Academic literature on the topic 'Mazzucco'

L’incipiente formazione in Italia di una società multietnica, alle soglie del nuovo millenio, ha contribuito a ravvivare l’interesse di studiosi e di artisti per la diaspora italiana del secolo scorso. Il presente lavoro prende in esame il romanzo Vita (2003) di Melania Mazzucco e il film Nuovomondo (2006) di Emanuele Crialese con il proposito di svelare alcune significative convergenze nel recupero della memoria collettiva dell’emigrazione italiana negli Stati Uniti tra l’Otto e il Novecento. Si metteranno in evidenza gli elementi tematici e le strutture narrative specifiche con cui vengono intessute narrazioni che, sia nel romanzo sia nel film, mescolano Storia e finzione, concretizzando una visione ravvicinata e ‘dal basso’ di un passato cancellato, la quale suscita nel fruitore una risposta etica.

Ce travail de recherche porte sur l'œuvre de l’écrivaine italienne contemporaine Melania Mazzucco. Si la mémoire, le rôle des femmes et la critique sociale sont les thèmes les plus étudiés de ses œuvres, le fil conducteur de notre recherche est plutôt le concept de l'engagement. Il s'agit d'une nouvelle perspective critique, où l’impegno constitue une sorte de "macrocatégorie" englobant tous les nombreux thèmes de la production littéraire de l'écrivaine analysés par les critiques. L'engagement qui ressort de cette production consiste en un intérêt marqué pour les questions sociales, pour la prise en charge des opprimés et des marginaux dans la société. C’est dans ce cadre qu’un rôle très important est joué par les femmes, qui sont toujours les protagonistes des romans : ce sont souvent des femmes excentriques, insatisfaites, perpétuellement à la recherche de leur propre place dans le monde et de leur propre identité. Il s'agit en somme d'une forme particulière d'engagement civique lié à la problématique des femmes se développant principalement selon deux directions, qui vont constituer la deuxième et la troisième parties de notre thèse : les généalogies féminines que Mazzucco reconstruit dans ses romans historiques, avec l'intention de redonner une vie, une voix et une histoire à des figures de femmes du passé qui ont réellement existé et qui peuvent être une source d'inspiration pour les femmes d'aujourd'hui ; la représentation de l'Italie contemporaine à travers des figures féminines qui mettent en évidence des problématiques comme le sexisme, le phénomène migratoire, de nouveaux modèles familiaux. Les femmes deviennent ainsi un vecteur pour traiter des questions qui touchent les deux sexes. Dans notre thèse nous avons donc examiné la présence de formes d'engagement dans l'œuvre de Mazzucco en étudiant ses manifestations dans les deux directions décrites ci-dessus, pour répondre à quelques questions fondamentales : dans le débat sur l'engagement littéraire, très fécond aujourd’hui en Italie, comment pouvons-nous situer l'œuvre de Mazzucco ? Sous quelles formes et sur quels thèmes son engagement s'exprime-t-il ? Est-il efficace ? Est-il apprécié ? Notre thèse est divisée en trois parties. Dans la première partie, l'objectif est de situer Mazzucco dans le contexte littéraire italien, depuis les années 1980 – celles de sa formation – jusqu’à nos jours, afin de mettre en évidence les influences, les héritages et les écarts. Dans la deuxième partie, nous proposons une analyse croisée de deux romans, qui sont deux biographies historiques de femmes artistes oubliées par l'histoire : La lunga attesa dell'angelo, qui raconte la vie de Marietta Tintoretto, la fille préférée du célèbre peintre qui a été encouragée par son père à exploiter ses talents malgré l’interdiction faite aux femmes d’être peintre ; L'Architettrice, qui raconte l’histoire de Plautilla Bricci, la première femme architecte de l'histoire moderne, qui était également fille d’un artiste. Nous avons voulu comprendre d’une part, pourquoi Mazzucco s'est engagée dans cette opération de récupération, d’autre part, qui sont ces femmes du passé dont elle veut transmettre l’expérience de vie. La troisième et dernière partie de la thèse est consacrée à l'étude de quatre romans dont l’histoire se déroule de nos jours : Un giorno perfetto, Limbo, Sei come sei, Io sono con te. Storia di Brigitte. Ces livres ne se proposent plus de réévaluer des femmes extraordinaires du passé pour les réintégrer dans l'histoire artistique et culturelle italienne. Ils racontent plutôt des histoires ordinaires de femmes, dans l'Italie d'aujourd'hui, aux prises avec des problèmes de violence, discrimination, marginalité, au sein de la famille et/ou de la société
This research project focuses on the work of the contemporary Italian writer Melania Mazzucco. While memory, the role of women and social criticism are the most studied themes in her works, the main thread running through our research is the concept of commitment. This is a new critical perspective, in which impegno constitutes a kind of 'macro-category' encompassing all the many themes in the writer's output that have been analysed by critics.Mazzucco's commitment, which is evident in his literary output, consists of a marked interest in social issues, in caring for the oppressed and marginalised in society. It’s in this context that women play a very important role, as they are always the protagonists of his novels: they are often eccentric, dissatisfied women, perpetually in search of their own place in the world and their own identity. In short, this is a particular form of civic commitment linked to women's issues, and it develops mainly in two directions, which will form the second and third parts of our thesis: the female genealogies that Mazzucco reconstructs in his historical novels, with the intention of giving a life, a voice and a history to female figures from the past who really existed and who can be a source of inspiration for women today; the representation of contemporary Italy through female figures who highlight issues such as sexism, the migratory phenomenon, new family models. Women thus become a vehicle for addressing issues that affect both sexes equally.In our thesis, therefore, we have examined the presence of forms of commitment in Mazzucco's work by studying its manifestations in the two directions described above, in order to answer some fundamental questions: in the debate on literary commitment, which is very fertile in Italy today, how can we situate Mazzucco's work? In what forms and on what themes does his commitment express itself? Is it effective? Is it appreciated?Our thesis is divided into three parts. In the first part, the aim is to situate Mazzucco in the Italian literary context, from the 1980s – the period of her formation – to the present day, in order to highlight influences, legacies and gaps. In the second part, we propose a cross-analysis of two novels, which are both historical biographies of women artists forgotten by history: La lunga attesa dell'angelo, which tells the life story of Marietta Tintoretto, the famous painter's favourite daughter who was encouraged by her father to exploit her talents despite the ban on women being painters; and L'Architettrice, which tells the story of Plautilla Bricci, the first woman architect in modern history, who was also the daughter of an artist. We wanted to understand why Mazzucco embarked on this recovery operation, and who these women of the past were whose life experience she wanted to pass on. My aim is to understand why Mazzucco embarks on this operation of recovery, who these women of the past are whose life experience she wants to pass on, and how she wants to pass it on.The third and final part of the thesis is devoted to the study of four novels set in the present day: Un giorno perfetto, Limbo, Sei come sei, Io sono con te. Storia di Brigitte. These books no longer set out to re-evaluate extraordinary women of the past in order to reintegrate them into Italian artistic and cultural history. Instead, they tell the ordinary stories of women in Italy today, struggling with problems of violence, discrimination and marginality within the family and/or society

Vita, di Melania Mazzucco (giovane scrittrice italiana contemporanea), è il romanzo di una storia di esilio (ex-solum, allontanati dal proprio suolo, emigrati), intessuto di finzione, realtà, memoria. Scritto in alcune parti in prima persona, il romanzo sfuma nell\'autobiografia. L\'invenzione s\'intreccia alla ricerca di una memoria familiare e personale, per narrare una epopea collettiva che rarissimamente ha trovato la via della letteratura. Vita e Diamante Mazzucco, i protagonisti, sono due ragazzi italiani che, all\'inizio del Novecento, insieme alla moltitudine di immigrati della grande emigrazione, affrontano la loro America, passione e vita. Apparentemente limitati a un gruppo e a un periodo, i temi del romanzo toccano il rapporto contraddittorio, il limite fra reportage veridico e ricostruzione ideale, fra memoria storica e costruzione narrativa e portano alla luce vite \"analoghe\". La problematica dell\' \"altro\" (Vita e Diamante come rappresentanti dei \"vinti\", dell\'altra faccia della storia) fa emergere la reale alterità che la letteratura - e il romanzo meglio di altri generi - può portare alla luce, verbalizzando ciò che era da lungo tempo rimosso nella memoria familiare e, forse, in quella collettiva
Vita, de Melania Mazzucco (jovem escritora italiana contemporánea), é um romance que trata sobretudo do exílio, (ex-solum, distância da própria terra, emigração) por meio de uma narrativa que mescla ficção, realidade, memória. Escrito em algumas partes em primeira pessoa, o romance possui uma nuance de autobiografia. A ficção se entrelaça com as pesquisas da memória familiar e pessoal da autora, de modo a narrar uma epopéia coletiva, a qual em raríssimos casos encontrou a via da literatura. Vita e Diamante Mazzucco, os protagonistas, são dois jovens italianos que, no início do século XX, junto à multidão que compôs a grande emigração italiana, afrontam a América, a paixão e a vida. Com um enredo aparentemente limitado a um grupo e a um período histórico, os temas presentes na obra apontam para uma questão contraditória, o limite entre a reportagem verídica e a reconstrução ideal dos fatos, entre a memória histórica e a construção narrativa, colocando em evidência situações análogas. A problemática do \"outro\" (Vita e Diamante como representantes dos \"vencidos\", da outra face da história) faz emergir a real alteridade que a literatura - e o romance melhor que outros gêneros - é capaz de trazer à tona, verbalizando aquilo que estava desde muito tempo escondido na memória familiar e, talvez, na memória coletiva

A vida de um jovem e seu percurso pelo mundo em busca de sua identidade é o mote do romance de formação, subgênero que teve seu auge entre os séculos XVIII e XIX. Franco Moretti e Esther Labovitz, entre outros críticos por nós considerados, estudaram a fundo o romance de formação o Bildungsroman , sendo que esta última autora focalizou a variante feminina no Bildungsroman do século XX. O presente trabalho tem como objetivo analisar o romance da escritora italiana Melania Mazzucco Lei così amata. O romance recorta e focaliza uma parte da vida da escritora suíça Annemarie Schwarzenbach, portanto possui as características do romance biográfico. Contudo, pretendemos, neste estudo, evidenciar principalmente as características que fazem dessa obra um romance de formação. Por meio da conturbada trajetória vivida pela protagonista, buscamos reconhecer, nas viagens empreendidas por ela, ao redor do mundo, as características fundamentais do romance de formação. Em particular, com base nos estudos de Mikhail Bakhtin sobre o cronotopo, analisamos as formas com que o tempo vivido nos diferentes continentes Ásia, América e África marcam o percurso formativo da heroína.
The life of a young man and his way through the world in search of his own identity is the motto of the formation novel, subgenre which had its climax between the 18th and the 19th centuries. Franco Moretti and Esther Labovitz, among other critics considered by us, studied the formation novel in depth the Bildungsroman , this last author focusing on the feminine variant in the Bildungsroman of the 20th century. This study aims at analyzing the novel of the Italian writer Melania Mazzucco Lei così amata. The novel focuses on part of the life of the Swiss writer Annemarie Schwarzenbach, therefore it presents all the characteristics of the biographical novel. However, in this study, our main intention is to demonstrate all the features that make this work a formation novel. Through the troubled trajectory lived by the protagonist, we try to recognize, in her journeys around the world, the fundamental features of the formation novel. In particular, based on the Mikhail Bakhtins studies of the chronotope, we analyze the forms in which the time lived in the different continents Asia, America and Africa determine the heroines formative course.

Nel primo capitolo è stato ricostruito il profilo biografico e critico della scrittrice Melania G. Mazzucco ed è stata analizzata la forma romanzo nella sua produzione. Nel secondo capitolo sono state prese in considerazione le peculiarità della sua narrativa: la lunga ricerca documentaria alla base dei romanzi, la caratteristica di scegliere nomi significativi per i propri personaggi e il lavoro sulle soglie del testo. Infine, nell'ultimo capitolo, sono state analizzate le tematiche trasversali e ricorrenti più significative della sua narrativa, come figure di donne ed esuli e il tema della scrittura.

AbstractMariana Mazzucato argues that capitalism needs to be rebuilt around private-public partnered “missions.” To facilitate these missions, Mazzucato provides seven pillars to serve as guidelines. Using Mazzucato’s pillars, we critically review US government efforts to develop the local economy and establish new political institutions through foreign aid. We analyze the successfulness of these “missions” by assessing government officials’ ability to overcome the “knowledge problem” and “political economy problems.” We conclude that Mazzucato’s pillars are unlikely to be satisfied due to these dual problems.

AbstractIt is argued that the concepts of mission-oriented innovation policy and also of the entrepreneurial state will lead to the implementation of policies that are highly vulnerable to behavioral biases and the inefficient use of heuristics. In political practice, we can therefore not expect efficient mission-oriented policies. In particular, I argue that missions as a political commitment mechanism intended to devote massive resources to a specific cause will often only work if biases like the availability bias and loss aversion are deliberately used in order to secure voter consent. Furthermore, I also argue that the argument used by Mazzucato (Mission Economy: A Moonshot Guide to Changing Capitalism. London: Penguin UK, 2021) herself also contains several behavioral biases.

AbstractAmong contemporary economists, Mariana Mazzucato stands out for her emphasis on the importance of innovation to solving pressing challenges and achieve a greater quality of life. However, the type of mission-oriented innovation policies she promotes usually rely on an overly mechanical view of innovation and economic growth. We employ an ecosystem perspective to demonstrate that innovative entrepreneurship takes place in a collaborative innovation bloc consisting of a myriad of nodes. Entrepreneurs, inventors, early- and later-stage financiers, key personnel, and customers are all actors whose skills and abilities are necessary to realize an entrepreneurial project. When mission-oriented policies play a large role in an industry’s production or financing, connections between actors in the innovation bloc risk being severed, severely curtailing the scope for actors to play their requisite roles. Thus, there is a risk that such policies do more harm than good for innovation and economic growth.

AbstractA crucial debate exists over the effectiveness of government-guided innovation efforts, which recently through economist Mariana Mazzucato’s arguments for an entrepreneurial state that encourages the public sector’s active role in technological change and value creation, is considerably shaping global policy. This essay addresses a key assertion by Mazzucato that the government is the boldest innovator accountable for the greatest value in society. Through use case analysis, I argue that Mazzucato’s claims of the state providing mission-oriented directionality that drives technology development do not survive the scrutiny of the Supply-Chain Fallacy, the belief that every item in a line of production or chain of events is necessary and causal. I do find occasions of public sector innovation success in the development of military technologies, particularly during times of war, which can have beneficial spillover effects. However, I show that the potentiality of such successes in a persistent peacetime environment is limited by the viability of the public sector entrepreneur.

AbstractMariana Mazzucato embraces state-directed public/private investment in innovation to achieve goals that society as a whole would benefit from. The idea is that the state should direct and the private sphere perform the innovation needed. We argue that this view is biased toward successful examples of innovation created by public sector steering and the private sector performing. Generally, vested interests are created by these kinds of public-steering–private-performing innovations, which hinder or malinvest resources through their interests or information problems when market forces are put out of play. We present examples that explore the process of two successful deregulation cases and one failed case to highlight differences in the processes leading to the different outcomes; the most important being the existence of institutional entrepreneurs acting as typical change agents in the successful cases and the lack thereof in the failed example. These cases highlight the importance of both passive incumbents and proactive entrants for enabling institutional change. We contrast these examples with the public-steering and private-performing framework.

AbstractIn The Entrepreneurial State and Mission Economy, Mazzucato argues that the state should adopt a proactive and entrepreneurial approach, setting ambitious missions that inspire collective action nurtured by emotions of urgency. By defining clear goals, the state can mobilize resources and talent from both the public and private sectors. We do not challenge Mazzucato’s facts or discredit her analysis. We agree that states successfully have and perhaps should continue to play a role in mobilizing talent and other resources around urgent societal challenges. Healthcare, climate change, and inequality are not problems that “markets” will solve on their own, and relevant and competent government organizations are an essential tool in our toolbox to address them. We would even agree that the state would do well to formulate clear missions and approach them in an entrepreneurial fashion. That is, experiment with an open mind and be willing to fail and learn, rather than develop interventions on the drawing board and then stick to them because of bureaucratic or political lock-in. But all that effort will only pay off, often in many unexpected ways, if we do not succumb to the fallacy of hindsight. That is, a well-defined and entrepreneurially executed state-led mission can only succeed in also generating a stream of valuable but largely unanticipated spin-off innovations, if the conditions for acting on such opportunities are right.

AbstractThe urgency for developing a circular economy is growing, and more and more companies and organisations are concerned with the importance of adapting their business to fit a changing economy. However, many analyses on the circular economy are still rather abstract and there is a lack of understanding about what circularity would mean for specific industries. This insufficient insight especially seems to be apparent in the building and construction sector. Besides, the building and construction sector is responsible for a major part of energy use and emissions. To tackle the issue of insufficient insight into the business consequences of circular devlopments, further research is necessary. Therefore, we propose to collaborate on a research project that aims to provide a more detailed level of analysis. The goal is to identify drivers and barriers to make better use of materials in the building and construction sector. This further research would benefit from an international collaboration between universities of applied sciences and industry from different European countries. An additional benefit of the applied orientation would be the relevance for professional education programmes. References CBS, PBL & Wageningen UR. (2017). Vrijkomen en verwerking van afval per doelgroep, 1990-2014 (indicator 0206, versie 13, 26 janauri2017). Retrieved from: https://www.clo.nl/indicatoren/nl0206-vrijkomen-en-verwerking-van-afval-per-doelgroep Cuchí, A.; Arcas, J.; Casals, M. & Fobella, G. (2014). Building a common home Building sector – A global vision report. Produced by the Global Vision Area within the World SB14 Barcelona Conference. De Jesus, A. & Mendonça, S. (2018). Lost in Transition? Drivers and Barriers in the Eco-innovation Road to the Circular Economy. Ecological Economics, 145, 75-89. doi: 10.1016/j.ecolecon.2017.08.001. EC. (2015). Closing the Loop – An EU action plan for the Circular Economy. Brussels: European Commission. EC. (2019). Report from the Commission to the European Parliament, the Council, the European Economic and Social Committee and the Committee of the Regions on the implementation of the Circualr Economy Action Plan. Brussels: European Commission. Ghisellini, P; Cialini, C. & Ulgiati, S. (2016). A review on circular economy: the expected transition to a balanced interplay of environmental and economic systems. Journal of Cleaner Production, 114, 11-32. doi: 10.1016/j.jclepro.2015.09.007. Kirchherr, J., Pisciceli, L., Bour, R., Kostense-Smit, E., Muller, J., Huibrechtse-Truijens, A. & Hekkert, M. (2018). Barriers to the Circular Economy: Evidence From the European Union (EU). Ecological Economics, 150, 264-272. Mazzucato, M. (2018). Mission-Oriented Research & Innovation in the European Union – A problem-solving approach to fuel innovation-led growth. Retrieved from: European Commission; https://ec.europa.eu/info/sites/info/files/mazzucato_report_2018.pdf Nederland circulair in 2050. Rijksbreed programma Circulaire Economie (2016). Den Haag: Ministerie van Infrastructuur en Milieu & Ministerie van Economische Zaken. Stahel, W.R. (2016) The Circular Economy. Nature, 531(7595), 435-438. UN. (2018). 2018 Global Status Report – Towards a zero-emission, efficient and resilient buildings and construction sector. United Nations Environment Programme. UNCTAD. (2018). Circular Economy: The New Normal (Policy Brief No. 61). Retrieved from United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD): https://unctad.org/en/PublicationsLibrary/presspb2017d10_en.pdf