Academic literature on the topic 'Maternal dietary crude protein'
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Journal articles on the topic "Maternal dietary crude protein"
Pine, A. P., N. S. Jessop, G. F. Allan, and J. D. Oldham. "Maternal protein reserves and their influence on lactational performance in rats 4. Tissue protein synthesis and turnover associated with mobilization of maternal protein." British Journal of Nutrition 72, no. 6 (December 1994): 831–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/bjn19940088.
Full textForsido, Sirawdink Fikreyesus, Frehiwot Tadesse, Tefera Belachew, and Oliver Hensel. "Maternal dietary practices, dietary diversity, and nutrient composition of diets of lactating mothers in Jimma Zone, Southwest Ethiopia." PLOS ONE 16, no. 7 (July 12, 2021): e0254259. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0254259.
Full textBell, Alan W., Winfield S. Burhans, and Thomas R. Overton. "Protein nutrition in late pregnancy, maternal protein reserves and lactation performance in dairy cows." Proceedings of the Nutrition Society 59, no. 1 (February 2000): 119–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0029665100000148.
Full textKroeske, Kikianne, Ester Arévalo Sureda, Julie Uerlings, Dieter Deforce, Filip Van Nieuwerburgh, Marc Heyndrickx, Sam Millet, Nadia Everaert, and Martine Schroyen. "The Impact of Maternal and Piglet Low Protein Diet and Their Interaction on the Porcine Liver Transcriptome around the Time of Weaning." Veterinary Sciences 8, no. 10 (October 14, 2021): 233. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/vetsci8100233.
Full textYang, Min, Lun Hua, Zhengyu Mao, Yan Lin, Shengyu Xu, Jian Li, Xuemei Jiang, De Wu, Yong Zhuo, and Jiankui Huang. "Effects of Dietary Fiber, Crude Protein Level, and Gestation Stage on the Nitrogen Utilization of Multiparous Gestating Sows." Animals 12, no. 12 (June 14, 2022): 1543. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani12121543.
Full textHoudijk, Jos G. M., Neil S. Jessop, David P. Knox, and Ilias Kyriazakis. "Secondary infection ofNippostrongylus brasiliensisin lactating rats is sensitive to dietary protein content." British Journal of Nutrition 93, no. 4 (April 2005): 493–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/bjn20041391.
Full textPine, A. P., N. S. Jessop, and J. D. Oldham. "Maternal protein reserves and their influence on lactational performance in rats 3. The effects of dietary protein restriction and stage of lactation on milk composition." British Journal of Nutrition 72, no. 6 (December 1994): 815–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/bjn19940087.
Full textMullins, D. E., C. B. Keil, and R. H. White. "Maternal and paternal nitrogen investment in Blattella germanica (L.) (Dictyoptera; Blattellidae)." Journal of Experimental Biology 162, no. 1 (January 1, 1992): 55–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/jeb.162.1.55.
Full textDudele, A., S. Lund, N. Jessen, G. Wegener, G. Winther, J. Elnif, S. Frische, T. Wang, and D. Mayntz. "Maternal protein restriction before pregnancy reduces offspring early body mass and affects glucose metabolism in C57BL/6JBom mice." Journal of Developmental Origins of Health and Disease 3, no. 5 (May 21, 2012): 364–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s2040174412000347.
Full textAdeyemo, Adedayo Akinade, Olusola Joshua Odutayo, Adeola Justina Adeyemo, Olajide Ayorinde Adeyemi, Olajide Mark Sogunle, and Adeyemi Mustapha Bamgbose. "Impact of maternal feed rationing during pregnancy on meat quality attributes of rabbit offspring." Agricultura Tropica et Subtropica 55, no. 1 (January 1, 2022): 92–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/ats-2022-0011.
Full textDissertations / Theses on the topic "Maternal dietary crude protein"
Lehman, Regina N. Moran Edwin T. "The effect of gelatin and dietary crude protein level on broilers vaccinated for coccidiosis." Auburn, Ala, 2008. http://repo.lib.auburn.edu/EtdRoot/2008/SUMMER/Poultry_Science/Thesis/Lehman_Regina_58.pdf.
Full textViana, Gabriel da Silva. "Responses to reduction on dietary crude protein and suppementation of non-essential nitrogen; dietary essential to no-essential nitrogen optimum ratio for white commercial." Universidade Federal de Viçosa, 2017. http://www.locus.ufv.br/handle/123456789/12401.
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Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico
Foram conduzidos dois ensaios experimentais com objetivo de avaliar o efeito da redução da proteína bruta em dietas, suplementadas ou não com nitrogênio não essencial (experimento I), e de diferentes relações dietéticas de nitrogênio essencial:nitrogênio não essencial (experimento II) para poedeiras leves. Em ambos ensaios, o período experimental teve duração de 112 dias, sendo subdividido em 4 períodos de coleta de dados de 28 dias cada. No experimento I, 240 galinhas poedeiras Hy-Line W-36 aletoriamente distribuídas a 40 unidades experimentais, divididas em cinco grupos de tratamentos com 48 aves cada. Os tratamentos consistiram de 3 rações com os níveis de proteína bruta de 170.0, 150.0 e 130.0g de proteína/kg de dieta com as relações nitrogênio essencial:nitrogênio não essencial de 37/63, 42/58 e 47/53, respectivamente. Adicionalmente, as duas rações contendo os níveis de proteína bruta de 150.0 e 130.0g de proteína/kg de dieta, foram suplementadas com 37.60 e 60.80g de ácido glutâmico/kg de dieta, respectivamente, com objetivo de igualar a relação nitrogênio essencial:nitrogênio não essencial da dieta de maior nível proteico (37/63). A redução dietética da proteína bruta de 170.0g/kg para 150.0g/kg resultou na redução do peso e massa de ovos, enquanto a redução para 130.0g/kg além de acarretar piora das variáveis antes descritas, também piorou a conversão alimentar por massa de ovos, reduziu o consumo de ração e o peso de albumen. Não observou-se diferenças no desempenho e qualidade de ovos de aves alimentadas com dietas em que o conteúdo de proteína foi reduzido. A suplementação de ácido glutâmico em dietas contendo 150.0g de proteína/kg promoveu mesmo desempenho das aves alimentadas com 170.g de proteína/kg, enquanto em dietas contendo 130.0g de proteína/kg a inclusão de ácido glutâmico resultou nas piores médias de desempenho e qualidade de ovos em comparação aos demais tratamentos. Os resultados demonstram que o déficit de nitrogênio não essencial resulta em piora no desempenho de galinhas poedeiras e revela potencial de utilização de ácido glutâmico como fonte de nitrogênio não essencial, desde que utilizado em baixas concentrações. No experimento II, 360 galinhas Hy-Line W-36 foram distribuídas em seis tratamentos, com dez repetições e seis aves por unidade experimental. Os tratamentos foram obtidos a partir da suplementação gradativa da mistura de L-alanina, L-glicina e ácido glutâmico (proporção 60%/20%/20%) em uma dieta basal com reduzida proteína bruta e relação nitrogênio essencial:nitrogênio não essencial de 55/45 com objetivo de produzir as relações entre nitrogênios de 55/45, 52/48, 48/52, 44/56 e 41/59. Uma sexta dieta com maior teor de proteína bruta, denominada grupo controle, foi formulada com relação nitrogênio essencial:nitrogênio total de 41/59. As relações de 55/45 e 52/48 resultaram em menor peso de ovo e pior conversão alimentar por massa de ovos em comparação ao grupo controle. Observou-se redução nos valores de massa de ovos somente no grupo de aves alimentado com a relação de 55/45. Baseado nos resultados, recomenda-se que a relação dietética de nitrogênio essencial:nitrogênio não essencial para poedeiras leves não ultrapasse o valor de 48/52
Two trials were performed in order to evaluate laying hen responses to reduction on dietary crude protein supply and non-essential nitrogen supplementation (Experiment I) and to determine the essential to non-essential nitrogen ratio, which warrants optimum performance, and egg quality of laying hens (Experiment II). Both trials lasted 112 days, being divided in four 28-day intervals. In experiment I, a total of 240 Hy-Line W-36 laying hens were randomly assigned to 5 treatments, eight replicates with six hens each. The treatments consisted diets containing 170g (control diet), 150 and 130g crude protein/kg, which corresponded to the essential nitrogen to non-essential nitrogen ratios of 37/63, 42/58 and 47/53, respectively. The other two treatments consisted of the same diets containing 150 and 130g crude protein/kg, but supplemented with 37.60 and 79.15g glutamic acid/kg respectively in replacement to cornstarch to equal the essential nitrogen to non-essential nitrogen ratio in control diet (37/63). Reduction on dietary crude protein by 20g/kg elicited a decrease in egg weight and egg mass, whereas the reduction on dietary crude protein by 40g/kg decreased feed intake, egg weight, egg mass and albumen weight, beyond worsening feed conversion ratio per kilogram of eggs. Layers fed diets with 150 and 130g crude protein/kg had similar performance and egg quality. Glutamic acid-added diets with 150g crude protein/kg maintained similar layer performance and egg quality to that observed in layers fed control diet. However, when added to diets with 130g crude protein/kg, glutamic acid impaired layer performance and egg quality, leading to the lowest means for variables assessed herein when compared with all treatments. Based on results, the lack of non-essential nitrogen compromises layer productivity and glutamic acid may be considered as a potential source of non-essential nitrogen when added in low concentration to low-protein diets. In experiment II, 360 Hy-Line W-36 laying hens were randomly assigned to 5 treatments, eight replicates with six hens each. Experimental diets were obtained through the graded supplementation of a mixture of L- alanine, L-glycine and glutamic acid, at the proportion of 60%,20% and 20% respectively, in a low protein diet with the essential nitrogen to non-essential nitrogen ratio of 55/45. Four more diets with the ratios of 52/48, 48/52, 44/46 and 41/59 were produced from the aforementioned low-protein diet. Additionally, a diet with a higher crude protein content was formulated to contain the essential nitrogen to non-essential nitrogen ratio of 41/59. Layers given dietary essential to non-essential nitrogen ratios of 55/45 and 52/48 had lower egg weight and worsen feed conversion ratio per kilogram of eggs compared with layers fed control diet. Egg mass was impaired only when essential to non-essential nitrogen ratios reached the 55/45. Egg quality was unaffected by dietary treatments. Based on results, the dietary essential to non-essential nitrogen ratio for laying hens must not reach 48/52
O título contido no resumo em inglês não confere com a ficha catalográfica
Tebbe, Alexander W. "Effects of Dietary Protein and Amino Acids and Their Labile Stores in Dairy Cows." The Ohio State University, 2020. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1594142379004042.
Full textVan, Niekerk Natasha. "The interaction between dietary crude protein and amino acid levels in weaner pigs in an antibiotic-free environment with or without Bacillus amyloliquefaciens supplementation." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/75060.
Full textDissertation (MSc)--University of Pretoria, 2020.
Evonik Nutrition & Care GmbH
Animal and Wildlife Sciences
MSc (Agric) Animal Nutrition
Unrestricted
Silva, Leandro Diego da. "Evaluation of silage crop and dietary crude protein levels for beef cattle and selection of Lactobacillus buchneri from corn silage for use as inoculant." Universidade Federal de Viçosa, 2016. http://www.locus.ufv.br/handle/123456789/9208.
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Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de Minas Gerais
Capítulo 1 - Foram conduzidos dois experimentos para avaliar os efeitos de tipo silagem e níveis de proteína bruta (PB) na dieta de bovinos Nelore. As dietas experimentais foram constituídas por silagem de Stylosanthes (SSt) ou silagem de milho (SM) com dois níveis de PB, 110 e 130 g PB/kg de dieta na matéria seca (MS). A relação volumoso: concentrado foi de 50:50 com base na MS. No Experimento 1, foram utilizados quatro bovinos com média de peso corporal inicial de 450 ± 37,9 kg, canulados no rúmen e abomaso. Os animais foram distribuídos em um quadrado latino 4 × 4, em esquema fatorial 2 × 2, com quatro períodos de 16 dias. Neste experimento, foram coletadas amostras de líquido ruminal, digesta abomasal, fezes, urina e sangue. Além disso, foram estimados os parâmetros cinéticos de degradação da MS, PB e fibra em detergente neutro (FDN). No Experimento 2, 40 bovinos com média de peso corporal inicial de 374 ± 16,5 kg, distribuídos em um delineamento inteiramente casualizado, em esquema fatorial 2 × 2, com dez repetições. O experimento teve duração de 99 dias, dividido em um período inicial de 15 dias de adaptação e um período de 84 dias de coleta de dados. No Experimento 2, foram avaliados o consumo, a digestibilidade dos nutrientes e o desempenho dos animais. As frações potencialmente degradáveis da MS, PB e FDN da SSt foram inferiores em relação a SM (P<0,004). As dietas contendo SSt apresentaram menor digestibilidade ruminal da matéria orgânica (MO) e menor digestibilidade total da MO, PB e FDN em comparação com as dietas contendo SM (P<0,050). As dietas contendo SSt apresentaram valores mais elevados de pH ruminal em comparação com dietas contendo SM (P=0,010). A concentração ruminal de N-NH 3 foi mais elevada para o nível de 130 g PB/kg de dieta, em comparação com 110 g PB/ kg de dieta (P<0,001). Os níveis de PB das dietas afetaram o nitrogênio ureico no sangue (P<0,001) e na urina (P=0,017), e em ambas as dietas contendo SSt e SM foram superiores para o nível de 130 g de PB/kg de dieta. As dietas contendo SSt apresentaram maior consumo de MS, MO, PB, FDN e fibra em detergente neutro indigestível (FDNi) em comparação dietas contendo SM (P<0,008). No entanto, a quantidade de nutrientes digeridos (kg/dia) foi semelhante entre os tratamentos (P>0,050). O tipo de silagem e nível de PB na dieta não apresentaram efeito sobre o desempenho produtivo (P>0,050), porém as dietas contendo SSt tenderam a diminuir a eficiência alimentar (P=0,085). Contudo, a SSt e o nível de 110 g PB/kg de dieta podem ser utilizados para alimentação na terminação de bovinos confinados. Capítulo 2 - Foram isoladas cento e cinquenta e uma cepas de bactérias do acido lático (BAL) da silagem de planta inteira de milho. As identificações foram baseadas na análise da sequência de rDNA 16S. As espécies predominantes foram Lactobacillus plantarum 53,0%, Pediococcus pentosaceus 11,9%, Lactobacillus buchneri 9,9%, Lactobacillus pentosus 5,3%, Weissella cibaria 4,6%, e Lactobacillus brevis 4,0%. As estirpes de Lactobacillus buchneri foram predominantes no dia 56 de ensilagem. Oito estirpes de L. buchneri foram pré-selecionadas de um total de 15 estirpes com base na taxa de crescimento e na produção de metabólitos. As estirpes selecionadas foram avaliadas na fermentação e estabilidade aeróbia de silagens de milho e cana-de-açúcar. Não houve melhoria no teor de MS, população de mofo e leveduras, perdas de MS e estabilidade aeróbia da silagem de milho (P>0,050) inoculadas com as estirpes 56.22, 56.27, 56.28, e 56.29. Enquanto as estirpes 56.1, 56.4 e a comercial 40788, quando inoculadas em silagem de cana-de-açúcar, apresentaram os maiores teores de MS e menores de perda de MS em comparação com a silagem contole (P<0,050). A estirpe comercial apresentou a menor população de mofos e leveduras após 90 dias de ensilagem (P = 0,024). No entanto, a estabilidade aeróbia não foi afetada. Após a exposição ao ar, todas as silagens deterioram e apresentaram elevada população de mofos e leveduras. A pré- seleção de estirpes de L. buchneri com base na produção de ácido acético apresentou os melhores resultados no processo de ensilagem. Assim, as estirpes 56.1 e 56.4 são promissoras para utilização como inoculante para silagem de cana-de-açúcar.
Chapter 1 - Two trials were conducted to evaluate the effects of silage crop and levels of dietary crude protein (CP) in Nellore beef cattle. The experimental diets consisted of Stylosanthes (StS) or corn silage (CS) with two levels of dietary CP, 110 and 130 g CP/kg diet on dry matter (DM) basis. The forage to concentrate ratio was 50:50 on a DM basis. In Experiment 1, four bulls were used, with an average initial body weight (BW) of 450 ± 37.9 kg, surgically cannulated in the rumen and abomasum. The bulls were assigned to a 4 × 4 Latin square with a 2 × 2 factorial design of treatments, and four 16-day periods. In this experiment, we collected ruminal fluid, abomasal digesta, feces, urine, and blood. In addition, the kinetic parameters of DM, CP and neutral detergent fiber (NDF) degradation were estimated. In Experiment 2, 40 bulls with an average initial BW of 374 ± 16.5 kg were distributed into a 2 × 2 factorial in a randomized design with ten replicates. The trial lasted 99 days and was divided into a 15-day period for adaptation and an 84-day period for data collection. The intake and digestibility of nutrients, as well as animal performance were evaluated in Experiment 2. The potentially degradable fractions of DM, CP, and NDF of StS were lower than CS (P<0.004). The diets containing StS showed lower ruminal digestibility of organic matter (OM) and lower total digestibility of OM, CP, and NDF than diets containing CS (P<0.050). The StS-based diets showed higher values for ruminal pH in comparison with CS-based diets (P=0.010). The ruminal NH 3 -N concentration was higher for the level of 130 g CP/kg diet in comparison with 110 g CP/kg diet (P<0.001). The dietary CP level affected urea nitrogen in blood (P<0.001) and urine (P=0.017), which in the diets containing StS and CS were higher at the level of 130 g CP/kg diet. The diets containing StS showed higher intake of DM, OM, CP, NDF, and indigestible neutral detergent fiber (iNDF) than diets containing CS (P<0.008). However, the amount of digested nutrients (kg/d) was similar between treatments (P>0.050). The silage crop and dietary CP levels had no effect on productive performance (P>0.050), but the StS-based diet tended to decrease feed efficiency (P=0.085). Thus, StS, as well as the level of 110 g CP/kg diet, can be used to feed finishing beef cattle. Chapter 2 - One hundred and fifty-one LAB strains were isolated from whole-plant corn silage in tropical weather. Their identifications were based on sequence analysis of 16S rDNA. The predominant species were Lactobacillus plantarum 53.0%, Pediococcus pentosaceus 11.9%, Lactobacillus buchneri 9.9%, Lactobacillus pentosus 5.3%, Weissella cibaria 4.6%, and Lactobacillus brevis 4.0%. Lactobacillus buchneri strains were predominant at day 56 of ensiling. Eight L. buchneri strains from a total of 15 were preselected, based on growth rate and metabolites production. The strains selected were evaluated on fermentation and aerobic stability of corn and sugarcane silages, four strains in each crop. There was no improvement of the inoculation with the strains 56.22, 56.27, 56.28, and 56.29 on the DM content, yeast and molds population, DM losses, and aerobic stability of corn silage (P > 0.050). Inoculated silages had lower concentration of acetic acid and higher ethanol in comparison with the control silage (P < 0.050). While the strains 56.1, 56.4, and 40788 showed highest DM content, and lowest DM losses when applied in sugarcane silage. At day 90 of ensiling, the commercial strain showed lowest population of yeasts and molds in sugarcane silage. However, the aerobic stability was not affected. After air exposure, all silages deteriorate and had high population of yeast and molds. Preselection of L. buchneri strains based on acetic acid production showed the best results on silage fermentation. Thus, the strains 56.1 and 56.4 are promising for use as an inoculant in sugarcane silages.
Menezes, Ana Clara Baião. "Use of 15 N to estimate microbial contamination and protein degradation of concentrate feeds and the effect of decreasing dietary crude protein on methane emission and nitrogen losses in Nellore bulls." Universidade Federal de Viçosa, 2016. http://www.locus.ufv.br/handle/123456789/7955.
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Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico
Este trabalho foi desenvolvido baseado em 2 experimentos conduzidos no confinamento experimental do laboratório animal do Departamento de Zootecnia da Universidade Federal de Viçosa, e os resultados são mostrados em dois capítulos. O objetivo do primeiro experimento foi utilizar o 15 N para estimar a contaminação microbiana (CM) das seguintes frações da proteína bruta (PB): fração solúvel (a), insolúvel potencialmente degradável (b) e a taxa de digestão da fração b (kd). Assim como determinar os tempos de incubação necessários para estimar a proteína degradável no rúmen (PDR) de concentrados energéticos e proteicos, considerando duas taxas de passagem (0,05 h -1 e 0,08 h -1 ). Doze alimentos foram avaliados, sendo seis concentrados energéticos (farelo de trigo, farelo de arroz, fubá de milho, sorgo moído, milho desintegrado com palha e sabugo e casca de soja) e seis concentrados proteicos (farelo de algodão 38% PB, farelo de soja, feijão moído, farelo de amendoim, farelo de girassol e farelo de glúten de milho). Os alimentos foram divididos e quatro grupos e incubados no rúmen de quatro touros fistulados. Os alimentos foram incubados por 0, 2, 4, 8, 16, 24, 48 e 72 horas. Para determinar a CM dos resíduos incubados, as bactérias ruminais foram marcadas com 15 N através de infusões ruminais contínuas de 15 (NH 4 ) 2 SO 4 . Digesta ruminal foi coletada para isolamento de bactéria antes da primeira infusão de 15 N, durante o período de adaptação, e após a infusão de 15 N nos períodos de coleta. Não foi observada diferença (P > 0,05) nos parâmetros a, b e kd corrigidos e sem correção para todos os alimentos avaliados. Todos os alimentos seguiram um modelo exponencial de degradação, exceto o glúten de milho. Provavelmente porque o tempo máximo de incubação utilizado (72 horas) não foi longo o suficiente para permitir uma estimativa acurada do perfil de degradação. A análise cluster (R2 = 0.944) permitiu agrupar os alimentos em três diferentes grupos de acordo com o tempo necessário parra estimar a PDR. O primeiro grupo foi formado por concentrados energéticos com alto teor de amido (15.4 ± 0.46 h), o segundo por concentrados energéticos com baixo teor de amido (6.8 ± 0.60 h) e o terceiro por concentrados proteicos (9.9 ± 0.41), considerando taxa de passagem de 0,05 h -1 . Como conclusão, a contaminação microbiana foi baixa e não significativa, assim a correção da degradação proteica torna-se irrelevante para os concentrados utilizados neste estudo. No entanto a composição química dos alimentos resultou em diferentes tempos de incubação para estimar o conteúdo de PDR, e isto precisa ser levado em consideração nas técnicas utilizadas para estimar a digestibilidade ruminal e intestinal da PB. O objetivo do segundo experimento foi avaliar se a redução nos níveis de proteína bruta (PB) da dieta afeta o desempenho animal, exigências de energia e proteína, perdas nitrogenadas e emissão de metano entérico em machos Nelore não castrados na fase de terminação. Vinte e seis animais com idade média de 20 ± 1 mês e peso corporal inicial de 296 ± 8,1 kg foram utilizados neste experimento. Quatro animais foram designados ao grupo referência, sendo abatidos ao início do experimento. Quatro animais foram alimentados a nível de mantença, enquanto dezoito animais foram divididos em três grupos (n = 6 em cada grupo), e foram aleatoriamente designados a tratamentos consistindo de três níveis de PB na dieta: 10, 12 e 14% de PB. Ao final do experimento todos os animais foram abatidos para determinação de sua composição química corporal, exigências de energia e proteína e características de carcaça. Foi observado efeito linear do nível de PB da dieta sobre o consumo e digestibilidade da PB, onde os maiores valores foram obtidos para animais alimentados com 14%PB. O metabolismo do nitrogênio foi afetado pelos níveis de PB, onde animais alimentados com 12 e 14 % PB tiveram maior excreção urinaria de N que aqueles alimentados com 10% PB. Não houve efeito do nível de PB dietético sobre retenção de N, desempenho animal e características de carcaça, e também não foi observado efeito do nível de PB da dieta sobre a eficiência microbiana e emissão de CH 4 . Este estudo mostrou que para bovinos em terminação o nível de PB da dieta não influencia a deposição muscular e a emissão de gases do efeito estufa. A redução do nível de PB das dietas não afetou o consumo de MS, desempenho e características de carcaça, sugerindo que o uso de 10% PB em dietas de terminação reduz o impacto ambiental devido a menor excreção urinária de N que dietas de 12 e 14% PB. Animais alimentados com 10, 12 e 14% de PB nas dietas tiveram emissões de 3.893, 3.755 e 4.255 g/d de equivalente CO 2 respectivamente e não foram observadas diferenças entre as dietas. Além disso a emissão de metano não foi afetada por níveis de PB da dieta variando entre 10 e 14%, sendo em média igual a 16,3 g/kg do consumo de MS. Este estudo mostrou que a redução do nível de PB da dieta não influenciou o desempenho animal e reduziu as perdas nitrogenadas nas fezes e urina sem afetar a emissão de metano. Porém é importante destacar que mais estudos são necessários para confirmar esses resultados.
This study was developed based on two experiments conducted on the feedlot and Animal Laboratory of Animal Science Department of Universidade Federal de Viçosa, and the results are shown in two chapters. The aim of the first study was to use 15 N to estimate the microbial contamination (MC) of crude protein (CP) fractions that were soluble (a) as well as insoluble but potentially degradable (b), and the digestion rate of fraction b (kd), as well as to determine the incubation time necessary to estimate the rumen degradable protein (RDP) of energy and protein feeds when considering two outflow rates (0.05 h -1 and 0.08 h -1 ). Twelve types of feeds were evaluated, with six energy concentrates: wheat bran, rice meal, ground corn, ground sorghum, ground corn cob, and soybean hulls; and six protein concentrates: cottonseed meal 38% CP, soybean meal, ground bean, peanut meal, sunflower meal, and corn gluten meal. The feeds were divided into 4 groups and were incubated in the rumens of 4 crossbred bulls. The feed samples were incubated for 0, 2, 4, 8, 16, 24, 48, and 72 h. To determine the MC of the incubated residues, ruminal bacteria were labeled with 15 N via continuous intraruminal infusion of 15 (NH 4 ) 2 SO 4 . Ruminal digesta were collected for the isolation of bacteria before the first infusion of 15 N during the acclimation period, and after the infusion of 15 N during the collection period. There was no difference (P > 0.05) in the parameters a, b, and kd, corrected and uncorrected, for all feeds that were evaluated. All of the feed tests followed an exponential model of degradation and the model fitted well to the data, except for corn gluten meal, probably because the maximum incubation time that was used (72 h) was not long enough to allow for an accurate estimation of the degradation profile. The cluster analysis (R2 = 0.944) allowed for the grouping of feeds into three different groups according to the necessary incubation time to estimate RDP. The first was formed by the high-starch energy concentrates (15.4 ± 0.46 h), the second by the low-starch energy concentrates (6.8 ± 0.60 h), and the third by the protein concentrates (9.9 ± 0.41) while considering a kp of 0.05h -1 . In conclusion, the microbial contamination was low and non-significant; therefore, correction of ruminal protein degradation is irrelevant with regards to the concentrate that was studied. However, the chemical composition of this feeds resulted in different incubation times to estimate RDP content, and this has to be taken into account in the techniques that are used to determine CP digestibility in the rumen and intestines. The aim of the second experiment was to evaluate whether a reduction in dietary crude protein (CP) content affects animal performance, energy and protein requirements, N losses, and enteric methane emission in finishing Nellore bulls. Twenty-six animals, with an average age of 20 ± 1.0 months and initial body weight (BW) of 296 ± 8.1 kg were used in this experiment. Four animals were used as baseline reference animals and were slaughtered at the beginning of the experiment. Four animals were fed at maintenance level (MAIN), whereas 18 bulls were divided into 3 groups (n = 6 in each group) and were randomly assigned to the treatments consisting of three levels of CP in the diets: 10, 12, and 14% of CP. At the end of the experiment, all animals were slaughtered to evaluate their chemical body composition, energy and protein requirements, and carcass characteristics. A linear effect was observed for dietary CP level on CP intake and digestibility, while greater values were obtained for animals that were fed 14% CP. Nitrogen metabolism was affected by CP levels, where animals that were fed 12 and 14% CP had greater urinary N losses than those that were fed 10% CP. There was no effect of CP level on retained N, animal performance, and carcass characteristics among diets, and there was no effect of CP level on microbial efficiency and CH 4 emissions. Thus, this study showed that for finishing bulls, the level of dietary CP did not interfere with muscle deposition and greenhouse gas emissions. The reduction of CP content in diets does not affect DM intake, animal performance, and carcass characteristics, thereby suggesting that the use of 10% of CP in diets for finishing bulls reduces their environmental impact due to a lower urinary N excretion than 12 and 14% CP-based diets. Animals that were fed 10, 12, and 14% CP diets had emissions equivalent to 3,893; 3,755; and 4,255 g d -1 of CO 2 , respectively, and no difference was observed among diets. Furthermore, methane emission is not affected by CP levels ranging between 10 to 14% which, on average, is 16.3 g kg -1 of DM intake. Our study found that a decreased CP level did not influence animal performance, but it did decrease N losses in manure without affecting methane emissions. However, it is important to highlight that more studies are necessary to confirm these results.
Rossi, Johnny E. "Effects of dietary crude protein and energy concentration on performance, carcass characteristics, and carcass chemical composition in Feedlot Cattle fed to achieve step-wise increases in rate of gain /." The Ohio State University, 2000. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1488202678773968.
Full textWilliams, Scott Matthew. "Utilization of distiller’s dried grains with solubles in swine diets." Thesis, Kansas State University, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/4627.
Full textDepartment of Animal Sciences and Industry
Joe D. Hancock
Six experiments were completed to determine factors influencing the use of distillers dried grains with solubles (DDGS) in diets for nursery and finishing pigs. In Exp. 1, 105 nursery pigs were fed corn-soybean meal (SBM) based diets with CP concentrations of 22.5, 25, and 27.5%. Overall ADG, ADFI, and G:F were not affected by increasing CP (P > 0.19). In Exp. 2, 105 nursery pigs were fed excess CP from SBM and DDGS. Overall ADG, ADFI, and G:F for pigs fed the control diet were not different from those fed the high CP treatments (P > 0.12). However, pigs fed the DDGS treatment had lower G:F than pigs fed the corn-soy diet with similar CP content (P < 0.04). For Exp. 3, 176 finishing pigs were fed diets with CP concentrations increasing from 12 to 18%. Increasing CP had no effect (P > 0.20) on ADG, ADFI, G:F, and hot carcass weight (HCW). For Exp. 4, 180 finishing pigs were fed excess dietary CP from SBM and DDGS. Pigs fed diets with high CP had lower ADG, ADFI, and HCW, but these results were caused by the diet with 40% DDGS (SBM vs DDGS, P < 0.001). For Exp. 5, 224 nursery pigs were used to determine the effects of extrusion processing on the nutritional value of DDGS. Overall ADG and ADFI were greater for pigs fed the corn-soy control compared to the DDGS treatments (P < 0.02). Extruding the DDGS did not improve ADG or G:F (P > 0.11), but DM and GE digestibility were greater for diets with extruded DDGS vs. unprocessed DDGS (P < 0.04). In Exp. 6, 200 finishing pigs were fed DDGS-based diets formulated for ME, NE, and digestible amino acids. Feeding DDGS lowered ADG (P < 0.09) and ADFI (P < 0.05). Formulating for ME, NE, and digestible amino acids needs improved ADG and G:F (P < 0.002) to that of the corn-soy control diet. In conclusion, moderate excesses of dietary CP does not impact growth performance. Also, extruding DDGS can improve the nutritional value of diets for nursery pig and formulating for ME, NE and digestible amino acid needs can improve growth performance of finishing pigs fed diets with high levels of DDGS.
Copping, Katrina Joan. "Fetal programming in cattle: the effects of varying maternal protein intake in adolescent beef heifers on fetal and postnatal growth and development of the calf." Thesis, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/2440/114261.
Full textThesis (Ph.D.) (Research by Publication) -- University of Adelaide, Adelaide Medical School, 2018
Stering, Kimberly Gruwell. "Dietary crude protein and lysine in broiler chicken nutrition." 2002. http://purl.galileo.usg.edu/uga%5Fetd/sterling%5Fkimberly%5Fg%5F200212%5Fphd.
Full textBooks on the topic "Maternal dietary crude protein"
Blauwiekel, Ruth. The effect of excess dietary crude protein on reproduction and energy metabolism in dairy cattle. 1985.
Find full textH. Tajudeen, A. Hosseindoust, S.H. Ha, J. Moturi, J.Y. Mun, C.B. Lee, J.W. Park, A. Lokhande, S.L. Ingale, and J.S. Kim*. Effects of dietary level of crude protein and supplementation of protease on performance and gut morphology of broiler chickens. Verlag Eugen Ulmer, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1399/eps.2022.355.
Full textBook chapters on the topic "Maternal dietary crude protein"
Bernardini, D., S. Segato, G. Marchesini, A. L. Stefani, G. Gerardi, and I. Andrighetto. "Changes in the Metabolic Profile and Performance of Dairy Cows Fed Two Dietary Crude Protein Concentrations." In Trends in Veterinary Sciences, 125–28. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-36488-4_23.
Full textVertiprakhov, Vladimir, Alena Grozina, Irina Kislova, Natalia Ovchinnikova, and Maria Koshcheeva. "Age Dynamics of the Exocrine Pancreatic Function in Broilers as Affected by the Level of Dietary Crude Protein." In Fundamental and Applied Scientific Research in the Development of Agriculture in the Far East (AFE-2021), 992–1000. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-91405-9_112.
Full textGillespie, Bronwen. "Nutritional Status and the Risk of Preterm Birth." In Evidence Based Global Health Manual for Preterm Birth Risk Assessment, 41–51. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-04462-5_6.
Full textRashid, Nowsheeba, Ifra Ashraf, and Shazia Ramzan. "Impacts of Food Industrial Wastes on Soil and Its Utilization as Novel Approach for Value Addition." In Research Anthology on Food Waste Reduction and Alternative Diets for Food and Nutrition Security, 652–69. IGI Global, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-5354-1.ch034.
Full textRashid, Nowsheeba, Ifra Ashraf, and Shazia Ramzan. "Impacts of Food Industrial Wastes on Soil and Its Utilization as Novel Approach for Value Addition." In Practice, Progress, and Proficiency in Sustainability, 226–43. IGI Global, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-0031-6.ch012.
Full textChukwudi Aguihe, Paschal, Ibinabo Imuetinyan Ilaboya, and Deji Abiodun Joshua. "Impact of Glycine Supplementation to Dietary Crude Protein Reduction in Broiler Chickens." In Dietary Supplements - Challenges and Future Research [Working Title]. IntechOpen, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.106786.
Full textKumar, Jitendra. "Microbial Hydrolysed Feather Protein as a Source of Amino Acids and Protein in the Diets of Animals Including Poultry." In Advances in Poultry Nutrition Research [Working Title]. IntechOpen, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.96925.
Full textW. Maynard, Craig, and Michael T. Kidd. "Broiler Amino Acid Research: Then and Now." In Broiler Industry [Working Title]. IntechOpen, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.101896.
Full text"TABLE 2U.S. Grade Requirements for Sorghum' TABLE 3 Typical Composition of Sorghum Grain Broken kernels Number Damaged kernel and foreign Mean Range of samples Heat-material Minimum Proximate analysis test weight Total damaged Total F.M. Protein (N x 6.25), % 11.6 8.1-16.8 1463 Grade (lb/bu) (%) (%) (%) (%) Ether extract, % 3.41.4-6.2 1462 U.S. No. 1 57.0 2.00.24.01.5 Crude fiber, % 2.70.4-7.3 1383 U.S. No. 2 55.0 5.00.57.02.5 Ash, % 2.21.2-7.1 1436 U.S. No. 3b 53.0 10.0 1.0 10.0 3.5 Nitrogen-free U.S. No. 4 51.0 15.0 3.0 13.0 4.5 extract%a 79.5 65.3-81.0 1372 Fiber, % Dietary insoluble 7.26.5-7.92 Dietary soluble 1.11.0-1.22." In Handbook of Cereal Science and Technology, Revised and Expanded, 169–76. CRC Press, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781420027228-19.
Full textConference papers on the topic "Maternal dietary crude protein"
Bandigamapalage, Wasana, Thilini Chandrasir, and Kolitha Wijesekara. "Preparation of a Low Cost Nutrient Bar Incorporated with Underutilized Seeds as a Convenient and Functional Meal Replacement Alternative D." In The SLIIT International Conference on Engineering and Technology 2022. Faculty of Engineering, SLIIT, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.54389/amfm1789.
Full textSyamalakumar Pandrangi, David B. Parker, L. Wayne Greene, Lal K. Almas, Marty B. Rhoades, and N. Andy Cole. "Effect of Dietary Crude Protein on Ammonia Emissions From Open-Lot Beef Cattle Feedyards." In 2003, Las Vegas, NV July 27-30, 2003. St. Joseph, MI: American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.13031/2013.13889.
Full textTebbe, A., and W. Weiss. "Effects of oscillating dietary crude protein concentration on production, nutrient digestibility and nitrogen metabolism in lactating dairy cows." In 6th EAAP International Symposium on Energy and Protein Metabolism and Nutrition. The Netherlands: Wageningen Academic Publishers, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.3920/978-90-8686-891-9_12.
Full textReports on the topic "Maternal dietary crude protein"
Pluk, Patricia, and Marinus van Krimpen. Effect of reducing dietary crude protein in hog finisher barrows and gilts on technical performance. Wageningen: Wageningen Livestock Research, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.18174/458060.
Full textGeppert, Taylor C., and Patrick J. Gunn. Effect of Excess Dietary Crude Protein from Corn Gluten Meal or Soybean Meal on Reproductive Function of Beef Cows Consuming Low Quality Forage. Ames (Iowa): Iowa State University, January 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.31274/ans_air-180814-1271.
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