Journal articles on the topic 'Maternal health, road infrastructure'
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1
Braunfelds, Janis, Ugis Senkans, Peteris Skels, Rims Janeliukstis, Toms Salgals, Dmitrii Redka, Ilya Lyashuk, et al. "FBG-Based Sensing for Structural Health Monitoring of Road Infrastructure." Journal of Sensors 2021 (January 8, 2021): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/8850368.
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Public road infrastructure is developed all around the world. To save resources, ensure public safety, and provide longer-lasting road infrastructure, structural health monitoring (SHM) applications for roads have to be researched and developed. Asphalt is one of the largest used surface materials for the road building industry. This material also provides relatively easy fiber optical sensor technology installment, which can be effectively used for SHM applications—road infrastructure monitoring as well as for resource optimization when road building or their repairs are planned. This article focuses on the research of the fiber Bragg grating (FBG) optical temperature and strain sensor applications in road SHM, which is part of the greater interdisciplinary research project started at the Riga Technical University in the year 2017. Experimental work described in this article was realized in one of the largest Latvian road sites where the FBG strain and temperature sensors were installed into asphalt pavement, and experiments were carried out in two main scenarios. Firstly, in a controlled environment with a calibrated falling weight deflectometer (FWD) to test the installed FBG sensors. Secondly, by evaluating the real-time traffic impact on the measured strain and temperature, where different types of vehicles passed the asphalt span in which the sensors were embedded. The findings in this research illustrate that by gathering and combining data from calibrated FWD measurements, measurements from embedded FBG optical sensors which were providing the essential information of how the pavement structure could sustain the load and information about the traffic intensity on the specific road section, and the structural life of the pavement can be evaluated and predicted. Thus, it enables the optimal pavement future design for necessary requirements and constraints as well as efficient use, maintenance, and timely repairs of the public roads, directly contributing to the overall safety of our transportation system.
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Braunfelds, Janis, Ugis Senkans, Peteris Skels, Rims Janeliukstis, Toms Salgals, Dmitrii Redka, Ilya Lyashuk, et al. "FBG-Based Sensing for Structural Health Monitoring of Road Infrastructure." Journal of Sensors 2021 (January 8, 2021): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/8850368.
Full textAbstract:
Public road infrastructure is developed all around the world. To save resources, ensure public safety, and provide longer-lasting road infrastructure, structural health monitoring (SHM) applications for roads have to be researched and developed. Asphalt is one of the largest used surface materials for the road building industry. This material also provides relatively easy fiber optical sensor technology installment, which can be effectively used for SHM applications—road infrastructure monitoring as well as for resource optimization when road building or their repairs are planned. This article focuses on the research of the fiber Bragg grating (FBG) optical temperature and strain sensor applications in road SHM, which is part of the greater interdisciplinary research project started at the Riga Technical University in the year 2017. Experimental work described in this article was realized in one of the largest Latvian road sites where the FBG strain and temperature sensors were installed into asphalt pavement, and experiments were carried out in two main scenarios. Firstly, in a controlled environment with a calibrated falling weight deflectometer (FWD) to test the installed FBG sensors. Secondly, by evaluating the real-time traffic impact on the measured strain and temperature, where different types of vehicles passed the asphalt span in which the sensors were embedded. The findings in this research illustrate that by gathering and combining data from calibrated FWD measurements, measurements from embedded FBG optical sensors which were providing the essential information of how the pavement structure could sustain the load and information about the traffic intensity on the specific road section, and the structural life of the pavement can be evaluated and predicted. Thus, it enables the optimal pavement future design for necessary requirements and constraints as well as efficient use, maintenance, and timely repairs of the public roads, directly contributing to the overall safety of our transportation system.
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Santos, Paula Suene Pereira dos, Jameson Moreira Belém, Rachel de Sá Barreto Luna Callou Cruz, Cinthia Gondim Pereira Calou, and Dayanne Rakelly de Oliveira. "Applicability of the Three Delays Model in the context of maternal mortality: integrative review." Saúde em Debate 46, no. 135 (December 2022): 1187–201. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/0103-1104202213517i.
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ABSTRACT The objective of this review is to summarize evidence available in the scientific literature from the applicability of the Three Delays Model in the context of maternal mortality in terms of causal factors and interventional measures. It is an integrative literature review, carried out with no time frame, in seven databases, with the descriptors Maternal Mortality, Pregnancy Complications, Maternal Death and the keyword Three Delays Model. 15 studies were selected for analysis. The first delay stood out as a determinant of maternal deaths, with the refusal to seek obstetric care in the health institution an initiative of the woman or family members. In the second delay, geographic factors and poor road infrastructure made access to health services difficult. In the third delay, the care conditions in the health institutions implied a reduced quality of care. The applicability of the model makes it possible to demonstrate the barriers faced by women in the search for obstetric care and to visualize contexts that need interventional actions to face the problem.
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Letsie, Thandiwe Marethabile, and Matjeko Lenka. "Factors Contributing to the Late Commencement of Antenatal Care at a Rural District Hospital in Lesotho." Global Journal of Health Science 13, no. 5 (March 30, 2021): 32. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/gjhs.v13n5p32.
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Antenatal care (ANC) is a key approach aimed at improving maternal and infant health. Numerous factors are associated with late commencement of antenatal care. Sub-Saharan Africa countries are exception to the problem of late commencement of antenatal care. The qualitative, explorative, descriptive and contextual approach was followed. The pregnant women meeting the inclusion criteria, were above 16 weeks and attended antenatal care at the time of the study. Different authorities granted permission to conduct face-to-face, unstructured in-depth interviews. Tesch approach enabled the qualitative researchers to immerse themselves through systematic organization and synthesis of data to create manageable units. an independent co-coder also analyzed data independently. Afterwards, they met and agreed on specific themes and sub-categories. The following five themes emerged; personal and family factors, cultural beliefs and practices, health systems and poor infrastructure. Measures aimed at improving accessibility to the health centers include; road infrastructure, telecommunication and more client centered services. Improvement of early commencement of antenatal services becomes an ideal approach influencing excellent maternal and neonatal outcomes. Therefore, government initiatives aimed at empowering communities on the benefits of commencing antenatal care on time is necessary.
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Higi, Alemayehu Hunduma, Gurmesa Tura Debelew, and Lelisa Sena Dadi. "Perception and Experience of Health Extension Workers on Facilitators and Barriers to Maternal and Newborn Health Service Utilization in Ethiopia: A Qualitative Study." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 19 (October 5, 2021): 10467. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph181910467.
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Background: Health extension workers (HEWs) have substantial inputs to reduce maternal and newborn morbidity and mortality in Ethiopia. However, their perceptions and experiences were not well understood. Therefore, this study aimed to explore their perceptions and experiences on facilitators and barriers to maternal and newborn health services in Ethiopia. Methods: A descriptive qualitative study was conducted from 8–28 April 2021 in Oromia, Amhara and Southern Nation, Nationality, and People’s Regional State of Ethiopia. Focused group discussions were made with purposively selected 60 HEWs. The data were transcribed verbatim and translated into English. An inductive thematic analysis was carried out using Atlas ti.7.1. The findings were presented in major themes, categories, and sub-categories with supporting quote(s). Results: The findings were categorized into two major themes (i.e., facilitators and barriers) and seven sub-themes. Community-related facilitators encompass awareness and behavior at the individual, family, and community. Significant others such as traditional birth attendants, religious leaders, women developmental armies, and kebele chairman substantially contributed to service utilization. Availability/access to infrastructures such as telephone, transportation services, and solar energy systems facilitated the service utilization. Furthermore, health facility-related facilitators include the availability of HEWs; free services; supervision and monitoring; maternity waiting rooms; and access to ambulance services. Maternal and newborn health services were affected by community-related barriers (i.e., distance, topography, religious and socio-cultural beliefs/practices, unpleasant rumors, etc.,), health facility-related barriers (i.e., health worker’s behaviors; lack of logistics; lack of adequate ambulance service, and placement and quality of health post), and infrastructure (i.e., lack or poor quality of road and lack of water). Conclusions: The HEWs perceived and experienced a wide range of facilitators and barriers that affected maternal and newborn health services. The study findings warrant that there was a disparity in behavioral factors (awareness, beliefs, and behaviors) among community members, including pregnant women. This underscores the need to design health education programs and conduct social and behavioral change communication interventions to address individuals, families, and the broader community to enhance maternal and newborn health service utilization. On the other hand, the health sector should put into practice the available strategies, and health workers provide services with empathy, compassion, and respect.
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Widyaningsih, Dyan, Elza Samantha Elmira, and Andi Misbahul Pratiwi. "Poor Women’s Access to Antenatal Care and Childbirth Services in Indonesia: Case Study in Five Districts." Jurnal Perempuan 24, no. 3 (September 12, 2019): 233. http://dx.doi.org/10.34309/jp.v24i3.345.
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<p>The health of pregnant women often becomes an indicator of human development. On the other hand, the fact of the high maternal mortality rate, raises questions related to the government’s attention to the health of pregnant women, especially women in poor areas. This article focuses on poor women’s access to health services for antenatal care and childbirth in five regencies in Indonesia. The aspects studied include the availability of health services for antenatal care and childbirth, poor women’s access to these services, and supporting factors/actors and barriers to poor women’s access to health services. This article showed that the availability of health facilities is not always in line with the increased awareness of pregnant women to access these services. Road infrastructure condition, distance, and cost to access health service still remain a challenge. Meanwhile, the policy of incentives and disincentives to traditional birth attendants has an influence on the increasing number of pregnant women who check their pregnancies and childbirth at health facilities. Thus, health issues of pregnant women and safe childbirth require a different effort. Aspects of the local context and supporting infrastructure also require serious attention.</p><p> </p>
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Sierra, Cristobal, Shuva Paul, Akhlaqur Rahman, and Ambarish Kulkarni. "Development of a Cognitive Digital Twin for Pavement Infrastructure Health Monitoring." Infrastructures 7, no. 9 (August 29, 2022): 113. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/infrastructures7090113.
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A road network is the key foundation of any nation’s critical infrastructure. Pavements represent one of the longest-living structures, having a post-construction life of 20–40 years. Currently, most attempts at maintaining and repairing these structures are performed in a reactive and traditional fashion. Recent advances in technology and research have proposed the implementation of costly measures and time-intensive techniques. This research presents a novel automated approach to develop a cognitive twin of a pavement structure by implementing advanced modelling and machine learning techniques from unmanned aerial vehicle (e.g., drone) acquired data. The research established how the twin is initially developed and subsequently capable of detecting current damage on the pavement structure. The proposed method is also compared to the traditional approach of evaluating pavement condition as well as the more advanced method of employing a specialized diagnosis vehicle. This study demonstrated an efficiency enhancement of maintaining pavement infrastructure.
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Cafiso, Salvatore, A. Di Graziano, R. Fedele, V. Marchetta, and F. Praticò. "Sensor-based pavement diagnostic using acoustic signature for moduli estimation." International Journal of Pavement Research and Technology 13, no. 6 (November 2020): 573–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s42947-020-6007-4.
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AbstractThe diffusion of smart infrastructures for smart cities provides new opportunities for the improvement of both road infrastructure monitoring and maintenance management.Often pavement management is based on the periodic assessment of the elastic modulus of the bound layers (i.e., asphalt concrete layers) by means of traditional systems, such as Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR) and Falling Weight Deflectometer (FWD). Even if these methods are reliable, well-known, and widespread, they are quite complex, expensive, and are not able to provide updated information about the evolving structural health condition of the road pavement. Hence, more advanced, effective, and economical monitoring systems can be used to solve the problems mentioned above.Consequently, the main objective of the study presented in this paper is to present and apply an innovative solution that can be used to make smarter the road pavement monitoring. In more detail, an innovative Non-Destructive Test (NDT)-based sensing unit was used to gather the vibro-acoustic signatures of road pavements with different deterioration levels (e.g. with and without fatigue cracks) of an urban road. Meaningful features were extracted from the aforementioned acoustic signature and the correlation with the elastic modulus defined using GPR and FWD data was investigated.Results show that some of the features have a good correlation with the elastic moduli of the road section under investigation. Consequently, the innovative solution could be used to evaluate the variability of elastic modulus of the asphalt concrete layers, and to monitor with continuity the deterioration of road pavements under the traffic loads.
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Fiandaca, Dario, Alberto Di Matteo, Bernardo Patella, Nadia Moukri, Rosalinda Inguanta, Daniel Llort, Antonio Mulone, Angelo Mulone, Soughah Alsamahi, and Antonina Pirrotta. "An Integrated Approach for Structural Health Monitoring and Damage Detection of Bridges: An Experimental Assessment." Applied Sciences 12, no. 24 (December 19, 2022): 13018. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app122413018.
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The issue of monitoring the structural condition of bridges is becoming a top priority worldwide. As is well known, any infrastructure undergoes a progressive deterioration of its structural conditions due to aging by normal service loads and environmental conditions. At the same time, it may suffer serious damages or collapse due to natural phenomena such as earthquakes or strong winds. For this reason, it is essential to rely on efficient and widespread monitoring techniques applied throughout the entire road network. This paper aims to introduce an integrated procedure for structural and material monitoring. With regard to structural monitoring, an innovative approach for monitoring based on Vehicle by Bridge Interaction (VBI) will be proposed. Furthermore, with regard to material monitoring, to evaluate concrete degradation, a non-invasive method based on the continuous monitoring of the pH, as well as chloride and sulfate ions concentration in the concrete, is presented.
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Faßbender, Sabine, and Markus Oeser. "Investigation on an Absorbing Layer Suitable for a Noise-Reducing Two-Layer Pavement." Materials 13, no. 5 (March 9, 2020): 1235. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma13051235.
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A polyurethane-based rubber-modified layer within a road superstructure leads to absorption of traffic emissions. Noise emissions have quite a negative effect on society, as they lead to high stress levels and health risks for people. Therefore, constructional methods of noise-reducing road layers have been developed before. This research paper focuses on the questions whether the existing noise-reducing road constructions, which have a low durability, can be optimized in terms of a longer duration while simultaneously maintaining the noise-reducing effects. Within this research, a large parametric study contributed to an optimal solution of a noise-reducing and durable layer. We found that noise absorption is mainly dependent of the void content of the pavement and its flexibility. Also, a result is that the durability of a road layer is based on the properties of the binder as well as the composition of the mixture, i.e., the grading curve. As we used polyurethane binders within our mixtures, which have a low dependency on regular environmental temperatures after their complete chemical reaction, we can imply a low temperature dependence of the entire polyurethane asphalt mixture. Based on these results, the construction of a noise-reducing and durable road layer is a great solution. The application of such road layers leads to lower traffic emissions at major hotspots. These might be urban highways, where the infrastructure is too tight to build noise barriers, enclosures or tunnels.
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Chauhan, Nelia Lois, Devendra Singh, and Bharat Kumar. "Detriments and Utilisation of Maternal Health Care Services in Urban slums of Agra City." Revista Review Index Journal of Multidisciplinary 2, no. 1 (March 31, 2022): 41–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.31305/rrijm2022.v02.n01.006.
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Access of slum population to basic services is a key indicator of the quality of life in slums in particular and the city in general. Basic infrastructure includes roads, sewer lines, storm water drains, community latrines, street lights, drinking water supply, school, electricity; health centers etc. In this paper research was a cross-sectional and descriptive survey conducted in the slums of Agra from March 2017 to March 2018.The study participants were women who had delivered babies 03 years prior to the survey along with the head of the families. The calculated size was 400 hundred households across the four zones of Agra city. The data collected was entered and analyzed using SPSS. The health of the slum communities is considerably worse off than the non- poor in urban area and is comparable to the rural figure. There are 48.47% women in India out which 22.2 % are in reproductive age. Due to the risk linked with child birth and child care women and children form the “vulnerable” group in need of health services. It is found that utilization of Maternal and Child Health services among the migratory and slum dwellers living in the Municipality area of Agra is not satisfactory. 44.1% reported that there were children born in the family during the last three years preceding the survey 35.5% of mothers delivered at home. The reasons given for not availing the ANC were, 34.4 % thought it was not necessary, 61.2% had financial problems. It is urgent requirement to establish sub centers of primary health in slum areas, where timing of these sub centers should be in such manner so that slum dwellers can avail health services.
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Cornaggia, Aram, Rosalba Ferrari, Maurizio Zola, Egidio Rizzi, and Carmelo Gentile. "Signal Processing Methodology of Response Data from a Historical Arch Bridge toward Reliable Modal Identification." Infrastructures 7, no. 5 (May 23, 2022): 74. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/infrastructures7050074.
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The paper is part of a case study concerning the structural assessment of a historical infrastructure in the local territory, a road three-span reinforced concrete arch bridge over a river, built by the end of World War I (1917). The purpose of the paper is twofold: first, in-situ acquired response data are systematically analysed by specific signal processing techniques, to form a devoted methodological procedure and to extract useful information toward possible interpretation of the current structural conditions; second, the deciphered information is elaborated, in view of obtaining peculiar conceptualisations of detailed features of the structural response, as meant to achieve quantitative descriptions and modelling, for final Structural Health Monitoring (SHM) and intervention purposes. The proposed methodology, integrating self-implemented and adapted classical signal processing methods, and refined techniques, such as Wavelet analysis and ARMA models, assembles a rather general, systematic methodological approach to signal processing, highlighting the capability to extract useful and fundamental information from acquired response data, also endowed of a non-stationary character, toward final structural interpretation, identification and modelling, thus enabling for developing a reliable and effective SHM platform, on strategic ageing infrastructures. For the present case study, non-stationary characteristics of the response signals are revealed and flattened out, to identify the underlying fundamental frequencies of the infrastructure and to advance particular interpretations of its current structural behaviour, in forming an enlarging structural consciousness of the bridge at hand.
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Tsynka, Anatolii, Serhii Illiash, and Volodymyr Zelenovskyi. "IMPROVEMENT OF BUILDING CODES FOR QUALITY DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS." Dorogi i mosti 2022, no. 25 (March 17, 2022): 110–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.36100/dorogimosti2022.25.110.
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Abstract Introduction. This article considers the issue of modernization of the regulatory and technical base of the road sector in the design and construction of streets and roads of settlements and public roads (hereinafter - highways) on the basis of analysis of existing regulations, regulations, technical literature, which refers to the objects of regulation and, of course, taking into account the requirements dictated by today's safety and environmental protection. The work concerns the basic building codes for the design and construction of roads, namely those innovations that have already been approved and are planned to be put into operation in the near future. Problem statement. Implementation of a common technical policy in road construction, ensuring their reliability and durability, increasing the efficiency of capital investments, implementing the provisions of Directive 2008/96 / EC of the European Parliament and of the Council on Road Infrastructure Safety Management, harmonizing international and European standards, implementing scientific and technical standards achievements of science and advanced domestic and world experience in the practice of design and construction, saving material, labor, financial and energy resources, improving design solutions, construction quality, occupational safety and health, rational use of land, other natural resources and environmental protection, encourages the continuous improvement of state building codes, as fundamental documents for the design and construction of roads. Objective. The main documents governing the requirements for the design and construction of roads, namely DBN B.2.3-4: 2015 "Roads. Part I. Design. Part II. Construction ", which were republished in 2015 and DBN B.2.3-5: 2018" Streets and roads of settlements ", republished in 2018, taking into account the current traffic intensity, increased requirements for the load on pavement, safety requirements and environmental protection, as well as the development of regulatory and technical framework, developed appropriate changes and additions. In order to reveal and detail their essence, effectiveness and purposefulness, the relevant material developed in this article has been developed. Materials and methods. The presented work is based on analytical, practical and theoretical research related to standardization requirements for the design and construction of streets and roads of settlements and public roads. Results. Amendments to the state building norms have been developed, which set requirements for the design and construction of streets and roads of settlements and public roads, taking into account modern design requirements, the latest materials and technologies. Conclusions. The requirements set out in the developed amendments to the state building codes for the design and construction of streets and roads of settlements and public roads are internal indicators. They are formed by complex analytical and practical calculations from many variables and unknowns, numerous public meetings and legal meetings, long-term coordination with central executive bodies, there are complex expert verification of the basic organization that implements scientific activities in construction and approval. Huge amounts of statistics and the best world and domestic experience were used to achieve the end result. Based on the results of the work performed, the most optimal requirements have been established, the main requirements that regulate the principles of design and construction of high-quality roads in Ukraine according to modern European standards. Keywords: building norms, public highways, streets and roads of settlements, design of highways, construction of highways, changes to building norms.
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Korfmacher, Karl, J. Scott Hawker, and James Winebrake. "Transportation Activities Associated with High-Volume Hydraulic Fracturing Operations in the Marcellus Shale Formation." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 2503, no. 1 (January 2015): 70–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/2503-08.
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The natural gas extraction method of high-volume hydraulic fracturing (HVHF) has a significant truck transportation component, with estimates ranging from 625 to 1,148 heavy truck trips for equipment, materials, and waste movement for each well drilled in the Marcellus Shale. ArcGIS Network Analyst was used to analyze the environmental impacts of transporting sand and water to, and waste from, Pennsylvania wells from 2011 to 2013. The locations of wells, resource supply areas, and waste disposal facilities served as a series of origin and destination pairings for probable truck routes. Material and waste volumes per well were used to estimate the truck counts assigned to each route, leading to estimates of truck traffic by road segment. Emission loads and energy usage were calculated with the geospatial inter modal freight transport model. Simulation results of 22-ton loads estimated 4.4 million one-way truck trips totaling nearly 86.5 million vehicle miles and producing nearly 19 Mg of particulate matter and 745 Mg of nitrogen oxides, among other pollutants. Maps showing road segments with high truck counts identified areas of potential health and infrastructure impacts. On-site recycling of wastes offset an estimated 842,678 truck trips and associated emissions. Case studies developed during this project pointed to the need for better data collection and data distribution efforts in states extracting gas and those considering whether to allow HVHF operations. The results will help policy analysts and environmental planners to understand and evaluate the environmental, health, and economic impacts (pro and con) associated with the movement of HVHF equipment and materials.
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Jogiparthi, Sandeep, and Ramu Penki. "A Review on the Development and Need of Bicycle Level of Service." Journal of Transportation Systems 7, no. 3 (September 13, 2022): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.46610/jots.2022.v07i03.001.
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Bicycle is a non-motorized vehicle which is used to travel for short-distances in the communities and it’s a mode choice for lowincome group. Generally, the infrastructure related to active modes of transport is neglected and by this the active modes user’s faces hard times in regarding safety and are more vulnerable to accidents while travelling on the road. So, it is important to consider active mode users in planning with equal importance to all the road users. The purpose of study is to emphasis on the importance of facility provision for bicycle use and to provide an overview over the evaluation parameters that are used in the assessing the road with respect to user comfort i.e., use of bicycle level of service (BLOS) to evaluate the existing facilities and to make necessary amendments to provide better facilities to the users in terms of safety and comfort.
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Dymkova, Svetlana. "EARTH OBSERVATION AND GLOBAL NAVIGATION SATELLITE SYSTEMS ANALITICAL REPORT PART I (AVIATION AND SPACE)." SYNCHROINFO JOURNAL 8, no. 1 (2022): 30–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.36724/2664-066x-2022-8-1-30-41.
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The EU Space Programme is a business growth enabler that stimulates the economy and pushes the bar of innovation. The EUSPA EO & GNSS Market Report is the ultimate guide to anyone who seeks to make the EU Satellite Navigation and Earth Observation technologies part of their business plan and develop new space downstream applications. More than ever society relies on innovative solutions to deal with the big data paradigm. Earth Observation (EO) and Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) data is becoming increasingly important to these innovative solutions through dozens of applications that are emerging or already in use by citizens, businesses, governments, industry, international organisations, NGOs and researchers around the world. The study provides analytical information on the dynamic GNSS and EO markets, along with indepth analyses of the latest global trends and developments through illustrated examples and use cases. Using advanced econometric models, it also offers market evolution forecasts of GNSS shipments or EO revenues spanning to 2031. With a focus on Galileo/EGNOS and Copernicus, the report highlights the essential role of space data across 17 market segments including, Agriculture; Aviation and Drones; Biodiversity, Ecosystems and Natural Capital; Climate Services; Consumer Solutions, Tourism, and Health; Emergency Management and Humanitarian Aid; Energy and Raw Materials; Environmental Monitoring; Fisheries and Aquaculture; Forestry; Infrastructure; Insurance and Finance; Maritime and Inland Waterways; Rail; Road and Automotive; Urban Development and Cultural Heritage; and Space. This article represent the brief overview essential role of space data across 2 market segments including, Aviation and Drones and Rail, Road and Automotive.
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SANTOSA, TEGUH, and TRISNAWATI KUSUMAWARDHANI. "ANALISIS DAMPAK PEMBANGUNAN TOL CISUMDAWU SEKSI 2 FASE 2 TERHADAP PEREKONOMIAN PENDUDUK SEKITAR (Studi Deskriptif Kualitatif Terhadap Penduduk Dusun.Gawiru, Desa Girimukti, Kecamatan.Sumedang.Utara, Kabupaten.Sumedang-Provinsi Jawa.Barat)." Develop: Jurnal Ekonomi Pembangunan 1, no. 1 (June 22, 2021): 15–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.53990/djep.v1i1.67.
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The construction of the Phase 2 Cisumdawu toll road, located in Gawiru Hamlet, Girimukti Village, Sumedang District, Sumedang Regency, West Java, has an impact on the surrounding population. Both positive and negative impacts. The positive impact is that the surrounding population is empowered to do work outside of project work such as cooking services, clothes washing services, mess cleaning services and project offices, daily warehouse clerk services (checking supplies of material goods), field survey implementers, security, foreman, local subcontractor, plagman. The negative impact is the lack of buyers for traders around Jalan Cadas Pangeran. Infrastructure development should be followed by human development. According to UNDP, indicators of the success of human development include 1) equity, namely equitable distribution of development results, equitable distribution to be able to easily access primary human needs (clothing, food, shelter), the need for health services that have now gone through BPJS, the need for education which is now running with the SPP-free program for state schools, 2) the ability of every human being to be productive according to their creativity and innovation, 3) empowerment, namely growth and human resource development that the government strives for. This study uses a qualitative methodology by conducting in-depth interviews, while the paradigm of this research is constructivism
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Borges, Fábio de Souza Pereira, Adelayda Pallavicini Fonseca, and Reinaldo Crispiniano Garcia. "Deep Reinforcement Learning Model to Mitigate Congestion in Real-Time Traffic Light Networks." Infrastructures 6, no. 10 (September 26, 2021): 138. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/infrastructures6100138.
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Urban traffic congestion has a significant detrimental impact on the environment, public health and the economy, with at a high cost to society worldwide. Moreover, it is not possible to continually modify urban road infrastructure in order to mitigate increasing traffic demand. Therefore, it is important to develop traffic control models that can handle high-volume traffic data and synchronize traffic lights in an urban network in real time, without interfering with other initiatives. Within this context, this study proposes a model, based on deep reinforcement learning, for synchronizing the traffic signals of an urban traffic network composed of two intersections. The calibration of this model, including training of its neural network, was performed using real traffic data collected at the approach to each intersection. The results achieved through simulations were very promising, yielding significant improvements in indicators measured in relation to the pre-existing conditions in the network. The model was able to deal with a broad spectrum of traffic flows and, in peak demand periods, reduced delays and queue lengths by more than 28% and 42%, respectively.
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Breusov, Aleksey V., Vladimir V. Kharchenko, and Dmitriy A. Breusov. "The main aspects of improvement of emergency medical care for patients with acute coronary syndrome." Science and Innovations in Medicine 4, no. 4 (December 15, 2019): 33–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.35693/2500-1388-2019-4-4-33-37.
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Objectives - to develop the main strategies of emergency medical care improvement for patients with acute coronary syndrome, in order to to reduce the morbidity and mortality in the population of a large industrial region. Material and methods. The study was conducted on the basis of the Moscow regional ambulance station. We used the content analysis, logical, system analysis, the method of mathematical statistics. Results. In the period 2017-2018, in the region's population, there is a tendency for decrease in the number of calls for ambulance teams caused by acute coronary syndrome. During the analyzed period, we noticed the reduction of the number of cases of pre-hospital thrombolytic therapy (by 17.5%). The response time to the patient's call not more than 20 minutes was observed in 92.9% of cases, the number of lethal outcomes in presence of the ambulance team decreased by 4. 6%. The results can be explained by the dynamic development of the infrastructure of cities and districts of the Moscow Region, by the improvement of road networks, by the complete renewal of the service's motor vehicle fleet, and by the opening of a number of new specialized medical institutions. A set of medical and organizational measures has been developed and put into practice in the ambulance service of the region, aimed at further improvement of the system of ambulance care for patients with acute coronary syndrome at the prehospital stage. Conclusion. The mortality reduction, preservation and improvement of public health can be achieved only through the comprehensive sustainable development of the region’s infrastructure, improvement of the organizational structure of the emergency medical service, mandatory use of algorithms and standards for the provision of medical care to patients at all stages.
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Wahyono, Teguh. "EKONOMI INDUSTRIKELAPA SAWIT DI INDONESIA SERTA KAITANNYA DENGAN PROGRAM PENELITIAN DAN PENGEMBANGAN." Agro Ekonomi 15, no. 1 (January 20, 2017): 85. http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/jae.18173.
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This paper presents the role of oil palm into national economy, especially into Gross Domestic Product, fiscal earnings, employment, and regional development. Thispaper also brings up research and development program of oil palm, in terms of technology and socio-economic, by considering governmental policy, especially Board of Agriculture Research and Development. "2003 oil palm production is Rp39.39 trillion, with the contribution to plantation, agriculture, and entire sector GDP are 84%, 13%, and 2%, respectively. Land tax (PBB) is Rp3.8 billion, income tax (PPh) Rp5.12 trillion, value added tax (PPn) Rp3.94 trillion, and export tax(PE) Rp731.85 billion. In the end of2003, area of oil palm is 5,247,171 hawith labor necessity is 35 people per 100 ha. There are 320 unit of oil mills,with total processing capacity is 13.521 ton fresh fruit bunches per hour.Each oil mill under 30 ton of FFB per hour processing capacity needs 136labor. More labor can be employed by downstream industry which provideraw material for oil palm. Plantation development also cover the development of physical infrastructure, i.e. road, bridge, school building, mosque, church, etc. Furthermore, it is followed by socio-economic development, i.e. commerce center, financial, education, health, sport, entertainment, etc. Technological innovation have been developed by Indonesian Oil Palm Research Institute through research and development program. Some technological package also have been produced, both upstream and downstream industries.
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MARTSENIUK, Olena. "CURRENT TRENDS OF AUTOTRANSPORT INSURANCE IN UKRAINE." "EСONOMY. FINANСES. MANAGEMENT: Topical issues of science and practical activity", no. 2 (56) (June 29, 2021): 94–107. http://dx.doi.org/10.37128/2411-4413-2021-2-7.
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The research of the article is aimed at highlighting the essence and features of the functioning of the car insurance market in Ukraine. The study found that motor insurance is associated with profound economic and social changes in society due to mass motorization, the growth of the car fleet and traffic intensity, as well as huge material losses as a result of road accidents. It should be noted that freight transport is developing quite rapidly both within the country and abroad. At the same time, an increase in the number of intercity bus transportation, excursion and tourist bus services has been established, and as a result, international motor tourism is growing. It is proved that these factors contribute to the growth of accidents, losses in the transportation of goods, increase accidents with passengers and pedestrians on highways and, accordingly, material and social losses of society, population, commercial and government agencies. It is substantiated that insurance in general and civil liability insurance, as its integral part, is an infrastructure that helps to increase the efficiency of all areas of business. This determines the importance of the development of all types of insurance in Ukraine, taking into account the process of integration into the world community. It is established that the development of insurance market in our country should be based on the study and balanced use of experience of industrialized countries with long traditions in the insurance market, legal regulation of insurers and diversification of various types of insurance. However, it should be borne in mind that the world community has invented universal means of compensation, which is the most popular type of liability insurance worldwide – is the insurance of civil liability of owners of land vehicles. It provides for the payment of monetary compensation to the victim in the amount that would be collected from the owner of the vehicle on a civil lawsuit in favor of a third party for damage to life and health, as well as for damage or loss of property due to an accident or other road – transport accident due to the fault of the insured. Given the state and prospects of motorization in our country, as well as foreign experience in insurance market, we can say with confidence that liability insurance is one of the leading areas among other types of insurance. However, in its organization and implementation there are many different problems of legal, social, economic and organizational type. Recommendations on the prospects for the development of civil liability insurance of owners of land vehicles in Ukraine are given.
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Parulian, Tohap, and A. Mahendra. "Analysis of the Influence of Road Infrastructure, Electrical Infrastructure and Health Infrastructure on Economic Growth with Investment as a Moderating Variable in Indonesia." International Journal of Research and Review 9, no. 1 (January 21, 2022): 489–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.52403/ijrr.20220155.
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This research is intended to know the influence of Road Infrastructure, Electrical Infrastructure, and Health Infrastructure with Investment as a moderating variable in Indonesia during the period 2004-2020. The multiple regression analysis conducted estimates. The data used in this study were secondary, consisting of Road Infrastructure, Electrical Infrastructure, and Health Infrastructure to Economic Growth for the year 2004-2020. The results of this research that the Road Infrastructure, Electrical Infrastructure, and Health Infrastructure variables partially have a significant effect on the variables of the Economic Growth in Indonesia. In addition, based on simultaneous test (F test), Road Infrastructure, Electrical Infrastructure, and Health Infrastructure have a significant effect on the variables of the economic growth simultaneously. The investment cannot moderate the relationship between Road Infrastructure, Electrical Infrastructure, and Health Infrastructure on Economic Growth. Keywords: Road Infrastructure, Electrical Infrastructure, Health Infrastructure, Investment, and Economic Growth.
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Harrou, Fouzi, Abdelkader Dairi, Abdelhafid Zeroual, and Ying Sun. "Forecasting of Bicycle and Pedestrian Traffic Using Flexible and Efficient Hybrid Deep Learning Approach." Applied Sciences 12, no. 9 (April 28, 2022): 4482. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app12094482.
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Recently, increasing interest in managing pedestrian and bicycle flows has been demonstrated by cities and transportation professionals aiming to reach community goals related to health, safety, and the environment. Precise forecasting of pedestrian and bicycle traffic flow is crucial for identifying the potential use of bicycle and pedestrian infrastructure and improving bicyclists’ safety and comfort. Advances in sensory technology enable collecting massive traffic flow data, including road traffic, bicycle, and pedestrian traffic flow. This paper introduces a novel deep hybrid learning model with a fully guided-attention mechanism to improve bicycles and pedestrians’ traffic flow forecasting. Notably, the proposed approach extends the modeling capability of the Variational Autoencoder (VAE) by merging a long short-term memory (LSTM) model with the VAE’s decoder and using a self-attention mechanism at multi-stage of the VAE model (i.e., decoder and before data resampling). Specifically, LSTM improves the VAE decoder’s capacity in learning temporal dependencies, and the guided-attention units enable selecting relevant features based on the self-attention mechanism. This proposed deep hybrid learning model with a multi-stage guided-attention mechanism is called GAHD-VAE. Proposed methods were validated with traffic measurements from six publicly available pedestrian and bicycle traffic flow datasets. The proposed method provides promising forecasting results but requires no assumptions that the data are drawn from a given distribution. Results revealed that the GAHD-VAE methodology can efficiently enhance the traffic forecasting accuracy and achieved better performance than the deep learning methods VAE, LSTM, gated recurrent units (GRUs), bidirectional LSTM, bidirectional GRU, convolutional neural network (CNN), and convolutional LSTM (ConvLSTM), and four shallow methods, linear regression, lasso regression, ridge regression, and support vector regression.
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Sinaga, Syamsidar, Irsad ., and Rahmanta . "Analysis of the Influence of Infrastructure on Economic Growth in North Sumatra Province." International Journal of Research and Review 8, no. 4 (April 21, 2021): 196–210. http://dx.doi.org/10.52403/ijrr.20210427.
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The objective of the research was to analyze the influence of road infrastructure, health infrastructure, and government spending in infrastructure on economic growth in North Sumatra Province. In the model equation, economic growth is dependent variable while road infrastructure, health infrastructure and government spending in infrastructure are independent variable. The scope of this research is the district and city in North Sumatra Province, exactly 32 districts/cities from 2015-2019. The analyzing model is the Fixed Effect Model, by using E-views 10 software. The result of the research showed that road infrastructure, health infrastructure, and government spending in infrastructure simultaneously had significant influence on economic growth. Partially road infrastructure had negative and not significant influence on economic growth, health infrastructure had positive and significant influence on economic growth and government spending in infrastructure had positive and not significant influence on economic growth in North Sumatra Province. Keywords: Road Infrastructure, Health Infrastructure, Government Spending in Infrastructure, Economic Growth.
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Sukhadolets, Tatyana, Elena Stupnikova, and Olga Olenina. "Infrastructure road construction environmental risks minimization." E3S Web of Conferences 311 (2021): 01009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202131101009.
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Measures to reduce environmental risks within the infrastructure construction are mainly reduced to recommendations on use of renewable energy sources, and use of vehicles with hybrid and electric motors. The article shows that the predominant factor in reducing environmental risks is investment in fixed assets for environmental protection. The analysis performed using OLS confirmed that the degree of P-value dependence in all three constructed models was obtained for the Investments variable.
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Meijer, Johan R., Mark A. J. Huijbregts, Kees C. G. J. Schotten, and Aafke M. Schipper. "Global patterns of current and future road infrastructure." Environmental Research Letters 13, no. 6 (May 23, 2018): 064006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/aabd42.
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Setyowati, Lilis, and Lukman Ary Himawan. "ANALISIS PEMBANGUNAN INSFRASTRUKTUR DAERAH TERHADAP PENDAPATAN ASLI DAERAH." Review of Applied Accounting Research (RAAR) 1, no. 2 (October 10, 2021): 50. http://dx.doi.org/10.30595/raar.v1i2.11926.
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The purpose of this study is to analyze the long-term and short-term between road infrastructure development, tourism infrastructure development, health infrastructure development, and trade infrastructure development to local revenue in Semarang City. The method used in determining the sample is cluster random sampling. The data is obtained from local revenue and infrastructure development expenditures for eight years, namely from 2012-2019. The results show that health infrastructure development and trade infrastructure development in the long and short term contribute more and affect local revenue. In contrast, road infrastructure development and tourism infrastructure development do not contribute and do not affect local revenue.
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Muryani, Muryani, and Agna Amalia. "IMPACT OF ROAD INFRASTRUCTURE, EDUCATION, HEALTH AND FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT TOWARDS INDONESIA’S ECONOMIC GROWTH: LEVEL OF 33 PROVINCES." AFEBI Economic and Finance Review 3, no. 02 (June 19, 2019): 35. http://dx.doi.org/10.47312/aefr.v3i02.204.
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<p><em>Economic growth is the most important factor to gain successful long-term development. The economy growth factors are road infrastructure, education, health, and foreign direct investment. This study analyzes the influence of road infrastructure, education, health and foreign direct investment on economic growth of 33 provinces in Indonesia in 2010-2016. This study uses panel data regression method and uses STATA 14 software. The regression estimation results showed that simultaneously road infrastructure, education, health, and foreign direct investment had an effect on economic growth of 33 provinces in Indonesia, while partially (individually) foreign direct investment doesn’t have significant effect.</em><em></em></p><pre><strong><em>JEL Classdification: </em></strong><em>H51, H52, H54</em></pre><pre><strong><em>Keywords</em></strong><strong><em>: </em></strong><em>Economic Growth, Education, Foreign Direct Investment, Health, Road Infrastructure</em></pre>
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Albalate, Daniel, Laura Fernández, and Anastasiya Yarygina. "The road against fatalities: Infrastructure spending vs. regulation??" Accident Analysis & Prevention 59 (October 2013): 227–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.aap.2013.06.008.
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Nguyen, Thi Hoai Thu, Fiona McDonald, and Andrew Wilson. "Health Workers’ Perspectives on Infrastructure to Support Maternal Health Services in Rural Areas of Vietnam." Asia Pacific Journal of Health Management 12, no. 2 (July 25, 2017): 55–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.24083/apjhm.v12i2.81.
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Background: One common governance issue faced by developing countries is the establishment and maintenance of infrastructure to support the delivery of primary health services. This qualitative study explores the perspective of maternal health workers on how infrastructure impacts the provision of maternity services in rural areas in Vietnam.
Methods: Forty-one health workers and health managers at the commune, district and provincial levels of the Vietnamese public health system were interviewed. Questions focused on the impact of various organisational factors, including the impact of infrastructure on the performance of the health workforce, which provides publicly funded primary care. All interviews were recorded, transcribed and coded for thematic analysis.
Findings: Participants noted that infrastructure directly affected their ability to perform certain tasks and could both directly and indirectly negatively impact their motivation. In general, participants noted a lack of investment in infrastructure for the provision of primary care services in rural areas. They identified that there were deficits in the availability of utilities and the adequacy of facilities.
Conclusion: This research contributes to understanding the barriers to the provision of primary care in developing countries and in particular. The current inadequacy of facility buildings and inadequacy of clean water supply are issues for health workers in meeting the technical requirements of the standards as set out in the National Guidelines on reproductive health, and lead to safety concerns for the quality of maternal health services provided in commune health centres and District Health Centres.
Abbreviations: CHC – Commune Health Centres; DHC – District Health Centre; HW – Health Worker.
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Patiroi, Andi. "Kajian Aspek Keselamatan Jalan Terhadap Jalan Daerah Kabupaten Tana Toraja Untuk Mendukung Kegiatan Ekonomi Dan Pariwisata." Jurnal Keselamatan Transportasi Jalan (Indonesian Journal of Road Safety) 9, no. 1 (June 1, 2022): 40–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.46447/ktj.v9i1.429.
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Infrastructure development play important role in order to develope the tourism sector. Tana Toraja is a potential region to be developed on tourism sector. One of the problem is insufficient of road infrastructure for both connectivity and accesbility issues. This study aimed to give recommendations of road safety as to be technical consideration for Directorate General Highways to budgeting State Budget (APBN) in regional road in tana Toraja. This study was conducted on 5 link of regional roads that were considered as the potential to support the tourism sector. Qualitative approach is used as methodology trough data collection and information for analysis. The results show that all of the road link observed has geometric problems (i.e substandard road) and potential to cause accidents, such as road grade more than 10%, width of lane less than 3 meters, inadequate road shoulders, small radius of curve, and hazard objects on the side of the road side. Recommendations to fullfillment road standards must be applied for both the design stage and construction stage.
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Nolan, Peter. "State, Market and Infrastructure: The New Silk Road." Croatian International Relations Review 23, no. 78 (August 1, 2017): 7–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/cirr-2017-0004.
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Abstract Infrastructure development, including transport, energy, buildings, electricity, telecommunications, water and sewage, as well as health and education, have been crucially important for China’s growth as well as for Chinese people’s welfare. China’s role in infrastructure development has the potential to contribute positively to growth and welfare in the countries along the Silk Road.
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Vaiana, Rosolino, Giusi Perri, Teresa Iuele, and Vincenzo Gallelli. "A Comprehensive Approach Combining Regulatory Procedures and Accident Data Analysis for Road Safety Management Based on the European Directive 2019/1936/EC." Safety 7, no. 1 (January 18, 2021): 6. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/safety7010006.
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The European Union policy for road safety management is based on the European Directive 2019/1936/EC. Among the safety management procedures and strategies, road safety inspections (RSI) are an effective tool for preventing accident risk and reducing crash frequency and severity for existing road networks. The European Transport Safety Council encourages the extension of these measures to the main urban and rural roads by the 5th Road Safety Action Programme. In light of the above, in this study, a safety performance evaluation through the RSI approach is carried out for a high-risk rural road in Southern Italy in order to identify all the road infrastructure-related features with poor safety conditions. Afterwards, the relationship between infrastructure deficiencies and the frequency and severity of accidents is investigated; a significant relationship between accident density/total number of injured people and road markings gap is found. Furthermore, the results confirm that a high density of driveways strongly impacts crash frequency. The analysis of the contribution of multiple infrastructure-related variables on the crash occurrences is proposed by the identification of several mathematical models. A second-order AIC (Akaike’s information criterion) approach is carried out to compare the five fitted models investigated. Finally, a prediction calibrated model is proposed.
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Soini, Sirpa. "Finland on a Road towards a Modern Legal Biobanking Infrastructure." European Journal of Health Law 20, no. 3 (2013): 289–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15718093-12341278.
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Abstract Finland has enacted a Biobank Act that will come into force on 1 September 2013. Finland is regarded as a highly successful environment for medical research using population samples and data for many reasons. One of the rationales behind the new legislation was to solve the problems due to the overly strict informed consent doctrine hindering access to old samples and data and asking for multi-purpose consents. Yet although consent is the primary justification to use biobank samples and data, the Biobank Act allows asking for a consent for several unspecified future research purposes. The guiding principles of the Biobank Act are promotion of trust, equal access to data and samples, protection of privacy, acceleration of innovation activities, and bringing biobank activities under public scrutiny. To the author’s knowledge, this is the first “all purpose” Biobank Act in Europe applied to all biobanks in one country.
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Tiwari, Geetam. "Infrastructure designs and traffic safety: the road to vision zero." International Journal of Injury Control and Safety Promotion 25, no. 3 (July 3, 2018): 237–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17457300.2018.1486505.
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Gai, A. M., M. M. Sir, and R. R. Maulida. "Influence analysis of regional loans on basic infrastructure establishment to recover economy during the Covid-19 Pandemic in Sikka Regency, East Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1015, no. 1 (April 1, 2022): 012012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1015/1/012012.
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Abstract The decline at economic activities in Sikka Regency, resulted in a decrease in the regional income. Consequently, the Government needed additional funds to meet basic infrastructure needs obtained from the Regional Loans Program. This study aimed to examine the effects of Regional Loans on the growth of other sectors as a trickle-down effect that can restore the economy in Sikka Regency. This research employed qualitative and quantitative approaches. The secondary data were obtained from the Sikka Government. there were four types of health infrastructure, six types of clean water infrastructure activities, and five types of road and bridge constructions to be built in Sikka Regency. Regarding the sectors that affect the basic infrastructure there was one type of essential sector impacted, namely the financial and banking sector. Meanwhile, in the critical sector, five types of sectors were influenced, namely logistics and transportation, cement, construction, basic utilities (electricity and water), and basic daily needs. In the critical sector, road infrastructure contributed the highest percentage of influence of 55%, followed by clean water infrastructure of 23%, and health infrastructure of 14%. the socio-economic effects in health factor 0,03%, clean water 0,9%, and road infrastructures 2,65% of households.
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Toboso-Chavero, Susana, Cristina Madrid-López, Gara Villalba, Xavier Gabarrell Durany, Arne B. Hückstädt, Matthias Finkbeiner, and Annekatrin Lehmann. "Environmental and social life cycle assessment of growing media for urban rooftop farming." International Journal of Life Cycle Assessment 26, no. 10 (October 2021): 2085–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11367-021-01971-5.
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Abstract Purpose New environmental strategies are emerging for cities to become more self-sufficient, such as hydroponic crop production. The implementation of such systems requires materials that usually originate in countries with low labour costs and other legal regulations. To what extent could these strategies be shifting problems across the globe? To answer this question, we performed a comprehensive environmental and social assessment of the various extended soilless systems used to grow vegetables on urban roofs. Methods Three different growing media constituents were chosen for this study: perlite, peat and coir; which are produced in three countries, Turkey, Germany and the Philippines, respectively, and are imported to Spain. By using a life cycle assessment, we evaluated the environmental performances of the production and transport of these growing media. Additionally, we performed a social life cycle assessment at different levels. First, we used the Social Hotspots Database to analyse the constituents in aggregated sectors. Second, we performed a social assessment at the country and sector levels, and finally, we evaluated primary company data for the social assessment of the constituents through questionnaires given to businesses. Results and discussion The coir-based growing medium exerted the lowest environmental burden in 5 out of 8 impact categories because it is a by-product from coconut trees. In contrast, perlite obtained the highest environmental impacts, with impacts 44 to 99.9% higher than those of peat and coir, except in the land use. Perlite is a material extracted from open-pit mines that requires high energy consumption and a long road trip. Regarding the social assessment, peat demonstrated the best performance on all the social assessment levels. In contrast, coir showed the worst scores in the Social Hotspots Database and for the impact categories of community infrastructure and human rights, whereas perlite displayed the lowest performance in health and safety. Nevertheless, coir and perlite evidenced much better scores than peat in the impact subcategory of the contribution to economic development. Conclusions This study contributes to a first comparison of three imported growing media constituents for urban rooftop farming from environmental and social perspectives to choose the most suitable option. Peat appears to be the best alternative from a social perspective. However, from an environmental standpoint, peat represents a growing medium whose availability is aiming to disappear in Germany to preserve peatlands. Therefore, we identify a new market niche for the development of local growing media for future rooftop farming in cities.
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Flahaut, Benoı̂t. "Impact of infrastructure and local environment on road unsafety." Accident Analysis & Prevention 36, no. 6 (November 2004): 1055–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.aap.2003.12.003.
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Djanggo, Romualdus Turu Putra Maro. "SOCIAL OVERHEAD CAPITAL DAN KESEJAHTERAAN MASYARAKAT DI WILAYAH PENGEMBANGAN PROVINSI PAPUA BAGIAN SELATAN." Musamus Journal of Economics Development 1, no. 1 (March 11, 2019): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.35724/feb.v1i1.1226.
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Social Overhead Capital and Society Prosperity in Development Region of South Part of Papua Province.
This Research aim to explain the development of road infrastructure, air and sea transportation infrastructure, economic infrastructure, agriculture infrastructure, education infrastructure, and health infrastructure which have shown the vary pictures to improve society prosperity and economic growth.
This research use quantitative approach within descriptive analysis method. The analysed data is the secondary of time series data by the year 2005-2014. The source of seconcary data is the infrastructure development data within their indicators in BPS of four regency of Papua Province.
Result of research indicate that road infrastructure, air and sea transportation infrastructure, agriculture infrastructure with irrigation channel indicator, economic infrastructure within traditional market indicator, and education infrastructure have shown positive effect to society prosperity, but do not show the positive effect to economics growth. Health infrastructure have shown the positive effect to society prosperity. Economic growth do not show the positive effect to society prosperity.
Keywords: social overhead capital, infrastructure, society prosperity
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Rehak, David, Michal Radimsky, Martin Hromada, and Zdenek Dvorak. "Dynamic Impact Modeling as a Road Transport Crisis Management Support Tool." Administrative Sciences 9, no. 2 (March 28, 2019): 29. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/admsci9020029.
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Crisis management must provide data to allow for real-time decision-making. Accurate data is especially needed to minimize the risk of critical infrastructure failure. Research into the possible impacts of critical infrastructure failure is a part of developing a functional and secure infrastructure for each nation state. Road transport is one such sector that has a significant impact on its functions. When this fails, there may be a cascading spread of impacts on the energy, health, and other sectors. In this regard, this paper focuses on the dynamic modeling of the impacts of critical road infrastructure failures. It proposes a dynamic modeling system based on a stochastic approach. Its essence is the macroscopic model-based comparative analysis of a road with a critical element and detour roads. The outputs of this system are planning documents that determine the impacts of functional parameter degradation on detour roads—not only applicable in decision-making concerning the selection of the optimal detour road, but also as a support mechanism in minimising possible risks. In this article we aim to expand the extent of knowledge in the Crisis management and critical infrastructure protection in the road transport sector fields.
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Chigora, Farai, Tonderai Kapesa, and Paul Svongoro. "Revisiting nation branding: An infrastructure financing perspective in Zimbabwe." International Journal of Financial, Accounting, and Management 3, no. 2 (September 25, 2021): 179–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.35912/ijfam.v3i2.611.
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Abstract Purpose: This study aimed to reconfigure nation branding theories and concepts through infrastructure financing intervention. Research methodology: Data were collected using a QUAL to QUAN sequential mixed methods. Results: Qualitative research informed that the infrastructure that is required for nation branding to be road networks; airports; Information Communication Technologies (ICTs); reliable power supply; industrial facilities; tourism facilities; healthcare facilities; educational facilities; educational facilities; and residential accommodation. These were then classified into two, namely, economic and social infrastructure. Results from quantitative research showed that there is a positive relationship between nation branding and infrastructure financing. Also, it showed that road infrastructure and airports were the most related to nation branding with public-private partnerships and bilateral/multilateral loans to finance their development, respectively. Limitations: As a result of the COVID-19, the research did not manage to have some focus groups for a depth understanding and comprehensive response of the participants. Contribution: The results will help the Zimbabwean government consider developing the road networks and airports to enhance the nation’s brand.
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Polus, Abishai, Moshe A. Pollatschek, and Haneen Farah. "Impact of Infrastructure Characteristics on Road Crashes on Two-Lane Highways." Traffic Injury Prevention 6, no. 3 (September 2005): 240–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15389580590969210.
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Warsilan, Warsilan, and Akhmad Noor. "Peranan Infrastruktur terhadap Pertumbuhan Ekonomi dan Implikasi pada Kebijakan Pembangunan di Kota Samarinda." MIMBAR, Jurnal Sosial dan Pembangunan 31, no. 2 (December 29, 2015): 359. http://dx.doi.org/10.29313/mimbar.v31i2.1444.
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Infrastructure plays a role in economic growth. This study describes therelationship of economic growth and infrastructure, analyze the impact of infrastructure oneconomic growth and analyze the policy implications of road construction in the Samarindacity. The results obtained show that the health center infrastructure, clean water androads have a positive and significant impact on economic growth. Results showed that themethod AHP first priority goal is to increase employment by increasing the length targetpriority roads, the second priority boost economic growth with the addition of roads, andthe third priority of reducing poverty with the addition of road length.
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Vijayakumar, Ankitha, Muhammad Nateque Mahmood, Argaw Gurmu, Imriyas Kamardeen, and Shafiq Alam. "Social sustainability indicators for road infrastructure projects: A systematic literature review." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1101, no. 2 (November 1, 2022): 022039. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1101/2/022039.
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Abstract Australia’s population is predicted to grow to 31.4 million by 2034, according to Infrastructure Australia Audit 2019, resulting in additional demand for road infrastructure. Although road infrastructure projects have a significant positive impact at the regional level regarding reduced travel time, improved accessibility, and amenities, they may also have negative social impacts at the local level. However, road infrastructure projects are often seen as key drivers of economic development. Social aspects are generally less considered in the decision-making process of the project lifecycle. The existing sustainability assessment models focus on economic and environmental aspects and lack social considerations. To bridge the gap, this paper aims to examine the existing literature on social sustainability in the construction industry and identify the social aspects and relevant indicators to be considered in assessing the social sustainability performance of road infrastructure projects. Through systematic literature review, using Scopus, Web of Science, EBSCO and google search databases from an initial set of 1178 journals, conference papers, books, book chapters and other relevant industry reports, 80 articles related to social sustainability in the construction industry were selected for the study. Based on the analysis, nine social sustainability criteria such as quality of life, equity, employment, health and safety, stakeholder participation, culture and heritage, compensation strategies, governance, macro-social activities and 78 respective indicators were identified. The findings of this study may assist policymakers and industry practitioners in developing comprehensive assessment models for benchmarking social sustainability in Australian road infrastructure projects.
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Cahyanti, Theresia Widi Asih, Achmad Munawar, and Bambang Riyanto. "Correlation of the Increase in the Transportation Infrastructure Development Budget with a production surplus." E3S Web of Conferences 328 (2021): 10019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202132810019.
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In this study, identify the function of the road construction budget for transportation infrastructure can trigger an increase the output surplus of production was done. The increase in the road development budget is calculated using the growth factor method of the road construction budget combined with the length of the road. The production surplus is calculated based on the productivity of the commodity compared to the commodity needs of the population in the regency. The research method used excel software. The object under study is the surplus of commodity production taken and processed based on data from the Central Bureau of Statistics for last 10 years. Meanwhile, the road construction budget data were obtained related agencies for the last 5 years. The expected result in this research is to obtain a correlation between the road construction budget and the production surplus.
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Panama, Herlina, Idah Zuhroh, and Ida Nuraini. "PENGARUH INFRASTRUKTUR PEMBANGUNAN TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN EKONOMI JAWA TIMUR." Jurnal Ilmu Ekonomi JIE 3, no. 3 (July 20, 2019): 410–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.22219/jie.v3i3.9545.
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This study aims to determine the effect of Infrastructure for Road, Electricity, Water, Education, and Health Development on the economic growth of the study of the North-South Corridor of East Java Province in 2010-2017. The data used in this study is to use secondary data taken from 2010-2017. This study uses a multiple linear regression tool using panel data method by testing hypotheses such as F test, t test, and Determination Coefficient R2. Based on the results of the study, it shows that Water, Electricity and Education Development Infrastructure has an effect on economic growth in the North-South Corridor Area of East Java while Road and Health Infrastructure does not affect Economic Growth in the North Corridor- South East Java Province. Water infrastructure has a positive and significant effect on economic growth. Electricity infrastructure has a positive and significant effect on economic growth. Educational infrastructure has a positive and significant effect on economic growth. Health Infrastructure has a negative and significant effect on economic growth. Based on the results of this study, it is necessary to have policies that can encourage infrastructure to help increase economic growth.
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Nurmaningsih, Dyah Ratri, Shinfi Wazna Auvaria, and Widya Nilandita. "Analisis Kebisingan Kawasan Permukiman di Sepanjang Frontage Road A. Yani Surabaya." Al-Ard: Jurnal Teknik Lingkungan 5, no. 1 (December 18, 2019): 17–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.29080/alard.v5i1.739.
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Surabaya city is one of the cities in Indonesia which has the most advanced development in various fields, such as economy, education and transportation. Rapid city development has positive and negative impacts. Positive impact such as high technology from various infrastructures for transportation, health, education, entertainment and others that support the daily activities of Surabaya people. The negative impact is the declining quality of the environment, which can cause health problems and community discomfort. The research method uses quantitative descriptive methods. This study analyzes the noise caused by traffic that occurs in residential areas along the frontage road A.Yani Surabaya (Menanggal I, Jemur Gayungan I and Jemur Wonosari Masjid Alley). Noise level values was measured using sound level meter and analyzed using a statistical formula. The results showed the value of the noise level in daytime activity (LS) in Menanggal I settlement was 79.96 dB (A), Jemur Gayungan I settlement was 80.28 dB (A) and Jemur Wonosari Mosque mosque settlement was 78.44 dB ( A), and have exceeded the quality standard. Noise control can be done with vegetation barriers at noise sources, settlements and along the frontage road. Reduction of noise level can be done by replacement of wall materials with glass or a combination of glass and brick, as well as a combination design in the interior of the room by adding gypsum board material to the ceiling and room dividers.
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Shanatibieke, Mayinu. "The Road to Modernisation." Inner Asia 18, no. 1 (May 5, 2016): 135–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22105018-12340057.
Full textAbstract:
In China, the pastoralism debate has always been closely connected to discourses of modernisation (xiandaihua) and development (fazhan). In recent years, sedentarisation has been intensely promoted by the central government as a way to modernise pastoralists. Sedentarisation is seen by the government as a means to urbanise pastoralists and improve their access to health facilities and educational institutions. Sedentarisation is also promoted as a way of protecting degraded rangeland ecology. However, recent sedentarisation policies have so far had ambiguous effects. While infrastructure in pastoral areas has to a certain degree improved, the policy has also created new socio-economic problems.
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Chen, Jing, Cong Zhao, Shengchuan Jiang, Xinyuan Zhang, Zhongxin Li, and Yuchuan Du. "Safe, Efficient, and Comfortable Autonomous Driving Based on Cooperative Vehicle Infrastructure System." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 20, no. 1 (January 3, 2023): 893. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20010893.
Full textAbstract:
Traffic crashes, heavy congestion, and discomfort often occur on rough pavements due to human drivers’ imperfect decision-making for vehicle control. Autonomous vehicles (AVs) will flood onto urban roads to replace human drivers and improve driving performance in the near future. With the development of the cooperative vehicle infrastructure system (CVIS), multi-source road and traffic information can be collected by onboard or roadside sensors and integrated into a cloud. The information is updated and used for decision-making in real-time. This study proposes an intelligent speed control approach for AVs in CVISs using deep reinforcement learning (DRL) to improve safety, efficiency, and ride comfort. First, the irregular and fluctuating road profiles of rough pavements are represented by maximum comfortable speeds on segments via vertical comfort evaluation. A DRL-based speed control model is then designed to learn safe, efficient, and comfortable car-following behavior based on road and traffic information. Specifically, the model is trained and tested in a stochastic environment using data sampled from 1341 car-following events collected in California and 110 rough pavements detected in Shanghai. The experimental results show that the DRL-based speed control model can improve computational efficiency, driving efficiency, longitudinal comfort, and vertical comfort in cars by 93.47%, 26.99%, 58.33%, and 6.05%, respectively, compared to a model predictive control-based adaptive cruise control. The results indicate that the proposed intelligent speed control approach for AVs is effective on rough pavements and has excellent potential for practical application.
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Aldona, Yurike, Wiwin Priana Primandhana, and Muhammad Wahed. "Analisis Pengaruh Infrastruktur Listrik, Jalan Dan Kesehatan Terhadap Produk Domestik Regional Bruto Di Kabupaten Sidoarjo." Eksis: Jurnal Ilmiah Ekonomi dan Bisnis 12, no. 1 (June 1, 2021): 54. http://dx.doi.org/10.33087/eksis.v12i1.223.
Full textAbstract:
Gross Regional Domestic Product (GDP) is one of the economic indicators according to various economic instruments in which clearly visible macro-economic conditions of a region. Infrastructure is the most primary public infrastructure in supporting a country's economic activities, and the availability of infrastructure greatly determines the level of efficiency and effectiveness of economic activities. This study aims to analyze how much electricity, road, and health infrastructure affects gross regional domestic product in Sidoarjo Regency. This research covers the area of Sidoarjo Regency. This study uses secondary data obtained from the Central Statistics Agency with a period of 15 years from 2005-2019. The analysis technique used is Multiple Linear Regression Analysis with Ordinary Least Square (OLS) model using computer tools SPSS program (Statistic Program For Social Science) Version 13.0 that shows the influence between free variables and bound variables. The end result is that electricity infrastructure variables have a positive and significant influence on gross regional domestic product in Sidoarjo Regency. Variable road infrastructure and health infrastructure have a positive but insignificant influence on gross regional domestic product in Sidoarjo Regency.