Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Mécanique des fluides environnementale'
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Brun, Jean-Marc. "Modèles à complexité réduite de transport pour applications environnementales." Montpellier 2, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007MON20248.
Full textA platform of low complexity models for the transport of passive scalars for environmental applications is presented. Multi-level analysis has been used with a reduction in dimension of the solution space at each level. Local spray drift distribution is estimated thanks to the turbulent jet theory and determine the source term. Similitude solutions are used in a non symmetric metric for the transport over long distances. Model parameters identification is based on data assimilation. The approach does not require the solution of any PDE and therefore is mesh free. The model also permits to access the solution in one point without computing the solution over the whole domain
Poupardin, Adrien. "Dynamique tourbillonnaire : application à l’impact environnemental de structures immergées." Le Havre, 2012. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00832174.
Full textThe study was performed experimentally. The vortices are generated by interaction between a monochromatic wave and a horizontal thin plate used as vortex generator. Their characterisation has been done in two and three dimensions. The two-dimensional vortex dynamics is characterized using PIV measurements. We observed the formation of downstream and upstream vortex pairs which are mutually advected toward the flume bottom and the free surface respectively. These evolutions are characterised through mean vortex trajectories computed thanks to λ2 criteria. It shows the presence of two stagnation point at the flume bottom due to the vortex pair advection and to the presence of two adjacent recirculation cells under the plate. These points would be a location of scouring phenomenon in the case of a sea bed. The three-dimensional vortex destabilisation has been studied thanks to the stereo-videography. The vortex cores are visualised with hydrogen micro bubbles generated at the edges of the plate by electrolysis. The deformation modes study, using a Fourier and a wavelet analysis, revealed that the deformation modes vary over the wave period. Strong axial velocity had been visualised on the vortex cores from the beginning of their development. These velocities are characteristics of strong destabilisations and vortex bursting
Bozon, Nicolas. "Coupling atmospheric dispersion model and Geographical Information Systems : application to pesticide spray drift." Montpellier 2, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009MON20255.
Full textAtmospheric pollution due to agricultural pesticide for viticulture is a major concern today, regarding both public health, sustainable agriculture and ecosystems quality monitoring. Atmospheric dispersion modeling and the use of geographic information systems allow us to spatially quantify the atmospheric pollution on a given area. This thesis is based on the coupling of an atmospheric dispersion model and a geographic information system, in order to predict and map atmospheric pollution after pesticide spraying applications. Implementations of digital elevation models and scale changes into the reduced order modeling are described and illustrated. The resulting simulation platform is presented as a Quantum GIS software plugin, thus exploring the Open Source GIS capabilities to implement complex physical models. The platform is finally used on a typical Souther French wine-growing area, and a pollution risk analysis scenario is proposed
Cathala, Mathieu. "Problématiques d’analyse numérique et de modélisation pour écoulements de fluides environnementaux." Thesis, Montpellier 2, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013MON20096/document.
Full textThis work investigates two research questions associated with environmental flows and their mathematical modeling.The first part is devoted to the development of finite volume methods for anisotropic and heterogeneous diffusion operators arising in models of porous media flows. To ensure that the approximate solutions lie within physical bounds, we aim at maintaining a discrete analogous of the maximum principle for elliptic operators. Starting from any given cell-centered finite volume scheme, we present a general approach to devise non-linear corrections providing a discrete maximum principle while retaining some main properties of the scheme. In particular, we study the coercivity and convergence properties of the modified schemes.The second part of this work focuses on the derivation of approximate models for shallow water wave propagation over rough topographies. In the particular case of one-dimensional polygonal bottom profiles, we first propose an adaptation of the usual derivation method using complex analysis tools. We then develop a formal approach to account for more general topographies. We propose nonlocal alternatives to some classical models (namely Saint-Venant equations, Serre equations and Boussinesq system). All these alternative models only involve smoothing contributions of the bottom
Sahnoun, Souha. "Rôle des parcs éοliens sur la dispersiοn larvaire d'espèces benthiques en baie de Seine étendue." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Normandie, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024NORMC211.
Full textPrevious studies have shown the notable impact of Offshore Wind Farms (OWFs) on the local and potentially regional environment. Indeed, the foundations of wind turbines serve as artificial habitats for a variety of benthopelagic species, thus creating a reef ecosystem. Additionally, the hydro-sedimentary environment near the foundations is altered with the introduction of sheltering effects, turbulent wake, scouring, and ridges, for example. This study focuses on investigating the hydrodynamic effects of the parks on larval dispersion in the extended Seine Bay. The impacts of the parks on the dispersion of both natural species (e.g., mussels and European green crabs) and introduced species (e.g., Japanese oysters and Asian shore crabs) are studied through a coupled physical-biological approach based on numerical modeling. The local scale around a single foundation or a cluster of foundations and then the regional scale of the extended Seine Bay (from the Franco-British maritime border to Hauts-de-France), including OWF of Courseulles-sur-Mer and Fécamp, have been examined. At this scale, the hydrodynamic effects of the foundations vary depending on their type and spatial arrangement. Dispersion simulations highlight a notable sensitivity to foundation geometry and the angle of incident current relative to it. At the regional scale, simulations have underscored their potential role as relay points for species. Larval dispersal from the wind farms has also shown connectivity between the parks themselves and the shores of the extended Seine Bay. To enhance the consideration of physical and biological realities in simulations, the integration of realistic biological parameters is beneficial, as well as considering the cumulative effects of multiple structures within offshore wind farms
Lelabousse, Clement. "Diagenèse et reconstruction de variables environnementales à partir de la géochimie du corail Porites sp. (Nouvelle-Calédonie, Pacifique Sud-Ouest )." Phd thesis, Paris, ENSAM, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00787482.
Full textChabrat, Nicolas. "Impact des conditions environnementales sur le comportement à long terme de sols traités." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lorraine, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024LORR0004.
Full textLime and/or cement stabilization is a common solution for improving the mechanical performance of fine soils. Treatment limits the shrinkage and swelling effect of clayey soils. However, while numerous laboratory studies have been carried out on treated materials, little is known about the in situ performance of such stabilised materials several years after construction, and very few studies are available, especially in the case of stabilised expansive soils. As a result, existing methods and procedures are generally unable to assess the alteration caused by the environmental conditions of a treated soil. This thesis addresses these issues by studying an experimental embankment at Héricourt (France). Built in 2010 as a part of the ANR TerDOUEST project, this embankment was built with a highly plastic clayey soil. The clay was treated with lime and/or cement upon construction. An initial assessment of the state of the backfill was carried out 11 years after construction of the structure, with horizontal and vertical corings. The hydromechanical characterisation of the treated clay was carried out with multiple oedometer tests. The compressibility of the material sampled by horizontal coring was determined, making it possible to assess changes in the mechanical behaviour of the treated soil as a function of its proximity to the edge of the embankment. The results showed that the materials located in the internal part of the embankment have a mechanical behaviour similar to that of the soil treated in the laboratory after a 180-day curing time at constant moisture content. On the other hand, a gradual deterioration of the mechanical properties of the material was observed as it approached the outer part of the embankment. The mechanical properties of the materials taken from the outer part were equivalent to those of the untreated soil. The microstructure (mercury intrusion porosimetry, scanning electron microscopy), chemical composition (thermogravimetric analysis, X-ray fluorescence) and mineralogical composition (X-ray diffraction) of the treated soil were studied in order to understand the environmental conditions responsible for the deterioration observed at the edges. Leaching from the treatment was identified as being partly responsible for the decrease in mechanical performance measured at the edge of the structure. Mineralogical transformations, such as the formation of calcite in the first few metres of the backfill, also highlighted an alteration of the hydromechanical behaviour through carbonation of the cement phases. The role of wetting and drying periods in the mechanical weathering of the treated soil was also studied. Specimens from the inner part of the structure were subjected to wetting and drying cycles of various suctions ranging from 0 to 95 MPa. The results showed that drying and wetting cycles have a major impact on the long-term performance of treated soils above a certain suction amplitude. The degradation process is mainly a consequence of cement bond failure rather than other physico-chemical processes such as calcium leaching or carbonation. This study allowed a mechanical quantification of the weathering of treated clay taken from an experimental structure. Leaching and carbonation during treatment were identified as being responsible for the deterioration in mechanical performance in the external part of the structure. The study of the treated material subjected to hydric cycles allowed to quantify their impact on mechanical behaviour, while determining the mechanisms by which the effects of the treatment were altered
Masmoudi, Nader. "Problèmes asymptotiques en mécanique des fluides." Paris 9, 1999. https://portail.bu.dauphine.fr/fileviewer/index.php?doc=1999PA090028.
Full textCourty, Francois. "Optimisation Différentiable en Mécanique des Fluides Numérique." Phd thesis, Université Paris Sud - Paris XI, 2003. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00004344.
Full textDesjardins, Benoît. "Equations de transport et mécanique des fluides." Paris 9, 1997. https://portail.bu.dauphine.fr/fileviewer/index.php?doc=1997PA090012.
Full textCourty, François. "Optimisation différentiable en mécanique des fluides numérique." Paris 11, 2003. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00004344.
Full textOur contribution concerns the following three complementary domains : Automatic Differentiation, op- timal shape design for large systems, mesh adaption. In the chapter 1 of the part 1, we expose a method to compute gradients using Automatic Differentiation for a classical optimal shape design problem. We exply how to deduce an exact gradient based on an adjoint state without storing explicitly the Jacobian matrix. The reverse mode of the DA that we propose use much legs memory storage. In the chapter 2 of the part 2, we propose a SQP-like method to solve a class of optimization problems with equality constraints. We use a low cost iteration to solve the state and the adjoint. The new algorithm enables to solve simultaneously the optimality system. This one shot method combines efficiency and robustness. In the chapter 3 of the part 2, we study a new preconditioning strategy for optimal shape design. We build an additive multilevel preconditioning starting from the classical Bramble-Pasciak-Xu principle and from the agglomeration principle. We specify easily the gain of regularity of our preconditioning using only one real parameter. In the chapter 1 of the part 3, we study the problem of the best adapted mesh for a pure interpolation problem. We specify the mesh with a metric and we model the interpolation error. The optimality system solution gives a completely explicite expression of the optimal metric as a function of the function to adapt. In the chapter 2 of the part 3, we extend the method of the previous chapter to the problem of mesh adaption for P. D. E. Our method is based on a rigourous a priori analysis followed by a modelization. We obtain an optimal control formulation with an adjoint state
Hillairet, Matthieu. "Aspects interactifs de la mécanique des fluides." Lyon, École normale supérieure (sciences), 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005ENSL0333.
Full textPaicu, Marius-Gheorghe. "Etude des fluides anisotropes incompressibles : Applications aux fluides tournants." Palaiseau, Ecole polytechnique, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002EPXXA002.
Full textKrell, Stella. "Schémas Volumes Finis en mécanique des fluides complexes." Phd thesis, Université de Provence - Aix-Marseille I, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00524509.
Full textChapouly, Marianne. "Contrôlabilité d'équations issues de la mécanique des fluides." Phd thesis, Université Paris Sud - Paris XI, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00407569.
Full textDe cette manière, on montre dans la première partie la contrôlabilité globale exacte pour tout temps d'équations de type Burgers non visqueuses puis on utilise ensuite ce résultat pour obtenir un résultat de contrôlabilité globale approchée pour l'équation de Burgers visqueuse. Cette propriété, combinée avec un résultat de contrôlabilité locale, entraîne ainsi la contrôlabilité globale aux trajectoires de l'équation de Burgers visqueuse, pour tout temps.
Dans la deuxième partie, on procède d'une manière similaire pour obtenir la contrôlabilité globale exacte d'une équation de Korteweg-de Vries non linéaire, pour tout temps.
Enfin, dans la dernière partie on s'intéresse à un système de Navier-Stokes 2-D avec conditions aux bords de type Navier. On obtient, en utilisant cette fois des résultats sur l'équation d'Euler des fluides incompressibles, la contrôlabilité globale à zéro, pour tout temps.
Marx, Chhay. "Intégrateurs géométriques: Application à la Mécanique des Fluides." Phd thesis, Université de La Rochelle, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00403649.
Full textAl, Taki Bilal. "Sur quelques modèles hétérogènes en mécanique des fluides." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016GREAM057/document.
Full textThis thesis is devoted to the mathematical analysis of heterogeneous models raised by fluid mechanics. In particular, it is devoted to the theoretical study of partial differential equations used to describe the three main models that we present below.Initially, we are interested to study the motion of a compressible newtonienfluids in a basin with degenerate topography. The mathematical model studied derives from incompressible Navier-Stokes equations. We are interested to prove that the Cauchy problem associated is well posed. Well-posedness means that there exists a solution, that it is unique. In the meantime, we prove that the solution of the viscous model converges to the one of the inviscid limit model when the viscosity coe cient tends to zero.The second part in my thesis is devoted to study a model that arises from dispersive Navier-Stokes equations (that includes dispersive corrections to the classical compressible Navier-Stokes equations). Our model is derived from the last model assuming that the Mach number is very low. The obtained system is a Ghost eect system, which is so named because it can be derived from Kinetic theory. The main goal of this part is to extend a result concerning the local existence of strong solution to a global-in time existence of weak solutions. The main ingredient in this work is a new functional inequality of Log-Sobolev type.The last part of my thesis is a part of a research theme intends to analyze the understanding of phenomena encountered in geophysics which involves granular media. The mathematical model is of Bingham incompressible type with viscosity and placticity depending on the pressure. We provide a global existence of weak solutions of the Cauchy problem associated
Bunoiu, Renata Béatrice. "Sur quelques problèmes mathématiques en mécanique des fluides." Metz, 1997. http://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/public/UPV-M/Theses/1997/Bunoiu.Renata_Beatrice.SMZ9711.pdf.
Full textThis work represents a mathematical study, theoretical and numerical, of some problems related to fluid mechanics. The thesis has three chapters. Chapter I, "nonlinear flow throught a thin slab", is devoted to the study of an incompressible fluid flow. We work in a 3D domain with the height much more smaller than the other two dimensions. We are interested in the Navier-Stokes flow : two cases are treated, provided the presence or not of volume forces and boundary conditions. In chapter II we treat some problems related to the homogenization theory and small parameters technic. The homogenization method is a mathematical method used for the study of the non-homogeneous media with periodic structure. In chapter II, "three-scale convergence for the Stokes problem", we study the classical stationnary Stokes problem. We work in a 3D domain which contains solid obstacles two-periodically distributed, with [epsilon]-periodicity (respectively [epsilon] 2), where [epsilon] is a small parameter. For passing to the limit we use the 3-scale convergence method. The homogenized problem is a three-pressures system. Chapter III, "calculation of the charge in a hydraulic system" is a theoretical and numerical study of a pratical problem : calculation of the charge in a hydraulic system. The equations presented here are find in other domains, such as thermical problems. So this study can be applied to a large class of physical problems
Chhay, Marx. "Intégrateurs géométriques : application à la mécanique des fluides." La Rochelle, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008LAROS261.
Full textA recent approach to study the equations from Fluid Mechanics consists in considering the symmetry group of equations. Succes of theoretical development, specially in turbulence, has justified the relevance of this approach. On the numerical side, the integrating methods based on arguments related to the geometrical structure of equations are called geometric integrators. In the first part of this thesis, a class of such integrators is introduced: symplectic integrators for hamiltonian systems, which are probably the most well known geometric integrators. In the second part, variational integrators are outlined, constructed in order to reproduce conservation laws of lagrangian systems. However most of Fluid Mechanics equations cannot be derived from a Lagrangian. In the last part of this thesis, a method of construction of numerical schemes that preserves equations symmetry is exposed. This method is based on a modern formulation of moving frames. A contribution to the development of this method is proposed; this allows to obtain an invariant numerical scheme that owns an order of accuracy. Examples from Fluid Mechanics model equations are detailled
Paumond, Lionel. "Sur quelques modèles asymptotiques en mécanique des fluides." Paris 11, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PA112217.
Full textKrell, Katrin Stella. "Schémas volumes finis en mécanique des fluides complexes." Aix-Marseille 1, 2010. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00524509.
Full textThis manuscript deals with the development and numerical analysis of finite volume schemes of type discrete duality (DDFV) for the discretization of the Darcy equations in porous heterogeneous anisotropic media and the Stokes equations with variable viscosity. A common feature of these problems, which motivates the use of DDFV schemes, is that their finite volume resolution requires to approximate all the components of the gradient of the solution. The DDFV method consists in discretizing the solution of equations simultaneously on the centers of the control volumes and on the vertices of the mesh. These two sets of unknowns allow to reconstitute a two-dimensional discrete gradient on a large class of 2D meshes, without assuming the “orthogonality” condition required for classical finite volume methods. We first study the discretization of anisotropic elliptic problems with mixed Dirichlet/Fourier boundary conditions. The scheme we propose allows to build the corresponding discrete non-overlapping Schwarz algorithm associated to a decomposition of the domain with Fourier interface conditions, which converges to the solution of the DDFV scheme on the initial domain. Numerical experiments illustrate the theoretical results of error estimates and of the DDFV Schwarz algorithm convergence. We then propose to discretize Stokes equations with a variable viscosity. The corresponding DDFV schemes are generally illposed. To overcome this difficulty, we stabilize the mass conservation equation with different pressure terms. First, we assume that the viscosity is smooth enough. The analysis of the scheme, which gives optimal error estimates, relies on a Korn inequality and on a uniform discrete inf-sup condition using the stabilization term. Secondly, we consider the case where the viscosity is discontinuous. The discontinuities must be taken into account in the scheme to overcome the consistency defect of the numerical fluxes. We need to build new operators with artificial unknowns. The theoretical study becomes more tricky. In all cases, the existence and uniqueness of the discrete solution are proved, as well as optimal error estimates. A first study of the extension of the DDFV schemes to Navier-Stokes equations is presented. A generalization in 3D of the results is given in the case of the Stokes problem with smooth variable viscosity. Numerical experiments illustrate the different error estimates
Fettah, Amal. "Analyse de modèles en mécanique des fluides compressibles." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012AIXM4755.
Full textThis thesis is concerned with the study of problems relating in the theory of compressible flows . We prove the existence of the considered problems in a first part by passing to the limit on the numerical schemes proposed for the discretisation of these problems. In the second part, the existence result is obtained by passing to the limit on the approximate solutions given by a corresponding regularized problem.The main result is to prove the existence of a solution of the stationnary compressible Stokes problem with a general equation of state.We first prove this result by passing to the limit on the numerical scheme as the mesh size tends to zero. The fact to consider a general E.O.S induces some additional difficulties in particular to get estimates on the discrete solution (which comes also from the presence of the gravity in the momentum equation) and in the passage to the limit on the E.O.S.We also prove the existence result by passing to the limit on a regularized problem. We first treat the convection-diffusion problem (which appears in the regularized problem), we give an existence and uniqueness result, and we then prove estimates on the approwimate solutions and pass to the limit on the regularized problem
Marbach, Frédéric. "Contrôle en mécanique des fluides et couches limites." Thesis, Paris 6, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA066442/document.
Full textThis thesis is devoted to the study of the controllability of non linear partial differential equations in fluid mechanics. We are mostly interested in Burgers equation and Navier-Stokes equation. Our main goal is to prove small-time global results, even in the presence of boundary layers. We prove that it is possible to obtain such results by introducing a new method named: ``well prepared dissipation''. This method proceeds in two phases: first, a quick phase using the inviscid behavior of the system, then a longer phase during which the boundary layer dissipates all by itself. Both for Burgers and for Navier-Stokes with Navier slip-with-friction boundary conditions, we prove that this dissipation is sufficient if it has been well prepared. Moreover, we study a question of local null controllability for the Burgers equation with a single scalar control. We prove by enhancing a second order kernel approach that the system is not small time locally null controllable
Pujol, Thomas. "Etude mécanique des gels d'actine branchés." Paris 7, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA077231.
Full textActin filaments play a fundamental role in cell mechanics: assembled into networks by a large number of partners, they ensure cell integrity, deformability, and migration. During my PhD we focus on the mechanics of the dense branched network found at the leading edge of a crawling cell. We develop a new technique based on the dipolar attraction between magnetic colloids to measure mechanical properties of branched actin gels assembled around the colloids by the Arp2/3 machinery. This technique allows us to probe a large number of gels and, through the study of different networks, to access fundamental relationships between their microscopic structure and their mechanical properties. We show that the architecture does regulate the elasticity of the network: increasing both capping and branching concentrations strongly stiffens the networks. These effects occur at protein concentrations that can be regulated by the cell. In addition, the dependence of the elastic modulus on the filaments' flexibility and on increasing internal stress has been studied (Pujol. PNAS. 2012). Our overall results point toward an elastic regime dominated by enthalpic rather than entropie déformations. This result strongly differs from the elasticity of diluted cross-linked actin networks and can be explained by the dense dendritic structure of lameilipodium-like networks
Navaro, Pierre. "Aéroacoustique numérique d'un écoulement tourbillonnaire." Le Havre, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002LEHA0013.
Full textA discrete vortex method for unsteady, compressible, two-dimensional and inviscid flow is developped. The method is based on the incompressible vortex-in-cell method. The second part concerns the use of a modified ray theory called "gaussian beam approch" to compute the noise emission in a wind park. The results of the numerical experiments and the validity of the method are discussed. The present limitations of the method are shown and several ways of improving them are indicated
Hwang, Yongyun. "Large-scale streaks in wall-bounded turbulent flows: amplification, instability, self-sustaining process and control." Palaiseau, Ecole polytechnique, 2010. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/docs/00/56/49/01/PDF/Thesis_final.pdf.
Full textBoyer, Franck. "Modélisation, Analyse et Approximation numérique en mécanique des fluides." Habilitation à diriger des recherches, Université de Provence - Aix-Marseille I, 2006. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00104532.
Full textUne première partie du travail concerne l'étude de modèles dits à interface diffuse pour les écoulements incompressibles multiphasiques. Après une étude assez précise du cadre diphasique, on propose la généralisation au cadre triphasique, ce qui nécessite d'introduire la notion importante de consistance des modèles. Des résultats numériques confirment la pertinence des modèles proposés. Ensuite, on s'intéresse au modèle plus classique de Navier-Stokes non-homogène incompressible pour lequel on établit le caractère bien posé du problème pour des conditions aux limites ouvertes non-linéaires en sortie d'un écoulement. Une brique essentielle de ce travail est l'étude détaillée du problème de traces pour l'équation de transport associée à un champ de vitesse peu régulier. Ce travail, dont l'intérêt dépasse le cadre applicatif décrit ci-dessus, fait l'objet d'un chapitre à part entière.
Dans une seconde partie, on s'intéresse à l'approximation numérique par des méthodes de volumes finis des solutions de problèmes elliptiques non-linéaires monotones (du type p-laplacien). Un premier chapitre décrit un certain nombre de résultats obtenus dans le contexte de maillages cartésiens. Un second chapitre est consacré à l'étude d'un cadre géométrique plus général par le biais de méthodes dites en dualité discrète. Une attention particulière est portée au cas où les coefficients du problème présentent des discontinuités spatiales, ce qui mène à des problèmes de transmission non-linéaire entre deux milieux.
Le mémoire s'achève par la description de quelques travaux connexes, d'une part sur une classe de schémas VF pour les équations elliptiques linéaires adaptés à des maillages non orthogonaux, et d'autre sur l'étude numérique de problèmes elliptiques couplés 2D/1D issus de la description asymptotique d'écoulements dans des milieux poreux fracturés.
Charve, Frédéric. "Etude de phénomènes dispersifs en mécanique des fluides géophysiques." Phd thesis, Ecole Polytechnique X, 2004. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00008754.
Full textDans le deuxieme chapitre, nous obtenons formellement l'asymptotique pour la suite des solutions du systeme primitif lorsque le petit parametre epsilon tend vers zero. Ceci permet en outre de definir le tourbillon potentiel, primordial dans toute cette etude. Nous etudions ensuite la convergence dans le cadre des solutions de Leray.
Le troisieme chapitre est consacre a l'etude de la meme
convergence mais dans le cadre des solutions de Fujita-Kato.
Le dernier chapitre donne des renseignements beaucoup plus precis
concernant les vitesses de convergence, et nous prouvons aussi un
theoreme de convergence dans le cadre des poches de tourbillon.
Boisgerault, Sébastien. "Optimisation de forme : systèmes nonlinéaires et mécanique des fluides." Paris, ENMP, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000ENMP0972.
Full textBusuioc, Adriana Valentina. "Sur quelques problèmes en mécanique des fluides non newtoniens." Paris 6, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000PA066084.
Full textMeyrignac, Olivier. "Etude de l'hémodynamique des fluides portaux et systémiques grâce à la mécanique des fluides numérique." Thesis, Toulouse 3, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017TOU30344.
Full textThe thesis work is in three parts. The first part of the work concerns the comparison of the CFD simulation data from the Yales2bio solver to the measurement results of the 4D MRI sequences. Our CFD model exploited morphological data from 3D MRI for geometric modeling and velocimetry data of 2D phase contrast MRI (PC-MRI) sequences to define boundary conditions for modeling. We compared spatial distributions and local values ??of velocities obtained with these two methods of measurement. In addition, we evaluated the influence of geometric modeling resolution on velocity simulation. We noticed a qualitative and quantitative agreement with a high level of correlation between MRI and CFD data. The second part deals with portal hypertension. During this work, we have been able to develop an optimized protocol for azygous flow measurements as part of a preparatory work for a clinical study. In addition, we have developed a model based on the CFD of portal hypertension in silico, accounting for the increase of pressures during the increase of intrahepatic resistance. Finally, in the third part, CFD was used to find new prognostic factors for the evolution of small abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAA). For this work, we used data from a multicenter and prospective study. We included 78 AAA patients from September 2012 to June 2014. Patients had two separate CT examinations at one-year intervals to evaluate aneurysm growth. Fifty patients in these patients were eligible for CFD-based analysis. Based on a threshold of 10 ml of total volume growth, we classified the 50 patients into two so-called slow growth and fast growing groups. The initial morphological and functional parameters of the aneurysms were analyzed, including: maximum diameter, maximum section area, thrombus and lumen volumes, maximum wall pressure, and wall shear forces (WSS) . There was a significant difference between the two groups regarding aneurysmal lumen volume (P = 0.0051) and mean WSS variation (P = 0.0240) in contrast to maximal diameter (P = 0.71). ). We found a significant correlation of growth of aneurysm volume with volume of light and reduction of mean WSS (R = 0.47, P = 0.0015 and R = -0, respectively). 42, P = 0.0062) and total growth of aneurysm volume. Combining these parameters, we developed a prediction model for rapid AAA growth that had better area under the ROC curve than the single maximum diameter measure (0.78 vs. 0.52, P = 0.0031 ). Depending on the threshold used, our model gives either excellent sensitivity (95.0% [95% CI 75.1, 99.9]) or specificity (90.0% [95% CI 73.5, 97.9] ). We were able to demonstrate that the combined light volume and WSS analysis provides better information than the maximum diameter for assessing the risk of rapid AAA volume growth
Cuzieux, Fabrice. "Modélisation des interactions aérodynamiques pour un convertible de type ERICA." Aix-Marseille 2, 2007. http://theses.univ-amu.fr.lama.univ-amu.fr/2007AIX22074.pdf.
Full textAmong solutions studied to decrease airport congestion due to the air traffic increase, the use of civil tiltrotors is an interesting solution. A tiltrotor has the distinctive feature of being able to mix Vertical or Short Take-Off and Landing capabilities with cruise flight at speeds comparable to turboprop aeroplanes. This tiltrotor configuration has two rotors at the tip of the wing, and as a result, strong rotors wake/wing interaction occur in low speed conditions producing a wing download force that affect the aircraft performance. In order to reduce this download the ERICA concept has been proposed by AGUSTA. The wing parts located below the rotors can be tilted and adjusted to the rotor downwash direction in order to decrease the wing download. A second interaction exists when close to the ground, as a ground fountain effect, due to the rotor’s wakes, affects the wing, fuselage and tail loads. These two interaction phenomena have been studied for the ERICA concept within the Eurocopter HOST code. A non-linear lifting line model has based developed for the HOST. Calculation under high angle conditions, such as for a tilt-rotor wing in interaction with the rotor wake, can then be performed. The modelling used to evaluate the interaction between the rotor wake and the wing is based on a quasi-steady representation of the wakes with cylinders. This model allows computing the percentage of wing chord intercepted by the rotor wake for each section of the lifting line. This percentage is used to balance the influence of the rotor-induced velocity. For the ground effect on the wing, an approach based on mass continuity equation has been used first proposed by H. Haverdings, and also a second approach based on impinging jets modelling. All of these modelling concepts are now in use in a development version of the HOST. Thus, it helps for the evaluation of flight performances of the ERICA tiltrotor concept, such as the prediction of the efficiency of different tilt-wing angle strategies that can be used in order to minimise the total power requirement
Lanos, Christophe. "Méthode d'identification non viscosimetrique de comportements de fluides." Rennes, INSA, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993ISAR0003.
Full textHuard, Martin. "Formulation Hamiltonienne généralisée des équations de la mécanique des fluides." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp04/mq25610.pdf.
Full textFaure, Thierry. "Méthodes expérimentales instationnaires et leurs applications en mécanique des fluides." Habilitation à diriger des recherches, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris VI, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00911074.
Full textCarlotti, Pierre. "Éléments de mécanique des fluides pour la modélisation des incendies." Habilitation à diriger des recherches, Ecole Centrale de Lyon, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00978098.
Full textConca, Carlos. "Homogénéisation de quelques problèmes aux limites en mécanique des fluides." Paris 6, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA066315.
Full textZara, Henri. "Système d'acquisition vidéo rapide : application à la mécanique des fluides." Saint-Etienne, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997STET4012.
Full textAbidi, Hammadi. "Etude mathématique de quelques problèmes de mécanique des fluides incompressibles." Paris 6, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA066346.
Full textDanchin, Raphaël. "Analyse numérique et harmonique d'un problème de mécanique des fluides." Palaiseau, Ecole polytechnique, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1996EPXX0033.
Full textHaspot, Boris. "Étude d'équations liées à la mécanique des fluides compressibles capillaires." Paris 12, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA120051.
Full textMezri, Leila. "Rôle des fluides pendant l'exhumation continentale : modélisation hydro-thermo-mécanique." Thesis, Paris 6, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA066175.
Full textStrain localization is essential to the existence of plate tectonic on Earth. Yet, it is the result of non-linear interaction across several temporal and spatial scales and to date no unique rheological model exists that captures the effect of all these interactions at crustal scale. The work presented here is an attempt to fill part of the gap between out- crop scale and crustal scale models, between petrological scale and crustal scale. The central question is how to measure the effects of fluids and fluid-rock interactions on the dynamics and the kinematics of continental metamorphic core complexes by the mean of crustal scale numerical models. To answer this question, we have tried to esta- blish an empirical model of fluid flow and fluid-rock interaction, which could be valid at the scale of the crust. At that specific scale, it is important to capture the effects of free fluids both on the density of rocks, because it determines the body forces that are driving the exhumation of the crust, and on the strength of rocks and particularly on shear zones which constitute the ’hand-break’, the surface tractions, which resist this exhumation. This empirical model is based on a first order observation related to the behaviour of metamorphic rocks along the retrograde P − T path of their exhumation. High-grade metamorphic rocks (amphibolite/granulite) are indeed exhumed to the sur- face with very little retromorphose except those located within the shear bands where deformation localises. This works first consisted in parameterising this observation in a manner that could be implemented into a 2D thermo-mechanical code as an hydro- thermo-mechanical coupling which could account for free-water/rock-water exchange. In second part, a simplified scheme is introduced to account for hydrothermal cooling of the crust in the late stage of exhumation. The results show that this parameterization al- lows to better account for field observation in a range of parameters that are compatible with laboratory experiments. Limiting the retromorphose of rocks by the availability of free water is shown to produce significantly different metamorphic domes kinematics as compared to prior studies. We indeed demonstrate that it is not necessary to introduce heterogeneity in crustal composition to form asymmetric structures but that the effect of water is modulated by the chemistry of the protolith rocks which influences strain localization
Mezri, Leila. "Rôle des fluides pendant l'exhumation continentale : modélisation hydro-thermo-mécanique." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris 6, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA066175.
Full textStrain localization is essential to the existence of plate tectonic on Earth. Yet, it is the result of non-linear interaction across several temporal and spatial scales and to date no unique rheological model exists that captures the effect of all these interactions at crustal scale. The work presented here is an attempt to fill part of the gap between out- crop scale and crustal scale models, between petrological scale and crustal scale. The central question is how to measure the effects of fluids and fluid-rock interactions on the dynamics and the kinematics of continental metamorphic core complexes by the mean of crustal scale numerical models. To answer this question, we have tried to esta- blish an empirical model of fluid flow and fluid-rock interaction, which could be valid at the scale of the crust. At that specific scale, it is important to capture the effects of free fluids both on the density of rocks, because it determines the body forces that are driving the exhumation of the crust, and on the strength of rocks and particularly on shear zones which constitute the ’hand-break’, the surface tractions, which resist this exhumation. This empirical model is based on a first order observation related to the behaviour of metamorphic rocks along the retrograde P − T path of their exhumation. High-grade metamorphic rocks (amphibolite/granulite) are indeed exhumed to the sur- face with very little retromorphose except those located within the shear bands where deformation localises. This works first consisted in parameterising this observation in a manner that could be implemented into a 2D thermo-mechanical code as an hydro- thermo-mechanical coupling which could account for free-water/rock-water exchange. In second part, a simplified scheme is introduced to account for hydrothermal cooling of the crust in the late stage of exhumation. The results show that this parameterization al- lows to better account for field observation in a range of parameters that are compatible with laboratory experiments. Limiting the retromorphose of rocks by the availability of free water is shown to produce significantly different metamorphic domes kinematics as compared to prior studies. We indeed demonstrate that it is not necessary to introduce heterogeneity in crustal composition to form asymmetric structures but that the effect of water is modulated by the chemistry of the protolith rocks which influences strain localization
Abaidi, Mohamed. "Instabilités morphologiques de micro-capsules en suspension libre dans un écoulement complexe." Amiens, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013AMIE0120.
Full textPuel, Marjolaine. "Etudes variationnelle et asymptotique de problèmes de la mécanique des fluides et des plasmas." Paris 6, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PA066360.
Full textSingh, Jitendra. "Couplage de la méthode intégrale aux frontières en formulation non-primitive et d'une méthode multipolaire pour la simulation d'écoulement incompressibles." Grenoble INPG, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009INPG0148.
Full textThe present work addresses the development of the Soundary Element Method (SEM) to model various types of flow in microfluidics devices. Two tasks were carried out; coupling SEM with multipole methods to decrease computational requirements; and a new direction of employing non-primitive variables (N-PV) in SEM formulations. Axisymmetric flow models were considered since, while allowing the realistic modelling of droplets encountered in our applications, they are less computationally demanding than three-dimensional models. The Multipole Method SEM was developed for axisymmetric potential problems and the computation time was reduced by one third. This method was adapted to the simulation of free surface flow problem of drop impact. A new boundary integral formulation for Stokes flows in axisymmetric and three-dimensional problems is developed in the second part. This formulation constitutes an actual advancement in N-PV SEM based on the Helmholtz decomposition and was validated on standard axisymmetric problems
Delbende, Ivan. "Reponse impulsionnelle dans les jets tournants et les sillages plans : analyse spatio-temporelle par simulation numerique directe." Palaiseau, Ecole polytechnique, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998EPXX0028.
Full textGrandemange, Mathieu. "Analysis and control of three-dimensional turbulent wakes : from axismmetric bodies to road vehicles." Palaiseau, École nationale supérieure de techniques avancées, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013ESTA0002.
Full textBoudin, Laurent. "Etude mathématique des équations aux dérivées partielles cinétiques et hyperboliques de la physique." Orléans, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000ORLE2031.
Full textIn this work, we investigate some problems coming from fluid mechanics which are modelled by partial differential equations (PDE)
Cattieuw, Philippe. "Etude expérimentale des écoulements gaz-particules dans un lit fluidisé circulant." Aix-Marseille 1, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992AIX11037.
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