Journal articles: 'Maunakea'

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Cherubini, Tiziana, Ryan Lyman, and Steven Businger. "Forecasting seeing for the Maunakea observatories with machine learning." Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 509, no. 1 (October 12, 2021): 232–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stab2916.

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ABSTRACT The staff at the Maunakea Weather Center (MKWC) has provided daily forecasts of optical turbulence for the summit of Maunakea for more than 20 yr. Observational measures of optical turbulence at Maunakea with which to validate official MKWC forecasts have been available since mid-2009. This paper presents a machine-learning approach to translate the MKWC experience into a forecast of the nightly average optical turbulent state of the atmosphere. Maunakea observational and forecast data were collected to build a predictive model of the total and free atmospheric seeing for the following five nights. The motivation for this work is two-fold: to provide a tool/guidance to the MKWC forecaster and allow for a dynamic calibration of the optical turbulence algorithm implemented in the MKWC Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model.

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Lyman, Ryan, Tiziana Cherubini, and Steven Businger. "Forecasting seeing for the Maunakea Observatories." Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 496, no. 4 (June 30, 2020): 4734–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/mnras/staa1787.

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ABSTRACT Optical turbulence greatly impacts the range and quality of astronomical observations. Advanced knowledge of the expected atmospheric optical turbulence provides important guidance that helps astronomers decide which instrument to schedule and enables them to optimize the adaptive optics technology that improves image resolution. Along with forecasts of weather conditions, prediction of the optical observing quality on the Maunakea summit has been a goal for the Maunakea Weather Center (MKWC) since its inception more than 20 yr ago. Forecasting optical turbulence, and its derivative, ‘seeing’, has proven to be quite challenging because optical turbulence is too small and complex to directly capture with a regional weather model. Fortunately, the permanent installation of a Differential Image Motion Monitor (DIMM) and Multi-Aperture Scintillation Sensor (MASS) at the summit of Maunakea has made seeing observations available during the last decade, providing valuable feedback to the MKWC. This paper summarizes the experience at MKWC in anticipating optical turbulence for the summit of Maunakea accrued through years of daily operational forecasting, and continuous comparison between MKWC official forecasts, model guidance, and observational measures of seeing. Access to a decade seeing observations has allowed quantification the factors that impact seeing, including wind shear, atmospheric stability patterns, and optical turbulence, and to document the seasonal and intra-seasonal variations in seeing. Consequently, the combination of experience gained, and custom model guidance has led to more accurate seeing forecasts (rms errors averaging <0.25 arcsec since 2012) for the Maunakea astronomical observatories.

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Ho`omanawanui, Ku`ualoha, Candace Fujikane, Aurora Kagawa-Viviani, Kerry Kamakaoka‘ilima Long, and Kekailoa Perry. "Teaching for Maunakea: Kiaʻi Perspectives." Amerasia Journal 45, no. 2 (May 4, 2019): 271–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00447471.2019.1686318.

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van Kooten, Maaike A. M., and Jonathan G. Izett. "Climate Change and Astronomy: A Look at Long-term Trends on Maunakea." Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific 134, no. 1039 (September 1, 2022): 095001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1538-3873/ac81ec.

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Abstract Maunakea is one of the world’s primary sites for astronomical observing, with multiple telescopes operating over submillimeter to optical wavelengths. With its summit higher than 4200 m above sea level, Maunakea is an ideal location for astronomy, with a historically dry, stable climate and minimal turbulence above the summit. Under a changing climate, however, we ask how the (above-)summit conditions may have evolved in recent decades since the site was first selected as an observatory location and how future-proof the site might be to continued change. We use data from a range of sources, including in situ meteorological observations, radiosonde profiles, and numerical reanalyses to construct a climatology at Maunakea over the previous 40 yr. We are interested in both the meteorological conditions (e.g., wind speed and humidity) and the image quality (e.g., seeing). We find that meteorological conditions were, in general, relatively stable over the period with few statistically significant trends and with quasi-cyclical interannual variability in astronomically significant parameters such as temperature and precipitable water vapor. We do, however, find that maximum wind speeds have increased over the past decades, with observed wind speeds above 15 m s−1 increasing in frequency by 1%–2%, which may have a significant impact on ground-layer turbulence. Further, we note that while the conditions themselves are not necessarily changing significantly, the combination of conditions that lead to dome closures (i.e., freezing conditions, increased summit wind speeds, and/or high humidities) are worsening to the point that the number of closure conditions have more than doubled in the last 20 yr. Importantly, we find that the Fried parameter has not changed in the last 40 yr, suggesting there has not been an increase in optical turbulence strength above the summit. Ultimately, more data and data sources—including profiling instruments—are needed at the site to ensure continued monitoring into the future and to detect changes in the summit climate.

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Schorghofer, Norbert, Matthias Leopold, and Kenji Yoshikawa. "State of High-Altitude Permafrost on Tropical Maunakea Volcano, Hawaii." Permafrost and Periglacial Processes 28, no. 4 (July 2, 2017): 685–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ppp.1954.

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Radford, Simon J. E., and Jeffery B. Peterson. "Submillimeter Atmospheric Transparency at Maunakea, at the South Pole, and at Chajnantor." Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific 128, no. 965 (June 10, 2016): 075001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1538-3873/128/965/075001.

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Francisco, Kainana S., Patrick J. Hart, Jinbao Li, Edward R. Cook, and Patrick J. Baker. "Annual rings in a native Hawaiian tree,Sophora chrysophylla, on Maunakea, Hawaiʻi." Journal of Tropical Ecology 31, no. 6 (August 12, 2015): 567–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s026646741500036x.

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Abstract:Annual rings are not commonly produced in tropical trees because they grow in a relatively aseasonal environment. However, in the subalpine zones of Hawaiʻi's highest volcanoes, there is often strong seasonal variability in temperature and rainfall. Using classical dendrochronological methods, annual growth rings were shown to occur inSophora chrysophylla, a native tree species on Maunakea, Hawaiʻi. Chronologies were established from nearby non-native, live conifer trees and these were used to verify the dates from a total of 52 series from 22S. chrysophyllatrees, establishing an 86-y chronology (1926–2011). Ring-width patterns were significantly correlated with monthly rainfall from August of the previous year. This study is the first in the eastern tropical Pacific region to demonstrate annual growth rings in trees.

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Hesser, James E., David Bohlender, and Dennis Crabtree. "Canada's Dominion Astrophysical Observatory and the rise of 20th Century Astrophysics and Technology." Proceedings of the International Astronomical Union 11, A29A (August 2015): 109–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1743921316002520.

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AbstractConstruction of Canada's Dominion Astrophysical Observatory (DAO) commenced in 1914 with first light on 6 May 1918. As distinct from the contemporaneous development with private funding of major observatories in the western United States, DAO was (and remains) funded by the federal government. Canada's initial foray into ‘big science’, creation of DAO during the First World War was driven by Canada's desire to contribute significantly to the international rise of observational astrophysics enabled by photographic spectroscopy. In 2009 the Observatory was designated a National Historic Site. DAO's varied, rich contributions to the astronomical heritage of the 20th century continue in the 21st century, with particularly strong ties to Maunakea.

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Ono, Yoshito H., Carlos M. Correia, Dave R. Andersen, Olivier Lardière, Shin Oya, Masayuki Akiyama, Kate Jackson, and Colin Bradley. "Statistics of turbulence parameters at Maunakea using the multiple wavefront sensor data of RAVEN." Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 465, no. 4 (December 31, 2016): 4931–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stw3083.

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Ilić, Dragana. "The BLR physics from the long-term optical monitoring of type-1 AGN." Proceedings of the International Astronomical Union 15, S356 (October 2019): 144. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1743921320002768.

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AbstractThe variation of optical continuum and broad emission lines is observed in all type 1 active galactic nuclei (AGN). In some cases even extreme variability is detected when broad-line profiles completely disappear as is the case in the co-called changing-look AGN, which raise new question on the theoretical model of AGN. This variability is an important tool to study the physics and geometry of the broad line region (BLR), e.g. it can be used to estimate its size through the reverberation mapping technique. Especially, long-term campaigns give new insights, like the detection of the periodic signals or discoveries of changing-look AGN. Here we will present the results of our long-term monitoring campaign of several well-known AGN, as e.g. NGC 3516 for which we confirm that it is the changing-look AGN, putting special attention of the applications for future large time-domain spectroscopic surveys, like the MaunaKea Spectroscopic Explorer project.

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MOCKFORD, EDWARD L., and PAUL D. KRUSHELNYCKY. "New species and records of Liposcelis Motschulsky (Psocoptera: Liposcelididae) from Hawaii with first description of the male of Liposcelis bostrychophila Badonnel." Zootaxa 1766, no. 1 (May 9, 2008): 53. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.1766.1.3.

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Sampling of arthropods in ground and woody vegetation habitats in highland areas on the islands of Hawaii and Maui revealed six species of psocids of the genus Liposcelis. Three are new and are here described. L. maunakea sp. n. and L. volcanorum sp. n. are closely related and form a small species complex together with L. nasus Sommerman and L. deltachi Sommerman from southwestern United States and northern Mexico. A key to the species of this complex is included. The third new species, L. kipukae sp. n., is a member of group II-C with only 5 ommatidia in the eye. A key to the known species of group II-C with fewer than 7 ommatidia in the eye is included. First Hawaiian records are presented for L. bostrychophila Badonnel, L. deltachi, and L. rufa Broadhead. The first known males of L. bostrychophila are reported and described. This species is very widespread, but generally parthenogenetic.

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MEDEIROS, MATTHEW J., JESSICA KIRKPATRICK, CHRISTINE H. ELLIOTT, ANDERSONN PRESTES, JESSE EIBEN, and DANIEL RUBINOFF. "Two new day-flying species of Agrotis Ochsenheimer (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) from the alpine summit of the Maunakea Volcano." Zootaxa 4545, no. 2 (January 17, 2019): 277. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4545.2.7.

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Two new endemic Hawaiian species of Agrotis Ochsenheimer (Noctuidae) are described: A. helela and A. kuamauna. Both species are day-flying and occur at high-elevations. Observations of adult and larval morphology and biology are included, as well as illustrations of adult moths and genitalia for both sexes.

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Rayner, John, Alan Tokunaga, Daniel Jaffe, Timothy Bond, Morgan Bonnet, Gregory Ching, Michael Connelley, et al. "iSHELL: a 1–5 micron R = 80,000 Immersion Grating Spectrograph for the NASA Infrared Telescope Facility." Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific 134, no. 1031 (January 1, 2022): 015002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1538-3873/ac3cb4.

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Abstract iSHELL is a 1.06–5.3 μm high spectral resolution spectrograph built for the 3.2 m NASA Infrared Telescope Facility (IRTF) on Maunakea, Hawaii. Dispersion is accomplished with a silicon immersion grating in order to keep the instrument small enough to be mounted at the Cassegrain focus of the telescope. The white pupil spectrograph produces resolving powers of up to about R ≡ λ/δλ = 80,000 (0.″375 slit). Cross-dispersing gratings mounted in a tiltable mechanism allow observers to select different wavelength ranges and, in combination with a slit wheel and Dekker mechanism, slit widths ranging from 0.″375 to 4.″0 and slit lengths ranging from 5″ to 25″. One Teledyne 2048 × 2048 HAWAII-2RG array is used in the spectrograph, and one Raytheon 512 × 512 Aladdin 2 array is used in a 1–5 μm slit viewer for object acquisition, guiding, and scientific imaging. iSHELL has been in productive regular use on IRTF since first light in 2016 September. In this paper we discuss details of the science case, design, construction and astronomical use of iSHELL.

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Chen, Weirui, Zheng Wang, and Xiaojun Zhou. "An Improved Radio Pointing Model for SHARC II of the Caltech Submillimeter Observatory Telescope." Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific 134, no. 1040 (October 1, 2022): 105002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1538-3873/ac94f7.

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Abstract In this research, we develop a new method of upgrading the radio pointing model of an important instrument of the Caltech Submillimeter Observatory (CSO) telescope, i.e., the Submillimeter High Angular Resolution Camera II (SHARC II), by making three types of structural reconstruction of its existing model. First, the axial displacement of the secondary reflector of the telescope is introduced to the radio pointing model for SHARC II. Second, the multi-layer perceptron is applied for better describing higher-order terms in the radio pointing model, which are hard to be mathematically formulated. Third, a receding horizon modeling method is proposed to replace the time-dependent term in the existing model, for better reducing the negative impact of the time drift on the model’s accuracy. Results of numerical experiments and statistical significance analysis based on the real pointing data of SHARC II show that the reconstructed radio pointing model can improve the accuracy of estimating the pointing error, and the proposed method of upgrading the radio pointing model is effective. Considering that the CSO telescope will be moved from the old site at Maunakea, Hawaii to the new site at the Chajnantor Plateau in Chile, the proposed methods of upgrading the radio pointing model are expected to be employed for pointing correction after the telescope is refurbished at the new site.

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Ravazzani, Silvia, and Carmen Daniela Maier. "Framing of issues across actors: exploring competing discourses in digital arenas." Journal of Communication Management 21, no. 2 (May 2, 2017): 186–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jcom-07-2016-0050.

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to show how the strategic selection of discursive and interactive strategies generates specific framings of an issue to advocate opposite positions, embodying a struggle of power between parties with their own agendas. Design/methodology/approach Drawing on literature within framing, digital issue arenas and critical discourse, this study analyses qualitative hypermodal data retrieved from two websites: Protect Mauna Kea, and Maunakea and Thirty Meter Telescope. These two websites frame the internationally renowned telescope’s construction on Mauna Kea Mountain in Hawaii from alternative perspectives. Findings On each website, frame articulation attempts to connect the event to specific concerns, values and beliefs in order to construct alternative versions of reality which can possibly fit with those of supporters. Simultaneously, this is reinforced by frame amplification concretized in selected discursive and interactive strategies that highlight or downplay the issue from particular perspectives. Originality/value The study offers a deep insight into the complexity and dynamic nature of framing, in particular into how framing can vary and compete across actors. It also responds to “the need for critical awareness of discourse in contemporary society” (Fairclough, 2010, p. 554) by revealing how the power positions of “challengers and powerholders” (Steinberg, 1998, p. 846) are discursively reproduced and reinforced through distinctive discursive and interactive strategies. Finally, this study adopts a critical approach to hypermodal discourse.

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Casamiquela, Laia, Marwan Gebran, Marcel A. Agüeros, Hervé Bouy, and Caroline Soubiran. "Chemically Peculiar Stars in the Open Cluster Stock 2." Astronomical Journal 164, no. 6 (November 18, 2022): 255. http://dx.doi.org/10.3847/1538-3881/ac9c56.

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Abstract The recently rediscovered open cluster Stock 2, located roughly 375 pc away and about 400 Myr old, has the potential to be an exciting new testbed for our understanding of stellar evolution. We present results from a spectroscopic campaign to characterize stars near the cluster’s main-sequence turnoff; our goal is to identify candidate chemically peculiar stars among the cluster’s A stars. We obtained échelle spectra for 64 cluster members with ESPaDOnS on the 3.6 m Canada–France–Hawaii Telescope, Maunakea Observatory, USA, and for six stars with SOPHIE on the 1.93 m telescope at the Observatoire de Haute-Provence, France. We complemented these new observations with those of 13 high-mass cluster members from the HARPS-N archive; our overall sample is of 71 stars. We derived the fundamental parameters (T eff, log g , [M/H]) as well as v e sin i for our sample using the sliced inverse regression technique, and then used iSpec to derive individual abundances of 12 chemical species. With these abundance determinations, we identified nine A stars with anomalous levels of Sc, Ca, and other metallic lines. Follow-up observations of these Am candidates with a known age can transform them into benchmarks for evolutionary models that include atomic diffusion and help build a better understanding of the complex interactions between macroscopic and microscopic processes in stellar interiors.

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Gilda, Sankalp, Stark C. Draper, Sébastien Fabbro, William Mahoney, Simon Prunet, Kanoa Withington, Matthew Wilson, Yuan-Sen Ting, and Andrew Sheinis. "Uncertainty-aware learning for improvements in image quality of the Canada–France–Hawaii Telescope." Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 510, no. 1 (November 11, 2021): 870–902. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stab3243.

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ABSTRACT We leverage state-of-the-art machine learning methods and a decade’s worth of archival data from Canada–France–Hawaii Telescope (CFHT) to predict observatory image quality (IQ) from environmental conditions and observatory operating parameters. Specifically, we develop accurate and interpretable models of the complex dependence between data features and observed IQ for CFHT’s wide-field camera, MegaCam. Our contributions are several-fold. First, we collect, collate, and reprocess several disparate data sets gathered by CFHT scientists. Second, we predict probability distribution functions of IQ and achieve a mean absolute error of ∼0.07 arcsec for the predicted medians. Third, we explore the data-driven actuation of the 12 dome ‘vents’ installed in 2013–14 to accelerate the flushing of hot air from the dome. We leverage epistemic and aleatoric uncertainties in conjunction with probabilistic generative modelling to identify candidate vent adjustments that are in-distribution (ID); for the optimal configuration for each ID sample, we predict the reduction in required observing time to achieve a fixed signal-to-noise ratio. On average, the reduction is $\sim 12{{\ \rm per\ cent}}$. Finally, we rank input features by their Shapley values to identify the most predictive variables for each observation. Our long-term goal is to construct reliable and real-time models that can forecast optimal observatory operating parameters to optimize IQ. We can then feed such forecasts into scheduling protocols and predictive maintenance routines. We anticipate that such approaches will become standard in automating observatory operations and maintenance by the time CFHT’s successor, the Maunakea Spectroscopic Explorer, is installed in the next decade.

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Rubin, David, G. Aldering, P. Antilogus, C. Aragon, S. Bailey, C. Baltay, S. Bongard, et al. "Uniform Recalibration of Common Spectrophotometry Standard Stars onto the CALSPEC System Using the SuperNova Integral Field Spectrograph." Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series 263, no. 1 (October 21, 2022): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.3847/1538-4365/ac7b7f.

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Abstract We calibrate spectrophotometric optical spectra of 32 stars commonly used as standard stars, referenced to 14 stars already on the Hubble Space Telescope–based CALSPEC flux system. Observations of CALSPEC and non-CALSPEC stars were obtained with the SuperNova Integral Field Spectrograph over the wavelength range 3300–9400 Å as calibration for the Nearby Supernova Factory cosmology experiment. In total, this analysis used 4289 standard-star spectra taken on photometric nights. As a modern cosmology analysis, all presubmission methodological decisions were made with the flux scale and external comparison results blinded. The large number of spectra per star allows us to treat the wavelength-by-wavelength calibration for all nights simultaneously with a Bayesian hierarchical model, thereby enabling a consistent treatment of the Type Ia supernova cosmology analysis and the calibration on which it critically relies. We determine the typical per-observation repeatability (median 14 mmag for exposures ≳5 s), the Maunakea atmospheric transmission distribution (median dispersion of 7 mmag with uncertainty 1 mmag), and the scatter internal to our CALSPEC reference stars (median of 8 mmag). We also check our standards against literature filter photometry, finding generally good agreement over the full 12 mag range. Overall, the mean of our system is calibrated to the mean of CALSPEC at the level of ∼3 mmag. With our large number of observations, careful cross-checks, and 14 reference stars, our results are the best calibration yet achieved with an integral-field spectrograph, and among the best calibrated surveys.

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Moutou, C., S. Dalal, J. F. Donati, E. Martioli, C. P. Folsom, É. Artigau, I. Boisse, et al. "Early science with SPIRou: near-infrared radial velocity and spectropolarimetry of the planet-hosting star HD 189733." Astronomy & Astrophysics 642 (October 2020): A72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/202038108.

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SPIRou is the newest spectropolarimeter and high-precision velocimeter that has recently been installed at the Canada-France-Hawaii Telescope on Maunakea, Hawaii. It operates in the near-infrared and simultaneously covers the 0.98–2.35 μm domain at high spectral resolution. SPIRou is optimized for exoplanet search and characterization with the radial-velocity technique, and for polarization measurements in stellar lines and subsequent magnetic field studies. The host of the transiting hot Jupiter HD 189733 b has been observed during early science runs. We present the first near-infrared spectropolarimetric observations of the planet-hosting star as well as the stellar radial velocities as measured by SPIRou throughout the planetary orbit and two transit sequences. The planetary orbit and Rossiter-McLaughlin anomaly are both investigated and modeled. The orbital parameters and obliquity are all compatible with the values found in the optical. The obtained radial-velocity precision is compatible with about twice the photon-noise estimates for a K2 star under these conditions. The additional scatter around the orbit, of about 8 m s−1, agrees with previous results that showed that the activity-induced scatter is the dominant factor. We analyzed the polarimetric signal, Zeeman broadening, and chromospheric activity tracers such as the 1083nm HeI and the 1282nm Paβ lines to investigate stellar activity. First estimates of the average unsigned magnetic flux from the Zeeman broadening of the FeI lines give a magnetic flux of 290 ± 58 G, and the large-scale longitudinal field shows typical values of a few Gauss. These observations illustrate the potential of SPIRou for exoplanet characterization and magnetic and stellar activity studies.

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Ganguli, Priya M., Peter W. Swarzenski, Henrieta Dulaiova, Craig R. Glenn, and A. Russell Flegal. "Mercury dynamics in a coastal aquifer: Maunalua Bay, Oʻahu, Hawaiʻi." Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science 140 (March 2014): 52–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ecss.2014.01.012.

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VICENTE, Jan, Robert J. TOONEN, and Brian W. BOWEN. "Hawaiian green turtles graze on bioeroding sponges at Maunalua Bay, O‘ahu, Hawai‘i." Galaxea, Journal of Coral Reef Studies 21, no. 1 (2019): 3–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.3755/galaxea.21.1_3.

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Wolanski, Eric, Jonathan A. Martinez, and Robert H. Richmond. "Quantifying the impact of watershed urbanization on a coral reef: Maunalua Bay, Hawaii." Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science 84, no. 2 (September 2009): 259–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ecss.2009.06.029.

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Richardson, Christina M., Henrietta Dulai, and Robert B. Whittier. "Sources and spatial variability of groundwater-delivered nutrients in Maunalua Bay, Oʻahu, Hawai‘i." Journal of Hydrology: Regional Studies 11 (June 2017): 178–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ejrh.2015.11.006.

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Izuka, Scot K., and Roger L. Kaesler. "Biostratinomy of ostracode assemblages from a small reef flat in Maunalua Bay, Oahu, Hawaii." Journal of Paleontology 60, no. 2 (March 1986): 347–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022336000021867.

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Comparisons of biotopes based on ternary plots and cluster analyses of living ostracode assemblages with those from subfossil assemblages from a small reef flat show that biostratinomic processes modify the assemblages before they are incorporated into the sediment of the reef flat. Selective preservation changes the assemblages by preferentially preserving robust carapaces over fragile carapaces. The thin-shelled Paradoxostomatidae, which are abundant in the algae-dwelling assemblages, are largely destroyed by biostratinomic processes and are represented by only a few individuals in the subfossil assemblages.Mixing of algae-dwelling assemblages and sediment-dwelling assemblages results in a lower relative proportion of many species in the subfossil assemblages than in the living assemblages. The Leptocytheridae, which comprise a large portion of the sediment-dwelling fauna, are reduced in relative proportion in the subfossil assemblages as a result of dilution of the sediment-dwelling fauna with an abundant, algae-dwelling fauna.Transportation of ostracode remains by wave-induced currents removes the patchiness that is characteristic of the biotopes of the living ostracode assemblages but does not completely homogenize the assemblage despite the close spacing of sampling and the small areal extent of the biotopes studied.

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Hobart. "At Home on the Mauna: Ecological Violence and Fantasies of Terra Nullius on Maunakea's Summit." Native American and Indigenous Studies 6, no. 2 (2019): 30. http://dx.doi.org/10.5749/natiindistudj.6.2.0030.

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Cantin-Plante, Nathalie. "Maunaye, Emmanuelle et Marc Molgat, Les jeunes adultes et leurs parents. Autonomie, liens familiaux et modes de vie, Québec, Presses de l’Université Laval, collection Culture et société, 2003, 227 pages." Reflets: Revue d’intervention sociale et communautaire 10, no. 1-2 (2004): 152. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/011849ar.

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Gadbois, Jocelyn. "Les jeunes adultes et leurs parents. Autonomie, liens familiaux et modes de vie. Par Emmanuelle Maunaye et Marc Molgat, dir. (Saint-Nicolas : Presses de l’Université Laval et Éditions de l’IQRC, 2003. Pp. 244, ISBN 2-89224-347-5)." Ethnologies 28, no. 2 (2006): 246. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/014997ar.

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"Statement on Maunakea from Hui Mālama i ke Ala 'Ūlili." Biography 43, no. 3 (2020): 552–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/bio.2020.0059.

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de Silva, Kahikina. "Haʻu ka Waha i ka Nahele: Dissonance and Song in Kanaka Sites of Counter-Memory." Space and Culture, January 26, 2022, 120633122110665. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/12063312211066547.

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Waikīkī and Maunakea are two sites of global interest and prominence, occupying a certain space in the collective consciousness of Hawaiʻi. They are not, however, often considered as sites of conscience, even though they are the sources of Kanaka counter-memory that stand in opposition to the memories codified by the settler state into narratives of Kanaka dispossession and Americanization. This article interrogates this condition of illegibility, and the role of mele, hula, and a moment of dissonance in revealing the sites and stories often overwritten by dominant, quasi-colonial narratives of tourism, capitalism, Western enlightenment, and progress. I also argue that our true sites of conscience are those that invite a change of consciousness on the part of the onlooker/participant, laying the foundation for collaborative envisioning of pono futures for Hawaiʻi, in the context of aloha ʻāina.

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Morris, R. V., E. B. Rampe, D. T. Vaniman, R. Christoffersen, A. S. Yen, S. M. Morrison, D. W. Ming, et al. "Hydrothermal Precipitation of Sanidine (Adularia) Having Full Al,Si Structural Disorder and Specular Hematite at Maunakea Volcano (Hawai'i) and at Gale Crater (Mars)." Journal of Geophysical Research: Planets 125, no. 9 (September 2020). http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2019je006324.

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Ristevski, Jorgo, Gilbert J. Price, Vera Weisbecker, and Steven W. Salisbury. "First record of a tomistomine crocodylian from Australia." Scientific Reports 11, no. 1 (June 9, 2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-91717-y.

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AbstractBased on the known fossil record, the majority of crocodylians from the Cenozoic Era of Australia are referred to the extinct clade Mekosuchinae. The only extant crocodylians in Australia are two species of Crocodylus. Hence, the viewpoint that Crocodylus and mekosuchines have been the only crocodylians inhabiting Australia during the Cenozoic has remained largely undisputed. Herein we describe Australia’s first tomistomine crocodylian, Gunggamarandu maunala gen. et sp. nov., thus challenging the notion of mekosuchine dominance during most of the Cenozoic. The holotype specimen of Gunggamarandu maunala derives from the Pliocene or Pleistocene of south-eastern Queensland, marking the southern-most global record for Tomistominae. Gunggamarandu maunala is known from a large, incomplete cranium that possesses a unique combination of features that distinguishes it from other crocodylians. Phylogenetic analyses place Gunggamarandu in a basal position within Tomistominae, specifically as a sister taxon to Dollosuchoides from the Eocene of Europe. These results hint at a potential ghost lineage between European and Australian tomistomines going back more than 50 million years. The cranial proportions of the Gunggamarandu maunala holotype specimen indicate it is the largest crocodyliform yet discovered from Australia.

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Gadson, O., J. G. Bevilacqua, C. B. Fishman, A. S. Hahn, A. C. McAdam, J. Bleacher, and S. S. Johnson. "Metagenome-Assembled Genome of a Putative Chemoheterotroph from Volcanic Terrain in Hawaii." Microbiology Resource Announcements, October 20, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mra.00556-22.

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Here, we present the draft genome for a new putative species, Gaiellasilicea maunaloa , most closely related to Gaiella occulta , within the phylum Actinobacteria. This group contains Gram-negative, aerobic mesophilic species. This metagenome-assembled genome (MAG) contributes to knowledge of life in volcanic environments and may inform investigations of life beyond Earth.

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Fishman, C. B., J. G. Bevilacqua, O. Gadson, A. S. Hahn, A. C. McAdam, J. Bleacher, and S. S. Johnson. "Basaltic Lava Tube Hosts a Putative Novel Genus in the Family Solirubrobacteraceae." Microbiology Resource Announcements, October 3, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mra.00499-22.

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We report the draft genome sequence of a putative new genus and species, Siliceabacter maunaloa , in the family Solirubrobacteraceae . The members of this family of Actinobacteria are generally Gram positive and mesophilic. Found within a Hawaiian lava tube, this microbe illuminates the types of prokaryotes inhabiting secondary minerals in subsurface basaltic environments.

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Maunaga, Zoran. "TAČNOST UTVR." ГЛАСНИК ШУМАРСКОГ ФАКУЛТЕТА УНИВЕРЗИТЕТА У БАЊОЈ ЛУЦИ 1, no. 20 (December 13, 2017). http://dx.doi.org/10.7251/gsfbl2014075j.

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U prethodnom radu bilo je govora o potrebi standardizacije vrsta šuma (klasifikacionihuređajnih jedinica), kao osnovnom preduslovu za planiranje gazdovanjauopšte (Maunaga i Dukić, 2013). Tada je konstatovano da veliki problemu praksi predstavlja različit pristup u izdvajanju i šifriranju gazdinskih klasa.Zbog toga kategorije šuma predstavljaju sigurniji okvir za (grubo) pra

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Kerwin, Allison H., and Spencer V. Nyholm. "Reproductive System Symbiotic Bacteria Are Conserved between Two Distinct Populations ofEuprymna scolopesfrom Oahu, Hawaii." mSphere 3, no. 2 (March 28, 2018). http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/msphere.00531-17.

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ABSTRACTFemale Hawaiian bobtail squid,Euprymna scolopes, harbor a symbiotic bacterial community in a reproductive organ, the accessory nidamental gland (ANG). This community is known to be stable over several generations of wild-caught bobtail squid but has, to date, been examined for only one population in Maunalua Bay, Oahu, HI. This study assessed the ANG and corresponding egg jelly coat (JC) bacterial communities for another genetically isolated host population from Kaneohe Bay, Oahu, HI, using 16S amplicon sequencing. The bacterial communities from the ANGs and JCs of the two populations were found to be similar in richness, evenness, phylogenetic diversity, and overall community composition. However, the Kaneohe Bay samples formed their own subset within the Maunalua Bay ANG/JC community. AnAlteromonadaceaegenus, BD2-13, was significantly higher in relative abundance in the Kaneohe Bay population, and severalAlphaproteobacteriataxa also shifted in relative abundance between the two groups. This variation could be due to local adaptation to differing environmental challenges, to localized variability, or to functional redundancy among the ANG taxa. The overall stability of the community between the populations further supports a crucial functional role that has been hypothesized for this symbiosis.IMPORTANCEIn this study, we examined the reproductive ANG symbiosis found in two genetically isolated populations of the Hawaiian bobtail squid,Euprymna scolopes. The stability of the community reported here provides support for the hypothesis that this symbiosis is under strong selective pressure, while the observed differences suggest that some level of local adaptation may have occurred. These two host populations are frequently used interchangeably as source populations for research.Euprymna scolopesis an important model organism and offers the opportunity to examine the interplay between a binary and a consortial symbiosis in a single model host. Understanding the inherent natural variability of this association will aid in our understanding of the conservation, function, transmission, and development of the ANG symbiosis.

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Tisthammer, Kaho H., Emma Timmins-Schiffman, Francois O. Seneca, Brook L. Nunn, and Robert H. Richmond. "Physiological and molecular responses of lobe coral indicate nearshore adaptations to anthropogenic stressors." Scientific Reports 11, no. 1 (February 9, 2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-82569-7.

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AbstractCorals in nearshore marine environments are increasingly exposed to reduced water quality, which is the primary local threat to Hawaiian coral reefs. It is unclear if corals surviving in such conditions have adapted to withstand sedimentation, pollutants, and other environmental stressors. Lobe coral populations from Maunalua Bay, Hawaii showed clear genetic differentiation between the 'polluted, high-stress' nearshore site and the 'less polluted, lower-stress' offshore site. To understand the driving force of the observed genetic partitioning, reciprocal transplant and common-garden experiments were conducted to assess phenotypic differences between these two populations. Physiological responses differed significantly between the populations, revealing more stress-resilient traits in the nearshore corals. Changes in protein profiles highlighted the inherent differences in the cellular metabolic processes and activities between the two; nearshore corals did not significantly alter their proteome between the sites, while offshore corals responded to nearshore transplantation with increased abundances of proteins associated with detoxification, antioxidant defense, and regulation of cellular metabolic processes. The response differences across multiple phenotypes between the populations suggest local adaptation of nearshore corals to reduced water quality. Our results provide insight into coral’s adaptive potential and its underlying processes, and reveal potential protein biomarkers that could be used to predict resiliency.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Maunakea'

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