Relevant bibliographies by topics / MDMA

Academic literature on the topic 'MDMA'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 9 March 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "MDMA"

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Pirnay, Stephane O., Tsadik T. Abraham, and Marilyn A. Huestis. "Sensitive Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry Method for Simultaneous Measurement of MDEA, MDMA, and Metabolites HMA, MDA, and HMMA in Human Urine." Clinical Chemistry 52, no. 9 (September 1, 2006): 1728–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1373/clinchem.2006.069054.

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Abstract Background: A sensitive gas chromatography-mass spectrometry method was developed and validated for the simultaneous measurement of MDEA, MDMA, and its metabolites, 3,4-methylenedioxy-N-ethylamphetamine (MDEA), 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA or Ecstasy), and its metabolites, 4-hydroxy-3-methoxyamphetamine (HMA), 3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine (MDA), and 4-hydroxy-3-methoxyamphetamine (HMMA) in human urine. Methods: We hydrolyzed 1 mL urine, fortified with MDMA-d5, MDA-d5, and MDEA-d6, with 100 μL of concentrated hydrochloric acid at 120 °C for 40 min, then added 100 μL 10 N sodium hydroxide and 3 mL phosphate buffer 0.1 N (pH 6.0) were added to hydrolyzed urine specimens before solid-phase extraction. After elution and evaporation, we derivatized extracts with heptafluorobutyric acid anhydride and analyzed with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry operated in EI-selected ion-monitoring mode. Results: Limits of quantification were 25 μg/L for MDEA, MDMA, and its metabolites. Calibration curves were linear to 5000 μg/L for MDEA, MDMA, HMA, MDA, and HMMA, with a minimum r2 > 0.99. At 3 concentrations spanning the linear dynamic range of the assay, mean overall extraction efficiencies from urine were >85.5% for all compounds of interest. Intra- and interassay imprecisions, produced as CV, were <15% for all drugs at 30, 300, and 3000 μg/L. Conclusions: This gas chromatography-mass spectrometry assay provides adequate sensitivity and performance characteristics for the simultaneous quantification of MDEA, MDMA, and its metabolites HMMA, MDA, and HMA in human urine. The method meets and exceeds the requirements of the proposed Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration’s guidelines for federal workplace drug testing of MDEA and MDMA in urine.
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Peters, Frank T., Nele Samyn, Caroline TJ Lamers, Wim J. Riedel, Thomas Kraemer, Gert de Boeck, and Hans H. Maurer. "Drug Testing in Blood: Validated Negative-Ion Chemical Ionization Gas Chromatographic–Mass Spectrometric Assay for Enantioselective Measurement of the Designer Drugs MDEA, MDMA, and MDA and Its Application to Samples from a Controlled Study with MDMA." Clinical Chemistry 51, no. 10 (October 1, 2005): 1811–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1373/clinchem.2005.052746.

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Abstract Background: The enantiomers of the designer drugs 3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine (MDA), 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA), and 3,4-methylenedioxyethylamphetamine (MDEA) differ in their pharmacologic and toxicologic potency. The aim of this study was to develop an assay for measuring these enantiomers in small plasma volumes and to analyze samples from a controlled study with MDMA. Methods: The analytes were extracted from ≤0.2 mL of plasma by mixed-mode solid-phase extraction. After derivatization with S-(−)-heptafluorobutyrylprolyl chloride, the resulting diastereomers were separated by gas chromatography (HP-5MS) within 17 min and detected by mass spectrometry in the negative-ion chemical ionization mode. The method was fully validated and applied to samples from a controlled study in which a single dose of racemic MDMA (75 mg) was administered. Results: The derivatized enantiomers were well separated and detected with good sensitivity. The assay was linear (per enantiomer) at 1–50 μg/L for MDA and 5–250 μg/L for MDMA and MDEA. Analytical recovery, accuracy, repeatability, and intermediate precision data were within required limits. Extraction yields were 82.1%–95.3%. In the study samples, concentrations of R-(−)-MDMA significantly exceeded those of S-(+)-MDMA. Their ratios (R vs S) were always >1.0 and increased over time. Concentrations of S-(+)-MDA exceeded those of R-(−)-MDA, their ratios (R vs S) also increasing over time but remaining <1.0. Conclusions: This assay enables sensitive, reliable, and fast enantioselective measurement of MDA, MDMA, and MDEA in small volumes of plasma. The controlled study data confirm previous findings of MDMA and MDA enantiomer ratios (R vs S) increasing over time after ingestion of racemic MDMA.
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Kolbrich, Erin A., Ross H. Lowe, and Marilyn A. Huestis. "Two-Dimensional Gas Chromatography/Electron-Impact Mass Spectrometry with Cryofocusing for Simultaneous Quantification of MDMA, MDA, HMMA, HMA, and MDEA in Human Plasma." Clinical Chemistry 54, no. 2 (February 1, 2008): 379–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1373/clinchem.2007.096800.

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Abstract Background: 3,4-Methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA, or Ecstasy) is a popular recreational drug. Analysis of MDMA and metabolites in human plasma, particularly in pharmacokinetic studies, requires low limits of quantification. Two-dimensional GC/MS with cryofocusing is a chromatographic technique recognized for its increased selectivity and resolution. Methods: This method simultaneously quantifies 3,4-methylenedioxyethylamphetamine (MDEA), MDMA, and its metabolites, 3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine (MDA), 4-hydroxy-3-methoxymethamphetamine (HMMA), and 4-hydroxy-3-methoxyamphetamine (HMA) in human plasma. With hydrochloric acid, we hydrolyzed 1 mL plasma, fortified with internal standard. Analytes were subjected to solid-phase extraction, derivatized with heptafluorobutyric acid anhydride, and quantified using cryofocused 2-dimensional GC/MS operated in electron-impact selected ion-monitoring mode. Results: Limits of quantification were 1.0 μg/L for MDA and 2.5 μg/L for MDEA, MDMA, HMMA, and HMA. Calibration curves were linear to 100 μg/L for MDA and HMA and to 400 μg/L for MDEA, MDMA, and HMMA, with r2 > 0.997. At 3 concentrations spanning the linear dynamic range of the assay, mean overall extraction efficiencies from plasma were ≥85% for all compounds of interest. Recoveries were 85.6% to 107.2% of target, and intra- and interassay imprecision (CV) was <8.5% for all drugs at 3 concentrations within the range of the assay. None of the 66 exogenous compounds tested interfered with analyte quantification. Conclusions: This GC/MS assay provides low limits of quantification for simultaneous determination of MDEA, MDMA, and metabolites MDA, HMMA, and HMA in human plasma. The 2D chromatographic system should be suitable for application to other analytes and to other complex matrices.
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Peters, Frank T., Nele Samyn, Thomas Kraemer, Wim J. Riedel, and Hans H. Maurer. "Negative-Ion Chemical Ionization Gas Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry Assay for Enantioselective Measurement of Amphetamines in Oral Fluid: Application to a Controlled Study with MDMA and Driving Under the Influence Cases." Clinical Chemistry 53, no. 4 (April 1, 2007): 702–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1373/clinchem.2006.081547.

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Abstract Background: Enantioselective analysis of amphetamine (AM), methamphetamine (MA), 3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine (MDA), 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA), and 3,4-methylenedioxyethylamphetamine (MDEA) helps interpret toxicological results. Methods have been described for various matrices, but so far not for oral fluid, a matrix of increasing importance in testing for drugs of abuse, especially in the context of driving under the influence of drugs (DUID). Methods: After dilution with 200 μL carbonate buffer (pH 9), oral fluid samples (10–50 μL) were derivatized with S-heptafluorobutyrylprolyl chloride. The resulting diastereomers were extracted into 100 μL of cyclohexane, separated by gas chromatography (HP-5MS column), and detected by mass spectrometry in the negative-ion chemical ionization mode (GC-NICI-MS). The method was validated and applied to samples from a controlled study with MDMA and from authentic DUID cases. Results: The derivatized AM, MA, MDA, MDMA, and MDEA enantiomers were well separated from each other. The method was linear from 5–250 μg/L per enantiomer of MDA and from 25–1250 μg/L per enantiomer of AM, MA, MDMA, and MDEA. With the exception of MDEA, analytical recoveries, repeatability, and intermediate precision were within required limits. The analyte concentrations and enantiomer ratios in the application samples correlated only weakly with corresponding published plasma data. Conclusions: This sensitive, reliable, and fast GC-NICI-MS assay enantioselectively measures AM, MA, MDA, and MDMA in oral fluid samples. Prediction of plasma concentrations and enantiomer ratios from respective oral fluid data is not possible.
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Clauwaert, Karine M., Jan F. Van Bocxlaer, Els A. De Letter, Serge Van Calenbergh, Willy E. Lambert, and André P. De Leenheer. "Determination of the Designer Drugs 3,4-Methylenedioxymethamphetamine, 3,4-Methylenedioxyethylamphetamine, and 3,4-Methylenedioxyamphetamine with HPLC and Fluorescence Detection in Whole Blood, Serum, Vitreous Humor, and Urine." Clinical Chemistry 46, no. 12 (December 1, 2000): 1968–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/clinchem/46.12.1968.

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Abstract Background: The popular designer drugs 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) and 3,4-methylenedioxyethylamphetamine (MDEA) can be determined in serum, whole blood, and urine, but also in vitreous humor. The latter matrix is interesting when dealing with decomposed bodies in a toxicological setting. Methods: After extraction, chromatographic separation was achieved on a narrow-bore C18 column by gradient elution with fluorometric detection; results were confirmed by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). Results: The method was linear over the range of 2–1000 μg/L for whole blood, serum, and vitreous humor, and 0.1–5 mg/L for urine. Extraction recoveries were >70%, imprecision (CV) was 2.5–19%, and analytical recoveries were 95.5–104.4%. The limit of detection (LOD) and the limit of quantification (LOQ) were 0.8 and 2 μg/L, respectively, for whole blood, serum, and vitreous humor, and 2.5 μg/L and 0.1 mg/L, respectively, for urine. Excellent correlations between the quantitative LC-fluorescence and LC-MS/MS results were obtained. We found the following concentrations in a thanatochemical distribution study in rabbits: in serum, 5.3–685 μg/L for MDMA and from the LOQ to 14.5 μg/L for 3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine (MDA); in whole blood, 19.7–710 μg/L for MDMA and from the LOQ to 17.8 μg/L for MDA; in vitreous humor, 12.1–97.8 μg/L for MDMA and from the LOQ to 3.86 μg/L for MDA. In routine toxicological urine samples, concentrations ranged from LOQ to 14.62 mg/L for MDA, from LOQ to 157 mg/L for MDMA, and from LOQ to 32.54 mg/L for MDEA. Conclusions: The HPLC method described is sensitive, specific, and suitable for the determination of MDMA, MDEA, and MDA in whole blood, serum, vitreous humor, and urine.
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Climko, Robert P., Herbert Roehrich, Donald R. Sweeney, and Jamil Al-Razi. "ECSTACY: A Review of MDMA and MDA." International Journal of Psychiatry in Medicine 16, no. 4 (December 1987): 359–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.2190/dcrp-u22m-aumd-d84h.

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The Drug Enforcement Administration classified the drug methylenedioxymeth-amphetamine, MDMA, also known as Ecstacy, as a Schedule I controlled substance on July 1, 1985. The controversy surrounding the classification of MDMA is related to the question of its efficacy as an adjunct to psychotherapy and the larger issue of how to regulate the production and use of designer drugs. The authors review the literature on MDMA and its predecessor, MDA, a substance that differs from MDMA by one methyl group.
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Kunsman, G. W., B. Levine, J. J. Kuhlman, R. L. Jones, R. O. Hughes, C. I. Fujiyama, and M. L. Smith. "MDA-MDMA Concentrations in Urine Specimens*." Journal of Analytical Toxicology 20, no. 7 (November 1, 1996): 517–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jat/20.7.517.

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Abraham, T. T., A. J. Barnes, R. H. Lowe, E. A. Kolbrich Spargo, G. Milman, S. O. Pirnay, D. A. Gorelick, R. S. Goodwin, and M. A. Huestis. "Urinary MDMA, MDA, HMMA, and HMA Excretion Following Controlled MDMA Administration to Humans." Journal of Analytical Toxicology 33, no. 8 (October 1, 2009): 439–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jat/33.8.439.

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Kumazawa, Takeshi, Kenji Hara, Chika Hasegawa, Seisaku Uchigasaki, Xiao-Pen Lee, Hiroshi Seno, Osamu Suzuki, and Keizo Sato. "Fragmentation Pathways of Trifluoroacetyl Derivatives of Methamphetamine, Amphetamine, and Methylenedioxyphenylalkylamine Designer Drugs by Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry." International Journal of Spectroscopy 2011 (August 22, 2011): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2011/318148.

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Methamphetamine (MA), amphetamine (AM), and the methylenedioxyphenylalkylamine designer drugs, such as 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA), 3,4-methylenedioxyethylamphetamine (MDEA), N-methyl-1-(3,4-methylenedioxyphenyl)-2-butanamine (MBDB), 3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine (MDA), and 3,4-(methylenedioxyphenyl)-2-butanamine (BDB), are widely abused as psychedelics. In this paper, these compounds were derivatized with trifluoroacetic (TFA) anhydride and analyzed by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry using electron ionization in positive mode. Gas chromatographic separation for TFA derivatives of all compounds was successfully resolved using an Equity-5 fused silica capillary column with a poly (5% diphenyl-95% dimethylsiloxane) stationary phase. Base peaks or prominent peaks of MA, AM, MDMA, MDEA, MBDB, MDA, and BDB appeared at m/z 154, 140, 154, 168, 168, 135, and 135, respectively. These occurred due to α-cleavage from the amide nitrogen, splitting into the TFA imine species and benzyl or methylenedioxybenzyl cations. Further prominent fragment ions at m/z 118 for MA and AM, m/z 162 for MDMA, MDEA, and MDA, and m/z 176 for MBDB and BDB were produced by cleavage of the phenylpropane or methylenedioxypropane hydrocarbon radical cation via a hydrogen rearrangement. These fragmentation pathways for the TFA derivatives of all the compounds are summarized and illustrated in this paper.
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Cassidy, Geraldine, and Clive G. Ballard. "Psychiatric sequelae of MDMA (ecstasy) and related drugs." Irish Journal of Psychological Medicine 11, no. 3 (September 1994): 132–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0790966700014841.

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AbstractTwo cases of psychiatric disorder temporally related to the abuse of hallucinogenic amphetamines 3, 4 methylenedi-oxymethamphetamine (MDMA), methylenedioxyamphetamine (MDA) and methylenedioxyethylamphetamine (MDEA) are described, suggesting that a variety of psychiatric morbidity may be precipitated by abuse of these drugs, including paranoid psychosis, mixed affective psychosis and symptoms of obsessive compulsive disorder.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "MDMA"

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Wieliczko, Monika J. "Psychological effects of MDMA." Thesis, Canterbury Christ Church University, 2016. http://create.canterbury.ac.uk/14928/.

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Zinberg's Interaction Model implies that the content of a drug-induced experience is a function of the pharmacological properties of the drug, the set (the user’s characteristics e.g. motivation and personality), and the setting (the physical and social context). The current research investigated the function of the set and setting and their role in shaping the psychological effects of 3,4-methylenedioxmethamphetamine (MDMA), as well as their role in reducing the risk of drug abuse. An online survey was distributed among adult MDMA polydrug users (n = 158) and MDMA-naïve controls (alcohol, nicotine and cannabis users, n = 138). Participants answered questions regarding their pattern of drug use, their motivation for MDMA use and the setting (e.g. clubbing, home with friends), as well as the subjective effects of MDMA. Participants also completed a range of self-report measures of self-reflection and insight, emotional intelligence, and personality, as well as a drug dependency measure. MDMA users displayed higher levels of self-reflection and insight, openness to new experience and lower levels of neuroticism and conscientiousness, in comparison to the control group. The significant predictors of self-reflection and insight were openness, emotional intelligence, MDMA use, extraversion and neuroticism. When the analysis was rerun only for the MDMA group, the significant predictors of self-reflection and insight were openness, emotional intelligence and self-insight effects of MDMA. High levels of self-reported negative effects of MDMA were predictors of a problematic drug use. These findings suggest that there might be a relationship between MDMA use and higher levels of self-reflection and insight; however, longitudinal studies are required to further investigate the causality of this relationship. The results add to existing evidence that MDMA has potential for altering emotional experiences. Further research utilising a prospective design is warranted.
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Anneken, John H. "Glutamate and MDMA Neurobehavioral Toxicity." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2012. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1353342344.

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Cormick, Justin. "Isotope ratio analysis of 3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine (MDA) and 3,4-methylenedioxymethylamphetamine (MDMA) synthesised from helional." Thesis, Griffith University, 2022. http://hdl.handle.net/10072/415810.

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Illicit drug profiling describes the applications of chemical or physical drug profiles to areas such as law enforcement and legislation. Stable isotope analysis by stable isotope ratio mass spectrometry (IRMS) has become a useful tool for illicit drug profiling purposes. The following research was focused on the illicit drug profiling of 3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine (MDA) and 3,4-methylenedioxmethylamphetamine (MDMA) by IRMS. Following an extensive literature review, it was surmised that the illicit drug profiling of MDMA (and a lesser extent MDA) by IRMS was complicated. Previous research suggested that stable isotopic compositions of MDA/MDMA may not be characteristic of the synthetic history. Traditional precursors for these drugs have similar, plant-based origins and similar isotopic compositions. The changes to isotopic compositions during the synthesis of MDA/MDMA made it difficult to establish links back to specific precursors. The control of traditional precursors has seen illicit manufacturing utilise alternative compounds. Helional has emerged as a novel precursor for MDA and MDMA, and although recently legislated against in Queensland, Australia, remains largely uncontrolled in many other jurisdictions. The aim of this research was to investigate further the analysis of MDA and MDMA by IRMS, with particular focus on the alternative precursor helional. This was performed with the following individual aims: 1. To investigate the δ2H, δ13C and δ18O composition variation in traditional and alternative MDA/MDMA precursors available in Queensland, Australia including the novel precursor helional. 2. To investigate the δ13C and δ15N composition variation in nitrogen sources used for the synthesis of MDA and MDMA. 3. To investigate the synthesis of MDA and MDMA from helional, and characterisation to determine what, if any isotopic changes occur during each stage of synthesis. 4. To investigate the HCl salt precipitation of MDA and MDMA and to determine what, if any isotopic changes occur during this process. A survey of traditional and alternative precursors and pre-precursors, from which MDA/MDMA can be produced, found a greater variation in stable isotope ratios than previously reported. Of particular interest were samples found with δ13C values more negative than traditional precursors, including helional (between –32.47 and –32.21‰) and 3,4-methylenedioxyphenyl-2-propanone (MDP2P) prepared from the methyl-glycidate masking group (methyl-3-[3,4- (methylenedioxy)phenyl]-2-methyl-glycidate (MMDMG)) (–31.39‰). A survey of ATS nitrogen sources by IRMS was also conducted. Much greater variation was found in the δ15N compositions for the alternative nitrogen sources nitromethane (–37.21 to – 0.10‰) and hydroxylamine (–97.87 to +2.19‰). Hydroxylamine is utilised in the production of MDA from helional, and can itself be produced from nitromethane. Changes to stable isotope ratios from precursors and nitrogen sources to MDA and MDMA, and during the HCl salt precipitation, were next investigated. One pathway from helional to MDP2P was investigated via an enamine intermediate, and from MDP2P to MDMA by reductive amination. From helional to MDA two methods were investigated, both proceeding through an amide intermediate. Minimal change was observed in δ13C composition from helional to MDA and MDMA, however, isotopic changes occurred in δ2H, δ15N and δ18O compositions. During the HCl salt precipitation minimal change was seen in δ13C and δ18O composition. When multiple precipitations of the HCl salt were collected, changes occurred to δ2H and δ15N values. If high yields of MDA/MDMA were collected as the HCl salt and homogenised, this isotopic fractionation is expected to be reduced. These results have implications to the illicit drug profiling of MDA and MDMA by IRMS. With minimal changes to δ13C composition, this element may provide limited information about the synthetic history of a sample, especially when MDA or MDMA was prepared from alternative precursors with more negative δ13C values. Changes observed in δ2H, δ15N and δ18O values suggest that these elements may be more useful in characterising batch-to-batch variations between MDA or MDMA samples.
Thesis (PhD Doctorate)
Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)
School of Environment and Sc
Science, Environment, Engineering and Technology
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Bósio, Graziela Costa. "Contribuição individual dos enatiômeros isolados da 3,4-metilenodioximetanfetamina (MDMA) comparativamente com a mistura racêmica no estresse oxidativo hepático, renal e estriatal de ratos." Universidade de São Paulo, 2012. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/9/9141/tde-19062013-160903/.

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A 3,4-metilenodioximetanfetamina (MDMA, ecstasy), derivada da anfetamina, é uma droga largamente utilizada para fins recreacionais devido à sensação de euforia, energia e desejo de socialização. Apesar de ter a reputação de ser uma droga segura, um número crescente de relatos clínicos e estudos experimentais indica que a MDMA pode produzir toxicidade no SNC, rim, fígado e coração. Embora esteja contida nos comprimidos de ecstasy como racemato (uma mistura de 50% de seus enantiômeros), sua biotransformação é enantioseletiva; em ratos, o enantiômero R é biotransformado mais rapidamente que o S. Como a biotransformação de MDMA é capaz de produzir metabólitos reativos, muito provavelmente, a forma R tenha um maior potencial para gerar ERO/ERN e dano oxidativo nos tecidos do que a forma S. Nos seres humanos ocorre o inverso. Portanto, o presente trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar a contribuição individual de cada enantiômero da MDMA isoladamente, tendo como referência a mistura racêmica, no estresse oxidativo hepático renal e estriatal de ratos. Ratos Wistar machos adultos (180-220g) foram divididos em quatro grupos: controle (salina), MDMA racêmico, R-MDMA e S-MDMA. (2 doses consecutivas de 10 mg/kg no intervalo de 24h, gavage). Parâmetros de estresse oxidativo serão utilizados como a medida da formação de malonaldeído, a determinação de níveis de glutationa reduzida e a atividade da glutationa-S-transferase. Os enantiômeros da MDMA racêmica foram separados por meio da cromatografia em fase líquida de alta eficiência em fase estacionária quiral. Os enantiômeros obtidos mostraram um alto grau de pureza e um bom rendimento. Nossos resultados mostraram que o conteúdo hepático de glutationa total dos ratos do grupo R,S-MDMA e do grupo R-MDMA, foi significativamente menor do que os do controle e os do S-MDMA, revelando que é o enantiômero R que contribui para a depleção de glutationa hepática induzida pela mistura racêmica. A alta reatividade do enantiômero R no fígado também pode ser constatada nos animais tratados apenas com R-MMDA, uma vez que houve uma produção significativamente aumentada de MDA, comparativamente aos outros grupos tratados e o controle. O conteúdo renal de glutationa total foi significantemente menor para todos os grupos tratados quando comparados com o controle. Com relação ao estriado, apenas os animais tratados com o isômero S isoladamente mostraram uma queda significativa da atividade da GST em comparação aos demais grupos tratados e controle. Tomando todos esses dados em conjunto, esse trabalho mostrou que os enantiômeros isolados da MDMA podem atuar de formas distintas no que se refere ao estado redox, principalmente no fígado, uma vez que o isômero R foi o que mais contribuiu para um dano oxidativo.
MDMA (3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine) is an amphetamine derivate that is largely used for recreational purpose due to its feeling of euphoria, energy and the desire to socialize. Although MDMA has the reputation of being safe, a growing number of clinical reports and experimental studies indicate that MDMA can produce toxicity in the CNS, kidney, liver and heart.Although MDMA is present in ecstasy tablets as a racemate (a 50% mixture of its enantiomer) it has an enantioselective metabolism; in rats, the S-enantiomer is metabolized faster than the R-enantiomer and it is the more active pharmacological form. As the MDMA biotransformation can produce reactive metabolites, probably the R form has a greater potential to generate ROS / ERN and oxidative damage in tissues than the S. In humans, the opposite occurs. Therefore, this aim of the present study was to evaluate the individual contribution of single MDMA enantiomers, compared to racemic mixture in liver, kidney and striatal rats oxidative stress. Adult male Wistar rats (180- 220g) will be divided into four groups: control treatment (saline), racemic MDMA, R-MDMA and S-MDMA (two consecutive doses 24h apart with 10mg/kg, gavage). Oxidative stress status parameters will be used to measure malondialdehyde formation, the reduced glutathione levels determination and the glutathione-S-transferase activity. The enantiomers of racemic MDMA were separated by liquid chromatography high-efficiency chiral stationary phase. The enantiomers showed a high degree of purity and a good recovery. Our results showed that the total glutathione content in liver of rats in R,S-MDMA and R-MDMA group was significantly lower than the control and S-MDMA, revealing that the R-enantiomer that contributes to hepatic glutathione depletion induced by the racemic mixture. The high reactivity of the R enantiomer in the liver can also be observed in animals treated with R-MMDA, since there was a significantly increased production of MDA, compared with other treated and control groups. The total glutathione content in kidney was significantly lower for all treated groups compared with control. With respect to the striatum, only animals treated with the S isomer alone showed a significant decrease in GST activity compared to other treatment and control groups. Taking all these data together, this study shows that the isolated enantiomers of MDMA can act differently with regard to the redox state, mainly in the liver, since the R isomer was the largest contributor to oxidative damage.
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Christian, Michael. "Exploring MDMA and its therapeutic potential." Honors in the Major Thesis, University of Central Florida, 2012. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETH/id/672.

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The clinical application of MDMA has long been an issue of great interest for doctors, counselors, researchers, and users alike. Originally synthesized by a pharmaceutical company and subsequently tested on military personnel, the drug was then used by many clinicians and physicians prior to the DEA's strict regulation of the drug, which began in the mid 1980s (Mithoefer et al, 2010). The DEA has classified MDMA a "Schedule 1" drug, which means that it among the most controlled substances, a fact which has hindered the progress of research. For a detailed explanation of the DEA's scheduling of controlled substances, please refer to appendix A. Exception was made to this restriction, however, in 2003 when the US government permitted one organization, the Multidisciplinary Association for Psychedelic Studies ("MAPS," for short), to conduct studies wherein the drug was to be administered to human participants in a clinically controlled experimental environment--a setting which allows for many of the most prevalent confounds found in MDMA research to be minimized and, in some cases, eliminated (Mithoefer et al., 2007; Mithoefer et al, 2010; MAPS.org, 2012). Though MAPS' studies are only just beginning, they have already had promising results in treating protracted cases of PTSD. These recent developments in MDMA research and the results of the subsequent studies have piqued the interest of academics and advocates alike as well as motive numerous other organizations to lend their support to the MAPS organization. This literature review aims to provide an overview of past and present paradigms within the body of MDMA research in order to provide an informational framework within which the recent works regarding the drug's therapeutic merit can be adequately examined.
B.S.
Bachelors
Sciences
Psychology
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Bhide, Nirmal S. "Tolerance to MDMA-induced serotonergic neurotoxicity." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2010. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1267719790.

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Costa, José Luiz da. "Determinação de 3,4-metilenodioximetanfetamina (MDMA - Ecstasy), 3,4-metilenodioxietilanfetamina (MDEA - Eve) e 3,4-metilenodioxianfetamina (MDA) em fluidos biológicos por cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência: aspecto forense." Universidade de São Paulo, 2004. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/9/9141/tde-11032005-190039/.

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Em todo o mundo é crescente o uso drogas de abuso sintéticas conhecidas com designer drugs. Os principais representantes desta classe são o Ecstasy ou 3,4-metilenodioximetanfetamina (MDMA) e o Eve ou 3,4-metilenodioxietilanfetamina (MDEA), substâncias com efeitos estimulantes e alucinógenos. No Brasil é crescente sua divulgação pela mídia e o uso recreacional tem sido constatado em vários pacientes que buscam tratamento nas clínicas para dependentes. O presente trabalho constitui validação de metodologia analítica para o diagnóstico laboratorial do uso de MDMA, MDEA e seu produto de biotransformação, o 3,4-metilenodioxianfetamina (MDA), em sangue total e urina, por cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência com detecção por fluorescência. Os métodos desenvolvidos mostraram boa linearidade, precisão, exatidão, rendimento e capacidade de detectar os analitos mesmos quando presentes em baixas concentrações, o que permite sua aplicação na verificação da intoxicação aguda quanto no uso recreacional destas drogas de abuso.
There is a worldwide increase in the use of the synthetic drugs of abuse known as designer drugs. The main representatives of this class are Ecstasy or 3,4-methylenodioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) and Eve or 3,4- methylenodioxyethylamphetamine (MDEA), substances with stimulant and hallucinogenic effects. In Brazil media coverage of them is on the increase and their recreational is in evidence by the growing numbers of patients who seek treatment at drug treatment centers. This paper validates the analytical methodology for the laboratory diagnosis of the use of MDMA, MDEA and their product of biotransformation, 3,4-methylenodioxyamphetamine (MDA), in whole blood and urine by high performance liquid chromatography with fluorescence. The developed methods showed good linearity, precision, accuracy, yield and capacity to detect analytes even when present in low concentrations, which enables its application in cases high intoxication as well as in cases of the recreational use of these drugs of abuse.
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Yubero, Lahoz Samanta 1985. "MDMA pharmacology in humans and serotonergic effects." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/145481.

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3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA, ecstasy) is one of the most abused recreational drugs in the world. It has been extensively reported that this drug inhibits its own metabolism by inhibiting a polymorphic liver enzyme, CYP2D6, which is responsible for the clearance of one quarter of drugs used in therapeutics. This phenomenon has important clinical implications, since MDMA users display a higher prevalence of psychopathology, particularly of mood disorders, compared to control population. Importantly, these psychiatric diseases are treated with drugs most of them substrate of this enzyme. In addition, it is not elucidated how MDMA is still metabolically cleared even after repeated drug doses. Therefore, the first part of this thesis was focused on studying the metabolic autoinhibition by MDMA assessing several liver enzyme activities in men and women. Although MDMA pharmacology is well established, is it still not clear which is the mechanism of action of the drug. MDMA interacts with the serotonergic system at several levels, but nowadays is technically difficult to study the serotonergic function in living human brain. Imaging methods are limited by a number of factors. Thus, it would be advantageous to have a reliable peripheral index of the serotonergic activity in the blood. The second part of this thesis presents the development of several approaches aimed to assess whether the serotonin transporter in platelets can be used as a peripheral biomarker for central serotonergic activity, and determine if it plays any role in drug mechanism of action.
La 3,4-metilendioximetanfetamina (MDMA, èxtasi) és una de les drogues més consumides al món. Aquesta droga inhibeix el seu propi metabolisme, inhibint un enzim polimòrfic del fetge, el CYP2D6, que és el responsable de l’eliminació d’una quarta part dels medicaments. Aquest fet té implicacions clíniques rellevants, ja que els consumidors de MDMA presenten una prevalença de psicopatologia més alta respecte a la població no consumidora, i moltes de la patologies psiquiàtriques es tracten amb fàrmacs substrats d’aquest enzim. A més, encara no s’ha discernit com aquesta droga pot ser eliminada de l’organisme, inclús després d’haver-ne consumit dosis de manera repetida. Així doncs, la primera part d’aquesta tesi es centra en estudiar l’autoinhibició de la MDMA determinant l’activitat de diferents enzims del fetge, en homes i dones. Encara que la farmacologia de la MDMA està descrita a fons, no està del tot clar quin és el seu mecanisme d’acció. La MDMA interactua amb el sistema serotonèrgic de diverses maneres, però avui en dia és molt difícil estudiar tècnicament el sistema serotonèrgic en el cervell humà. Les tècniques d’imatge estan limitades per molts factors, i per tant, seria molt útil tenir un índex perifèric a la sang de l’activitat serotonèrgica al sistema nerviós central. La segona part d’aquest tesi s’enfoca en el desenvolupament de tècniques per determinar a diferents nivells si el transportador de la serotonina a les plaquetes podria ser un bon biomarcador perifèric de la seva activitat al cervell, i d’aquesta manera veure si el sistema serotonèrgic està implicat en el mecanisme d’acció de la MDMA.
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Lebsanft, Heike Birgit. "MDMA ("Ecstasy") in Tiermodellen des Morbus Parkinson." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2004. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=972748601.

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ABLE, JESSICA ANN. "MDMA ADMINISTRATION AFFECTS COGNITION IN THE RAT." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2006. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1147890602.

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Books on the topic "MDMA"

1

MDMA (éxtasis). Johnstown, PA: National Drug Intelligence Center, U.S. Dept. of Justice, 2005.

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MDMA (ecstasy). Johnstown, PA: National Drug Intelligence Center, U.S. Dept. of Justice, 2003.

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Ecstasy: The MDMA story. 2nd ed. Berkeley, CA: Ronin Pub., 1994.

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Ecstasy: The MDMA story. Berkeley, Calif: Ronin Pub., 1989.

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Eisner, Bruce. Extasis: La historia del MDMA. Barcelona: Ediciones Obelisco, 1995.

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MDMA, o, El extasis químico. Barcelona: Libros de la Liebre de Marzo, 1995.

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Fran, Bissett, and National Youth Federation (Ireland), eds. Ecstacy and young people. Dublin: Irish Youth Work Press in association with the Health Promotion Unit of the Department of Health, 1997.

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1948-, Rosenbaum Marsha, ed. Pursuit of ecstasy: The MDMA experience. Albany: State University of New York Press, 1994.

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Inc, Icon Group International, and NetLibrary Inc, eds. The official patient's sourcebook on MDMA dependence. San Diego, Calif: Icon Health Publications, 2002.

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Atkins, A. D. Ecstasy: Sorted & on one. [London]: A.D. Atkins, 1995.

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Book chapters on the topic "MDMA"

1

Morgan, Michael M., MacDonald J. Christie, Thomas Steckler, Ben J. Harrison, Christos Pantelis, Christof Baltes, Thomas Mueggler, et al. "MDMA." In Encyclopedia of Psychopharmacology, 751. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-68706-1_5002.

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Hermle, Leopold, and Felix Schuldt. "MDMA." In Handbuch Psychoaktive Substanzen, 551–65. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-55125-3_25.

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Hermle, Leopold, and Felix Schuldt. "MDMA." In Handbuch Psychoaktive Substanzen, 1–20. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-55214-4_25-1.

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McGregor, Iain S., Paul D. Callaghan, and Murray R. Thompson. "Methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA)." In Encyclopedia of Psychopharmacology, 953–58. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-36172-2_154.

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Morgan, Michael M., MacDonald J. Christie, Thomas Steckler, Ben J. Harrison, Christos Pantelis, Christof Baltes, Thomas Mueggler, et al. "Methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA)." In Encyclopedia of Psychopharmacology, 758–62. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-68706-1_154.

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McGregor, Iain S., Paul D. Callaghan, and Murray R. Thompson. "Methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA)." In Encyclopedia of Psychopharmacology, 1–7. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-27772-6_154-2.

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Freye, Enno. "Pharmacokinetics of MDMA." In Pharmacology and Abuse of Cocaine, Amphetamines, Ecstasy and Related Designer Drugs, 161–72. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-90-481-2448-0_25.

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Shulgin, Alexander T. "History of MDMA." In Topics in the Neurosciences, 1–20. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-1485-1_1.

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Rupprecht, Michael. "Die MDMA-Architektur." In Teubner-Texte zur Informatik, 149–78. Wiesbaden: Vieweg+Teubner Verlag, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-322-93436-9_7.

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Buckley, Nicholas A. "Methylenedioxymethamphetamine (Ecstasy, MDMA)." In Medical Toxicology of Drug Abuse, 126–55. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118105955.ch9.

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Conference papers on the topic "MDMA"

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Mahdy, Tarek, Abdulaziz Al-Sulaiti, Yasser Abdelqader, Abdelrahman Fikry, Gaffar Hag, and Mohammad I. Ahmad. "A Validated and Applicable Direct Injection LC/MS/MS Method of Fourteen Drugs of Abuse in Urine Samples to Avoid the False Positive/Negative Results of Immunoassay Techniques in Forensic Cases." In Qatar University Annual Research Forum & Exhibition. Qatar University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.29117/quarfe.2020.0146.

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Many false positive and false negative results have been detected in immunoassay analyses of drugs of abuse in urine samples. A method of direct injection of diluted urine into LC/MS/MS was developed and validated for detection and quantitation of Amphetamine, Methamphetamine, MDMA, MDA, Benzoylecgonine, Ecgonine, Norpseudoephedrine, Ephedrine, Tapentadol, Tramadol, O-desmethyltramadol, Tapentadol, Pregabline, Gabapentine and Methadone to avoid the false positive and false negative results in urine samples. Linearity of Amphetamine, Methamphetamine MDMA, MDA, Benzoylecgonine, Ecgonine, Norpseudoephedrine and Ephedrine was (60-2400ng/mL), for Tapentadol, Tramadol, O-desmethyltramadol, and Methadone was (50-1600 ng/mL), and for Pregabline and Gabapentine was (100-4000ng/mL) and r2 ˃ 0.992 for all analysts. A 440 urine samples have been analyzed using both immunoassay technique and LC/MS/MS by direct injection method giving a good comparison to illustrate how this method was specific, accurate, precise, and applicable for forensic urine samples
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"REAGUDIZACIÓN PSICÓTICA ASOCIADA AL CONSUMO DE MDMA: A PROPÓSITO DE UN CASO." In 23° Congreso de la Sociedad Española de Patología Dual (SEPD) 2021. SEPD, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.17579/sepd2021p046v.

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1. Objetivos: MDMA (3,4-metilendioximetanfetamina), comúnmente conocida como “éxtasis”, es una droga habitualmente usada en ambiente lúdico. Sus efectos tóxicos a nivel del SNC son ampliamente conocidos, habiéndose demostrado particularmente el daño que se produce sobre el sistema serotoninérgico. Como consecuencia de esta toxicidad se ha reportado la aparición de psicopatología diversa, tanto aguda como crónica. El objetivo de este trabajo es presentar un caso clínico en el que se muestran los efectos que puede causar el consumo de MDMA en pacientes diagnosticados de esquizofrenia. 2. Material y métodos: Se realizó una revisión no sistemática mediante búsqueda bibliográfica en las principales bases de datos, así como el estudio del caso. 3. Resultados y conclusiones: Varón de 44 años, en seguimiento por Salud Mental desde hace más de 20 años, diagnosticado de Esquizofrenia, en tratamiento con pailperidona inyectable. En cuanto a los hábitos tóxicos, destacan el consumo de cannabis habitual así como el de MDMA esporádico. No otros antecedentes de interés. Ingresa en Unidad de Hospitalización Breve Psiquiátrica por presentar descompensación psicótica (ideación delirante mística y alucinaciones auditivas) tras consumo de MDMA. Tras ajuste de tratamiento y abstinencia a tóxicos, cede la sintomatología. Tras el alta, presenta nuevo episodio en contexto de recaída en el consumo. Actualmente persiste consumo de cannabis, pero ha cedido el de MDMA, manteniéndose estable a nivel psicopatológico. Si bien los trastornos psiquiátricos asociados con más frecuencia al consumo de “éxtasis” son los trastornos de ansiedad y depresivos, la aparición de sintomatología psicótica tras su consumo se ha descrito en pacientes sin antecedentes psiquiátricos y en aquellos diagnosticados de alguna patología mental. Destacar también el posible efecto aditivo en consumidores de cannabis y MDMA. Se hace necesario, por tanto, un estudio más exhaustivo para entender los efectos que produce el consumo de MDMA a corto y largo plazo.
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Agurto, Carla, Raquel Norel, Rachel Ostrand, Gillinder Bedi, Harriet de Wit, Matthew J. Baggott, Matthew G. Kirkpatrick, Margaret Wardle, and Guillermo A. Cecchi. "Phonological Markers of Oxytocin and MDMA Ingestion." In Interspeech 2017. ISCA: ISCA, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.21437/interspeech.2017-621.

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"EFECTOS DE LA NOMIFENSINA SOBRE LA INFLUENCIA DEL ESTRÉS SOCIAL EN LAS PROPIEDADES REFORZANTES DE LA MDMA O ÉXTASIS." In 23° Congreso de la Sociedad Española de Patología Dual (SEPD) 2021. SEPD, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.17579/sepd2021p002s.

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Objetivos: El trastorno por déficit de atención e hiperactividad es uno de los trastornos más diagnosticados en niños, adolescentes y adultos jóvenes. El mecanismo de acción de los fármacos utilizados para combatir sus síntomas se basa en la inhibición de la recaptación de neurotransmisores como la dopamina o la norepinefrina. Por otra parte, es sabido que el consumo de MDMA o éxtasis es altamente prevalente y estudios en modelos animales han demostrado que el efecto reforzante de esta droga puede variar tras la experimentación de estés social agudo o repetido. Así, el objetivo de nuestro trabajo será demostrar si un tratamiento con nomifensina (fármaco que inhibe la recaptación de diferentes neurotransmisores implicados en la atención y conducta motora) tendrá influencia sobre los efectos que el estrés social ha demostrado en las propiedades reforzantes de la MDMA. Material y métodos: Un total de 50 ratones OF1 fueron pretratados con nomifensina durante 10 días. Inmediatamente después, los animales fueron divididos en dos grupos. Uno de ellos sufrió la experiencia de derrota social aguda (DSA) y el otro de derrota social repetida (DSR). En el primer caso se evaluó inmediatamente el efecto de DSA sobre los efectos reforzantes de la MDMA (1 mg/kg) utilizando el paradigma de condicionamiento de lugar (CPL). El efecto de la DSR se evaluó 3 semanas más tarde. Los grupos controles siguieron el mismo procedimiento, pero sin experiencia de estrés. Resultados y conclusiones: Los resultados indicaron que el pretratamiento con nomifensina no tuvo ninguna influencia sobre los efectos que la DSA provoca en el efecto reforzante de la MDMA. En cambio, este fármaco revierte el efecto de la DSR en animales controles sugiriendo que este tratamiento induce a largo plazo un proceso de neuroadaptación haciendo a los animales menos responsivos a la MDMA.
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"EFECTOS DE LA NOMIFENSINA SOBRE LA INFLUENCIA DEL ESTRÉS SOCIAL EN LAS PROPIEDADES REFORZANTES DE LA MDMA O ÉXTASIS." In 23° Congreso de la Sociedad Española de Patología Dual (SEPD) 2021. SEPD, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.17579/sepd2021p002v.

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Objetivos: El trastorno por déficit de atención e hiperactividad es uno de los trastornos más diagnosticados en niños, adolescentes y adultos jóvenes. El mecanismo de acción de los fármacos utilizados para combatir sus síntomas se basa en la inhibición de la recaptación de neurotransmisores como la dopamina o la norepinefrina. Por otra parte, es sabido que el consumo de MDMA o éxtasis es altamente prevalente y estudios en modelos animales han demostrado que el efecto reforzante de esta droga puede variar tras la experimentación de estés social agudo o repetido. Así, el objetivo de nuestro trabajo será demostrar si un tratamiento con nomifensina (fármaco que inhibe la recaptación de diferentes neurotransmisores implicados en la atención y conducta motora) tendrá influencia sobre los efectos que el estrés social ha demostrado en las propiedades reforzantes de la MDMA. Material y métodos: Un total de 50 ratones OF1 fueron pretratados con nomifensina durante 10 días. Inmediatamente después, los animales fueron divididos en dos grupos. Uno de ellos sufrió la experiencia de derrota social aguda (DSA) y el otro de derrota social repetida (DSR). En el primer caso se evaluó inmediatamente el efecto de DSA sobre los efectos reforzantes de la MDMA (1 mg/kg) utilizando el paradigma de condicionamiento de lugar (CPL). El efecto de la DSR se evaluó 3 semanas más tarde. Los grupos controles siguieron el mismo procedimiento, pero sin experiencia de estrés. Resultados y conclusiones: Los resultados indicaron que el pretratamiento con nomifensina no tuvo ninguna influencia sobre los efectos que la DSA provoca en el efecto reforzante de la MDMA. En cambio, este fármaco revierte el efecto de la DSR en animales controles sugiriendo que este tratamiento induce a largo plazo un proceso de neuroadaptación haciendo a los animales menos responsivos a la MDMA.
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Nikoomanesh, K., J. Choi, and S. Arabian. "Methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) Overdose at Rave Parties, a Case Series." In American Thoracic Society 2019 International Conference, May 17-22, 2019 - Dallas, TX. American Thoracic Society, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1164/ajrccm-conference.2019.199.1_meetingabstracts.a4830.

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Alvarez, Jose Oliverio, and Ashok Santra. "Continuous Monitoring of Drilling Mud Properties Through Novel Microwave Apparatus." In SPE Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition. SPE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/210125-ms.

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Abstract During drilling operations, encountering highly pressurized brine zones or low-pressure zones can alter the amount of brine in an oil-based mud, also known as oil-brine-ratio (OBR). Thus, monitoring the OBR is an important measurement to determine any changes in the formation pressure. A non-intrusive microwave drilling mud analyzer (MDMA) for real-time oil-brine-ratio measurements was designed, built, and tested on drilling muds performed. The MDMA uses a vector network analyzer to measure the reflection (S11) and transmission (S21) spectra of drilling muds. The initial design concept consisted of a pair of waveguides whose ends face each other and are placed on the inner surface of the pipe. The waveguides have a diameter similar to the main pipe and are filled with specific low loss materials with dielectric value near that of the fluid in the pipe. Based on the initial design, an optimized prototype was designed and built. The improved design increases bandwidth by adding tapered ridges to the original cylindrical waveguide and optimizes the feed details to maintain an impedance match to the feed connectors. Results on drilling muds shows a high sensitivity to brine content, which can be inverted to have high accuracy OBR values. In addition, the MDMA showed also high sensitivity to water dilution and to an increase in solids content
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Gosav, Steluta, Adelina Ion, and Mirela Praisler. "DFT characterization of MDMA methylene homologue, a chemical compound with psychoactive properties." In 10th Jubilee International Conference of the Balkan Physical Union. Author(s), 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.5091392.

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"ESPIRITUALIDAD, DROGAS Y PSICOSIS: A PROPÓSITO DE UN CASO." In 23° Congreso de la Sociedad Española de Patología Dual (SEPD) 2021. SEPD, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.17579/sepd2021p155v.

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OBJETIVOS: En este caso clínico se establece como objetivo estudiar y establecer cómo las drogas influyen en el desarrollo de un episodio psicótico en un paciente de 24 años de edad, consumidor de múltiples tóxicos (cocaína, speed, MDMA, setas, psilocybes, cannabis, tabaco y alcohol), sin antecedentes psiquiátricos previos. MATERIAL Y MÉTODOS Se plantea y se analizan los resultados clínicos tras inicio del tratamiento psicofarmacológico y abordaje psicoterapéutico, atendiendo a la sintomatología psicótica y afectiva. Es interesante la rápida respuesta y remisión de la sintomatología con dosis bajas de antipsicótico oral. RESULTADO Y CONCLUSIONES Paciente varón consumidor de múltiples sustancias (cocaína, speed, MDMA, setas, psilocybes, cannabis, tabaco y alcohol) que presentó un primer episodio psicótico requiriendo ingreso hospitalario. En este episodio, presentaba sintomatología psicótica positiva (ideas delirantes de contenido místico-religioso, ideas de autoreferencia, alucinaciones auditivas y visuales, fenómenos de robo del pensamiento...) con repercusión conductual y afectiva. Al alta mostró un funcionamiento global similar al anterior. Previo al alta se sustituyó el tratamiento antipsicótico oral por inyectable de larga duración. Destaca la buena adherencia y tolerabilidad al tratamiento, así como el abandono mantenido del consumo de sustancias psicoativas.
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Hsiao, Wei-Han, Jing-Jing Su, Zhi-Wen Tang, Jia-Le Yin, and Chia-Chi Huang. "System Capacity and Convergence Rate Evaluation for Downlink Power Control in 5G MDMA Cellular Systems." In 2018 IEEE 5G World Forum (5GWF). IEEE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/5gwf.2018.8517004.

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Reports on the topic "MDMA"

1

Runyon, Todd C. A MDMP for All Seasons: Modifying the MDMP for Success. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, May 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada435830.

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Lozano, Guillermina. Mdm2 Function in Tumorigenesis. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, September 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada384084.

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Borowiec, James A. Regulation of MDM2 Activity by Nucleolin. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, June 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada439277.

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Schembri, Philip, and Jillian Adams. LANL MDMC Member Update: Summer 2020. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), July 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1643904.

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Borowiec, James A. Regulation of MDM2 Activity by Nucleolin. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, June 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada472086.

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Schembri, Philip. LANL Member Update for the 41st MDMC. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), February 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1923626.

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Schembri, Philip, and Jillian O'Neel. MDMi contract discussion and preliminary information for planning. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), October 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1893656.

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Hodgkiss, William S. MDA-1 Data Analysis and Report. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, September 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada306522.

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Castro, Richard G., and Raymond L. Flesner. LANL/UK Mutual Defense Agreement (MDA) Program. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), November 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1055241.

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Hales, Samuel E. COIN Modeling: An MDMP Technique for planning Counter-Insurgency Campaigns. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, May 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada435972.

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