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1

Moerters, Peter. "Tangent measure distributions and the geometry of measures." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.307661.

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2

Uyanik, Kivanc. "Entanglement Measures." Master's thesis, METU, 2008. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12609292/index.pdf.

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Being a puzzling feature of quantum mechanics, entanglement caused many debates since the infancy days of quantum theory. But it is the last two decades that it has started to be seen as a resource for physical tasks which are not possible or extremely infeasible to be done classically. Popular examples are quantum cryptography - secure communication based on laws of physics - and quantum computation - an exponential speedup for factoring large integers. On the other hand, with current technological restrictions it seems to be difficult to preserve specific entangled states and to distribute them among distant parties. Therefore a precise measurement of quantum entanglement is necessary. In this thesis, common bipartite and multipartite entanglement measures in the literature are reviewed. Mathematical definitions, proofs of satisfaction of basic axioms and significant properties for each are given as far as possible. For Tangle and Geometric Measure of Entanglement, which is a multipartite measure, results of numerical calculations for some specific states are shown.
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3

Olsen, Lars. "Multifractal Measures." Thesis, University of North Texas, 1994. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc279084/.

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The purpose of this dissertation is to introduce a natural and unifying multifractal formalism which contains the above mentioned multifractal parameters, and gives interesting results for a large class of natural measures. In Part 2 we introduce the proposed multifractal formalism and study it properties. We also show that this multifractal formalism gives natural and interesting results when applied to (nonrandom) graph directed self-similar measures in Rd and "cookie-cutter" measures in R. In Part 3 we use the multifractal formalism introduced in Part 2 to give a detailed discussion of the multifractal structure of random (and hence, as a special case, non-random) graph directed self-similar measures in R^d.
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4

Seguin, Troy. "Risk measures." Connect to online resource, 2008. http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:3303861.

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5

Huang, Rong 1973. "Exploration of brand equity measures : linking customer mind-set measure to product-market performance measure." Thesis, McGill University, 2008. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=115606.

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Motivation: Various brand equity measures have been proposed in extant literature. Few researches have explored the theoretical similarities, differences and relationship between different brand equity measures. In the thesis, I will explore two types of brand equity measures, namely customer mind-set measures and product-market performance measures. In particular, I will look at: 1) the correlation between the two types of measures; 2) which measure reflects the underlying brand equity construct better; 3) the impacts of marketing mix elements on the two types measures respectively; and 4) the prediction relationship between customer mind-set measure and product-market performance measure.
Theoretical Framework: My main theoretical framework will be brand equity literature. I draw upon the Brand Value Chain framework (Keller & Lehmann, 2(03) to explore the conceptual differences between two types of brand equity measurements, namely customer mind-set and product-market performance measurements. Furthermore, I also use Keller's (1993) Customer-Based Brand Equity concept to explore how specific marketing activities impact the brand equity theoretically.
Data and Methodology: This thesis measures brand equity by two methods: customer mind-set (Keller, 1993) and revenue premium (Ailawadi, Lehmann, & Neslin, 2(03). I use two types of data in the empirical analyses. Survey data, procured from a consumer-packaged product company 1, is used to measure customer mind-set brand equity. This unique data consists of proprietary equity scan surveys on 11 brands from 2004 -- 2006 in the United States. The measurement model of brand equity is rooted in Keller's customer-based brand equity concept (1993). The measurements include brand awareness, brand performance, brand image, brand judgment, brand feelings and brand resonance (Keller, 2(01). The second data is from commercial sources, including IRI and TNS, for the specific brands and time periods corresponding to the survey data and includes revenue premium, price, sales, distribution, promotion, and advertising information. Various techniques are employed for analyses including descriptive and reliability analyses, correlation analyses, multiple-regression, and cross-validation.
Contribution: The contribution ofthis thesis is threefold. Firstly, it sheds light on the underlying theory and relationship between two types of brand equity measurements and provides empirical test of the theory. Secondly, it provides a systematic exploration of the impact of marketing mix elements on brand equity using real market data and two different measurements. Third, it offers very practical guidance for managers on how to choose a specific brand equity measures and how to track the brand equity measures over time for their brands.
1Because a confidential agreement with this company, the company name, brands name as well as product category will be disguised in the thesis.
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6

Bausher, Christopher S. "Implementation and measures of effectiveness of travel demand management measures." Master's thesis, Virginia Tech, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/41847.

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This report is a compilation and discussion of information on the implementation of and the measures of effectiveness of transportation demand management measures. The author addresses ten different strategies to reduce the demand on the transportation system. These strategies are: high occupancy vehicle lanes, ridesharing, vanpools, bicycle and pedestrian facilities, road pricing, transportation incentives and allowances, alternative work hours, parking management, telecommuting, and transit improvements. Each topic is briefly described and then followed by implementation issues, measures of effectiveness, and case studies.
Master of Science
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7

Paul, Philip Christopher. "Microelectronic security measures." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2009. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.611689.

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8

Miallaret, Sophie. "Dynamic Monitoring Measures." Thesis, Université Clermont Auvergne‎ (2017-2020), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019CLFAC091.

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Les mesures sont des actes quotidiens, elles nous donnent beaucoup d'informations et permettent de prendre des décisions. L'analyse des mesures peut nous permettre d'en apprendre plus sur notre environnement, mais l'erreur d'une mesure peut avoir des conséquences importantes dans certains domaines. Dans une première partie, nous proposons, grâce à l'étude de mesures d'analyses sanguines réalisées au CHU de Clermont-Ferrand, une procédure permettant de détecter les dérives des analyseurs de laboratoires de biologie médicale, se basant sur les mesures d'analyses de patients. Après une analyse descriptive des données, la méthode mise en place, utilisant des méthodes de détection de ruptures de séries temporelles, est testée pour des simulations de ruptures représentant des décalages, des imprécisions ou des dérives d'analyseurs pour différents paramètres biologiques mesurés. La méthode est adaptée pour deux scénarios : lorsque l'on connaît ou non le service hospitalier des patients. L'étude est complétée par une analyse de l'impact de l'incertitude de mesure sur les analyses des patients. Dans une seconde partie nous étudions des mesures de formes de cendres volcaniques réalisées au Laboratoire Magmas et Volcans de l'Université Clermont Auvergne, dans le but de déterminer un lien entre les lieux de collecte et les formes des particules. Après avoir montré la dépendance entre ces paramètres, nous proposons, grâce une méthode de classification, un regroupement des particules représentant différentes populations dépendantes de la distance entre les lieux de collecte et le cratère du volcan
The measures are daily actions, they give us a lot of information and allow us to make decisions. The analysis of measures can allow us to learn more about our environment, but the error of a measure can have important consequences in certain areas. In a first part, we propose, thanks to the study of blood test measurements carried out at the CHU of Clermont-Ferrand, a procedure for detecting deviations from medical biology laboratory analyzers based on patient analysis measurements. After a descriptive analysis of the data, the method put in place, using methods of detection of breaks of time series, is tested for simulations of breaks representing offsets, imprecision or drifts of machine for different measured biological parameters. The method is adapted for two scenarios: when the patient's hospital service is known or not. The study is supplemented by an analysis of the impact of measurement uncertainty on patient analyses. In a second part we study measurements of volcanic ash forms made at “Laboratoire Magmas et Volcans” of the Clermont Auvergne University, in order to determine a link between the collection locations and the forms of the particles. After showing the dependence between these parameters, we propose, using a classification method, a grouping of particles representing different populations depending on the distance between the collection locations and the volcano crater
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9

Bass, Jeremiah Joseph. "Mycielski-Regular Measures." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2011. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc84171/.

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Let μ be a Radon probability measure on M, the d-dimensional Real Euclidean space (where d is a positive integer), and f a measurable function. Let P be the space of sequences whose coordinates are elements in M. Then, for any point x in M, define a function ƒn on M and P that looks at the first n terms of an element of P and evaluates f at the first of those n terms that minimizes the distance to x in M. The measures for which such sequences converge in measure to f for almost every sequence are called Mycielski-regular. We show that the self-similar measure generated by a finite family of contracting similitudes and which up to a constant is the Hausdorff measure in its dimension on an invariant set C is Mycielski-regular.
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10

Tchernychova, Maria. "Carathéodory cubature measures." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2015. https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:a3a10980-d35d-467b-b3c0-d10d2e491f2d.

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We introduce an efficient algorithm for computing Carathéodory cubature measures, which are defined as interpolatory cubature measures with positive weights, whose cardinality grows polynomially with dimension, as proved in [16]. We discuss two Carathéodory cubature problem formulations. Both are based on thinning the support of the Cartesian product cubature measure, whose cardinality grows exponentially with dimension, via a formulation of a suitable feasibility LP (Linear Programming) problem. A basic feasible solution to the latter fully characterises a Carathéodory cubature measure. The first problem formulation, initially presented in [48], employes the Simplex Algorithm or Interior Point Method to construct a basic feasible solution to the aforementioned LP problem. The complexity of this method is dependent on the number of nodes in the Cartesian product cubature and thus grows exponentially with dimension. The second problem formulation constitutes the main contribution of the present work. Starting from the LP problem, arising from the Cartesian product cubature construction, we employ a hierarchical cluster representation of the underlying constraint matrix and the strictly feasible solution, arising from the weights of the Cartesian product cubature. Applying the Recombination Algorithm, introduced in [96], to this hierarchical data structure, we recursively generate a sequence of smaller LP problems. We construct a basic feasible solution to each LP problem in turn, by employing a novel algorithm, based on the SVD (Singular Value Decomposition) of the constraint matrix, culminating in a basic feasible solution for the original LP problem. The complexity of this algorithm, is independent of the number of nodes in the Cartesian product cubature, and can be shown to grow polynomially rather than exponentially with dimension. Moreover, the novel SVD-based method for computing basic feasible solutions, produces a one order of magnitude speed-up of the overall algorithm, when compared to the algorithm in [96], and is therefore preferable.
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11

Scquizzato, Gianmarco <1989&gt. "Systemic Risk Measures." Master's Degree Thesis, Università Ca' Foscari Venezia, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10579/9570.

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Considering the effects generated by the recent financial crisis, and, given the ease with which a situation of financial distress caused impact beyond and outwith financial system, the concept of systemic risk has gained even more attention in the worldwide community. Despite many studies, there is no recognised single definition of systemic risk and as demonstrated by the existence of numerose metrics in the relative literature, finding effective measures to assess systemic risk is one of the toughest challenges for many individuals and institutions. The aimo of this work is to provide a measure of systemic risk through the use of three econometric methods: principal component analysis, Granger causality test and nonlinear causality test of Diks and Panchenko.
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12

Chmil, Shawn M. "Assessing five common measures of interobserver reliability, proposing new refined measures." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/tape15/PQDD_0011/MQ32911.pdf.

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13

Bausher, Christopher S. "Implimentation [sic] and measures of effectiveness of travel demand management measures /." This resource online, 1994. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-03302010-020412/.

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14

Joyce, Helen Janeith. "Packing measures, packing dimensions, and the existence of sets of positive finite measure." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.307030.

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15

Zhu, Sanguo. "Quantization for probability measures." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2005. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=979725658.

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16

Esteban, Ángeles Juan Luis. "Complexity measures for resolution." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/6642.

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Esta obra es una contribución al campo de la Complejidad de la Demostración, que estudia la complejidad de los sistemas de demostración en términos de los recursos necesarios para demostrar o refutar fórmulas proposicionales. La Complejidad de la Demostración es un interesante campo relacionado con otros campos de la Informática como la Complejidad Computacional o la Demostración Automática entre otros. Esta obra se centra en medidas de complejidad para sistemas de demostración refutacionales para fórmulas en FNC. Consideramos varios sistemas de demostración, concretamente Resolución, R(k) y Planos Secantes y nuestros resultados hacen referencia a las medidas de complejidad de tamaño y espacio.

Mejoramos separaciones de tamaño anteriores entre las versiones generales y arbóreas de Resolución y Planos Secantes. Para hacerlo, extendemos una cota inferior de tamaño para circuitos monótonos booleanos de Ran y McKenzie a circuitos monótonos reales. Este tipo de separaciones es interesante porque algunos demostradores automáticos se basan en la versión arbórea de sistemas de demostración, por tanto la separación indica que no es siempre una buena idea restringirnos a la versión arbórea.

Tras la reciente aparición de R(k), que es un sistema de demostración entre Resolución y Frege con profundidad acotada, era importante estudiar cuan potente es y su relación con otros sistemas de demostración. Resolvemos un problema abierto propuesto por Krajícek, concretamente mostramos que R(2) no tiene la propiedad de la interpolación monónota factible. Para hacerlo, mostramos que R(2) es estrictamente más potente que Resolución.

Una pregunta natural es averiguar si se pueden separar sucesivos niveles de R(k) o R(k) arbóreo. Mostramos separaciones exponenciales entre niveles sucesivos de lo que podemos llamar la jerarquía R(k) arbórea. Esto significa que hay formulas que requieren refutaciones de tamaño exponencial en R(k) arbóreo, pero tienen refutaciones de tamaño polinómico en R(k+1) arbóreo.

Propusimos una nueva definición de espacio para Resolución mejorando la anterior de Kleine-Büning y Lettmann. Dimos resultados generales sobre el espacio para Resolución y Resolución arbórea y también una caracterización combinatoria del espacio para Resolución arbórea usando un juego con dos adversarios para fórmulas en FNC. La caracterización permite demostrar cotas inferiores de espacio para la Resolución arbórea sin necesidad de usar el concepto de Resolución o Resolución arbórea. Durante mucho tiempo no se supo si el espacio para Resolución y Resolución arbórea coincidían o no. Hemos demostrado que no coinciden al haber dado la primera separación entre el espacio para Resolución y Resolución arbórea.

También hemos estudiado el espacio para R(k). Demostramos que al igual que pasaba con el tamaño, R(k) arbóreo también forma una jerarquía respecto al
espacio. Por tanto, hay fórmulas que necesitan espacio casi lineal en R(k) arbóreo mientras que tienen refutaciones en R(k+1) arbóreo con espacio contante. Extendemos todas las cotas inferiores de espacio para Resolución conocidas a R(k) de una forma sencilla y unificada, que también sirve para Resolución, usando el concepto de satisfactibilidad dinámica presentado en esta obra.
This work is a contribution to the field of Proof Complexity, which studies the complexity of proof systems in terms of the resources needed to prove or refute propositional formulas. Proof Complexity is an interesting field which has several connections to other fields of Computer Science like Computational Complexity or Automatic Theorem Proving among others. This work focuses in complexity measures for refutational proof systems for CNF formulas. We consider several proof systems, namely Resolution, R(k) and Cutting Planes and our results concern mainly to the size and space complexity measures.

We improve previous size separations between treelike and general versions of Resolution and Cutting Planes. To do so we extend a size lower bound for monotone boolean circuits by Raz and McKenzie, to monotone real circuits. This kind of separations is interesting because some automated theorem provers rely on the treelike version of proof systems, so the separations show that is not always a good idea to restrict to the treelike version.

After the recent apparition of R(k) which is a proof system lying between Resolution and bounded-depth Frege it was important to study how powerful it is and its relation with other proof systems. We solve an open problem posed by Krajícek, namely we show that R(2) does not have the feasible monotone interpolation property. To do so, we show that R(2) is strictly more powerful than Resolution.

A natural question is to find out whether we can separate successive levels of R(k) or treelike R(k). We show exponential separations between successive levels of what we can call now the treelike R(k) hierarchy. That means that there are formulas that require exponential size treelike R(k) refutations whereas they have polynomial size treelike R(k+1) refutations.

We have proposed a new definition for Resolution space improving a previous one from Kleine-Büning and Lettmann. We give general results for Resolution and treelike Resolution space and also a combinatorial characterization of treelike Resolution space via a Player-Adversary game over CNF formulas. The characterization allows to prove lower bounds for treelike Resolution space with no need to use the concept of Resolution or Resolution refutations at all. For a long time it was not known whether Resolution space and treelike Resolution space coincided or not. We have answered this question in the negative because we give the first space separation from Resolution to treelike Resolution.

We have also studied space for R(k). We show that, as happened with respect to size, treelike R(k) forms a hierarchy respect to space. So, there are formulas that require nearly linear space for treelike R(k) whereas they have constant space treelike R(k+1) refutations. We extend all known Resolution space lower bounds to R(k) in an easier and unified way, that also holds for Resolution, using the concept of dynamical satisfiability introduced in this work.
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17

Leinonen, M. (Marko). "On various irrationality measures." Doctoral thesis, Oulun yliopisto, 2017. http://urn.fi/urn:isbn:9789526217031.

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Abstract This dissertation consists of four articles on irrationality measures. In the first paper we derive explicit irrationality measures by using the simple continued fraction expansions in a completely new way. In the second and third articles we use Padé approximations to construct irrationality measures. In the second paper we obtain an explicit irrationality measure for the values of q-exponential series, for which the earlier corresponding results are not as explicit. Furthermore, we construct a restricted irrationality measure for the values of q-exponential series, which is an improvement on the earlier results in the restricted case. In the third article we derive the best possible asymptotic restricted irrationality exponent for the values of Jacobi's triple product. In the last paper we consider Cantor series. We generalize the earlier results by deriving Sondow's irrationality measure for some Cantor series
Tiivistelmä Tämä väitöskirja koostuu neljästä artikkelista, jotka kaikki käsittelevät irrationaalisuusmittoja. Ensimmäisessä artikkelissa irrationaalisuusmittoja johdetaan uudella tavalla irrationaalilukujen yksinkertaisista ketjumurtolukuesityksistä. Toisessa ja kolmannessa artikkelissa irrationaalisuusmitat konstruoidaan Padé-approksimaatioiden avulla. Toisessa artikkelissa saadaan eksplisiittinen irrationaalisuusmitta q-eksponenttisarjan arvoille, joiden vastaavat aikaisemmat irrationaalisuusmitat eivät ole näin eksplisiittisiä. Lisäksi samassa artikkelissa konstruoidaan q-eksponenttisarjan arvoille rajoitettu eksplisiittinen irrationaalisuusmitta, mikä parantaa aikaisempia tuloksia rajoitetussa tapauksessa. Kolmannessa artikkelissa johdetaan paras mahdollinen asymptoottinen irrationaalisuuseksponentti Jacobin kolmitulon arvoille. Viimeisessä artikkelissa käsitellään Cantorin sarjoja. Siinä yleistetään aikaisempia tuloksia johtamalla Sondowin irrationaalisuusmitta tietylle joukolle Cantorin sarjoja
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18

Meijs, Wouter. "Probabilistic measures of coherence." [S.l. : Rotterdam : s.n.] ; Erasmus University [Host], 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/1765/6670.

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19

Crick, David Alan. "Measures of inexact diagnosability." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/9216.

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20

Matte, Robert. "Correlations and multifractal measures." Thesis, McGill University, 1992. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=56945.

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This thesis explores the relationships between multifractal measures, multiplicative cascades and correlations. A review of fractal geometry, multifractal formalism and multiplicative cascades is offered. The importance of the Legendre transformation in multifractal formalism is highlighted, especially for multifractal spectrums which are not convex or twice differentiable. By reconsidering the scaling assumption $N sb{p}( alpha$) d$ alpha$ = $ sigma( alpha) rho sp{-f( alpha)} d alpha$, we show that subsets of a measure may offer a different multifractal spectrum. A gradation of self-similarity and scaling vis-a-vis canonicity is offered. Localized and generalized correlations are introduced, and two-point correlations are revisited for multiplicative cascades. A three-point correlation function is presented and discussed. The presence of an integral scale is shown to produce a more involved correlation scaling behaviour.
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21

Cheng, Chi-chung Vincent, and 鄭智聰. "Proactive infection control measures." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2012. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B48540596.

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Infection control is an often neglected clinical subject in Hong Kong until the outbreak of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) in 2003. A total of eight healthcare workers, including four medical doctors, succumbed as a result of nosocomial acquisition of SARS-coronavirus (SARS-CoV) at the time. Since then, the importance of infection control practice was much better appreciated by the frontline healthcare workers, as it can be a matter of life-or-death. My thesis summarized our research on the proactive infection control measures to prevent nosocomial transmission of respiratory and gastrointestinal viruses, to control emerging and endemic antibiotic-resistant bacteria, and on the management of unprecedented infection outbreaks in the hospital. Promotion of hand hygiene is the cornerstone of proactive infection control measures. By adopting the concept and practice of directly-observed hand hygiene, we demonstrated successful control of outbreaks and prevention for both respiratory and gastroenteritis viruses. Introduction of electronic devices for continuous monitoring of hand hygiene compliance in high risk clinical areas provides an opportunity for immediate feedback and timely education to frontline staffs. The global dissemination of multiple drug resistant organisms (MDROs) such as methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), community-associated MRSA (CA-MRSA), vancomycin-resistant enterococcus (VRE), hypervirulent clone of Clostridium difficile, extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) producing organisms, and the recently described carbapenem-resistant enterobacteriaceae (CRE), pose a great challenge to the infection control professionals. In Hong Kong, MRSA has been endemic for more than two decades. Although we proved that the appropriate use of single room isolation and hand hygiene can significantly reduce the incidence of nosocomial MRSA in the adult intensive care unit, the isolation facilities remain limited in the general medical and surgical units. Innovations are much in need to manage this old and persistent problem. Therefore, we demonstrated that use of antibiotics, in particular beta-lactams and fluoroquinolones, could increase the risk of environmental contamination by increasing microbial density of MRSA in the anterior nares by 2-3 log10 in as little as 1 week. We also found that some MRSA strains such as spa types t1081 and t037 were more transmissible. Based on these findings, we prioritized our isolation facilities for those patients who are heavily colonized or infected with highly transmissible spa-type t1081, especially when they are receiving antibiotic therapy. Along with our enhancement of hand hygiene practices and antibiotic stewardship program, the incidence of MRSA bacteremia per 1000-patient-days was the lowest among the seven hospital clusters in Hong Kong. We believe that our experience in the control of the MRSA can be extended to contain the spread of CA-MRSA and other MDROs. Besides the prevailing infectious diseases with high endemicity, we have to be vigilant against other potential outbreaks due to uncommon micro-organisms such as the polymicrobial outbreak in patients undergoing intermittent peritoneal dialysis caused by hospital renovation, the unprecedented outbreak of intestinal mucormycosis caused by Rhizopus microsporous among the patients with hematological malignancy, and the nosocomial outbreak of legionellosis in our locality. Extensive outbreak investigations were performed, which demonstrated that environmental factors were also important in causing nosocomial outbreaks.
published_or_final_version
Microbiology
Master
Doctor of Medicine
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22

AGUIAR, JOSE LUIZ DO NASCIMENTO DE. "TIME SERIES SYMILARITY MEASURES." PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO, 2016. http://www.maxwell.vrac.puc-rio.br/Busca_etds.php?strSecao=resultado&nrSeq=27789@1.

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PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO
COORDENAÇÃO DE APERFEIÇOAMENTO DO PESSOAL DE ENSINO SUPERIOR
PROGRAMA DE EXCELENCIA ACADEMICA
Atualmente, uma tarefa muito importante na mineração de dados é compreender como extrair os dados mais informativos dentre um número muito grande de dados. Uma vez que todos os campos de conhecimento apresentam uma grande quantidade de dados que precisam ser reduzidas até as informações mais representativas, a abordagem das séries temporais é definitivamente um método muito forte para representar e extrair estas informações. No entanto nós precisamos ter uma ferramenta apropriada para inferir os dados mais significativos destas séries temporais, e para nos ajudar, podemos utilizar alguns métodos de medida de similaridade para saber o grau de igualdade entre duas séries temporais, e nesta pesquisa nós vamos realizar um estudo utilizando alguns métodos de similaridade baseados em medidas de distância e aplicar estes métodos em alguns algoritmos de clusterização para fazer uma avaliação de se existe uma combinação (método de similaridade baseado em distância / algoritmo de clusterização) que apresenta uma performance melhor em relação a todos os outros utilizados neste estudo, ou se existe um método de similaridade baseado em distância que mostra um desempenho melhor que os demais.
Nowadays a very important task in data mining is to understand how to collect the most informative data in a very amount of data. Once every single field of knowledge have lots of data to summarize in the most representative information, the time series approach is definitely a very strong way to represent and collect this information from it (12, 22). On other hand we need to have an appropriate tool to extract the most significant data from this time series. To help us we can use some similarity methods to know how similar is one time series from another In this work we will perform a research using some distance-based similarity methods and apply it in some clustering algorithms to do an assessment to see if there is a combination (distance-based similarity methods / clustering algorithm) that present a better performance in relation with all the others used in this work or if there exists one distancebased similarity method that shows a better performance between the others.
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23

Soklakov, Andrei Nikolaevich. "Measures of dynamical complexity." Thesis, Royal Holloway, University of London, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.271547.

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24

Dabrowski, Damian. "Rectifiability of Radon measures." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/672535.

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Aquesta tesi es dedica a l’estudi de mesures rectificables, de rectificabilitat quantitativa i, en menor grau, del límit dels operadors integrals singulars definits respecte a mesures amb creixement polinòmic.
Esta tesis está dedicada al estudio de medidas rectificables, rectificabilidad cuantitativa y, en menor grado, la acotación de operadores integrales singulares definidos respecto a medidas con crecimiento polinomial.
This thesis is dedicated to the study of rectifiable measures, quantitative rectifiability, and to a lesser degree, the boundedness of singular integral operators defined with respect to measures with polynomial growth.
Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona. Programa de Doctorat en Matemàtiques
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25

Hoffman, Dieter. "Measures of financial development." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/28973.

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The subject of financial development has received a great deal of attention, both theoretically and through empirical research. Earlier work focussed on the relationship between financial development and economic growth, with both policy makers and academics seeing financial liberalisation and the development of financial systems as a way to quickly improve the welfare of a country's citizens. Practically the steps taken to liberalise and develop financial systems have had mixed results, indicating the pitfalls of any 'one size fits all' approach to development. Still, there is almost unanimous acceptance of a strong linkage between the financial system and the wider economy. Financial development in Africa is also of particular interest given the economic challenges that many African countries face (and related issues such as poverty). Financial development can act as a lever to spur economic growth and ultimately the welfare of much of the continent. However, it is widely recognised that African financial systems are under-developed. Allen et al. (2013) show that even compared to other developing economies, African financial systems score significantly lower across most measures of development. More recent studies have therefore shifted focus towards answering questions related to the determinants and drivers of financial development itself. Given the accepted benefits of an effective financial system, what policies and interventions can be put in place to assist with financial development? Ultimately, any inquiry into the realm of financial development is constrained by the study's ability to select the appropriate indicators for, and accurately measure the financial system. Even under ideal circumstances this can be challenging, as there is certainly no consistent view as to how best measure financial development. Approaches have changed over time, from traditionally focussing on simply the size and depth of a financial market to more modern indicators related to stability and financial inclusion – more aligned to the long term welfare outcomes in the economy rather than merely measuring the properties of a system. In reality, studies have to account for inconsistent and often missing data sets, especially for developing economies (which tend to be the focus of research into development). The assertion of La Porta et al. (1998) that measuring the size of financial markets "is a bit tricky" somewhat understates the challenges related to the measurement of financial systems. This study aims to explore the theory and empirical studies related to financial development, its impact on economic growth in Africa and the various ways to measure financial markets and institutions. The rest of this report is structured as follows; Section 2 contains the context and case for the study and lays out the objectives for the research. It also provides a summary overview of the key functions of financial systems as a reference for the rest of the paper. Section 3 provides a comprehensive review on the literature around three core areas (1) The relationship between financial development and economic growth, (2) the determinants of financial development and (3) the approaches to measuring financial development. Section 4 contains the discussion on this study's methodology and hypotheses. Section 5 discusses the key results and findings from the analysis. Section 6 provides a conclusion and recommendations for future research, followed by the Appendices.
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Laubacher, Timothy Charles. "Physiological measures of presence." The Ohio State University, 2006. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1407237660.

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Haddad, Stephen. "Texture measures for segmentation." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/7461.

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Includes bibliographical references (p. 67-72).
Texture is an important visual cue in both human and computer vision. Segmenting images into regions of constant texture is used in many applications. This work surveys a wide range of texture descriptors and segmentation methods to determine the state of the art in texture segmentation. Two types of texture descriptors are investigated: filter bank based methods and local descriptors. Filter banks deconstruct an image into several bands, each of which emphasises areas of the image with different properties. Textons are an adaptive histogram method which describes the distribution of typical feature vectors. Local descriptors calculate features from smaller neighbourhoods than filter banks. Some local descriptors calculate a scale for their local neighbourhood to achieve scale invariance. Both local and global segmentation methods are investigated. Local segmentation methods consider each pixel in isolation. Global segmentation methods penalise jagged borders or fragmented regions in the segmentation. Pixel labelling and border detection methods are investigated. Methods for measuring the accuracy of segmentation are discussed. Two data sets are used to test the texture segmentation algorithms. The Brodatz Album mosaics are composed of grayscale texture images from the Brodatz Album. The Berkeley Natural Images data set has 300 colour images of natural scenes. The tests show that, of the descriptors tested, filter bank based textons are the best texture descriptors for grayscale images. Local image patch textons are best for colour images. Graph cut segmentation is best for pixel labelling problems and edge detection with regular borders. Non-maxima suppression is best for edge detection with irregular borders. Factors affecting the performance of the algorithms are investigated.
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Grannan, Benjamin. "Haar Measures for Groupoids." VCU Scholars Compass, 2009. http://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/1738.

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The definition of a groupoid is presented as well as examples of common structures from which a groupoid can be formed. Haar measure existence and uniqueness theorems for topological groups are used for the construction of Haar systems on groupoids. Some Haar systems are presented in addition to an example of a groupoid which admits no Haar system.
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Buchet, Mickaël. "Topological inference from measures." Thesis, Paris 11, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA112367/document.

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La quantité de données disponibles n'a jamais été aussi grande. Se poser les bonnes questions, c'est-à-dire des questions qui soient à la fois pertinentes et dont la réponse est accessible est difficile. L'analyse topologique de données tente de contourner le problème en ne posant pas une question trop précise mais en recherchant une structure sous-jacente aux données. Une telle structure est intéressante en soi mais elle peut également guider le questionnement de l'analyste et le diriger vers des questions pertinentes. Un des outils les plus utilisés dans ce domaine est l'homologie persistante. Analysant les données à toutes les échelles simultanément, la persistance permet d'éviter le choix d'une échelle particulière. De plus, ses propriétés de stabilité fournissent une manière naturelle pour passer de données discrètes à des objets continus. Cependant, l'homologie persistante se heurte à deux obstacles. Sa construction se heurte généralement à une trop large taille des structures de données pour le travail en grandes dimensions et sa robustesse ne s'étend pas au bruit aberrant, c'est-à-dire à la présence de points non corrélés avec la structure sous-jacente.Dans cette thèse, je pars de ces deux constatations et m'applique tout d'abord à rendre le calcul de l'homologie persistante robuste au bruit aberrant par l'utilisation de la distance à la mesure. Utilisant une approximation du calcul de l'homologie persistante pour la distance à la mesure, je fournis un algorithme complet permettant d'utiliser l'homologie persistante pour l'analyse topologique de données de petite dimension intrinsèque mais pouvant être plongées dans des espaces de grande dimension. Précédemment, l'homologie persistante a également été utilisée pour analyser des champs scalaires. Ici encore, le problème du bruit aberrant limitait son utilisation et je propose une méthode dérivée de l'utilisation de la distance à la mesure afin d'obtenir une robustesse au bruit aberrant. Cela passe par l'introduction de nouvelles conditions de bruit et l'utilisation d'un nouvel opérateur de régression. Ces deux objets font l'objet d'une étude spécifique. Le travail réalisé au cours de cette thèse permet maintenant d'utiliser l'homologie persistante dans des cas d'applications réelles en grandes dimensions, que ce soit pour l'inférence topologique ou l'analyse de champs scalaires
Massive amounts of data are now available for study. Asking questions that are both relevant and possible to answer is a difficult task. One can look for something different than the answer to a precise question. Topological data analysis looks for structure in point cloud data, which can be informative by itself but can also provide directions for further questioning. A common challenge faced in this area is the choice of the right scale at which to process the data.One widely used tool in this domain is persistent homology. By processing the data at all scales, it does not rely on a particular choice of scale. Moreover, its stability properties provide a natural way to go from discrete data to an underlying continuous structure. Finally, it can be combined with other tools, like the distance to a measure, which allows to handle noise that are unbounded. The main caveat of this approach is its high complexity.In this thesis, we will introduce topological data analysis and persistent homology, then show how to use approximation to reduce the computational complexity. We provide an approximation scheme to the distance to a measure and a sparsifying method of weighted Vietoris-Rips complexes in order to approximate persistence diagrams with practical complexity. We detail the specific properties of these constructions.Persistent homology was previously shown to be of use for scalar field analysis. We provide a way to combine it with the distance to a measure in order to handle a wider class of noise, especially data with unbounded errors. Finally, we discuss interesting opportunities opened by these results to study data where parts are missing or erroneous
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Reshef, David N. "On measures of dependence." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2011. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.711631.

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31

Love, Randall James. "Predictive software design measures." Thesis, This resource online, 1994. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-06112009-063248/.

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32

McNiel, Patrick D. "Implicit and explicit measures." Thesis, Atlanta, Ga. : Georgia Institute of Technology, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/28132.

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33

Fagelson, Marc A. "Psychoacoustic Measures of Tinnitus." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2005. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/1620.

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34

Penner, Irina. "Dynamic convex risk measures." Doctoral thesis, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Fakultät II, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/15745.

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In dieser Arbeit werden verschiedene Eigenschaften von dynamischen konvexen Risikomaßen für beschränkte Zufallsvariablen untersucht. Dabei gehen wir vor allem der Frage nach, wie die Risikobewertungen in verschiedenen Zeitpunkten von einander abhängen, und wie sich solche Zeitkonsistenzeigenschaften in der Dynamik der Penalty-Funktionen und Risikoprozesse widerspiegeln. Im Kapitel 2 widmen wir uns zunächst der starken Zeitkonsistenz und charakterisieren diese mithilfe von Akzeptanzmengen, Penalty-Funktionen und einer gemeinsamen Supermartingaleigenschaft des Risikoprozesses und seiner Penalty-Funktion. Die Charakterisierung durch Penalty-Funktionen liefert eine explizite Form der Doob- und der Riesz-Zerlegung des Prozesses der Penalty-Funktionen. Anschließend führen wir einen schwächeren Begriff der Zeitkonsistenz ein, den wir Besonnenheit nennen. In Analogie zu dem zeitkonsistenten Fall charakterisieren wir Besonnenheit durch Akzeptanzmengen, Penalty-Funktionen und eine bestimmte Supermartingaleigenschaft. Diese Supermartingaleigenschaft gilt allgemeiner für alle beschränkten adaptierten Prozesse, die sich ohne zusätzliches Risiko aufrechterhalten lassen. Wir nennen solche Prozesse nachhaltig und beschreiben Nachhaltigkeit durch eine gemeinsame Supermartingaleigenschaft des Prozesses und der schrittweisen Penalty-Funktionen. Dieses Resultat kann als eine verallgemeinerte optionale Zerlegung unter konvexen Restriktionen gesehen werden. Mithilfe der Supermartingaleigenschaft identifizieren wir das stark zeitkonsistente dynamische Risikomaß, das aus jedem beliebigen Risikomaß rekursiv konstruiert werden kann, als den kleinsten Prozeß, der nachhaltig ist und den Endverlust minimiert. Diese Beschreibung liefert ein neues Argument für den Einsatz von zeitkonsistenten Risikomaßen. Im Kapitel 3 diskutieren wir das asymptotische Verhalten von zeitkonsistenten und von besonnenen Risikomaßen hinsichtlich der asymptotischen Sicherheit und der asymptotischen Präzision. Im Kapitel 4 werden die allgemeinen Ergebnisse aus den Kapiteln 2 und 3 anhand des entropischen Risikomaßes und des Superhedging-Preisprozesses veranschaulicht.
In this thesis we study various properties of a dynamic convex risk measure for bounded random variables. The main subject is to investigate possible interdependence of conditional risk assessments at different times and the manifestation of these time consistency properties in the dynamics of corresponding penalty functions and risk processes. In Chapter 2 we focus first on the strong notion of time consistency and characterize it in terms of penalty functions, acceptance sets and a joint supermartingale property of the risk measure and its penalty function. The characterization in terms of penalty functions provides the explicit form of the Doob and of the Riesz decomposition of the penalty function process for a time consistent risk measure. Then we introduce and study a weaker notion of time consistency, that we call prudence. Similar to the time consistent case, we characterize prudent dynamic risk measures in terms of acceptance sets, of penalty functions and by a certain supermartingale property. This supermartingale property holds more generally for any bounded adapted process that can be upheld without any additional risk. We call such processes sustainable, and we give an equivalent characterization of sustainability in terms of a combined supermartingale property of a process and one-step penalty functions. This result can be viewed as a generalized optimal decomposition under convex constraints. The supermartingale property allows us to characterize the strongly time consistent risk measure arising from any dynamic risk measure via recursive construction as the smallest process that is sustainable and covers the final loss. Thus our discussion provides a new reason for using strongly time consistent risk measures. In Chapter 3 we discuss the limit behavior of time consistent and of prudent risk measures in terms of asymptotic safety and of asymptotic precision. In the final Chapter 4 we illustrate the general results of Chapter 2 and Chapter 3 by examples. In particular we study the entropic dynamic risk measure and the superhedging price process under convex constraints.
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35

Gonzalez, Shannon M. "Biological Indicators of Wetland Health: Comparing Qualitative and Quantitative Vegetation Measures with Anuran Measures." Scholar Commons, 2004. https://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/1049.

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Understanding wetland responses to human perturbations is essential to the effective management of Florida's surface and ground water resources. Southwest Florida Water Management District (SWFWMD) Rules (Chapter 40D-2.301(c) FAC) prohibit adverse environmental effects to wetlands, fish and wildlife caused by groundwater withdrawal. Numerous studies have documented the responses of biological attributes across taxa and regions to human disturbance. Biological assessment can provide information about ecological condition. Based on long-term monitoring conducted by the SWFWMD, the anthropogenic changes observed on the Starkey Wellfield are attributed to groundwater withdrawal. Biological indicators are species, species assemblages, or communities whose presence, abundance, and condition are indicative of a particular set of environmental conditions. Monitoring early indicators of ecosystem stress may shorten response time by shifting attention to the relatively quick response of sensitive species. Species used to assess biological condition should be abundant and tractable elements of the system that provide an early, diagnosis. Regulatory requirements within 40D-2 F.A.C. dictate an extensive analysis be conducted twice yearly on wetlands within all wellfields. This quantitative analysis provides information on the wetland plant community through the collection of eighteen categorized vegetative and physical variables. Because of the size of the area in which monitoring is required and the large number of wetlands, a rapid qualitative monitoring method was developed using vegetation and physical variables to classify wetlands into one of three categories based on their perceived health. Wetland plants have many characteristics suited to assessments of biological condition including their diversity, taxonomy, distribution, relative immobility, well developed sampling protocols, and, for herbaceous species, their moderate sensitivity to disturbance (U.S. EPA 2002, Doherty et al. 2000). Because amphibians occupy both aquatic and terrestrial habitats in their life history, have physiological adaptations and specific microhabitat requirements, they are considered to be extremely sensitive to environmental perturbations and excellent barometers of the health of the aquatic and terrestrial habitats in which they reside (Vitt et al. 1990, Wake 1998, Blaustein 1994, Blaustein et al. 1994). The purpose of my study was to 1) compare a qualitative method of wetland vegetation monitoring to a quantitative method, 2) document the reproductive success of anurans, and 3) compare anuran reproductive success to the vegetation monitoring results on the J. B. Starkey Wellfield (SWF). The results are published in chapters, with each chapter addressing one of the topics stated above. The results show a rapid, qualitative measure of wetland health is useful for the determination of severely affected wetlands. The anuran reproductive success reflected similar results. The results show that wetlands can be categorized based solely on amphibian reproductive success variables. The anuran categorization, qualitative vegetative categorization, and quantitative vegetative categorization overlap on the high and low success wetlands. The low degree of overlap observed in the intermediate category could be attributed to fish predation in a wetland otherwise suited for amphibian reproduction, natural variability in the two years of anuran data collected or lag time inherent in vegetative monitoring. Strong correlative evidence suggests hydroperiod regulates anuran reproductive success on the J. B. Starkey Wellfield. The average length of inundation was correlated with the number of tadpoles captured per unit effort and the number of tadpole species captured per year (R=0.73, p<.01; R=0.70, p<.05). The average Julian date of inundation at which breeding attempts stopped and no tadpoles were observed was weeks within the published breeding season for many species. I detected a correlation between the number of species calling in each wetland and the number of tadpole species captured per year (R=0.87, p<.001) suggesting call censuses may be used at this site to estimate anuran reproductive success if enough well-timed observations are made. These findings will allow resource managers and regulators to evaluate and possibly refine land management practices, including existing monitoring methods, and water policy to meet the needs of resident amphibians at the J.B. Starkey Wellfield.
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36

Mak, Hoi-yan Jennifer. "Quantitative measures of supraglottic activity." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2002. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B36208401.

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Thesis (B.Sc)--University of Hong Kong, 2002.
"A dissertation submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the Bachelor of Science (Speech and Hearing Sciences), The University of Hong Kong, May 10, 2002." Also available in print.
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37

Eksi, Zehra. "Comparative Study Of Risk Measures." Master's thesis, METU, 2005. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12606501/index.pdf.

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There is a little doubt that, for a decade, risk measurement has become one of the most important topics in finance. Indeed, it is natural to observe such a development, since in the last ten years, huge amounts of financial transactions ended with severe losses due to severe convulsions in financial markets. Value at risk, as the most widely used risk measure, fails to quantify the risk of a position accurately in many situations. For this reason a number of consistent risk measures have been introduced in the literature. The main aim of this study is to present and compare coherent, convex, conditional convex and some other risk measures both in theoretical and practical settings.
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38

YONEKAWA, YOSHIHARU. "TECHNICAL PREVENTIVE MEASURES IN JAPAN." Nagoya University School of Medicine, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/2237/16070.

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39

Kalmus, Ellis. "Forensic measures of sexual interest." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.397547.

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40

Bahsoun, Wael. "Invariant measures for inner functions." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp01/MQ47799.pdf.

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41

Romanyshyn, Nicholas. "Automatic measures of oral reading." Connect to online resource, 2007. http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:1442919.

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42

Smith, Kyla M. "Field measures of refractive error /." Adobe Acrobat Reader required to view document, 2008. http://library.neco.edu/theses/SmithThesisMay08.pdf.

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43

Enflo, Karin. "Measures of Freedom of Choice." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala universitet, Avdelningen för praktisk filosofi, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-179078.

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This thesis studies the problem of measuring freedom of choice. It analyzes the concept of freedom of choice, discusses conditions that a measure should satisfy, and introduces a new class of measures that uniquely satisfy ten proposed conditions. The study uses a decision-theoretical model to represent situations of choice and a metric space model to represent differences between options. The first part of the thesis analyzes the concept of freedom of choice. Different conceptions of freedom of choice are categorized into evaluative and non-evaluative, as well as preference-dependent and preference-independent kinds. The main focus is on the three conceptions of freedom of choice as cardinality of choice sets, representativeness of the universal set, and diversity of options, as well as the three conceptions of freedom of rational choice, freedom of eligible choice, and freedom of evaluated choice. The second part discusses the conceptions, together with conditions for a measure and a variety of measures proposed in the literature. The discussion mostly focuses on preference-independent conceptions of freedom of choice, in particular the diversity conception. Different conceptions of diversity are discussed, as well as properties that could affect diversity, such as the cardinality of options, the differences between the options, and the distribution of differences between the options. As a result, the diversity conception is accepted as the proper explication of the concept of freedom of choice. In addition, eight conditions for a measure are accepted. The conditions concern domain-insensitivity, strict monotonicity, no-choice situations, dominance of differences, evenness, symmetry, spread of options, and limited function growth. None of the previously proposed measures satisfy all of these conditions. The third part concerns the construction of a ratio-scale measure that satisfies the accepted conditions. Two conditions are added regarding scale-independence and function growth proportional to cardinality. Lastly, it is shown that only one class of measures satisfy all ten conditions, given an additional assumption that the measures should be analytic functions with non-zero partial derivatives with respect to some function of the differences. These measures are introduced as the Ratio root measures.
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44

Quackenbush, Schuyler Reynier. "Objective measures of speech quality." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/13376.

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45

King, James F. "Dimension characteristics for invariant measures." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/28788.

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46

Pearce, Nathalie. "Measures of the supervisory relationship." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2010. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.531937.

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47

Sousa, Sérgio Dinis Teixeira de. "Quality improvement measures in SMEs." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2005. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.422289.

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48

Greenwood, Dona. "Measures of malnutrition in England." Thesis, University of Surrey, 1998. http://epubs.surrey.ac.uk/804888/.

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49

Twyman, Matthew Shaun. "Metacognitive measures of implicit knowledge." Thesis, University of Sussex, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.390629.

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50

Porter, Gillian. "Pupillometric measures of visual cognition." Thesis, University of Bristol, 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.402313.

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