Relevant bibliographies by topics / Measure of conflict settlement

Academic literature on the topic 'Measure of conflict settlement'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 30 May 2022
Last updated: 31 May 2022

Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles

Select a source type:

Contents

Consult the lists of relevant articles, books, theses, conference reports, and other scholarly sources on the topic 'Measure of conflict settlement.'

Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.

You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.

Journal articles on the topic "Measure of conflict settlement"

1

Dao, Manh, An Nguyen, The Nguyen, Ha Pham, Dinh Nguyen, Quoc Tran, Huong Dao, Duyen Nguyen, Huong Dang, and Luc Hens. "A Hybrid Approach Using Fuzzy AHP-TOPSIS Assessing Environmental Conflicts in the Titan Mining Industry along Central Coast Vietnam." Applied Sciences 9, no. 14 (July 22, 2019): 2930. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app9142930.

Full text
Abstract:
Environmental conflict management gains significance in rational use of natural resources, ecosystem preservation and environmental planning for mineral mines. In Central Coast Vietnam, titan mines are subject to conflicting use and management decisions. The paper deals with an empirical research on applying a combination of the fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) and the fuzzy Technique for Order of Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) to measure environmental conflicts emerging as a result of titan mining in Vietnam. The methodology used in the paper combines the fuzzy AHP and the fuzzy TOPSIS to rank environmental conflicts and propose conflict prevention solutions in the titan mining industry of Ky Khang coastal commune (Ky Anh district, Central Coast Vietnam). Data was collected by using a questionnaire with 15 locals, 8 communal authorities, 2 district authorities, and 12 scientific experts on titan mining, environmental geology, and sustainability management. The result shows that, titan mining conflicts with the eight criteria of economic sectors at five alternative sites including beach, protected forest, agricultural area, settlement area, and industrial area. The conflicts between titan mining and forestry, agriculture, settlements, fishing and aquaculture are highly valued. The beach area shows most environmental conflict as a result of titan mining, followed by the agricultural area and settlement area. Based on the empirical findings, legal and procedural tools such as environmental impact assessments, strategic environmental assessments, integrated coastal zone management, marine spatial planning, and multi-planning integration advancing environmental management for titan mines in Vietnam are suggested.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
2

Naryshkin, Kirill Valer'evich. "Relevant problems of the settlement of conflict of interests in the department of internal affairs of the Russian Federation." Административное и муниципальное право, no. 2 (February 2020): 53–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.7256/2454-0595.2020.2.31904.

Full text
Abstract:
The subject of this research is the normative legal support of the process of settlement of conflict of interest in the department of internal affairs of the Russian Federation, with consideration of various views of researchers upon the problem of correlation of categories such as “conflict of interests”, “corruption”, “personal interest”, “settlement of conflict of interests”. Special attention is given to the mechanism of settlement of conflict of interests in anti-corruption legislation, as well as prospects for improvement of legal regulation in this area. The goal of this work is to attract attention of the scientific community to the relevant problems of settlement of conflict of interests in the service of the department of internal affairs of the Russian Federation. The methodological framework includes general scientific methods, particularly dialectic and systemic, as well as private scientific methods such as formal-legal, comparative-legal, and content analysis. The scientific novelty of this research consists in an original proposal for changes to the mechanism of the settlement of conflict of interests in the service of the department of internal affairs by introducing specific procedural measures that would contribute to its effective resolution, which in turn would allow eliminating a number of gaps within the content of the issues of not only direct settlement of the conflict, but also prevention of pre-conflict situation.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
3

Owsiak, Andrew P., Paul F. Diehl, and Gary Goertz. "Border settlement and the movement toward and from negative peace." Conflict Management and Peace Science 34, no. 2 (July 8, 2016): 176–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0738894216650420.

Full text
Abstract:
How does border settlement—that is, the management of salient territorial conflict—affect the prospects for negative peace? Using recently released data on dyadic interstate relationships during the period 1946–2001, we build on territorial peace research to argue, predict, and find three connections between border settlement and negative peace. More specifically, border settlement: (a) increases the likelihood that a dyad is at negative peace; (b) raises the likelihood that dyads transition from rivalry to negative peace relationships; and (c) consolidates negative peace—by impeding transitions toward rivalry relationships. We confirm each of these findings with a commonly used measure of border settlement, as well as an alternative indicator of unsettled borders: civil wars. These findings cumulatively support our argument, demonstrate the importance of studying relationships outside the rivalry context, and suggest that border settlement plays a critical role in the emergence and consolidation of negative peace.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
4

Riezal, Chaerol, Hermanu Joebagio, and Susanto Susanto. "Revitalisasi Kearifan Lokal Aceh: Gagasan Islam dan Budaya dalam Menyelesaikan Konflik di Masyarakat." Millati: Journal of Islamic Studies and Humanities 3, no. 2 (December 15, 2018): 227. http://dx.doi.org/10.18326/mlt.v3i2.227-244.

Full text
Abstract:
This article answers the question of how the form of revitalization of local wisdom in Aceh culture as the capital to resolve conflicts in the community. The important thing that will support this article is how Islamic ideas and Acehnese culture combine into one formulated from within, at least strengthening traditional institutions as the basis for managing Aceh culture is an important discourse to measure indicators of the ongoing settlement of Islamic conflicts. The results indicate that the re-actualization of Aceh culture which had been submerged by the conflict and tsunami, has now been revived especially on the social bases that were lost and even blurred. When there was a conflict in the Acehnese community, the mechanism for resolving conflicts was carried out using the Acehnese cultural approach known as Di’et, Sayam, Suloh, Peusijuek and Peumat Jaroe, involving Aceh traditional institutions at the village level, such as the geuchik (village headman), teungku imum and traditional leaders. This local wisdom in the discourse of the Aceh Government has reached the implementation of policies by making regional regulations through qanun to revitalize Aceh’s local wisdom by reviving some traditional institutions that have not been functioning.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
5

Shevchuk, N. V., and A. A. Sachik. "Germany’s Approaches to the Settlement of Contemporary International Conflicts in the post-Soviet Space." EURASIAN INTEGRATION: economics, law, politics 16, no. 1 (March 29, 2022): 138–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.22394/2073-2929-2022-01-138-146.

Full text
Abstract:
The article analyzes the mediation activity of Germany in the context of the common European approaches to the peaceful settlement of international conflicts.Aim. To identify the importance of German mediation for foreign policy and its impact on the promotion of peace initiatives in the Eurasian space. Compare the current mediation tactics used by Germany today.Tasks. To analyze the foreign policy instruments of the State in question to promote the peaceful settlement of conflicts in regions of political importance to it, including the post-Soviet space.Methods. The paper uses logical and comparative analysis, a method of working with regulatory legal acts.Results. Mediation serves as an important foreign policy tool of the state in question to promote the peaceful settlement of conflicts in regions of political importance to it, such as the post-Soviet space.Conclusion. The authors show the main approaches of the German Federal Government to crisis prevention, which are based on a broad concept of security. The article provides a categorization of the main instruments of Germany’s participation in mediation processes, namely: participation in formal formats of conflict resolution; participation in informal formats of conflict resolution; confidencebuilding measures. Analyzing the experience of Germany’s participation in peace processes in the postSoviet space, the authors come to the conclusion that the state tries to remain in the shadows, playing the role of a mediator in conflicts, while coordinating its actions with other active actors involved in the region.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
6

Bahinskyi, Andrii. "Mechanisms of transitional justice in overcoming the consequences of armed conflict." National Technical University of Ukraine Journal. Political science. Sociology. Law, no. 1(45) (December 14, 2020): 14–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.20535/2308-5053.2020.1(45).226354.

Full text
Abstract:
The article examines transitional justice as a set of post-conflict settlement measures. Today, transitional courts, truth commissions, amnesties, and reparations are transitional justice mechanisms that are widely and relatively effectively used to resolve conflicts around the world. Today, the mechanisms of transitional justice are also being improved to meet the needs of victims of armed conflict. Sociological research confirms that the combination of international and local dimensions of responsibility is an important demand on the part of victims of armed conflict.At the same time, the prosecution of perpetrators of crimes committed during armed conflict in modern conditions concerns individual prosecution, which often goes beyond public prosecution. The state retains the obligation to bring perpetrators of crimes to justice, but this can be done through mechanisms of international law.The practice of post-conflict settlement is due to the fact that not all courts are equally effective in punishing those guilty of crimes and criminal prosecution is not always successful. Formal truth-seeking processes involving the investigation of past violations involve truth commissions. Another important mechanism of transitional justice is the politics of memory. The politics of memory as an element of transitional justice encompasses the work of states with a historical past.The combination of transitional state justice measures with the use of ad-hoc institutions allows for the restoration of justice in the most controversial dimensions of armed conflict. Peace is accelerating in the direction of autonomy and expansion of the mandates of transitional justice institutions, organized memory policy, effective cooperation of national and international institutions to determine their jurisdiction in human rights, sociological research on the needs of victims of armed conflict. Evaluation of the effectiveness of transitional justice mechanisms is possible only if their interconnectedness, interaction with civil society and the state are taken into account.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
7

Popescu, Nicu. "EU and the Eastern Neighbourhood: Reluctant Involvement in Conflict Resolution." European Foreign Affairs Review 14, Issue 4 (November 1, 2009): 457–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.54648/eerr2009034.

Full text
Abstract:
Abstract. The article deals with the European Union (EU) policy toward the post-Soviet secessionist conflicts in Transnistria, Abkhazia, South Ossetia, and Nagorno-arabakh. The article argues that, in order to understand the EU as a crisis management actor, one has to study not just the patterns of EU intervention in conflict resolution and the impact of its actions but also EU decision not to intervene. These have a huge explanatory potential for the understanding of the EU as a foreign policy actor. Thus the article analyses in detail not just what the EU does vis-à-vis the post-Soviet secessionist conflicts but also what it failed to do. It analyses EU decisions to appoint special envoys, send civilian crisis management operations and offer assistance to the conflict zones, but also draws lessons from EU’s refusal to consider the deployment of peacekeepers or the avoidance of conflict resolution strategies, which might upset Russia. The article concludes that EU intervention in conflict resolution is primarily driven by external constraints or opportunities rather than strategic design. When faced with a choice for possible intervention in conflict settlement, the EU tends to opt for the easier, rather than the necessary, foreign policy measures and tends to work around the hard issues of conflict resolution.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
8

Zhang, Xiaolei, Katalien Bollen, and Martin Euwema. "Peacemaking at work and at home." International Journal of Conflict Management 31, no. 5 (April 8, 2020): 801–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijcma-10-2019-0186.

Full text
Abstract:
Purpose The purpose of this paper is to explore the relations between peacemaking at work and peacemaking at home. Peacemaking is defined as voluntarily helping behavior in interpersonal conflict, by a person who has no formal authority over the conflicting parties, acts impartial and works with either one or more parties to solve the conflict constructively (Zhang et al., 2018). Design/methodology/approach In total, 639 participants engaged in a survey to measure their peacemaking behavior at work and at home. First, the peacemaking scale is validated using factor analysis. To test the hypotheses regression analysis is conducted. Findings Results show that peacemaking at work and at home are positively-related. Further, compared to peacemaking at work, people tend to be more often engaged in peacemaking at home; are more focused on settling the issues, provide more emotional support and use more humor, however, are less multi-partial. Research limitations/implications Although based on self-reports, the results regarding the positive relation between peacemaking at work and at home may be enlightening in human resource management such as personnel selection. Originality/value The study provides the first theory-based instrument to measure peacemaking as informal helping behavior in interpersonal conflict, at work and at home. Five components are measured, namely, peacemaking in general, multi-partiality, settlement-oriented, emotion-oriented and humorous peacemaking behaviors.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
9

Shugrina, Ekaterina S., and Roman V. Petukhov. "Monitoring of judicial practice in the field of prevention and settlement of conflicts of interest in the municipal service." Law Enforcement Review 2, no. 1 (April 12, 2018): 141–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.24147/2542-1514.2018.2(1).141-153.

Full text
Abstract:
Subject. The article is devoted to enforcement the rules concerning conflicts of interest in the municipal service.The purpose of the article is to identify approaches to resolution of legal disputes concerning conflict of interest in the municipal service.Methodology. The authors use theoretical analysis as well as legal methods including formal legal analysis and the method of linguistic interpretation of judicial acts.Results, scope of application. The courts examine a different range of issues: the concept of conflict of interest, personal interest; features of admission to service; application of measures of responsibility; dismissal from service (termination of employment or service relations) – during the legal consideration of cases related to the presence and absence of a conflict of interest.The courts apply similar approaches to the conflict of interest in the state and municipal services, despite the fact that state and municipal employees have significant differences in legal status and different legislative acts are applied to each type of service.The Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation has repeatedly resolved the disputes concerning the issues of conflict of interest.Courts of general jurisdiction resolve such cases mostly in the order of action proceedings. However, the courts are also ought to investigate issues related to the conflict of interest when considering disputes arising from public legal relations when challenging normative legal acts. The attempts of local authorities to change the wording, to go beyond the norms established in Federal legislation are the most common violation.Conclusions. Although the legal positions of the Supreme Court concerning conflict of interest are generally quite consistent, courts at other territorial levels may have different positions on such situations. Therefore, we should welcome the preparation by the Supreme Court of the Russian Federation of A review of court practice in 2014-2016 concerning enforcement legislation of the Russian Federation in disputes related to the imposition of disciplinary sanctions for non-compliance with the requirements of anti-corruption legislation.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
10

Larasafitri, Martina Nur, Sutrio Sutrio, and Gunawan Gunawan. "Pengaruh Pendekatan Konflik Kognitif Terhadap Penguasaan Konsep Fisika Peserta Didik." Jurnal Pendidikan Fisika dan Teknologi 4, no. 1 (May 28, 2018): 66. http://dx.doi.org/10.29303/jpft.v4i1.535.

Full text
Abstract:
This research aimed at measure the effect of cognitive conflict approach on the mastery of physics concept of students. Cognitive conflict is an approach consisting of preliminary, conflict, and settlement phases. This quasi-experimental research uses non-equivalent group design. The population of this research was all XI IPA students of SMAN 6 Mataram in academic year 2017/2018. The sample was chosen using cluster random sampling, with XI IPA 1 as experiment class and XI IPA 2 as control class. The instrument used for concept mastery refers to students cognitive abilities (C1, C2, C3, C4, C5, C6). Hypothesis test using t pooled varians. The improvement of concept mastery is determined based on the results of the n-gain test. The results of research indicate the influence of cognitive conflict approach on the mastery of physics concept of students. In addition, the experimental class experienced an increased mastery concept higher than control class. This suggests the cognitive conflict approach applied successfully improves the mastery of the physics concepts of students, especially on sub material nature of material elasticity, Hooke law, and the arrangement of springs.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
More sources

Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Measure of conflict settlement"

1

Зоріна, Альона Юріївна. "Постконфліктне урегулювання збройного протистояння в Боснії та Герцеговині: імплементація досвіду в Україні." Master's thesis, Київ, 2018. https://ela.kpi.ua/handle/123456789/27259.

Full text
Abstract:
Магістерська дисертація присвячена проблемам децентралізаційного процесу в Україні, а саме першому його етапу – процесу об’єднання територіальних громад. Окрема увага приділена питанням загальнонаціональних досліджень громадської думки жителів України з питань об’єднань територіальних громад, оцінці цього процесу. У магістерській дисертації проведено порівняльний аналіз результатів досліджень жителів територіальних громад, які пройшли процес об’єднання та тих, які ще такого процесу не проходили.
The master's dissertation is concerned with the problems of decentralization process in Ukraine, namely its first stage - the process of unification of local communities. Much attention is given to the issues of nationwide public opinion polls of Ukrainian citizens on issues of territorial communities, evaluation of this process. The comparative analysis of results of researches of inhabitants of territorial communities that have passed the process of association and those who have not yet passed such a process was conducted in the master’s dissertation.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
2

Olson, Felicity Jean. "Beyond Conflict Settlement: The Policy of Peacebuilding in the Pacific." Thesis, University of Canterbury. Social and Political Sciences, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/5015.

Full text
Abstract:
Since the end of the Cold War internal conflict has emerged more and more into the foreground of concern in the international arena. It is seemingly more perverse and intractable than traditional interstate conflict, and as a result it is increasingly harder to resolve. Recurrence of internal conflict has been and remains to be a significant issue. Because of the nature of internal conflict and the underlying causes of the violence, the way in which its resolution is approached has a significant impact on the likelihood of success. The theory of peacebuilding, while still in its infancy, is gaining more and attention as a way in which to approach internal conflict and help to establish long-term peace in post-conflict societies. This thesis analyses the theory of peacebuilding and develops a framework based on this research that includes what I believe are the most relevant aspects of the approach. This framework is then applied to three cases; East Timor, Bougainville and the Solomon Islands. The theory is based on the idea of building long-term sustainable peace. This is done by not only improving the security situation in the host state but also working through the underlying causes of the violence and helping to establish sustainable and self-reliant institutions that will help support peace within the state long after the peacebuilders have withdrawn. The main focus of this research is internal conflict in the Pacific region. Conflict in the region, while somewhat insignificant on an international scale, is disproportionate to the small size of the region. The effects of conflict are felt long after the fighting has stopped. The theory of peacebuilding in the Pacific is approached by examining three peacebuilding missions that have been undertaken in the region and analysing the strengths and weaknesses of these cases. From here the overall success of these missions is examined. Ideas about peacebuilding success are then developed and a look at the future of peacebuilding in the region is outlined.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
3

Schulze-Marmeling, Sebastian. "Conflict at work and external dispute settlement : a cross-country comparison." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2013. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/conflict-at-work-and-external-dispute-settlement--a-crosscountry-comparison(f7b7c186-5541-418e-be6a-3bc3b6b311fa).html.

Full text
Abstract:
The focus of both academic and public debate on the expression of work-related conflict has long been focused on strikes. Substantial declines in collective disputes have been associated with more harmonious and less conflict-laden employment relations. This research deals with another, often forgotten form in which conflict is manifested, namely the settlement of individual conflicts through labour courts or employment tribunals. Its aim is to explore and explain differences in application rates to national judicial bodies both across countries and over time. Using a novel database on 23 European Union Member States, it is found that a substantial degree of variance exists; claim rates across Europe differ substantially, and countries have developed along different lines. The explosion of court applications is found to be exceptional, and stability or volatility is identified in the large bulk of EU Member States. In order to explain cross-sectional and time differences, the research draws on wide range of literature, develops a new procedural concept of conflict, and proposes a comparative neo-institutionalist framework accounting for both institutions and actors. The theoretical discussion elaborates three sets of arguments to predict claim incidence. First, it is argued that the existence of comprehensive collective industrial relations institutions, particularly employee workplace representation and collective agreements, tend to reduce the frequency of labour court claims. Second, the amount and complexity of employment regulation is argued to have an impact on the incidence of court applications. Finally, cyclical economic conditions and individual characteristics of the potential grievant are expected to predict the phenomenon. Empirical evidence is presented from a range of different data sources, such as national administrative data and large-scale surveys for three country case studies on France, Germany and the United Kingdom. Findings support that all three sets of explanations contribute to the explanation of the incidence of labour court claims. Moreover, data seem to confirm the need for an interdisciplinary approach drawing on different bodies of literature.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
4

Moyer, Paul Benjamin. "Wild Yankees: Settlement, conflict, and localism along Pennsylvania's northeast frontier, 1760-1820." W&M ScholarWorks, 1999. https://scholarworks.wm.edu/etd/1539623949.

Full text
Abstract:
Pennsylvania's northeast frontier---a region embraced by the upper reaches of the Delaware and Susquehanna Rivers---was the scene of a bitter and, at times, bloody backwoods dispute. Here Yankees (settlers and speculators holding deeds from Connecticut land companies) fought Pennamites (settlers and landlords who claimed land under Pennsylvania) for land and authority. This contest began in the 1760s and lasted till the first decade of the nineteenth century and, for a time, pitted Connecticut against Pennsylvania in a bitter jurisdictional conflict. This study focuses on the dispute after the revolutionary war when the federal government awarded the contested territory to Pennsylvania and when Connecticut claimants, who became known as Wild Yankees, violently resisted the imposition of Pennsylvania's authority and soil rights.;This study explores agrarian unrest in northeast Pennsylvania and adds to existing backcountry scholarship by demonstrating that the revolutionary frontier was not only the scene of a battle over land and authority but also the locus of a struggle over identity and the definition of local culture. It analyzes how frontier expansion, the Revolution, class conflict, and disputes over property intersected with the daily lives of ordinary men and women by examining the small-scale social networks (family, kin, and neighborhood) that delimitated their lives.;This study makes two closely connected arguments. First, it contends that backcountry inhabitants' local lives---the social relationships, economic networks, and sources of authority that operated on a face-to-face level---framed their aspirations as well as their perceptions of the Revolution and social conflict. This parochial world view, or localism, played an important role in shaping frontier expansion and frontier unrest. Second, it argues that localism, though it had always been present in agrarian society, became a paramount ingredient of identity and ideology in the backcountry between the mid-eighteenth and early nineteenth century. Rapid frontier expansion combined with the Revolution to create a distinct parochial world view among settlers that can best be described as revolutionary backcountry localism .
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
5

Wang, Chen. "A NEW SIMULATION-BASED CONFLICT INDICATOR AS A SURROGATE MEASURE OF SAFETY." UKnowledge, 2012. http://uknowledge.uky.edu/ce_etds/3.

Full text
Abstract:
Traffic safety is one of the most essential aspects of transportation engineering. However, most crash prediction models are statistically-based prediction methods, which require significant efforts in crash data collection and may not be applied in particular traffic environments due to the limitation of data sources. Traditional traffic conflict studies are mostly field-based studies depending on manual counting, which is also labor-intensive and oftentimes inaccurate. Nowadays, simulation tools are widely utilized in traffic conflict studies. However, there is not a surrogate indicator that is widely accepted in conflict studies. The primary objective of this research is to develop such a reliable surrogate measure for simulation-based conflict studies. An indicator named Aggregated Crash Propensity Index (ACPI) is proposed to address this void. A Probabilistic model named Crash Propensity Model (CPM) is developed to determine the crash probability of simulated conflicts by introducing probability density functions of reaction time and maximum braking rates. The CPM is able to generate the ACPI for three different conflict types: crossing, rear-end and lane change. A series of comparative and field-based analysis efforts are undertaken to evaluate the accuracy of the proposed metric. Intersections are simulated with the VISSIM micro simulation and the output is processed through SSAM to extract useful conflict data to be used as the entry into CPM model. In the comparative analysis, three studies are conducted to evaluate the safety effect of specific changes in intersection geometry and operations. The comparisons utilize the existing Highway Safety Manual (HSM) processes to determine whether ACPI can identify the same trends as those observed in the HSM. The ACPI outperforms time-to-collision-based indicators and tracks the values suggested by the HSM in terms of identifying the relative safety among various scenarios. In field-based analysis, the Spearman’s rank tests indicate that ACPI is able to identify the relative safety among traffic facilities/treatments. Moreover, ACPI-based prediction models are well fitted, suggesting its potential to be directly link to real crash. All efforts indicate that ACPI is a promising surrogate measure of safety for simulation-based studies.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
6

Madden, Kyla. "Ten troubled years, settlement, conflict and rebellion in Forkhill, County Armagh, 1788-1798." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/tape17/PQDD_0004/MQ28230.pdf.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
7

Murithi, Timothy. "The moral dimension of international dispute settlement : communicative ethics and sub-national conflict resolution mechanisms." Thesis, Keele University, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.267459.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
8

Khan, Eraj, and Khizar Hayat. "GPS based Vehicle Conflict Measurement and Dynamic Slot Allocation." Thesis, Halmstad University, School of Information Science, Computer and Electrical Engineering (IDE), 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hh:diva-654.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
9

Kauffman, Nancy (Nancy L. ). "The Effects of the Conflict Settlement Process on the Expressed Degree of Organizational Commitment." Thesis, University of North Texas, 1989. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc331265/.

Full text
Abstract:
The purpose of this research was to study the effect of the conflict settlement process on the degree of expressed organizational commitment of employees in a collective bargaining setting. The research was done in a basic industry in northern Alabama. The instrument included the Organizational Commitment Questionnaire (OCQ) developed by Mowday, Porter, and Steers. Demographic variables measured were education, age, and sex. Main effects variables were tenure; union membership; and self-described experience with and feeling toward grievance/arbitration as a category 1 grievant, category 2 grievant, witness, and supervisor. Data were analyzed with hierarchical multiple regression. No statistically significant results were found. Limitations included the economic climate of the region and the industrial relations climate of the company.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
10

Al-Soudi, Abdel Mahdi Abdalla. "Conflict in Palestine 1917-1948 : Palestine responses to Zionist settlement in Palestine with particular reference to the attempts to solve the conflict." Thesis, Keele University, 1986. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.280028.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
More sources

Books on the topic "Measure of conflict settlement"

1

Crawford, Dan R. Coping with conflict: A measure of discipleship. Webb City, Mo: Covenant Pub., 2006.

Find full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
2

1956-, Kim Sung Hee, and Rubin Jeffrey Z, eds. Social conflict: Escalation, stalemate, and settlement. 3rd ed. Boston: McGraw-Hill, 2004.

Find full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
3

Z, Rubin Jeffrey, ed. Social conflict: Escalation, stalemate, and settlement. New York: Random House, 1986.

Find full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
4

G, Pruitt Dean, and Kim Sung Hee 1956-, eds. Social conflict: Escalation, stalemate, and settlement. 2nd ed. New York: McGraw-Hill, 1994.

Find full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
5

W, Burton John. Conflict: Practices in management, settlement, and resolution. Houndmills, Basingstoke, Hampshire: Macmillan, 1990.

Find full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
6

W, Burton John. Conflict: Practices in management, settlement, and resolution. New York: St. Martin's Press, 1990.

Find full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
7

Burton, John, and Frank Dukes. Conflict: Practices in Management, Settlement and Resolution. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-21005-3.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
8

Lao, M. H. The unfinished settlement of the Cambodia conflict. Phnom Penh: Khmer Institute of Democracy, 1994.

Find full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
9

Wallensteen, Peter. Understanding conflict resolution. 3rd ed. London: SAGE Publications, 2012.

Find full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
10

Aruti︠u︡n, Khachatri︠a︡n, ed. Karabakh conflict: Variants of settlement : concepts and reality. 3rd ed. Baku: Areat, 2006.

Find full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
More sources

Book chapters on the topic "Measure of conflict settlement"

1

Hirshleifer, Jack. "Conflict and Settlement." In The World of Economics, 117–25. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-21315-3_16.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
2

Hirshleifer, Jack. "Conflict and Settlement." In The New Palgrave Dictionary of Economics, 1–7. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/978-1-349-95121-5_203-1.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
3

Hirshleifer, Jack. "Conflict and Settlement." In Game Theory, 86–94. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-20181-5_6.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
4

Hirshleifer, Jack. "Conflict and Settlement." In The New Palgrave Dictionary of Economics, 2035–42. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/978-1-349-95189-5_203.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
5

Burton, John, and Frank Dukes. "Introduction: Settlement." In Conflict: Practices in Management, Settlement and Resolution, 83–91. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-21005-3_9.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
6

Kirkpatrick, Daniel. "Post-settlement." In Political Expression and Conflict Transformation in Divided Societies, 110–38. 1. | New York: Routledge, 2019. | Series: Routledge studies in peace and conflict: Routledge, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780429323201-6.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
7

Thomas, Fraser. "The Search for a Settlement." In The Arab-Israeli Conflict, 112–50. London: Macmillan Education UK, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/978-1-137-38745-5_5.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
8

Fraser, T. G. "The Search for a Settlement." In The Arab-Israeli Conflict, 111–50. London: Macmillan Education UK, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-24143-9_5.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
9

Burton, John, and Frank Dukes. "Problem-Solving Conflict Resolution." In Conflict: Practices in Management, Settlement and Resolution, 143–51. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-21005-3_17.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
10

Agrell, Per J. "A New Conflict-Based Redundancy Measure." In Lecture Notes in Economics and Mathematical Systems, 272–82. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-45772-2_23.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Conference papers on the topic "Measure of conflict settlement"

1

Fu, Yaowen, Wei Yang, Yuping Jia, and T. Kirubarajan. "A generalized evidence conflict measure." In SPIE Defense, Security, and Sensing, edited by Ivan Kadar. SPIE, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.851516.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
2

Giordano, Raffaele. "A fuzzy conflict measure for conflict dissolution in drought management." In 2010 IEEE International Conference on Computational Intelligence for Measurement Systems and Applications (CIMSA). IEEE, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/cimsa.2010.5611765.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
3

Liu, Baojie, Qingwen Yang, Xiang Wu, Yujuan Guo, and Shidong Fang. "An Efficient Method to Measure Evidence Conflict." In 2017 2nd International Conference on Control, Automation and Artificial Intelligence (CAAI 2017). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/caai-17.2017.109.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
4

Soerjatisnanta, Hieronymus, Fransiscus Sumarja, and Ricco Andreas. "Conflict Settlement in the Register Forest Areas of Lampung Province." In Proceedings of The International Conference on Environmental and Technology of Law, Business and Education on Post Covid 19, ICETLAWBE 2020, 26 September 2020, Bandar Lampung, Indonesia. EAI, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4108/eai.26-9-2020.2302597.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
5

Peerapon Vateekul and Mei-Ling Shyu. "A conflict-based confidence measure for associative classification." In 2008 IEEE International Conference on Information Reuse and Integration. IEEE, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iri.2008.4583039.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
6

Li, Jun-wei, Zhen-tao Hu, and Lin Zhou. "Representation method of evidence conflict based on vector measure." In 2014 33rd Chinese Control Conference (CCC). IEEE, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/chicc.2014.6896238.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
7

Kamilla, Dadashova, Abdullayev Nazim, Kashaev Nail, Karev Dmitriy, and Churakov Aleksei. "European Practice of Conflict Settlement in the South Caucasus: Philosophical and Methodological Aspects." In Proceedings of the 2019 3rd International Conference on Economic Development and Education Management (ICEDEM 2019). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/icedem-19.2019.22.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
8

Liu, Huan, Yilin Fang, Quan Liu, and Aiming Liu. "Improved measure of evidence conflict based on pignistic probability distance." In 2016 5th International Conference on Computer Science and Network Technology (ICCSNT). IEEE, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iccsnt.2016.8070158.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
9

Nastiti, Harsi, Sudarmo Sudarmo, and Rina Herlina Haryanti. "The Vague of Public Policy Advantages for Regional Border Conflict Settlement in Magelang Case." In Proceedings of the First International Conference on Administration Science (ICAS 2019). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/icas-19.2019.57.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
10

Pan Wei, John E. Ball, Derek T. Anderson, Archit Harsh, and Christopher Archibald. "Measuring conflict in a multi-source environment as a normal measure." In 2015 IEEE 6th International Workshop on Computational Advances in Multi-Sensor Adaptive Processing (CAMSAP). IEEE, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/camsap.2015.7383777.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Reports on the topic "Measure of conflict settlement"

1

Alston, Lee, Edwyna Harris, and Bernardo Mueller. De Facto and De Jure Property Rights: Land Settlement and Land Conflict on the Australian, Brazilian and U.S. Frontiers. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, September 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w15264.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
2

Mack, Brian X. Engaging India and Pakistan: Resolving Conflict and Establishing Trust Through an Aerial Observation Confidence and Security Building Measure. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, April 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada413591.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
3

Kelly, Luke. Definitions, Characteristics and Monitoring of Conflict Economies. Institute of Development Studies (IDS), February 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/k4d.2022.024.

Full text
Abstract:
The idea of conflict economies is a broad concept encompassing several research angles. Definitions differ according to these focuses. Some of the main uses of the concept are to understand: • economic analysis of the motives for and likelihood of war • financing of state and non-state belligerents • how the continuation of conflicts can be explained by rational motives including economic ones • how conflict affects economic activity, and how conflict parties and citizens adapt Some distinctive characteristics of war economies are (Ballentine & Nitzschke, 2005, p. 12): • They involve the destruction or circumvention of the formal economy and the growth of informal and black markets, • Pillage, predation, extortion, and deliberate violence against civilians is used by combatants to acquire control over lucrative assets, capture trade networks and diaspora remittances, and exploit labour; • War economies are highly decentralised and privatised, both in the means of coercion and in the means of production and exchange; • Combatants increasingly rely on the licit or illicit exploitation of / trade in lucrative natural resources • They thrive on cross-border trading networks, regional kin and ethnic groups, arms traffickers, and mercenaries, as well as legally operating commercial entities, each of which may have a vested interest in the continuation of conflict and instability. The first section of this rapid review outlines the evolution of the term and key definitions. Most of this discussion occurs in the academic literature around the early 2000s. The second looks at key characteristics of conflict economies identified in the literature, with examples where possible from both academic and grey literature. The third section briefly identifies methodologies used to measure and monitor conflict economies, as well as some current research and programmes on conflict economies, from academic literature as well as NGOs and other sources. The findings have been derived via a literature search and advice from experts in the field. Given time constraints, the report is not comprehensive. The review is gender- and disability blind.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
4

Avis, William. Armed Group Transition from Rebel to Government. Institute of Development Studies (IDS), October 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/k4d.2021.125.

Full text
Abstract:
Governments and political parties with an armed history are not unusual, yet how these groups function during and after the transition from conflict has largely been ignored by the existing literature. Many former armed groups have assumed power in a variety of contexts. Whilst this process is often associated with brokered peace agreements that encourage former combatants to transform into political parties, mobilise voters, and ultimately stand for elections, this is not always the case. What is less clearly understood is how war termination by insurgent victory shapes patterns of post-war politics. This rapid literature review collates available evidence of transitions made by armed groups to government. The literature collated presents a mixed picture, with transitions mediated by an array of contextual factors that are location and group specific. Case studies are drawn from a range of contexts where armed groups have assumed some influence over government (these include those via negotiated settlement, victory and in contexts of ongoing protracted conflict). The review provides a series of readings and case studies that are of use in understanding how armed groups may transition in “post-conflict” settings.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
5

Ossoff, Will, Naz Modirzadeh, and Dustin Lewis. Preparing for a Twenty-Four-Month Sprint: A Primer for Prospective and New Elected Members of the United Nations Security Council. Harvard Law School Program on International Law and Armed Conflict, December 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.54813/tzle1195.

Full text
Abstract:
Under the United Nations Charter, the U.N. Security Council has several important functions and powers, not least with regard to taking binding actions to maintain international peace and security. The ten elected members have the opportunity to influence this area and others during their two-year terms on the Council. In this paper, we aim to illustrate some of these opportunities, identify potential guidance from prior elected members’ experiences, and outline the key procedures that incoming elected members should be aware of as they prepare to join the Council. In doing so, we seek in part to summarize the current state of scholarship and policy analysis in an effort to make this material more accessible to States and, particularly, to States’ legal advisers. We drafted this paper with a view towards States that have been elected and are preparing to join the Council, as well as for those States that are considering bidding for a seat on the Council. As a starting point, it may be warranted to dedicate resources for personnel at home in the capital and at the Mission in New York to become deeply familiar with the language, structure, and content of the relevant provisions of the U.N. Charter. That is because it is through those provisions that Council members engage in the diverse forms of political contestation and cooperation at the center of the Council’s work. In both the Charter itself and the Council’s practices and procedures, there are structural impediments that may hinder the influence of elected members on the Security Council. These include the permanent members’ veto power over decisions on matters not characterized as procedural and the short preparation time for newly elected members. Nevertheless, elected members have found creative ways to have an impact. Many of the Council’s “procedures” — such as the “penholder” system for drafting resolutions — are informal practices that can be navigated by resourceful and well-prepared elected members. Mechanisms through which elected members can exert influence include the following: Drafting resolutions; Drafting Presidential Statements, which might serve as a prelude to future resolutions; Drafting Notes by the President, which can be used, among other things, to change Council working methods; Chairing subsidiary bodies, such as sanctions committees; Chairing the Presidency; Introducing new substantive topics onto the Council’s agenda; and Undertaking “Arria-formula” meetings, which allow for broader participation from outside the Council. Case studies help illustrate the types and degrees of impact that elected members can have through their own initiative. Examples include the following undertakings: Canada’s emphasis in 1999–2000 on civilian protection, which led to numerous resolutions and the establishment of civilian protection as a topic on which the Council remains “seized” and continues to have regular debates; Belgium’s effort in 2007 to clarify the Council’s strategy around addressing natural resources and armed conflict, which resulted in a Presidential Statement; Australia’s efforts in 2014 resulting in the placing of the North Korean human rights situation on the Council’s agenda for the first time; and Brazil’s “Responsibility while Protecting” 2011 concept note, which helped shape debate around the Responsibility to Protect concept. Elected members have also influenced Council processes by working together in diverse coalitions. Examples include the following instances: Egypt, Japan, New Zealand, Spain, and Uruguay drafted a resolution that was adopted in 2016 on the protection of health-care workers in armed conflict; Cote d’Ivoire, Kuwait, the Netherlands, and Sweden drafted a resolution that was adopted in 2018 condemning the use of famine as an instrument of warfare; Malaysia, New Zealand, Senegal, and Venezuela tabled a 2016 resolution, which was ultimately adopted, condemning Israeli settlements in Palestinian territory; and A group of successive elected members helped reform the process around the imposition of sanctions against al-Qaeda and associated entities (later including the Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant), including by establishing an Ombudsperson. Past elected members’ experiences may offer some specific pieces of guidance for new members preparing to take their seats on the Council. For example, prospective, new, and current members might seek to take the following measures: Increase the size of and support for the staff of the Mission to the U.N., both in New York and in home capitals; Deploy high-level officials to help gain support for initiatives; Partner with members of the P5 who are the informal “penholder” on certain topics, as this may offer more opportunities to draft resolutions; Build support for initiatives from U.N. Member States that do not currently sit on the Council; and Leave enough time to see initiatives through to completion and continue to follow up after leaving the Council.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
6

Avis, William. Refugee and Mixed Migration Displacement from Afghanistan. Institute of Development Studies (IDS), August 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/k4d.2022.002.

Full text
Abstract:
This rapid literature review summarises evidence and key lessons that exist regarding previous refugee and mixed migration displacement from Afghanistan to surrounding countries. The review identified a diverse literature that explored past refugee and mixed migration, with a range of quantitative and qualitative studies identified. A complex and fluid picture is presented with waves of mixed migration (both outflow and inflow) associated with key events including the: Soviet–Afghan War (1979–1989); Afghan Civil War (1992–96); Taliban Rule (1996–2001); War in Afghanistan (2001–2021). A contextual picture emerges of Afghans having a long history of using mobility as a survival strategy or as social, economic and political insurance for improving livelihoods or to escape conflict and natural disasters. Whilst violence has been a principal driver of population movements among Afghans, it is not the only cause. Migration has also been associated with natural disasters (primarily drought) which is considered a particular issue across much of the country – this is associated primarily with internal displacement. Further to this, COVID-19 is impacting upon and prompting migration to and from Afghanistan. Data on refugee and mixed migration movement is diverse and at times contradictory given the fluidity and the blurring of boundaries between types of movements. Various estimates exist for numbers of Afghanistan refugees globally. It is also important to note that migratory flows are often fluid involving settlement in neighbouring countries, return to Afghanistan. In many countries, Afghani migrants and refugees face uncertain political situations and have, in recent years, been ‘coerced’ into returning to Afghanistan with much discussion of a ‘return bias’ being evident in official policies. The literature identified in this report (a mix of academic, humanitarian agency and NGO) is predominantly focused on Pakistan and Iran with a less established evidence base on the scale of Afghan refugee and migrant communities in other countries in the region. . Whilst conflict has been a primary driver of displacement, it has intersected with drought conditions and poor adherence to COVID-19 mitigation protocols. Past efforts to address displacement internationally have affirmed return as the primary objective in relation to durable solutions; practically, efforts promoted improved programming interventions towards creating conditions for sustainable return and achieving improved reintegration prospects for those already returned to Afghanistan.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
7

Lylo, Taras. THE IDEOLOGEME «DICTATORSHIP OF RELATIVISM» IN THE ROBERTO DE MATTEI’S ESSAYS: POSTMODERN AND POST-COMMUNIST CONTEXTS. Ivan Franko National University of Lviv, March 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.30970/vjo.2021.50.11100.

Full text
Abstract:
The article considers relativism as a philosophical principle and the moral standpoint of a journalist. In particular, the main argumentation of Roberto de Mattei’s work «Dictatorship of Relativism» is analyzed. Like Ratzinger, the Italian publicist describes modern life as ruled by a dictatorship of relativism which does not recognize anything as definitive and whose ultimate goal consists solely of satisfying «the desires of one’s own ego». In his view, the boundaries of the main conflict of modernity lie between two visions of the world: one that believes in the existence of immutable, absolute values, and one that argues that there is nothing stable, that everything is conditional, time-dependent and can be discussed in the media. The markers of this conflict are our attitude to the famous statement of Protagoras about «man as a measure of all things: of the things that are, that they are, of the things that are not, that they are not», as well as to the non-debatable values, the status of natural and positive law, the worldview neutrality, the dehierarchization and multiplicity of truths, the equalization of all worldviews and axiological standpoint in foreign and Ukrainian media. A special attention in the article is paid to the ideological program of media-relativism, as well as to the postmodern and post-communist contexts of the issue of the penetration of relativism into the journalistic values.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
8

Bell, Jack, Rik Law, Howell Li, Ben Anderson, and Darcy M. Bullock. New Opportunities for Automated Pedestrian Performance Measures. Purdue University, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5703/1288284317351.

Full text
Abstract:
Pedestrian safety is an important concern when evaluating intersections. Previous literature has shown that exclusive pedestrian phases improve safety, but at the expense of imposing greater pedestrian and motorist delay. However, outside of crash data, there are no easily implementable performance measures for pedestrians at traffic signals. This study proposes two performance metrics: (1) a time-to-jaywalk measure, and (2) the Conflict Occupancy Ratio (COR) for evaluating concurrent pedestrian signal phasing with turning vehicles. The COR quantifies conflicts between turning vehicles and pedestrians in the crosswalk. The COR is based upon a commercially deployed video detection system that correctly identified the presence of pedestrians to within two per cycle in this study. This performance is likely sufficient for the current application, but as the technology matures it will provide a scalable screening tool to identify intersections that have opportunities for capacity adjustments or warrant further direct field investigation.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
9

Shani, Uri, Lynn Dudley, Alon Ben-Gal, Menachem Moshelion, and Yajun Wu. Root Conductance, Root-soil Interface Water Potential, Water and Ion Channel Function, and Tissue Expression Profile as Affected by Environmental Conditions. United States Department of Agriculture, October 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2007.7592119.bard.

Full text
Abstract:
Constraints on water resources and the environment necessitate more efficient use of water. The key to efficient management is an understanding of the physical and physiological processes occurring in the soil-root hydraulic continuum.While both soil and plant leaf water potentials are well understood, modeled and measured, the root-soil interface where actual uptake processes occur has not been sufficiently studied. The water potential at the root-soil interface (yᵣₒₒₜ), determined by environmental conditions and by soil and plant hydraulic properties, serves as a boundary value in soil and plant uptake equations. In this work, we propose to 1) refine and implement a method for measuring yᵣₒₒₜ; 2) measure yᵣₒₒₜ, water uptake and root hydraulic conductivity for wild type tomato and Arabidopsis under varied q, K⁺, Na⁺ and Cl⁻ levels in the root zone; 3) verify the role of MIPs and ion channels response to q, K⁺ and Na⁺ levels in Arabidopsis and tomato; 4) study the relationships between yᵣₒₒₜ and root hydraulic conductivity for various crops representing important botanical and agricultural species, under conditions of varying soil types, water contents and salinity; and 5) integrate the above to water uptake term(s) to be implemented in models. We have made significant progress toward establishing the efficacy of the emittensiometer and on the molecular biology studies. We have added an additional method for measuring ψᵣₒₒₜ. High-frequency water application through the water source while the plant emerges and becomes established encourages roots to develop towards and into the water source itself. The yᵣₒₒₜ and yₛₒᵢₗ values reflected wetting and drying processes in the rhizosphere and in the bulk soil. Thus, yᵣₒₒₜ can be manipulated by changing irrigation level and frequency. An important and surprising finding resulting from the current research is the obtained yᵣₒₒₜ value. The yᵣₒₒₜ measured using the three different methods: emittensiometer, micro-tensiometer and MRI imaging in both sunflower, tomato and corn plants fell in the same range and were higher by one to three orders of magnitude from the values of -600 to -15,000 cm suggested in the literature. We have added additional information on the regulation of aquaporins and transporters at the transcript and protein levels, particularly under stress. Our preliminary results show that overexpression of one aquaporin gene in tomato dramatically increases its transpiration level (unpublished results). Based on this information, we started screening mutants for other aquaporin genes. During the feasibility testing year, we identified homozygous mutants for eight aquaporin genes, including six mutants for five of the PIP2 genes. Including the homozygous mutants directly available at the ABRC seed stock center, we now have mutants for 11 of the 19 aquaporin genes of interest. Currently, we are screening mutants for other aquaporin genes and ion transporter genes. Understanding plant water uptake under stress is essential for the further advancement of molecular plant stress tolerance work as well as for efficient use of water in agriculture. Virtually all of Israel’s agriculture and about 40% of US agriculture is made possible by irrigation. Both countries face increasing risk of water shortages as urban requirements grow. Both countries will have to find methods of protecting the soil resource while conserving water resources—goals that appear to be in direct conflict. The climate-plant-soil-water system is nonlinear with many feedback mechanisms. Conceptual plant uptake and growth models and mechanism-based computer-simulation models will be valuable tools in developing irrigation regimes and methods that maximize the efficiency of agricultural water. This proposal will contribute to the development of these models by providing critical information on water extraction by the plant that will result in improved predictions of both water requirements and crop yields. Plant water use and plant response to environmental conditions cannot possibly be understood by using the tools and language of a single scientific discipline. This proposal links the disciplines of soil physics and soil physical chemistry with plant physiology and molecular biology in order to correctly treat and understand the soil-plant interface in terms of integrated comprehension. Results from the project will contribute to a mechanistic understanding of the SPAC and will inspire continued multidisciplinary research.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
10

Community Perceptions of Sexual and Gender-Based Violence: A baseline report conducted in Anbar and Diyala Governorates, Iraq. Oxfam, July 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21201/2021.7604.

Full text
Abstract:
Over three months in 2020, Oxfam in Iraq collected data in Diyala and Anbar Governorates in Iraq to improve its understanding of the overall situation regarding sexual and gender-based violence and local communities' perceptions of the issue. The researchers' goal was to provide baseline information against which to monitor and measure the progress and effectiveness of the project “Naseej: Connecting Voices and Action to End Violence Against Women and Girls in the MENA Region." The project aims to address sexual and gender-based violence in fragile and conflict settings. This study found that sexual and gender-based violence is widespread in Diyala and Anbar Governorates, and that communities perceive it to be mostly perpetrated by men. However, it also found that different vulnerabilities can overlap and that not all women and girls are perceived to be at the same risk. Most study participants believed that ending sexual and gender-based violence is the shared responsibility of the government, women's rights organizations, men, women and girls, and extended families.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
You might also be interested in the extended bibliographies on the topic 'Measure of conflict settlement' for particular source types:
Journal articles Dissertations / Theses Books
We offer discounts on all premium plans for authors whose works are included in thematic literature selections. Contact us to get a unique promo code!

To the bibliography