Journal articles: 'Maximal policy'

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Frazin, Bruce S. "Maximal dilution of Activase." American Journal of Health-System Pharmacy 47, no. 5 (May 1, 1990): 1016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ajhp/47.5.1016.

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Adebayo. "In Search of Maximal Citizenship in Educational Policy for Young People: Analysing Citizenship in Finnish Religious Education in View of the “Maximal” Conception." Social Sciences 8, no. 8 (August 2, 2019): 232. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/socsci8080232.

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The place of religion and how it should be employed in education for citizenship is currently an issue in Europe. The challenges of increasing diversity are the underlying factors. The conception of maximal citizenship (a critical model of citizenship) gives a significant framework for analysis and scholarly perspectives about several European contexts on this matter. However, there is hardly maximal citizenship in Finnish contexts in scholarship. Hence, this work searches for the elements of maximal citizenship in educational policy for young people by employing the policy relating to citizenship in Finnish religious education (RE). Focusing on grades 7–9 of basic education, its primary data is based on selected national policy documents. The data were analysed using critical discourse analysis. The main findings suggest that citizenship in Finnish RE is only somewhat compatible with the characteristics of maximal citizenship. This reveals some policy shortcomings that could negatively affect the potential of critical-mindedness of young people and equal opportunities in a democracy. Hence, some suggestions that could improve the situation are embedded in the paper. Nevertheless, a linguistic conception of citizenship in Finland vis-à-vis a recent development in national educational policy seems to push the conception of maximal citizenship in a relatively new direction. Furthermore, an explicit use of the “Convention on the Rights of the Child” in Finnish curriculum broadens our conception of maximal citizenship in general. Moreover, while scholars agree that maximal citizenship is essentially “critical”, this piece suggests that every “critical” approach to citizenship education is not necessarily “maximal”.

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Zhao, Liming, and Yanqing Chen. "Optimal Subsidies for Green Products: A Maximal Policy Benefit Perspective." Symmetry 11, no. 1 (January 8, 2019): 63. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/sym11010063.

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Replacing traditional products with green products has become a key way to achieve decoupling between economic development and environmental pollution. As an incentive mechanism, subsidies can be provided by a government to facilitate the popularization and acceptance of green products. Subsidies play a significant role in encouraging the development of green products. We explored the proper optimal subsidy mechanism for green products from the angle of maximizing the net policy return, which cannot only encourage the development of green products but also do not aggravate financial burden for the government. In order to explore the optimal subsidy level for green products from the perspective of net policy benefit maximization, this paper established the optimal subsidy principal-agent models and a numerical example was presented to verify the effectiveness of the model we constructed. The results show that improving investors’ preference and eliminating asymmetric information contribute to reduce subsidy cost savings. Additionally, improving consumer environmental awareness, promoting the development and application of green technology, and reducing market risk reduce subsidy costs. This article provides policymakers with an effective subsidy scheme to accelerate the development of green products and achieve sustainable development goals.

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Xu, Chong Huan, and Chun Hua Ju. "New Policy of Maximal Frequent Itemsets in Data Stream Mining." Applied Mechanics and Materials 26-28 (June 2010): 118–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.26-28.118.

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According to the features of data streams and combined sliding window, a new algorithm A-MFI which is based on self-adjusting and orderly-compound policy for mining maximal frequent itemsets in data stream is proposed. This algorithm which is based on basic window updates information from data stream flow fragments and scans the stream only once to gain and store it in frequent itemsets list when the data stream flows. The core idea of this algorithm: construct self-adjusting and orderly-compound FP-tree, use mixed subset pruning techniques to reduce the search space, merge nodes which has equal minsup in the same branch and compress to generate the orderly-compound FP-tree to avoid superset checking when mining maximal frequent itemsets. The experimental results show that the algorithm has higher efficiency in time and space, and also has good scalability.

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Razi, Abolfazl, Fatemeh Afghah, and Ali Abedi. "Channel-Adaptive Packetization Policy for Minimal Latency and Maximal Energy Efficiency." IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications 15, no. 3 (March 2016): 2407–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/twc.2015.2503750.

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Bušić, Ana, Varun Gupta, and Jean Mairesse. "Stability of the Bipartite Matching Model." Advances in Applied Probability 45, no. 2 (June 2013): 351–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1239/aap/1370870122.

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We consider the bipartite matching model of customers and servers introduced by Caldentey, Kaplan and Weiss (2009). Customers and servers play symmetrical roles. There are finite sets C and S of customer and server classes, respectively. Time is discrete and at each time step one customer and one server arrive in the system according to a joint probability measure μ on C× S, independently of the past. Also, at each time step, pairs of matched customers and servers, if they exist, depart from the system. Authorized matchings are given by a fixed bipartite graph (C, S, E⊂ C × S). A matching policy is chosen, which decides how to match when there are several possibilities. Customers/servers that cannot be matched are stored in a buffer. The evolution of the model can be described by a discrete-time Markov chain. We study its stability under various admissible matching policies, including ML (match the longest), MS (match the shortest), FIFO (match the oldest), RANDOM (match uniformly), and PRIORITY. There exist natural necessary conditions for stability (independent of the matching policy) defining the maximal possible stability region. For some bipartite graphs, we prove that the stability region is indeed maximal for any admissible matching policy. For the ML policy, we prove that the stability region is maximal for any bipartite graph. For the MS and PRIORITY policies, we exhibit a bipartite graph with a non-maximal stability region.

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Bušić, Ana, Varun Gupta, and Jean Mairesse. "Stability of the Bipartite Matching Model." Advances in Applied Probability 45, no. 02 (June 2013): 351–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0001867800006364.

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We consider the bipartite matching model of customers and servers introduced by Caldentey, Kaplan and Weiss (2009). Customers and servers play symmetrical roles. There are finite sets C and S of customer and server classes, respectively. Time is discrete and at each time step one customer and one server arrive in the system according to a joint probability measure μ on C× S, independently of the past. Also, at each time step, pairs of matched customers and servers, if they exist, depart from the system. Authorized matchings are given by a fixed bipartite graph (C, S, E⊂ C × S). A matching policy is chosen, which decides how to match when there are several possibilities. Customers/servers that cannot be matched are stored in a buffer. The evolution of the model can be described by a discrete-time Markov chain. We study its stability under various admissible matching policies, including ML (match the longest), MS (match the shortest), FIFO (match the oldest), RANDOM (match uniformly), and PRIORITY. There exist natural necessary conditions for stability (independent of the matching policy) defining the maximal possible stability region. For some bipartite graphs, we prove that the stability region is indeed maximal for any admissible matching policy. For the ML policy, we prove that the stability region is maximal for any bipartite graph. For the MS and PRIORITY policies, we exhibit a bipartite graph with a non-maximal stability region.

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Chen, Pei Shuai, and Chong Huan Xu. "Maximal Frequent Itemsets in Data Stream Mining Based on Orderly-Compound Policy." Applied Mechanics and Materials 26-28 (June 2010): 113–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.26-28.113.

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Mining maximal frequent itemsets get the advantage of a relatively small number of itemsets. Compared to mining frequent itemsets and mining frequent closed itemsets, such algorithm has higher time and space efficiency. According to the features of data streams and combined sliding window, a new algorithm E-FPMFI which is based on orderly-compound policy for mining maximal frequent itemsets in data stream is proposed. The algorithm based on basic window updates information from data stream flow fragment and scans the stream only once to gain and store it in frequent itemsets list. The algorithm construct FP-tree, then compress orderly FP-tree by merging nodes which has equal minsup in same branch, also uses subset mix pruning technique, avoid superset checking. The experimental results show the algorithm has higher time, space efficiency and good scalability.

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Georgiadis, Leonidas, Wojciech Szpankowski, and Leandros Tassiulas. "A scheduling policy with maximal stability region for ring networks with spatial reuse." Queueing Systems 19, no. 1-2 (March 1995): 131–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf01148943.

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Yang, Long, Qian Zheng, and Gang Pan. "Sample Complexity of Policy Gradient Finding Second-Order Stationary Points." Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence 35, no. 12 (May 18, 2021): 10630–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1609/aaai.v35i12.17271.

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The policy-based reinforcement learning (RL) can be considered as maximization of its objective. However, due to the inherent non-concavity of its objective, the policy gradient method to a first-order stationary point (FOSP) cannot guar- antee a maximal point. A FOSP can be a minimal or even a saddle point, which is undesirable for RL. It has be found that if all the saddle points are strict, all the second-order station- ary points (SOSP) are exactly equivalent to local maxima. Instead of FOSP, we consider SOSP as the convergence criteria to characterize the sample complexity of policy gradient. Our result shows that policy gradient converges to an (ε, √εχ)-SOSP with probability at least 1 − O(δ) after the total cost of O(ε−9/2)sinificantly improves the state of the art cost O(ε−9).Our analysis is based on the key idea that decomposes the parameter space Rp into three non-intersected regions: non-stationary point region, saddle point region, and local optimal region, then making a local improvement of the objective of RL in each region. This technique can be potentially generalized to extensive policy gradient methods. For the complete proof, please refer to https://arxiv.org/pdf/2012.01491.pdf.

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Audenaert, Pieter, Didier Colle, and Mario Pickavet. "Policy-Compliant Maximum Network Flows." Applied Sciences 9, no. 5 (February 28, 2019): 863. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app9050863.

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Computer network administrators are often interested in the maximal bandwidth that can be achieved between two nodes in the network, or how many edges can fail before the network gets disconnected. Classic maximum flow algorithms that solve these problems are well-known. However, in practice, network policies are in effect, severely restricting the flow that can actually be set up. These policies are put into place to conform to service level agreements and optimize network throughput, and can have a large impact on the actual routing of the flows. In this work, we model the problem and define a series of progressively more complex conditions and algorithms that calculate increasingly tighter bounds on the policy-compliant maximum flow using regular expressions and finite state automata. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first time that specific conditions are deduced, which characterize how to calculate policy-compliant maximum flows using classic algorithms on an unmodified network.

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Schlomi, Mattan. "Allium, Argenti, et Aqua sancta: Transgressing Molecular Boundaries in Hematology Post-Alucard." Journal of Alternative, Complementary & Integrative Medicine 8, no. 5 (October 6, 2022): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.24966/acim-7562/100279.

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Policy implications are the continued investment on a national level in defense against legitimate natural and supernatural threats, with as minimal oversight and maximal budgetary leeway as can be maintained in secrecy.

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Dragu, Tiberiu, and Hannah K. Simpson. "Veto players, policy change, and institutional design." Research & Politics 4, no. 3 (July 2017): 205316801772270. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2053168017722704.

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What institutional arrangements allow veto players to secure maximal welfare when all agree on both the need for and the direction of policy change? To answer this question, we conduct a mechanism design analysis. We focus on a system with two veto players, each with incomplete information about the other’s policy preferences. We show that the unique welfare-maximizing mechanism is the mechanism that implements the preferred policy of the player whose ideal policy is closer to the status quo. We provide examples of institutional structures under which the unique equilibrium outcome of this two-player incomplete information game is the policy outcome implemented by this mechanism, and argue that our result can be used as a normative benchmark to assess the optimality of veto player institutions.

14

Liu, Dong, and Chenyang Yang. "Caching Policy Toward Maximal Success Probability and Area Spectral Efficiency of Cache-Enabled HetNets." IEEE Transactions on Communications 65, no. 6 (June 2017): 2699–714. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tcomm.2017.2680447.

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WANG, Kun, Mu-gen PENG, and Wen-bo WANG. "Distributed scheduling based on polling policy with maximal spatial reuse in multi-hop WMNs." Journal of China Universities of Posts and Telecommunications 14, no. 3 (September 2007): 22–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1005-8885(07)60143-5.

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Wu, Ting. "Harvesting of a Prey-Predator Fishery Based on Holling Type II Functional Response System." Advanced Materials Research 524-527 (May 2012): 3384–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.524-527.3384.

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This paper explores a reasonable ratio-dependent prey-predator system with Holling type II. By applying the Pontryagin's maximal principle, the optimal tax policy is investigated. A simulation is carried out in the end.

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Row, Ter-Chan, Wei-Ming Syu, Yen-Liang Pan, and Ching-Cheng Wang. "One Novel and Optimal Deadlock Recovery Policy for Flexible Manufacturing Systems Using Iterative Control Transitions Strategy." Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2019 (March 27, 2019): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/4847072.

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This paper focuses on solving deadlock problems of flexible manufacturing systems (FMS) based on Petri nets theory. Precisely, one novel control transition technology is developed to solve FMS deadlock problem. This new proposed technology can not only identify the maximal saturated tokens of idle places in Petri net model (PNM) but also further reserve all original reachable markings whatever they are legal or illegal ones. In other words, once the saturated number of tokens in idle places is identified, the maximal markings of system reachability graph can then be checked. Two classical S3PR (the Systems of Simple Sequential Processes with Resources) examples are used to illustrate the proposed technology. Experimental results indicate that the proposed algorithm of control transition technology seems to be the best one among all existing algorithms.

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Li, Cun Rong, Bhaba R. Sarker, and Hui Zhi Yi. "The Procurement Policy and Optimal Stopping Time of Machining Tools." Applied Mechanics and Materials 627 (September 2014): 314–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.627.314.

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This research studies the impact of maximum allowable stopping time for machining tools on the production-inventory policy under a variable tools lifespan and demand. A mathematical model is developed to determine the optimal maximal allowing stopping time, the inventory level, and the replenishment interval. A numerical example was conducted using an exhaustive searching method to show the implementation of our model. The results indicate that, compared to the traditional policy which only repairs and replace the broken tools, adopting a maximum allowable stopping time dramatically reduced the total production cost.

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Hall, Michael G. "Coalition Formation and Models of Capitalism." Business and Politics 8, no. 3 (December 2006): 1–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.2202/1469-3569.1150.

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Why do different industrial democracies employ different processes in determining trade policy and different models of capitalism? Two variables account for the nature of the decision-making process for trade policy. First, the level of inter-industry factor mobility determines if class or sectoral coalitions predominate. Second, the size of policy coalitions depends on which branch of government dominates trade policy. Legislatures favor minimum winning coalitions, while executives favor maximal coalitions. These two variables condition different patterns of coalition making: partisan, pluralist, corporatist, and interventionist. I illustrate this theory analyzing the development of policymaking concerning trade in France and Sweden.

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Lasserre, J. B. "A new policy iteration scheme for Markov decision processes using Schweitzer's formula." Journal of Applied Probability 31, no. 1 (March 1994): 268–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3215254.

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Given a family of Markov chains with a single recurrent class, we present a potential application of Schweitzer's exact formula relating the steady-state probability and fundamental matrices of any two chains in the family. We propose a new policy iteration scheme for Markov decision processes where in contrast to policy iteration, the new criterion for selecting an action ensures the maximal one-step average cost improvement. Its computational complexity and storage requirement are analysed.

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Lasserre, J. B. "A new policy iteration scheme for Markov decision processes using Schweitzer's formula." Journal of Applied Probability 31, no. 01 (March 1994): 268–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021900200107521.

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Given a family of Markov chains with a single recurrent class, we present a potential application of Schweitzer's exact formula relating the steady-state probability and fundamental matrices of any two chains in the family. We propose a new policy iteration scheme for Markov decision processes where in contrast to policy iteration, the new criterion for selecting an action ensures the maximal one-step average cost improvement. Its computational complexity and storage requirement are analysed.

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Pan, Yen-Liang, Ching-Yun Tseng, and Ter-Chan Row. "Design of improved optimal and suboptimal deadlock prevention for flexible manufacturing systems based on place invariant and reachability graph analysis methods." Journal of Algorithms & Computational Technology 11, no. 3 (May 30, 2017): 261–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1748301817710922.

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Flexible manufacturing systems exhibit a high degree of resource sharing. Since the parts advancing through the system compete for a finite number of resources, a deadlock may occur. Accordingly, many pioneers make efforts in the issue. However, how to obtain maximally permissive supervisors in deadlock flexible manufacturing system is an extremely difficult and time-consuming problem. In existing literature, place invariant) and graph analysis method are merged called maximal number of forbidding First Bad Marking (FBM) problem to obtained optimal controllers with a small number of control places. However, this prevention just can be used in some special nets. For general cases, deadlocks could still exist. Therefore, this paper tries to propose one improved iterative deadlock prevention policy to solve above disadvantage. Experimental results show that the proposed improved policy can be used in all kinds of nets. In other words, it does improve the drawback of conventional maximal number of forbidding First Bad Marking (FBM) problem technology.

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YANG, X., J. LIANG, and Y. WU. "CPDO WITH FINITE TERMINATION: MAXIMAL RETURN UNDER CASH-IN AND CASH-OUT CONDITIONS." ANZIAM Journal 57, no. 3 (January 2016): 207–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1446181115000449.

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The maximal return and optimal leverage of a constant proportion debt obligation with finite termination and two boundaries are analysed by numerically solving Hamilton–Jacobi–Bellman equations. We discuss the probabilities of the asset value reaching the upper or lower bound under the optimal control and the optimal control problem with a time-varying boundary. Furthermore, we also analyse the relationship between the optimal return, the optimal policy and different parameters.

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Novlyani, Citra. "Implementation of Earmarking Tax Policy on Motor Vehicle Taxes in Bekasi City." Ilomata International Journal of Tax and Accounting 2, no. 2 (April 29, 2021): 166–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.52728/ijtc.v2i2.237.

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The phenomenon in the research is that there are still many congestion points due to the lack of road construction, lack of infrastructure related to road maintenance, and inadequate transportation modes. This study aims to analyze the Implementation of Earmarking Tax Policy on Vehicle Tax Collection in Bekasi City along with the constraints and efforts in implementation. The theory used in this study is the implementation theory of Ripley and Franklin with 3 indicators of implementation, the level of compliance, smooth routines and functions, and the realization of desired performance and impact. The research method used a qualitative approach with descriptive specificity.The result of the research is the implementation of the Earmarking Tax Policy on the Collection of Motor Vehicle Tax in Bekasi City for the compliance of the implementer in the matter of levying already in accordance with the regulation, but the allocation has not been maximal yet. Functional routine implementers are not yet maximal because there are still few technical issues and separation of funding post / account in the allocation, and no further regulations regarding technical and standard operating procedure (SOP) for earmarking tax funds cannot be seen and controlled. The realization of the performance and the desired impact is also not optimal because there are still many congestion points and road structures that are still not good and adequate public transportation for the entire reach of the City of Bekasi.

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Ochiai, Kazunori, Hiroshi Sasaki, Yoshiteru Terashima, and Masanori Fukushima. "Prognostic Factor Analysis and Treatment Results of Ovarian Cancer in Japan." International Journal of Technology Assessment in Health Care 10, no. 3 (1994): 406–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0266462300006644.

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AbstractPrognostic factors were analyzed among women with ovarian cancer. Stage, histologic subtype and grade, age, performance status, residual tumor size, and platinum-based chemotherapy were factors that significantly influenced the survival rate. Based on these findings, we performed maximal cytoreductive surgery and gave dose-intensified platinum-based chemotherapy to patients with advanced disease and were able to improve survival rate significantly.

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Wu, Ting. "Harvesting Analysis of a Predator-Prey System with Functional Response." Advanced Materials Research 805-806 (September 2013): 1957–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.805-806.1957.

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In this paper, a predator-prey system with functional response is studied,and a set of sufficient conditions are obtained for the stability of equilibrium point of the system. Moreover, optimal harvesting policy is obtained by using the maximal principle,and numerical simulation is applied to illustrate the correctness.

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Pan, Yen-Liang, Yi-Sheng Huang, Yi-Shun Weng, Weimin Wu, and MuDer Jeng. "Computationally Improved Optimal Control Methodology for Linear Programming Problems of Flexible Manufacturing Systems." Journal of Applied Mathematics 2013 (2013): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/294835.

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Deadlock prevention policies are used to solve the deadlock problems of FMSs. It is well known that the theory of regions is the efficient method for obtaining optimal (i.e., maximally permissive) controllers. All legal and live maximal behaviors of Petri net models can be preserved by using marking/transition-separation instances (MTSIs) or event-state-separation-problem (ESSP) methods. However, they encountered great difficulties in solving all sets of inequalities that is an extremely time consuming problem. Moreover, the number of linear programming problems (LPPs) of legal markings is also exponential with net size when a plant net grows exponentially. This paper proposes a novel methodology to reduce the number of MTSIs/ESSPs and LPPs. In this paper, we used the well-known reduction approach Murata (1989) to simply the construct of system such that the problem of LPPs can then be reduced. Additionally, critical ones of crucial marking/transition-separation instances (COCMTSI) are developed and used in our deadlock prevention policy that allows designers to employ few MTSIs to deal with deadlocks. Experimental results indicate that the computational cost can be reduced. To our knowledge, this deadlock prevention policy is the most efficient policy to obtain maximal permissive behavior of Petri net models than past approaches.

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Stanke, Mario. "Sequential selection of random vectors under a sum constraint." Journal of Applied Probability 41, no. 1 (March 2004): 131–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1239/jap/1077134673.

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We observe a sequence X1, X2,…, Xn of independent and identically distributed coordinatewise nonnegative d-dimensional random vectors. When a vector is observed it can either be selected or rejected but once made this decision is final. In each coordinate the sum of the selected vectors must not exceed a given constant. The problem is to find a selection policy that maximizes the expected number of selected vectors. For a general absolutely continuous distribution of the Xi we determine the maximal expected number of selected vectors asymptotically and give a selection policy which asymptotically achieves optimality. This problem raises a question closely related to the following problem. Given an absolutely continuous measure μ on Q = [0,1]d and a τ ∈ Q, find a set A of maximal measure μ(A) among all A ⊂ Q whose center of gravity lies below τ in all coordinates. We will show that a simplicial section {x ∈ Q | 〈x, θ〉 ≤ 1}, where θ ∈ ℝd, θ ≥ 0, satisfies a certain additional property, is a solution to this problem.

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Stanke, Mario. "Sequential selection of random vectors under a sum constraint." Journal of Applied Probability 41, no. 01 (March 2004): 131–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021900200014091.

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We observe a sequence X 1, X 2,…, X n of independent and identically distributed coordinatewise nonnegative d-dimensional random vectors. When a vector is observed it can either be selected or rejected but once made this decision is final. In each coordinate the sum of the selected vectors must not exceed a given constant. The problem is to find a selection policy that maximizes the expected number of selected vectors. For a general absolutely continuous distribution of the X i we determine the maximal expected number of selected vectors asymptotically and give a selection policy which asymptotically achieves optimality. This problem raises a question closely related to the following problem. Given an absolutely continuous measure μ on Q = [0,1] d and a τ ∈ Q, find a set A of maximal measure μ(A) among all A ⊂ Q whose center of gravity lies below τ in all coordinates. We will show that a simplicial section { x ∈ Q | 〈 x , θ 〉 ≤ 1}, where θ ∈ ℝ d , θ ≥ 0, satisfies a certain additional property, is a solution to this problem.

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Huang, Yi Sheng, and Ter Chan Row. "Petri Net Channelized-Based Deadlock Prevention Policy for Flexible Manufacturing Systems." Advanced Materials Research 317-319 (August 2011): 552–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.317-319.552.

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Petri nets are employed to model flexible manufacturing systems (FMSs). However, the system deadlocked are possible happened. The conventional deadlock prevention policies are always to forbid the system entering the deadlock by using the control places. To obtain a live system, some dead markings must be sacrificed in the traditional policies. Therefore, the original reachability states of the original model can not be conserved. However, this paper is able to maintain all the reachability states of the original net and guaranty the control system live. Under our control policy, all number of reachability states of the original net will be preserved. Finally, two examples are performed that can reach the maximal permissiveness for FMSs using Petri net models (PNMs).

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Meriem, Bouhadjar, Halim Zeghdoudi, and Abdelali Ezzebsa. "Some Resultats on Optimal Allocation of Policy Limits and Deductibles: Mixture Model." European Journal of Statistics 2 (November 29, 2021): 4. http://dx.doi.org/10.28924/ada/stat.2.4.

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The main purpose of this paper is to introduce and investigate stochastic orders of scalar products of random vectors. We study the problem of finding maximal expected utility for some functional on insurance portfolios involving some additional (independent) randomization. Furthermore, applications in policy limits and deductible are obtained, we consider the scalar product of two random vectors which separates the severity effect and the frequency effect in the study of the optimal allocation of policy limits and deductibles. In that respect, we obtain the ordering of the optimal allocation of policy limits and deductibles when the dependence structure of the losses is unknown. Our application is a further study of [1 − 6].

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Xiao, Yuelei, and Haiqi Li. "Privacy Preserving Data Publishing for Multiple Sensitive Attributes Based on Security Level." Information 11, no. 3 (March 22, 2020): 166. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/info11030166.

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Privacy preserving data publishing has received considerable attention for publishing useful information while preserving data privacy. The existing privacy preserving data publishing methods for multiple sensitive attributes do not consider the situation that different values of a sensitive attribute may have different sensitivity requirements. To solve this problem, we defined three security levels for different sensitive attribute values that have different sensitivity requirements, and given an L s l -diversity model for multiple sensitive attributes. Following this, we proposed three specific greed algorithms based on the maximal-bucket first (MBF), maximal single-dimension-capacity first (MSDCF) and maximal multi-dimension-capacity first (MMDCF) algorithms and the maximal security-level first (MSLF) greed policy, named as MBF based on MSLF (MBF-MSLF), MSDCF based on MSLF (MSDCF-MSLF) and MMDCF based on MSLF (MMDCF-MSLF), to implement the L s l -diversity model for multiple sensitive attributes. The experimental results show that the three algorithms can greatly reduce the information loss of the published microdata, but their runtime is only a small increase, and their information loss tends to be stable with the increasing of data volume. And they can solve the problem that the information loss of MBF, MSDCF and MMDCF increases greatly with the increasing of sensitive attribute number.

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Kurniawan, Rudy Cahya. "IMPLEMENTATION OF INDONESIAN POLICE (POLRI) TASK IN CHANGING ERA: A PARADIGMATIC STUDY ON THE MODEL OF COMMUNITY PERPOLISM (POLMAS), LEGAL ENFORCEMENT AND LOCAL FUNCTION." Jurnal Pembaharuan Hukum 6, no. 1 (March 31, 2019): 125. http://dx.doi.org/10.26532/jph.v6i1.4878.

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Before Society Police was carried out the community still complained about the police's performance which was not maximal in overcoming and minimizing the security of criminal acts within the community itself, so it was hoped that with the establishment of Society Police, Society Police could help the police in dealing with crime around the community so safe and orderly environment. The writing of this dissertation is essentially focused on the implementation of Polri's duties in the changing era with a paradigmatic analysis of the model of Society Police (Polmas), law enforcement and local wisdom. This effort requires cooperation between law enforcement officials. The thing that needs to be understood from the Polmas model above is the pattern of the legal system towards the implementation of Indonesian Police duties related to Society Police and problems relating to the community, especially related to solving small problems such as security and order in the community through Society Police and influencing factors the implementation of Society Police in creating a conducive society security situation . The theory or concept of criminal policy is used as the analytical system.

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Gonzalez Corcia, M. Cecilia, Lorraine Saint Remy, Sebastien Marchandise, and Stephane Moniotte. "Exercise performance in young patients with complete atrioventricular block: the relevance of synchronous atrioventricular pacing." Cardiology in the Young 26, no. 6 (January 22, 2016): 1066–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s104795111500178x.

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AbstractAt present, there are many pacing strategies for young patients with complete atrioventricular block. The most frequent policy is to attempt placing a dual-chamber system when possible; however, there is a group of patients that is functioning with a non-synchronous ventricular pacing, raising the question of the ideal timing to upgrade their systems. We investigated the exercise performance of a group of children and young adults with complete atrioventricular block and dual-chamber pacemakers in both single- and dual-chamber pacing modalities. A total of 15 patients performed maximal exercise stress testing after programming the VVIR or DDD modes with 2 hours of interval in a double-blind study protocol.Compared with VVIR pacing, DDD pacing resulted in increase in the peak VO2, longer test duration, major increase in the heart rate achieved during peak exercise, decreased systemic non-invasive arterial blood pressure measured at maximal exercise, higher maximal workload, prolongation of the anaerobic threshold timing, and better self-rated performance perception in all the patients.Synchronous atrioventricular pacing contributes to an increase in both the exercise performance and the performance perception in 100% of the patients. This difference contributes to create a sense of “fitness” with repercussions in the overall health, self-esteem, and life quality, as well as encourages youngster to practice sports. Our experience tends to favour upgrading patients’ systems to dual-chamber systems before reaching the adolescent years, even if the centre policy is to prolong as long as possible the epicardial site in order to avoid long years of right ventricular pacing.

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Lazaridis, Christos, and J. S. Blumenthal-Barby. "Organ Donation Beyond Brain Death: Donors as Ends and Maximal Utility." American Journal of Bioethics 15, no. 8 (July 30, 2015): 17–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15265161.2015.1043407.

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Gillespie, Kathleen N., Anne Elixhauser, Dean M. Reker, James W. Fletcher, and Fredric D. Wolinsky. "Cost-Benefit and Cost-Effectiveness Analyses of Magnetic Resonance Imaging." International Journal of Technology Assessment in Health Care 1, no. 3 (July 1985): 537–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s026646230000146x.

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Any new technology that promises significant costs as well as potential benefits generates considerable interest. Such innovations bring into bold relief the fundamental problem of achieving maximal medical benefits while efficiently and equitably allocating scarce resources (II). Two tools that decision makers can use to assess the benefits and costs of implementing new technologies are cost- benefit analysis (CBA) and cost-effectiveness analysis (CEA). One technology that seems especially appropriate for the application of CBA and CEA is nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) imaging.

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Griffiths, James C., Jan De Vries, Michael I. McBurney, Suzan Wopereis, Samet Serttas, and Daniel S. Marsman. "Measuring health promotion: translating science into policy." European Journal of Nutrition 59, S2 (August 27, 2020): 11–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00394-020-02359-1.

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Abstract Commonly, it is the end of life when our health is deteriorating, that many will make drastic lifestyle changes to improve their quality of life. However, it is increasingly recognized that bringing good health-promoting behaviors into practice as early in life as possible has the most significant impact across the maximal healthspan. The WHO has brought clarity to health promotion over the last fifteen years, always centering on language relating to a process of enabling people to increase control over, and to improve, their physical, mental and social health. A good healthspan is not just freedom from morbidity and mortality, it is that joie de vivre (“joy of living”) that should accompany every day of our lifespan. Therefore, health promotion includes not only the health sector, but also needs individual commitment to achieve that target of a healthspan aligned with the lifespan. This paper explores health promotion and health literacy, and how to design appropriate nutritional studies to characterize contributors to a positive health outcome, the role the human microbiome plays in promoting health and addressing and alleviating morbidity and diseases, and finally how to characterize phenotypic flexibility and a physiologic resilience that we must maintain as our structural and functional systems are bombarded with the insults and perturbations of life.

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NIKITIN, S. "CONTROL OF MANUFACTURING SYSTEMS WITH RE-ENTRANT LINES." Mathematical Models and Methods in Applied Sciences 06, no. 02 (March 1996): 195–215. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218202596000547.

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In this paper a mathematical framework of the control theory of manufacturing systems is proposed. All possible plant structures are classified. A mathematical dynamical model which describes the dynamics of a plant is developed. With the help of this model it is shown how the real time control policy which guarantees the stable work of the plant with the quasi-maximal production rate can be designed.

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Baek, Kyungmin, and Seongsoo Choi. "The Double Edge of Professional Agency: The Contradictory Roles of Human Resource Professionals in the Implementation of the Parental Leave Policy in South Korea." Sociological Perspectives 63, no. 5 (March 5, 2020): 870–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0731121420908887.

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Why do organizations respond differently to social policies? This is an important question because it gives us a clue as to why social progress is often slow even with successful legislation. We argue that HR professionals’ conflicting roles within organizations affect modes of organizations’ compliance with a law because HR professionals are expected to adjust legal pressure to business interests when translating external requirements into internal policies. How they manage this challenge depends on variation in the development of different dimensions of their professional agency: formalization and substantive empowerment. We demonstrate empirically this argument by taking the case of South Korea’s parental leave policy. Using workplace-level data, we find that the presence of formal HR structures predicts that minimal compliance is more likely than is noncompliance, but is less likely than is maximal compliance, and that substantively empowered HR professionals contribute to making both compliance and maximal compliance more probable.

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Mendelson, Benjamin J., Rudi A. Marciniak, Carly A. Wahl, and Kyle T. Ebersole. "Body Composition Is Related to Maximal Effort Treadmill Test Time in Firefighters." Healthcare 11, no. 11 (May 31, 2023): 1607. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/healthcare11111607.

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Firefighting tasks may require near maximal levels of cardiorespiratory fitness. Previous research has indicated that body fat percentage (BF%) and aerobic capacity (VO2peak) are related to the performance of firefighting tasks. Since a standard submaximal treadmill test for firefighters is terminated at 85% of maximal heart rate (MHR), key performance information relating to maximal cardiorespiratory effort may not be measured in a submaximal test. The purpose of this study was to examine the relationships between body composition and time spent running at intensities greater that 85% MHR. Height, weight, body mass index (BMI; kg/m2), BF%, MHR (bpm), VO2peak (mL/kg/min), predicted VO2peak (P-VO2peak; mL/kg/min), submaximal treadmill test time (WFIsub Test Time; min), and maximal treadmill test time (WFImax Test Time; min) were collected in fifteen active-duty firefighters. The results indicated that significant relationships (p < 0.05) existed between BF% and VO2peak, BF% and WFImax Test Time, BF% and Tdiff, and VO2peak and WFImax Test Time. P-VO2peak was not significantly different than VO2peak, and the WFImax Test Time was significantly longer than the WFIsub Test Time. These results indicate that a submaximal treadmill test may reasonably predict VO2peak, but key information about physiological work at intensities greater than 85% MHR may be missed when using submaximal effort tests.

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Sigauke, Aaron. "Linking national policies with school and teacher education programmes: A case of civics and citizenship education in South Africa." Citizenship Teaching & Learning 15, no. 1 (March 1, 2020): 25–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1386/ctl_00018_1.

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While policy documents often portray a ‘maximal tone’ about proposed government programmes this may not be the case at the specific points where these programmes are to be implemented. This article reports on a study on civics and citizenship education at one South African education institution. Through a critical analysis of policy documents, teacher education modules and high school textbooks, the study aimed at enhancing an understanding of the extent to which civics and citizenship education documents at the teacher education and high school levels reflect and respond to national policy directives. Findings from the study indicate that while in some areas there are positive links between policy recommendations and institutional documents on civics and citizenship education issues, in others there are some gaps between what policy documents say and what institutional documents say. The study recommends that, to empower the learner in attempts to resolve social, political and economic problems at the local, national and global levels through citizenship education, policy directives need to be reflected in documents used at institutional levels.

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Erlina, Erlina. "KEBIJAKAN REFORMASI AGRARIA PADA MASA PEMERINTAHAN JOKO WIDODO DITINJAU DARI KAJIAN HAM DAN GENDER." Riau Law Journal 1, no. 2 (November 30, 2017): 253. http://dx.doi.org/10.30652/rlj.v1i2.4552.

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Agrarian Reform, one of the prerequisites in organizing economic development towards a just and prosperous society based on Pancasila, but there are still issues at the level of policy that is interpreted as a product of law, strategy, program and its implementation, especially viewed from human rights and gender studies. Using normative research methods with legal and doctrinal approach, it was found that the policy of Agrarian Reform in Joko Widodo Government era as a product of law and strategy and program has accommodated human rights protection protection although not maximal yet; The agrarian reform policy developed in the era of Joko Widodo Government as a legal product has accommodated gender equality and justice although not yet maximized, but as a strategy and program has not reflected on justice and gender equality

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Agustianto, Jiwa Pribadi, Krisna Hidajat, and Ayu Fitria Andarani. "IMPLEMENTASI KEBIJAKAN EARMARKING TAX ATAS PEMUNGUTAN PAJAK KENDARAAN BERMOTOR DI KOTA BEKASI PROVINSI JAWA BARAT." Jurnal Pajak Vokasi (JUPASI) 1, no. 1 (September 10, 2019): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.31334/jupasi.v1i1.488.

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The phenomenon in the research is that there are still many congestion points due to the lack of road construction, lack of infrastructure related to road maintenance, and inadequate transportation modes. This study aims to analyze the Implementation of Earmarking Tax Policy on Vehicle Tax Collection in Bekasi City West Java Province along with the constraints and efforts in implementation. The research method used a qualitative approach with descriptive specificity. The result of the research is the implementation of the Earmarking Tax Policy on the Collection of Motor Vehicle Tax in Bekasi City, West Java Province for the compliance of the implementor in the matter of levying already in accordance with the regulation, but the allocation has not been maximal yet. Functional routine implementers are not yet maximal because there are still few technical issues and separation of funding post / account in the allocation, and no further regulations regarding technical and standard operating procedure (SOP) for earmarking tax funds can not be seen and controlled. The realization of the performance and the desired impact is also not optimal because there are still many congestion points and road structures that are still not good and adequate public transportation for the entire reach of the City of Bekasi.

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Agustianto, Jiwa Pribadi, Krisna Hidajat, and Ayu Fitria Andarani. "IMPLEMENTASI KEBIJAKAN EARMARKING TAX ATAS PEMUNGUTAN PAJAK KENDARAAN BERMOTOR DI KOTA BEKASI PROVINSI JAWA BARAT." Jurnal Pajak Vokasi (JUPASI) 1, no. 1 (September 23, 2019): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.31334/jupasi.v1i1.501.

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The phenomenon in the research is that there are still many congestion points due to the lack of road construction, lack of infrastructure related to road maintenance, and inadequate transportation modes. This study aims to analyze the Implementation of Earmarking Tax Policy on Vehicle Tax Collection in Bekasi City West Java Province along with the constraints and efforts in implementation. The research method used a qualitative approach with descriptive specificity. The result of the research is the implementation of the Earmarking Tax Policy on the Collection of Motor Vehicle Tax in Bekasi City, West Java Province for the compliance of the implementor in the matter of levying already in accordance with the regulation, but the allocation has not been maximal yet. Functional routine implementers are not yet maximal because there are still few technical issues and separation of funding post / account in the allocation, and no further regulations regarding technical and standard operating procedure (SOP) for earmarking tax funds can not be seen and controlled. The realization of the performance and the desired impact is also not optimal because there are still many congestion points and road structures that are still not good and adequate public transportation for the entire reach of the City of Bekasi.

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Kim, Ho, Dongmin Kum, Insu Lee, and Jongduk Choi. "Concurrent Validity of GAITRite and the 10-m Walk Test to Measure Gait Speed in Adults with Chronic Ankle Instability." Healthcare 10, no. 8 (August 9, 2022): 1499. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/healthcare10081499.

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Since there are many different assessments related to gait speed, it is important to determine the concurrent validity of each measure so that they can be used interchangeably. Our study aimed to investigate the concurrent validity of gait speed measured by the 10 m walk test (10 MWT) and the gold standard gait analysis system, the GAITRite system, for people with chronic ankle instability (CAI). For 16 people with CAI, 4 evaluations of the 10 MWT and 4 evaluations of the GAITRite system were performed (a comfortable gait speed for 2 evaluations; a maximal gait speed for 2 evaluations). We used intraclass correlations [ICC (2,1), absolute agreement] and Bland–Altman plots to analyze the relationship between the gait speed of the two measures. The absolute agreement between the 10 MWT and the GAITRite system is at the comfortable gait speed [ICC = 0.66; p < 0.001)], and the maximal gait speed [ICC = 0.68; p < 0.001)] showed fair to good agreement. Both gait speeds had a proportional bias; the limit of agreement (LOA) was large (0.50 at the comfortable gait speed and 0.60 at the maximal gait speed). Regression-based Bland–Altman plots were created for the comfortable gait speed (R2 = 0.54, p < 0.001) and the maximal gait speed (R2 = 0.78, p < 0.001). The regression-based LOA ranged from 0.45 to 0.66 m/s for the comfortable gait speed and 1.09 to 1.37 m/s for the maximal gait speed. Our study suggests that it is undesirable to mix the 10 MWT and the GAITRite system gait speed measurements in people with CAI. Each measure should not be recorded by the same evaluation tool and referenced to normative data.

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Karaduman, Emre, Özgür Bostancı, Fatih Karakaş, Menderes Kabadayı, Ali Kerim Yılmaz, Zeki Akyildiz, Georgian Badicu, Stefania Cataldi, and Francesco Fischetti. "Pistol Shooting Performance Correlates with Respiratory Muscle Strength and Pulmonary Function in Police Cadets." Sustainability 14, no. 12 (June 20, 2022): 7515. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su14127515.

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Breathing patterns play a crucial role in shooting performance; however, little is known about the respiratory muscle strength and pulmonary capacities that control these patterns. The present study aimed to examine the relationship between shooting performance, respiratory muscle strength, and pulmonary function and to determine differences in respiratory capacities according to the shooting performance categories in police cadets. One hundred sixty-seven police cadets were recruited to assess respiratory muscle strength, pulmonary function, and shooting performance in a well-controlled environment. Measurements included maximal inspiratory pressure (MIP), maximal expiratory pressure (MEP), forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1), forced vital capacity (FVC), slow vital capacity (SVC), maximal voluntary ventilation (MVV), and pistol shooting scores. The shooting score had a moderate positive correlation with MIP (ρ = 0.33) and MEP (ρ = 0.45). FVC (ρ = 0.25), FEV1 (ρ = 0.26), SVC (ρ = 0.26) (p < 0.001) and MVV (ρ = 0.21) (p < 0.05) were slightly correlated with shooting score. There were differences between shooting performance categories in MIP, MEP, FVC, FEV1, SVC, and MVV (p < 0.001, p < 0.05). The results imply that both strong respiratory muscles and optimal pulmonary function may be one of the necessary prerequisites for superior shooting performance in police.

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Invernizzi, Pietro Luigi, Gabriele Signorini, Andrea Bosio, Gaetano Raiola, and Raffaele Scurati. "Validity and Reliability of Self-Perception-Based Submaximal Fitness Tests in Young Adult Females: An Educational Perspective." Sustainability 12, no. 6 (March 13, 2020): 2265. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12062265.

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Background: In physical activity, testing procedures generally require maximal efforts. They are not always administrable or appropriate (e.g., with beginners, elderly, or in school); therefore, alternative submaximal procedures might be more fitting. This study aimed to assess the criterion validity and reliability of submaximal tests based on perceptual variables to be used instead of the corresponding maximal procedures to evaluate muscular endurance, flexibility, and cardiorespiratory fitness. The sustainability of this “educational” rationale to achieve the individual self-government and self-determination of testing and exercising has been further discussed. Methods: A total of 16 female gym practitioners (age 23 ± 3 years) performed five submaximal tests (push-up, S-PU; crunch, S-CR; wall-sit, S-WS; bending forward, S-BF; Step test, S-ST), whose results were compared to those from the corresponding maximal tests (push-up, PU; crunch, CR; wall-sit, WS; sit-and-reach, S&R; Yo-yo, YY). Results: The Interclass Correlation Coefficient (ICC) was higher than 0.8 in all of the submaximal tests. High correlations were found between all submaximal and maximal tests except between YY and S-ST, though their mean heart rates were correlated. Conclusions: Submaximal tests based on an internal load at about 50% of the maximal perceived exertion are equally valid and reliable to the corresponding gold-standard maximal tests, except for the cardiorespiratory evaluation. The educational rationale of this study supports self-acting as a calibration mechanism of physical activity, promoting a proper use of the body but not its overuse.

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Bhattacharya, Mihir. "A model of electoral competition between national and regional parties." Journal of Theoretical Politics 30, no. 3 (May 29, 2018): 335–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0951629818774851.

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We consider a one-dimensional model of electoral competition with national and regional parties. There are two regions and three parties—one national party and one regional party for each region. We divide the paper into two parts— homogeneous and heterogeneous regions. In the former, the policy positions of the national party and the regional party of the region with the greater number of constituencies coincide with the favorite policy position of the region-wide median voter. In the latter, the national party chooses a policy position in a maximal isolation set, while the two regional parties choose policies on the same side of the national party’s policy as their own respective region-wide medians. For a given outcome function, the national party performs better when the regions are heterogeneous. In the homogeneous regions case, the national party can at best do as well as the regional party of the region with the greater number of constituencies. Our results are broadly consistent with intuition and evidence.

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Glazebrook, K. D., and S. Greatrix. "On transforming an index for generalised bandit problems." Journal of Applied Probability 32, no. 1 (March 1995): 168–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3214927.

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Nash (1980) demonstrated that index policies are optimal for a class of generalised bandit problem. A transform of the index concerned has many of the attributes of the Gittins index. The transformed index is positive-valued, with maximal values yielding optimal actions. It may be characterised as the value of a restart problem and is hence computable via dynamic programming methodologies. The transformed index can also be used in procedures for policy evaluation.

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Glazebrook, K. D., and S. Greatrix. "On transforming an index for generalised bandit problems." Journal of Applied Probability 32, no. 01 (March 1995): 168–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021900200102633.

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Nash (1980) demonstrated that index policies are optimal for a class of generalised bandit problem. A transform of the index concerned has many of the attributes of the Gittins index. The transformed index is positive-valued, with maximal values yielding optimal actions. It may be characterised as the value of a restart problem and is hence computable via dynamic programming methodologies. The transformed index can also be used in procedures for policy evaluation.

Journal articles on the topic 'Maximal policy'

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