Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Measurement of signal characteristics'
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SUGIURA, Yoshie, Takaya YAMAZATO, Masaaki KATAYAMA, and 正昭 片山. "Measurement of Narrowband Channel Characteristics in Single-Phase Three-Wire Indoor Power-Line Channels." IEEE, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2237/11152.
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Sucic, Victor. "Parameters Selection for Optimising Time-Frequency Distributions and Measurements of Time-Frequency Characteristics of Nonstationary Signals." Queensland University of Technology, 2004. http://eprints.qut.edu.au/15834/.
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The quadratic class of time-frequency distributions (TFDs) forms a set of tools which allow to effectively extract important information from a nonstationary signal. To determine which TFD best represents the given signal, it is a common practice to visually compare different TFDs' time-frequency plots, and select as best the TFD with the most appealing plot. This visual comparison is not only subjective, but also difficult and unreliable especially when signal components are closely-spaced in the time-frequency plane. To objectively compare TFDs, a quantitative performance measure should be used. Several measures of concentration/complexity have been proposed in the literature. However, those measures by being derived with certain theoretical assumptions about TFDs are generally not suitable for the TFD selection problem encountered in practical applications. The non-existence of practically-valuable measures for TFDs' resolution comparison, and hence the non-existence of methodologies for the signal optimal TFD selection, has significantly limited the use of time-frequency tools in practice. In this thesis, by extending and complementing the concept of spectral resolution to the case of nonstationary signals, and by redefining the set of TFDs' properties desirable for practical applications, we define an objective measure to quantify the quality of TFDs. This local measure of TFDs' resolution performance combines all important signal time-varying parameters, along with TFDs' characteristics that influence their resolution. Methodologies for automatically selecting a TFD which best suits a given signal, including real-life signals, are also developed. The optimisation of the resolution performances of TFDs, by modifying their kernel filter parameters to enhance the TFDs' resolution capabilities, is an important prerequisite in satisfying any additional application-specific requirements by the TFDs. The resolution performance measure and the accompanying TFDs' comparison criteria allow to improve procedures for designing high-resolution quadratic TFDs for practical time-frequency analysis. The separable kernel TFDs, designed in this way, are shown to best resolve closely-spaced components for various classes of synthetic and real-life signals that we have analysed.
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North, Graham M. "Signal characteristics of surface EMG." Thesis, McGill University, 1989. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=55624.
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Schirtzinger, Mary Beth Bateman. "Maternal depression : measurement and characteristics /." The Ohio State University, 1990. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu148768178825174.
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Кожухар, Павло Вікторович. "Кількісний контроль магнітних параметрів документів магнітооптичною телевізійною системою." Thesis, НТУУ «КПІ», 2016. https://ela.kpi.ua/handle/123456789/17695.
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В дисертаційній роботі розроблено магнітооптичну телевізійну систему, яка на відміну від відомих, дозволяє окрім якісного виконувати кількісний магнітний контроль документів. Розроблено узагальнений метод кількісного контролю магнітних параметрів документів, що дозволяє їх rласифікацію зі зниженим впливом шумів магнітооптичного перетворення, чутливістю до зміни параметрів намагнічування та неоднорідностей щільності друку. Удосконалено метод магнітооптичного топографування, що дозволяє отримувати сигнал двовимірного розподілу розсіяного магнітного поля елементів документів у матричній цифровій формі. Запропоновано методику оцінки чутливості і роздільної здатності телевізійної системи магнітооптичного контролю. Виконано комплексне експериментальне дослідження теоретичних напрацювань. Розроблені методи дозволяють підвищити вірогідність магнітного контролю (виявлення фальсифікації) документів, як виготовлених промислових методом (банкноти та захищені бланки) так і загально доступним (друк побутовою оргтехнікою) за рахунок виконання кількісного контролю їх магнітних параметрів. При цьому телевізійні системи, що реалізують запропоновані методи зберігають можливість якісного топологічного та трасологічного дослідження, тобто на відміну від відомих забезпечують комплексний магнітний контроль документів.The magnetic control of documents (including banknotes and protected blanks) is used at its production, banking and forensic research. Present devices divide into two groups. First ones are using a stock of huge induction or Hall sensors and performing only quantitative magnetic control with low resolution. Second ones are using magneto-optic sensors, which allows doing qualitative magnetic control with high resolution but could not perform quantitative control due to low dynamic range. The dissertation covers developing of TV system intended for quantitative control of magnetic parameters of documents using magneto-optic sensor, which have not implemented. It allows increasing the accuracy of magnetic control of documents due to providing integrated (quantitative and qualitative) magnetic control with high resolution and using only one sensor. Developed generalized method of quantitative control of magnetic parameters of documents allows its classification with decreased effect of magneto-optic noise and sensitivity to changing of magnetization and print density. This method involves getting a two-dimensional distribution of the signal of scattered magnetic field of documents in matrix digital form perhaps improved method of magneto-optical topography with auxiliary magnetic field source and coprocessing of magneto-optic images by TV system. Thus, documents spatial distribution of magnetic flux density is obtained in suitable for digital automated signal processing form. The next steps are calculating histograms of magnetic field of reference and controlled documents; approximation and normalization of this histograms; pairwise comparison of normalized histograms by proposed qualitative index of dissimilarity and making check solution about a membership of controlled document at reference group. All these steps are performed automatically by TV system so the method allows decreasing expenditure of time during magnetic control of documents. In addition there is suggested the procedure of evaluating the sensitivity and resolution of the TV system for the magneto-optic check. It consist in SNR evaluation of magneto-optic image of test document sample with known signal and no-signal areas. A comprehensive experimental study of the theoretical developments is passed. Developed magneto-optical TV system allows detecting reprinting of document by another printer with accuracy 50 – 100% (for examined printing samples) at the expense of proposed qualitative control. There is proved for examined banknote samples a capability to detect a falsification of banknotes magnetic protection by developed system even if present (qualitative-only) magneto-optic detectors cannot detect falsification due to same topology of magnetic print. The sensitivity and resolution of developed TV system allows detection of magnetic paint strokes 21 μm width and resolution of strokes with width and spaced by 42 μm with SNR not less than 6 dB. Thus, developed methods allow to increase the accuracy of magnetic control (detection of falsification) of documents through the implementation of the quantitative control of their magnetic parameters, both for documents manufactured by industry (banknotes and protected forms) and made in publicly available way (print by office equipment). Herewith television systems implementing the method, retain the ability to qualitative documents research like topological and trasological, i. e. in contrast to known provide an integrated magnetic control of documents. That’s why scientific and practical results are implemented magneto-optic TV systems Regula 4197 and Regula 7701M, modern methodology of forensic research of magnetic print and digital help-desk system “Currensy”, which contains samples of magnetic parameters of world banknotes made by indicated above TV systems.
В диссертационной работе разработана магнитооптическая телевизионная система, которая в отличии от известных, позволяет помимо качественного выполнять количественный магнитный контроль документов. Разработан обобщенный метод количественного контроля магнитных параметров документов, который позволяет их классификацию со сниженным влиянием шумов магнитооптического преобразования, чувствительностью к изменению параметров намагничивания и неоднородностей плотности печати. Усовершенствован метод магнитооптического топографирования, что позволяет получать сигнал двумерного распределения рассеянного магнитного поля документов в матричной цифровой форме. Предложена методика оценки чувствительности и разрешающей способности телевизионной системы магнитооптического контроля. Проведено комплексное экспериментальное исследование теоретических наработок. Разработанные методы позволяют повысить достоверность магнитного контроля (выявления фальсификации) документов, как изготовленных промышленным методом (банкноты и защищенные бланки) так и общедоступным (печать бытовой оргтехникой) за счет выполнения количественного контроля их магнитных параметров. При этом телевизионные системы, реализующие предложенные методы, сохраняют возможность качественного топологического и трасологического исследования, т. е. в отличии от известных обеспечивают комплексный магнитный контроль документов.
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Sheet, Lenny. "Noise measurement to 40PPM using digital signal processing." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/26832.
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Xia, Tian. "On-chip timing measurement /." View online ; access limited to URI, 2003. http://0-wwwlib.umi.com.helin.uri.edu/dissertations/dlnow/3112132.
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Lin, Yaoying. "Signal processing and experimental technology in ultrasonic flow measurement." kostenfrei, 2004. http://miless.uni-duisburg-essen.de/servlets/DocumentServlet?id=11652.
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Yasin, Seyed Mohammad Taghi Alhoseyni Almodarresi. "Application of intelligent signal processing to dynamic measurement systems." Thesis, University of Southampton, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.342812.
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Read, Craig. "Complexity characteristics and measurement within engineering systems." Thesis, Loughborough University, 2008. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/8140.
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Complexity is a significant factor in the development of new products and systems; generally speaking, the higher the complexity, the more difficult products and systems are going to be to design and develop. There are a number of different factors that influence complexity within systems, namely: interoperability; upgradability; adaptability; evolving requirements; system size; automation requirements; performance requirements; support requirements; sustainability; reliability; the need for increased product lifespan; and finally, the length of time systems take to develop. There is, at present, no common language to describe complexity within engineered systems; this language needs to be developed in order to help industry cope with increasing product complexity and thus meet customer demands. This thesis represents a start in the development of that language, and thus an understanding of systems complexity. The thesis offers a framework for complexity analysis within systems, one which identifies some of the key complexity characteristics that need to be taken into consideration, and which embraces complexity problems, definitions, concepts and classifications, origins and coping mechanisms. It has also has been developed in terms of a measurement approach, thereby allowing for a meaningful comparison between products, and an understanding of the complexities within them. This framework was developed using information collected from academic literature and from more specific case studies. Each complexity characteristic was investigated, and the interactions between characteristics were identified; these interactions allow us to understand complexity and help to develop a common language. The thesis develops a measurement technique that quantifies various complexity characteristics in terms of the framework laid down, thus enabling a quantified understanding of complexity within systems. This new measurement approach was tested on a set of recent case studies, and the complexity characteristics produced by the measurement technique were, in turn, tested against attributes of the system. The framework itself is always evolving - it incorporates new complexity characteristics. Nevertheless, such evolution can only further our understanding of complexity. Further work, to explore and integrate the approach demonstrated in this thesis into an automated tool, and test its robustness, along with a continual development of other elements of the framework, such as a classification of complexity, is recommended.
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Cliffordson, Christina. "Assessing empathy : measurement characteristics and interviewer effects /." Göteborg : Acta Universitatis Gothoburgensis, 2001. http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&doc_number=009363239&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA.
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Wisell, David. "Measurement Techniques for Characterization of Power Amplifiers." Doctoral thesis, Stockholm : KTH School of Electrical Engineering, 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-4566.
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Eccles, Lee H. "PRESSURE BELT FOR WING LOADS MEASUREMENT." International Foundation for Telemetering, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/606396.
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International Telemetering Conference Proceedings / October 22-25, 2001 / Riviera Hotel and Convention Center, Las Vegas, NevadaBoeing Commercial Airplanes has used many methods in the past to measure the structural loads on the wings of its airplanes. The most recent approach is to use arrays of MEMS pressure sensors on the top and bottom surfaces of the wings. By knowing the difference in pressure between the top and bottom of the wings the structural loads on the wings can be calculated. It was decided that in order to build an array of 1100 sensors it would be necessary to condition the sensors and convert the analog output to a digital form at the site of the pressure measurement. This process was taken one step further by converting the output of the A/D converter into engineering units within the sensor module as well. The array is built using a flex circuit card in one foot sections that can be interconnected to form an array of up to 125 sensors. There is a sensor location every two inches on the flex circuit but not all locations are populated. This paper will describe not only the pressure belt but the lessons learned during the development and the implications that these lessons have for smart transducers in general.
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Maenou, Takatoshi, and Masaaki Katayama. "Study on Signal Attenuation Characteristics in Power Line Communications." IEEE, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/2237/7798.
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Eaton, Sharyn. "The technical and physiological characteristics of the vibromyographic signal." Thesis, University of Southampton, 1999. https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/47621/.
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Skeletal muscle contractions emit a low frequency sound (<100Hz) that can be detected by vibromyography (VMG) or mechanomyography (MMG). The aim of this study was to determine the future application of the VMG signal as a clinical tool in reflecting the physiological state or function of muscle during rehabilifation and diagnosis. In order to achieve this aim, the following was investigated. A) The technical characteristics: Three different transducers (the capacitance and piezoelectric accelerometers and the contact sensor) and the transducer/ amplifier system. B) The repeatability of the VMG signal at different force levels. C) Physiological characteristics of the VMG signal comparing 'normal' and 'abnormal' muscle function. Past studies on VMG have revealed that these three areas have received little attention. The VMG signal was taken from the biceps brachii muscle at different contraction levels 10%, 50% and 80% maximum voluntary contraction (MVC) for within day (n=3) and between day (n=17) recordings. The signal from asymptomatic (n=29) and symptomatic (n=23) low back pain subjects was then compared. Recordings were taken from the erector spinae muscle at an incremental increase in voluntary contraction (10%-100%MVC). These recordings were repeated on the next day. Results from this study have revealed the following: A) Technical characteristics : the lower cut-off frequency is important and insufficient attention in past studies has been given to the transducer-amplifier system. Additionally, the capacitance accelerometer was the favoured transducer due to its greater sensitivity to low frequencies, simplicity of use and ease of stabilising and coupling techniques to the skin. B) Repeatability of the VMG signal: For successive recordings, compared with precision (%C.O.V and L.O.A) and reliability (I.C.C), correlation (r value) of the VMG signal appears a much stronger and a more consistent statistic in the time and frequency domains. C) Physiological Characteristics: Although having a high individual variation, the erector spinae demonstrated a strong curvilinear relationship with increasing submaximal voluntary contraction (%MVC) reflecting the recruitment and rate coding strategies for this muscle. The VMG RMS for symptomatic low back pain subjects was considerably less than asymptomatic subjects suggesting a deficiency in muscle function. In contrast, the PSD was less favourable in distinguishing between the two subject groups. Reasons for these findings are discussed. In future, the clinical application of the VMG RMS values may quantitatively assess paraspinal muscle force reflecting physiological changes in recruitment and rate coding strategies in 'normal' and 'abnormal' muscle function during rehabilitative care.
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Wang, Xun [Verfasser]. "Model based signal enhancement for impulse response measurement / Xun Wang." Aachen : Hochschulbibliothek der Rheinisch-Westfälischen Technischen Hochschule Aachen, 2014. http://d-nb.info/1051500605/34.
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Kong, Frederick. "Silicon-on-sapphire MOSFET parameter extraction by small-signal measurement /." [St. Lucia, Qld.], 2002. http://www.library.uq.edu.au/pdfserve.php?image=thesisabs/absthe17051.pdf.
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Lam, Shing-chun Benny, and 林成俊. "Fast signal processing techniques for surface somatosensory evoked potentials measurement." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2003. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B29246404.
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Pusayatanont, Mongkul. "Multiphase flow measurement based on conventional flowmeters using signal analysis." Thesis, University of Sussex, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.400834.
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Choi, Eunhee. "Ultra fine linewidth measurement using optical and signal processing techniques." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.403391.
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Kozmin, Kirill. "Data acquisition and signal conditioning for low power measurement systems /." Luleå : EISLAB, Department of Computer Sience and Electrical Engineering, Luleå University of Technology, 2008. http://epubl.ltu.se/1402-1544/2008/42/.
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Thomas, Andrew Mark. "Measurement of electromagnetic signal velocities in saturated fine-grained soils." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2010. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/877/.
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Electromagnetic signal velocity measurements are common in soil disciplines, often involving Time-Domain Reflectometry. However, Time-Domain Reflectometry measurements are of limited use where velocity is frequency dependent, such as in finegrained soils. Therefore, Quarter-Wavelength Analysis was developed for measurements of velocities in fine-grained soils. The developed measurement cell was used to undertake velocity measurements in parallel with geotechnical index tests, in order to develop cross-disciplinary relationships. It was found that relationships exist between velocities and geotechnical properties, both for a wide range of soils at their Liquid Limits and for two fine-grained soils over their full saturated water content ranges. Also, it was found that Atterberg Limits can be used to define water content ranges over which different mixing models are required to relate velocity and water content. This led to initial development of mixing models specifically for the saturated state to allow more accurate use of laboratory velocity measurements in determining fine-grained soil water contents. Furthermore, it was found that variations in velocities between low and high frequencies relate to linear shrinkage. These relationships have wide-ranging uses in engineering, including rapid index testing, geo-hazard monitoring, improved electromagnetic field surveys, and researching the properties of soil porewater.
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Nagashima, Yoshihiro. "Digital signal processing techniques for the measurement of ocular counterrolling." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/83657.
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Thesis (M.S.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 1985.Microfiche copy available in Archives and Barker.
Vita.
Includes bibliographical references.
by Yoshihiro Nagashima.
M.S.
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Youngseo, Ko. "Multi-Harmonic Broadband Measurement with an Large-Signal Network Analyzer." The Ohio State University, 2010. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1268237958.
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Berberkic, Sanjin. "Measurement of small signal variations using one-dimensional chaotic maps." Thesis, University of Huddersfield, 2014. http://eprints.hud.ac.uk/id/eprint/23737/.
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A novel electronic signal Measurement System (MS) based on one-dimensional chaotic maps (Logistic Map (LM) and Tent Map (TM)) has been developed, analysed and tested. Firstly, an in-depth theoretical analysis of each map was performed using MATLAB based computation, and the results demonstrated that the high sensitivity, to initial conditions, of each map was suitable for small signal change detection and measurement. A new 3D representation of chaos map output for varying initial input was also developed allowing the suitability of any one-dimensional chaotic map to be determined. An electronic implementation of the chaotic maps, using low noise and low cost components was developed along with a feedback and a series based MS. The implementations were tested and the experimental results demonstrate a matching within ±1 %, between theory and the electronic implementations, both maps exhibiting behaviour identical to the theoretical maps, ranging from fixed point stability, periodicity and chaos. Each map implementation was tested separately and as part of a complete MS and the results reveal that the proposed measurement technique can detect and measure input signals changes as low as 5 over a 10 V input range, which yields a greater resolution than a MS using an 20 bit Analogue to Digital Converter (ADC) over the same input range. The main advantage of the presented MS is that the accuracy of the measurement is independent of the input range which is not the case with classical approach to measurement based on conditioning circuitry followed by an ADC as the minimum detectable change is directly proportional to the input range.
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Cai, Ji-Yuan. "Measurement of induction motor speed from induced slip frequency signal." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/26219.
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A method to detect the slip of a three-phase or single-phase induction motor and hence determine the motor speed is proposed. A pick-up coil is placed in close proximity to the motor and by suitable amplification and filtering of the weak slip frequency signal, the slip frequency signal component is isolated for the speed measurement. No device needs to be attached to the motor shaft.
Experimental results from four test induction motors show that the proposed method of speed measurement is fully feasible and applies to normal loads, i.e., for slip less than 13% with considerable accuracy. Therefore, even the speed of sealed induction motor such as those used in refrigerators can be easily measured.Applied Science, Faculty of
Electrical and Computer Engineering, Department of
Graduate
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Johansson, Peter. "Plant Condition Measurement from Spectral Reflectance Data." Thesis, Linköping University, Computer Vision, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-59286.
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The thesis presents an investigation of the potential of measuring plant condition from hyperspectral reflectance data. To do this, some linear methods for embedding the high dimensional hyperspectral data and to perform regression to a plant condition space have been compared. A preprocessing step that aims at normalized illumination intensity in the hyperspectral images has been conducted and some different methods for this purpose have also been compared.A large scale experiment has been conducted where tobacco plants have been grown and treated differently with respect to watering and nutrition. The treatment of the plants has served as ground truth for the plant condition. Four sets of plants have been grown one week apart and the plants have been measured at different ages up to the age of about five weeks. The thesis concludes that there is a relationship between plant treatment and their leaves' spectral reflectance, but the treatment has to be somewhat extreme for enabling a useful treatment approximation from the spectrum. CCA has been the proposed method for calculation of the hyperspectral basis that is used to embed the hyperspectral data to the plant condition (treatment) space. A preprocessing method that uses a weighted normalization of the spectrums for illumination intensity normalization is concluded to be the most powerful of the compared methods.
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Epstein, Dana Robin. "Measurement of subjective sleep characteristics of adult insomniacs." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/276720.
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This study had two purposes: (1) to examine the reliability and validity of the Verran and Snyder-Halpern (VSH) Sleep Scale in measuring the subjective sleep characteristics of nonhospitalized adult insomniacs, and (2) to explore the 16 characteristics of sleep quality examined by the scale as they relate to insomnia. In addition, a comparison of previously established norms in a healthy group of sleepers was made with the insomniac sample. The study utilized a descriptive design. The sample consisted of 33 adult insomniacs. Each participant completed the scale on three consecutive routine or workday mornings. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used to evaluate the data. The VSH Sleep Scale evidenced adequate reliability and construct validity. Significant differences existed between the insomniacs and the healthy group on all but one sleep characteristic. The factors specified in the VSH Sleep Scale taxonomy remained essentially the same in the insomniac sample.
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Boyes, Stephen J. "Reverberation chambers and the measurement of antenna characteristics." Thesis, University of Liverpool, 2013. http://livrepository.liverpool.ac.uk/11481/.
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Over the past ten years, Reverberation Chambers (RC) have emerged as a promising facility for the measurement of antenna characteristics for the wireless communications industry. The RC has begun to diverge from its initial purpose of performing Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC) measurements, as conceived by H. A. Mendes back in 1968. Unlike the Anechoic Chamber (AC) however, the RC facility and measurement protocols are relatively in their infancy whose standardisation is yet to be finalised. The purpose of this thesis is to present a further study into reverberation chambers and their associated measurement procedures, aimed at smoothing the transition into a fully standardised and accepted facility within the measurement industry. This thesis is comprised of three main investigation areas. The first area under investigation concerns single port textile antennas designed for use in the on-body communications role. The purpose of this investigation is twofold: (1) to chart the efficiency and impedance matching performance of the antennas in both free space and on-body roles to completely characterise their performance, and (2) to devise and configure operational procedures for the measurement of antenna characteristics on human subjects using the RC. Two separate varieties of textile antenna are subject to investigation; the first consists of two antennas with an equally small ground plane designed for use in the Industrial Scientific and Medical (ISM) 2.45 GHz band. The second variety also consists of two separate antennas that have a larger ground plane size and are designed to offer a dual band characteristic; to operate at 2.45 GHz and 5.2 GHz respectively. The results for the smaller ground plane sized antennas show that in free space conditions, the textile antenna constructed from the higher conductivity textile material exhibits a greater level of efficiency which is expected. However, when placed on-body, the antenna with the lower conductivity textile material remarkably outperforms the antenna with the higher conductivity material which is contrary to expectations; this represents new and important knowledge. The results for the larger ground plane sized textile antennas conform completely to expectations. That is, the higher conductivity material outperformed the lower conductivity material in both free space and on-body roles. Comparing both cases, further new knowledge can be concluded in the fact that in addition to the conductivity of the textile material, the ground plane dimensions is also of crucial importance. The second area under investigation concerns multiport (array) antennas. This area is sub-divided into two sections to chart a distinction between multiport antennas designed for Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) applications and more conventional array antennas that are not. The first section concerns the complete practical verification of two new dual feed Planar Inverted F Antennas (PIFAs). Results show that both antennas yield a high level of diversity gain and channel capacity (close to the theoretical maximums) and very low correlation between the two feeds despite the antennas small size. Furthermore, the antennas are also proved to be highly efficient at the desired frequency of operation. Comparing all performance results, it is possible to conclude that due to the small size and excellent performance of the new designs, they could be useful in more practical and commercial applications than larger sized elements that currently exist. The second section focuses upon more conventional larger sized array antennas used for radio astronomy applications. In this thesis, a series of power dividers is used to emulate a realistic ‘all - excited’ scenario, but the power divider approach has a consequence in that it will give rise to an external power loss that is not attributed to the antenna array. A new equation is developed in this work that allows for the accurate efficiency determination of the array and the de-embedding of the power divider in one. It is shown that the new equation can make this whole process simpler and straightforward to accomplish whilst maintaining accuracy. The final area under investigation concerns the design of reverberation chambers. The most common of the mode stirring techniques used in reverberation chambers is via the rotation or movement of electrically large metallic paddles inside the chamber known as ‘Mechanical Stirring’. In this thesis, a technique based upon a meanderline principle is used to cut slots into the mechanical stirring paddles to increase the current path length (induced when a wave hits the metallic surface) and thereby increase the electrical size of the paddle. New paddle designs for reverberation chambers are designed and verified. It is shown that the overall paddle dimensions do not need to be increased in size, meaning that the working volume of the chamber can remain as large as possible. The results show that the new designs exhibit enhanced performance over and above conventional paddle designs at lower modal numbers, meaning that any chamber will be able to better perform at frequencies where fewer modes exist. Results also show that at higher frequencies, the slot cuts do not adversely affect the chambers higher frequency performance. This work therefore has the potential to forge a new way of thinking when it comes to the design of mechanical stirrers in RC’s.
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Ranefjärd, Simon. "Matched Filters for Direct-Detection LiDAR in Non-Perpendicular Measurement Scenes." Thesis, Luleå tekniska universitet, Institutionen för system- och rymdteknik, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-77204.
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The ongoing development of Advanced Driver Assistance Systems (ADAS) and autonomous vehicles pushes the requirements of accurate measurements from several on-board sensors, one of which being the Light Detection And Ranging (LiDAR). The performance of the LiDAR measurements relies partially on the reflectivity of the target, the level of background noise and the angle of incidence to the measurement scene. This thesis investigates if the temporal pulse shape due to non-perpendicular measurement scenes can be used to construct matched filters and how these filters affects the performance of the direct-detection LiDAR measurements. The temporal pulse shape was obtained by creating a simulation environment which replicates different measurement scenes by simulating the propagation of a laser pulse. The geometry of the measurement scene was derived from the radiometric concept of foreshortened area and the stochastic nature of the laser pulse was implemented using a Poisson process. Different matched filters were constructed by averaging the detected temporal pulse shape for different angles. The validity of the simulated temporal pulse shape was evaluated against real LiDAR measurements. The performance of the filters was evaluated both in terms of signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and the receiver operating characteristics (ROC). It was found that the general behavior of the temporal pulse shape were similar for the simulated and the real LiDAR data. Some improvements and a more accurate model of the detector is probably necessary in order to improve the accuracy of the simulation environment. It was also found that all of the created matched filters increased both the SNR and the ROC in relation to not filtering at all. Further, it was found that for angles > 87° the correctly matched filter gave the best improvement.
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Wheelock, Richard J. "Measurement of angular spread of signals in SWellEx-96 using multitaper array processing." Fairfax, VA : George Mason University, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1920/3236.
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Thesis (M.S.)--George Mason University, 2008.Vita: p. 77. Thesis director: Kathleen E. Wage. Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science in Electrical Engineering. Title from PDF t.p. (viewed Aug. 28, 2008). Includes bibliographical references (p. 76). Also issued in print.
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Everett, M. S. "The temporal and spectral characteristics of recorded music." Thesis, Coventry University, 1988. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.382924.
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Ranade, Jaydeep. "Electronic Signal Processing in an Optical Fiber-Based Magnetometer." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/36978.
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Conventional Extrinsic Fabry-Perot Interferometric (EFPI) sensors have been used to measure a variety of physical parameters like temperature, pressure and strain. A modified version of this geometry is successfully implemented to measure low-level magnetic field densities. A complete optical fiber based magnetometer system consisting of sensor head, laser source, opto-electronics, signal demodulation circuitry and display is designed, fabricated and tested. Various electronic signal demodulation schemes are discussed. The Quadrature Phase Shifted EFPI signal demodulation scheme, used in the system, is studied in detail. The scheme is designed and implemented in both analog and digital domain and the advantages and drawbacks of each type are presented. Primary limitations in the measurement of extremely low-level magnetic field densities are discussed and methods to overcome them using electronic signal processing schemes are suggested for future consideration.Master of Science
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Taillefer, Chris. "Reducing measurement uncertainty in a DSP-based mixed-signal test environment." Thesis, McGill University, 2003. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=84104.
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FFT-based tests (e.g. gain, distortion, SNR, etc.) from a device-under-test (DUT) exhibit normal distributions when the measurement is repeated many times. Hence, a statistical approach to evaluate the accuracy of these measurements is traditionally applied. The noise in a DSP-based mixed-signal test system severely limits its measurement accuracy. Moreover, in high-speed sampled-channel applications the jitter-induced noise from the DUT and test equipment can severely impede accurate measurements.A new digitizer architecture and post-processing methodology is proposed to increase the measurement accuracy of the DUT and the test equipment. An optimal digitizer design is presented which removes any measurement bias due to noise and greatly improves measurement repeatability. Most importantly, the presented system improves accuracy in the same test time as any conventional test.
An integrated mixed-signal test core was implemented in TSMC's 0.18 mum mixed-signal process. Experimental results obtained from the mixed-signal integrated test core validate the proposed digitizer architecture and post processing technique. Bias errors were successfully removed and measurement variance was improved by a factor of 5.
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Murphy, Charuwan. "Signal processing of Doppler ultrasound for the measurement of blood flow." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1988. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.386872.
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Zeh, Thomas [Verfasser]. "Optical Fiber Bragg Sensors : Measurement Systems and Signal Processing / Thomas Zeh." Aachen : Shaker, 2005. http://d-nb.info/1186577126/34.
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WANG, WEN-TONG, and 王文通. "C-V characteristics measured by real time dynamic large signal C-V measurement system." Thesis, 1989. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/28165303581428229364.
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Fang, Shih-Wei, and 方世維. "The Application of Mode-Locking for a Fiber Bragg Grating Signal Interrogation and its Measurement Characteristics." Thesis, 2015. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/45264973351468634232.
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碩士國立高雄大學
電機工程學系碩士班
103
We demonstrated the fiber Bragg grating signal interrogation system by using mode-locked fiber ring laser structure to enhance the performance for fiber Bragg grating sensing and form a ring resonator. Using mode-locked system produces pulsed light as a signal source, which can generate the high peak intensity of the ultra short pulse in the fiber grating interrogation system. Fiber Bragg grating signal interrogation would enhance signal intensity, and also can improve the distance of the measurement and reduce noise level In addition, a fiber Bragg grating sensor mounted on a vibration actuator which is fixed on the speaker and used to measure the vibration of the actuator. Real time signal transformed to a frequency domain signals by using fast Fourier transform, this can effectively enhance the accuracy of low-frequency vibration measurement, and enhance the performance of the sensing.
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Yeh, Shang-wei, and 葉上維. "The Study of Circular Fiber Bragg Grating Interrogation System by Fiber Ring Laser Mode-locked signal and its Measurement Characteristics." Thesis, 2012. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/44895370323596554080.
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碩士國立高雄大學
電機工程學系碩士班
100
We demonstrated the fiber Bragg grating interrogation system, which presents the measurements of a strain variation in time domain and frequency domain. But we want to improve the distance of the measurement by adding the mode-locked system, which modulated by the eletro-optic modulator can generate the high peak intensity of the ultra short pulse. This paper will demonstrate the new structure of the circular fiber Bragg grating interrogation system by fiber ring laser mode-locked signal. And we will show the advantage of the new system by the measurement of the frequency domain.
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Lin, Ta-Hsiang, and 林大翔. "Video Based Physiology Signal Measurement." Thesis, 2017. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/8bpgz2.
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碩士國立交通大學
生醫工程研究所
105
In most cases, heart rate is an important indicator of the physiology condition. By measuring this parameter, we can understand the activity of the target. In the past study, people developed a video-based heart rate measurement method. The theory of this method is that when heart is active, blood vessels will expand and contract, resulting in skin color varies slightly with blood circulation. This variation, while invisible to the naked eye, can be exploited to extract pulse rate. This heart rate measurement method without using needle electrode will allow the patients to feel comfortable in the process. In order to test the possibility of this measurement method for higher heart rate frequency and tracking changes in heart rate, this study will be applied to the rats and human target. In the study, we measured the heart rate in the steady state of the human as well as the rats in the anesthesia. In the experiment of tracking the change of heart rate, we let the human subjects rest after the indoor exercising, so that the heart rate would rise and then fall during the procedure. In the mouse experiment, we used the two drugs (methylatropine vagal blocker and propranolol beta blocker) that affected the heart rate were tested separately. In the method of estimating the heart rate, different color signals were applied moving average and bandpass to filter out the noise. Then we estimate the heart rate of the processed signal. At last, we compared the actual electrocardiogram and estimation result and calculated the error and attempted to find the source. The experimental results performed better in steady state experiments. The average error of human steady heart rate detection is less than 2%. It means that when heart rate is 60bpm, only one or two peaks might be over or under estimated. The average error of rat steady heart rate detection is about 3.5%. After adjusting the moving average and peak detection method, we were able to decrease the error to 2.37%. In the heart rate change experiment, we have a more accurate result of short time (5 seconds to 10 seconds) heart rate. However, it is unlikely to estimate the each heartbeat ta exact time. Finally, this study provides a simpler and more convenient way to track heart rate changes in human or rats than ECG. In addition, this method will able to be applied in wearable device or rat experiment.
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Chu, Chia-hui, and 朱家輝. "Modal Sensor Measurement and Signal Process." Thesis, 2002. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/70743063396414728791.
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碩士國立臺灣大學
機械工程學研究所
90
This study is about a modal sensor design, using piezoelectric plate electrodes shape design to measure specific mode signal and filter off other modes signal. We analyze the mode shapes of the structure without the piezoelectric laminate and the electrodes. While using the mode shapes to design the electrodes figures, adding piezoelectric laminate and electrodes might change the mode shapes, then make the electrodes figures design did not reach the modal sensor devise. In this case, we need to continuously make the recursion, to make sure the devise of the electrodes shapes will be the devise of the original devise, but this cause time and might be unworkable. In this study, we development a new devise way, we can consider the electric boundary effect of piezoelectric plate and electrodes during analysis, so we don't need to use recursion to reach devise request. To proof this devise workable, we use MEMS process and PZT sol-gel process to produce the test specimens, applies shaker or system inner excites to put in use test specimens, use a transimpendance circuit to convert current-signal into voltage-signal then input the signal into frequency spectrum analyzer to see if it can reach the modal sensor.
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Huang, Yen-Ming, and 黃彥銘. "Signal Processing for Blood Pressure Measurement." Thesis, 2015. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/39782989563216291606.
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碩士國立臺灣大學
電子工程學研究所
103
Blood pressure (BP) is one of the most important signs of human cardiovascular health. The precision measurement of the blood pressure is necessary in diagnosis and treatment of hypertension and the risks related blood pressure. While the traditional auscultatory method using mercury sphygmomanometer is still viewed as the most accurate non-invasive blood pressure measurement method, it is complicated and only suitable for medical personnel. Currently, self-blood pressure monitoring devices are popular in the market and widely used in homecare. Most of those devices are based on the oscillometric method, as it requires less professional training and is less sensitive to external noise. However, most of these work well on young healthy subjects, but show less precision in some cases such as older people. Most of the devices in the market can only provide single time BP value, it’s unable to see the continuous change in BP. However, by continuous way, we can get more physiological information than traditional non-continuous measurement. As a result, a novel blood pressure sensor and signal processing algorithm for removing noise have been developed in this study. It can accurately determine blood pressure non-invasively for all age group. The effective signal processing is based on Ensemble Empirical Mode Decomposition (EEMD) method to remove the noise from the sensor. Due to the non-stationary characteristics of BP, EEMD is practical to achieve accurate decomposition. The signal can be decomposed into several Intrinsic Mode Functions (IMFs) by EEMD. The results suggest that that the proposed EEMD can indeed effective separate the pure BP from the sensor output.
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Cheng, Yi-Ren, and 鄭貽仁. "Analog signal measurement with on-chip ADC." Thesis, 1997. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/52018237602013553279.
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Liu, Kun-fu, and 劉坤賦. "Measurement and Analysis of GPS Signal Quality." Thesis, 2007. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/62589282527124296655.
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碩士國立臺灣科技大學
電子工程系
95
With the rapid development and maturity in technology, Global Positioning System (GPS) has been widely used in navigation and positioning systems. One issue in GPS positioning is the lack of positioning accuracy information and people may use the GPS fix without any idea of its quality. In this thesis, the standard GPS NMEA output format is being used to determine the accuracy of the positioning and the information can then be provided to other applications or users. The Speed over Ground (SOG) and Course over Ground (COG) measured by the GPS are compared with the outputs from an accelerometer and a compass respectively. Based on the compared results, the characteristics of the GPS under the influence of the shadowing and multi-path effects of the environment are investigated. Four most important factors, including the average C/No values of the satellites with an elevation angle which is more than 40 degrees, the stability of SOG, the centripetal acceleration derived from COG and Position Dilution of Precision (PDOP) can be used to describe the GPS characteristics in these environments. Finally, a Fuzzy Logic based algorithm is proposed to determine the reliability and quality of the GPS fixes.
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WU, YEN-CHING, and 吳燕青. "ECG and PPG signal measurement device miniaturization." Thesis, 2017. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/g675q5.
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碩士明志科技大學
電子工程系碩士班
106
As the Taiwanese population is rapidly aging, people become increasingly conscious about their personal health and home health management. Thus, the demand for home health measurement devices is increasing day by day. It is common to see physical measurement devices such as blood pressure gauge or electrocardiograph that are not convenient for portable use, which make us unable to pay more attention to assessing our physical and health condition freely at any time. The study aimed to explore the idea of cutting the electrical circuit and reducing the size of the health measurement device thus making it into a portable one, and equipping it with other features such as non-invasiveness and security. Besides, the author expects that the miniature physical measurement device could provide a simple reference for the user on his/her physical health condition. Keywords: Health Management, Physical Measurement, Miniature Devices
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Shih, Hsueh-Ching, and 施學兢. "Metrology and Signal Processing Algorithm of Magnetic Readback Signal for Clearance Measurement." Thesis, 2000. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/56976336375938517311.
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碩士國立臺灣大學
應用力學研究所
88
The main purpose of this thesis is to develop a system that is able to measure head-disk spacing with precision down the nanometer range. This newly developed system was named by using an acronym MAG-NUS (MAGnetic Nano-meter Universal measurement System). Wal-lace spacing loss theory was the underlying theory used to develop the head-disk clearance measurement capabilities in MAGNUS. The full system design and the signal interpretation methodologies were derived by using the Wallace spacing loss theory and were shown to be able to be realized by using the lock-in amplifiers. In addition, the signal ac-quisition and processing schemes that enable the various capabilities of MAGNUS were discussed in detail. Unlike many of today’s high precision metrology systems such as Doppler interferometers or white light interferometers, MAGNUS were shown to be able to measure the many parameters related to HDI after the hard disk drives (HDDs) have been assembled, i.e., the measurement can be done with the HDDs closed or in operation condition. As to-day’s HDDs has head-disk clearance in the range of 20 nanometers, MAGNUS thus were shown to have many impacts on the research of Head Disk Interface (HDI) problems for today’s high areal density HDDs. Realization of the theoretical derivations of MAGNUS was pre-sented in detail. Comparing the head-disk clearance obtaining from MAGNUS and a laser Doppler interferometer named AVID established the credibility and verified the accuracy and precision of this newly de-veloped system. Some approaches that can enhance the applicability of MAGNUS for true HDD’s operating environment by applying the cur-rent personal computer based technologies were also detailed. In summary, an innovative magnetic signal based metrology system that can measure almost all of the relevant parameters related to the HDI problems of today’s HDDs were developed and presented in this work.
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Hung, Kuai-Shiang, and 洪楷翔. "Rotor Radial Displacement Measurement Using Signal Injection Method." Thesis, 2011. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/46874706868566070098.
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碩士國立臺北科技大學
電力電子產業研發碩士專班
100
The measuring of rotor displacement in a Magnetic suspension system is obtained by collecting information of rotor radial displacement by radial position sensors. However, many kinds of special environments make it difficult to install these types of position sensors, such as artificial hearts or small-size systems which have limited space. Furthermore, most displacement sensors are easily affected and damaged by the surrounding temperature and humidity. Based on the above, we developed a signal injection method to detect the radial position of magnetic rotors. This signal injection method reduces system costs and size. When the control of precision does not require high standards, or the system situation is unable to install sensor devices, the method may become even more broadly applied. The purpose of this study is to explore the measuring of radial displacement for magnetic rotors sensorless devices, signal processing and sensor system improvement. By using theoretical analysis as basis, the study further discussed the system’s current-induction relation with changes of the rotor gap and proposed the concept of detecting rotor radial displacement by the signal injection method. Experiments were then conducted to verify the performance of the system.
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HUNG, YAN-TING, and 洪彥廷. "Research on Sound Signal Measurement Based on DSP." Thesis, 2007. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/57818245858406866667.
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碩士正修科技大學
機電工程研究所
95
As the appliance of high-tech become extensively, the work division change into more sophisticated, and the require of the system become more and more strict, thus high performance chips developed and advanced rapidly. Therefore the DSP chips to sort and analysis the data gradually apply on various equipments and instruments development. In this study, we consider the TMS320F240 system, utilize microphone to measure the vibration signal, and try to avoid the noise, read the signal then use the software “Mathmatica” to analyze, calculate and identify it, finally we design a brief equipment to make sound signal, also confirm the outcome by the hardware and operation systems we developed. The results match what we expected.
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Lin, Ting-Wei, and 林庭偉. "Indoor WiMAX RoF Modulization and Signal Quality Measurement." Thesis, 2011. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/ywt7wt.
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碩士國立臺灣科技大學
電子工程系
99
In this thesis, the use of radio-over-fiber (RoF) module to extend the coverage of mobile networks is investigated. In order to explore the characteristics of applying the RoF technology in buildings, we developed RoF modules and analyze the interference among different channels and the maximal span that RoF module can cover. The point-to-multipoint transmission of RoF signals can be implemented is two ways : electrical splitting and optical splitting. Based on the measured EVM values, the use of RoF modules can expand the coverage of RoF signals. The measured results for 64-QAM signals show that the use of two RAUs can provide good signal coverage when the two RAUs are spaced by 14 m and 12 m for electrical splitting and optical splitting case, respectively. The RoF module is used to transmit WiMAX signals by using dongles to transmit 2 Mbps uplink data and 4 Mbps downlink data. Under the architecture of electrical splitting and optical splitting, the downlink data rate of 2 Mbps can be achieved when the two RAUs are spaced by 16 m and uplink data rate of 1.8 Mbps can be achieved when the two RAUs are spaced by 20 m. Moreover, from the measured CINR, RSSI, and throughput parameters of WiMAX signals, the transmission data rate depends strongly on the received power and the signal power provided by the dongles.
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YOU, CHI-SHUN, and 尤志舜. "Quality Measurement and Analysis of Wireless Telecommunication Signal." Thesis, 2017. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/724897.
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碩士國立高雄第一科技大學
電腦與通訊工程系碩士班
105
In this thesis a set of cellular-phone-based application program, as a measurement tool, is developed to analyze signal quality of mobile data transmission. The measured signal data are analyzed and could be employed to improve and optimize the base station configuration. Because the progress and popularize of wireless communication technology, the applications of wireless communication technology in life have been rapidly developed. Especially the development of 3G/UMTS and 4G/LTE high-speed access technology enables the use of wireless data networks become more convenient. However, the users experience a big gap of quality performance, in the application level, to the default performance of wireless networks. This is because the construction of the cellular system cannot achieve the perfect configuration, and this issue becomes a variety of wireless carriers who are very much hope to improve. They continue to invest a lot of resources in the measurement, review and improvement of signal quality. Due to the industry's strong demand for effective maintenance of signal quality, in this paper, based on the wireless data signal measurement methods and data access technology, effective measurement tools are developed and constructed to analyze the measured signals. In addition, the signal measurement points set a lot of possibilities, so it will produce a lot of data in the dynamic measurement. The generated data will be saved in the form of data warehouse. In this thesis, using of Android Studio software, measurement application tools are developed based on mobile phones. Android Studio software has features such as "Gradle" build tools, edit pages and live previews. As compared to Eclipse, which is a commonly software to develop Android phone apps, Android Studio software has advantages in the boot speed, response speed, and the accessing time of memory. In addition, Android Studio software has a shorter development time and can achieve the benefits of rapid implementation of the application programs. Here, the application programs can analyze the collected data that are transmitted back to the database, with a simple approach based on telecommunication theory, to compare and analyze the online services provided by different wireless carriers. This program can help users to understand the merits of signal quality provided by their wireless carriers. However, quality of mobile phone can also affect the quality of the received signal, but due to limitation in fund, this thesis does not compare the signal quality for different mobile phones.