Journal articles on the topic 'MBA CEOs'
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Setiawan, Rahmat, and Lila Gestanti. "CEO Education, Financial Decision and Firm Performance." Jurnal Manajemen Teori dan Terapan | Journal of Theory and Applied Management 11, no. 3 (December 10, 2018): 193. http://dx.doi.org/10.20473/jmtt.v11i3.10133.
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Many previous studies have shown that the number of CEOs holds MBA is still low and less dominating. We analyze the effect of CEOs with MBA degree on funding decision, investment decision and firm performance. Using 38 manufacturing companies that listed on Indonesia stock exchange during 2010-2017 analyzed with multiple linear regression. We find that CEOs with MBA degree significantly have lower interest-bearing debt, higher capital expenditure and higher return on asset than companies with non-MBA CEOs. These research results provide information to shareholders and management of manufacturing companies to consider and provide equal opportunities to hire MM-MBA CEOs.
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Hsu, Hui-Wen. "CEO educational backgrounds and non-GAAP earnings disclosures." Investment Management and Financial Innovations 19, no. 3 (August 19, 2022): 167–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.21511/imfi.19(3).2022.14.
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Non-GAAP earnings have received attention recently. Existing literature suggests CEOs’ educational backgrounds affect the financial reporting quality. Thus, the paper analyzes whether the educational background of CEOs affects the disclosure of non-GAAP earnings. Using logit regression to examine the probability of non-GAAP earnings disclosures, this study finds the coefficient value of MBA is 0.4171, which suggests that CEOs with an MBA degree are more likely to disclose non-GAAP earnings than other CEOs. In addition, the moderating effect of audit committee quality on the association between CEO educational backgrounds and non-GAAP earnings disclosures is investigated. The coefficient value of MBA×ACC_QUA is –2.809, which suggests that audit committee quality negatively moderates a positive association between MBA-holding CEOs and non-GAAP earnings disclosures. By focusing on a company’s non-GAAP earnings, this study contributes to the financial reporting literature. The results provide evidence that CEO education backgrounds and audit committee quality influence firms’ non-GAAP earnings disclosures. AcknowledgmentThe author acknowledges the financial support of the National Science and Technology Council, R.O.C. (Award number MOST 111-2410-H-035-048-).
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Muravyev, Alexander, and Alexandra Zakharova. "CEO education in Russia: First systematic evidence and a research agenda." Russian Management Journal 20, no. 1 (2022): 52–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.21638/spbu18.2022.103.
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We use a novel hand-collected dataset to provide first systematic evidence on CEO education in Russian publicly traded companies over 2009–2020, including its link to other characteristics of CEOs and key attributes of firms. We find that almost all CEOs in Russia have higher education, that PhD degrees are unusually common, while MBA degrees are relatively rare, that CEOs with different levels of education differ among a number of key socio-demographic characteristics and that the appointment of CEOs with various educational levels is systematically related to firm-level attributes, including ownership and governance structure. In particular, PhD CEOs, who are relatively older, are more likely to have prior connections to government and also tend to be chosen by companies with state ownership, while MBA CEOs, who are relatively younger, are more likely to be chosen by companies with foreign ownership. An important implication is that establishing a causal effect of CEO education on firm behavior and performance requires addressing endogeneity problems caused by potential omitted variables at the CEO level and non-random selection of CEOs by different types of firms. The article outlines several areas for future research.
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Miller, Danny, and Xiaowei Xu. "MBA CEOs, Short-Term Management and Performance." Journal of Business Ethics 154, no. 2 (February 2, 2017): 285–300. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10551-017-3450-5.
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Jung, Jiwook, and Taekjin Shin. "Learning Not to Diversify: The Transformation of Graduate Business Education and the Decline of Diversifying Acquisitions." Administrative Science Quarterly 64, no. 2 (March 22, 2018): 337–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0001839218768520.
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Once a preferred strategy, corporate diversification into disparate lines of business has gradually declined in the U.S. over the past several decades. We argue that changes that occurred in a closely related domain—graduate business education—are important in understanding variation in de-diversification across firms. Building on a historical account of the transformation of business education, we explain how the rise of financial economics and agency-theoretic logic in business education changed students’ views about diversification. Nearly 20 years later, these MBA graduates rose to top decision-making positions and put the brakes on diversification. Using data on CEOs who ran 640 large U.S. corporations from 1985 to 2015, we show that CEOs who earned an MBA before the 1970s actively pursued diversification, whereas the next cohort of CEOs, who had been exposed to agency-theoretic logic in financial economics, refrained from it. We also demonstrate that the degree of managerial discretion moderated the effect of the CEO’s MBA education. Our study shows that institutional change in one domain (i.e., business education) contributed to change in another domain (i.e., corporate diversification), albeit with a considerable time lag.
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Sun, Helin, Jia Zhu, Tao Wang, and Yue Wang. "MBA CEOs and corporate social responsibility: Empirical evidence from China." Journal of Cleaner Production 290 (March 2021): 125801. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2021.125801.
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Ghardallou, Wafa. "Corporate Sustainability and Firm Performance: The Moderating Role of CEO Education and Tenure." Sustainability 14, no. 6 (March 17, 2022): 3513. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su14063513.
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The aim of this research is to investigate the impact of corporate sustainability on a firm’s financial performance. It particularly investigates the effectiveness of CEO characteristics as a moderator on corporate social responsibility (CSR)–firm financial performance linkages. This study is unique since it sheds new insight on how a CEO’s attributes may influence the relationship between CSR and financial performance. The evidence so far is sparse, since previous studies have investigated the direct effects of CEO or CSR on corporate performance. We look at a sample of 34 Saudi publicly traded companies from 2015 to 2020. Data on financial, accounting, and sustainability variables are collected from the Bloomberg database and the annual reports of the selected companies. Findings reveal that firms engaged in corporate social responsibility practices tend to have better financial performance. More importantly, it is found that in the moderation relationship of firm financial performance with corporate sustainability, CEO education and tenure act as positive moderators. In particular, results indicate that CEOs having an engineering- or a science-related degree positively affect the relationship between CSR and business performance. The relationship is further enhanced when the CEO holds an MBA. Finally, longer tenured CEOs play a positively moderating role in the association between firm performance and CSR.
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Sannino, Giuseppe, Ferdinando Di Carlo, and Manuela Lucchese. "CEO characteristics and sustainability business model in financial technologies firms." Management Decision 58, no. 8 (March 20, 2020): 1779–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/md-10-2019-1360.
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PurposeThis paper aims to investigate and discover the demographic characteristics of corporate leaders (CEOs) in Fintech sector firms representing the implementation of the sustainable business model. Particularly, the purpose is to identify a benchmark profile of CEOs and to understand which are the main features (e.g. age, tenure, education specification, education level, gender, nationality, years of entrepreneurship, years in financial functions, years in IT functions), giving more opportunity to develop and maintain sustainable business models using innovative platforms.Design/methodology/approachThe research questions are answered through a quali-quantitative methodology using descriptive and statistical approaches. The researchers collected a sample of 100 Fintech firms from the main Fintech firms in 2018 identified by the annual KPMG Report (2019). Thus, the research observed and tested the average level of the major CEO demographic features. Additionally, the paper explored whether these variables have a major probability to affect Fintech leading.FindingsAssuming a relevant part of Fintech firms, the main results of this paper show the relevance of several CEO demographic characteristics. Additionally, the age, the tenure and the presence of an MBA are significant elements in affecting Leading companies.Originality/valueThe paper is novel because it contributes to the literature examining the internal governance and sustainable business model, still not explored. Moreover, this study contributes to identifying the CEO demographic characteristics that foster financial institutions' transition towards sustainable business models.
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Forman, Janis. "Educating European Corporate Communication Professionals for Senior Management Positions." Business Communication Quarterly 68, no. 2 (June 2005): 209–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1080569905276554.
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UCLA’s program in strategic management for European corporate communication professionals provides participants with a concentrated, yet selective, immersion in those management disciplines taught at U.S. business schools, topics that are essential to their work as senior advisors to CEOs and as leaders in the field. The choice of topics represents the close collaboration between the directors of the UCLA and Lugano programs. The UCLA program also encourages the active participation of the professionals by offering an exposure to teaching and classroom communication practices of U.S. business schools that adhere to the case approach to business education and by providing numerous opportunities for participants to present their analyses and application of management topics to their professional roles and responsibilities. Working with European professionals also enables U.S. faculty to reconsider some of their own assumptions about teaching as they train U.S.-based MBA students.
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Burrell, Darrell Norman. "Emerging Options in Doctoral Study in Management for International Executives." Vikalpa: The Journal for Decision Makers 31, no. 3 (July 2006): 13–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0256090920060302.
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University business schools are facing intense criticism that their traditional MBA and other graduate management curriculum fail to teach change management skills, employee development skills, employee recruiting skills, team-building skills, and the importance of ethical behaviour. Due to increasing technology, competition, and workforce diversity, today's leadership decisions are more complex than they were five years ago. The need for today's middle managers, senior managers, vice presidents, COOs, and CEOs to have more advanced leadership education has become critical, but the traditional Ph.D. and even the Doctor of Business Administration (DBA) have not become a recognized and acceptable viable solution. In contrast to the traditional Ph.D. and DBA which is geared towards the engagement of theory and research, the advanced leadership knowledge involved in the Doctor of Management (DM) encompasses advanced leadership training that is practical and focused on leadership's complex impact on improving organizational culture and human resources development. While MBA programmes or the traditional business Ph.D. programmes are focused on finance, accounting, marketing, operations strategy, and quantitative research, DM goes a step further by also considering the importance of developing employees, organizational culture, and teams as a major aspect of strategy execution success. DM looks at management almost in an interdisciplinary way by blending leadership courses that touch on psychology, human resources management, communications, human relations, employee development, organizational behaviour, and traditional management science. While traditional business Ph.D. and DBA programmes focus on skill development in order to effectively manage organizational operations and organizational process, DM focuses on people because without a properly developed and appropriately constituted staff, success will only be limited. For many years, it was assumed that a doctorate degree was not applicable in the international business world. DM is a major departure of tradition by enabling executives to use a combination of pure leadership theory and applied research methods to define, implement, and evaluate the strategies necessary for organizational growth and survival in a 3-4 year programme without having to leave their full-time jobs. DM addresses the question: If the definition of management is getting work done through people, then why are traditional Ph.D. programmes so heavily focused on business and so little on employees and organizational development?
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Singh, Aman Preet, Gopalakrishnan Narayanamurthy, and Divya Bhutiani. "Yahoo! Egregious driving on the information superhighway." CASE Journal 18, no. 1 (September 30, 2021): 34–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/tcj-01-2021-0007.
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Theoretical basis This case draws upon the literature on appropriate leadership behaviors that Yahoo’s Founders or CEOs could have adopted. It discusses the process of environmental analysis that would have an impact on Yahoo!’s strategy. It discusses and depicts the levels of environmental analyzes that Yahoo! as a firm ought to have undertaken in mapping its competitive environment. Further, this case discusses transformational leadership factors and those behavioral traits that exemplify each of these factors. Finally, the four elements of aspiration in discussing future firm direction are identified. These include an appropriate vision translated into a clarifying mission reflected in specific objectives grounded in explicit value statements. Research methodology This case is based on secondary data sources that include official company records, online reports and commentary, newspaper reports, public interviews and books. All such information has been appropriately referenced. Case overview/synopsis Yahoo!, in its 22 years of existence, has demonstrated remarkable tumult. It has witnessed a succession of six CEOs, exhibited a roller coaster trajectory in its stock price and, for the most part of its existence, played “catch-up” with its strategic competitors. It has also struggled to define its core purpose, its industry category and its very essence of being. In early 2016, CEO Marissa Mayer announced that Yahoo! would be willing to sell its core internet business and that its board would “engage on qualified strategic proposals.” However, the board also reiterated that turning around Yahoo! to prosperity continued to remain a top priority. What went wrong, so terribly wrong, with Yahoo! in an otherwise lucrative industry? Does Yahoo! suffer from a fundamental, essential malaise which, if addressed, could restore it to wealth and vibrancy? This case focuses on the period 1994, the inception of Yahoo!, to early 2016. The acquisition of Yahoo! by Verizon, completed in 2017, is not to be considered for purposes of this case study. Complexity academic level This case is particularly suited to be taught in a capstone strategic management course for MBA/Master’s level business students, after they have been exposed to core courses in Marketing, Business Law, Accounting, Supply Chain, Corporate Finance. It may also be taught in an advanced strategy course for undergraduate business students, typically in their final year of study. Finally, this case can be used to teach senior management in executive management programs.
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Giuliani, Elisa. "Why multinational enterprises may be causing more inequality than we think." Multinational Business Review 27, no. 3 (September 16, 2019): 221–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/mbr-10-2018-0068.
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Purpose This paper aims to discuss the ways in which multinational enterprises (MNEs) may contribute to growing inequality. Design/methodology/approach By showing some macroscopic evidence of business-related human rights infringements, this paper claims that the negative impacts of MNEs has been largely overlooked. Findings The extent to which MNEs contribute to income-based inequality through the abnormal accumulation of wealth by chief executive officers (CEOs), top managers and shareholders is known, and almost nothing is known about whether this is connected to MNEs’ track record of human rights infringements. Originality/value This paper suggest that there might be a connection between MNEs’ human rights infringements and the abnormal accumulation of wealth by companies’ CEOs, top managers and shareholders. It calls for more international business research investigating this link.
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Suliman, Abubakr, A. Srinivasa Rao, and Tamer Elewa. "CEO transformational leadership and top management team performance: study from GCC." Measuring Business Excellence 23, no. 1 (March 18, 2019): 63–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/mbe-09-2018-0077.
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Purpose Various research studies have been carried out to study Chief Executive Officers’ (CEOs’) transformational leadership in driving organizational performance and success. Evidence shows that few studies were carried out on CEO transformational leadership and top management team (TMT) performance in Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) region. Thus, this study aims to provide a unique contribution and the first of its kind to examine the CEO leadership–TMT performance link across GCC countries. Design/methodology/approach In this study, the researchers approached 500 employees and 30 CEOs working in 30 different organizations operating in the GCC countries. The firms were selected conveniently from different industries located in the UAE, Saudi Arabia, Kuwait, Oman and Bahrain. The researchers used the PASW (SPSS) program to analyze the data. Findings The findings show that psychological empowerment has no significant role in moderating the transformational leadership – TMT performance relationship. Internal support for innovation plays a significant role in mediating the relationship between transformational leadership and TMT performance. Research limitations/implications The present study has not examined the behavioral aspects of CEO followers. Future research may study behavioral characteristics of the entire TMT. Originality/value This study contributes to body of research that identifies CEO transactional leadership as perceived by the followers was found to be more important in predicting TMT performance than transformational leadership in the context of organizations located in GCC countries. Managerial implications and future research areas are further discussed.
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Cardinaels, Eddy, and Manon Van De Wouw. "Beloningen voor bestuurders en de vergoeding van commissarissen onder de loep." Maandblad Voor Accountancy en Bedrijfseconomie 85, no. 6 (June 1, 2011): 342–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.5117/mab.85.17807.
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Hoge beloningen van bestuurders leiden vaak tot publieke commotie en creëren de vraag naar meer transparante berichtgeving over de hoogte en samenstelling van het inkomen van bestuurders en topmanagers. De code Tabaksblat schrijft daarom strenge richtlijnen voor over hoe zulke beloningen tot stand moeten komen. Over de rol van de commissaris en de hoogte van zijn of haar vergoeding geeft de code weinig concrete adviezen. Deze studie onderzoekt of (te) hoge vergoedingen van commissarissen mogelijk een verklaring kunnen zijn voor overbetaling van bestuursvoorzitters bij beursgenoteerde bedrijven. Resultaten tonen aan dat bestuursvoorzitters een te hoge (excessieve) beloning ontvangen vooral in de vorm van opties en aandelen wanneer commissarissen een (te) hoge vergoeding ontvangen. Van een te hoge (excessieve) beloning of vergoeding is sprake indien deze beloning of vergoeding niet meer economisch te verantwoorden is. Verdere resultaten wijzen in de richting van inefficiënt toezicht omdat de mogelijke overbetaling van bestuursvoorzitters (CEOs) door (te) hoge vergoedingen van de Raad van Commissarissen negatief zijn voor toekomstige bedrijfsresultaten.
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Zhao, Min, Andrew Dick, John V. Forrester, and Colin D. McCaig. "Electric Field–directed Cell Motility Involves Up-regulated Expression and Asymmetric Redistribution of the Epidermal Growth Factor Receptors and Is Enhanced by Fibronectin and Laminin." Molecular Biology of the Cell 10, no. 4 (April 1999): 1259–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1091/mbc.10.4.1259.
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Wounding corneal epithelium establishes a laterally oriented, DC electric field (EF). Corneal epithelial cells (CECs) cultured in similar physiological EFs migrate cathodally, but this requires serum growth factors. Migration depends also on the substrate. On fibronectin (FN) or laminin (LAM) substrates in EF, cells migrated faster and more directly cathodally. This also was serum dependent. Epidermal growth factor (EGF) restored cathodal-directed migration in serum-free medium. Therefore, the hypothesis that EGF is a serum constituent underlying both field-directed migration and enhanced migration on ECM molecules was tested. We used immunofluorescence, flow cytometry, and confocal microscopy and report that 1) EF exposure up-regulated the EGF receptor (EGFR); so also did growing cells on substrates of FN or LAM; and 2) EGFRs and actin accumulated in the cathodal-directed half of CECs, within 10 min in EF. The cathodal asymmetry of EGFR and actin staining was correlated, being most marked at the cell–substrate interface and showing similar patterns of asymmetry at various levels through a cell. At the cell–substrate interface, EGFRs and actin frequently colocalized as interdigitated, punctate spots resembling tank tracks. Cathodal accumulation of EGFR and actin did not occur in the absence of serum but were restored by adding ligand to serum-free medium. Inhibition of MAPK, one second messenger engaged by EGF, significantly reduced EF-directed cell migration. Transforming growth factor β and fibroblast growth factor also restored cathodal-directed cell migration in serum-free medium. However, longer EF exposure was needed to show clear asymmetric distribution of the receptors for transforming growth factor β and fibroblast growth factor. We propose that up-regulated expression and redistribution of EGFRs underlie cathodal-directed migration of CECs and directed migration induced by EF on FN and LAM.
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Mancuso, P., D. R. Shalinsky, A. Calleri, J. Quarna, P. Antoniotti, I. Jilani, D. Hu-Lowe, X. Jiang, C. Gallo-Stampino, and F. Bertolini. "Evaluation of ALK-1 expression in circulating endothelial cells (CECs) as an exploratory biomarker for PF-03446962 undergoing phase I trial in cancer patients." Journal of Clinical Oncology 27, no. 15_suppl (May 20, 2009): 3573. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2009.27.15_suppl.3573.
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3573 Background: ALK-1 is a member of the TβRI family & a novel target for antiangiogenic therapy (Rx). PF- 03446962 (PF) is a fully human mAB (IgG2, κ) generated against ALK-1 with dose-dependent preclinical antiangiogenic activities (Hu-Lowe et al, Proc AACR, 2009). This study's objectives were to determine whether: 1) CECs in cancer patients express ALK-1; and 2) whether therapy with PF against ALK-1 will modulate ALK-1 expression or CEC function in an ongoing Ph I trial. Methods: The human mAb was conjugated with alexa fluor 647. ALK-1 expression was assayed by a standardized multicolor flow cytometry assay (Mancuso et al, CCR 2009). Results: ALK-1 expression was characterized on human vascular (HUVEC) & lymphatic (HDLC) endothelial cells; HUVEC & HDLC cells highly express ALK-1 (>99% of these cells are ALK- 1+). ALK-1 expression was assessed in healthy controls (n=17) & cancer patients after normalizing for CEC viability. Patients with advanced malignancies had increased numbers of ALK-1+ CECs: Patients with breast ca (n=12), melanoma (n=8), NSCLC (n=11), & CRC (n=4) had 16±12, 39±23, 50±30, & 62±25 ALK-1+ CECs/mL, respectively, vs 7±6 ALK-1+ CECs/mL in controls. In contrast, ALK-1 expression was minimally or not expressed in pts with hematologic malignancies; ALK-1 was absent in CD117+ or CD34+ bone marrow cells. In the Ph I trial, preliminary evidence suggests that PF may alter CEC function; ALK-1+ CECs were markedly reduced in the 1st two pts studied at EIO after 22 days on Rx. Conclusions: ALK-1 is expressed in CECs. Flow cytometry enables rapid assay of ALK-1 expression in cancer patient blood. ALK-1 is expressed in an increased number of CECs/mL in cancer pts with solid malignancies vs controls. ALK-1 expression in CECs in pts with NSCLC & CRC may correspond to high ALK-1 expression observed in corresponding nonmatched tumor microarrays in addition to other malignancies such as sarcoma, SCLC & neuroendrocine pancreatic ca (Fiedler, Proc ASCO, 2009). Additional preliminary Ph I results will be reported as part of assessing whether CECs may have any role as biomarkers to potentially detect patients with ALK-1+ solid malignancies or monitor anti-ALK-1 therapy. [Table: see text]
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Sewpersadh, Navitha Singh. "An examination of CEO power with board vigilance as a catalyst for firm growth in South Africa." Measuring Business Excellence 23, no. 4 (November 28, 2019): 377–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/mbe-10-2018-0083.
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Purpose The recent collapse of the corporate giant Steinhoff in South Africa (SA) has highlighted the risks of a dominant Chief Executive Officer (CEO) and an ineffective governing board. For this reason, the purpose of this paper is to scrutinize the influence of CEO power attributes and independent governing boards on the growth of a Johannesburg stock exchange-listed firm. Design/methodology/approach The purpose of this paper is to answer the research question “Under the monitoring role of the board, what CEO attributes, theoretically and in practice preeminent successful firm growth strategies?” This question was answered by examining 130 companies over six years using the econometric methodology of generalized least squares and ordinary least squares with the specific inclusion of generalized method of moments estimation due to its efficiency in controlling for unobserved heterogeneity, endogeneity, autocorrelation, heteroscedasticity, amongst others. The proxies for CEO power are CEO tenure, turnover and professional skills as well as the explanatory variable of board vigilance. The response variable was firm growth. Findings This study found that CEO tenure is negatively correlated with firm growth indicating that long-tenured CEOs may stagnate the firm's growth. Furthermore, CEO turnover was positively correlated with firm growth indicating that a new CEO may bring innovative strategies that link to this study's finding on CEO tenure. The membership of CEOs to accounting professional bodies and board vigilance are also positively correlated to firm growth. Practical implications SA firms' growth policy does not solely depend on the neoclassical fundamental determinants of profitability, net worth, and cash flows. Since the value relevance of assessing CEO attributes as well as board vigilance in the SA market has proved to be very significant and will contribute to future decision making on growth strategies. This study innovatively illustrates the different drivers of firm growth, which is distinct from the normal macroeconomic indicators. The practical contribution of the study lies in the fact that organizations now discern which CEO attributes contribute to sustainability and profitability. Social implications The current depressed economic environment has several negative implications for the citizens of SA. The rising unemployment levels and inflation has deteriorated living conditions. For the economy to recover, SA needs its listed companies to remain strong performers to protect stakeholder interests and attract investments. The people responsible for steering the companies through this difficult time are the CEOs with the governing board protecting the public interest. This study examines these two important constructs concerning firm growth. Originality/value This study uniquely used a firm growth variable as opposed to the multitude of studies that used firm performance variables. Furthermore, this study's robustness was bolstered by an extensive theoretical framework employed to examine the value of a CEO as a firm growth stimulator. The period of this study is also unique as it examines firms in the aftermath of the global recession of 2008. This study provides a fresh perspective on firm growth indicators and has key implications for policymakers, stakeholders and regulatory establishments.
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Tian, M., and G. S. Martin. "The role of the Src homology domains in morphological transformation by v-src." Molecular Biology of the Cell 8, no. 7 (July 1997): 1183–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1091/mbc.8.7.1183.
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The Src homology (SH2 and SH3) domains of v-Src are required for transformation of Rat-2 cells and for wild-type (morphr) transformation of chicken embryo fibroblasts (CEFs). We report herein that the N-terminal domains of v-Src, when expressed in trans, cannot complement the transformation defect of a deletion mutant lacking the "unique," SH3, and SH2 regions. However, the same regions of Src can promote transformation when translocated to the C terminus of v-Src, although the transformation of CEFs is somewhat slower. We conclude that the SH3 and SH2 domains must be present in cis to the catalytic domain to promote transformation but that transformation is not dependent on the precise intramolecular location of these domains. In CEFSs and in Rat-2 cells, the expression of wild-type v-Src results in tyrosine phosphorylation of proteins that bind to the v-Src SH3 and SH2 domains in vitro; mutations in the SH2 or SH3 and SH2 domains prevent the phosphorylation of these proteins. These findings are most consistent with models in which the SH3 and SH2 domains of v-Src directly or indirectly target the catalytic domain to substrates involved in transformation. However, the N-terminal domains of v-Src can promote tyrosine phosphorylation of certain proteins, in particular p130Cas, even when expressed in the absence of the catalytic domain, indicating that the N-terminal domains of v-Src have effects that are independent of the catalytic domain.
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Cheng, Guanzhi, Xinyi Huang, Hong Zhang, Yang Hu, and Chengyou Kan. "Preparation of P(St-co-MAA)/CeO2 composite microspheres via surface carboxyl oxidation followed by in situ chemical deposition of CeO2 and their catalytic application on oxidative degradation of methyl orange." RSC Adv. 4, no. 55 (2014): 29042–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c4ra01360c.
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Rovenpor, Janet L. "The relationship between four personal characteristics of chief executive officers (CEOS) and company merger and acquisition activity (MAA)." Journal of Business and Psychology 8, no. 1 (September 1993): 27–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02230392.
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Ren, Mingchuan. "A “Big Bath” in China: accounting and corporate governance." Emerald Emerging Markets Case Studies 1, no. 1 (January 1, 2011): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/20450621111110663.
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Subject area Accounting, corporate governance, business ethics. Study level/applicability MBA and EMBA. Case overview China has largely changed its accounting practice in line with international norms. But its corporate governance structure continued to be administratively driven. Many Chinese-listed companies, especially big ones, are transformed from state-owned enterprises, with the government as their largest shareholder. It is no exception to Company C. Then what is the common pattern of accounting behaviour in China? An insight could be drawn by analysing this case. Expected learning outcomes Highlight two issues in point, namely accounting issue and governance issue. Chinese companies are now allowed to choose their accounting policies, while their top decisions are subject to government policies. Identify Company C's creative accounting by discussing China's accounting reform. In this regard, China has been relatively robust in terms of dropping its own practice and adopting western one. Discuss the corporate governance issues unveiled. What are company's performance criteria? Are they clearly established and enforced? And what about government's decision to change CEO twice in less than one year? What are the impacts on CEO's behaviour? Supplementary materials Teaching note.
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Kantabutra, Sooksan. "Measuring corporate sustainability: a Thai approach." Measuring Business Excellence 18, no. 2 (May 13, 2014): 73–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/mbe-02-2013-0015.
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Purpose – This study aims to measure the Thai approach of corporate sustainability. In the corporate world, the Thai philosophy of Sufficiency Economy can be applied to ensure corporate sustainability. Derived from the literature, a structural model expressing relationships between six independent variables of Sufficiency Economy indicators and three dependent variables of sustainability performance outcomes is formed accordingly, followed by hypotheses to be tested. Design/methodology/approach – The model is tested through a random sample of 294 chief executive officers (CEOs) in Thailand who were asked to respond to a questionnaire. Factor and regression analyses are adopted to test the hypotheses. Findings – Findings indicate that “perseverance” and “resilience” are two direct predictors of three sustainability outcomes of the firm’s enhanced capacity to deliver strong performance, endure social and economic crises and deliver public benefits. “Geosocial development” is a direct predictor of firm’s enhanced capacity to deliver public benefits and an indirect predictor of firm’s enhanced capacity to deliver strong performance and to endure social and economic crises. “Moderation” is an indirect predictor of the firm’s capacity to endure social and economic crises, while “sharing” is an indirect predictor of all three sustainability performance outcomes. Practical implications – Small- and medium-sized enterprises business leaders should develop a “perseverance” culture in their organizations and practice “resilience” to enhance their corporate sustainability prospect. Moreover, they should adopt “geosocial development”, “moderation” and “sharing” practices in their organizations, as these practices positively affect corporate sustainability performance directly or indirectly. Originality/value – This study is among the first few studies that identify corporate sustainability performance predictors.
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Takahashi, K., S. Murakami, Y. Chikashige, H. Funabiki, O. Niwa, and M. Yanagida. "A low copy number central sequence with strict symmetry and unusual chromatin structure in fission yeast centromere." Molecular Biology of the Cell 3, no. 7 (July 1992): 819–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1091/mbc.3.7.819.
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Fission yeast centromeres vary in size but are organized in a similar fashion. Each consists of two distinct domains, namely, the approximately 15-kilobase (kb) central region (cnt+imr), containing chromosome-specific low copy number sequences, and 20- to 100-kb outer surrounding sequences (otr) with highly repetitive motifs common to all centromeres. The central region consists of an inner asymmetric sequence flanked by inverted repeats that exhibit strict identity with each other. Nucleotide changes in the left repeat are always accompanied with the same changes in the right. The chromatin structure of the central region is unusual. A nucleosomal nuclease digestion pattern formed on unstable plasmids but not on stable chromosome. DNase I hypersensitive sites correlate with the location of tRNA genes in the central region. Autonomously replicating sequences are also present in the central region. The behavior of truncated minichromosomes suggested that the central region is essential, but not sufficient, to confer transmission stability. A portion of the outer repetitive region is also required. A larger outer region is necessary to ensure correct meiotic behavior. Fluorescence in situ hybridization identified individual cens. In the interphase, they cluster near the nuclear periphery. The central sequence (cnt+imr) may play a role in positioning individual chromosomes within the nucleus, whereas the outer regions (otr) may interact with each other to form the higher-order complex structure.
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Uturytė-Vrubliauskienė, Laura, and Mantas Linkevičius. "APPLICATION OF CUSTOMER RELATIONSHIP MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS IN LITHUANIAN MOBILE TELECOMMUNICATIONS COMPANIES / RYŠIŲ SU KLIENTAIS VALDYMO SISTEMOS TAIKYMO PRIVALUMAI IR TRŪKUMAI LIETUVOS VIEŠOJO JUDRIOJO TELEFONO RYŠIO ORGANIZACIJOSE." Mokslas - Lietuvos ateitis 5, no. 1 (April 5, 2013): 29–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/mla.2013.05.
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Global investments in information technologies are constantly growing as the result of quick changes in technologies, globalization process, accelerating pace of life and increase in the importance of information to the modern society. Thus, the latest information technologies and systems are emphasized as one of the most important features of competitive ability of an organisation. As information technologies are getting more and more important in determining the advantage of a company in the business world, CEOs of organisations should pay more attention to implementation of systems that contribute to operational capacity of the entire organisation. In order to ensure success of an organisation, it is important to look for new investment solutions helping companies to develop individualized and differentiated ways of interaction with customers, ensuring their loyalty and allowing to maintain competitiveness in the market. More and more often, customer relationship management systems are chosen to achieve these aims. These systems are applied for business to efficiently manage relations with customers of a company; they help increasing the benefit obtained by every supplier or customer to the maximum and improving the results of the entire activity. Due to the increase in the number of organisations implementing customer relationship management systems (CRM), it is becoming important to study and evaluate these technologies and their influence. This would help to better understand the present problems related with customer relationship management (CRM) systems. Santrauka Šiandienėje visuomenėje, vykstant sparčiai technologijų kaitai, globalizacijos procesui, spartėjant gyvenimo tempui ir didėjant informacijos svarbai, informacinėms technologijoms skiriamos investicijos nuolatos auga visame pasaulyje. Todėl, naujausios informacinės technologijos ir sistemos iškyla kaip vienas iš svarbiausių organizacijos konkurencingumo bruožų. Pastaraisiais metais, mokslinėje literatūroje vis dažniau galima rasti tyrimų pavyzdžių, nagrinėjančių ryšių su klientais valdymo sistemas (CRM) kaip kokybiškai naują informacinę technologiją. Tyrinėjimai šioje srityje leistų geriau suvokti esamas problemas, susijusias su ryšių su klientais valdymo (CRM) sistemomis ir taip užpildyti literatūroje esančią spragą. Straipsnio tikslas – išanalizuoti literatūros, susijusios su ryšių su klientais valdymo sistemomis (CRM), šaltinius, ir, remiantis organizacijų požiūriu, ištirti ir įvertinti ryšių su klientais valdymo sistemos (CRM) taikymo privalumus ir trūkumus. Siekiant įvardinti motyvuojančius faktorius, skatinančius organizacijas diegtis ryšių su klientais valdymo sistemas (CRM), buvo atliktas tyrimas. Pasitelkus anketą buvo apklausti visi ryšių su klientais valdymo sistemos (CRM) ekspertai, dirbantys Lietuvos viešojo judriojo telefono ryšio organizacijose. Remiantis tyrimo rezultatais nustatyta, kad svarbiausi bei reikšmingiausi šioms organizacijoms motyvacijos veiksniai yra: nesugebėjimas sistemiškai kaupti ir analizuoti duomenis (60%), pardavimo galimybių trūkumas (40%), nesugebėjimas tinkamai koordinuoti darbus (40%). Tyrimo metu nustatyta, jog ryšių su klientais valdymo sistemą (CRM) ekspertai įvertino kaip nesudėtingą naudoti (75%). Dažniausiai šią sistemą įsidiegusių organizacijų susiduria su tokiomis problemomis kaip neefektyvus ryšių su klientais valdymo sistemos (CRM) galimybių išnaudojimas, taip pat, šios sistemos neatitikimas organizacijoms poreikiams, trukdantis sėkmingai naudotis įdiegta sistema.Straipsnis anglų kalba.
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Watanabe, Keisuke, Seitaro Terakura, Tatsunori Goto, Ryo Hanajiri, Nobuhiko Imahashi, Kazuyuki Shimada, Tetsuya Nishida, Akihiro Tomita, Makoto Murata, and Tomoki Naoe. "Anti-CD20 Chimeric Antigen Receptor Transduced T Cells Can Recognize Very Low Antigen Expression: Determination Of The Lower Threshold Required To Activate The CAR-T Cells." Blood 122, no. 21 (November 15, 2013): 4493. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v122.21.4493.4493.
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Background In chimeric antigen receptor transduced T-cell (CAR-T cell) therapy, setting of the target antigen is critical in terms of both the efficacy and the possible adverse effects. However, how low expressing antigen CAR-T cells can recognize and present cytotoxicity, and how low expressing antigen would be a candidate for the target or should be avoided for the concern of off-organ effect is still unclear. Thus we developed novel anti-CD20 CAR-T cells, and investigated the threshold antigen expression level required to activate CAR-T cells. Methods In this study, we generated a retrovirus vector that encodes a novel CAR consisting of anti-CD20 single chain variable fragments linked to a CD3-zeta chain, a CD28 costimulatory domain, and a truncated epidermal growth factor receptor (tEGFR) as a transduction and selection marker. CD3 positive T cells from a healthy donor were activated with anti-CD3/28 beads, transduced with the CAR on day 3, enriched by selection with anti-EGFR mAb, and expanded by stimulation with gamma-irradiated B-lymphoblastoid cells. CD20 expression level of the target cells was evaluated with CD20 mean fluorescence intensity (CD20-MFI) and was quantified as CD20 specific antibody biding capacity (CD20-ABC). Results To determine the threshold expression level of CD20 antigen to induce cytotoxicity, we performed 51Cr release assay by anti-CD20 CAR-T cells against 30 clones of CD20 transduced CCRF-CEM (CD20-CEM) expressing variable levels of CD20 (CD20-MFI: 126-6,924/ CD20-ABC: 240-230,546 molecules) (kindly provided by Dr. A.C.M. Martens, University Medical Center Utrecht). CAR-T cells lysed CD20-CEMs equally well from low to high level of CD20 (CD20MFI: 157/ CD20ABC: 5,172 molecules or more, 40-60% of lysis at E:T ratio of 10:1), and lysed the clone expressing the lowest level of CD20 (126/ 240 molecules, 22.8±2% of lysis). However, in rituximab-induced CDC assay against the same 30 clones, a minimum CD20 MFI of 600 (ABC of 65,000 molecule) was required to induce CDC. Next, cytokine production and proliferation upon stimulation were investigated by using four representative CD20-CEM clones out of the 30 clones that cover a wide range of CD20 expression levels; Very low (VL-CEM) (MFI: 126/ ABC:240 molecules), Low (L-CEM)(252/ 26,990 molecules), Mid (M-CEM)(826/ 91,567 molecules), High (H-CEM)(6,924/ 142,722 molecules). In intracellular IFN-gamma assay, CAR-T cells produced IFN-gamma equally well (L-CEM, 45.9%, M-CEM, 35.4% and H-CEM, 38.0%, respectively), except against VL-CEM (0.2%). In CFSE division assay, CAR-T cells proliferated upon stimulation with L-CEM, M-CEM, H-CEM (31.4%, %36.1, 37.3% at 72h and, 88.9%, 90.2%, 91.1% at 96h), except with LV-CEM (0% at 72h/ 96h). In intracellular signaling assay, phosphorylation of downstream signaling molecule, CD3-zeta and ERK were evaluated. Whereas only minimal phosphorylations of CD3-zeta and ERK were observed upon VL-CEM stimulation, other 3 CEMs induced similar strength of signals in the majority of CAR-T cells, and induced phosphorylation of proximal signaling molecule, CD3-zeta according to the CD20 expression level. Finally, we evaluated cytotoxicity against low-CD20 expressing primary tumor cells and cell lines. CAR-T cells lysed RRBL1 which is a cell line established from a patient who exhibited relapse of B-cell lymphoma with very weak CD20 expression and became resistant to rituximab (47.8±3% of lysis at E:T ratio 10:1) and primary DLBCL cells isolated from pleural effusion with low CD20 expression (32.6±2.9% of lysis). Conclusions We observed that CAR-T cells recognize CD20 antigen with considerably low expression. A minimum number of antigen molecules required to activate CAR-T cells is very low; the threshold is a few hundreds of target antigen. For the future search of a novel target of CAR-T therapy, antigens with expression above the threshold, even if that is below the range of mAb therapy, could be also considered. Conversely, antigens with off-organ expression above the threshold may induce off-organ effect, thus should be avoided. CD20-CAR therapy may be also effective for the patients with CD20 down-regulated lymphoma and refractory to CD20 mAb therapy. Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.
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Pashazadeh, Sara, Biuck Habibi, Ali Pashazadeh, Ali Fatemi, and Milad Rasouli. "(Digital Presentation) Facile Fabrication of Graphene Quantum Dot- Doped Polyaniline Embedded Cu Metal-Organic Frameworks Composite Electrode As Improved Anode Electrocatalyst for Methanol Oxidation." ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2022-01, no. 41 (July 7, 2022): 2491. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/ma2022-01412491mtgabs.
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Nonrenewable energy sources accounted for roughly 80% of total energy consumption [1]. Solar energy, wind energy, geothermal energy, hydropower, and fuel cells (FCs) have all recently been described as renewable energy sources. In commercial uses, renewable energy has experienced meteorological and logistical obstacles. Because of advantages such as simple fabrication/operation conditions, eco-friendly, high energy conversion efficiency, and long-term durability, FCs technologies are considered one of the most important renewable energy sources for many applications such as portable devices, cars, and electricity plants [2–5]. Methanol can be utilized in direct methanol fuel cells (DMFC) to produce clean energy that can be used in smart electronic gadgets or small automobiles in this regard [6]. However, before DMFC can be used commercially, the slow oxidation kinetics and catalyst toxicity [7] must be resolved. Therefore, the development of direct methanol fuel cells (DMFCs) is one of the most promising technologies for the applications of these devices in stationary power supplies and electric vehicles [8]. Apart from the future of mobile devices such as mobile chargers, phones, computers, and many other applications, this energy is environmentally benign because no gases are emitted and the waste is simply clean water. The biggest issue that this technique may encounter is its high cost due to the usage of noble metal catalysts (platinum (Pt) and ruthenium (Ru)) [9]. Methanol is oxidized via a multi-electron process and several products and/or intermediates can be formed, depending on the electrolyte and the nature of the electrode. Electrode materials are important parameters in the electrochemical oxidation of methanol, where high efficient electrocatalysts are needed. Several metal oxides such as Fe2O3, CeO2, MoOx, Co3O4, NiO, and CuO has been used in various applications, such as catalysis, water splitting photocatalysis, solar cells and gas sensing, besides their uses to enhance the electrocatalytic activity for methanol oxidation [10-11]. This paper describes the preparation of graphene quantum dot-doped polyaniline embedded copper metal-organic frameworks composite catalysts for investigating methanol oxidation in alkaline solutions. The electrode surface was characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). After physicochemical characterizations of graphene quantum dot-doped polyaniline embedded copper metal-organic frameworks composite modified carbon ceramic electrode (Cu- MOF/GQDs-PAN/CCE), its electrocatalytic and stability characterizations toward methanol oxidation in alkaline media were investigated in detail by cyclic voltammetry and chronoamperometry. Results showed that, the electrocatalytic activity of the Cu- MOF/GQDs-PAN/CCE electrode is much higher than those of unmodified electrode under similar experimental conditions, showing the possibility of attaining good electrocatalytic anodes for fuel cells. Kinetic parameters such as the electron transfer coefficient (α) and the number of electrons involved in the rate determining step (nα) for the oxidation of methanol were determined utilizing cyclic voltammetry (CV). Keywords: Graphene quantum dot, Polyaniline, Metal-organic frameworks, electrocatalyst, Methanol References [1] S.K. Kamarudin, F. Ahmad, W.R.W. Daud, Overview on application of direct methanol fuel cell (DMFC) for portable electronic devices, Int. J. Hydrog. Energy 34 (2009) 6902–6916. [2] L. Carrette, K.A. Friedrich, U. Stimming, Fuel cells: principles, types, fuels and applications, ChemPhysChem 1 (2000) 162–193. [3] A.B. Stambouli, Fuel cells: The expectations for an environmental-friendly and sustainable source of energy, Renew. Sustain. Energy Rev. 15 (9) (2011) 4507– 4520. [4] P. Joghee, J.N. Malik, S. Pylypenko, R. O’Hayre, A review on direct methanol fuel cells – In the perspective of energy and sustainability, MRS Energy Sustain. 2 (2015), https://doi.org/10.1557/mre.2015.4. [5] D. Hassen, M.A. Shenashen, S.A. El-Safty, M.M. Selim, H. Isago, A. Elmarakbi, H. Yamaguchi, Nitrogen-doped carbon-embedded TiO2 nanofibers as promising oxygen reduction reaction electrocatalysts, J. Power Sources 330 (2016) 292– 303. [6] M. Mansor, S.N. Timmiati, K.L. Lim, W.Y. Wong, S.K. Kamarudin, N.H. Nazirah Kamarudin, Recent progress of anode catalysts and their support materials for methanol electrooxidation reaction, Int. J. Hydrogen Energy 44 (29) (2019) 14744–14769, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2019.04.100. [7] Z. Mousavi, A. Benvidi, S. Jahanbani, M. Mazloum-Ardakani, R. Vafazadeh, H. R. Zare, Investigation of electrochemical oxidation of methanol at a carbon paste electrode modified with Ni(II)-BS complex and reduced graphene oxide nano sheets, Electroanalysis 28 (12) (2016) 2985–2992, https://doi.org/10.1002/ elan.201501183. [8] S. Wasmus, A. Küver, Methanol oxidation and direct methanol fuel cells: a selective review, J. Electroanal. Chem. 461 (1-2) (1999) 14–31. [9] M. Liu, R. Zhang, W. Chen, Graphene-Supported Nanoelectrocatalysts for Fuel Cells: Synthesis, Properties, and Applications, Chem. Rev. 114 (2014) 5117– 5160. [10] N. Spinner, W.E. Mustain, Electrochim. Acta 56 (2011) 5656. [11] M.S. Risbud, S. Baxter, M. Skyllas-Kazacos, Open Fuels Energy Sci. J. 5 (2012) 9.
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Rakhmayil, Sergiy, and Ayse Yuce. "Effects Of Manager Qualification On Firm Value." Journal of Business & Economics Research (JBER) 6, no. 7 (February 6, 2011). http://dx.doi.org/10.19030/jber.v6i7.2452.
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; margin: 0in 0.5in 0pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman;">This paper examines how CEO and CFO qualifications affect firm value. Our results indicate that companies with managers that have qualifications as prior senior managerial experience of CEOs, tenure of CEOs in the current position, MBA degrees of CFOs, and the university where the CFOs graduated are associated with higher company valuation, after controlling for firm age and industry effects.</span></span></p>
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Sun, Helin, Jia Zhu, Tao Wang, and Yue Wang. "MBA CEOs and Corporate Social Responsibility: Empirical Evidence from China." Journal of Cleaner Production, January 2021, 125801. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2021.125801.
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Garcia-Blandon, Josep, Josep Argilés-Bosch, and Diego Ravenda. "CEO demographics and gender diversity in senior management in large Scandinavian firms." Gender in Management: An International Journal, November 10, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/gm-12-2021-0379.
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Purpose This study aims to investigate whether chief executive officer (CEO) demographics are associated with gender diversity in senior management in the Scandinavia region. Design/methodology/approach The research design draws on multivariate cross-sectional analysis. The demographic characteristics examined are gender, age and education. A total of six hypotheses are developed and tested. The sample includes the largest 106 public firms from Denmark, Finland, Norway and Sweden. Findings Results show that firms with female CEOs have more women in senior management than other firms. However, neither age nor level of formal education of CEOs shows significant results, with the exception of CEOs holding MBA degrees, who are associated with fewer women in these positions. Interestingly, the association between educational background and gender diversity is principally driven by study-abroad experiences. Finally, results show that gender diversity in senior management has an important country component, whereas the industry component is negligible. Originality/value The relationship between managers’ demographics and gender diversity among subordinates is a relatively unexplored research issue, as previous works have focused on general comparisons between male and female managers. Furthermore, the Scandinavian context is particularly interesting as this region leads gender equality rankings.
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Guan, Jian, Fang Deng, and Dao Zhou. "The role of CEOs' human capital in sustaining superior performance–empirical evidence from China." Journal of Intellectual Capital, February 1, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jic-11-2020-0351.
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Purpose Focusing on the important representative of firm intellectual capital (IC), this research explores the effects of chief executive officer’s (CEOs') managerial human capitals on sustaining superior performance in Chinese transition economy to prove the dynamic and strategic value of IC and fulfill the gap of lacking emerging market studies in this research field. Design/methodology/approach Based on dynamic managerial capability theoretical framework, the authors propose a dynamic management path to analyze the influencing mechanism of CEOs' managerial human capitals to firm performance persistence and the moderating effect of environment uncertainty. Using a panel data of Chinese publicly listed firms from 2008 to 2017, it adopts dynamic first-order autoregressive models to examine these hypotheses. Several tests are conducted to further analyze and ensure that the results are robust and reliable. Findings These managerial human capitals reveal heterogenous impacts on sustaining superior performance, and environment uncertainty is a valid moderating variable to further distinguish their dynamic values. The supplementary analyses show the integrating effect of an MBA degree and output functional experience is positive and significant, and the results in Chinese state-owned and private firm subsamples are distinct. Practical implications It is beneficial for corporate stakeholders to judge and select CEOs and for policymakers to improve the efficiency advantage of IC in Chinese emerging market. Originality/value This study first explores the relationship between CEOs' managerial human capitals and superior performance persistence. Through introducing a dynamic perspective, it has extended existing performance persistence research into individual level and provided a new intellectual source of sustainable competitive advantages.
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Allayannis, George (Yiorgos), Gerry Yemen, Andrew C. Wicks, and Matthew Dougherty. "Deutsche Bank and the Road to Basel III." Darden Business Publishing Cases, January 20, 2017, 1–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/case.darden.2016.000090.
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This public-sourced case was named the best finance case of 2013 in the 24th annual awards and competition sponsored by The Case Centre. It was designed for and works well in the latter portion of a GEMBA Financial Management and Policies course and in the early stage of a second-year MBA elective Financial Institutions and Markets course. The case is set in mid-2012 as the new co-CEOs of Deutsche Bank are about to speak in an analyst call. Students are the decision makers and have the opportunity to evaluate the various factors affecting a bank's situation in a changing global industry, such as leverage and credit quality, as well as to discuss the implications on Deutsche Bank and the banking sector more broadly of Basel III, the global regulatory reform. The students also have the opportunity to conduct a valuation of the bank. Investors were anxious to know whether the new co-CEOs would discuss the strategy of how Deutsche Bank planned to meet the new regulatory requirements, what effect Basel III would have on the company's profitability, and what lines of business it would focus on going forward in a new banking environment. They also wanted to know more about the benefits of the 2010 majority stake investment in Postbank, a German commercial bank. In class, this discussion also allows for a broader examination of the universal bank model and the role of banks within society.
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Powell, K. Skylar, and Eunah Lim. "The concept of “spatial knowledge” used by top-management-teams and CEOs in internationalization." Multinational Business Review ahead-of-print, ahead-of-print (May 28, 2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/mbr-07-2020-0144.
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Purpose Top-management-teams (TMTs) and chief executive officers (CEOs) dealing with internationalization are naturally predisposed to deal with space, so they will consult “spatial knowledge.” The purpose of this paper is to offer a conceptual description of spatial knowledge used by TMTs/CEOs and to describe how the use of spatial knowledge can be triggered and the resulting biases that arise from it. The description of spatial knowledge is also discussed in relation to core international business (IB) theories/models. Design/methodology/approach This is a conceptual study. Findings TMTs/CEOs use spatial knowledge for internationalization decisions. This spatial knowledge is “declarative” because it involves knowledge of places and associated characteristics or attributes, “configurational” because it involves knowledge of various types of relative positions and proximities between places and “procedural” because it involves knowledge of how to structure transactions, operate or organize interdependencies between locations. Additionally, TMTs/CEOs individually have spatial knowledge that is uniquely distorted. Then, finally, when TMTs/CEOs consult spatial knowledge to identify international opportunities or solutions, their search process may entail distance and directional biases as a result of their spatial knowledge. Originality/value This is the first paper to introduce the notion of “spatial knowledge” to the research on TMT/CEO experiences and internationalization and IB research in general.
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Zhou, Chao. "CEO characteristics, multinationality and downside risk: evidence from Chinese multinational corporations." Multinational Business Review, October 5, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/mbr-01-2022-0007.
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Purpose Real options theory posits that multinationality provides additional operating flexibility and helps firms reduce downside risk. This study aims to explore the effects of chief executive officer (CEO) characteristics on the downside risk implication of multinationality in Chinese multinational corporations (MNCs). Design/methodology/approach This study gathers a sample of Chinese MNCs from 2009 to 2020 and deploys a Tobit panel estimation model with fixed effects in the empirical analysis. Findings This study finds that multinationality has a significant negative effect on downside risk. The downside risk reduction effect of multinationality is stronger in firms led by older CEOs, women CEOs, CEOs with overseas experience or broader functional backgrounds or those with higher educational levels. Additionally, the above effects of CEO characteristics on the downside risk reduction effect of multinationality are more pronounced in firms with smaller top management team (TMT) sizes. Hence, the findings show that the multinational network constructed by Chinese MNCs could offer great operating flexibility, and CEO characteristics and the CEO–TMT interface play an important role in achieving real options flexibility from multinationality. Originality/value This study shows that multinationality could be an effective way for emerging market firms to reduce business risk. This study helps identify CEO characteristics that are associated with real option performance and emphasizes that CEO personal attitudes and abilities could influence the real options flexibility obtained from multinationality. This study also contributes to the understanding of micro foundations in international business by focusing on the role of CEO characteristics and the CEO–TMT interface in the downside risk implications of multinationality.
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Hai, Ho Nhu. "Developing Effective Top Management Team at Vietnamese SMEs." VNU Journal of Science: Economics and Business 35, no. 2 (June 24, 2019). http://dx.doi.org/10.25073/2588-1108/vnueab.4220.
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Despite an increasing number of studies focusing on leadership at Vietnamese small and medium sized enteprises (SMEs), there is a lack of empirical research on collective leadership and development of effective top management team (TMT). The purpose of this paper is to review the literature with a view of characteristics forming an effective TMT. Taking the team effectiveness theory, upper echelons theory and behavioral theory of the firm, theoretical characteristics of effective TMT was created, and then an empirical research was conducted on a sample of 141 SMEs. The common characteristics of an effective TMT are identified, including shared vision, optimal team size, role clarity, age diversity, functional background diversity, regular communication, solidarity and collective decision making. The study makes several contributions to the existing literature on effective TMT development at SMEs.
Keywords
Collective leadership, top management team, effective top management team, SMEs
References
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