers are a very interesting area of research. Understanding tribological processes is very crucial. Considering that the mechanical and tribological properties of injected parts are not uniform at various points of the part, this research was conducted to explain the non-homogeneity of properties along the flow path. Non-homogeneity can be influenced by numerous factors, including distance from the gate, mold and melt temperature, injection pressure, crystalline structure, cooling rate, the surface of the mold, and others. The key factor from the micro-mechanical and tribological properties point of view is the polymer morphology (degree of crystallinity and size of the skin and core layers). The morphology is influenced by polymer flow and the injection molding process conditions. Gained results indicate that the indentation method was sufficiently sensitive to capture the changes in polypropylene morphology, which is a key parameter for the resulting micro-mechanical and tribological properties of the part. It was proven that the mechanical and tribological properties are not equal in varying regions of the part. Due to cooling and process parameters, the difference in the indentation modulus in individual measurement points was up to 55%, and the tribological properties, in particular the friction coefficient, showed a difference of up to 20%. The aforementioned results indicate the impact this finding signifies for injection molding technology in technical practice. Tribological properties are a key property of the part surface and, together with micro-mechanical properties, characterize the resistance of the surface to mechanical failure of the plastic part when used in engineering applications. A suitable choice of gate location, finishing method of the cavity surface, and process parameters can ensure the improvement of mechanical and tribological properties in stressed regions of the part. This will increase the stiffness and wear resistance of the surface.
18

Li, Huaqiang, Wei Chen, Ziqiang Zhao, Zhaoxun Wang, Chen Zhang, Jinghui Gao, and Lisheng Zhong. "Microstructure, Mechanical and Tribological Properties of Si3N4/Mo-Laminated Composites." Materials 15, no. 8 (April 9, 2022): 2772. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma15082772.

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(1) Background: the applications of ceramic materials in a friction pair and a moving pair are limited, just because of their poor toughness and unsatisfactory tribological characteristics. In view of this, Mo as a soft metal layer was added into a Si3N4 matrix to improve its toughness and tribological characteristics. (2) Methods: The microstructure and metal/ceramic transition layer were examined using X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscope, electron dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, and Vickers hardness. Bending strength and fracture toughness were also measured. Tribological characteristics were obtained on the pin-on-disc wear tester. (3) Results: It can be found that the multilayer structure could improve the fracture toughness of laminated composite compared with single-phase Si3N4, but the bending strength was significantly reduced. Through microstructure observation, the transition layer of Si3N4/Mo-laminated composite was revealed as follows: Si3N4→MoSi2→Mo5Si3→Mo3Si→Mo. Moreover, the addition of the Mo interface to silicon nitride ceramic could not significantly improve the tribological properties of Si3N4 ceramic against titanium alloy in seawater, and the friction coefficients and wear rates of the sliding pairs increased with the increase in load. (4) Conclusions: The process failed to simultaneously improve the comprehensive mechanical properties and tribological performance of Si3N4 ceramic by adding Mo as the soft interfacial layer. However, the utilization of metal interfacial layers to enhance the toughness of ceramics was further recognized and has potential significance for the optimization of ceramic formulation.
19

Duda, P., R. Muzyka, Z. Robak, and S. Kaptacz. "Mechanical Properties of Graphene Oxide–Copper Composites." Archives of Metallurgy and Materials 61, no. 2 (June 1, 2016): 863–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/amm-2016-0146.

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Abstract Due to their characteristics, sintered Cu-C composites are materials used in electrical equipment. These characteristics include high electrical conductivity, thermal conductivity and excellent resistance to abrasion. Currently, graphite nanopowder is used successfully as a carbon material. Metal-graphite, which is created on its basis, exists in different proportions of graphite to metal. A larger graphite content has a positive effect on smaller wear of commutators and rings. In contrast, a material with a higher copper content is used at high current densities. An example of such machines is a DC motor starter characterized by low voltage and large current. Tribological properties of Cu-C composites depend on the form of carbon they include. Owing to the capability to manufacture graphene, it has become possible to produce composites with its content. The present study tested the effect of a graphene oxide content on tribological properties in contact with steel. Tests were conducted on a ball-on-disk apparatus in conditions of dry friction. Microscopic observation was performed on the Hitachi SU70 field emission electron microscope. EDS analyses were performed using the Thermo Scientific X-ray Microanalysis system. Disk wear and surface geometrical structure parameters (SGP) of the samples after tribological tests were determined on the basis of measurements made on the Talysurf 3D contact profilometer from Taylor Hobson.
20

Samusenko, V. D., I. R. Tatur, O. A. Kal’yanova, S. S. Strel’nikova, and I. A. Buyanovskii. "Protective and Tribological Properties of Sulfonate Greases." Проблемы машиностроения и надежности машин, no. 6 (November 1, 2023): 32–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.31857/s0235711923060159.

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The protective properties and temperature resistance of sulfonate greases based on petroleum oil KS-19 have been assessed. Highly alkaline calcium sulfonates of Russian and foreign production are used as thickeners for such greases. Sulfonate greases have been shown to have good protective properties. It has been established that the ability of sulfonate greases to prevent corrosion depends on the protective properties of calcium sulfonate used as a thickener. Based on the totality of the indicators obtained, the grease based on the Russian-made K-314 thickener has the best properties; in temperature resistance, it is superior to the sample on the foreign thickener Lubrizol 86 GR, and in terms of protective properties, it is on the same level with it.
21

Wieczorek, J., B. Oleksiak, J. Łabaj, B. Węcki, and M. Mańka. "Silver Matrix Composites - Structure and Properties." Archives of Metallurgy and Materials 61, no. 1 (March 1, 2016): 323–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/amm-2016-0060.

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Phase compositions of composite materials determine their performance as well as physical and mechanical properties. Depending on the type of applied matrix and the kind, amount and morphology of the matrix reinforcement, it is possible to shape the material properties so that they meet specific operational requirements. In the paper, results of investigations on silver alloy matrix composites reinforced with ceramic particles are presented. The investigations enabled evaluation of hardness, tribological and mechanical properties as well as the structure of produced materials. The matrix of composite material was an alloy of silver and aluminium, magnesium and silicon. As the reinforcing phase, 20-60 μm ceramic particles (SiC, SiO2, Al2O3 and Cs) were applied. The volume fraction of the reinforcing phase in the composites was 10%. The composites were produced using the liquid phase (casting) technology, followed by plastic work (the KOBO method). The mechanical and tribological properties were analysed for plastic work-subjected composites. The mechanical properties were assessed based on a static tensile and hardness tests. The tribological properties were investigated under dry sliding conditions. The analysis of results led to determination of effects of the composite production technology on their performance. Moreover, a relationship between the type of reinforcing phase and the mechanical and tribological properties was established.
22

Shang, Yingshuang, Xian Wu, Yifan Liu, Zilong Jiang, Zhaoyang Wang, Zhenhua Jiang, and Haibo Zhang. "Preparation of PEEK/MWCNTs composites with excellent mechanical and tribological properties." High Performance Polymers 31, no. 1 (January 17, 2018): 43–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0954008317750726.

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The high strength of multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) indicates promising properties for industry applications to reduce frictional coefficient and improve mechanical properties, yet few researches have referred to its structural morphology on the thermal, mechanical, and tribological properties of composites. In this work, three different lengths of MWCNTs were used to prepare polyether ether ketone (PEEK) composites and investigate the effect of structural morphology of MWCNTs on the thermal, mechanical, and tribological properties of composites. Different lengths of MWCNTs endowed PEEK composites with different thermal, mechanical, and tribological properties. On thermal and mechanical properties, the incorporation of 10–30 μm length of MWCNTs increased more the effectiveness on the crystallization rate, showing a higher crystallization temperature and the best mechanical properties of the PEEK composites. On tribological properties, approximately 50 μm MWCNTs can effectively decrease adhesive wear, which is a benefit of forming a thin transfer film, thereby effectively decreasing the coefficient of friction and improving the wear resistance.
23

Li, Jian. "The Effect of PTFE on the Mechanical and Friction and Wear Properties of GF/PA6 Composites." Advanced Materials Research 284-286 (July 2011): 2370–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.284-286.2370.

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The effects of PTFE on the tensile and tribological properties of glass fiber reinforced polyamide 6(PA6) composites were studied. Tribological tests were conducted on an M2000 friction and wear tester using a block-on-ring arrangement. It was observed that the PTFE played a main role in the tensile-resistant and wear-resistant properties of the PA6 composites. The tensile properties were ruled by the fiber–matrix adhesion. And the excellent tribological performance of the PTFE fillers improved the tribological properties of PA6 composites.
24

Mróz, A., D. Garbiec, A. Wielowiejska-Giertuga, T. Wiśniewski, M. Gierzyńska-Dolna, and A. Martyła. "Structural, Mechanical and Tribological Properties of Spark Plasma Sintered Ti6Al4V Alloy." Archives of Metallurgy and Materials 61, no. 2 (June 1, 2016): 665–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/amm-2016-0113.

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Abstract The influence of spark plasma sintering parameters on the structural, mechanical and tribological characteristics of the Ti6Al4V alloy, which is used as implant material in biomedical engineering, was investigated. The experimental data confirm that full density and attractive mechanical properties can be obtained using the spark plasma sintering method. Tribological tests, performed in dry conditions, allowed the authors to indicate the most suitable sintering parameters. The material characterized by the highest wear resistance was selected for further tribological testing in articulation with UHMWPE in simulated body fluids. Although the weight of the polymeric material articulating against the sintered Ti6Al4V was slightly higher compared to the UHMWPE articulating against the reference material (Ti6Al4V rod), the friction coefficient was lower.
25

Xu, Zhi-Hui, Young-Bae Park, and Xiaodong Li. "Nano/micro-mechanical and tribological characterization of Ar, C, N, and Ne ion-implanted Si." Journal of Materials Research 25, no. 5 (May 2010): 880–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/jmr.2010.0117.

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Ion implantation has been widely used to improve the mechanical and tribological properties of single crystalline silicon, an essential material for the semiconductor industry. In this study, the effects of four different ion implantations, Ar, C, N, and Ne ions, on the mechanical and tribological properties of single crystal Si were investigated at both the nanoscale and the microscale. Nanoindentation and microindentation were used to measure the mechanical properties and fracture toughness of ion-implanted Si. Nano and micro scratch and wear tests were performed to study the tribological behaviors of different ion-implanted Si. The relationship between the mechanical properties and tribological behavior and the damage mechanism of scratch and wear were also discussed.
26

Li, Fangfang, Ying Hu, Xiaochen Hou, Xiyu Hu, and Dong Jiang. "Thermal, mechanical, and tribological properties of short carbon fibers/PEEK composites." High Performance Polymers 30, no. 6 (June 15, 2017): 657–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0954008317715313.

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In this work, the effect of thermal, mechanical, and tribological properties of the blending system of different contents of short carbon fibers (SCFs) on different-viscosity poly-ether-ether-ketone (PEEK) was reported. The composites were manufactured using injection molding technique. Mechanical and tribological properties were measured by the tensile strength, the flexural strength, the coefficient of friction, and the wear rate. The results showed that the wear resistance and mechanical properties of the PEEK with the lower viscosity appeared on a more outstanding level, and experimental results showed that PEEK composites with added 10 wt% SCFs were optimal about the tribological behaviors and mechanical properties of the composites. Furthermore, based on scanning electron microscope inspections, the situation of the friction and worn surface of the material was explained.
27

Fischer, Christopher, Christoph Leisen, Daniel Merken, Ariane Jungmeier, and Dietmar Drummer. "The Influence of Proccessing Temperature on Morphological and Tribological Properties of Injection-Moulded Microparts." Advances in Mechanical Engineering 6 (January 1, 2014): 218761. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/218761.

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In conventional injection-moulding processes high flow and cooling velocities affect the morphological and tribological properties of microparts when compared to macroscopic parts. A novel mould technology with dynamic CO2-tempering is targeted with an enhanced understanding of the temperature time behaviour of morphology during the setting phase which fundamentally dominates the structure formation. The scope of this paper is to provide an understanding of the processing temperature's influence, in this context mould temperature, on the morphological and tribological properties of injection-moulded microparts. Furthermore, the characteristics of tribological testing conditions in microparts should be identified with regard to optimized testing methods. Results indicate that the tribological properties of microparts are mainly influenced by nature of the skin near layers, which can be greatly improved through the application of mould temperatures close to the crystallisation temperature. Additionally, a tribological testing method is adapted for a correct and high solution of the running-in and stationary phase in order to identify the effects of the skin layer on the wear behaviour.
28

Kang, S. S., J. M. Dubois, and J. von Stebut. "Tribological properties of quasicrystalline coatings." Journal of Materials Research 8, no. 10 (October 1993): 2471–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/jmr.1993.2471.

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Coatings of three different compositions (Al65Cu20Fe15, Al64Cu18Fe8Cr8, and Al67Cu9Fe10.5Cr10.5Si3) were realized by various thermal deposition techniques. They were studied in the as-deposited state and after annealing. In view of potential applications, these quasicrystalline coatings were examined from the point of view of tribology: friction and wear. Some basic components of friction such as roughness, plowing, and adhesion have been studied in scratch testing. The friction resistance of the coating is strongly dependent on its inherent porosity, hardness, and thickness. The damage of the coatings is essentially brittle though some ductile behavior is observed. Static indentation hardness is in the range 500–600 HV0.03 (5–6 GPa), whereas the scratch hardness varies from 1.4 to 2.4 GPa depending on the percentage of porosity. Friction coefficients (measured at constant load of 20 N) were found to be typically 0.07 and 0.20 for diamond (tip radius R = 0.79 mm) and AISI 52100 (radius R = 0.79 mm) indenters, respectively.
29

Kacprzyńska-Gołacka, Joanna, Jerzy Smolik, Adam Mazurkiewicz, Jan Bujak, Halina Garbacz, and Piotr Wieciński. "The Influence of Microstructure of Nanomultilayer AlN-CrN-TiN Coatings on their Tribological Properties at Elevated Temperature." Solid State Phenomena 237 (August 2015): 27–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.237.27.

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One of the most effective ways of shaping the operating parameters of functional elements is to modify the properties of a surface layer using modern technologies of surface engineering. The prospective directions in the development of surface engineering solutions are nanomultilayer coatings that enable effective shaping of surface layer properties. A very important factor in designing properties of PVD coatings, apart from their chemical composition, is their microstructure.The paper presents the influence of the microstructure of the nanomultilayer AlN-CrN-TiN coating on their tribological properties at elevated temperatures. The research methods were concentrated on the analysis of mechanical properties, microstructure, and tribological properties at increased temperatures. The studies on mechanical properties included tests on hardness using the nanoindentation method and tests on adhesion using the scratchtest method. The analysis of microstructure was performed using scanning microscopy. The tribological properties at high temperature were examined using the ball-on-disc method. The authors indicate that the AlN-CrN-TiN layers are characterised by excellent mechanical properties and tribological resistance. In this paper, the authors confirm that the microstructure of a nanomultilayer coating is important in shaping the mechanical and tribological properties of a PVD coating.
30

CAO, Jun, Jun-Hua XU, and Li-Hua YU. "Mechanical Properties and Tribological Performance of TiN/VCN Multilayers." Journal of Inorganic Materials 28, no. 2 (June 21, 2013): 195–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.3724/sp.j.1077.2013.12196.

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31

Chang, Yin-Yu, and Cheng-Hsi Chung. "Tribological and Mechanical Properties of Multicomponent CrVTiNbZr(N) Coatings." Coatings 11, no. 1 (January 2, 2021): 41. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/coatings11010041.

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Multi-element material coating systems have received much attention for improving the mechanical performance in industry. However, they are still focused on ternary systems and seldom beyond quaternary ones. High entropy alloy (HEA) bulk material and thin films are systems that are each comprised of at least five principal metal elements in equally matched proportions, and some of them are found possessing much higher strength than traditional alloys. In this study, CrVTiNbZr high entropy alloy and nitrogen contained CrVTiNbZr(N) nitride coatings were synthesized using high ionization cathodic-arc deposition. A chromium-vanadium alloy target, a titanium-niobium alloy target and a pure zirconium target were used for the deposition. By controlling the nitrogen content and cathode current, the CrNbTiVZr(N) coating with gradient or multilayered composition control possessed different microstructures and mechanical properties. The effect of the nitrogen content on the chemical composition, microstructure and mechanical properties of the CrVTiNbZr(N) coatings was investigated. Compact columnar microstructure was obtained for the synthesized CrVTiNbZr(N) coatings. The CrVTiNbZrN coating (HEAN-N165), which was deposited with nitrogen flow rate of 165 standard cubic centimeters per minute (sccm), exhibited slightly blurred columnar and multilayered structures containing CrVN, TiNbN and ZrN. The design of multilayered CrVTiNbZrN coatings showed good adhesion strength. Improvement of adhesion strength was obtained with composition-gradient interlayers. The CrVTiNbZrN coating with nitrogen content higher than 50 at.% possessed the highest hardness (25.2 GPa) and the resistance to plastic deformation H3/E*2 (0.2 GPa) value, and therefore the lowest wear rate was obtained because of high abrasion wear resistance.
32

Ramos, S. M. M., B. Canut, L. Gea, P. Thevenard, M. Bauer, Y. Maheo, Ph Kapsa, and J. L. Loubet. "Structure, mechanical, and tribological properties of titanium implanted alumina." Journal of Materials Research 7, no. 1 (January 1992): 178–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/jmr.1992.0178.

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33

Ren, Ping, Mao Wen, Su Xuan Du, Q. N. Meng, Kan Zhang, and Wei Tao Zheng. "Microstructure, Mechanical and Tribological Properties of NbN/Ni Coatings." Materials Science Forum 898 (June 2017): 1424–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.898.1424.

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The NbN/Ni coatings were deposited by co-sputtering on Si (100) substrates. The structure, hardness and tribological properties were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), atomic force microscope (AFM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), nanoindentation test and ball-on-disc tribometer. XRD revealed that the NbN/Ni coatings exhibited a NaCl-type NbN structure but no sign of any nickel phase. For the coatings with various nickel powers ranged from 20 W to 40 W, the shrinkage of the lattice parameter of NbN indicated that Ni atoms might be incorporated into the NbN lattice with a substitution of Nb atoms by the smaller Ni atoms. Further increasing of Ni powers, the degree of crystallinity of the coatings became worse. The NbN coating doped with a certan power of Ni (40 W) exhibited the best degree of crystallinity among all samples. It also displayed a maximum microhardness of 25 GPa combined with a better resistance to plastic deformation, which could attribute to the grain refinement and the solid solution strengthening. Tribilogical properties of NbN/Ni coatings were also found to be depentent on nickel powers significantly. For the pure NbN coating, the coefficient of friction (CoF) was 0.7 approximately, while it decreased to 0.54 when the power of Ni increased to 40 W. Simultaneously, the wear resistance of the NbN/Ni coatings was improved due to the spontaneous oxidation of the wear track surfaces caused by the addition of a certain amount of nickel to the niobium nitride coatings.
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Wang, Feifei, Nairu He, Hongxuan Li, Li Ji, Xiaohong Liu, Yinping Ye, Huidi Zhou, and Jianmin Chen. "Mechanical and tribological properties of Cr/Cr2O3 multilayer films." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part J: Journal of Engineering Tribology 232, no. 10 (December 4, 2017): 1195–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1350650117743683.

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Cr/Cr2O3 multilayer and single-layer films were deposited through multiple arc ion plating technique. The influence of modulation ratio on the mechanical and tribological properties was also investigated. Results show that the multilayer design of Cr/Cr2O3 films could improve the toughness of films, but a certain degree of hardness loss is also observed. The hardness and adherence strength are improved with the increase of Cr2O3 layer thickness. Furthermore, alternating layers of ductile soft metals and hard ceramics could suppress the propagation of microcracks and brittle fracture. However, the decrease of modulation ratio could causes a decline in the mechanical properties. The film with appropriate modulation ratio (Cr2O3:Cr ratio 10:1) exhibits better comprehensive properties than other films, this film also exhibits an excellent wear resistance with a high load of 10 N. Consequently, the wear life is improved from 6 m of the single-layer Cr2O3 film to 835 m of the multilayer film.
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Holzer, Stefan, Jan Patrick Häntsche, Ulrich Spicher, Bernd Huchler, Alwin Nagel, Rainer Oberacker, Dirk Badenheim, and Michael J. Hoffmann. "Rare Earth Containing SiAlONS: Microstructure, Mechanical and Tribological Properties." Key Engineering Materials 287 (June 2005): 282–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.287.282.

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Silicon nitride based ceramics have been investigated since more than forty years. Nevertheless, a good understanding of the microstructure-properties relationships on the level of small samples is not enough to bring ceramic parts into the industrial market. More convincing is a demonstration of the excellent potential in specific applications where the requirements of a more complex system are considered. In this work, sialons are investigated for a use in lubricated wear applications. The target system is a fuel injection pump for pressures up to 30 MPa. It requires very small friction coefficients and wear rates. Isooctane was used as lubricating liquid. A friction coefficient of 0.3 has been achieved with a piston-on-plate configuration for two sialon ceramics with different a/b-ratios. The sample surfaces were in a ground condition. For comparison, tribological testing was also performed with commercial alumina and silicon nitride materials which exhibited higher friction coefficients. In order to be closer to the real conditions a test rig has been designed and constructed with a piston running in a cylinder that actually pumps isooctane at the desired pressures of up to 30 MPa. With it, the high potential of sialon ceramics for lubricated sliding applications was proven. In the fields of microstructural design neodymia and ytterbia containing sialons with varying a/b-sialon ratios and different amounts of additives have been investigated. These parameters have a strong effect on the achieved aspect ratios of the sialon grains which can be correlated to the amount of liquid phase during sintering, kinetic considerations and the additives' cationic radii. Finally, the effect of these varying grain shapes on the mechanical properties hardness and fracture toughness has been determined.
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Kot, M., Ł. Major, J. M. Lackner, K. Chronowska-Przywara, M. Janusz, and W. Rakowski. "Mechanical and Tribological Properties of Carbon-Based Graded Coatings." Journal of Nanomaterials 2016 (2016): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/8306345.

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The paper presents research on coatings with advanced architecture, composed of a Cr/Cr2N ceramic/metal multilayer and graded carbon layers with varying properties from Cr/a-C:H to a-C:N. The microstructure of the coatings was analysed using transmission electron microscopy and Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy, the mechanical properties were tested by nanoindentation, spherical indentation, and scratch testing, and tribological tests were also conducted. The proper selection of subsequent layers in graded coatings allowed high hardness and fracture resistance to be obtained as well as good adhesion to multilayers. Moreover, these coatings have higher wear resistance than single coatings and a friction coefficient equal to 0.25.
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Nordin, Maria, Mats Larsson, and Sture Hogmark. "Mechanical and tribological properties of multilayered PVD TiN/CrN." Wear 232, no. 2 (October 1999): 221–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0043-1648(99)00149-0.

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38

Goretta, K. C., D. Singh, T. A. Cruse, A. Erdemir, J. L. Routbort, F. Gutierrez-Mora, A. R. de Arellano-Lopez, T. S. Orlova, and B. I. Smirnov. "Si3N4/BN fibrous monoliths: Mechanical properties and tribological responses." Materials Science and Engineering: A 412, no. 1-2 (December 2005): 146–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.msea.2005.08.042.

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39

Esteve, J., G. Zambrano, C. Rincon, E. Martinez, H. Galindo, and P. Prieto. "Mechanical and tribological properties of tungsten carbide sputtered coatings." Thin Solid Films 373, no. 1-2 (September 2000): 282–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0040-6090(00)01108-1.

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40

Cheng, Y. H., T. Browne, B. Heckerman, C. Bowman, V. Gorokhovsky, and E. I. Meletis. "Mechanical and tribological properties of TiN/Ti multilayer coating." Surface and Coatings Technology 205, no. 1 (September 2010): 146–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.surfcoat.2010.06.023.

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41

Xu, W., R. Liu, P. C. Patnaik, M. X. Yao, and X. J. Wu. "Mechanical and tribological properties of newly developed Tribaloy alloys." Materials Science and Engineering: A 452-453 (April 2007): 427–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.msea.2006.10.088.

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42

Xu, Junhua, Huang Luo, Hongbo Ju, Lihua Yu, and Gang Zhou. "Microstructure, mechanical and tribological properties of TaWN composite films." Vacuum 146 (December 2017): 246–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.vacuum.2017.09.045.

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43

Foerster, C. E., S. L. R. da Silva, T. Fitz, T. Dekorsy, F. Prokert, U. Kreiβig, E. Richter, W. Möller, C. M. Lepienski, and C. J. de M. Siqueira. "Carbon ion implantation into aluminium: Mechanical and tribological properties." Surface and Coatings Technology 200, no. 18-19 (May 2006): 5210–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.surfcoat.2005.06.002.

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44

Alemdağ, Yasin, and Temel Savaşkan. "Mechanical and tribological properties of Al–40Zn–Cu alloys." Tribology International 42, no. 1 (January 2009): 176–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.triboint.2008.04.008.

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45

Baghani, Mohammad, and Mahmood Aliofkhazraei. "CuCrW(Al2O3) nanocomposite: mechanical alloying, microstructure, and tribological properties." International Journal of Minerals, Metallurgy, and Materials 24, no. 11 (November 2017): 1321–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12613-017-1524-0.

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46

Wang, Haibin, Xifeng Yan, Xuemei Liu, Hao Lu, Chao Hou, Xiaoyan Song, and Zuoren Nie. "Microstructure, mechanical and tribological properties of WC-WCoB coating." Journal of the European Ceramic Society 38, no. 15 (December 2018): 4874–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jeurceramsoc.2018.07.004.

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47

Puértolas, J. A., M. Castro, J. A. Morris, R. Ríos, and A. Ansón-Casaos. "Tribological and mechanical properties of graphene nanoplatelet/PEEK composites." Carbon 141 (January 2019): 107–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.carbon.2018.09.036.

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48

Miyai, Seiichi, Tomohiro Kobayashi, and Takayuki Terai. "Mechanical, Thermal, and Tribological Properties of Amorphous Carbon Films." Japanese Journal of Applied Physics 48, no. 5 (May 20, 2009): 05EC05. http://dx.doi.org/10.1143/jjap.48.05ec05.

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49

Qi,, Z. Q., X. Nie,, and E. I. Meletis,. "Microstructure, Mechanical and Tribological Properties of Nanocomposite Multilayer Films." Journal of the Mechanical Behavior of Materials 15, no. 4-5 (October 2004): 341–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/jmbm.2004.15.4-5.341.

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50

Hsieh, T. H., Y. J. Zhu, Z. H. Yu, C. Y. Tang, C. H. Hsu, and C. Y. Hsu. "Mechanical and Tribological Properties of CrWN Nanostructured Hard Films." Journal of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology 17, no. 7 (July 1, 2017): 5031–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/jnn.2017.13461.

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