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Aguiar, Maria Ãsis Freire de. "Liver transplantation: the meaning for those that live the wait for the surgical procedure." Universidade Federal do CearÃ, 2007. http://www.teses.ufc.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=626.
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CoordenaÃÃo de AperfeiÃoamento de Pessoal de NÃvel SuperiorO objetivo do transplante de fÃgado à aumentar a sobrevida de pacientes portadores de doenÃas hepÃticas irreversÃveis agudas e crÃnicas, alÃm de proporcionar melhor qualidade de vida. O interesse em prestar uma atenÃÃo em saÃde mais qualificada ao paciente em espera pelo transplante de fÃgado nos instigaram a nos aproximar mais da realidade vivenciada por ele, considerando que a compreensÃo da situaÃÃo vivida favorece uma assistÃncia mais humanizada e individualizada, contribuindo, ainda, para a construÃÃo do conhecimento em enfermagem e para a transformaÃÃo da prÃtica do enfermeiro. Objetivamos apreender o significado do transplante de fÃgado para o paciente em prÃ-transplante, atravÃs da caracterizaÃÃo dos pesquisados nos aspectos sÃcio-demogrÃficos e padrÃes clÃnicos; da identificaÃÃo dos sentimentos, crenÃas, valores e atitudes vivenciadas; e da identificaÃÃo de estratÃgias de enfrentamento para condiÃÃo vivenciada. Pesquisa de abordagem qualitativa, tendo como referencial teÃrico-metodolÃgico a Teoria HumanÃstica de Paterson e Zderad. Participaram do estudo dezoito pacientes inscritos no programa de transplante de fÃgado e acompanhados no Centro de Transplantes de FÃgado do Cearà â CTFC. Os dados foram coletados atravÃs de prontuÃrios, observaÃÃo nÃo-participante e entrevista. A anÃlise dos dados teve por base os preceitos do processo da Enfermagem FenomenolÃgica, utilizando quatro fases: a preparaÃÃo para vir-a-conhecer os pacientes que aguardam um transplante de fÃgado, conhecendo intuitivamente os pacientes, conhecendo cientificamente os pacientes e sÃntese complementar das realidades conhecidas. Desse processo, emergiram as unidades temÃticas com as categorias histÃria da doenÃa, sentimentos, enfrentando a condiÃÃo vivenciada, significado, expectativas e percepÃÃo do futuro. Identificamos o termo ânova vidaâ como a unidade de sentido de maior significÃncia para os informantes, designando um perÃodo diferente do que estÃo vivenciando atualmente e a necessidade de retornar suas atividades cotidianas e hÃbitos de vida relacionados à alimentaÃÃo, educaÃÃo, trabalho e lazer, resgatando assim sua autonomia e dignidade. O significado atribuÃdo ao transplante foi desvelado nÃo apenas como uma possibilidade de cura, mas a melhoria da qualidade de vida. Os pacientes revelaram o desejo de retribuir todo apoio recebido pela famÃlia durante esta fase crÃtica que vivenciam com a evoluÃÃo da doenÃa hepÃtica. A insuficiÃncia hepÃtica irreversÃvel à uma condiÃÃo patolÃgica de grande impacto na vida das pessoas, levando a necessidade de transplante de fÃgado como Ãnica possibilidade de reversÃo do quadro terminal, trazendo conseqÃÃncias diretas na qualidade de vida, com repercussÃes a nÃvel biolÃgico, psicolÃgico e social. As transformaÃÃes e limitaÃÃes impostas pela condiÃÃo crÃnica e pela necessidade de listagem para o transplante trazem a necessidade de adaptaÃÃo a uma nova realidade, tendo que se ajustarem as mudanÃas nos vÃrios campos da sua vida. Buscar o sentido e o significado que os pacientes atribuem à experiÃncia vivida no perÃodo prÃ-transplante à de suma importÃncia para o processo do cuidar, bem como conhecer suas histÃrias e experiÃncias vividas transcorridas em seu mundo, promovendo um ambiente assistencial mais humano.
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Casey, Regina. "The experience of activities and their meaning for people who live with schizophrenia : a phenemenological investigation." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/44790.
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BACKGROUND: This study aims to answer the call to advance knowledge within the occupational therapy and occupational science literature to explore the experience and meaning of occupation/activity participation from both ontic and ontological perspectives.
OBJECTIVE: This phenomenological inquiry sought to understand the meaning of activity participation for 10 adults who live with schizophrenia on the west coast of Canada
METHODS: Rich descriptions of people’s lives were collected by means of multiple in-depth interviews over a period of two years. The analysis process was guided by the hermeneutic writings of Husserl (1859-1939), Heidegger (1962), and Gadamer (2004), and drew on occupational science and occupational therapy concepts such as doing, being, belonging and becoming (Rebeiro, Day, Semeniuk, O’ Brien & Wilson, 2001; Hammell, 2004; Wilcock, 1998). Analysis involved writing, reflecting and re-writing the findings such that themes and aspects of meaning showed themselves over time.
RESULTS: Three interrelated themes that show aspects of meaning are presented. They include: (1) activities of citizenship, recognition and skill development for social inclusion, (2) activities for health and well-being and for justice, and (3) activities that resonate with the call to be “more fully human.” Findings provide understanding of the ways in which others can influence the experience and meaning of activity participation. Study findings also provide a hopeful discourse regarding participants’ engagement in productive activities.
CONCLUSION: This study adds to the literature as it analyses the range of activity participation over a two year period for participants. It is unique in that it is the first study within the field of occupational therapy and occupational science to inquire about the meaning of activities related to citizenship with and for people who live with schizophrenia. The conclusions are that: (1) activity participation is a source of hope and is influenced by notions of inclusion and justice, (2) all activity has meaning, positive and/or negative and (3) meaning in activity is connected to, and has implications for, meaning in life and well-being. This work opens space for further dialogue and research on the topic.
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Shashok, Alan. "A Midlife Educator’s Story Of Change: How Learning To Live For Compassion, Meaning And Leadership Transformed Me." ScholarWorks @ UVM, 2019. https://scholarworks.uvm.edu/graddis/1038.
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What are a person’s core beliefs? What do they hold dear and to be true? How does one go about examining their ideals and challenging them risking discovering there is a different way of living, thinking, or showing up? These questions and more are what drove me to enroll in the University of Vermont Graduate College and the Interdisciplinary Studies (IDS) program. I probably could have attended a few self-help seminars, paid a life coach or seen some type of counselor to help me explore these issues. Doing the exploring via higher education and the IDS program seemed much more meaningful, especially as the program progressed.
Through Scholarly Personal Narrative (SPN) I have been able to closely examine myself, my life stories, with a different lens, even different then using the advantage of hindsight, in hopes of finding a path toward different self-realization. Important to note I said different, not better, as each person’s experience is valid, something you will see as you read the thesis. In so doing, you will be exposed to three basic explorations, my personal stories, my professional stories, and my political stories. All intertwine and relate to each other, but each have their own narrative to contribute to this journey. By the end, you, as the reader and consumer of these stories, may find similar paths to search for yourself in whatever place you currently find your life.
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Lin, Fabia Ling-Yuan. "Doubling the duality : a theoretical and practical investigation into materiality and embodiment of meaning in the integration of live action and animation." Thesis, Loughborough University, 2013. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/11877.
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This practice-led Ph.D. is comprised of a body of work (hybrid films) and its contextual analysis. Together they constitute a method that aims to understand and re-interpret the dialogical relationship between live action and animation filmmaking. The research argues that from its beginning the art of moving images has presented a struggle between opposed tendencies such as imprint and construction , machine eye and artist s hand , dissection of time and condensation of time that are found between the unstable duality of live action and animation. While mainstream cinema has focused most of its efforts on taming the collisions that occur within the integration of live action and animation, it has also relied on the interface s instability to animate its being. As the interface becomes more invisible in the digital age, this research reconsiders the interaction between live action and animation in moving-image production and the construction of meaning in filmmaking as it incorporates the digital into its languages. In contextualising the double and fluctuating nature of co-presence in live action and animation, my question is How could the integration of the opposing attributes of live action and animation interrupt perceptual realism and produce a sense of estrangement in a meaningful way? Firstly this involves identifying the constantly mobile tension between live action and animation. Secondly integration is informed by ideas of estrangement and derealisation , and methods of interrupting perceptual coherence within the screened world to reveal insights into the world of social relations. Two underlying themes are addressed: (1) the uncanniness of co-presence, and (2) the expression of subjectivity through this co-presence. Interrogating the constructedness of the hybridised figure as it appears on screen by exposing its inherent conflicts, and exploring the aesthetics of estrangement and the expression of subjectivity in hybrid films led to an inquiry about cinematic time and movement. This revealed another dimension to the difference and interrelationship between live action and animation. Being both the source and outcome of these themes as expressed in the written thesis, the practical component of this project consists of three hybrid films: Nothing to Do with Weather (3 50 ), Animating Animator the Animated (2 47 ), and Flying Tunes (8 27 ). Theoretical findings are identified through the analysis of works by other artists and discussion of their concepts, and my own practice contributes to knowledge by inspiring, assessing and demonstrating my ideas on hybridity. My three practices are, to some extent, an allegory about the alienation a Far-East Asian filmmaker may feel in a world seemingly dominated by Western paradigms. The films chart my Far-Eastern Asian independent filmmaker s research as a journey towards an adaptation of the aesthetics and methods of contemporary filmmaking originating in Western culture and philosophy. As a piece of research, the transformation of the researcher through practice may be considered of significance in the formation of theory.
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Strine, C. A. "The Divine Oath and the Book of Ezekiel : an analysis of the meaning and function of the "As I Live" and "Lifted Hand" formulae." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2011. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.540123.
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Lizette, Andersson. "Vad är det som hörs? En undersökning av seendet som meningsskapande verktyg under livekonserten." Thesis, Malmö högskola, Fakulteten för kultur och samhälle (KS), 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-21793.
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Trots att musik främst är ämnat för örat verkar dagens liveframträdanden mer visuellt stimulerande än någonsin. Livekonserten har utvecklats till en show för publiken att se på likväl som lyssna till, vilket ställer höga krav på visuell framställning. För att undersöka vilken roll seendet spelar för uppfattning av livemusik fick en publik uppleva det omvända, en konsert bakom ögonbindel. Om det visuella tas bort; hur uppfattas liveframträdandet då?Den här studien använder kvalitativa intervjustudier med både artist och publik. Resultaten visar på hur ögonen tenderar att fungera som medium inte bara för att uppfatta musiken, utan också för att förstå sig själv och sin roll i den sociala institution som bildas under en konsert. När visuell uppfattning inte är möjlig tvingas deltagarna omförhandla hur de ser på sig själva som individer och som en del av ett kollektiv.Although music is primarily intended for the ear, today's live performances seem more visually stimulating than ever. Live performance has evolved into a show for the audience to watch as well as listen to, increasing the demands on visual representation. To further todays understaning of the role vision plays in perception of live music, an audience got to experience the opposite; a live concert behind the blindfold. If visual perception is removed; what does the audience make of the performance? By conducting qualitative interviews with both performer and audience it is possible to distinguish tendencies that show how the eyes act as medium not only to perceive the live performance, but also to aid audience perception of self during the social activity that consitutes a live concert. When visual perception is not possible, the participants are forced to renegotiate how they see themselves as individuals and as part of a collective.
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Cooper, Holly. "The lived experience of meaning in life and satisfaction with life among older adults." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/4398.
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Smith, Helen G. "Life on dialysis and its effects on meaning-making in people's lives." Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/26398.
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This collective case study of three men, from a pastoral care perspective, looks at how people change their meaning making and sources of support they find useful as they begin life on hemodialysis. Meaning making, a spiritual process, involves appraising the significance of ourselves and our lives in changing circumstances. The stresses of beginning dialysis may lead to altered meanings. Processes and themes in the subjects' narratives are compared to those from accounts by two more experienced dialysis patients. The new patients regarded this stage in their lives as temporary; the more experienced men had come to greater acceptance. Themes identified included illness cognitions, body images, changing relationships with families and others, the tension between dependence and autonomy, and optimism versus pessimism. The role of the men in determining who they wished to be in the circumstances was noted. Suggestions for further research and for pastoral support are provided.
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Aydogan, Cevriye Arzu. "Meaning Of Life As A Mental Concept." Master's thesis, METU, 2010. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12612511/index.pdf.
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What is the meaning of life? This has been one of the major questions of philosophy for centuriesfrom Socrates to Nietzsche and from Tolstoy to the famous comedy writers&rsquo
group Monty Python. People from diverse intellectual backgrounds asked what the meaning of life is. Although there are doubts that this question is now outdated, meaning of life seems to me still an intriguing subject. In this thesis I argue that life&rsquo
s meaning must be discussed according to two different notions. One of these notions is the content of life where life&rsquo
s meaning can be analyzed according to its coherence with a value system, its achievements or its influence on others. The other is the notion of life&rsquo
s meaning as a mental concept, as an experience. I provide reasons to think life&rsquo
s meaning as a composite mental state and propose its components. My point of view carries subjectivist implications, however by introducing necessary conditions of the formation of the composite mental state that provides a life with meaning I argue that such a mental state attains objectivity.
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Plesh, Andrew Bohdan. "Gambling addiction and life meaning." online access from Digital dissertation consortium access full-text, 1999. http://libweb.cityu.edu.hk/cgi-bin/er/db/ddcdiss.pl?1397972.
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Juhl, Jacob. "Finding Meaning in Misery: Can Stressful Situations Provide Meaning in Life?" Diss., North Dakota State University, 2013. https://hdl.handle.net/10365/27033.
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Theory and research investigating the relationship between affective experiences and meaning in life have focused on how positive affect contributes to perceptions of meaning in life. No work has considered how people can attain meaning in life while experiencing negative affect. The present work tested whether affectively negative circumstances can provide meaning in life. Specifically, two studies, using distinct methodologies, tested whether people can attain meaning in life while experiencing the stress associated with goal-pursuit. In Study 1, the salience of stressful college-related goal-pursuit was experimentally heightened and then perceptions of goal-engagement, meaning in life, and positive and negative affect were measured. In Study 2, trait levels of meaning in life and positive and negative affect were assessed. Later in the semester, stress associated with college-related goal-pursuit, perceptions of goal-engagement, meaning in life, and positive and negative affect were measured. In Study 1, the salience of stressful goal-pursuit did not affect these outcomes. In Study 2, when controlling for trait levels of meaning in life and positive and negative affect, regression and mediation analyses showed that college stress predicted increased negative affect; and that college stress predicted increased perceptions of goal engagement, which in turn predicted increased meaning in life and subsequently positive affect.
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Braden, Abby L. "SEARCHING FOR MEANING: AN INVESTIGATION OF LIFE MEANING IN DEPRESSED ADULTS." Case Western Reserve University School of Graduate Studies / OhioLINK, 2011. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1323833652.
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Morgan, Jessica. "The meaning of a meaningful life." Thesis, University of Sussex, 2007. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.442432.
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Eriksson, Ann-Louise. "Mening i livet - vem bryr sig?" Thesis, Umeå universitet, Institutionen för idé- och samhällsstudier, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-140163.
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Williams, S. G. "Meaning, validity and necessity." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1985. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.354816.
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Chivers, Terence S. "Autobiography and life review." Thesis, University of Sussex, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.241691.
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Melder, Cecilia A. "Vilsenhetens epidemiologi : en religionspsykologisk studie i existentiell folkhälsa." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala universitet, Religionspsykologi, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-134249.
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The existential dimension has gained importance in health studies in the last decades (Moreira-Almeida & Koenig, 2006; DeMarinis, 2008). Little Swedish research exists in this area. A pilot study was conducted in a suburban Stockholm, Church of Sweden parish. Research question was: “How does the existential dimension of health, understood as the ability to create and maintain a functional meaning-makings system, affect the person’s self-rated health and quality of life?” Theoretical framework included: health research focusing the existential dimension; public health through psychology of religion; and, object-relations theory. The mixed-methods format included semi-structured interviews, and surveys: 1) on meaning-making, and 2) Swedish pilot translation of WHOQOL-SRPB (self-rated health and quality of life including spirituality, religiousness and personal beliefs). Central results showed a positive relation between the existential health dimension and: overall ratings of physical, mental, social, and environmental health (p = .008); the overall existential health dimension and mental health (p = .008); and, social health (p = .046) and, the combined health items “How do you feel?” and “How satisfied are you with your health?” (p = .001). These results find support in WHO’s health perspective, and are linked to DeMarinis’ health dimensions and Winnicott’s understanding of potential space. Health dimensions: physical, mental, social, ecological and existential, are closely interlinked. The existential dimension is important through interaction with the others, and through its function as an autonomous health dimension. The study underlines the need for – and offers a culturally-tested method and model to explore existential needs in this secularized context.
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Kramer, Mechtild. "Schedule for Meaning in Life Evaluation (SMiLE)." Diss., lmu, 2009. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:19-102953.
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Kim, Mira. "Exploring sources of life meaning among Koreans." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2001. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp05/MQ64743.pdf.
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Brandau, Dawn M. "The role of life meaning in psychotherapy." [Ames, Iowa : Iowa State University], 2008.
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Kavedžija, Iza. "Meaning in life : tales from aging Japan." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2012. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:feac1aa8-f74f-44d2-a089-8fcf5eee6d6d.
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Amidst widespread concerns about aging on several levels ranging from the personal to the societal, this dissertation examines the construction of meaning in life and older age in contemporary Japan. Based on an ethnographic account of a community salon in Southern Osaka, it explores the experiences of older people and their ideas of the good and meaningful life, while arguing that than an anthropology of the elderly can reveal a far wider scope of issues than aging alone. Drawing on a socio-narratological approach, I show how stories connect people, form a shared body of knowledge, inform our understanding of the everyday, and provide frameworks for our choices. I argue that the capacity of narratives to create coherence and make sense of seemingly random and unconnected events can help to reveal existential issues, and that narrative analysis may therefore be a powerful tool for creating an existential anthropology capable of elucidating and understanding deeply personal dilemmas in their social and cultural context. The ethnography and life stories of elderly salon goers, volunteers and others involved in a local Non-Profit Organisation raise important issues of autonomy and dependence, sociality and isolation, care and concern. People express concern for others through practices ranging from gift-giving, visiting, balanced forms of polite yet friendly discourse, the provision of information, and volunteering in the salon and beyond. I argue that older Japanese are as much providers of care as recipients of it, thereby challenging the constructed image of the elderly as frail and dependent, even though maintaining independence relies paradoxically on cultivating multiple dependencies on others. Navigating the tensions between the benefits of rich social ties and a desired level of separation in which the burden imposed is minimised, or between dependence and freedom, emerges as central to the balancing acts required for living well.
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Holmberg, Martin. "Narrative, transcendence & meaning : an essay on the question about the meaning of life /." Uppsala : Stockholm : Uppsala univ. ; Almqvist & Wiksell [distributör], 1994. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37608567z.
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Hjälmarö, Andreas. "Perceived meaningfulness in life: a matter of what makes life meaningful." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Institutionen för psykologi, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-131034.
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The existential psychology’s concern with the feeling of meaningfulness in life forms the basis for the present study aiming to investigate the relationship between perceived meaningfulness, and search for meaningfulness in life, and level of conformity. An online survey was distributed to employees at a university in Sweden, and included two questionnaires; the Meaning in Life Questionnaire (MLQ) and the Concern for Appropriateness (CFA) questionnaire. One hundred and two respondents completed the survey. CFA was found to significantly correlate with MLQ-Presence (r = -.456 p = <.001) and MLQ-Search (r = .307 p = .002). The present study found that the feeling of present meaningfulness was significantly lower among those who cared more about fitting into others´ norms concerning how to behave.
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Cannon, Ardyth Gunnell. "Meaning in Family Mealtime." BYU ScholarsArchive, 1998. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/2913.
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This project asks families what mealtime together means to them. The topic of family mealtime appears comparatively infrequently in academic literature, and any meaning that families associate with mealtime has seldom been studied directly. This particular research investigates meanings of the understudied mealtime event by interviewing three or four generations of family members from five different families. Attention is paid to emerging standards of rigor for qualitative research, namely applicability through the selection of families who have a history of practicing a family mealtime tradition, truth value in faithfully representing the interviewees perceptions, and auditability by including detail of the research process. Findings are consistent with the available literature, with survey results, and with folk wisdom. Here are the major findings: As anticipated, the interview families report a decline in meals eaten together. Not anticipated was one important reason for the decline, namely, family adherence to the notion that the individual's freedom to choose takes precedence over the group interest when there is conflict at mealtime. Even so, interviewees affirm their determination to maintain a strong mealtime tradition. Families intend to show love through meal preparation, they value working together, the believe in the spiritual importance of family life, they want to protect the mealtime from outside intrusion, and they like being able to talk about whatever is important to each of them. Mealtime is a time of connection and bonding. Families enjoy being all together as a family. They miss getting together regularly for whatever reasons. And they particularly value their Sunday dinner time. All ages unanimously advise others to adopt a family mealtime tradition. The core assertion is that the family mealtime plays a major role in constructing the family unit.
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Debats, Dominique Louis Henri Maria. "Meaning in life psychometric, clinical and phenomenological aspects /." [S.l. : [Groningen] : s.n.] ; [University Library Groningen] [Host], 1996. http://irs.ub.rug.nl/ppn/152282297.
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Yates-Bolton, N. J. "Meaning and purpose in care home (nursing) life." Thesis, University of Salford, 2017. http://usir.salford.ac.uk/42545/.
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Meaning and purpose in life are important aspects of the life experience of individuals. These aspects of life have often been studied using psychological and quantitative approaches addressing meaning and purpose across the life span. However, there is a dearth of studies of meaning and purpose in care home (nursing) life. This care sector has an important contribution to make nationally and internationally to the lives of older people who require long-term care. This study addresses the gap in the body of knowledge by exploring how to enhance meaning and purpose in the lives of care home (nursing) residents. This study of meaning and purpose in the lives of care home (nursing) residents was undertaken using an appreciative inquiry methodology. Two U.K. care homes (nursing) were the settings for the study; 20 residents and 25 members of staff were included in the sample of the study. The residents who participated in the study had moved into the care homes because of their physical disabilities. None of the residents who participated in the study had appreciable cognitive incapacity. Data were collected using life story interviews, structured interviews and focus groups. Data were constructed during the four stages of appreciative inquiry: Discovery, Dream, Design and Destiny. The data were analysed using the Framework Analysis approach. The findings of the study provide clear definitions of meaning and purpose in care home (nursing) life. The knowledge generated addresses the required focus on the creation of opportunities for residents to flourish and optimise their potential in order to enhance meaning and purpose in their lives. The ways in which care home staff can support residents enhance meaning and purpose in their care home experience through the physical setting, valuing of residents’ identities, the dynamics of relationships, the focus of activities and the component of care are articulated. This study presents the benefits of appreciative inquiry dialogue as a way of enhancing meaning and purpose in the lives of care home residents.
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Karseboom, Shirley. "Relationship Between Meaning in Life and Dispositional Forgiveness." ScholarWorks, 2016. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/2362.
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Both meaning in life and forgiveness have been shown to separately contribute to better mental health. However, no prior research examined the linkage between meaning in life and forgiveness. This quantitative study was therefore to identify if there was a relationship between meaning in life, as measured by the Meaning in Life Questionnaire (MLQ), and overall dispositional forgiveness, dispositional forgiveness of self, dispositional forgiveness of others, and dispositional forgiveness of situations, as measured by the Heartland Forgiveness Scale (HFS). Survey data were gathered from 250 college students in Western Canada, and multiple linear regression controlling for sociodemographic factors was used. The results showed a relationship between meaning in life and 3 out of the 4 variables. A significant relationship was found between meaning in life and dispositional forgiveness, dispositional forgiveness of situations, and overall dispositional forgiveness. There was no relationship found between meaning in life and dispositional forgiveness of others. These findings may be explained by extant literature suggesting differences in both cognitions and emotions between self forgiveness, other forgiveness, and overall forgiveness. Mental health professionals applying therapeutic intervention options that incorporate these 2 constructs may help to precipitate social change in terms of the treatment and management of mental health, especially with respect to the potential to improve treatment options for depression, anxiety, substance abuse, and anger. Improved treatment interventions and options for individuals can potentially lead to increased employability, reduction in crime, better school attendance and performance, and overall improved physical health across the lifespan.
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Wells, Mark. "Value, Well-Being, and the Meaning of Life." Bowling Green State University / OhioLINK, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=bgsu1407960520.
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Englund, Henry. "The Meaning of Hell : Exploring the meaning of life through the lens of the afterlife." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Religionsfilosofi, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-444454.
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In this thesis, I take a closer look at the meaning of life from an eschatological point of view. More precisely, the question at hand is whether and in what sense the existence of Hell would impact the meaning of life. The thesis primarily makes use of Joshua Seachris’s theories on what ‘the meaning of life’ denotes, dividing ‘meaning’ up into the subcategories of ‘intelligibility’, ‘purpose’, and ‘significance’. Three different answers to the research question are proposed, which crystallizes three different positions: Hell-optimism, which denotes the view that the existence of Hell would contribute to the meaning of life; Hell-neutralism, which denotes the view that the existence of Hell would have no effect on the meaning of life; and Hell-pessimism, which denotes the view that the existence of Hell would detract from the meaning of life. Arguments are given for each position, most appropriated from the broader meaning of life-discourse. On the basis of the evaluation of each argument, Hell-pessimism is considered the most probable of the three.
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Léopoldoff, Hélène. "Le parcours de fin de vie un processus biopsychosocial guidé par le sens personnel de la vie ? : étude exploratoire chez les aînés." Mémoire, Université de Sherbrooke, 2009. http://savoirs.usherbrooke.ca/handle/11143/180.
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Les pertes liées à la capacité fonctionnelle, au réseau social et à l'approche de la mort, sont autant de menaces pour le bien-être en général mais représentent aussi des opportunités de transformation et de croissance par l'intégration des parties de sa vie en un tout cohérent et l'acceptation que la mort représente la fin naturelle de la vie. Ainsi la recherche d'un sens à sa vie est importante à n'importe quel âge et plus encore dans le grand âge. La présente étude s'est intéressée au rôle que joue le sens de la vie dans les stratégies d'adaptation et les attitudes face à une mort prochaine. Elle se divise en quatre chapitres. Le premier chapitre présente la problématique sous-jacente à la recherche, la question de recherche, la recension des écrits sur les principaux thèmes, les objectifs ainsi que le cadre théorique. Le deuxième chapitre traite de la méthodologie utilisée, des stratégies d'observation et d'analyse, des obstacles méthodologiques et des considérations éthiques. Le troisième chapitre présente les caractéristiques des participants, le processus d'analyse, les résultats et leur interprétation. Le quatrième chapitre présente la synthèse des résultats, une comparaison avec les autres études, le modèle exploratoire du lien entre sens de la vie, stratégies d'adaptation et attitudes face à la mort, la portée et les limites de la recherche ainsi que les pistes de recherches. La conclusion comprend des recommandations pour l'intervention tant au niveau du personnel soignant que pour les personnes âgées et leur entourage.
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Edwards, Melanie J. "The dimensionality and construct valid measurement of life meaning." Thesis, Kingston, Ont. : [s.n.], 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1974/646.
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Costin, Vlad. "What makes life feel meaningful?" Thesis, University of Sussex, 2018. http://sro.sussex.ac.uk/id/eprint/77039/.
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Kokkoris, Michail, Olga Stavrova, and Tila Pronk. "Finding meaning in self-control: The effect of self-control on the perception of meaning in life." Taylor & Francis Group, 2018. http://epub.wu.ac.at/6743/1/15298868.2018.pdf.
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The present research explored whether self-control is associated with
the perception of meaning in life. A week-long daily diary study (Study
1) showed trait self-control (but not daily experiences of self-control
failure) to be positively associated with a general sense of meaning in
life and daily experiences of meaning. This association was robust
against controlling for life satisfaction, positive and negative affect.
Study 2 tested two potential mechanisms underlying the association
between trait self-control and meaning in life: Successful goal progress
and experience of structure in life. While self-control was positively
associated with both, only the experience of structure predictedmeaning:
Self-control was positively related to the perception of one's life as
having a clear sense of structure and order, which in turn predicted a
stronger perception of meaning. Study 3 replicated the mediation
path via the experience of structure and showed it to be stronger for
individuals high (vs. low) in the personal need for structure. The
present findings add to the emerging literature on trait (and state)
self-control and dispositional determinants of meaning in life.
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Stinson, Alicia M. "Spiritual Life Review with Older Adults| Finding Meaning in Late Life Development." Thesis, University of South Florida, 2013. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3568765.
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Spirituality has been recognized as a positive factor in the lives of older adults, especially as it influences their emotional, mental, and physical well-being. This convenience sample study included 17 older adults residing at a faith based continuing care retirement community in Florida. The sample was represented by Caucasian older adults with an average age of 84 years, highly educated, majority Protestant and mostly female. Spiritual life reviews were conducted using spiritual life maps (Hodge, 2005) and semi-structured interview questions. Erikson's epigenetic stage of ego-integrity was used along with Butler's life review process and Tornstam's gerotranscendence as a conceptual framework for understanding late life development and spirituality in older adults. This mostly qualitative study used a hermeneutic phenomenological approach to analyze the responses to the open-ended interview questions about spirituality across the life-time. Ego-integrity was measured at the beginning and end of the spiritual life review study.
Paired t-tests found that participation in the spiritual life review did not influence the ego integrity scores of participants. Specifically, there were no statistically significant difference between the pre ego integrity score (M=82.94, SD= 8.235) and the post ego integrity score (M=84.47, SD= 7.551); t (16) = -.769 p= .453. However, in comparison, the qualitative analysis revealed that the spiritual life review does influence ego-integrity in some participants. Additionally, the spiritual life review confirms gerotranscendence and contributes to information about spiritual development in the lives of older adults. The conclusion offers a discussion about the study's limitations, strengths, implications for future research, and suggestions for clinical practice.
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Stinson, Alicia Margaret. "Spiritual Life Review With Older Adults: Finding Meaning in Late Life Development." Scholar Commons, 2013. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/4778.
Full textAbstract:
ABSTRACT
Spirituality has been recognized as a positive factor in the lives of older adults, especially as it influences their emotional, mental, and physical well-being. This convenience sample study included 17 older adults residing at a faith based continuing care retirement community in Florida. The sample was represented by Caucasian older adults with an average age of 84 years, highly educated, majority Protestant and mostly female. Spiritual life reviews were conducted using spiritual life maps (Hodge, 2005) and semi-structured interview questions. Erikson's epigenetic stage of ego-integrity was used along with Butler's life review process and Tornstam's gerotranscendence as a conceptual framework for understanding late life development and spirituality in older adults. This mostly qualitative study used a hermeneutic phenomenological approach to analyze the responses to the open-ended interview questions about spirituality across the life-time. Ego-integrity was measured at the beginning and end of the spiritual life review study.
Paired t-tests found that participation in the spiritual life review did not influence the ego integrity scores of participants. Specifically, there were no statistically significant difference between the pre ego integrity score (M=82.94, SD= 8.235) and the post ego integrity score (M=84.47, SD= 7.551); t (16) = -.769 p= .453. However, in comparison, the qualitative analysis revealed that the spiritual life review does influence ego-integrity in some participants. Additionally, the spiritual life review confirms gerotranscendence and contributes to information about spiritual development in the lives of older adults. The conclusion offers a discussion about the study's limitations, strengths, implications for future research, and suggestions for clinical practice.
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Metz, Alexander Johan. "Meaning in Apocalypse." Oberlin College Honors Theses / OhioLINK, 2020. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=oberlin1590800369838626.
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Lewenhaupt, Peder. "Religious Beliefs and Purpose in Life : Purpose in life as a function of specific religious beliefs in a Christian population." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Teologiska institutionen, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-271127.
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This thesis presents a cross-sectional study of psychological meaning making processes involving religious beliefs and the construction of a sense of purpose in life. Previous research has studied the connection between religiosity and purpose in life, but has failed to adequately represent the multidimensionality of meaning and religion, resulting in a lack of understanding of the psychological processes involved in the construction of a sense of purpose in life. The purpose of this study was to research the connection between specific religious beliefs and a sense of purpose in life in individuals aged 25-40, by testing one hypothesis: There is a significant, positive correlation between the strength of religious belief and purpose in life, and answering two research questions: 1. What specific religious beliefs show a significant correlation to purpose in life?, and 2. How are religious beliefs used in a meaning system for the construction of purpose in life? The study employed a two-phase, mixed methods sequential exploratory design, and a meaning system theory framework, complemented by additional theoretical perspectives in phase 2. The weighting of the data was on the first, qualitative phase of the study and the data were mixed in the final, joint analysis of both types of data. Phase 1 consisted of a survey, measuring the strength of religious beliefs (measured by the BVS scale) and sense of purpose in life (measured by the LAP-R and one item of the WHOQOL-BRIEF). The survey was completed by 40 respondents who self-identified as Christian and were members of various Christian congregations in the city of Stockholm and surrounding areas. The results of phase 1 of the study firstly showed a significant, moderate, positive correlation between the strength of religious belief and purpose in life, confirming the hypothesis. The results also showed that purpose in life was positively and significantly correlated to a belief that God is an all pervading presence (tau = 0.35, p<0.05), belief in forces for evil in the universe (tau = 0.40, p<0.01), belief that human physical contact can be a spiritual experience (tau = 0.27, p<0.05), belief in life after death (tau = 0.31, p<0.05), belief that one's life has been planned out (tau = 0.33, p<0.05), belief that there is a heaven (tau = 0.30, p<0,05), belief that the human spirit is immortal (tau = 0.30, p<0.05), and belief that there is a God (tau = 0.32, p<0.05). Phase 2 consisted of interviews with 9 of the survey respondents, yielding qualitative data that were analysed through an interpretative framework based on two hermeneutic theories. The qualitative analysis showed that religious beliefs are used to construct purpose in a meaning making process consisting primarily of three elements in a meaning system. Beliefs regarding what is ultimately good (ultimate concerns) and beliefs regarding the purpose and role of humanity (overall purpose) provides a foundation for the construction of purpose in life. The individual constructs purpose by locating himself/herself (self-definition) in relation to ultimate concerns and overall purpose. The results of phase 2 also showed that both the content and conviction of religious beliefs influence their use in the construction of purpose in life, further explicating the results of phase 1. The joint analysis of the two phases showed that the results from phase 2 supported the results from phase 1, both regarding the beliefs involved in the construction of purpose in life and the importance of both content and conviction in meaning making processes. Suggestions for further research include additional research on the connections between the various elements of a meaning system, research on the connection between religious beliefs, purpose and the development of self-definition, as well as further theoretical developments of meaning system theory, and harmonisation of meaning system theory with other, complementary theoretical perspectives.
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Harley, Katherine. "Meaning in life, affect and the process of reemployment." Thesis, University of London, 2010. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.542386.
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Åström, Gunilla. "The meaning of caring as narrated, lived, moral experience." Doctoral thesis, Umeå universitet, Institutionen för omvårdnad, 1995. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-100560.
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The purpose of this research was to understand the meaning of caring as narrated, lived, moral experience. Forty-five good nurses experienced in the care of patients in surgical, medical and geriatric wards were interviewed. They described their experience of; caring, caring abilities, the worthwhile of caring, the strength related to caring and narrated situations (n=88) in which they had experienced that their caring had made a difference to the patient. Surgical nurses described care and cure as an integrated whole, medical nurses described care as integrated with the patients' social context and geriatric nurses described care as enhancing the autonomy of patients (I). The nurses' narrated, lived, experiences of caring situations revealed ways of intervening and interacting with the patient including caring actions (II). Eighteen good nurses experienced in the care of cancer patients were also interviewed. Their narrated, lived experiences of morally difficult care situations i.e. situations where it had been hard to know what was the right and good thing to do for the patient (n=60), revealed that relationships with their co-workers were very important for their possibility to act according to their moral reasoning and feelings(III). The situations for the nurses were either disclosed as overwhelming or possible to grasp. When narrating about these situations the nurses used different terms about themselves and their co-workers (One, They, I and We). The nurses viewed the patients either as a task to be accomplished or as a valuable unique person. In the latter situations ethical demands were interpreted, judged and acted upon (IV). Interpretations of these nurses' skills in managing morally difficult care situations disclosed two levels; one group of nurses who described positive paradigm cases, liberating maxims and disclosed open minds, while the other group described negative paradigm cases, restrictive maxims and revealed closed minds. The latter nurses were mostly the nurses who disclosed in Paper III that they used the term "one" about themselves and "they" about their co-workers (V).en patients recently cared for at surgical and medical wards were interviewed(IV). They narrated lived experiences of receiving/not receiving the help they needed or wanted when suffering from pain and anxiety/fear. The patients revealed that the most important thing for them to feel cared for in these situations was to be listened to, taken seriously and trusted, if they were not treated in this way the patients revealed that they felt they were in the hands of somebody who was uncaring. The findings are interpreted within the framework of Paul Tillich's philosophy concerning love, power, justice and courage, thereby showing the tension between these phenomena in the narrated, lived, moral experience. Light is also thrown on the dynamics of openness, vulnerability, fallibility, forgiveness, affirmation as well as powerlessness, meaninglessness, insufficiency, dissociation and exclusion. Reflections are made concerning practical wisdom.S. 1-60: sammanfattning, s. 61-151: 6 uppsatser
digitalisering@umu
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Udris, Janis. "Grotesque and excremental humour : Monty Python's Meaning of Life." Thesis, University of Warwick, 1988. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/34722/.
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The thesis represents an attempt to bring together theoretical and empirical work on (grotesque/excremental) humour. The first two sections are consequently concerned with the history and theorisation of the grotesque/excremental and with the prevalent ways of analysing the comedic. It was decided that a 'history' of Monty Python would constitute too long a digression, and so only a brief account of Terry Gilliam's links with the grotesque is included. Two further section then deal with some of the research on the comedic which has been done and with audience research methodologies. It is worth noting a shift which took place in the course of work on this thesis, from a concern with highly individuated responses (reflecting the centrality of psychoanalytic explications of the comedic) to an eventual decision to concentrate on a 'readerresponse' approach. The rationale for this shift is discussed in Section 5, and briefly in Section 6. The empirical heart of the research is, then, an analysis of a transcript of six hours of taped interviews/discussions about responses to Monty Python's Meaning of Life. These are supplemented by the results of Humour Appreciation Tests and Mood Adjective Check Lists administered under standard conditions to the respondents watching the film. While there can be no question of 'proof', particularly in a field in which psychoanalytic mechanisms are arguably crucial, results of the empirical study indicate that the humour of Meaning of Life functions to reduce anxiety, and that the mechanism by which this occurs conforms to a Freudian repression model. Over and above this, however, - the work of David Morley and Janice Radway is worth evoking here - the detailed account of audience response also furnishes data for further enquiry about how and why 'real' respondents do or do not find grotesque and excremental humour 'funny'.
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McGregor-Johnson, Lindsay. "Negotiating meaning following infertility and disruption to life plans." Thesis, City, University of London, 2016. http://openaccess.city.ac.uk/16881/.
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Infertility is seen as a distressing crisis for the couple and individual. There has tended to be too heavy a focus on the female’s experience and not enough attention given to couples who go through IVF together. The aim of this research was to investigate how heterosexual couples co-construct their experience of infertility and fertility treatment. It was of interest how they construct their experience, how they construct themselves and each other, how they talk about alternatives to fertility treatment ie. adoption and childlessness, and how they each manage their own personal stake in the conversation. Both members of the couple were interviewed together to allow for co-construction. A discourse analysis was conducted from a social-constructionist epistemological position. Three heterosexual couples were recruited and data was gathered through semi-structured interviews. Dominant discourses of IVF as struggle and sacrifice, the pain of infertility and what is lost by not having their own biological children were identified. This helped to build a picture of the couples as deserving parents but also led to constructions of unfairness and resentment. Childless people were characterised as materialistic and lacking meaning in life. The analysis looked at how the couple was constructed during the interview with the dominant discourse being the ‘in it together’ discourse. This was troubled by some topics like donor gametes, who the infertile one in the couple was, and different reactions to IVF. The current research not only adds to the literature on infertility and IVF but also to how couples work together to co-construct experience and meaning. Implications, limitations and areas for future research are discussed.
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Washington, Kenneth Terrell. "AN EXAMINATION OF THE CULTURAL VALIDITY OF THE MEANING IN LIFE QUESTIONNAIRE USING AN AFRICAN AMERICAN SAMPLE." OpenSIUC, 2017. https://opensiuc.lib.siu.edu/theses/2160.
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Meaning in life is one of the most heavily researched constructs of positive psychology in the psychological literature. Despite its popularity, the positive psychology literature has been devoid of research that has explored the measurement of the construct with individuals who identify as African American. The present study was conducted to reexamine the cultural equivalence of the Meaning in Life Questionnaire (MLQ), a popular existing measure, with a predominantly African American sample. A sample of 155 African American and 179 White American college students were recruited from a southern metropolitan university and rural Midwestern university. Participants responded to the MLQ and a demographic questionnaire. The factor structure and the nature of the items were examined using a principal axis exploratory factor analysis with an oblique rotation (delta = 0). The results of the study were partially consistent with the existing literature on the MLQ, providing evidence to support the two factor structure of the measure. However, the nature of the items loading on each scale was called into question because the subsamples of participants responded significantly differently on the items of the Presence subscale. Furthermore, the reliability and communality value on one item (i.e., “My life has no clear purpose”), which was significantly lower, provided additional rationale for differences in MIL for these groups. The results suggested that there might be a noteworthy difference in: (a) how African American participants and White American participants interpreted the items and (b) how their subjective experience may influence responding to the items. In sum, the research has important implications for understanding the nature of African American meaning in life and its connection to the present day African American experience in the United States context.
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Standen, Natasha. "The use and meaning of mobile phones in student lives." Thesis, University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10443/150.
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This thesis demonstrates the popularity of mobile telephony within a population of undergraduate students, and provides explanations regarding the adoption, use and meaning of mobile phones therein. Research has been conducted at the University of Newcastle upon Tyne amongst 1030 18-24 year old, full-time, UK-resident 'traditional entry' students, using social science methods. Due to a lack of existing research on this type of population, the thesis also includes ethnographic data from the everyday lives of the individuals concerned. This data in turn supports the main findings of the research. Although some theorists conceptualise the mobile phone as `impacting' on social life, this research adopts a `social shaping' approach from work in social studies of technology, and is also informed by social anthropology. This theoretical basis helps formulate the argument that changes engendered by the mobile phone must be viewed in association with other recent changes within the University and its population. Correspondingly, the thesis suggests that the mobile phone is now integral to what Haselgrove (1994) terms the 'student experience', precisely because of the nature of this experience for the contemporary undergraduate population. The thesis therefore provides an explanation of the adoption rates, use patterns and meanings associated with mobile phones within the undergraduate population at the University of Newcastle upon Tyne, in conjunction with a study of their behaviours and attitudes. It concludes that the use and meaning of mobile phones in student lives is directly linked to the specific circumstances of the population studied.
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Visser, Wayne Africa Merlin-Tao. "Meaning in the life and work of corporate sustainability managers." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2007. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.439851.
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Koutsopoulou, Zografo Gina. "Meaning in life and psychological well-being in older adults." Thesis, University of Leeds, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.416235.
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DUARTE, SAMUEL DE JESUS. "CARPE DIEM: THE MEANING OF LIFE IN QOH 9,7-10." PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO, 2005. http://www.maxwell.vrac.puc-rio.br/Busca_etds.php?strSecao=resultado&nrSeq=6005@1.
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CONSELHO NACIONAL DE DESENVOLVIMENTO CIENTÍFICO E TECNOLÓGICOA pergunta sobre o sentido da vida sempre foi objeto de pesquisa de muitas ciências, dentre elas a teologia e a filosofia. As religiões sempre apresentaram e apresentam um sentido para a vida humana. Algo semelhante acontece com a Bíblia. A literatura sapiencial bíblica, que queremos analisar de forma mais específica, nasce do desejo do povo israelita de compreender as leis que YHWH colocou no mundo para serem seguidas; ou seja, nasce da procura de resposta para a pergunta sobre o sentido da vida. A presente dissertação quer abordar o livro de Qohélet verificando qual é o sentido que este apresenta para a vida humana. A escolha desse livro se deve à sua localização no contexto da crise da sabedoria em Israel - falamos aqui de crise da sabedoria bíblica que vai do séc. IV ao séc. II aproximadamente, onde está situado também o livro de Jó. O fundamento da sabedoria tradicional israelita era o princípio de causa e efeito que garantia a felicidade dos justos e a infelicidade dos ímpios. A crise da sabedoria acontece justamente pela verificação de falhas nesse princípio. Por outro lado, ainda não existe na tradição de Israel nenhuma perspectiva de recompensa após a morte. Nossa pesquisa terá como ponto de partida o texto de Qoh 9,7-10 que será analisado seguindo os passos do método histórico-crítico. Num primeiro momento procuraremos refletir a respeito do contexto histórico do livro de Qohélet, de como foi abordado em todo esse tempo e de algumas hipóteses a respeito do seu processo de composição. Assim, nossa pesquisa buscará relacionar o texto em questão com o conjunto do livro de Qohélet e responder à seguinte pergunta: qual o sentido da vida para Qohélet? Em seguida procuraremos comparar essa resposta com a resposta dada pela Epopéia de Gilgames e pela filosofia epicurista.
The question on the meaning of life was always object of research of a lot of sciences, among them Theological and Philosophical sciences. The religions have always presented and still present a meaning for the human life. Something alike happens with the Bible. The wise biblical literature, that we want to analyze in a more specific way is born of the desire of the Israeli people of understanding the laws that YHWH placed in the world for us to be followed; in other words, it is derived of the answer search for the question on the meaning of the life. The present dissertation wants to approach the book of Qohélet verifying which it is the meaning of life presented by the book. The choice of this book is due to its location in the context of the wisdom crisis in Israel; we refer to the crisis of the Biblical Wisdom that starts in the IV Century and ends in the II Century aproximately, where it is also placed the book of Jó. The foundation of the Israeli traditional wisdom was the cause and effect principle wich assured the happiness of the fairs and the heretics unhappiness. The crisis of the wisdom occurs exactly due the existence of faults in the cause and effect principle itself. On the other hand, it doesn t still exist in the Israeli tradition any reward perspective after death. Our research will have as starting point the text of Qoh 9,7-10 that will be analyzed following the steps of the historical- critical method. In a first moment we will try to reflect on the historical context of the book of Qohélet, on how it was regarded throughout the times and on some hypotheses regarding its composition process. Therefore, our research will seek to relate the afore mentioned text to the Qohélet book as a hole while trying to provide an answer to the following question: which is the meaning of the life for Qohélet? Subsequently we will try to compare that answer with the answer given by the Epic poem of Gilgames and by the materialistic philosophy.
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Cavanagh, Lorraine Marie. "Meaning and transformation in the life of the Anglican Communion." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.619986.
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Highet, Gill. "Cannabis and young people's lives : exploring meaning and social context." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/24699.
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Since the early 90s there has been no decline in regular smoking rates among 12-15 year olds in Scotland and a considerable increase in cannabis use among teenagers. This thesis aims to explore the role of cannabis in young people's lives during their early teenage years. By generating contextual data on the social situations within which young people use cannabis and the meanings they attach to this behaviour, this study aims to illuminate how participants' cannabis related beliefs, attitudes and behaviour fit within the broader contexts of their everyday lives. This study also aims to explore the links between young people's cannabis and tobacco use, building in particular on findings from a number of earlier studies. The study used qualitative methods, interviewing 59 young people, aged 13-15, primarily in selfselected friendship pairs within the informal setting of youth clubs. In using this relatively novel approach, the study also has a methodological focus, contributing to debates about researching young people's perspectives. The participants were drawn from different socio-economic backgrounds with a range of patterns of use/non-use of both cannabis and cigarettes. The interviewing and analysis of data were based upon a methodology which assumes that it is possible to learn about young people's social worlds through qualitative interviewing. Through these interviews, `stories' were co-produced and then analysed inductively to generate theory grounded in the data. In order to explore how cannabis fits within young people's lives, the data were analysed using a framework encompassing four main contexts - family, peers, local neighbourhood and aspects of broader culture. Analysis of the interview data revealed that young cannabis users employ a discourse of ambiguity when talking about parents' `knowing' about their cannabis use. For some young people, particularly boys, cannabis appears to play a central role in street based leisure cultures, although this was more apparent in some local areas than in others. Within this context, cannabis was closely linked to aspects of social identity, in particular achieving peer status and recognition. Its use was also associated with demonstrating independence in a context of adult-free space. Placing the study in a broader cultural context, the current debate surrounding cannabis control was also found to be of considerable interest to many young people, cannabis users and non-users alike. For some 'cannabisoriented' participants, their cannabis use also seemed to support and sustain their cigarette smoking behaviour, a finding that has implications for the development of effective smoking cessation programmes. A methodological analysis suggested that using friendship pairs is a promising approach to researching young people's perspectives. This method enables young people to express themselves and demonstrate their knowledge and reasoning in reflective and sophisticated ways, providing occasional glimpses into more private worlds as well as presenting well-rehearsed public accounts, especially about health promotion messages. In particular, interviewing young people in self-selected friendship pairs allows access to interactions between participants, illuminating aspects of their social relationships with one another. This thesis makes both a theoretical and a methodological contribution to our understanding of young people and their lives, particularly in relation to cannabis use, attitudes to cannabis and other health related behaviours. It highlights the significance for health promotion policy and practice of listening to young people's perspectives, in particular, their accounts of how these behaviours fit within the broader contexts of their lives.
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McClimans, Leah Marian. "Measurement and meaning in health-related quality of life research." Thesis, London School of Economics and Political Science (University of London), 2007. http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/2954/.
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In this thesis I take up the topic of our understanding of questions in a detailed case study of non-utility measures of health-related quality of life. I argue that efforts to standardize these measures lead to limitations in our ability to understand and measure quality of life. In the first half of this thesis I describe two types of bias that affect quality of life measures despite efforts to validate them. On the one hand, quality of life measures can perpetuate ethnocentric understandings of quality of life. On the other hand, respondents often understand the questions in these measures very differently than researchers imagined. I argue that the residual bias found in quality of life measures is the result of two assumptions built into the use of construct validity: 1) when a measure's outcomes confirm our hypotheses, we are warranted in having greater confidence in the accuracy of our theory 2) respondents understand the questions and answers in our measures in the same way as researchers imagined they would. In the second half of this thesis I argue that the limitations of construct validity stem from the logic of asking questions, a logic which precludes standardization. I propose that quality of life measures ought to be understood differently-they are not independent instruments capable of unambiguous claims, but rather one element in a dialogic framework whose questions and outcomes serve as the starting point for further inquiry. Finally, I examine what might have motivated the misguided use of construct validity. I suggest that the motivation lies in an erroneous picture of the human subject. I argue for an alternative picture that allows me to introduce an ethical dimension to our questions about quality of life.
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Yang, Ming-Chen, and 楊銘宸. "Whose Live House - Exploring the Cultural Meaning of Live House Spectacle, Music and Its Participants." Thesis, 2010. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/57807323276093702778.
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碩士淡江大學
大眾傳播學系碩士班
98
This is a research discussing the sphere, live music, and its participants of domestic Live House industry, which based on the view of being a cultural observer and its participant. Nowadays, due to the raised wave of bands on News and magazines, we are getting familiar with the terms, “Indie music,”and “Indie band.” However, there is one more issue everyone should have noticed behind the fad, that is, Live House, and its sphere and participants. After the research, we can realize that the motives of Live House participants could be concluded into 3 aspects, which are Singer warship oriented, maintaining and exploring relationship, the favor of sphere of Live House. In the meantime, when it talks to the image of Live House, interviewers’ statements imply the bright side of it. All of these materials somehow regard to the Live Music performing is much more acceptable to people, and the development of music literacy. Furthermore, The increase of domestic live music stage, Live House and music festival, definitely offers Non-mainstream music performers more stages in one hand, but there are some potential negative influences behind the Live House and music festival in the other hand, such as return of the mini-concert of famous singer in Live House and the ranking of music festival. In a nutshell, the development of Live House culture now is admirable, but there are also some oppressed elements honestly inform us the immature of Live House culture, and the difficult situations of Non-mainstream music and Indie music.