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Author: Grafiati

Published: 10 December 2022

Last updated: 28 January 2023

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1

Monien, Patrick, Bernhard Schnetger, Hans-Jürgen Brumsack, H. Christian Hass, and Gerhard Kuhn. "A geochemical record of late Holocene palaeoenvironmental changes at King George Island (maritime Antarctica)." Antarctic Science 23, no. 3 (February 1, 2011): 255–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s095410201100006x.

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AbstractDuring RV Polarstern cruise ANT-XXIII/4 in 2006, a gravity core (PS 69/335-2) and a giant box core (PS 69/335-1) were retrieved from Maxwell Bay off King George Island (KGI). Comprehensive geochemical (bulk parameters, quantitative XRF, Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry) and radiometric dating analyses (14C, 210Pb) were performed on both cores. A comparison with geochemical data from local bedrock demonstrates a mostly detrital origin for the sediments, but also points to an overprint from changing bioproductivity in the overlying water column in addition to early diagenetic processes. Furthermore, ten tephra layers that were most probably derived from volcanic activity on Deception Island were identified. Variations in the vertical distribution of selected elements in Maxwell Bay sediments further indicate a shift in source rock provenance as a result of changing glacier extents during the past c. 1750 years that may be linked to the Little Ice Age and the Medieval Warm Period. Whereas no evidence for a significant increase in chemical weathering rates was found, 210Pb data revealed that mass accumulation rates in Maxwell Bay have almost tripled since the 1940s (0.66 g cm-2 yr-1 in ad 2006), which is probably linked to rapid glacier retreat in this region due to recent warming.

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2

Majewski, Wojciech, Julia S. Wellner, Witold Szczuciński, and John B. Anderson. "Holocene oceanographic and glacial changes recorded in Maxwell Bay, West Antarctica." Marine Geology 326-328 (October 2012): 67–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.margeo.2012.08.009.

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3

López-Martínez, J., T. Schmid, E. Serrano, S. Mink, A. Nieto, and S. Guillaso. "Geomorphology and landforms distribution in selected ice-free areas in the South Shetland Islands, Antarctic Northern Peninsula region." Cuadernos de Investigación Geográfica 42, no. 2 (September 13, 2016): 435. http://dx.doi.org/10.18172/cig.2965.

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Ice-free areas cover a small percentage of the land in the South Shetland Islands. However, they are significant as they contain ecosystems highly sensitive to environmental changes and are located within a region affected by global warming. These areas are dominated by periglacial, glacial, fluvial, and coastal processes and landforms, where permafrost is often present. Soil development is observed although vegetation cover is sparse and closely related to the geomorphology. The mapping and monitoring of ice-free areas is important as they are highly sensitive to climate change. The objective of this study was to characterize and map surface landforms in ice-free areas using traditional mapping methods as well as advanced remote sensing techniques. Geomorphological and topographical maps were initially obtained through field measurements and observations, and complemented with existing aerial photography at scales between 1:2000 and 1:25000. Thereafter, satellite-borne data became available and were included in the methodology to further determine the distribution of the landforms. In the Antarctic environment, Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) provides the most reliable images as data can be obtained in any weather conditions as well as during the day and night. Fully polarimetric SAR RADARSAT-2 were used to determine seven different terrain classes representing surface landforms in ice-free areas around Maxwell Bay (King George Island). The SAR remote sensing techniques were successfully applied to identify different periglacial, fluvial, glacial, coastal, as well as lithological landforms. Field data from Fildes Peninsula were used to train a supervised classifier to map further areas around Maxwell Bay. In this case, the ice-free areas around Maxwell Bay clearly show the dominance of periglacial landforms and processes. Therefore, these techniques can be used to compare past and future results and to monitor areas affected by changing environmental factors and increasing human activities.

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4

Cooper, Merv, and Stephen Maxwell. "A new Altivasum Hedley, 1914 (Turbinellidae, Vasinae) from the coast of southern Western Australia." Festivus 52, no. 3 (August 1, 2020): 212–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.54173/f523212.

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This paper presents a new Altivasum found off Jurien Bay, Western Australia at 60 m. This new species expands our understanding of the distribution, and in particular extends the northern range of Altivasum, in the South-west Marine Region. Altivasum pauladellaboscae n. sp. is more rhomboidal than A. hedleyi Maxwell and Dekkers, 2019, which is elongated, and has the formation of tubular spines on the shoulder of axial fold on the later whorls of the spire; these spines are not formed in A. pauladellaboscae n sp. Altivasum pauladellaboscae n sp. differs from A. profundum Dekkers and Maxwell, 2018 in having acute shoulder nodules. The South Australian, A. flindersi Verco, 1914 lacks the fibriated subsutural band found in A. pauladellaboscae n. sp. Altivasum clarksoni Maxwell and Dekkers, 2019 is geographically isolated and morphologically distinct, being more elongated and fibriated. This paper brings the number of described Altivasum species to five

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5

Khim, Boo-Keun, and Ho Il Yoon. "Postglacial marine environmental changes in Maxwell Bay, King George Island, West Antarctica." Polar Research 22, no. 2 (January 12, 2003): 341–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.3402/polar.v22i2.6464.

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6

Milliken, K. T., J. B. Anderson, J. S. Wellner, S. M. Bohaty, and P. L. Manley. "High-resolution Holocene climate record from Maxwell Bay, South Shetland Islands, Antarctica." Geological Society of America Bulletin 121, no. 11-12 (August 28, 2009): 1711–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/b26478.1.

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7

Khim, Boo-Keun, and Ho Il Yoon. "Postglacial marine environmental changes in Maxwell Bay, King George Island, West Antarctica." Polar Research 22, no. 2 (December 2003): 341–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1751-8369.2003.tb00116.x.

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8

Câmara, Paulo E. A. S., Barbara Guedes Costa Silva, Micheline Carvalho-Silva, and Diego Knop Henriques. "The moss flora of Ostrov Geologov (Geologists Island), Maxwell Bay, King George Island, Antarctica." Boletín de la Sociedad Argentina de Botánica 52, no. 2 (July 7, 2017): 251–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.31055/1851.2372.v52.n2.17439.

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Located of the east coast of Fildes Peninsula, South of Ardley Island, at King George Island, Ostrov Geologov (Geologist Islands) is a small island with 0.25 miles long. It only had one plant record published so far. We have conducted extensive fieldwork on the site and provide here a comprehensive checklist and a key for the moss species occurring on the island. Despite its small size, theislandcontains about 35% of all theFildes Peninsula moss flora, six new records were found. The pristine state of the island due to its relative isolation, presence of avian nesting sites and a relatively rich moss flora are strong arguments in favor of protection status for the island.

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9

Zenteno-Devaud, Lisette, Gabriela V. Aguirre-Martinez, Claudia Andrade, Leyla Cárdenas, Luis Miguel Pardo, Humberto E. González, and Ignacio Garrido. "Feeding Ecology of Odontaster validus under Different Environmental Conditions in the West Antarctic Peninsula." Biology 11, no. 12 (November 28, 2022): 1723. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biology11121723.

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To study how Odontaster validus can influence the spatial structure of Antarctic benthic communities and how they respond to disturbance, it is necessary to assess potential dietary shifts in different habitats. We investigated the diets of O. validus from Maxwell Bay and South Bay in the West Antarctic Peninsula. A multifaceted approach was applied including in situ observations of cardiac stomach everted contents, isotopic niche, and trophic diversity metrics. Results confirm the flexible foraging strategy of this species under markedly different environmental conditions, suggesting plasticity in resource use. The data also showed evidence of isotopic niche expansion, high δ15N values, and Nacella concinna as a common food item for individuals inhabiting a site with low seasonal sea ice (Ardley Cove), which could have significant ecological implications such as new trophic linkages within the Antarctic benthic community. These results highlight the importance of considering trophic changes of key species to their environment as multiple ecological factors can vary as a function of climatic conditions.

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10

Kim, Dongseon, Byong-Kwon Park, Ho Il Yoon, and Cheon Yun Kang. "Geochemical evidence for Holocene paleoclimatic changes in Maxwell Bay of South Shetland Islands, West Antarctica." Geosciences Journal 3, no. 1 (March 1999): 55–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02910235.

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11

Khim, Boo-Keun, Byong-Kwon Park, and Ho Il Yoon. "Oxygen isotopic compositions of seawater in the Maxwell Bay of King George Island, West Antarctica." Geosciences Journal 1, no. 2 (June 1997): 115–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02910483.

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12

Li, Baohua, Ho-Il Yoon, and Byong-Kwon Park. "Foraminiferal assemblages and CaCO3 dissolution since the last deglaciation in the Maxwell Bay, King George Island, Antarctica." Marine Geology 169, no. 1-2 (September 2000): 239–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0025-3227(00)00059-1.

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13

Ahn, In-Young, Soo Hyung Lee, Kyung Tae Kim, Jeong Hee Shim, and Dong-Yup Kim. "Baseline heavy metal concentrations in the Antarctic clam, Laternula elliptica in Maxwell Bay, King George Island, Antarctica." Marine Pollution Bulletin 32, no. 8-9 (August 1996): 592–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0025-326x(95)00247-k.

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14

Rauschert, Martin. "Stomacontion bulbus sp. n. (Crustacea, Amphipoda, Gammaridea, Lysianassidae) aus der Maxwell Bay von King George Island (Südshetlandinseln)." Mitteilungen aus dem Museum für Naturkunde in Berlin. Zoologisches Museum und Institut für Spezielle Zoologie (Berlin) 73, no. 1 (1997): 17–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mmnz.19970730104.

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15

Rauschert, Martin. "Stomacontion bulbus sp. n. (Crustacea, Amphipoda, Gammaridea, Lysianassidae) aus der Maxwell Bay von King George Island (Südshetlandinseln)." Mitteilungen aus dem Museum für Naturkunde in Berlin. Zoologisches Museum und Institut für Spezielle Zoologie 〈Berlin〉 73, no. 1 (February 24, 1997): 17–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mmnz.4830730104.

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16

Roca, Pere, Miguel Cervera, Luca Pelá, Roberto Clemente, and Michele Chiumenti. "Viscoelasticity and Damage Model for Creep Behavior of Historical Masonry Structures." Open Civil Engineering Journal 6, no. 1 (November 16, 2012): 188–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1874149501206010188.

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This paper presents a continuum model for the simulation of the viscous effects and the long-term damage ac-cumulation in masonry structures. The rheological model is based on a generalized Maxwell chain representation with a constitutive law utilizing a limited number of internal variables. Thanks to its computational efficiency, this approach is suitable for the analysis of large and complex structures. In the paper, the viscous and damage models are presented and their coupling is discussed. The FE simulation of the construction process of the representative bay of Mallorca Cathedral is presented, together with the analysis of the long-term effects. The parameters of the model are tentatively calibrated on the basis of the time-dependent viscous deformations detected during the cathedral monitoring.

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17

Park, Byong-Kwon, Soon-Keun Chang, Ho Il Yoon, and Hosung Chung. "Recent retreat of ice cliffs, King George Island, South Shetland Islands, Antarctic Peninsula." Annals of Glaciology 27 (1998): 633–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.3189/1998aog27-1-633-635.

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Comparison of aerial photos shows that the ice cliff in Marian Cove, Maxwell Bay, southwestern King George Island, retreated approximately 250 m between 1956 and 1986, but advanced about 40 m between December 1986 and January 1989. The advance in the late 1980s seems to be related to the cold austral winters of 1986-88. A topographic survey in January 1994 revealed that the ice cliff in Marian Cove had again retreated around 270 m since January 1989; approximately the same as from December 1956 to December 1986. in Potter Cove, the ice cliff retreated approximately 400 m from 1956-89. The more pronounced retreat here may be attributable to shallower water depths (<30m). These ice cliffs retreats are discussed as a possible consequence of recent regional warming.

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18

Potocka, Marta, and Ewa Krzemińska. "Trichocera maculipennis (Diptera)—an invasive species in Maritime Antarctica." PeerJ 6 (August 14, 2018): e5408. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.5408.

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Antarctica, with its severe conditions, is poor in terrestrial fauna species. However, an increase in human presence together with climate change may cause an influx of non-native species. Here we report a significant increase in colonized area of one of the few known invasive species to date in Antarctica. Non-native flies of Trichocera maculipennis have been recently observed in the Admiralty Bay area on King George Island, South Shetlands Islands, West Antarctica, 10 years after its first record in Maritime Antarctica (Maxwell Bay, King George Island). Its rapid spread across the island, despite geographic barriers such as glaciers, indicates successful adaptation to local environmental conditions and suggests this species is invasive. The mode of life of T. maculipennis, observed in natural and anthropogenous habitat and in laboratory conditions, is reported. The following adaptations enabled its invasion and existence within the sewage system in Antarctic scientific stations: the ability to survive in complete darkness, male ability to mate on the substrate surface without prior swarming in flight, and adaptation of terrestrial larvae to survive in semi-liquid food. Possible routes of introduction to Antarctica and between two bays on King George Island are discussed, as well as further research leading to the containment and eradication of this species.

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19

Ahn, I. Y., Hosung Chung, Jae-Shin Kang, and Sung-Ho Kang. "Diatom composition and biomass variability in nearshore waters of Maxwell Bay, Antarctica, during the 1992/1993 austral summer." Polar Biology 17, no. 2 (January 16, 1997): 123–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s003000050114.

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20

Bick, Andreas, and Günter Arlt. "Description of intertidal macro- and meiobenthic assemblages in Maxwell Bay, King George Island, South Shetland Islands, Southern Ocean." Polar Biology 36, no. 5 (February 2, 2013): 673–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00300-013-1293-9.

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21

JUNG, Jae Yong, Yuna YUN, Keon Ah LEE, and Kwang-Hwan JUNG. "2P310 Spectroscopic and Biochemical Characterization of Proteorhodopsin in Maxwell Bay, Antarctica(41. Proton and ion pumping,Poster Session,Abstract,Meeting Program of EABS & BSJ 2006)." Seibutsu Butsuri 46, supplement2 (2006): S373. http://dx.doi.org/10.2142/biophys.46.s373_2.

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22

Карцан, И. Н., Д. К. Цапик, and Д. Г. Кузнецов. "Modeling a thin film printed inductance coil for a VHF radio receiver." Современные инновации, системы и технологии - Modern Innovations, Systems and Technologies 2, no. 3 (July 12, 2022): 0301–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.47813/2782-2818-2022-2-3-0301-0311.

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When designing and modeling inductors, the only practical options are wire connections and flat geometric shapes, although, wire connections allow to achieve a high-quality factor, their inductance values are limited and can be quite sensitive to variations, flat spiral inductors have limited values, but have inductance, which is well defined in a wide range of process variations. The application of the program Ansoft Maxwell in the simulation of a thin-film printed coil for VHF radio receiver in the perspective of use on a stationary research platform located in the coastal zone of the Black Sea in the Blue Bay at a distance of ~ 450 m from the shore. Work in the future is aimed at using the software product for the full cycle of modeling the minimized element base of the receiving and transmitting equipment.

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23

Lee, Kanghyun, Hendrik Gheerardyn, and Wonchoel Lee. "A new species of Orthopsyllus Brady & Robinson, 1873 (Copepoda: Harpacticoida: Orthopsyllidae) from Maxwell Bay, King George Island, Antarctica." Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington 124, no. 2 (August 2, 2011): 84–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.2988/10-36.1.

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24

Bang, Hyun Woo, Yoon Lee, and Wonchoel Lee. "A new species of the genus Heterolaophonte Lang, 1948 (Copepoda: Harpacticoida: Laophontidae) from Maxwell Bay, King George Island, Antarctica." Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington 124, no. 4 (December 2011): 326–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.2988/11-18.1.

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25

Hass, H. C., G. Kuhn, P. Monien, H. J. Brumsack, and M. Forwick. "Climate fluctuations during the past two millennia as recorded in sediments from Maxwell Bay, South Shetland Islands, West Antarctica." Geological Society, London, Special Publications 344, no. 1 (2010): 243–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1144/sp344.17.

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26

Ahn, In-Young, and Jeong Hee Shim. "Summer metabolism of the Antarctic clam, Laternula elliptica (King and Broderip) in Maxwell Bay, King George Island and its implications." Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology 224, no. 2 (June 1998): 253–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0022-0981(97)00201-3.

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27

Il Yoon, Ho, Myung Woo Han, Byong-Kwon Park, Jae-Kyung Oh, and Soon-Keun Chang. "Glaciomarine sedimentation and palaeo-glacial setting of Maxwell Bay and its tributary embayment, Marian Cove, South Shetland Islands, West Antarctica." Marine Geology 140, no. 3-4 (August 1997): 265–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0025-3227(97)00028-5.

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28

Zeng, Yin-Xin, and Zong-Yun Qiao. "Diversity of Dimethylsulfoniopropionate Degradation Genes Reveals the Significance of Marine Roseobacter Clade in Sulfur Metabolism in Coastal Areas of Antarctic Maxwell Bay." Current Microbiology 76, no. 9 (May 27, 2019): 967–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00284-019-01709-5.

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29

Rego, Adriana, António G. G. Sousa, João P. Santos, Francisco Pascoal, João Canário, Pedro N. Leão, and Catarina Magalhães. "Diversity of Bacterial Biosynthetic Genes in Maritime Antarctica." Microorganisms 8, no. 2 (February 18, 2020): 279. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms8020279.

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Bacterial natural products (NPs) are still a major source of new drug leads. Polyketides (PKs) and non-ribosomal peptides (NRP) are two pharmaceutically important families of NPs and recent studies have revealed Antarctica to harbor endemic polyketide synthase (PKS) and non-ribosomal peptide synthetase (NRPS) genes, likely to be involved in the production of novel metabolites. Despite this, the diversity of secondary metabolites genes in Antarctica is still poorly explored. In this study, a computational bioprospection approach was employed to study the diversity and identity of PKS and NRPS genes to one of the most biodiverse areas in maritime Antarctica—Maxwell Bay. Amplicon sequencing of soil samples targeting ketosynthase (KS) and adenylation (AD) domains of PKS and NRPS genes, respectively, revealed abundant and unexplored chemical diversity in this peninsula. About 20% of AD domain sequences were only distantly related to characterized biosynthetic genes. Several PKS and NRPS genes were found to be closely associated to recently described metabolites including those from uncultured and candidate phyla. The combination of new approaches in computational biology and new culture-dependent and -independent strategies is thus critical for the recovery of the potential novel chemistry encoded in Antarctica microorganisms.

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30

Kim, Soyeon, Ju-Hyoung Kim, Jae-Hyun Lim, Jin-Hyun Jeong, Jang-Mu Heo, and Il-Nam Kim. "Distribution and Control of Bacterial Community Composition in Marian Cove Surface Waters, King George Island, Antarctica during the Summer of 2018." Microorganisms 8, no. 8 (July 24, 2020): 1115. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms8081115.

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Marian Cove is experiencing some of the most rapid environmental changes in the Antarctic region; however, little is known about the response of bacterial communities to these changes. The main purpose of this study was to investigate the spatial variation of physical–biogeochemical–bacterial community features in the Marian Cove surface waters and the environmental parameters governing the spatial variation in the bacterial community composition during the summer of 2018. The Marian Cove surface waters are largely composed of two different characteristics of water masses: relatively low-temperature, -salinity, and -nutrient surface glacier water (named SGW) and relatively high-temperature, -salinity, and -nutrient surface Maxwell Bay water (named SMBW). The SGW bacterial communities were dominated by unclassified Cryomorphaceae, Sedimenticola, and Salibacter genera, while the SMBW bacterial communities were dominated by Sulfitobacter, Arcobacter, and Odoribacter genera. Spatial variations in bacterial community composition were mainly attributed to physical and biogeochemical characteristics, suggesting that the bacterial community composition of the Marian Cove surface waters is mainly determined by environmental characteristics. These findings provide a foundation to improve the understanding of bacterial community variations in response to a rapidly changing Marian Cove in the Antarctic.

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31

Yoon, H. I., B. K. Park, E. W. Domack, and Y. Kim. "Distribution and dispersal pattern of suspended particulate matter in Maxwell Bay and its tributary, Marian Cove, in the South Shetland Islands, West Antarctica." Marine Geology 152, no. 4 (December 1998): 261–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0025-3227(98)00098-x.

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32

Yoo, Kyu-Cheul, Min Kyung Lee, Ho Il Yoon, Yong Il Lee, and Cheon Yoon Kang. "Hydrography of Marian Cove, King George Island, West Antarctica: implications for ice-proximal sedimentation during summer." Antarctic Science 27, no. 2 (October 7, 2014): 185–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s095410201400056x.

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AbstractDuring the summer, from 1996–2000, vertical profiles of conductivity, temperature and transmissivity were obtained near the tidewater glacier of Marian Cove, King George Island, Antarctic Peninsula. The aims for the study were to determine the short-term variations of water structure due to hydrographic forcings and to understand sedimentation of suspended particulate matter in Antarctic fjord environments. Four distinct water layers were identified in the ice-proximal zone of the cove: i) a surface layer composed of cold and turbid meltwater, ii) a relatively warm Maxwell Bay inflow layer with characteristics of outer fjord water, iii) a turbid/cold mid-depth layer (40–70 m) originating from subglacial discharge, and iv) a deep layer comprised of the remnant winter water. The main factor influencing the characteristics of glacial meltwater layers and driving deposition of suspended particles in the cove is tidal forcing coupled with wind stress. The relatively small amount of meltwater discharge in Marian Cove yields low accumulation rates of non-biogenic sedimentary particles in the cove. The response to north-western and western winds, coupled with flood tide, may promote settling and sedimentation of suspended particles from turbid layers in the ice-proximal zone of the cove.

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33

Zeng, Yin-Xin, Hui-Rong Li, and Wei Luo. "Gene Transfer Agent g5 Gene Reveals Bipolar and Endemic Distribution of Roseobacter Clade Members in Polar Coastal Seawater." Diversity 14, no. 5 (May 14, 2022): 392. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/d14050392.

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The Roseobacter clade represents one of the most abundant groups of marine bacteria and plays important biogeochemical roles in marine environments. Roseobacter genomes commonly contain a conserved gene transfer agent (GTA) gene cluster. A major capsid protein-encoding GTA (g5) has been used as a genetic marker to estimate the diversity of marine roseobacters. Here, the diversity of roseobacters in the coastal seawater of Arctic Kongsfjorden and Antarctic Maxwell Bay was investigated based on g5 gene clone library analysis. Four g5 gene clone libraries were constructed from microbial assemblages representing Arctic and Antarctic regions. The genus Phaeobacter was exclusively detected in Arctic seawater, whereas the genera Jannaschia, Litoreibacter and Pacificibacter were only observed in Antarctic seawater. More diverse genera within the Roseobacter clade were observed in Antarctic clones than in Arctic clones. The genera Sulfitobacter, Loktanella and Yoonia were dominant (higher than 10% of total clones) in both Arctic and Antarctic samples, implying their roles in polar marine environments. The results not only indicated a bipolar or even global distribution of roseobacters in marine environments but also showed their endemic distribution either in the Arctic or Antarctic. Endemic phylotypes were more frequently observed in polar regions than cosmopolitan phylotypes. In addition, endemic phylotypes were more abundant in Arctic samples (84.8% of Arctic sequences) than in Antarctic samples (54.3% of Antarctic sequences).

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34

Yue, Xin Yan, Rong Tu, and Takashi Goto. "A.C. Impedance Spectroscopy of B-Axis Oriented SrO Substituted BaTi₂O₅ Prepared by Arc-Melting." Key Engineering Materials 352 (August 2007): 277–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.352.277.

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b-axis oriented SrO substituted BaTi2O5 (Ba1-xSrxTi2O5) was prepared by arc-melting. The effect of SrO substitution on the dielectric properties of BaTi2O5 (BT2) was investigated by A.C. impedance spectroscopy. The Cole-Cole plot of Ba1-xSrxTi2O5 showed a distorted semi-circle which was deconvoluted into two semicircles corresponding to the bulk BT2 and a second phase. The complex impedance, modulus and capacitances from the ferroelectric bulk matrix and the paraelectric second phase of Ba1-xSrxTi2O5 were simulated by a Maxwell-Wagner model.

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35

Kitson, Derek, and Bernd Schulze. "Maxwell–Laman counts for bar-joint frameworks in normed spaces." Linear Algebra and its Applications 481 (September 2015): 313–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.laa.2015.05.007.

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36

Craig, John Boyd. "Noel Henry Maxwell Colyer MBE, KStJ, ED(Bar), MB BS(Melb)." Medical Journal of Australia 160, no. 4 (February 1994): 228. http://dx.doi.org/10.5694/j.1326-5377.1994.tb126611.x.

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37

ALAVERDYAN, A. G., G. B. ALAVERDYAN, and A. O. CHILADZE. "DECONFINEMENT PHASE TRANSITION IN NEUTRON STARS AND δ-MESON FIELD IN RMF THEORY." International Journal of Modern Physics D 19, no. 08n10 (August 2010): 1557–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218271810017408.

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The Maxwell and Glendenning construction scenarios of deconfinement phase transition in neutron star matter are investigated. The hadronic phase is described within the relativistic mean-field (RMF) theory, if the scalar-isovector δ-meson field is also taken into account. The strange quark phase is described in the frame of MIT bag model, including the effect of perturbative one-gluon exchange interactions. The influence of the δ-meson field on the deconfinement phase transition boundary characteristics is discussed.

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38

Burinskii, Alexander. "Weakness of gravity as illusion which hides true path to unification of gravity with particle physics." International Journal of Modern Physics D 26, no. 12 (October 2017): 1743022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218271817430222.

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Well known weakness of gravity in particle physics is an illusion caused by underestimation of the role of spin in gravity. Relativistic rotation is inseparable from spin, which for elementary particles is extremely high and exceeds mass on 20–22 orders (in units [Formula: see text]). Such a huge spin generates frame-dragging that distorts space much stronger than mass, and effective scale of gravitational interaction is shifted from Planck to Compton distances. We show that compatibility between gravity and quantum theory can be achieved without modifications of Einstein–Maxwell equations, by coupling to a supersymmetric Higgs model of symmetry breaking and forming a nonperturbative super-bag solution, which generates a gravity-free Compton zone necessary for consistent work of quantum theory. Super-bag is naturally upgraded to Wess–Zumino supersymmetric QED model, forming a bridge to perturbative formalism of conventional QED.

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ALAVERDYAN, ANI, GRIGOR ALAVERDYAN, and SHUSHAN MELIKYAN. "ENERGY RELEASE ASSOCIATED WITH QUARK PHASE TRANSITION IN NEUTRON STARS: COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF MAXWELL AND GLENDENNING SCENARIOS." International Journal of Modern Physics: Conference Series 18 (January 2012): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s2010194512008112.

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We study the compact stars internal structure and observable characteristics alterations due to the quark deconfinement phase transition. To proceed with, we investigate the properties of isospin- asymmetric nuclear matter in the improved relativistic mean-field (RMF) theory, including a scalar-isovector δ-meson effective field. In order to describe the quark phase, we use the improved version of the MIT bag model, in which the interactions between u, d and s quarks inside the bag are taken into account in the one-gluon exchange approximation. We compute the amount of energy released by the corequake for both cases of deconfinement phase transition scenarios, corresponding to the Maxwellian type ordinary first-order phase transition and the phase transition with formation of a mixed quark-hadron phase (Glendenning scenario).

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Ju, Min, Jinniu Hu, and Hong Shen. "Hadron-quark Pasta Phase in Massive Neutron Stars." Astrophysical Journal 923, no. 2 (December 1, 2021): 250. http://dx.doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ac30dd.

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Abstract The structured hadron-quark mixed phase, known as the pasta phase, is expected to appear in the core of massive neutron stars. Motivated by the recent advances in astrophysical observations, we explore the possibility of the appearance of quarks inside neutron stars and check its compatibility with current constraints. We investigate the properties of the hadron-quark pasta phases and their influences on the equation of state (EOS) for neutron stars. In this work, we extend the energy minimization (EM) method to describe the hadron-quark pasta phase, where the surface and Coulomb contributions are included in the minimization procedure. By allowing different electron densities in the hadronic and quark matter phases, the total electron chemical potential with the electric potential remains constant, and local β equilibrium is achieved inside the Wigner–Seitz cell. The mixed phase described in the EM method shows the features lying between the Gibbs and Maxwell constructions, which is helpful for understanding the transition from the Gibbs construction to the Maxwell construction with increasing surface tension. We employ the relativistic mean-field model to describe the hadronic matter, while the quark matter is described by the MIT bag model with vector interactions. It is found that the vector interactions among quarks can significantly stiffen the EOS at high densities and help enhance the maximum mass of neutron stars. Other parameters like the bag constant can also affect the deconfinement phase transition in neutron stars. Our results show that hadron-quark pasta phases may appear in the core of massive neutron stars that can be compatible with current observational constraints.

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Kumar, Arvind, R. K. Dwivedi, S. Baboo, and Om Parkash. "Low Temperature Dielectric Relaxation in Ba1−xBixTi1−xFexO3 System." Journal of Materials 2013 (February 12, 2013): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/857201.

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We report on dielectric properties of polycrystalline Ba1−xBixTi1−xFexO3 (BBTF) ceramic system (x=0.02, 0.06, 0.08, 0.10, 0.12, and 0.16). The materials were synthesized by solid state ceramic route. Solid solution formation has been confirmed by powder X-ray diffraction for compositions with x≤0.16. Crystal structure is tetragonal for x≤0.08 and cubic for x≥0.10. Microstructures show that the average grain size is less than one micrometer (1 μ). Dielectric behavior has been studied as a function of temperature (100 K–400 K) and frequency. Composition with x=0.02 exhibits diffuse phase transition. Compositions with x≥0.10 show ferroelectric relaxor behavior. This shows that diffuse ferroelectric transition behavior changes to relaxor type ferroelectric transition with increasing x. Plots of dielectric loss (D) versus temperature shows broad maxima which shift to high temperature with increasing frequency, dispersion in dielectric loss decreases with x below peak maxima and increases above. It may be attributed to Maxwell Wagner type relaxation process for low x (~0.02) and relaxation of nanopolar regions for x=0.16.

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Ali, Asad, Muhammad Hasnain Jameel, Sarir Uddin, Abid Zaman, Zafar Iqbal, Qeemat Gul, Fozia Sultana, Muhammad Mushtaq, Khaled Althubeiti, and Rafi Ullah. "The Effect of Ca Dopant on the Electrical and Dielectric Properties of BaTi4O9 Sintered Ceramics." Materials 14, no. 18 (September 17, 2021): 5375. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14185375.

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The current research examines the impact of Ca2+ substitution on the phase and electrical properties of (Ba1−xCax)Ti4O9, (x = 0.0, 0.3, 0.6, and 0.9) sintered pellets synthesized by solid-state reaction method. The as-synthesized samples were analyzed using X-ray diffraction (XRD) and impedance spectroscopy. The emergence of orthorhombic phase fit into space group Pnmm was revealed by XRD, and the addition of Ca resulted in a considerable shift in grain size. Dielectric properties were determined using an impedance spectroscopy in a wide frequency range from 1MHz to 3 GHz. The dielectric properties i.e., dielectric constant (εr) and dielectric loss (tanσ), were measured at 3 GHz frequency. The frequency-dependent parameters such as conductivity, dielectric constant, and dielectric loss indicated that the relaxation process is a Maxwell–Wagner type of interfacial polarization. The improved dielectric properties and low energy loss have made (Ba1−xCax)Ti4O9 a prominent energy storage material. This study provides the possibility to improve its dielectric properties and reduce energy loss, making it an excellent energy storage material.

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Bai, Shan, and Da-Wei Pang. "Holographic charge transport in 2+1 dimensions at finite N." International Journal of Modern Physics A 29, no. 11n12 (April 25, 2014): 1450061. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217751x14500614.

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We study holographic charge transport in (2+1) dimensions at finite N, whose dual gravity background is given by perturbative black hole solution in Einstein theory plus cubic terms of Weyl tensor. We consider the higher derivative corrections to the standard Maxwell action, given by the interacting terms between the Weyl tensor and the field strength. We calculate the DC conductivity by using both the membrane paradigm and the Kubo's formula and find precise agreement. We compute the AC conductivity and find an analog of the crossover from "metal" to "bad metal" in the low frequency limit. Moreover, the conductivity becomes a constant in the large frequency limit. We derive two universal relations for the Green's functions and observe that they are exactly the same as the infinite N counterparts.

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Lopes, Luiz L., and Debora P. Menezes. "On the Nature of the Mass-gap Object in the GW190814 Event." Astrophysical Journal 936, no. 1 (August 29, 2022): 41. http://dx.doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ac81c4.

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Abstract In this work, we conduct an extensive study of the conditions that allow the mass-gap object in the GW190814 event to be faced as a degenerate star instead of a black hole. We begin by revisiting some parameterizations of quantum hadrodynamics and then study under which conditions hyperons are present in such a massive star. Afterward, using a vector MIT-based model, we study whether self-bound quark stars, satisfying the Bodmer–Witten conjecture, fulfill all the observational constraints. Finally, we study hybrid stars within a Maxwell construction and check for what values of the bag, as well as the vector interaction, a quark core star with only nucleons, and with nucleons admixed with hyperons can reach at least 2.50 M ⊙. We conclude that, depending on the choice of parameters, none of the possibilities can be completely ruled out, i.e., the mass-gap object can be a hadronic (either nucleonic or hyperonic), a quark, or a hybrid star, although some cases are more probable than others.

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Falkingham, Jane. "Income in later life." Reviews in Clinical Gerontology 8, no. 1 (February 1998): 81–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0959259898008107.

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In July 1997 Harriet Harman, the new Secretary of State for Social Security in the UK, announced a fundamental and wide-ranging review of all aspects of pension provision. The review comes at a time when trust in the pensions industry is at an all-time low. The reputation of occupational pensions was dealt a severe blow by the Maxwell scandal, and personal pensions have now been revealed as a very bad buy for many of the almost six million people who have signed up for them since 1988. That such pensions were mis-sold has now been formally acknowledged and steps taken to prevent a repetition, but many people are still waiting for their compensation. State provision is also not immune from this crisis of confidence. Since 1980 the basic pension has been indexed to prices rather than to earnings as previously. As a result its value has shrunk to 14% of average male earnings, compared with 21% in 1980, and it is predicted to fall further to a ‘nugatory’ 9% by 2020.

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Shamir, M. Farasat, and I. Fayyaz. "Charged anisotropic compact stars in Logarithmic-Corrected R2 gravity." International Journal of Modern Physics A 35, no. 04 (February 10, 2020): 2050013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217751x2050013x.

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We consider [Formula: see text] corrected model, i.e. [Formula: see text], where [Formula: see text] is the Ricci scalar and [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text] are arbitrary constant values, to investigate some of the interior configurations of static anisotropic spherical charged stellar structures. The existence of electric charge and a strong electric field confirms due to the higher values of pressure distribution and energy density of the matter inside the stars. Furthermore, for compact star configurations, we also consider the simplified MIT bag model equation of state (EoS) given by [Formula: see text], where [Formula: see text] is radial pressure, [Formula: see text] is energy density and [Formula: see text] is bag constant. This approach allows to find electric charge from the Einstein–Maxwell field equations. We have extensively discussed the behavior of the electric charge and anisotropic fluid distribution factor for five different values of [Formula: see text]. Interestingly, it is noticed during this study, for smaller values of [Formula: see text] we get intensity in electric charge. The Tolman–Oppenheimer–Volkoff equation (TOV), is modified in order to carry electric charge. In particular, we model the compact star candidates SAXJ 1808.4–3658 and Vela X-1 and give graphical representation of some important properties such as equilibrium condition, mass-radius ratio and surface redshift. In the end, our calculated solutions provide strong evidences for more realistic and viable charged stellar model.

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Clark, Ian. "Businessmen and Mental Illness: The foundation of a new charity." Bulletin of the Royal College of Psychiatrists 11, no. 11 (November 1987): 366–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/s0140078900018411.

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The popular perception of the business world is that dog eats dog, with the executive expecting material rewards to compensate for high levels of stress and risk taking. If you fail—too bad—you had it good for a while. A caricature of course, but like most caricatures it contains a kernel of truth. Sympathy for business colleagues who do fail is not a facility prized by competitively striving senior managers, viz Robert Maxwell's statements on the launch of the second London newspaper, “It's the law of the jungle—the survival of the fittest”.

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Chambers, Claire Maria. "Transcultural Consumption through a “Queer” Narrative: Douglas Maxwell’s Our Bad Magnet in Seoul." Theatre Journal 67, no. 2 (2015): 235–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/tj.2015.0060.

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Nazar, H., and G. Abbas. "Model of Charged Anisotropic Strange Stars in Minimally Coupled f R Gravity." Advances in Astronomy 2021 (January 2, 2021): 1–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/6698208.

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In the present article, we have investigated a new family of nonsingular solutions of static relativistic compact sphere which incorporates the characteristics of anisotropic fluid and electromagnetic field in the context of minimally coupled f R theory of gravity. The strange matter MIT bag model equation of state (EoS) has been considered along with the usual forms of the Karori–Barua KB metric potentials. For this purpose, we derived the Einstein–Maxwell field equations in the assistance of strange matter EoS and KB type ansatz by employing the two viable and cosmologically well-consistent models of f R = R + γ R 2 and f R = R + γ R R + α R 2 . Thereafter, we have checked the physical acceptability of the proposed results such as pressure, energy density, energy conditions, TOV equation, stability conditions, mass function, compactness, and surface redshift by using graphical representation. Moreover, we have investigated that the energy density and radial pressure are nonsingular at the core or free from central singularity and always regular at every interior point of the compact sphere. The numerical values of such parameters along with the surface density, charge to radius ratio, and bag constant are computed for three well-known compact stars such as CS1 SAXJ 1808 . 4 − 3658 ( x ˜ = 7.07 km , CS2 VelaX − 1 x ˜ = 9.56 km , and CS3 4U1820 − 30 x ˜ = 10 km and are presented in Tables 1–6. Conclusively, we have noticed that our presented charged compact stellar object in the background of two well-known f R models obeys all the necessary conditions for the stable equilibrium position and which is also perfectly fit to compose the strange quark star object.

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El Ghandouri, Abdelhak, Salaheddine Sayouri, Tajeddine Lamcharfi, and Abdelhalim Elbasset. "Structural, microstructural and dielectric properties of Ba1−xLaxTi(1−x∕4)O3 prepared by sol gel method." Journal of Advanced Dielectrics 09, no. 03 (June 2019): 1950026. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s2010135x19500267.

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Detailed structural and dielectric properties of Lanthanum-doped barium titanate [Formula: see text]Lax[Formula: see text]O3 ceramic powders BLTx (where [Formula: see text]; 0.10; 0.20; 0.30 and 0.40)/BT, BLT10, BLT20, BLT30 and BLT40, synthesized by the sol gel process, calcined at 900∘C for 3[Formula: see text]h and sintered at 1250∘C for 6[Formula: see text]h, have been investigated. The phase formation and crystal structure of the samples were checked by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Raman spectroscopy. The samples crystallize in the pure perovskite structure that transforms from tetragonal to pseudocubic under doping with La; results that have been confirmed by Rietveld Refinement technique. The estimated average crystallite size of the samples was about 23[Formula: see text]nm. Dielectric parameters (dielectric permittivity and losses) were determined in the temperature range room temperature (RT) — 280∘C and in the frequency range 500[Formula: see text]Hz–2[Formula: see text]MHz. La doping gives rise to a strong decrease of the ferro-to-paraelectric transition temperature, and the frequency dependence of the permittivity shows that the samples with [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] reach their resonance frequency. The frequency dependence of impedance and electric modulus properties were studied over a wide frequency range from 1[Formula: see text]kHz to 2[Formula: see text]MHz at various temperatures to confirm the contributions from grains and grain-boundaries. The complex impedance analysis data have been presented in the Nyquist plot which is used to identify the corresponding equivalent circuit and fundamental circuit parameters; it was found that the grain boundaries resistance is dominant at room temperature. The frequency dependence of the parameters permittivity, losses and AC conductivity reveals that the relaxation process is of the Maxwell–Wagner type of interfacial polarization.

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