Journal articles: 'Matthew 27:25'

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Sullivan, Desmond. "New Insights into Matthew 27: 24?25." New Blackfriars 73, no. 863 (September 1992): 453–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1741-2005.1992.tb07264.x.

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Simonetti, Manlio. "Su Origene, Commento a Matteo 17, 1-3; 25-28." Augustinianum 54, no. 2 (2014): 401–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.5840/agstm201454228.

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This comment concerns above all the existing relationship between the Greek text that has reached us and the ancient Latin translation of Origen’s Commentary on Matthew, analyzing two passages from the XVII book; that is, the interpretations of Mt. 21,23-27 and Mt. 22, 15-22. The Greek and Latin texts are not always consistent with one another: in most cases the Latin version abbreviates or omits some passages from the Greek, but at times it reveals typical exegetical minutiae from the origenian ratio interpretandi and absent from the incomplete Greek text available to us today, as the Author clearly points out in this study.

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Paddison, Angus. "9th November: Proper 27 Joshua 24:1—3a, 14—25; Psalm 78:1—7; 1 Thessalonians 4:13—18; Matthew 25:1—13." Expository Times 120, no. 1 (October 2008): 29–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0014524608096270.

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Zhilina, Natalia, and Anastasya Kulakova. "Christian Motifs and Images in the Short Story by V. G. Korolenko “In a Bad Society”." Проблемы исторической поэтики 22, no. 1 (July 2024): 195–208. http://dx.doi.org/10.15393/j9.art.2024.13322.

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The article analyzes Christian motifs and images, evangelical quotations and reminiscences that make up an important semantic layer of the work.In the center of the events is the fate of a six-year-old boy (the hero-narrator), who, after the death of his mother, experienced the “horror of loneliness” and is looking for a “soul mate.” It is established that such evangelical reminiscences as “separating sheep from goats” (Matthew 25:32), “helping others” (Matthew 25:33‒46), make it possible to identify the axiological coordinates of the inhabitants of the Ukrainian town where the protagonist’s family lives. It is shown that the behavior of the townspeople explicates such a phenomenon of religious life as Pharisaism, recalling the conversion of Christ to the Pharisees (Matthew 25:27‒28). The text includes an allusion to the biblical story of Sodom and Gomorrah (Gen. 13:13) and parallels the situation to that in the small town in western Ukraine which exists only by virtue of three righteous people living there, one of whom is the narrator’s father. Also, the mention of the biblical prophet Jeremiah doesn’t seem accidental: he had to convert the people who had departed from the faith, knowing well that his calls to repentance would remain fruitless (Jer. 20:8). The events of the short story show that the boy’s personality is formed under the influence of beggars and vagabonds, as opposed to ordinary people who seek to observe the moral law. It has been determined that an important place in the plot structure is occupied by the good/evil, life/death and heart/stone oppositions, which outline the main differences in the characters’ ethical systems. According to the conclusions, in the imagined world of the short story, the inhabitants of Princetown, whose hearts have hardened, are the antithesis of the boy Vasya and his friends from the dungeon with merciful and sympathetic hearts. Their very existence seems to remind readers of the well-known words of the Savior: “…unless you turn and become like children, you will not enter the Kingdom of heaven” (Matthew 18:3).

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Randolph, J. "COMMENT: THE UTILITY OF «CELEBRITY»." Вестник Пермского университета. История, no. 4(55) (2021): 25–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.17072/2219-3111-2021-4-25-27.

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Replying to the two contributions in this special issue, this commentary considers the work “celebrity” can do as a concept and topic of inquiry for historians of Russia. The author compares and contrasts “celebrity” (as an angle of vision) with investigations the formation of “public” and “private” life in 19th century Russia. He underlines two uses of the concept: 1) as a reminder of continuities and instabilities that link modern forms of fame with pre-modern systems of reputation; and 2) as a marker of global forces that were pushing beyond nationalized, institutionalized frames of public and private life. The author returns to some earlier work he has done on Russian intellectual history, to consider how discussions of “celebrity” reframe what an older literature might describe as the “making of intelligentsia traditions.” He also highlights several important conceptual contributions made by Konstantin Shneyder’s historiographical analysis, and considers what conclusions can be drawn from Matthew Klopfenstein’s reconstruction of the “operatic” death of Angiolina Bosio.

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Tönsing, J. Gertrud. "Scolding the "Wicked, Lazy" Servant; Is the Master God?: A Redaction-Critical Study of Matthew 25:14–30 and Luke 19:11–27." Neotestamentica 53, no. 1 (2019): 123–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/neo.2019.0013.

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Maclean, Jennifer K. Berenson. "Barabbas, the Scapegoat Ritual, and the Development of the Passion Narrative." Harvard Theological Review 100, no. 3 (July 2007): 309–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0017816007001605.

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The story of Barabbas's release by Pilate appears in all four canonical gospels (Mark 15:6–15; Matt 27:15–26; Luke 23:18–25; John 18:39–40). Although the accounts differ in some details, a fairly consistent plot line emerges: The crowd before Pilate, allowed to choose one prisoner for release, demands the release of Barabbas and the crucifixion of Jesus. There are, however, a number of puzzling aspects to this deceptively simple story, the most significant of which is the contention of the authors that there existed a custom of the governor releasing a prisoner at the Passover festival. According to Mark and Matthew, this was a Roman custom (Mark 15:6; Matt 27:15); according to John, a Jewish custom (John 18:39). Yet, no evidence for such a custom in Judea has been found. Even more tellingly, Luke's omission of such a custom, as well as his statement in Acts 25:16, shows that he thought such a custom unbelievable. This custom is also considered by some to be at odds with the portrait of Pilate gathered from Jewish literature. Roger Aus states the case most strongly: “[Pilate] never would have allowed himself to be subject to the whims of a crowd, especially an uncontrollable one which bordered on a riot.” For these reasons many scholars have concluded that while a Barabbas may have been released by Pilate, the story as we have it in the gospels is a literary creation.

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Jones, Christopher F. "Matthew T. Huber, Lifeblood: oil, freedom, and the forces of capital (Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 2013. Pp. xxi+253. 27 illus. ISBN 9780816677856 Pbk. £25)." Economic History Review 68, no. 2 (April 1, 2015): 762–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/ehr.12119_32.

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Garber, Zev. "The New Testament in Jewish-Christian Dialogues." Socio-Historical Examination of Religion and Ministry 3, no. 2 (December 10, 2021): 201–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.33929/sherm.2021.vol3.no2.01.

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The Christian biblical canon consists of the Old Testament (referenced as the Hebrew Bible by Jews), New Testament, and Apocrypha for some denominations (e.g., the Roman Catholic Church). The name “New Testament” is associated with, but misapplied with the Berit Ḥadasha/“New Covenant” which the Lord was to make with the Houses of Israel and Judah, not with Nations (Jer 31:30). A more accurate association/understanding is “new covenant in my (Jesus) blood” (Luke 22:20; 1 Cor 11:25); “new covenant not of the letter but of the Spirit” (2 Cor 3:6); “the veil remains when the old covenant (Torah) is read” (2 Cor 3:14); and so on. The New Testament embraces 27 separate books of different size, composition, and focus. They include the Four Gospels (Matthew, Mark, Luke, John), the Acts of the Apostles, 13 Epistles by Paul, the Epistle to the Hebrews, Epistles by Peter, James, John, and Jude, and John’s Revelation (the Apocalypse). This article discusses the teachings and person of Jesus, as well as events in first-century Christianity (primarily spelled out in the Gospels and Pauline literature), evaluated from the perspective of Jewish-Christian polemics, apologetics, and respectful co-existential dialogue.

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Samosir, Bofry Wahyu, and Bernadus Dirgaprimawan. "PEREMPUAN KANAAN DAN DAYA JUANGNYA: SEBUAH TINJAUAN NARATIF ATAS MATIUS 15:21-28 DAN RELEVANSI TEOLOGISNYA BAGI PENDIDIKAN KARAKTER KRISTIANI." JPAK: Jurnal Pendidikan Agama Katolik 23, no. 2 (October 11, 2023): 144–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.34150/jpak.v23i2.498.

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This article aims at examining a fighting spirit that characterizes the Canaanite woman in Matthew 15:21-28 as a source of inspiration for Christian education addressed to the youth. It focuses on her choice of actions and of words, especially shown in verses 25 and 27. In order to do so, it employs a narrative method that takes seriously every detail related to her performance. It tries to understand how her struggle emerges and why Jesus says that she has a great faith. After discussing the subject matter in several points, this article comes to a conclusion that the element of faith first of all lies on the human side, namely a fighting spirit, a spiritual entrance to receive God's mercy. Pope Francis states that a fighting spirit is visible when Christian believers, especially young people "always try to find their true identity, be themselves, and be creative in pursuing holiness in living life in the world. (CV, art. 161)”. The second theological message is that God understands and cares for everyone, especially those who ask for His help. The third theological message is that God's grace gives changing for everyone. It means that God's grace makes our identity in life more pleasing to Him

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Dempster, Marcus, Matthew Wright, Daniela Cocco, Ayat Elsherif, Stephanie A. Valente, Hong Li, and Megan L. Kruse. "Abstract P1-08-13: Comparison of gene expression profiling results and clinical outcomes among patients with pleomorphic ILC and classic ILC." Cancer Research 82, no. 4_Supplement (February 15, 2022): P1–08–13—P1–08–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.sabcs21-p1-08-13.

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Abstract Background Invasive lobular carcinoma (ILC) is the second most common histological subtype of breast cancer. Pleomorphic ILC (pILC) is a pathologically defined subtype of ILC that often presents at a higher stage compared to Classical ILC (cILC). pILC is traditionally thought to have poor outcomes compared with cILC. Utility and application of gene expression profiling, such as Oncotype Dx testing, for these patients is unknown. The purpose of this study is to compare Oncotype Dx recurrence scores, treatment patterns, and clinical outcomes for patients with cILC and pILC at our institution. Methods A retrospective analysis of a large institutional cancer database was performed to identify patients with ILC treated between 2004 and 2017. Patient and disease characteristics were collected, including subtype of ILC (classical vs pleomorphic), staging, treatment history, and presence of Oncotype Dx testing. Findings were analyzed for differences in clinical characteristics, Oncotype Dx results, progression free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) between patients who received endocrine therapy/chemotherapy (CET) versus endocrine therapy alone (ET) in both cILC and pILC groups. Results: 692 patients with ILC were identified with 100 (14.5%) categorized as pILC. The mean age at presentation was 62 for cILC and 60 for pILC. cILC was more frequently ER positive (98.5% vs. 94.0%, p=0.004). and less likely HER2 positive (7.0% vs 12.2%, p=0.07). pILC more commonly had more advanced tumor stage (Stages II-III 61% vs 41%, p<0.001) but lower nodal stage (N+ 48.5% vs 66%, p<0.001) 25% (25/100) of pILC patients had Oncotype Dx testing performed compared to 33% (198/592) of cILC patients. The majority of patients who had testing had T1cN0 or T2N0 disease (36% and 44% for pILC vs 34%, and 27% for cILC, respectively). A low risk recurrence score (0-10) accounted for 8% (2/25) of pILC cases and 18.2% (36/198) of cILC. Intermediate risk (11-25) accounted for 72% (18/25) of pILC and 73.2% (145/198) of cILC. High risk (26+) accounted for 20% (5/25) of pILC and 8.6% (17/198) of cILC. There was no statistically significant difference in Oncotype Dx recurrence score distribution between pILC and cILC (p=0.117). More patients with pILC received CET compared to cILC (62.0% vs 36.7%, p<0.001). Among pILC cases, 62% received CET and 34% received ET. There was no significant difference in RFS or OS between CET and ET among pILC cases (10-year RFS 74.7% (ET) vs. 76.6% (CET), p=0.52. 10-year OS 92.6% (ET) vs 78.0% (CET), p=0.40). Conclusions At our institution, patients with cILC more often had Oncotype Dx testing compared to those with pILC. Some of the difference may be related to more frequent HER2-positivity in pILC. When testing was done, pILC was twice as likely to have a high risk recurrence score compared to cILC, but this result was not statistically significant. Patients with pILC were more likely to receive CET than patients with cILC. There was no difference in survival between patients with pILC treated with CET versus those treated with ET alone although the sample size is small and this is worthy of further study in a larger population. These results suggest that gene expression testing may be underutilized in pILC. Citation Format: Marcus Dempster, Matthew Wright, Daniela Cocco, Ayat Elsherif, Stephanie A Valente, Hong Li, Megan L Kruse. Comparison of gene expression profiling results and clinical outcomes among patients with pleomorphic ILC and classic ILC [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2021 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2021 Dec 7-10; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2022;82(4 Suppl):Abstract nr P1-08-13.

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Torres, Mylin, Jolinta Lin, Sarah Friend, Canhua Xiao, Yichun Cao, Shannon Kahn, Karen Godette, et al. "Abstract PO4-27-08: A Phase II Multi-Institutional Study of Concurrent Radiotherapy, Palbociclib, and HormoneTherapy for Treatment of Bone Metastasis in Breast Cancer Patients." Cancer Research 84, no. 9_Supplement (May 2, 2024): PO4–27–08—PO4–27–08. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.sabcs23-po4-27-08.

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Abstract Background: This Phase II study aimed to determine the efficacy and safety of administering palliative radiotherapy (RT) to bone metastases (mets) in patients (pts) receiving concurrent palbociclib and hormone therapy (HT) for hormone receptor positive, Her2/neu negative breast cancer. The primary endpoint was response rate 3 months after RT. Methods: Pts with painful bone mets or asymptomatic bone mets with risk for impending clinical event were treated with RT to 30 Gy in 10 fractions or 20 Gy in 5 fractions with concurrent palbociclib and HT. Change in maximum pain score on the Brief Pain Inventory was used to assess pain response 3 months post RT relative to baseline. Among pts with asymptomatic bone lesions, response was defined as prevention of a clinical event (e.g., bone fracture) without evidence of local tumor growth on surveillance imaging. Patient reported outcomes (PROs) of fatigue, depression, anxiety, and quality of life were collected. Blood-based biomarkers were examined to determine their relationship with response and PROs. Using a non-inferiority study design, a sample size of at least 33 pts was needed to achieve 80% power to detect a non-inferiority proportion of 60% using a one-sided binomial test and assuming a Type I error of 0.05. Results: Among 38 patients enrolled, 79% had painful bone mets. 35 pts completed baseline and 3-month post RT assessments. 61% and 37% of pts received aromatase inhibitors and fulvestrant, respectively, with palbociclib. Median age was 60 years (31-83) and 25% of pts were non-Hispanic Black. The majority (72%) of pts received 5 fraction RT and 69% received RT to one bone region. 29 patients (83%) were responders [95% CI: 66%-93%, p=.003]. Median progression free survival (PFS) was 30.4 months (1.3 - 44.0). Three-year PFS and overall survival were 45.6% and 67.2%, respectively. Grade 3 neutropenia developed in 4 (11%), 4 (11%), and 7 (20%) pts at end of RT, 1 month, and 3 months post RT, respectively. No pts developed Grade 4 neutropenia. One patient developed Grade 3 gastrointestinal toxicity during RT, another developed Grade 3 dyspnea 1 month post XRT, and another developed a bone fracture 6 months after RT. >While patient reported measures of fatigue, depression, and overall quality of life did not significantly change during or after RT relative to baseline, pain scores (i.e., BPI pain severity and interference, BM22 pain characteristics and pain site subscales, EORTC C15 pain) significantly decreased 3 months post XRT relative to baseline. Heightened inflammatory marker levels (e.g., TNFRII, IL1ra, CRP, TNF alpha) were significantly associated with worse symptoms of fatigue (MFI) and depression (HADS), increased pain interference (BPI), and lower overall quality of life (SF-36), controlling for age and time using mixed effect models. Patients with improved pain symptoms and lower pain scores had significantly lower inflammatory marker levels relative to baseline (e.g., interleukin-6). Conclusions: Our study demonstrated high rates of response to concurrent RT with palbociclib and HT with acceptable levels of toxicity. These results suggest that RT to bone mets effectively alleviates pain in patients taking palbociclib and pain response to treatment is associated with decreased inflammatory markers. RT may be given to pts receiving palbociclib and HT for breast cancer. Clinical Trial Identification: NCT03691493 Citation Format: Mylin Torres, Jolinta Lin, Sarah Friend, Canhua Xiao, Yichun Cao, Shannon Kahn, Karen Godette, Sheela Hanasoge, David Yu, Tony Eng, Matthew Cheney, Nancy Wiggers, Andrew Pippas, Keerthi Gogineni, Jane Meisel, David Schuster, Aditya Bardia, Andrew Miller, Jennifer Felger, Jeffrey Switchenko, Amelia Zelnak, Kevin Kalinsky, Manali Bhave. A Phase II Multi-Institutional Study of Concurrent Radiotherapy, Palbociclib, and HormoneTherapy for Treatment of Bone Metastasis in Breast Cancer Patients [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2023 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2023 Dec 5-9; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2024;84(9 Suppl):Abstract nr PO4-27-08.

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Gonzalez, Pedro, Urania Rappo, Jennifer McGregor, Lisa DiPompo-Day, and Matthew W. McCarthy. "279. Dalbavancin for Bloodstream Infections and Endocarditis: Real-World Outcomes From the DRIVE Registry." Open Forum Infectious Diseases 7, Supplement_1 (October 1, 2020): S140. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ofid/ofaa439.323.

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Abstract Background Dalbavancin, a long-acting lipoglycopeptide approved by the US FDA and EMA for acute bacterial skin and skin structure infections (ABSSSI) has potent activity against Gram-positive pathogens including MRSA. A total of 39 of 39 patients with baseline S aureus bacteremia from previous studies who received dalbavancin (1500 mg or 1000 mg followed by 500 mg 1 week later) had clearance of bacteremia (100%). We describe the clinical features and efficacy of dalbavancin in patients with bacteremia or endocarditis from a retrospective registry study of dalbavancin. Methods Dalvance Utilization Registry Investigating Value and Efficacy (DRIVE) was a phase 4 observational, multicenter, retrospective cohort study of the real-world use of dalbavancin in adults across the US. Data collected between 03/25/2017 and 11/27/2018 included patient, disease, and pathogen characteristics, antibiotic use, clinical outcome, and safety. Clinical outcome was assessed by chart review from last dalbavancin dose through 60 days. Success was defined as presumed or documented clinical or microbiological cure with no need for rescue IV antibiotic therapy. Failure was defined as presumed or documented clinical or microbiologic failure, or the need for rescue IV antibiotic therapy, or death. Outcome was indeterminate if there were insufficient data to determine status at 60 days. Results Of 1092 evaluable patients treated with dalbavancin for any indication, 32 had baseline bloodstream pathogen data and Gram-positive bacteremia (Figure). 29 of 32 patients were previously treated with antibiotics (91%) with a median duration of 8.5 days. The 3 patients with endocarditis were among those most heavily pretreated (9, 4, and 4 prior IV antibiotics each). Clinical success was achieved in 30/32 (94%); outcome was indeterminate in 2/32 (6%). Most common dalbavancin regimens were 1500 mg x 1 (50%) or 1500 mg weekly x 2 (13%). Negative blood cultures for baseline pathogen prior to dalbavancin were documented in 53% of patients. There were no adverse events assessed as related to dalbavancin. Conclusion Dalbavancin use in Gram-positive bacteremia appears well tolerated and effective in the real-world setting. Disclosures Pedro Gonzalez, MD, MT, AbbVie (Employee) Urania Rappo, MD, MS, PharmD, Allergan (before its acquisition by AbbVie) (Employee) Jennifer McGregor, RPh, AbbVie (Employee) Lisa DiPompo-Day, n/a, AbbVie (Employee) Matthew W. McCarthy, MD, Allergan (prior to its acquisition by AbbVie) (Consultant, Grant/Research Support)

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Cargal, Timothy B. "‘His Blood be Upon Us and Upon our Children’: A Matthean Double Entendre?" New Testament Studies 37, no. 1 (January 1991): 101–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0028688500015356.

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Wang, Baiyan, Jie Liu, Wan-Hong Zhao, Yin-Xia Chen, Xing-Mei Cao, Yun Yang, Yi-Lin Zhang, et al. "Chimeric Antigen Receptor T Cell Therapy in the Relapsed or Refractory Multiple Myeloma with Extramedullary Disease--a Single Institution Observation in China." Blood 136, Supplement 1 (November 5, 2020): 6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood-2020-140243.

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Background: Extramedullary disease (EMD) is characterized as the presence of myeloma cells invasion outside the bone marrow in a patient with multiple myeloma (MM), it may be found 6%~8% in de novo patients, and 10% to 30% in relapsed or refractory (R/R) MM patients across the overall disease course (Joan Blade et al. 2011, Matthew Weinstock et al. 2013 and 2015, Cyrille Touzeau et al. 2015). EMD was considered as high-risk group of myeloma and is associated with adverse prognosis and the management is particularly challenging. Here we discuss and improve the understanding of the clinical characters and prognoses of the R/R MM with EMD in the treatment of CAR T therapy, illustrate our experience in a single institution. Methods: LCAR-B38M is a Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell therapy with 4-1BB as the co-stimulator, a dual epitope-binding CAR T cell therapy directed against 2 distinct B cell maturation antigen (BCMA) epitopes. In total of 57 patients were treated in China from The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University (LEGEND-2, NCT03090659), 17 patients with R/R MM with EMD were included and received the CAR T treatment. The study was initiated on March 30, 2016, and the analysis reported here is from a data cutoff date of July 31, 2019, the detailed treatment schema was presented in the former paper (Zhao et al, 2018). Results: Overall, 17 (29.8%) of 57 treated patients with EMD were included in our CAR T treatment. The median age of R/R MM patients with EMD (EMD group) and without EMD (non-EMD group) were 55 (range, 27-72) and 53.3 (range, 42-73) years old respectively, and the median number of prior therapy lines were 3 (range, 1-6 and 1-9) in both groups. There were no statistical difference in the proportion of male and female patients, median time from initial diagnosis and ISS stage in EMD group and non-EMD group. The Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) scores of patients receiving CAR T treatment were 0-2 points, the proportion of ECOG 1-2 points in EMD group were higher than non-EMD group (P < 0.05, R=0.1474, 95% CI, 0.03 to 0.73). IgG and IgA subtype were the main types in the non-EMD patients while the light chain type was more frequently seen in EMD group (P = 0.014, OR=0.1886, 95% CI, 0.05 to 0.66). The overall response rates (ORR) in the EMD group and non-EMM group were 82.4% and 90% respectively (Fig 1 A), and there were no significant difference in the median time to the first response and the best response between the EMD group and non-EMD group(P > 0.05). At cutoff, the median follow-up was 25 months, the median progression-free survival (PFS) in EMD group and non-EMD group were 8.1 months and 25 months (P < 0.001, R=0.32, 95% CI, -0.19 to 0.84), and the median overall survival (OS) were 13.9 months and not reached (P = 0.0019, R=4.833, 95% CI, 1.91 to 12.22), survival curves were shown in Fig 1 B, C . Conclusions: LCAR-B38M is a highly effective therapy in R/R MM patients with EMD and without EMD, and both groups had similar response time and reached a high ORR rate. R/R MM patients with EMD demonstrated a poor prognosis and they may lost their best response in a relatively shorter time compared with the patients without EMD. With a median follow-up of 25 months, LCARB38M manifested a relatively durable therapeutic effect in this high-risk R/R MM patients with EMD. Disclosures No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.

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Mortimer, Joanne, Sharla Moore, Niki Patel, Mina Sedrak, Daphne Stewart, Yuan Yuan, James Waisman, et al. "Abstract P4-11-13: Prevalence of treatment-related symptoms in patients with breast cancer undergoing (neo)adjuvant endocrine therapy with or without chemotherapy for early stage breast cancer." Cancer Research 82, no. 4_Supplement (February 15, 2022): P4–11–13—P4–11–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.sabcs21-p4-11-13.

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Abstract Prevalence of treatment-related symptoms in patients with breast cancer undergoing (neo)adjuvant endocrine therapy with or without chemotherapy for early stage breast cancer. Background: Survivorship care plans require identification of post-treatment problems.Methods: After completion of (neo) adjuvant therapy and immediately prior to a survivorship visit which included a treatment summary and care planning, patients completed an automated tablet-based series of 25 biopsychosocial questions (Survivorship-SupportScreen). Problems were identified and rated on a Likert scale of 1-5. This analysis addresses the differences in patient reported symptoms in women treated with endocrine therapy (ET) alone compared to those receiving chemotherapy and ET (CT+ET). Results: 204 women with a mean age of 57.5 years at screening time (Range 27-90) completed the Survivorship-SupportScreen within a median of 0.9 years of initial diagnosis. The 113 patients receiving CT+ET were younger than the 91 treated with ET alone (Mean 54.83 versus 60.89, with p<0.001) with no significant difference in time from first diagnosis to screening. Prevalence of problems was similar for both groups, except for neuropathy (p<0.001). By Logistic regression models neuropathy was 2.5 times more likely in patients treated with chemotherapy. Patients ≥ 50 years treated with CT+ET reported more hot flashes and lack of regular exercise: OR=2.18, p=0.024, and OR=2.04, p=0.033. Conclusions: We have demonstrated the feasibility of screening patient as they transition from active treatment to survivorship. Except for neuropathy, all patients receiving CT+ET had similar problems compared with those on ET alone. Women ≥ 50 years who received CT+ET, were more likely to report hot flashes and lack of regular exercise. Despite the fact that most of these women are likely cured of their cancer, the negative lingering sequelae of problem-related distress were reported by all patients. CT+ETET alonepFatigue81/110 (73.64%)65/88 (73.86%)0.971Worry about recurrence77/113 (68.14%)60/91 (65.93%)0.739Sleeping70/112 (62.5%)51/91 (56.04%)0.351Not being physically active67/110 (60.9%)50/89 (56.18%)0.500Neuropathy64/113 (56.64%)29/91 (31.87%)<0.001Pain62/112 (55.36%)43/90 (47.78%)0.284Hot flashes61/113 (53.98%)52/91 (57.14%)0.652Thinking clearly53/111 (47.75%)38/89 (42.7%)0.476Vaginal dryness47/113 (41.59%)31/91 (34.07%)0.271Gained weight45/113 (39.82%)34/91 (37.36%)0.720 Citation Format: Joanne Mortimer, Sharla Moore, Niki Patel, Mina Sedrak, Daphne Stewart, Yuan Yuan, James Waisman, Brittany Bradford, Matthew Loscalzo, Karen Clark, Marianne Razavi. Prevalence of treatment-related symptoms in patients with breast cancer undergoing (neo)adjuvant endocrine therapy with or without chemotherapy for early stage breast cancer [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2021 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2021 Dec 7-10; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2022;82(4 Suppl):Abstract nr P4-11-13.

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Villatoro Villar, M., D. A. Wetter, C. S. Crowson, K. J. Warrington, and M. Koster. "SAT0277 HEAD AND NECK INVOLVEMENT OF IGA VASCULITIS: A CASE-CONTROL STUDY." Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases 79, Suppl 1 (June 2020): 1082.2–1083. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/annrheumdis-2020-eular.753.

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Background:IgA vasculitis (IgAV) is an immune-complex mediated, small-vessel vasculitis which predominantly involves the skin on the lower extremities. Head and neck involvement is rarely reported.Objectives:To describe the presentation and outcome of a series of patients with head and/or neck involvement in comparison to patients with cutaneous findings isolated to the lower extremities.Methods:Patients with biopsy-proven IgAV from January 1, 1997 through December 31, 2016 were retrospectively identified through direct medical chart review. IgAV was diagnosed in accordance with the American College of Rheumatology (ACR) and the European League Against Rheumatism/ Paediatric Rheumatology European Society/Paediatric Rheumatology International Trials Organisation (EULAR/PRINTO/PRES) criteria. Among this cohort, patients with documented clinical, photographic, or histologic descriptions of vasculitic skin lesions affecting the head or neck were compiled. Each patient with head/neck (H/N) involvement of IgAV (case) was matched to two age- and sex-matched control patients with IgAV for which the cutaneous features were isolated to the waistline or distal. Baseline characteristics, laboratory parameters, treatments and outcome were collected by a physician abstractor.Results:Thirteen patients with H/N-IgAV involvement were identified. Baseline characteristics of the cases and controls are demonstrated in Table 1. H/N involvement included facial (cheeks, forehead) [n=6], perioral/oral/lip [n=6], auricular [n=2], nasal [n=2], and neck [n=1]. All patients in both groups had evidence of purpuric skin lesions. Patients with H/N-IgAV involvement more frequently had evidence of skin ulcerations (23% vs. 0%; p=0.01) [Figure 1]. Overall baseline renal involvement and microscopic hematuria were less commonly observed in patients with H/N-IgAV. Among H/N-IgAV cases, at last follow-up all had resolution of H/N lesions but 3 of 13 had persistent skin lesions on the lower extremities despite ongoing treatment. Long-term outcome between cases and controls did not identify any significant differences in the development of end-stage renal disease, time to resolution of hematuria or proteinuria, time to complete IgAV response, or time to first IgAV relapse.Table 1.Baseline characteristics of patients with head and neck involvement of IgA-vasculitis compared to those with lower extremity onlyCharacteristic, n (%)H/N-IgAV(N=13)LE-IgAV(N=26)p-valueAge at diagnosis, years*38 (24)38 (24)1.0Male7 (54%)16 (62%)0.65Caucasian13 (100%)24 (96%)0.47Length of follow-up, years*2.6 (3.5)1.3 (2.0)0.28Body mass index, kg/m2*32 (17)28 (10)0.72Hypertension2 (15%)8 (31%)0.30Infection within 4 weeks7 (54%)11 (42%)0.50Antibiotic exposure within 4 weeks4 (31%)6 (24%)0.65Abdominal ischemic symptoms2 (15%)3 (12%)0.74Palpable purpura13 (100%)26 (100%)---Skin ulceration3 (23%)0 (0%)0.01Any renal involvement5 (38%)19 (73%)0.04Microscopic hematuria4 (31%)17 (65%)0.04Proteinuria4 (31%)15 (58%)0.11C-reactive protein, mg/L*28 (25)22 (22)0.61Erythrocyte sedimentation rate, mm/hr*20 (21)27 (25)0.80eGFR (ml/min/1.73m2)*87 (41)95 (42)0.88*mean (±standard deviation); H/N, head and/or neck; LE, lower extremity onlyFigure 1.A) H/N involvement in IgAV (perioral, nasal, cheeks and neck). B) Severe PP in lower extremities with bullous, ulcerations and skin necrosis.Conclusion:This study reports the largest series of patients with head/neck involvement of IgA, a rarely reported entity. In this cohort, patients with H/N-IgAV had less frequent renal involvement compared to IgAV patients with lower extremity only skin lesions. Clinicians should be aware of atypical locations of IgAV involvement. Additional research is needed to further understand this clinical subset.Disclosure of Interests:Michel Villatoro Villar: None declared, David A. Wetter: None declared, Cynthia S. Crowson Grant/research support from: Pfizer research grant, Kenneth J Warrington: None declared, Matthew Koster: None declared

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Bo, Zhu, Yi-Zhi Li, Xiao-Feng Lu, and Guo-Yuan Lu. "Crystal structure of 25, 27-dioctyloxy-26, 28-dihydroxy calix[4]arene." Journal of Chemical Crystallography 35, no. 4 (April 2005): 281–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10870-005-1289-6.

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Yadon, A., D. Ruelas, G. Min-Oo, J. Taylor, and M. R. Warr. "AB0108 IRAK4 INHIBITION SUPPRESSES PROINFLAMMATORY CYTOKINE PRODUCTION FROM HUMAN MACROPHAGES STIMULATED WITH SYNOVIAL FLUID FROM RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS PATIENTS." Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases 79, Suppl 1 (June 2020): 1353.2–1353. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/annrheumdis-2020-eular.3793.

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Background:Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is characterized by chronic, uncontrolled joint inflammation and tissue destruction. Macrophages are thought to be key mediators in both the initiation and perpetuation of this pathology.1,2The RA synovium contains a complex inflammatory milieu that can stimulate macrophage-dependent production of proinflammatory cytokines through multiple signaling pathways.1,2Existing evidence indicates that toll-like receptors (TLRs) and interleukin-1 receptors (IL-1R) along with their agonists, damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) and IL-1β, are highly expressed in RA joints and are important mediators of synovial macrophage activation and proinflammatory cytokine production.1-9IRAK4 (interleukin-1 receptor-associated kinase 4) is a serine/threonine kinase that facilitates TLR and IL-1R signaling in many cell types, including macrophages.10IRAK4 inhibition represents an opportunity to reduce proinflammatory cytokine production in the joints of patients with RA.Objectives:To investigate the effect of a highly selective IRAK4 inhibitor on proinflammatory cytokine production from human macrophages stimulated with synovial fluid from patients with RA.Methods:Primary human monocytes from 2 independent donors were differentiated for 6 days with granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) to generate human monocyte-derived macrophages (hMDMs). hMDMs were then pretreated with an IRAK4 inhibitor for 1 hour and subsequently stimulated for 24 hours with RA synovial fluid from 5 patients. Culture supernatants were then assessed for secretion of proinflammatory cytokines by MesoScale Discovery.Results:RA synovial fluid stimulation of hMDMs resulted in the production of several proinflammatory cytokines, including IL-6, IL-8, and TNFα. Pretreatment of hMDMs with an IRAK4 inhibitor resulted in the dose-dependent inhibition of IL-6, IL-8, and TNFα production, with an average EC50± SD of 27 ± 31, 26 ± 41, and 28 ± 22 nM, respectively. Maximal percent suppression ± SD of IL-6, IL-8, and TNFα were 76 ± 8.8, 73 ± 15, and 77 ± 13, respectively. To evaluate the specific IRAK4-dependent signaling pathways mediating this response, hMDMs were pretreated with inhibitors of TLR4 (TAK242) and IL-1R (IL-1RA) prior to stimulation with RA synovial fluid. Both TAK242 and IL-1RA inhibited proinflammatory cytokine production. For TAK242, maximal percent suppression ± SD of IL-6, IL-8, and TNFα were 39 ± 25, 48 ± 24, and 50 ± 21, respectively. For IL-1RA maximal percent suppression ± SD of IL-6, IL-8, and TNFα were 18 ± 18, 20 ± 23, and 16 ± 18, respectively. The broad range of inhibition across each stimulation highlights the complexity and variability in the signaling pathways mediating proinflammatory cytokine production from hMDMs stimulated with RA synovial fluid, but demonstrates that RA synovial fluid can stimulate proinflammatory cytokine production in hMDMs, at least partly, through IRAK4-dependent pathways.Conclusion:This work demonstrates that IRAK4 inhibition can suppress proinflammatory cytokine production from macrophages stimulated with synovial fluid from patients with RA and supports a potential pathophysiological role for IRAK4 in perpetuating chronic inflammation in RA.References:[1]Smolen JS, et al.Nat Rev Dis Primers.2018;4:18001.[2]Udalova IA, et al.Nat Rev Rheumatol.2016;12(8):472-485.[3]Joosten LAB, et al.Nat Rev Rheumatol.2016;12(6):344-357.[4]Huang QQ, Pope RM.Curr Rheumatol Rep.2009;11(5):357-364.[5]Roh JS, Sohn DH.Immune Netw.2018;18(4):e27.[6]Sacre SM, et al.Am J Pathol.2007;170(2):518-525.[7]Ultaigh SNA, et al.Arthritis Res Ther.2011;13(1):R33.[8]Bottini N, Firestein GS.Nat Rev Rheumatol.2013;9(1):24-33.[9]Firestein GS, McInnes IB.Immunity.2017;46(2):183-196.[10]Janssens S, Beyaert R.Mol Cell.2003;11(2):293-302.Disclosure of Interests:Adam Yadon Employee of: Gilead, Debbie Ruelas Employee of: Gilead, Gundula Min-Oo Employee of: Gilead, James Taylor Employee of: Gilead, Matthew R. Warr Employee of: Gilead

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Bugdayli, K., P. Ungprasert, K. J. Warrington, and M. Koster. "POS0800 VISUAL ISCHEMIA DURING RELAPSE AND FOLLOW-UP OF GIANT CELL ARTERITIS: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW." Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases 80, Suppl 1 (May 19, 2021): 652.2–652. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/annrheumdis-2021-eular.697.

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Background:Visual ischemia (VI) is one of the most feared complications in giant cell arteritis (GCA). While the frequencies of VI development at or near diagnosis are better studied, limited information is available regarding the frequency of VI during relapse.Objectives:The purpose of this study was to characterize the frequency of visual ischemia (VI) as a manifestation of relapse or during follow-up in patients with GCA through performance of a systematic literature review.Methods:Potentially eligible studies were identified from Medline and EMBASE databases from inception to November 31, 2019 using a search strategy that comprised of terms for “giant cell arteritis,” “temporal arteritis,” or “Horton’s disease,” with “relapse,” “recurrence,” “flare,” “outcome,” “follow-up,” or “prognosis.” VI was defined as transient or permanent, full or partial, monocular or binocular visual field loss. VI occurring within 4 wks of GCA diagnosis was considered due to active disease and not included as a relapse event. Inclusion criteria used: (1) original research reported in English, (2) GCA definition provided, (3) VI outcome described as one of the following: (a) relapse rate/frequency denoting the presence or absence of VI, or (b) absolute number of VI events (> 4 weeks after GCA diagnosis) even if total cohort relapse rate/frequency was not provided. In order to reduce bias from under-reporting of negative results, studies that reported relapse rates/frequencies with accompanying relapse characteristics but did not provide initial detail regarding the presence/absence of VI were also identified. In such circumstances, the primary authors were directly contacted for patient-level data regarding VI and these studies were included in the final analysis if such data were available and provided.Results:A total of 913 unique articles were identified and underwent screening. Among these, 148 articles underwent independent full-text review by two physicians (K.B. and M.J.K). 33 articles met full inclusion criteria and an additional 21 articles included data on relapse but did not report VI patient data in the publication. Responses were received from authors of 11 of these 21 studies allowing for inclusion. 44 studies accounting for 3,649 patients with GCA were identified. Average percentage of baseline VI was 19% (range 0-66%). The average length of follow-up was 3.4 years (range 0.4 to 8.7). VI developing > 4 weeks after GCA diagnosis was recorded in a total of 53 patients (1.5%).Study-defined relapses were reported in 36 studies. A total of 1,215 patients with at least one or more relapses were recorded among 2,592 patients under observation (47%). Among these 36 studies, VI occurred in 37 patients (3.0%) with at least one study defined relapse event.Comparing trial design, retrospective studies (n=25) reported 27 of 2,718 (1%) patients developed VI during follow-up whereas 19 of 541 (3.5%) patients in randomized controlled trials (n=8) developed VI during the trial or post-trial follow-up.Conclusion:This report outlines the first systematic review evaluating VI as a manifestation of relapse and during follow-up in GCA. Overall, VI > 4 weeks after GCA diagnosis is uncommon (1.5%) but is noted in up to 3% of patients with at least one relapse event. Frequencies of reported VI were 3.5 times higher in randomized controlled trials compared to retrospective studies.Disclosure of Interests:Kubra Bugdayli: None declared, Patompong Ungprasert: None declared, Kenneth J Warrington Grant/research support from: Financial support for research from Kiniksa, Eli Lilly, Matthew Koster: None declared

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Forrest, Suzanne J., Hersh Gupta, Abigail Ward, Yvonne Li, Duong Doan, Alyaa Al-Ibraheemi, Sanda Alexandrescu, et al. "Abstract 3890: Sequencing of 888 pediatric solid tumors informs precision oncology trial design and data sharing initiatives in pediatric cancer." Cancer Research 82, no. 12_Supplement (June 15, 2022): 3890. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.am2022-3890.

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Abstract Pediatric pan-cancer genome analyses do not capture the full range of diagnoses encountered in clinical practice. To inform basket trial design and real-world precision oncology practice, we classified diagnoses and assessed the landscape of mutations, including trial-matching, in an unselected cohort of pediatric solid tumors. Since 2013 all Dana-Farber/Boston Children’s patients have been offered participation in the Profile study. Participant tumor samples were sequenced with DFCI-OncoPanel, a targeted panel test sequencing exons of up to 447 cancer genes for single nucleotide variants, insertions and deletions and copy number alterations, and introns and exons of up to 60 genes for rearrangements. Patient diagnosis was classified according to ICD-O, version 3.2. Genomic alterations were analyzed for matching to the actionable mutation lists of precision oncology basket trials (NCI-COG Pediatric MATCH, NCI-MATCH, and the ASCO TAPUR Study v.3). Data will be shared with the Childhood Cancer Data Initiative. There were 888 pediatric patients with sequencing enrolled in Profile between January 2013 and March 2019; 512 (58%) with solid tumors and 376 (42%) with CNS tumors. Fifty-five percent (491/888) of patients had one of ten common pediatric cancer diagnoses: neuroblastoma (n=80), low-grade glioma (n=72), Wilms tumor (n=57), medulloblastoma (n=55), pilocytic astrocytoma (n=47), rhabdomyosarcoma (n=44), osteosarcoma (n=42), ependymoma (n=39), Ewing sarcoma (n=28) and glioblastoma (n=27). The remaining 45% (397/888) had one of 85 distinct rare malignancies with less than 25 cases per diagnosis. Most (80/85) of these rare diagnoses are not represented in prior pediatric pan-cancer sequencing studies. Recurrent (>5%) pathogenic alterations were, in common and rare diagnoses, TP53 mutations(m) and deletions(del) and BRAFm and rearrangements(r), in common diagnoses, MYC/MYCN amplification (amp) and EWSR1r and, in rare diagnoses, CTNNB1m, CDKN2A/Bdel and NF1m/del. We found that 31% (n=271/888) of patients had at least 1 variant matching a basket trial treatment arm. Genes with matching alterations include BRAF (10%), NF1 (4%), PI3KCA (3%), NRAS (2%), BRCA2 (2%), ALK (1%), and FGFR1 (1%). Sequencing of pediatric malignancies is increasing. This study highlights opportunities to use the resulting genomic data to inform genome-selected clinical trial design and uncover drivers in pediatric cancers. The proportion of cases in this cohort with genomic alterations meeting eligibility for basket trials is equivalent to that seen in the pediatric MATCH screening study. Due to the low prevalence of the diagnoses in the long tail of cancer types in this study, defining the genomic landscape of ultra-rare cancers will require data sharing. Classifying pediatric cancer diagnoses using the ICD-O standard ontology system is feasible and will facilitate data sharing. Citation Format: Suzanne J. Forrest, Hersh Gupta, Abigail Ward, Yvonne Li, Duong Doan, Alyaa Al-Ibraheemi, Sanda Alexandrescu, Pratiti Bandopadhayay, Suzanne Shusterman, Elizabeth A. Mullen, Natalie Collins, Susan N. Chi, Karen D. Wright, Priti Kumari, Tali Mazor, Keith L. Ligon, Priyanka Shivdasani, Phani Davineni, Monica Manam, Richard L. Schilsky, Suanna S. Bruinooge, Jaime M. Guidry Auvil, Ethan Cerami, Barrett J. Rollins, Matthew L. Meyerson, Neal I. Lindeman, Laura MacConaill, Bruce E. Johnson, Andrew D. Cherniack, Alanna J. Church, Katherine A. Janeway. Sequencing of 888 pediatric solid tumors informs precision oncology trial design and data sharing initiatives in pediatric cancer [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2022; 2022 Apr 8-13. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2022;82(12_Suppl):Abstract nr 3890.

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Vanstraelen, Stijn, Allison Reiner, Brooke H. Mastrogiacomo, Kay See Tan, Joseph Dycoco, Bernard J. Park, Prasad S. Adusumilli, Matthew J. Bott, David R. Jones, and Gaetano Rocco. "Abstract 5211: Somatic copy number variation as prognostic marker for recurrence in never-smokers with early-stage lung adenocarcinoma." Cancer Research 84, no. 6_Supplement (March 22, 2024): 5211. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.am2024-5211.

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Abstract Objective: Lung cancer in never-smokers has a distinct genomic profile with low tumor mutation burden, more tumor promotor mutations and fewer somatic copy number variations (CNV) than smokers. CNVs have shown to be associated with poor outcome in advanced stage disease. However, the relationship between CNV and clinicopathologic features on prognosis in early-stage lung cancer is undefined. To address this knowledge gap, we assessed the impact of CNV on recurrence in never-smokers who underwent curative resection for pathological stage I-II lung adenocarcinoma using an integrated genomic and clinicopathological analysis. Methods: We analyzed a cohort of 210 never-smokers with stage I-II lung adenocarcinoma treated from 2014 to 2022 who met the inclusion criteria (no neoadjuvant therapy, pathological stage I-II, complete resection, next-generation sequencing available). The patient cohort was stratified using unsupervised hierarchical clustering of arm-level CNVs. We assessed cumulative incidence of recurrence (CIR) between CNV groups using competing risk regression analysis, adjusting for SUVmax, pathologic stage, lymphovascular invasion, IASLC grade, and tumor mutation burden. Results: Of the 210 patients, 159 patients were female (76%), and patients were primarily from Caucasian (n=140, 67%) or Asian decent (n=50, 24%). Based on arm-level CNV clustering, the cohort was stratified into three groups: CNV low (n=86, 41%), CNV moderate (n=75, 36%) and CNV high (n=49, 23%). The CNV low tumors were characterized by a low CNV burden. Conversely, the CNV moderate tumors primarily exhibited gains in chromosomes 1q, 5p and 7p, along with loss of heterozygosity in chromosome 9p, 9q and 13. CNV high tumors were characterized by whole-genome doubling. Whole-genome doubling was significantly more common in CNV high tumors (n=33, 66%) compared to CNV low (n=2, 2.3%) and CNV moderate tumors (n=2, 2.7%) (p<.001). EGFR (n=145, 69%) and TP53 (n=61, 29%) were the most frequently altered genes, with EGFR alterations being significantly more prevalent in CNV high tumors (n=41, 84%) compared to CNV low tumors (n=46, 53%) (p<.001). In total, 42 patients (20%) developed recurrences. The CIR was lower in the CNV low group (5y-CIR, 14%, 95%CI: 6.5%-25%) compared to the CNV moderate (5y-CIR, 31%, 95%CI: 18%-44%) and CNV high group (5y-CIR, 48%, 95%CI: 27%-66%) (p=.004), with adjusted hazard ratios of 2.3 (95%CI: 0.93-5.71; p=0.074) and 2.65 (95%CI: 1.07-6.60; p=.037), respectively. The CIR for locoregional (n=11, 5%) and distant recurrence (n=31, 15%) remained lower in the CNV low group compared to the combined CNV moderate & high groups (Gray test p=.020 and p=.049, respectively). Conclusion: In never-smokers who underwent curative treatment of pathological stage I-II lung adenocarcinoma, copy number status seems a predictor of recurrence, with CNV low tumors associated with the best prognosis. Citation Format: Stijn Vanstraelen, Allison Reiner, Brooke H. Mastrogiacomo, Kay See Tan, Joseph Dycoco, Bernard J. Park, Prasad S. Adusumilli, Matthew J. Bott, David R. Jones, Gaetano Rocco. Somatic copy number variation as prognostic marker for recurrence in never-smokers with early-stage lung adenocarcinoma [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2024; Part 1 (Regular Abstracts); 2024 Apr 5-10; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2024;84(6_Suppl):Abstract nr 5211.

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Pradana, Muhammad Erza. "What Drives Nuclear-Aspiring States? The Cases of Iran and North Korea." Jurnal Sentris 4, no. 1 (June 16, 2023): 61–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.26593/sentris.v4i1.6425.61-72.

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Why do states want to acquire nuclear weapons? In other words, what drives nuclear-aspiring states? This is the basic question that the author seeks to address in this research. To do so, this research will focus on two standout cases: Iran and North Korea. By employing structural realism as a tool of analysis, the author argues that it is the structure of the international system that drives both Iran and North Korea to acquire nuclear weapons of their own. Specifically, it is the highly unequal distribution of power both regionally and globally that encourages both states to go nuclear. At the global level, both Iran and North Korea found themselves in hostilities with a much more powerful state, the United States. The hostilities and the fact that the United States is way more powerful increase the fear of being attacked in both countries. Similarly, at the regional level, both states face neighbors that are relatively more powerful and have alliances with the United States. Thus, this imbalance of power and the fear it created in both Iran and North Korea give them great incentive to go nuclear, as nuclear weapons would act as a deterrent against any possible aggression. This research is qualitative and based on the literature study data collection method. Keywords: Nuclear proliferation; national security; distribution of capabilities; structural realism REFERENCES Abulof, Uriel. 2014. "Revisiting Iran’s nuclear rationales." International Politics 51(3), 404-415. Albright, David, and Andrea Stricker. 2010. "Iran’s Nuclear Program." In The Iran Primer: Power, Politics, and US Policy, edited by Robin Wright, 77-81. Washington, D.C.: United States Institute of Peace Pres. Bowen, W.Q., and J. Brewer. 2011. "Iran’s nuclear challenge: Nine years and counting." International Affairs 87(4): 923–943. Chubin, S. 2007. "Iran: Domestic politics and nuclear choices." In Strategic Asia 2007–08: Domestic Political Change and Grand Strategy, edited by A.J. Tellis, M. Wills and N. Bisley, 301–340. Washington DC: National Bureau of Asian Research. Cronin, Patrick M. 2008. "The Trouble with North Korea." In Double Trouble: Iran and North Korea as Challenges to International Security, edited by Patrick M. Cronin, 79-89. Wesport: Praeger Security International Buszynski, Leszek. 2021. "North Korea's Nuclear Diplomacy." In Routledge Handbook of Contemporary North Korea, edited by Adrian Buzo, -170. Oxon: Routledge. Donnelly, Jack. 2005. "Realism." In Theories of International Relations, edited by Scott Burchill, Andrew Linklater, Richard Devetak, Jack Donnelly, Christian Reus-Smit Matthew Paterson and Jacqui True, 29-54. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan. Greitens, Sheena Chestnut. 2020. "Proliferation of weapons of mass destruction." In The Globalization of World Politics: An Introduction to International Relations, by John Baylis, Steve Smith and Patricia Owens, 465-480. Oxford: Oxford University. Hobbs, Christopher, and Matthew Moran. 2014. Exploring Regional Responses to a Nuclear Iran. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan. Ikenberry, G. John, Michael Mastanduno, and William C. Wohlforth. 2011. "Introduction: unipolarity, state, and systemic consequenses." In International relations theory and the consequences of unipolarity, edited by G. John Ikenberry, Michael Mastanduno and William C. Wohlforth, 1-32. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Jackson, Robert, and Georg Sørensen. 2013. Introduction to International Relations: Theories and Approaches. Oxford: Oxford University Press. Jackson, Van. 2018. On the Brink: Trump, Kim, and the Threat of Nuclear War. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Jørgensen, Knud Erik. 2018. International Relations Theory: A New Introduction. London: Palgrave. Kaufman, Joyce P. 2021. A Concise History of U.S. Foreign Policy. Lanham, Maryland: Rowman & Littlefield Krauthammer, Charles. 1990. "The Unipolar Moment." Foreign Affairs 70(1), 23-33. Mærli, Morten Bremer, and Sverre Lodgaard. 2007. "Introduction." In Nuclear Proliferation and International Security, edited by Morten Bremer Mærli and Sverre Lodgaard, 1-5. Oxon: Routledge. Mearsheimer, John J. 2018. The Great Delusion: Liberal Dreams and International Realities. New Haven: Yale University Press. —. 2001. The Tragedy of Great Power Politics. New York: WW Norton & Company. Mearsheimer, John J., and Stephen M. Walt. 2007. The Israel Lobby and US Foreign Policy. New York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux. Pollack, Jonathan D. 2011. No Exit: North Korea, Nuclear Weapons and International Security. New York: Routledge. Popoola, Michael Akin, Deborah Ebunoluwa Oluwadara, and Abiodun A. Adesegun. 2019. "North Korea Nucler Proliferation in the Context of the Realist Theory: A Review." European Journal of Social Sciences 58(1), 75-82. Porter, Patrick. 2015. The Global Village Myth: Distance, War and the Limits of Power. Washington, D.C.: Georgetown University Press. Sharma, Anu. 2022. Through the Looking Glass: Iran and Its Foreign Relations. New York: Routledge Smith, Shane. 2021. "Nuclear Weapons and North Korean Foreign Policy." In Routledge Handbook of Contemporary North Korea, edited by Adrian Buzo, 141-154. Oxon: Routledge. Tagma, Halit M. E. 2020. "Realism and Iran’s Nuclear Program." In Understanding and Explaining the Iranian Nuclear 'Crisis', by Halit M. E. Tagma and Paul E. Lenze Jr., 65-103. Lanham: Lexington Books. Tagma, Halit M.E, and Paul E. Lenze Jr. Understanding and Explaining the Iranian Nuclear 'Crisis'. Lanham: Lexington Books, 2020. Taylor, Steven J., Robert Bogdan, and Marjorie L. DeVault. 2016. Introduction to Qualitative Research Methods: A Guidebook and Resource. New Jersey: John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Thomas, Garth. 2017. " Realism And Its Impact To The North Korean, South Korean, And Chinese Nuclear Programs (." Master's Thesis. Baltimore, Maryland: Johns Hopkins University, August. Accessed June 27, 2022. https://jscholarship.library.jhu.edu/bitstream/handle/1774.2/60434/THOMAS-THESIS 2017.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y. Viotti, Paul R., and Mark V. Kauppi. 2012. International Relations Theory. Boston: Longman. Vromen, Ariadne. 2010. "Debating Methods: Rediscovering Qualitative Approaches." In Theory and Methods in Political Science, edited by David Marsh and Gerry Stoker, 249-266. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan. Waltz, Kenneth N. 1979. Theory of International Politics. Reading: Addison-Wesley Publishing Company, Inc. Waltz, Kenneth. 2000. "Structural Realism after the Cold War ." International Security 25(1), pp. 5– 41. Yonhap News Agency. 2018. N. Korea will not give up nuclear weapons: Mearsheimer . March 20. Accessed May 18, 2023. https://en.yna.co.kr/view/AEN20180320010200315.

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Sari, Desi Ambar, Yuni Andriani, and Medi Andriani. "Resistensi Antibiotika Pada Penyakit Appendiks Akut Dan Peritonitis Di Bangsal Bedah Rsud Raden Mattaher Jambi Periode Januari 2016 - Desember 2018." Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat Mulawarman (JKMM) 2, no. 1 (July 1, 2020): 49. http://dx.doi.org/10.30872/jkmm.v2i1.4253.

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ABSTRAK Latar Belakang : Resistensi Antibiotik berdampak pada tingginya angka morbiditas dan mortalitas, serta biaya terapi dan kegagalan terapi. Tingginya penggunaan antibiotik merupakan salah satu faktor terjadinya resistensi antibiotik. Pada ruang bedah penggunaan antibiotik terbilang tinggi, sehingga risiko resistensi antibiotik juga tinggi. Restriksi antibiotik merupakan strategi di dunia kesehatan untuk mengurangi kejadian resistensi antibiotik dengan cara membatasi penggunaan antibiotik, antibiotic yang dibatasi disebut juga dengan antibiotic restriksi. Tujuan : Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui resistensi antibiotik di bangsal bedah dalam periode 2016-2018 di RSUD Raden Mattaher Jambi pada penyakit appendiks akut dan peritonitis. Metode : Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian yang menggunakan desain penelitian non-eksperimental. Dengan pengambilan data secara retrospektif dengan melihat data rekam medik pasien di RSUD Raden Mattaher Jambi. Hasil dan pembahasan : Hasil penelitian menunjukkan dari 28 diagnosa yang diambil dari bangsal bedah. Bakteri yang terdapat yaitu bakteri gram negatif dan bakteri gram positif, seperti Escherichia coli dan Enteroccocus faecium. Tingginya penggunaan antibiotik dengan tingkat resistensi tinggi seperti Ceftriaxone (37,2%) Cefixime (21,6%) dan yang paling sedikit adalah Metronidazole, Gentamicin, Amoxicillin, Benzylpenicillin, Eritromycin , Tertacycline, Cefadroxil, Cefotaxime, Ampicillin, Streptomycin, Clindamycin, Qunopristine dan Oxacillin 1,9%. Dan terjadinya resistensi antibiotik pada penyakit appendiks akut pada tahun 2016 - 2018 secara berturut-turut yaitu (27%), (21%) dan (25%). Pada penyakit peritonitis pada tahun 2016-2018 secara berturut-turut yaitu (25%), (21%) dan (0%). Kesimpulan : Dihasilkan kejadian resistensi antibiotik dari tahun 2016-2018 mengalami penurunan. Kata Kunci : Resistensi, Antibiotik, Appendiks akut, Peritonitis

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Sawley, M. L., and M. Q. Tran. "Plasma Physics (Report on the 1984 International Conference, Lausanne, 27 June—3 July 1984)." Nuclear Fusion 25, no. 1 (January 1, 1985): 109–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0029-5515/25/1/013.

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Haddad, Tufia C., Vera Suman, Karthik V. Giridhar, Alvaro Moreno-Aspitia, Donald Northfelt, Brenda Ernst, Kostandinos Sideras, et al. "Abstract OT1-04-02: Anastrozole dose escalation for optimal estrogen suppression in postmenopausal early stage breast cancer: A prospective trial." Cancer Research 83, no. 5_Supplement (March 1, 2023): OT1–04–02—OT1–04–02. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.sabcs22-ot1-04-02.

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Abstract Introduction: We performed matched case-control studies utilizing cohorts of postmenopausal women with ER+ breast cancer receiving adjuvant aromatase inhibitors (AI) on MA.27 [anastrozole, exemestane] or PreFace [letrozole] to assess the association between estrogen suppression after 6 months of treatment and an early breast cancer (EBC) event within 5 years of AI initiation (Clin Cancer Res 2020;26:2986-98). We found a significant 3.0-fold increase in risk of an EBC event for those taking anastrozole with levels of estrone (E1) ≥1.3 pg/mL and estradiol (E2) ≥0.5 pg/mL, but not for exemestane or letrozole. Given these findings we designed a prospective pharmacodynamic (PD) study to evaluate the impact of anastrozole (1 mg/day: ANA1) on E1 and E2 levels, and among those with inadequate estrogen suppression (IES: E1 ≥1.3 pg/mL and E2 ≥0.5 pg/mL), to evaluate the safety and PD efficacy of high-dose anastrozole (10 mg/day: ANA10), which has been found to be safe in prior clinical trials (Cancer 1998;83:1142-52). Methods: Post-menopausal women with stage I-III, ER ≥1% positive/HER2-negative breast cancer who were candidates for anastrozole were eligible after completion of locoregional therapy and chemotherapy, as clinically indicated. Women who were pre-menopausal at diagnosis were not eligible. All patients received 8-10 weeks of ANA1, after which those with adequate estrogen suppression (AES: E1< 1.3 pg/mL or E2< 0.5 pg/mL) came off study. Those with IES went on to receive ANA10 for 8-10 weeks, followed by letrozole (2.5 mg/day: LET) for 8-10 weeks. All patients were managed at their treating oncologist’s discretion following study discontinuation. E1 and E2 blood levels were measured pre-treatment and after completion of each treatment cycle by a CLIA-approved liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry in the Immunochemical Core Laboratory at Mayo Clinic. With a sample size of 29 patients with IES after ANA1, a one-sided binomial test of proportions with a significance level of 0.05 will have an 87% chance of rejecting the proportion with AES after ANA10 is at most 25% (Ho) when the true proportion is at least 50%. Specifically, the null hypothesis is rejected if the number of women with AES after ANA10 is 12 or more. Data lock was July 6, 2022. Results: Of the 161 women enrolled from April 2020 through May 2022, 3 withdrew consent prior to start of ANA1 and 2 were ineligible; thus, 156 women comprised the study cohort. Median patient age was 64 years (range 44-86), 10% of patients were of Hispanic ethnicity and/or non-white race, and 15% received chemotherapy. Six patients remain on ANA1, and 10 discontinued ANA1 due to refusal (7), adverse event (AE) (2), or COVID-19 (1). Forty-one of the remaining 140 patients (29.3%; 95%CI: 21.9-37.6%) had IES with ANA1. Nine of these 41 patients did not go on to ANA10 due to refusal (6) or AE (3). Of the 32 patients who started ANA10, 8 remain on treatment, 5 discontinued due to refusal (3) or AE (1-grade 2 urinary tract infection; 1-grade 1 palpitations), and 19 had a blood draw 45 days or more after starting ANA10. No grade 3-5 AEs or grade 2 hot flashes or arthralgias were reported. Of these 19 patients, 14 achieved AES with ANA10 (73.7%; 95%CI: 48.8-90.9%). All 19 patients switched to LET of which 3 remain on treatment, 1 is missing E1/E2 data, and 15 had a blood draw 45 days or more after starting LET. Of these 15 patients, 10 maintained AES, 2 acquired AES with LET, and 3 no longer had AES. Anastrozole and letrozole drug levels will be reported at the meeting. Conclusions: Approximately 29% of postmenopausal women with ER+/HER2- BC receiving adjuvant anastrozole 1 mg/daily had IES. A majority of these patients achieved AES with dose escalation to ANA10 without tolerability issues. E1 and E2 levels are logical biomarkers given the mechanism of action of anastrozole, and further study utilizing them to determine the optimal dose of anastrozole for a given patient should be performed. Citation Format: Tufia C. Haddad, Vera Suman, Karthik V. Giridhar, Alvaro Moreno-Aspitia, Donald Northfelt, Brenda Ernst, Kostandinos Sideras, Ciara C. O’Sullivan, Ravinder Singh, Zeruesenay Desta, Jodi Taraba, Barbara Goodnature, Matthew P. Goetz, Liewei Wang, James N. Ingle. Anastrozole dose escalation for optimal estrogen suppression in postmenopausal early stage breast cancer: A prospective trial [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2022 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2022 Dec 6-10; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2023;83(5 Suppl):Abstract nr OT1-04-02.

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27

Gabara, Rachel. "Africa First: Volume Two. Focus World. 2012. Available for free viewing athttp://www.hulu.com/africa-first. Includes the following five short films: - Rungano Nyoni, director. Mwansa the Great.23 minutes. Bemba, with English subtitles. Zambia. - Matthew Jankes, director. Umkhungo.31 minutes. Zulu, with English subtitles. South Africa. - Daouda Coulibaly, director. Tinye So.25 minutes. Bambara, with English subtitles. Mali. - Stephen Abbott, director. Dirty Laundry.17 minutes. Zulu and English, with English subtitles). South Africa. - Matt Bishanga, director. A Good Catholic Girl.27 minutes. English. Uganda." African Studies Review 57, no. 3 (December 2014): 254–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/asr.2014.127.

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Ma, Weibin, Jinfei Chai, Zifeng Zhu, Zili Han, Chaofeng Ma, Yuanjun Li, Zhenyu Zhu, et al. "Research on Vibration Law of Railway Tunnel Substructure under Different Axle Loads and Health Conditions." Shock and Vibration 2021 (June 28, 2021): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/9954098.

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In this paper, 25-ton and 27-ton axle heavy trucks are used to carry out moving loading and dynamic real vehicle test on the cracked section, the intact section, and the repaired section of a railway tunnel foundation to test the dynamic performance of the tunnel basement structure with the change of axle loads and health conditions. By analyzing the influence law of dynamic response and fatigue life of heavy haul train under different basement conditions (intact, damaged, and repaired), the adaptability of railway tunnel equipment to freight trucks axle load is clarified. The results show that (1) the intact section of the tunnel can meet the normal operation of 25-ton and 27-ton axle load freight trains in good condition. (2) The normal operation of 25-ton and 27-ton axle load freight trucks is seriously affected by the cracked section of the tunnel. When the cracks in the tunnel basement are gradually hollowed out by groundwater, serious traffic accidents such as vehicle shaking and derailment are likely to occur. (3) The repaired section of the tunnel can meet the normal operation of 25-ton and 27-ton axle load freight trains after adopting the integrated comprehensive treatment of “Anchor-Injection-Drainage”. The research results will have reference significance for the condition assessment and disease treatment of the basement structure of the heavy haul railway tunnel.

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29

Chumikov, A. E., V. S. Cheptsov, P. Wurz, D. Lasi, J. Jost, and N. G. Managadze. "Design, characteristics and scientific tasks of the LASMA-LR laser ionization mass spectrometer onboard Luna-25 and Luna-27 space missions." International Journal of Mass Spectrometry 469 (November 2021): 116676. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijms.2021.116676.

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30

Fakharpour, Mahsa, and Jalal Hajihoseini. "Optimal removal of iron impurities from kaolin by combination of Aspergillus niger & Bacillus subtilis." International Journal of Materials Research 112, no. 6 (May 1, 2021): 498–504. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ijmr-2020-8048.

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Abstract This study was carried out to remove iron from kaolin using a biological method by two different species of Bacillus sp. and the combination of A. niger isolated from pistachio skin & Bacillus subtilis and comparing them with the control sample. The experiments were carried out for Bacillus sp. at 30 °C and 25 °C and for the combination of A. niger & Bacillus subtilis at 27 °C. The concentration of dissolved iron increased with increasing temperature in the samples treated with Bacillus sp. X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy results of the samples at 25 °C showed a reduction of 31.1% in Fe2O3 and Fe content and a reduction of 37% at 30 °C after 28 days. Therefore, iron removal by Bacillus subtilis at 30 °C achieves better performance than at 25 °C. X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy results of the samples treated with the combination of A. niger & Bacillus subtilis show a decrease of 49% in Fe2O3 and Fe content at 27 °C after 14 days. The results of colour measurement showed that kaolin powder treated with the combination of A. niger & Bacillus subtilis at 27 °C had the highest degree of whiteness compared to other samples.

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31

Zdyb, R., and E. Bauer. "Spin-resolved inelastic mean free path of slow electrons in Fe." Journal of Physics: Condensed Matter 25, no. 27 (June 14, 2013): 272201. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0953-8984/25/27/272201.

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32

Bechstedt, Friedhelm, and Abderrezak Belabbes. "Structure, energetics, and electronic states of III–V compound polytypes." Journal of Physics: Condensed Matter 25, no. 27 (June 19, 2013): 273201. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0953-8984/25/27/273201.

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Bilić, A., and S. Sanvito. "Tailoring highly conductive graphene nanoribbons from small polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons: a computational study." Journal of Physics: Condensed Matter 25, no. 27 (June 14, 2013): 275301. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0953-8984/25/27/275301.

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34

Gürel, H. Hakan, and S. Ciraci. "Effects of charging and electric field on graphene functionalized with titanium." Journal of Physics: Condensed Matter 25, no. 27 (June 18, 2013): 275302. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0953-8984/25/27/275302.

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35

Wehinger, Björn, Alexeï Bosak, Aleksandr Chumakov, Alessandro Mirone, Björn Winkler, Leonid Dubrovinsky, Natalia Dubrovinskaia, Vadim Brazhkin, Tatiana Dyuzheva, and Michael Krisch. "Lattice dynamics of coesite." Journal of Physics: Condensed Matter 25, no. 27 (June 17, 2013): 275401. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0953-8984/25/27/275401.

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36

Bonville, P., S. Petit, I. Mirebeau, J. Robert, E. Lhotel, and C. Paulsen. "Magnetization process in Er2Ti2O7at very low temperature." Journal of Physics: Condensed Matter 25, no. 27 (June 14, 2013): 275601. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0953-8984/25/27/275601.

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37

Volkoff, T. J., and K. B. Whaley. "Quantum dynamics of local phase differences between reservoirs of driven interacting bosons separated by simple aperture arrays." Journal of Physics: Condensed Matter 25, no. 27 (June 14, 2013): 275602. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0953-8984/25/27/275602.

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38

Naka, T., K. Sato, M. Taguchi, N. Shirakawa, T. Nakane, F. Ishikawa, Yuh Yamada, Y. Takaesu, T. Nakama, and A. Matsushita. "Characteristics of a granular electronic system in Heusler-type Fe2+xV1−xAl." Journal of Physics: Condensed Matter 25, no. 27 (June 17, 2013): 275603. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0953-8984/25/27/275603.

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39

Zhou, Tingting, Xiaolong Chen, Jiangang Guo, Shifeng Jin, Gang Wang, Xiaofang Lai, Tianping Ying, et al. "Effects of Co and Mn doping in K0.8Fe2−ySe2revisited." Journal of Physics: Condensed Matter 25, no. 27 (June 18, 2013): 275701. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0953-8984/25/27/275701.

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40

Khan, R. U. A., B. L. Cann, P. M. Martineau, J. Samartseva, J. J. P. Freeth, S. J. Sibley, C. B. Hartland, M. E. Newton, H. K. Dhillon, and D. J. Twitchen. "Colour-causing defects and their related optoelectronic transitions in single crystal CVD diamond." Journal of Physics: Condensed Matter 25, no. 27 (June 17, 2013): 275801. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0953-8984/25/27/275801.

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41

Venero, D. Alba, L. Fernández Barquín, J. Alonso, M. L. Fdez-Gubieda, L. Rodríguez Fernández, R. Boada, and J. Chaboy. "Magnetic disorder in diluted FexM100−xgranular thin films (M=Au, Ag, Cu;x< 10 at.%)." Journal of Physics: Condensed Matter 25, no. 27 (June 14, 2013): 276001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0953-8984/25/27/276001.

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42

Santos, B., E. Loginova, A. Mascaraque, A. K. Schmid, K. F. McCarty, and J. de la Figuera. "Corrigendum: Structure and magnetism in ultrathin iron oxides characterized by low energy electron microscopy." Journal of Physics: Condensed Matter 25, no. 27 (June 18, 2013): 279501. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0953-8984/25/27/279501.

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43

Gor'kov, L. P. "Antiferromagnetism of two-dimensional electronic gas on light-irradiated SrTiO3and at LaAlO3/SrTiO3interfaces." Journal of Physics: Condensed Matter 27, no. 25 (May 28, 2015): 252001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0953-8984/27/25/252001.

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Persichetti, L., A. Sgarlata, M. Fanfoni, and A. Balzarotti. "Heteroepitaxy of Ge on singular and vicinal Si surfaces: elastic field symmetry and nanostructure growth." Journal of Physics: Condensed Matter 27, no. 25 (May 28, 2015): 253001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0953-8984/27/25/253001.

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Houssa, M., A. Dimoulas, and A. Molle. "Silicene: a review of recent experimental and theoretical investigations." Journal of Physics: Condensed Matter 27, no. 25 (June 5, 2015): 253002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0953-8984/27/25/253002.

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Yu, T., and M. W. Wu. "Hot-electron effect in spin relaxation of electrically injected electrons in intrinsic Germanium." Journal of Physics: Condensed Matter 27, no. 25 (May 28, 2015): 255001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0953-8984/27/25/255001.

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Han, Seungju, Llorenç Serra, and Mahn-Soo Choi. "Negative tunneling magneto-resistance in quantum wires with strong spin–orbit coupling." Journal of Physics: Condensed Matter 27, no. 25 (May 28, 2015): 255002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0953-8984/27/25/255002.

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Cao, Shi, Ning Wu, William Echtenkamp, Valeria Lauter, Haile Ambaye, Takashi Komesu, Christian Binek, and Peter A. Dowben. "The surface stability of Cr2O3(0 0 0 1)." Journal of Physics: Condensed Matter 27, no. 25 (May 28, 2015): 255003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0953-8984/27/25/255003.

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Kalabukhov, A., Yu A. Boikov, I. T. Serenkov, V. I. Sakharov, T. Claeson, and D. Winkler. "Cation stoichiometry and electrical transport properties of the NdGaO3/(0 0 1)SrTiO3interface." Journal of Physics: Condensed Matter 27, no. 25 (May 28, 2015): 255004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0953-8984/27/25/255004.

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Grazianetti, C., D. Chiappe, E. Cinquanta, M. Fanciulli, and A. Molle. "Nucleation and temperature-driven phase transitions of silicene superstructures on Ag(1 1 1)." Journal of Physics: Condensed Matter 27, no. 25 (May 28, 2015): 255005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0953-8984/27/25/255005.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Matthew 27:25'

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