Journal articles on the topic 'Maternal deprivation Psychological aspects'
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1
Mordas, Ekaterina Sergeevna, and Irina Nikolaevna Ivanova. "Mother-daughter relationship among women with psychogenic infertility: psychological-psychoanalytical perspective." Психолог, no. 4 (April 2020): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.25136/2409-8701.2020.4.33161.
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The subject of this research is the mother-daughter relationship and the image of a mother among women with psychogenic infertility. The object of this research is the child-parent relationship in women’s development. There is a small number of studies that indirectly confirm the correlation between distressed relationship of a woman with her mother in childhood and the genesis of psychogenic infertility. Women with psychogenic infertility usually had conflicting, ambivalent and unstable relationships with their mother in childhood, particularly in puberty period. Often, the image of the mother is subconsciously imprinted in woman’s psyche, affects her stance on motherhood, even if this image has nothing in common with the actual relationship in the dyad. This article describes the aspect of proneness to conflict and aggression in mother-daughter relationship among women with psychogenic infertility. The novelty of this research consists in formulation of a theoretical model of development (psychogenesis) of mother-daughter relationship among women with psychogenic infertility from psychoanalytical perspective. One of the elements of such model are the hostile and conflicting mother-daughter relationship among women with psychogenic infertility. The acquired results demonstrate that women with psychogenic infertility consider their mothers averse and less accepting than women without such disorder. They perceive their mother as showing enough emotions, care and love, or have memories of hostility and aggression towards them in childhood. Women with psychogenic infertility were impacted by lack of maternal attention than women without this disorder. Women with psychogenic infertility are characterized with avoidance and ambivalent type of affection for their mother and are more likely to view maternal deprivation as an unfair circumstance in life.
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Febery, E., and L. Greening. "An investigation into the weaning practices used within the UK equine breeding industry sector." Proceedings of the British Society of Animal Science 2009 (April 2009): 7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1752756200028465.
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Weaning occurs during the development of the young horse, involving maternal deprivation, abrupt nutritional challenges and social changes (Nicol, 1999) in both the free-living and domestic horse. Both psychological and physical aspects of well being can be impacted on if weaning is received with a negative response by the individual (Hoffman et al., 1995). Weaning can therefore evoke both short term and long term responses. Short term includes depressed immunity, inappetance and increased cortisol and adrenal responses. Long term changes include locomotory or oral stereotypies development (Waters et al., 2002), reduced ability to interact with other equines (Weeks et al., 2000), and affects on the human-horse bond and trainability (Sondergaard and Ladewig, 2004). There is an abundance of research discussing the advantages and disadvantages of different foal weaning practices and which is best (Waran et al., 2008). Parker et al., (2008) examined horse breeding management in Europe, North America and Australia. The USA sample population were weaned at a much earlier age with a greater percentage displaying abnormal behaviours. However there is little research to suggest which weaning methods, such as gradual or abrupt, are actively used or favoured within the horse breeding industry. The current study therefore sets out to investigate which method of weaning is most common within the UK equine breeding industry.
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Gautam, Kamal. "Child Marriage in Nepal: Stakeholders’ Perspective." Journal of Health Promotion 7 (September 6, 2019): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jhp.v7i0.25489.
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This study is about child marriage in Nepal from stakeholder’s perspective. It includes school going girls, women, teachers, health post staffs and local politicians as stakeholders and intends to find the situation, effects and perfectives of stakeholders on child marriage in Nepalese context. It comprises both qualitative and quantitative aspects followed by interview schedule and FGDs as tools. Fathers, relatives and friends were responsible for the incidence of early marriage in study site. Regarding effects, problems to become self dependent and deprivation of opportunity are the major effects that respondents had to face in their life. Workload in the families seems another effect to be faced followed by health problems to be experienced. Bleeding during pregnancy, low count of RBC, weakness, postpartum complications were seen in mothers during and after child births. Teenage mothers being more likely to experience complications during pregnancy and less likely to be emotionally, physically and psychologically prepared to deal with pregnancy related challenges, which often leads to maternal illness and consequently death was seen as the main conclusion of this study.
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Nikolaeva, Alla A., Irina A. Savchenko, and Octyabrina S. Stepanova. "Teenagers in the system of primary and secondary prevention of orphanhood." Perspectives of Science and Education 56, no. 2 (May 1, 2022): 361–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.32744/pse.2022.2.22.
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Introduction. In Russia, as in the world as a whole, the problem of orphanhood is quite acute. One of its aspects is finding teenagers in the system of primary and secondary prevention of orphanhood. The concentration on this particular age period is explained by the peculiarities of age, which turn out to be an additional factor in the activation of psychological trauma received by adolescents in childhood. Obstacles to the formation of a harmonious socialized personality of teenager orphans are not effectively addressed by the state, primarily due to the lack of an integrated approach. Materials and methods. The main research method is problem analysis, which made it possible to assess the nature of the problem, its causes and find a possible solution in accordance with the set goal. Within the framework of this method, a cause-and-effect method was used, which included such processes as an analysis of theoretical sources, legislative base, state statistics data, the nature of the functioning of the system for preventing orphanhood, as well as a comparative analysis of the situation in the prevention of orphanhood in Russia and abroad. Results and discussion. Children in the prevention system experience deprivation of maternal-child relationships. It leads to aggression, self-doubt, lack of trust in adults, and other characteristics. The situation is aggravated in critical teen age. As a result, a personality develops with emotional, personality, behavioral disorders and socialization problems. Psychocorrectional work becomes critically important, that at the moment does not solve the problem. New technologies are not considered, although the accumulated scientific knowledge makes it possible to do this, including using group methods, in particular, theatrical activities. The range of advantages that this approach gives, first of all, filling the life of teenagers with meaning, allows solving a number of problems in the educational process. At the same time, the activation of the volunteer movement with the support of the state could speed up the solution of this problem.
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Молчанова, Елена Павловна, and Олег Михайлович Писарев. "FEATURES OF THE INTEGRAL INDIVIDUALITY OF MEN CONVICTED OF SERIOUS CRIMES." Pedagogical Review, no. 5(39) (October 8, 2021): 195–207. http://dx.doi.org/10.23951/2307-6127-2021-5-195-207.
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Предпринята попытка изучения феномена интегральной индивидуальности человека через призму преступного поведения, повлекшего за собой совершение тяжелого криминального деяния. Рассматривается проблема необходимости понимания сложного внутреннего мира преступника, позволяющая раскрыть специфические глубинные механизмы, обусловливающие криминализацию личности. Формулируются актуальные вопросы, связанные с выявлением особенностей структуры интегральной индивидуальности мужчин, осужденных за тяжкие преступления против личности и отбывающих уголовное наказание в местах лишения свободы. Констатируется факт того, что рассмотрение и изучение феномена интегральной индивидуальности позволят найти оптимальный исследовательский путь, который позволит раскрыть своеобразные, индивидуальные особенности личности преступника. Исследование позволило обнаружить существенные различия между осужденными и правопослушными гражданами в разноуровневых свойствах интегральной индивидуальности, касающихся эмоциональной и коммуникативной сфер личности, а также жизненных целей. С учетом выявленных различий определена группа значимых факторов, характеризующих внутренние психологические аспекты, которые способствовали совершению тяжкого преступления против личности. Подтверждается актуальность исследования проблемы интегральной индивидуальности осужденных, позволяющая наметить новые ориентиры для осуществления психологической работы в местах лишения свободы. Предложены дальнейшие шаги, способствующие решению исследовательских задач в теоретической и практической плоскостях в поле пенитенциарной проблематики. An attempt is made to study the phenomenon of integral individuality of a person through the prism of criminal behavior that led to the commission of a serious criminal act. The article considers the problem of the need to understand the complex inner world of the criminal, which allows to reveal the specific deep mechanisms that cause the criminalization of the individual. Topical issues related to the identification of the features of the structure of the integral personality of men convicted of serious crimes against the person and serving criminal sentences in places of deprivation of liberty are formulated. It is stated that the consideration and study of the phenomenon of integral individuality will allow us to find the optimal research path that will allow us to reveal the peculiar, individual characteristics of the criminal’s personality. The study revealed significant differences between convicted and law-abiding citizens in the multi-level properties of integral individuality, concerning the emotional and communicative spheres of the individual, as well as life goals. Taking into account the revealed differences, a group of significant factors characterizing internal psychological aspects that contributed to the commission of a serious crime against a person is determined. The relevance of the study of the problem of the integral individuality of convicts is confirmed, which allows us to outline new guidelines for the implementation of psychological work in places of deprivation of liberty. Further steps are proposed that contribute to the solution of research problems in the theoretical and practical planes in the field of penitentiary problems.
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Semchuk, Svetlana. "USE OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE SPIRITUAL FORMATION OF THE YOUNG GENERATION." Problems of Modern Teacher Training, no. 1(23) (April 29, 2021): 35–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.31499/2307-4914.1(23).2021.232748.
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The article considers the problem of formation of spiritual needs of preschool children and the influence of modern information technologies on this process in particular. It gives a retrospective analysis of the views of scientists on the problem of the impact of information technology on the spiritual development of preschool children. It reveals the terminological concepts “spiritual education”, “Internet addiction”, “information technology”, “cyber threat”. Psychological regularities and features of spiritual formation of preschool children are described. The article describes the signs of “Internet addiction” of preschool children: elevated state of being on the Internet; impaired memory and attention; irritability from not being allowed to use the computer; constant browsing of various sites; unwillingness to communicate with family and friends for the sake of being on the Internet; sitting at the computer for hours, which leads to sleep and food deprivation. The main aspects of the spiritual qualities of children, which are formed under the influence of information technology, are revealed. It is determined that computer games are cultural forms of childrenʼs spirituality in the process of upbringing and education, along with childrenʼs games. The article reveals the functions of computer games. They are educational (promotes mastering of letters, develops reading skills, elementary mathematical concepts, etc.); educational (forms spiritual values, installs moral and ethical rules of conduct); developmental (aimed at the formation of general mental abilities, memory, thinking, attention); communicative (ensures the development of the dialectic of communication); entertaining (aimed at getting pleasure, enjoyment, getting the desired result). The article finds that the use of computer games in the classroom develops children’s curiosity, stimulates them to achieve their goals, helps children better master the material, identifies gaps in knowledge and eliminates them.
Keywords: information technology, Internet, Internet addiction, preschool child, computer games, spiritual education, children’s spirituality, spiritual needs.
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Yang, Seungmi, Yan Kestens, Mourad Dahhou, Mark Daniel, and Michael S. Kramer. "Neighborhood Deprivation and Maternal Psychological Distress During Pregnancy: A Multilevel Analysis." Maternal and Child Health Journal 19, no. 5 (November 15, 2014): 1142–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10995-014-1623-8.
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Rusina, Svitlana. "Quality of life for teenagers with social deprivation." Psychosomatic Medicine and General Practice 3, no. 3 (November 16, 2018): e0303101. http://dx.doi.org/10.26766/pmgp.v3i3.101.
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Background. Social instability, crisis «social neglect» and «social isolation» in teenagers is relevant because it impaired mental health and forms psychical disadaptation. All this thinks determines this investigate.
Purpose. To investigate quality of life in socially depressed teenagers.
Materials and methods. The results of experimental psychological research 100 teenagers with social depression and clinic-psychopathological, statistical methods was used.
Results. The result of research quality of life in teenagers with social depressed was next : the most vulnerable for biological and social orphans was psychological and physical sphere, and for teenagers with social-maternal, socio-psychological and family depressed was environment and relationship.
Conclusion. Socio-economic, medico-psychological factors have led to impairment quality of life in lest protected people – teenagers.
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Weisskirch, Robert S. "Aspects of Parenting and the Well-Being of Emerging Adult Language Brokers." Journal of Mental Health Counseling 40, no. 4 (October 1, 2018): 286–301. http://dx.doi.org/10.17744/mehc.40.4.02.
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The outcomes of language brokering may be shaped by parents and parent–child interactions for language brokers into emerging adulthood. For emerging adults, past parenting may differ by frequency of language brokering and contribute to brokers' well-being. In this study, 2,473 emerging adults (female = 1,719, male = 746, did not indicate = 8) with two foreign-born parents completed measures of language-brokering frequency, parenting, and well-being. Frequent language brokers reported lower levels of paternal nurturance, paternal connection, maternal nurturance, and maternal connection, and higher levels of maternal disrespect, in comparison to non-brokers. Infrequent language brokers reported lower levels of paternal connection, maternal nurturance, and maternal connection, and higher levels of paternal disrespect, paternal psychological control, maternal disrespect, and maternal psychological control, in comparison to non-brokers. Frequent language brokers indicated higher levels of depressive symptoms in comparison to non-brokers. The combination of frequent language brokering, paternal psychological control, and maternal psychological control were predictive of depressive symptoms. Frequent language brokering, female gender, paternal disrespect, paternal psychological control, and maternal psychological control were predictive of anxiety symptoms. Language brokering did not predict overall psychological well-being.
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Rabins, Peter V. "Psychosocial and Management Aspects of Delirium." International Psychogeriatrics 3, no. 2 (December 1991): 319–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1041610291000765.
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Data to demonstrate that psychosocial factors, sensory deprivation, or sleep deprivation alone can cause delirium are few. Nonetheless, these factors or conditions may contribute to the development or symptom presentation of a delirium when other metabolic or toxic etiologies are present. There is likewise little research on the appropriate treatment of the delirious patient. Clinical experience suggests that attention to the patient's psychological state through frequent orientation, emotional support, and frequent explanation can help. Low-dose neuroleptic drugs are occasionally useful and necessary.
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Snyatkova, Tetyana. "THE CONTENT AND ORGANIZATION OF THE EDUCATIONAL PROCESS WITH YOUNG CHILDREN IN CONDITIONS OF MATERNAL DEPRIVATION." Educational Discourse: collection of scientific papers, no. 33(5) (May 31, 2021): 34–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.33930/ed.2019.5007.33(5)-4.
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In the psychological and pedagogical literature, the term “maternal deprivation” is used to refer to the mental state of the person that arose due to the insufficiency or complete absence of sensual, emotional ties between the child and the mother. The duration, strength, and age at which maternal deprivation began are the leading determinants of the level and breadth of impairment in a child's mental development. Even prolonged separation from the mother (for example, as a result of hospitalization of the child) leads to the traumatization of the child's psyche at an early age. Within the framework of the reform of the system of institutional care and upbringing of children in Ukraine, the question arises of the need to develop educational programs taking into account the specifics of the child's personal development in conditions of maternal deprivation.
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Noonan, Robert, and Stuart Fairclough. "Social Disadvantage, Maternal Psychological Distress, and Difficulties in Children’s Social-Emotional Well-Being." Behavioral Sciences 8, no. 11 (November 11, 2018): 103. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/bs8110103.
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This study used data from wave four of the United Kingdom (U.K.) Millennium Cohort Study to examine whether there is an individual (i.e., maternal education) and area-level social disadvantage (i.e., neighborhood deprivation) gradient to difficulties in social-emotional well-being (SEW) in 7-year-old English children. We then investigated to what extent maternal psychological distress (Kessler 6 score) explains the relationship between social disadvantage indicators and boys’ and girls’ SEW difficulties. Subjects consisted of 3661 child–mother dyads (1804 boys and 1857 girls). Results discerned gender differences in the effect social disadvantage indicators have on child SEW difficulties. Maternal education had a comparable effect on boys’ and girls’ SEW difficulties, but a steeper neighborhood deprivation gradient was evident for boys’ SEW difficulties compared to girls’ SEW difficulties. The effect of each social disadvantage indicator on boys’ and girls’ SEW difficulties was for most part direct and strong (p ≤ 0.001) rather than through maternal psychological distress, suggesting that the theoretical framework was incomplete. Here we demonstrate that where children are positioned on the social disadvantage gradient matters greatly to their SEW. Improving the living conditions and health of mothers with psychological distress may offer a pathway to improve child SEW.
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Nazarevych, V. V. "PSYCHOLOGICAL AND PEDAGOGICAL ASPECTS OF SOCIAL DEPRIVATION AS A RESULT OF OSTRACISM." Habitus, no. 16 (2020): 162. http://dx.doi.org/10.32843/2663-5208.2020.16.26.
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Zaheer, Zahir Shah. "Psychological aspects of Pashto Landay." Integrated Journal for Research in Arts and Humanities 3, no. 1 (January 21, 2023): 57–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.55544/ijrah.3.1.11.
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Pashto landay is a great and delicious asset of folk literature that has not only gained fame and importance in the Pashtoon community, but is now emerging day by day as a good and beautiful poem in the field of international literature. Pashto landay of Pashto oral literature is a short and meaningful poem that is free from rhyme, but in terms of weight it is equal to the fifth long syllable of free poetry. The stress comes on the fourth syllable of each column. The first hemistich is nine syllables and the second one is thirteen syllables and ends with an independent sound. In this brief article it hasn’t discussed on the framework of landay, but the content of landay which are the voice of the heart of the Pashtoon people are analyzed from the perspective of psychology. Pashtoons who have suffered many hardships throughout their lives have been deprived of the lawful pleasures of life due to the influence of their imposed culture and all their deprivations have been pushed from the conscious to the unconscious. As a result, they have told their deprivation in landay as a poem and made themselves happy and encouraged. These problems and deprivations are different and discussing them all is beyond the scope of an article. In order to attract the attention of researchers to this topic in the future, some obvious aspects related to human psychology have been discussed.
MOTIVE OF ESSAY WRITING
The poem is discussed from two aspects one is the form and the other is the content. In Pashto literature there have been many discussions about poetry framework in general, but its content has not been discussed as much as it should be. In today's modern literature the psychological aspect is relatively new and important, so this aspect is stronger than others in Pashto literature, because the Pashtoon are more oppressed than any other people, so this was the reason why I wrote this article. It has come so that readers of other languages will be informed about the deprivations of Pashtoons' lives by reading this article.
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Cernovsky, Zack, and Yves Bureau. "Lady with erotic preference for diapers." Mental Illness 8, no. 2 (November 23, 2016): 30–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/mi.2016.6687.
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A patient in her 20s was referred to us for psychological assessment due to her depression and suicide attempts. She mentioned being anorgasmic except when diapered and emphasized her erotic preference for diapers. Her childhood included maternal deprivation in an impecunious family headed by an irritable physically disabled father on social assistance. Given the maternal deprivation in childhood, her erotic fixation on diapers parallels the emotional attachment to diapers observed by Harlow in mother deprived infant monkeys. Etiological hypotheses should also include the paradigm of avoidance learning from theories of behavior therapy. Our patient does not wish to change her sexual preference: in such cases, fetishism is not considered as an illness by DSM5. However, she needs to be treated for pathological levels of depression with suicidal ideation and low self-esteem.
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Ivanov, M., V. Kotlyarov, G. Kozlovskaya, L. Kremneva, M. Kalinina, and T. Krylatova. "Isolation syndrome in children: Clinical and psychological aspects in the context of COVID-19." European Psychiatry 64, S1 (April 2021): S667—S668. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/j.eurpsy.2021.1772.
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IntroductionIn connection with the COVID-19 pandemic, in order to prevent the spread of coronavirus infection, a lockdown was introduced everywhere in the Russian Federation, the main psychological feature of which is social deprivation - the deprivation or restriction of social habitual real interactions.ObjectivesDescribe clinical and psychological manifestations in children in the context of COVID-19 pandemic lockdown.MethodsDuring the period from June to September 2020, parents of 108 children of early, preschool and school age applied for advice. Children are divided into two groups: I -children with previously established mental disorders; II - children who have not previously been observed for developmental disorder by a psychiatrist.ResultsParents of children applied for counselling with complaints of psychological, neurotic and psychosomatic symptoms that were present in children during the period of lockdown. It was found that the active use of electronic gadgets, an abundance of alarming information from the media, can cause disturbances in the family system and become an additional risk factor in the developmental disorders and an increase in the existing psychopathological symptoms in children. However, in young children with normative development and in some children with autism spectrum disorder, the phenomenon of social isolation did not reveal any pronounced changes in the mental state towards deterioration; on the contrary, in a number of cases there is a weakening of previously manifested deviations, apparently associated with increased communication with the loved ones and increased parental attention.ConclusionsClinical and psychological services should offer preventive support to the entire family.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
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Grigorieva, Nadezhda G., and Svetlana M. Drutskaya. "SOCIAL AND PSYCHOLOGICAL SENSE OF YOUNG PEOPLE DURING THE CORONAVIRUS PANDEMIC." Humanities And Social Studies In The Far East 18, no. 4 (2021): 140–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.31079/1992-2868-2021-18-4-140-145.
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The article examines some aspects of the social and psychological well-being of young people during the coronavirus pandemic, the impact of social deprivation on the emotional, intellectual, and behavioral activity of a person. The role of communica-tion in human life is presented on the basis of the analysis of views, opinions, and ideas of scientists. An analysis of the results of a study on the impact of the coronavirus infection pandemic on the psychological well-being of young people is presented.
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Figueiredo, Letícia Marlene dos Santos, Jessica Macedo Carneiro, Regiane Cristina Silva Rego, Ana Carolina Araújo de Almeida Lins, and Crissia Roberta Pontes Cruz. "PRÉ-NATAL PSICOLÓGICO COMO UMA POSSIBILIDADE DE CUIDADO INTEGRAL À SAÚDE MATERNA: UMA REVISÃO INTEGRATIVA DA LITERATURA." Psicologia e Saúde em Debate 8, no. 1 (January 15, 2022): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.22289/2446-922x.v8n1a1.
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Pregnancy is a period of great transformations, with changes not only in the woman's body, but also changes in the psychological, family, and social aspects, with the possibility of developing disorders. Concerning psychic aspects, over time a little or no importance was given, considering the current biomedical model. In view of this scenario, the psychological prenatal care appears to complement the traditional prenatal care, turning even more to humanization during the process of pregnancy, childbirth and parenthood. In this sense, this study aims to analyze how psychological prenatal care can be an integral care strategy for maternal health. The methodology of this research consists of an Integrative Literature Review. The databases used were Scientific Electronic Library Online (SCIELO), Latin American and Caribbean Health Sciences Literature (LILACS) and Electronic Psychology Journals (PePSIC). The following descriptors were used: “psychological prenatal care”, “psychology and pregnancy” and “psychological disorders in pregnancy”. The results show the PNP (Psychological Prenatal Care) a possibility of integral care to the maternal health, as it is established as a preventive program in relation to psychological disorders resulting from the pregnancy-puerperium cycle, especially in regard to postpartum Depression, and complementary to the traditional prenatal care.
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Cho, Esther Yin-Nei, and Victor C. W. Wong. "Children’s Lived Experiences in Poverty in Hong Kong as a High-Income Asian Society." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, no. 10 (May 19, 2022): 6190. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19106190.
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Child poverty situated in different socioeconomic and environmental contexts has long been a central concern for practitioners, researchers, and policy makers. However, concerned research studies are predominantly adult-centric, confined to specific areas, or seldom found in Asian developed economies. Against the backdrop of this research gap, this study examines children’s experiences of poverty in relation to economic and material aspects, social relationships and participation, and psychological and emotional wellbeing, and their ways of coping with the effects of poverty. Using a purposive sampling method, a total of 40 children participants aged 8–14 living in or near poverty were recruited for an individual interview. The study showed that children experienced a range of deprivations in relation to falling short of the resources, opportunities, and activities that are commanded by average young persons. Limited living space also stands out as a more severe problem that is difficult to cope with. The various coping strategies include small spending savvy tactics, parental buffering, compensation, and mental coping. Proximity to schools and NGOs can help children in poverty to cope with problems caused by deprivations in different aspects. Implications for research studies and practice for working with children in or near poverty are discussed accordingly.
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Zamorueva, V. V. "Comparison of the Psychological Characteristics of Adaptation in Orphan Students of Initial Learning Stage to Adaptation Potential in Students Brought up in Families." Psychological-Educational Studies 6, no. 2 (2014): 139–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.17759/psyedu.2014060212.
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We present a study of psychological characteristics of preadult orphans, their psychological adaptation to the conditions of learning in high school compared to the norm population (students living in family). We assumed that the level of adaptation of the orphan students is significantly smaller than in other students, because of their special life circumstances (maternal deprivation, living in residential care institutions, sometimes bad heredity, lack of life skills in everyday issues, personal problems). The results of the survey of 49 orphan students (26 girls and 23 boys) and 49 first-year students brought up by parents (28 girls and 21 boys), confirmed this hypothesis and allow us to tell that orphan students need special psychological help in the learning process in high school to grow at a personal and professional level.
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Gila-Díaz, Andrea, Gloria Herranz Carrillo, Ángel Luis López de Pablo, Silvia M. Arribas, and David Ramiro-Cortijo. "Association between Maternal Postpartum Depression, Stress, Optimism, and Breastfeeding Pattern in the First Six Months." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 19 (September 30, 2020): 7153. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17197153.
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Early breastfeeding cessation is a major public health problem. Several factors can affect breastfeeding pattern, and psychological aspects have been poorly explored. We hypothesize that psychological factors and breastfeeding pattern have a relationship. We have assessed in mothers during the first six months of lactation if breastfeeding pattern is associated with maternal stress, postpartum depression, and dispositional optimism, and if these psychological factors play a role on breastfeeding adherence. In total, 711 women participated, answering online the following questionnaires: sociodemographic, perceived stress scale, Edinburgh postpartum depression scale, life orientation test, and breastfeeding adherence score. Women were categorized according to infant feeding practices as exclusive breastfeeding (EBF) or mixed breastfeeding (MBF). The EBF group had a lower score of perceived stress compared to those giving MBF (first month: EBF = 1.5 [1.1; 1.9], MBF = 1.8 [1.5; 2.0]; p-Value = 0.030; third month: EBF = 1.6 [1.2; 2.0], MBF = 1.8 [1.5; 2.4]; p-Value = 0.038) and also had a lower score of postpartum depression (third month: EBF = 8.0 [6.0; 11.0], MBF = 11.0 [9.0; 15.0]; p-Value = 0.001). The breastfeeding adherence score showed a positive correlation with maternal perceived stress (first month: ρ = 0.27; p-Value = 0.018), and postpartum depression (third month: ρ = 0.30; p-Value < 0.001), and a negative correlation with maternal dispositional optimism (second month: ρ = −0.20; p-Value = 0.028). MBF was positively associated with breastfeeding adherence score (odd ratio (OR) = 1.4 [1.2–1.6]; p-Value < 0.001) and with postpartum depression (OR = 1.1 [1.0; 1.1]; p-Value = 0.020). In the third month of breastfeeding, women with MBF exhibited higher perceive stress and postpartum depression compared to those with EBF and no difference in dispositional optimism. The maternal psychological aspects are associated with breastfeeding pattern. Evaluation of maternal psychological concerns and providing support to lactating mothers may help improving breastfeeding adherence.
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Sularyo, Titi Sunarwati. "Mentally Subnormal Children: Probable Causes, Backgrounds, and Preventive Aspects." Paediatrica Indonesiana 35, no. 7-8 (October 8, 2018): 194–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.14238/pi35.7-8.1995.194-9.
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A prospective study on 71 students in a special school for mentally subnormal functioning children in Jakarta was reviewed by physical examination, psychometric evaluation interviews and home visits. In the majority (87.5%) the IQ ranged from 70 to 90 Units (Wechsler scale). Of the 71 children, 4 7 (65.6 %) had somatic or biomedical known factors as etiology, while the other 24 (34.4%) were probably of sociocultural origin. This was surprising, since although the children had mentally subnormal intellectual functioning, the biomedical factors still played a high toll for it. Sociocultural factors, found out on home visits, such as unfavorable reproductive pattern of mothers, maternal deprivation, unwanted pregnancies, overprotective attitude, broken homes etc. were identified. For prevention, strengthening of the MCH care and family planning will be of utmost importance.
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Pozdnyakov, V. M., T. V. Kalashnikova, M. V. Ovsyannikova, and M. M. Kalashnikova. "Aspects of Emotional Maturity Manifestation in Female Convicts Serving Deprivation of Liberty Sentences." Psychology and Law 11, no. 3 (2021): 94–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.17759/psylaw.2021110307.
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This article presents theoretical and methodological basis for studying the phenomena of emotional intelligence and emotional maturity in foreign and Russian psychology including the status of research done by prison psychologists. The article also provides data of our research on determination and psychodynamics of emotional intelligence, as well as transformation of other personality characteristics in 220 female convicts at various stages of serving their sentence in penal correction colonies in five regions of Russia. The findings of the psychodiagnostics indicate insufficient levels of emotional intelligence and reveals the prison-specific subcultural manifestation of its components in the examined inmates, who at the same time possess underdeveloped compensatory personality resources. Cluster analysis made it possible to isolate the predominant types of convicted women: "emotionally impulsive" and "emotionally rigid" whose contrasting psychological characteristics must be taken into account when developing individual correctional and group-related correctional and developmental programs. In order to improve female convicts' emotional maturity, a series of measures of legal-institutional and correction- and development-related character has been substantiated.
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Leite-Mello, Emeri V. S., Sandra Regina Stabille, and Marcílio H. Miranda-Neto. "Effect of maternal protein deprivation on morphological and quantitative aspects of the myenteric plexus neurons of proximal colon in rats." Arquivos de Neuro-Psiquiatria 55, no. 1 (1997): 106–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0004-282x1997000100017.
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We have studied the morphological and quantitative aspects of the myenteric plexus neurons of the proximal colon in rats (Rattus norvegicus of Wistar strain) submitted to a protein deprivation during prenatal and lactation periods. Twenty pregnant dams were divided in four groups labeled according to the kind of nourishment they were given: Group NN, normal diet; Group DN, low protein diet during prenatal period, and normal diet during lactation period; Group ND, normal diet during prenatal period, and low protein diet during lactation period; Group DD, low protein diet during prenatal and lactation periods. Histological analyses were developed with proximal colon segments using the haematoxylin and eosin staining method. Membrane preparations were stained by Giemsa's method. The statistical analysis has demonstrated no significant difference among the means of neurons found in the four studied groups. It was noticed that the animals under protein deprivation during prenatal and lactation periods presented greater quantity of large and strongly basophilic myenteric neurons. This suggests that neurons have accumulated protein in the cytoplasm.
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Henrichs, J., J. J. Schenk, S. J. Roza, M. P. van den Berg, H. G. Schmidt, E. A. P. Steegers, A. Hofman, V. W. V. Jaddoe, F. C. Verhulst, and H. Tiemeier. "Maternal psychological distress and fetal growth trajectories: The Generation R Study." Psychological Medicine 40, no. 4 (August 6, 2009): 633–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0033291709990894.
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BackgroundPrevious research suggests, though not consistently, that maternal psychological distress during pregnancy leads to adverse birth outcomes. We investigated whether maternal psychological distress affects fetal growth during the period of mid-pregnancy until birth.MethodPregnant women (n=6313) reported levels of psychological distress using the Brief Symptom Inventory (anxious and depressive symptoms) and the Family Assessment Device (family stress) at 20.6 weeks pregnancy and had fetal ultrasound measurements in mid- and late pregnancy. Estimated fetal weight was calculated using head circumference, abdominal circumference and femur length.ResultsIn mid-pregnancy, maternal distress was not linked to fetal size. In late pregnancy, however, anxious symptoms were related to fetal size after controlling for potential confounders. Anxious symptoms were also associated with a 37.73 g [95% confidence interval (CI) −69.22 to −6.25, p=0.019] lower birth weight. When we related maternal distress to fetal growth curves using multilevel models, more consistent results emerged. Maternal symptoms of anxiety or depression were associated with impaired fetal weight gain and impaired fetal head and abdominal growth. For example, depressive symptoms reduced fetal weight gain by 2.86 g (95% CI −4.48 to −1.23, p<0.001) per week.ConclusionsThe study suggests that, starting in mid-pregnancy, fetal growth can be affected by different aspects of maternal distress. In particular, children of prenatally anxious mothers seem to display impaired fetal growth patterns during pregnancy. Future work should address the biological mechanisms underlying the association of maternal distress with fetal development and focus on the effects of reducing psychological distress in pregnancy.
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Scanlan, Tara K., and Rebecca Lewthwaite. "Social Psychological Aspects of Competition for Male Youth Sport Participants: IV. Predictors of Enjoyment." Journal of Sport Psychology 8, no. 1 (March 1986): 25–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/jsp.8.1.25.
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This field study examined predictors of the sport enjoyment experienced by 76 male wrestlers, ages 9 to 14 years, who participated in the first two rounds of a competitive wrestling tournament. Enjoyment was operationalized as the amount of fun the boys had experienced during the wrestling season and the degree to which they liked to wrestle, Intrapersonal variables, including the participants' age and perceptions of their wrestling ability, were investigated as predictors of their sport enjoyment. Significant adult influences, including the boys' perceptions of typical parental and coach behaviors and responses to them in the sport setting, were also examined in relation to enjoyment. A stepwise multiple regression analysis indicated that younger boys, and those who perceived greater wrestling ability, enjoyed their sport participation more than did older boys and those with perceptions of lower ability, Boys who perceived (a) greater parental and coach satisfaction with their season's performance, (b) less maternal pressure and fewer negative maternal performance reactions, and (c) more positive adult sport involvement and interactions (p < .10) experienced greater enjoyment when compared with their counterparts. Together, these predictors accounted for 38% of the variation in wrestlers' enjoyment.
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Hartini, Iis, and Suandi Suandi. "Hubungan Persepsi Siswa-Siswi Sekolah Dasar Terhadap Perilaku Kekerasan Oleh Orang Tua Di Kota Jambi." Journal of Education, Humaniora and Social Sciences (JEHSS) 3, no. 2 (December 2, 2020): 394–400. http://dx.doi.org/10.34007/jehss.v3i2.315.
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In Jambi Province, the behavior of violence against children was quite high, reaching 72 children each year. This study is conducted at SDN 47, SDN 69, and SDN 208 Jambi City with a population of 6th grade students with a sample of 90 people. The variables studied consists the types of violence experienced by children, children's perceptions of violence and socio-economic factors that influence the occurrence of violence against children. The aspects of violence against children studied were physical violence, psychological violence, and sexual violence. The aspects of perception are consists of cognition, affection and conation. This research was conducted using descriptive analytical method, in quantitative analysis carried out by descriptive statistical analysis and inferential statistics using chi square correlation with categorical data types. The results of this study concluded that psychological violence (22%) was mostly experienced by these students. Aspect of children's perceptions of violence can be concluded that these students understand about violence against children and do not agree with violence against children. The socio-economic variables that have a significant relationship with violent behavior are maternal education (0,027) and maternal age (0,041) where the probability value shows a value less than 0.05. It means that maternal education and maternal age are related to violent behavior in children.
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Søndergaard, Elna, Pau Pérez-Sales, Efrat Shir, Ergün Cakal, and Marie Brasholt. "Protocol on Medico-Legal Documentation of Sleep Deprivation." Torture Journal 29, no. 2 (October 30, 2019): 28–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.7146/torture.v29i2.116320.
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This Protocol originates from a joint projectregarding documentation of psychologicaltorture initiated by the Public Committeeagainst Torture in Israel (PCATI),REDRESS and DIGNITY - DanishInstitute against Torture (DIGNITY) in2015 after the Copenhagen Conferenceon Psychological Torture. The project is avehicle to establish a common understandingbetween health and legal professions asto how to best ensure the most accuratedocumentation of psychological torture.Historically, sleep deprivation has beenused for different objectives but, primarily,to cause stress and duress for the purposeof extracting information and confessions.Detention centers with poor conditions isanother context in which sleep deprivation,as a consequence of sleep disruption, takesplace. This is often due to overcrowding,insufficient or no mattresses, and poorconditions of transportation between thecourts and detention facilities.The aim of the Protocol is to improvedocumentation of sleep deprivationused in such settings (most often duringinterrogation) and therefore to clarify thefacts of the case so that stronger legal claimscan subsequently be submitted to local andinternational complaints mechanisms.The Protocol has been developed basedon a methodology involving: compilationand review of legal and health knowledgeon sleep deprivation, also in non-torturecontexts; drafting by first author; discussionin the group of international experts;1 pilot-1 The group includes the following experts andorganizations in addition to the authors of thisProtocol: Nora Sveaass, Nimisha Patel, BrockChisholm, Ahmed Benasr, REDRESS (RupertSkilbeck and Alejandra Vicente), Freedom fromTorture (Angela Burnett and Emily Rowe),testing by PCATI; and evaluation by thethree organizations and the group of experts.Despite generic elements of sleepdeprivation, the context in a specific countrywill determine many aspects of the factualsituation. Each context differs and as suchthis Protocol could serve as a guideline or achecklist of elements to be considered in aspecific context.We hope that this Protocol will assistin the discussions between the variousstakeholders and provide guidance on whatcan be documented and how to documentsleep deprivation.
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Tabachnikov, S. I., I. Ya Pinchuk, Ye M. Kharchenko, N. O. Mykhalchuk, A. M. Chepurna, and I. F. Zdoryk. "Criteria for diagnostics and treatment of somatic patients who use psychoactive substances in the practice of family medicine." Archives of psychiatry 25, no. 1 (March 20, 2019): 15–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.37822/2410-7484.2019.25.1.15-21.
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Background. The usage of psychoactive substances (PS) is one of the most urgent among other medical and social problems of nowadays. One of the aspects of menacing nature of this phenomenon is psychological and somatic consequences, so called comorbid conditions, which in the future lead to severe psychosomatic disorders, more significant in young or old age. Contemporary medical reform in Ukraine has reoriented for family doctors general medical care to somatic patients, which, in turn, requires the creation of professional scientific and practical developments to provide them with qualified assistance.
Objective – to develop of the system of diagnostic and medical care for somatic patients who use PS in the practice of family medicine.
Materials and methods. In accordance with the relevant methods (clinical, anamnestic, socio-demographic, psychodiagnostic, clinical-psychopathological and statistical), 220 thematic patients who applied with somatic complaints to the family doctor were examined. All these patients take different kinds of PS.
Results. Characteristic features of the examined patients were such as: prevailing age group was the senior group of people (60%), the youngest was 38%; a large proportion of respondents were educated in dysfunctional families (42%); the families in which the parents use of PS, in the families in which there where systematic conflicts, material and everyday problems, burdened heredity, concomitant somatic diseases (28%), etc. Most of these surveyed began to use PS in the age of teenagers (66%), a significantly smaller number was that one who had begun to use PS in elderly age. The motivation for the usage of surfactant in the younger group was dominated by the negative impact of the micro-environment, at the elder age we diagnostic the subjective deprivation of the patients from difficult social circumstances, improvement of general mental and physical conditions. The complaints of these patients who need a help of family doctors were formed by us in the form of the main profiles of somatic pathology: cardiovascular, pulmonary-respiratory, gastro-intestinal. In the mental plan these patients had depressive, disturbing, asthenic states in different proportions. Most of them who use PS prefer tobacco and alcohol or combined forms (72%), much less patients use PS. The developed system of early diagnostics of comorbid pathology is based on a four-level clinical characteristic of psychosomatic pathology with the appropriate correlation between the type and level of PS which had been used.
Conclusions. The main profiles of somatization in these cases were outlined (48% of patients have the problems with the cardiovascular system, with the digestive tract – 32%, with the pulmonary-respiratory system – 20% of patients), which were combined with mental illnesses. The system of early diagnostics of the usage of psychoactive substances by somatic patients was developed with the help of corresponding AUDIT-tests, a number of parallel psycho-diagnostic methods and laboratory data. On the basis of characteristic features of anamnesis, socio-demographic, clinical psycho-pathological and somatic data, a system of psycho-therapeutic, rehabilitation and psycho-prophylaxis assistance to the patients in the practice of family medicine was developed.
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Martínez-González, Marina B., Diana Carolina Pérez-Pedraza, Judys Alfaro-Álvarez, Claudia Reyes-Cervantes, María González-Malabet, and Vicente Javier Clemente-Suárez. "Women Facing Psychological Abuse: How Do They Respond to Maternal Identity Humiliation and Body Shaming?" International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 12 (June 20, 2021): 6627. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18126627.
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This research analyzes the decisions made by women facing simulated situations of psychological abuse. Seventy-three women (36.9 ± 13.6 years) who had been victims of domestic violence participated. The analysis was based on their coping strategies, early maladaptive schemes, and their decisions in response to vignettes describing the following domestic violence situations: humiliation to women’s maternal identity with children as witnesses and body shaming. We used Student’s t and Mann–Whitney tests to compare the results between groups. The participants presented some coping strategies (social support seeking, wishful thinking, and professional support seeking) and several early maladaptive schemes (emotional deprivation, defectiveness/shame, social isolation/alienation, failure to achieve, attachment, and subjugation) associated with their reactions facing a situation of humiliation with children as witnesses. When the humiliation was against the body image, their reactions were associated with some coping strategies (wishful thinking, professional support seeking, autonomy, negative auto-focus coping, and positive reappraisal) and one maladaptive scheme (defectiveness/shame). Women who reacted avoidantly showed higher social and professional support seeking but experienced higher indicators of discomfort and deterioration of self-esteem than those who opted for assertive decisions. The presence of children as witnesses seems to be a factor of stress in the configuration of coping strategies and maladaptive schemes in female victims of domestic violence. The evolution of early maladaptive schemes and coping strategies requires observation to avoid the risk of isolation and permanence in victimizing relationships.
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Enikolopov, S., T. Medvedeva, O. Vorontsova, O. Boyko, and D. Zhabina. "Psychological aspects of body perception in depression with non-suicidal self-injury." European Psychiatry 65, S1 (June 2022): S270. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/j.eurpsy.2022.692.
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Introduction Emotional regulation appears to be a key factor in self-injury. But body image also may play an important role in self-harming. Objectives Analysis of the relationship between non-suicidal self-injurious behavior and various aspects of body representation and body perception in adolescents and young women suffering from depression. Methods The study involved 85 women with endogenous depression. The answer to the question “Sometimes I purposely injure myself” was used as an indicator of self-harm. The methods include: SCL-90-R, Body Investment Scale (BIS), Physical Appearance Comparison Scale-Revised (PACS-R), Body Satisfaction Scale (BSS), Cambridge Depersonalization Scale (CDS). Results The relationship between self-injurious behavior and emotional, cognitive and behavioral characteristics of the self-body perception was revealed: more negative body image - dissatisfaction with its parts and the whole body (correlation with BSS_head ,238*, BSS_body ,472**, BSS_total_score ,453**), which is accompanied by behavioral manifestations - reduced “Protection” (correlation with BIS -,281**), higher rates of self-surveillance and comparisons of the self-body with others (PACS-R ,323**), depersonalization (CDS ,301**), body dissociation (CDS ABE ,346**), somatization (SCL-90-R ,226*). Conclusions For young women with depression, it has been shown that when self-harming, the self-body is “devalued”, perceived as “bad,” and the need to protect it is ignored. The severity of self-harm directly correlates with the phenomena of somatopsychic depersonalization. The results obtained may indicate that rejection of the self-body, “alienated” attitude and deprivation of the body of “subjectivity” can contribute to its use as a tool for solving psychological problems, which is a risk factor for the development, consolidation and aggravation of self-injurious behavior. Disclosure No significant relationships.
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Khagurov, T. A., and L. M. Chepeleva. "Social-psychological reasons for the spread of the“AUE” subculture (hidden factors of the problem)." RUDN Journal of Sociology 21, no. 2 (December 15, 2021): 322–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.22363/2313-2272-2021-21-2-322-339.
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The article identifies the deep causes of the new wave of minors criminalization in the Russian society. The authors considered the expert opinions on this issue and found them inconsistent; described the main forms of behavior associated with the adoption of criminal values - primary, game, and re-criminalization which usually have different social localization; summarized the historical aspects of adolescent criminalization in the Russian society and its social-cultural factors. Based on the analysis of the official statistics and the results of the empirical studies conducted in 2019-2020 within the project Deep causes of teenage (neo)criminalization in contemporary Russia supported by the RFBR, the authors assess the scale of real and virtual criminalization, features of legal outlook, social-psychological well-being, and worldview of criminalized and ordinary teenagers. In addition to the traditionally identified causes of criminalization (social-economic and cultural-educational inequality, deprivation, territorial-geographical specificity, etc.), the authors consider social-cultural factors: first, violations in socialization and child-parental relations - as leading to the deprivation of the need for love and recognition of minors by their parents and to the attempts to compensate this deprivation destructively, with criminal practices; second, the types of minors heroes, which determine the normative and gender inversion and the spread of the criminal subculture - as a source of the surrogate pseudo-masculine discourse. The authors make a conclusion that the prevention of minors criminalization should be based on psychological-pedagogical and social-cultural technologies, the main actors of which are the family, school and state information policy, while the normative-legal technologies of social control, the actors of which are administrative and law enforcement agencies, should focus on the crime-deterrent function.
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Rosenman, Stephen, and Bryan Rodgers. "Childhood Adversity and Adult Personality." Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry 40, no. 5 (May 2006): 482–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/j.1440-1614.2006.01826.x.
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Objectives: To explore how recalled childhood adversity affects trait measures of personality in three age cohorts of an Australian adult population and to examine the effects of particular adversities on adult personality traits. Method: A total of 7485 randomly selected subjects in the age bands of 20–24, 40–44 and 60–64 years were interviewed at the outset of a longitudinal community study of psychological health in the Canberra region of Australia. In the initial interview, subjects answered 17 questions about domestic adversity and three questions on positive aspects of upbringing to age 16 years. Personality traits were measured by Eysenck Personality Questionnaire, Behavioural Activation and Inhibition Scales, Positive and Negative Affect Scales and a measure of dissocial behaviours. Results: Higher levels of childhood adversity substantially increase the risk of high neuroticism (OR = 2.6) and negative affect (OR = 2.6), less for behavioural inhibition (OR = 1.7) and for dissocial behaviour (OR = 1.7). No significant effect is seen for extraversion, psychoticism or behavioural activation. Age and gender had little effect on the pattern of risk. Maternal depression has significant and substantial independent effects on measures of neuroticism and negative affect as well as most other measures of personality. Conclusion: Childhood domestic adversity has substantial associations with clinically important aspects of personality: neuroticism and negative affect. Only small effects are seen on behavioural inhibition and dissocial behaviour, and no significant effect on extraversion and behavioural activation. These unexpected findings contradict clinical belief. Maternal psychological ill-health is pre-eminent among adversities predicting later disadvantageous traits, even for those traits that had only the slightest association with childhood adversity. Consequences of childhood adversity prevail throughout the lifespan in men and women equally. The study underlines the importance of childhood domestic adversity and especially maternal psychological ill-health as a target for preventive intervention for psychological difficulties at all ages.
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Rosado de Miranda Justo, Joao. "PRENATAL MATERNAL PSYCHIC DEVELOPMENT AND FETAL BEHAVIOR: AN INTERACTING REALITY." International Journal of Developmental and Educational Psychology. Revista INFAD de Psicología. 5, no. 1 (December 21, 2016): 239. http://dx.doi.org/10.17060/ijodaep.2014.n1.v5.672.
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Abstract.Psychological development during pregnancy and along transition to parenthood stood under scientific attention during the second half of the twentieth century. Research yielded data suggesting that human adaptation to the reproductive steps of the life cycle is very important in our quest for quality of life. Namely, studies of maternal prenatal emotions revealed the existence of a relationship between, on one side, pregnant women psychological functioning and, on another side, obstetric health, labor and delivery vicissitudes, newborn’s health and behavior, etc. Recently studies about prenatal stress showed how important intrauterine experiences can be for babies’ development. Interventions dedicated to prevent negative consequences induced by maternal stress should be organized as early as possible in human life. In this sense, it is argued that positive aspects reinforcement, both in the mother and in the baby as well as in family functioning, should be seen as the major focus in relational strategies assumed by professionals operating in this field.Key words: Psychological development during pregnancy; Maternal prenatal emotions; Obstetric health; Newborn’s health and behavior; Prenatal stress.
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Lysenko, O. F., and M. V. Safonova. "INDICATORS OF PSYCHOLOGICAL READINESS FOR MOTHERHOOD AND PSYCHOLOGICAL AND PEDAGOGICAL MEASURES FOR ITS FORMATION." Bulletin of Krasnoyarsk State Pedagogical University named after V.P. Astafiev 56, no. 2 (June 30, 2021): 123–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.25146/1995-0861-2021-56-2-278.
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Statement of the problem. The article presents an analysis and discussion of the results of diagnostic assessment among pregnant women, allowing us to draw conclusions on indicators of psychological preparedness for motherhood. The purpose the article is to outline the necessary areas of work with women on the way to the formation of the maternal sphere in ontogenesis. Materials and Methods. The research methodology consists of the concept of the formation of the “maternal need-motivation sphere” by G.G. Filippova, the theory of E.V. Matveeva about psychological readiness for motherhood, as well as the analysis and synthesis of studies on motherhood, psychological readiness for motherhood, questions of perinatal psychology, theory of psychological readiness for activity. The study involved 156 married pregnant women aged 25 to 35 with higher or secondary specialized education, with a pregnancy period of no less than 24 weeks. The following psychodiagnostic methods were applied: the projective drawing test “I and my child” by G.G. Filippova, the modified Dembo-Rubinstein scale by G.G. Filippova, test of the relationship of pregnant I.V. Dobryakov’s test on relationships for pregnant women, and the authors’ questionnaire for pregnant women. Research results. The diagnostic results indicate that 79,3 % of women examined are conditionally ready for motherhood, 15 % are not ready, and only 5,7 % of respondents can be considered psychologically ready for motherhood. The last group of women is characterized by unconditional acceptance of a child, themselves as a mother, and the situation of motherhood in general. The correlation and factor analysis of the obtained data made it possible to distinguish four groups of the most informative indicators of psychological readiness for motherhood in pregnant women: the peculiarities of the current situation of the woman, the mother-and-child system, family relations and the social and domestic situation. There are also widely presented factors that make it difficult to form a psychological readiness for motherhood: unfavorable experience of relationships with their own parents, difficulties in establishing emotional contact, lack of knowledge and experience in caring for children. There is a need to work with these aspects before pregnancy. Conclusions are drawn on the importance of comprehensive psychological and pedagogical support of a woman on the way to the formation of the maternal sphere of her personality in relation to genesis, which contributes to the development of psychological preparedness for motherhood.
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Čekuolienė, D., R. Jusienė, G. Širvinskienė, O. Zamalijeva, and R. Breidokienė. "MOTINŲ PSICHOLOGINĖS SAVIJAUTOS IR KŪDIKIŲ PROBLEMINIO ELGESIO SĄSAJOS." Psichologija 43 (January 1, 2011): 44–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.15388/psichol.2011.0.2563.
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Motinos psichologinės savijautos įtaka vaiko raidai yra neabejotina. Motinos depresiškumas nėštumo metu bei po gimdymo siejamas su įvairiais kūdikio raidos aspektais, didinančiais vėlesnės psichopatologijos riziką. Tačiau motinos psichologinę savijautą apibūdinančių ir jos elgesį su kūdikiu paveikiančių kintamųjų identifikavimas ir tyrimas bei kompleksinių ryšių tarp motinos charakteristikų ir kūdikio probleminio elgesio rodiklių analizavimas ir šiandien tebėra aktualus, problemiškas psichologų uždavinys. Šio tyrimo tikslas – atskleisti motinų psichologinės savijautos ir kūdikių probleminio elgesio sąsajas. Šis tyrimas yra tęstinės kūdikių fizinės ir psichikos sveikatos studijos dalis. Tyrimo dalyviai – 202 išnešioti kūdikiai ir jų motinos. Buvo atlikta kūdikių motinų anketinė apklausa antrą–trečią dieną po gimdymo bei kūdikiams sulaukus trijų ir šešių mėnesių. Tyrimo rezultatai: struktūrinių lygčių modelis parodė, kad motinų patiriami sunkumai suprasti kūdikių verkimo priežastį darė tiesioginę įtaką trijų–keturių ir šešių–septynių mėnesių kūdikių probleminiam elgesiui ir buvo veikiami motinų depresiškumo. Motinų depresiškumas ir santykiai su vyru / partneriu turėjo netiesioginės įtakos kūdikių probleminiam elgesiui. Probleminis elgesys dažniau buvo būdingas vienišų bei mažesnį išsilavinimą turinčių motinų kūdikiams.Pagrindiniai žodžiai: kūdikiai, motina, psichologinė savijauta, depresiškumas po gimdymo, kūdikių probleminis elgesys.Linking Maternal Psychological State and Infant Problem BehaviorČekuolienė D., Jusienė R., Širvinskienė G., Zamalijeva O., Breidokienė R. Summary The influence of maternal psychological state and emotional well-being on the child’s development is undeniable. Studies have documented an association of maternal depression during pregnancy and postpartum periods with several aspects of adverse infants’ development. Maternal depression is also considered to be a risk factor for individual psychopathology later in life. However, identifying the variables qualifying maternal psychological state and analyzing their complex relations with children problem behavior continues to be a challenging research assignment for psychologists. The main goal of the present study was to examine the manifold relations among the different indices of maternal psychological state and infants’ problem behavior. Participants of the study1 were 202 mothers and their full-term infants. Mothers completed several self-report questionnaires three times: on the 2nd/3rd day after delivery, and when the infants were three months and six months old. The women’s perception of the infant’s difficult behaviors scale (Bornstein et al., 2006) was used when infants were three and six months old. Maternal depression was measured with the Edinburgh postnatal depression scale (Cox et al., 1987) in all three stages of the study. Results: Maternal depressiveness appeared to be the most important aspect of maternal psychological state, strongly linked to the infants’ problem behavior. The data have shown that maternal depressiveness and the quality of relationships with the husband / partner influenced the infants’ behavior through maternal difficulties to understand the reason for the infant’s crying. Maternal depressiveness during the postpartum period and the quality of relationship with the husband / partner has an indirect impact on the infant’s problem behavior, i.e. depressiveness affects the maternal understanding of infant’s crying, and the quality of relationship with the husband / partner has an impact on maternal depressiveness in the postpartum period. The results of structural equation modeling indicate that maternal ability to understand infant crying is the only significant variable having a direct effect on infants’ problem behavior, i.e. difficulties to understand the reasons for the infant’s crying influence the quantity of manifestation of infants’ behavior problems at the age of three and six months. A group comparison has demonstrated that single and lower educated mothers reported significantly more cases of infants’ problem behavior. These results support the theoretical premises and empirical findings that maternal psychological state determines infants’ problem behavior through the mother’s emotional well-being which is closely linked to the family structure and relationship quality. Keywords: infant, mother, psychological state, postnatal depression, infant problem behavior.
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Jarman, Megan, Hazel M. Inskip, Georgia Ntani, Cyrus Cooper, Janis Baird, Sian M. Robinson, and Mary E. Barker. "Influences on the diet quality of pre-school children: importance of maternal psychological characteristics." Public Health Nutrition 18, no. 11 (November 20, 2014): 2001–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s136898001400250x.
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AbstractObjectiveTo test the hypothesis that maternal psychological profiles relate to children’s quality of diet.DesignCross-sectional study. Mothers provided information on their health-related psychological factors and aspects of their child’s mealtime environment. Children’s diet quality was assessed using an FFQ from which weekly intakes of foods and a diet Z-score were calculated. A high score described children with a better quality diet. Cluster analysis was performed to assess grouping of mothers based on psychological factors. Mealtime characteristics, describing how often children ate while sitting at a table or in front of the television, their frequency of takeaway food consumption, maternal covert control and food security, and children’s quality of diet were examined, according to mothers’ cluster membership.SubjectsMother–child pairs (n 324) in the Southampton Initiative for Health. Children were aged 2–5 years.SettingHampshire, UK.ResultsTwo main clusters were identified. Mothers in cluster 1 had significantly higher scores for all psychological factors than mothers in cluster 2 (all P<0·001). Clusters were termed ‘more resilient’ and ‘less resilient’, respectively. Children of mothers in the less resilient cluster ate meals sitting at a table less often (P=0·03) and watched more television (P=0·01). These children had significantly poorer-quality diets (β=−0·61, 95 % CI −0·82, −0·40, P≤0·001). This association was attenuated, but remained significant after controlling for confounding factors that included maternal education and home/mealtime characteristics (P=0·006).ConclusionsThe study suggests that mothers should be offered psychological support as part of interventions to improve children’s quality of diet.
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Lysenko, O. F. "FEATURES OF THE MATERNAL SPHERE OF FEMALE STUDENTS’ PERSONALITY AND ACTIVITIES FOR ITS DEVELOPMENT." Bulletin of Krasnoyarsk State Pedagogical University named after V.P. Astafiev 62, no. 4 (December 30, 2022): 63–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.25146/1995-0861-2022-62-4-369.
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Statement of the problem and the purpose of the article. Students, thinking about possible motherhood, face a number of questions, doubts and the need to discuss them and get reliable and systematized information. But they are forced to search for it on the Internet, where information resources for pregnant women are mainly presented or to search for information in their environment, which does not always have a positive experience of motherhood. Therefore, it is important to study the features of a maternal sphere of female students’ personality and determine possible psychological and pedagogical measures for its formation and development of readiness for motherhood. Materials and methods. The research methodology is composed of G.G. Filippova’s concept of ontogenesis of the maternal need-motivation sphere, the theory of psychological readiness for motherhood (E.V. Matveeva, S.Yu. Meshcheryakova), analysis and generalization of research work on psychology of motherhood. Three diagnostic methods were applied: Questionnaire on the ontogenesis of motherhood (G.G. Filippova, T.Yu. Baranova), projective drawing method “My mom and I in childhood” (G.G. Filippova), essay “My future child and I” using content analysis. The basis of the study is the KSPU named after V.P. Astafyev, Krasnoyarsk. The sample includes 37 female students aged 21–22. Research results. Indicators of formation of the maternal sphere of personality and predictors of psychological readiness for motherhood (PGkM) among female students are indicated. The maternal sphere of personality is quite developed in 37.8 % of girls, relatively developed – in 59.5 % and not enough developed – in 2.7 %. Important aspects at the stage of differentiating motivational foundations in the sexual and parental spheres for the formation of the maternal sphere of a personality are the emotional and evaluative perception of the relationship with a mother in childhood and the experience of interaction with babies; the need and value of a maternal role and a child; interest in information on child development and upbringing; recognition of the importance of professional realization and marital relationships for child birth planning. The importance is justified of solving a number of problems for the development of psychological readiness to motherhood before pregnancy. This indicates the need to create a special training course and an information and methodological portal for psychological and pedagogical support of female students as future mothers. Conclusion. The data obtained make it possible to note the features of the maternal sphere of the personality in female students, to determine the predictors of psychological readiness for motherhood. On the basis of this conclusions are made about the necessary psychological and pedagogical measures for girls and topics for educational activities with future mothers.
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Tooke-Marchant, Jen. "Spontaneous Versus Directing Pushing: An Exploration Of Current Practice, Evidence, Theories And The Potential For Promotion Of Physiological Birth." Practising Midwife 25, no. 7 (July 1, 2022): 14–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.55975/gswb5602.
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In spite of national and local guidelines advocating for spontaneous maternal effort during the second stage of labour, directed pushing is still common in the UK. In this article, relevant research findings will be examined and critically appraised and theories pertinent to sociological and psychological aspects of care will be considered. Through analysing the role of the midwife, the potential for promotion of normality will be discussed.
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Mina, T. H., M. Lahti, A. J. Drake, K. Räikkönen, H. Minnis, F. C. Denison, J. E. Norman, and R. M. Reynolds. "Prenatal exposure to very severe maternal obesity is associated with adverse neuropsychiatric outcomes in children." Psychological Medicine 47, no. 2 (October 25, 2016): 353–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0033291716002452.
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BackgroundPrenatal maternal obesity has been linked to adverse childhood neuropsychiatric outcomes, including increased symptoms of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), internalizing and externalizing problems, affective disorders and neurodevelopmental problems but few studies have studied neuropsychiatric outcomes among offspring born to very severely obese women or assessed potential familial confounding by maternal psychological distress.MethodWe evaluated neuropsychiatric symptoms in 112 children aged 3–5 years whose mothers had participated in a longitudinal study of obesity in pregnancy (50 very severe obesity, BMI ⩾40 kg/m2, obese class III and 62 lean, BMI 18.5–25 kg/m2). The mothers completed the Conners’ Hyperactivity Scale, Early Symptomatic Syndrome Eliciting Neurodevelopmental Clinical Examination Questionnaire (ESSENCE-Q), Child's Sleep Habits Questionnaire (CSHQ), Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ), and Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL) to assess child neuropsychiatric symptoms. Covariates included child's sex, age, birthweight, gestational age, socioeconomic deprivation levels, maternal age, parity, smoking status during pregnancy, gestational diabetes and maternal concurrent symptoms of anxiety and depression assessed using State Anxiety of Spielberger State-Trait Anxiety Index (STAI) and General Health Questionnaire (GHQ), respectively.ResultsChildren exposed to prenatal maternal very severe obesity had significantly higher scores in the Conners’ Hyperactivity Scale; ESSENCE-Q; total sleep problems in CSHQ; hyperactivity, conduct problems and total difficulties scales of the SDQ; higher externalizing and total problems, anxious/depressed, aggressive behaviour and other problem syndrome scores and higher DSM-oriented affective, anxiety and ADHD problems in CBCL. Prenatal maternal very severe obesity remained a significant predictor of child neuropsychiatric problems across multiple scales independent of demographic factors, prenatal factors and maternal concurrent symptoms of anxiety and depression.ConclusionsPrenatal maternal very severe obesity is a strong predictor of increased neuropsychiatric problems in early childhood.
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Mesa Mesa, Susana, Alejandra Gómez García, Luisa Fernanda Naranjo Pérez, Laura Tobón Montoya, María Victoria Ocampo Saldarriaga, Juan David Velásquez Tirado, Gustavo Adolfo Constaín González, Carmenza Ricardo Ramírez, Yeison Felipe Gutiérrez Vélez, and José Gabriel Franco Vásquez. "Psychological stress in mothers of neonates admitted to an intensive care unit." Salud mental 44, no. 5 (October 21, 2021): 241–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.17711/sm.0185-3325.2021.031.
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Introduction. The admission of the newborn to a neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) leads to maternal stress. This stress has deleterious consequences on the mother and the appropriate attachment with her child. Objective. To assess the relationship of mothers’ sociodemographic, clinical, psychological, and psychiatric factors, as well as neonates’ clinical aspects with the level of psychological stress perceived by mothers of neonates admitted to the NICU. Method. Cross-sectional study with 47 women over the age of 18, whose infants had been admitted to a NICU during the last 72 hours. Bivariate correlations and a multivariate linear model with the significant variables in the bivariate analyses where performed. Results. According to the multivariate model, the perception of loneliness and the presence of at least one psychiatric diagnosis (depressive episode, dysthymia, generalized anxiety disorder, adjustment disorder, acute stress disorder, or substance use disorder) were associated with maternal stress. Problem-focused coping strategies were relevant within the model and could have protective value against stress. The model explained 73.5% of the stress severity variance (F 38.848; p
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Yiannopoulou, Konstantina G., Aikaterini I. Anastasiou, Konstantinos Kontoangelos, Charalambos Papageorgiou, and Ioannis P. Anastasiou. "Cognitive and Psychological Impacts of Different Treatment Options for Prostate Cancer: A Critical Analysis." Current Urology 14, no. 4 (2020): 169–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000499242.
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<b><i>Objectives: </i></b>Psychological morbidity as well as cognitive impairment are increasingly reported in prostate cancer (PCa) patients. However, despite growing numbers of PCa survivors and the well estimated negative impact of cognitive decline and emotional distress on survivors' quality of life, no study has assessed the whole range of cognitive and psychological sequelae as a response to treatment options for PCa. The objective of the present review was to systematically characterize the types and estimate the prevalence of the cognitive impairment and emotional burdens that were found in PCa survivors secondary to different treatment options. <b><i>Methods: </i></b>Systematic, general reviews, meta-analysis, and overviews of review studies in English, that were published in PubMed during the last 10 years until l August 2019 and that reported psychological distress, anxiety, depression, cognitive decline, or dementia among individuals with PCa exposed to a particular treatment option were analyzed. <b><i>Results: </i></b>A total of 21 articles were reviewed. Some of the studies described one or more cognitive or psychological consequences of only one therapeutic strategy while others compared the psychological impacts among different strategies. Most of these studies suggested that either radical prostatectomy or active surveillance and radiotherapy were well-tolerated treatments in terms of psychological modifications. However, many of these patients may require additional emotional support. There is also increasing evidence that androgen deprivation therapy may be associated with depression, while controversy surrounding the association between cognitive dysfunction, dementia, and androgen deprivation therapy remains ambivalent. <b><i>Conclusion: </i></b>Emotional distress and cognitive decline may accompany every PCa treatment option to different degrees. Accurate information on the short- and long-term effect of treatments on cognitive and psychological aspects should be provided to patients during treatment decision-making. There is also a need to develop well-targeted psychological and neurological interventions that could help those experiencing ongoing post-treatment difficulties.
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Bedük, Selçuk. "Missing Dimensions of Poverty? Calibrating Deprivation Scales Using Perceived Financial Situation." European Sociological Review 36, no. 4 (April 17, 2020): 562–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/esr/jcaa004.
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Abstract Deprivation scales usually cover some but not all aspects of poverty. Missing dimensions could affect who is and is not identified as poor. Despite its importance, whether missing dimensions affect the measurement of poverty has not been empirically examined in the EU context. Such an examination requires data on missing dimensions that existing surveys do not usually collect. In this article, I get around this problem with an innovative design and using the rich content of the British Household Panel Survey (1999–2008). I use perceived financial inadequacy as a proxy for poverty and show that, independent of the deprivation status, having a need in healthcare, childcare, social care, or education increases the risk of reporting financial inadequacy. The main explanations for these effects are extra spending and reduced earnings of the families (as a response to having extra needs), and not other biases that might arise from using a self-assessed proxy measure such as scale heterogeneity, personality traits, state dependence, anticipations, or psychological negativity. These findings demonstrate the need for more comprehensive measures. Unless relevant indicators of missing dimensions (e.g. cost-related unmet needs in healthcare) are included in the analysis, deprivation scales might fail to identify some people experiencing poverty.
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Khasanah, Uswatun. "The Relationship Between Midwife Performance and the Level of Maternal Statisfaction at the Puskesmas of Sarwodadi Kabupaten Pemalang." Journal of Midwifery Science: Basic and Applied Research 2, no. 1 (July 13, 2020): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.31983/jomisbar.v2i1.5929.
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This research aimed to determine correlation between midwife performance and maternal sastisfaction in Sarwodadi Public Health Centre Pemalang Regency. The corresponding research design used descriptive correlative with cross sectional approach. Sample of research were maternal labor in Sarwodadi Public Health Centre Pemalang Regency as many as 32 people. The sampling technique used accidental sampling. The data collecting instrument used questionnaire. The result showed that 50% respondents said that good midwifes performance and 50% respondents said that it was lacking. There were 68,8% respondents were dissatisfied, but 31,3% respondents were satisfied. There correlation between midwife performance and maternal sastisfaction in Sarwodadi Public Health Centre Pemalang Regency (ρ value: 0,008). Recommendations are given to health workers to improve the quality of delivery services and the provision of midwifery services by considering psychological aspects
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Băcilă, C., C. Anghel, and D. Vulea. "Ethical aspects in the management of postpartum depression." Sæculum 47, no. 1 (July 1, 2019): 227–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/saec-2019-0022.
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AbstractPostpartum depression is a relatively frequent psychiatric pathology that involves some challenges in the management and treatment of the case due to the increased risk of suicide and infanticide. Having a relatively early postpartum onset within 4-12 weeks, this pathology may have psychological, social and family repercussions in the long term, both on mother and father, but especially on the child. Postpartum depression is a relatively frequent psychiatric pathology involving some challenges in managing and treating the case due to the increased risk of suicide and infanticide. Having a relatively early postpartum onset within 4-12 weeks, this pathology may have psychological, social and family repercussions in the long term, both on the mother and father, but especially on the child.Postpartum depression manifests with symptoms typical of all depressive episodes, such as depressed mood, irritability, low tolerance to frustration, anxiety, hypersomnia, but also more specific symptoms such as feelings and guilty thoughts about correct child development, lack of empathy, lack of maternal behavior. Emotional, socio-cultural and physiological factors play an important role in the onset of this symptomatology.Postpartum depression raises ethical concerns about the proper conduct of the doctor. In this article we will address both deontological aspects such as doctor-patient confidentiality, suicide and infanticide, as well as the legal aspects that may occur in such situations. Thus, postpartum depression is a therapeutic challenge because of the multiple social, family and legal interferences it presents.
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Pratiwi, Astari Laras. "FENOMENA PASUNG TERHADAP ORANG DENGAN GANGGUAN JIWA (ODGJ)." Jurnal Kesehatan Saintika Meditory 5, no. 1 (May 20, 2022): 13. http://dx.doi.org/10.30633/jsm.v5i1.1361.
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Introduction: Shackling is an action that limits the movement and activities of people with mental disorders. Pasung occurs a lot in developing countries, including Indonesia. Pasung is a regressive act of the basic rights of persons with physical or mental disabilities. Methods: The research method used is literature review, namely literature collected from various sources such as books, scientific articles, and journals related to the phenomenon of pasung in patients with mental disorders. Result: Deprivation is an act of restricting the movement of a person who has impaired mental function and behavior by means of physical restraint for an indefinite period of time which causes limited fulfillment of the basic needs of a decent life, including health, education, and work for that person. Deprivation of people with mental disorders (ODGJ) is still common in Indonesia. Pasung that is carried out has an impact, both on the physical, psychological, and social aspects. Conclusion: Currently, shackling continues to occur in the country when in fact Indonesia has banned the practice of shackling since 1977.Keywords: Mental Health, Pasung, People with Mental Disorders
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McShane, Kelly E., and Paul D. Hastings. "The New Friends Vignettes: Measuring parental psychological control that confers risk for anxious adjustment in preschoolers." International Journal of Behavioral Development 33, no. 6 (May 6, 2009): 481–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0165025409103874.
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This investigation examined the links between preschoolers’ internalizing problems and anxiety-related social difficulties and two aspects of maternal and paternal psychological control: overprotection and critical control. Some 115 mothers and 92 fathers completed the New Friends Vignettes (NFV), a new measure of psychological control and supportive parenting designed to assess parenting relevant to young children’s internalizing problems and anxiety. Children’s anxious behaviors with peers at daycare or preschool were observed, mothers reported on preschoolers’ internalizing problems, and teachers reported on children’s internalizing problems and isolated behaviors. The NFV scales demonstrated good internal consistency and one-year test—retest reliability for mothers and fathers, and moderate convergent validity with observed parenting for mothers. Maternal overprotection and paternal critical control predicted more internalizing problems and anxious adjustment in preschoolers, with some associations being stronger for sons than daughters. Conversely, paternal supportiveness predicted fewer internalizing difficulties at preschool in daughters only. Children’s anxious behaviors predicted increasing paternal overprotection, and their internalizing problems at home and preschool tended to predict increasing maternal overprotection and critical control. Results support the reliability and validity of the New Friends Vignettes, and are indicative of parent differences in socialization processes, gender differences in risk for internalizing problems, and possible bidirectional pathways of influence in the socialization of internalizing trajectories.
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Ödek, Uğur, Kürşat Özcan, Gonca Özyurt, and Selçuk Akpinar. "Psychological Benefits of Equine-Facilitated Activities for Children Diagnosed with Cerebral Palsy." Sport Mont 20, no. 1 (February 1, 2022): 31–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.26773/smj.220206.
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Equine-facilitated activities (EFA) are generally considered to be an alternative treatment method by using the natural body form, gait and behavior of horses. EFA have been used for many years to treat and to improve the living conditions of people with disorders or disabilities such as autism, cerebral palsy (CP), arthritis, multiple sclerosis, stroke, spinal cord injury, behavioral and psychiatric disorders. This study aims to examine the effects of adaptive riding (AR), which is a subdiscipline under EFA, on anxiety, empathy, aggression, and emotional regulation of children diagnosed with cerebral palsy. Maternal depression and anxiety level measurements were also included in the study. Twenty children with CP, between 7 and 10 years old and their mothers participated in the study. They were randomly assigned to one of two groups (intervention and control) consisting of 10 participants. Pre and post measurements were implemented at the beginning and at the end of 8 weeks of AR intervention. The Screen for Anxiety Related Emotional Disorders, Bryant Index of Empathy Measurement for Children and Adolescents, Buss-Perry Aggression Questionnaire, Beck Depression Inventory, The State-Trait Anxiety Inventory were used to measure the psychological and emotional status of the participants and depression, anxiety levels of mothers. Aggression, anxiety, and maternal depression decreased; empathy and emotional regulation improved in the intervention group. No significant differences found in the control group. This study provides strong evidence that an 8-week AR intervention has positive effects on children with cerebral palsy. Significant improvements regarding both maternal and children’s psychological and emotional aspects showed how an alternative therapy with animals can be constructive.
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Yastrebova, L. A., V. I. Lahmotkina, and I. A. Maslova. "Assessment of psychological and speech development in early childhood." SHS Web of Conferences 113 (2021): 00092. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/shsconf/202111300092.
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The article discusses and describes in detail topical problems of psychological and speech development of young children. The relevance of this issue is associated with an increase in the number of children with problems in the development of speech already in the first years of life. A brief overview of studies on the formation of functional systems and higher cortical functions in ontogenesis, as well as applied aspects of assessing the psychological and speech development of young children is presented. The authors of the article conducted an experimental study, the results of which showed a visible lag behind the age normative indicators of psychomotor and speech development in children of the test group. Qualitative and quantitative analysis of the obtained data showed that the pathogenetic basis of the existing disorders was delayed maturation of brain structures and functions against the background of chronic maternal diseases, unfavorable course of pregnancy, general somatic weakening and neurological status.
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Rizki, Fajar Khaifi, and D. Shahreiza. "Legal extension of the impact bullying in school Madrasah Tsanawiyah (MTs) and Madrasah Aliyah (MA) Hj. Siti Julia Foundation Secanggang village Kabupaten Langkat." ABDIMAS TALENTA: Jurnal Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat 5, no. 1 (May 30, 2020): 80–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.32734/abdimastalenta.v5i1.4028.
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In general, the term Bullying is synonymous with acts of violence against children that occur at school. In other words, Bullying is defined as aggressive behavior carried out repeatedly by a person or group of students who have power over other students / students who are weaker with the aim of hurting that person. In Article 1 number 16 of Law Number 35 of 2014 concerning Amendment to Law Number 23 of 2002 concerning Protection of Children, violence is any act against a child which results in physical, psychological, sexual abuse and / or neglect , including threats to commit acts, coercion or deprivation of liberty unlawfully. Based on the provisions in the article above, it can be concluded that bullying is included in the form of violence against children. Considering bullying acts of violence against children, according to the Child Protection Act (UUPA) bullying is a criminal offense. Bullying can be subject to criminal sanctions in the form of imprisonment for a maximum of 3 (three) years 6 (six) months and / or a maximum fine of Rp. 72,000,000. On the other hand, BAL also has a civil aspect, namely the granting of rights to victims of violence (bullying) to demand material / in material compensation for perpetrators of violence. This is regulated in Article 71 D paragraph (1) jo Article 59 paragraph (2) letter i of the Law. 35/2014.