Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Matériaux en titane et composites'
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Barbier, Eric. "Elaboration et caractérisation de céramiques composites carbonitrure de titane-zircone." Lyon, INSA, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991ISAL0069.
Full textHot pressing sinterability and mechanical properties of the titanium carbonitride-zirconia binary system have been studied using the methodology of research. An. Optimal design has allowed to describe, explatn and modelize with polynomial functions the properties evolution by elaboration and characterization of a few number of compositions in a ternary diagram: zirconia, carbide and nitride of titanium. Hot-pressing sinterability increases with zirconia content. Mechanical properties are linked ta the transformation of zirconia. Zirconia is stabilized by nitrogen for the highest stntering temperatues. For a composition showing good mechanical properties, the specific area of zirconia, the stabilizer content and the hot-pressing parameters have been optimized ta improve these properties. Thermal shock resistance has been also studied. Finally it has been found that the electrical resistivity of composites follows the LANDAUER model
El, Aoud Bouthaina. "Etude et optimisation de l'usinage par faisceau laser des alliages de titane et des matériaux composites intermétalliques à base de titane." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019SACLC048.
Full textLaser technology has been widely used in the aeronautics industry since the 1980s. Laser cutting, as a material removal process, offers more advantages than conventional cutting processes. Among the contributions of the laser, the absence of mechanical contact with the material, a limitation of contamination of the materials and a high production due to a high cutting speed. Titanium alloys and titanium-based intermetallic composites have an important role in the field of science and engineering, making it possible to satisfy advanced manufacturing activities in the aerospace industries. Improvement of this manufacturing process is desirable to increase technical performance and economic interest. The present framework focused on study and analysis of the effects of laser beam machining parameters on the surface integrity in terms of quality and morphology of several materials, such as pure titanium, titanium alloysTi-6Al-4V and Ti6242 and the titanium-based intermetallic composite to optimize laser cutting conditions.Selection of cutting parameters in the laser machining process such as laser power, cutting speed, assist gas pressure is important to ensure machining accuracy and microstructure , roughness, heat affected zone, kerf width, microhardness and rate of removal of material improvement, resulting from the mechanical and thermal stresses undergone during the different stages of production.This study is based on an empirical approach involving the experimental design methodology (ANOVA, Taguchi), the fuzzy logic technique and the multicriteria decision methods (FTOPSIS, GRA) aiming at optimizing laser cutting conditions in order to maximize production by ensuring better manufacturing quality
Mereib, Diaa. "Fabrication et caractérisation des matériaux composites lamellaires à matrice Ti et TA6V." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018BORD0025/document.
Full textLearning from nature, biological design has become one of the prevailing ideas in developing new generations of synthetic materials. In the strengthening and toughening exploration of composite materials, nacre lamellar structure may serves as a model system of tremendous interest. A novel powder metallurgy (PM) strategy, called flake PM, was developed to fabricate bulk metal matrix composite materials with laminated structure.The aims of this thesis is the use of flakes PM (using ball milling and SPS sintering), for the fabrication of biomimetic titanium and titanium alloys nacre’s laminated structures and of titanium/carbon composite materials. This process showed the possibility of the fabrication of laminar material with anisotropic microstructure. We proved the advantages of the layer’s architecture on the improvement of Ti and TA6V mechanical properties (hardness) with hardness anisotropy between the cross section and the longitudinal one. The hardness of this material is related to the thickness of the "flakes" which is controlled by the time of BM. This strengthening was also attributed to the flake thickness, the refined microstructure and the hardening of the lamellar material.We showed also the possibility of fabrication of in-situ Ti/TiC laminated composite materials using BM (in the presence of stearic acid) and SPS sintering, with the possibility of the control of TiC content by controlling the BM conditions (BM time and stearic acid amount). This composite material exhibit improvement of the hardness and Young’s modulus, attributed to the TiC phase formed
El, Bouami Souhail. "Contribution à l'optimisation du perçage des multi-matériaux CFRP/Al2198 et CFRP/Ti6Al4V." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Amiens, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017AMIE0040.
Full textThe manufacturing of hybrid structures composite and metal parts aims to combine resistance to multiple stresses and to limit overall weight, particularly in the aviation industry. The significant differences in mechanical behavior that exist between the two types of materials must be taken into account in drilling operations of a hybrid structure. The objective of this thesis is to develop, based on the experimentation, tools and an associated drilling strategy for the CFRP/Al2198 and CFRP/Ti6Al4V hybrid structures. A study of the impact of the morphology of the tool and the machining strategy revealed a link between the morphology of the drill used and the cutting conditions, on the one hand, and the quality of the hole drilled and the thrust force, on the other hand. The tools proposed, at the first step, combine different existing morphologies (twist, square and step drill). In a second step, a tool meeting the requirements was developed and associated with a new machining strategy comprising three phases (roughing, ½ finishing and finishing). Finally, delamination at the exit of the hole remains a major concern when drilling carbon composites, an analytical model allowing the calculation of the critical force before delamination has been proposed. This work is part of Industrilab project financed by the Hauts de France Region and led by STELIA
Magny, Christophe. "Étude et modélisation de l'élaboration de matériaux composites à matrice base titane par la voie feuillard/fibre/feuillard." ENSMP, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996ENMP0675.
Full textEl, Bouami Souhail. "Contribution à l'optimisation du perçage des multi-matériaux CFRP/Al2198 et CFRP/Ti6Al4V." Thesis, Amiens, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017AMIE0040/document.
Full textThe manufacturing of hybrid structures composite and metal parts aims to combine resistance to multiple stresses and to limit overall weight, particularly in the aviation industry. The significant differences in mechanical behavior that exist between the two types of materials must be taken into account in drilling operations of a hybrid structure. The objective of this thesis is to develop, based on the experimentation, tools and an associated drilling strategy for the CFRP/Al2198 and CFRP/Ti6Al4V hybrid structures. A study of the impact of the morphology of the tool and the machining strategy revealed a link between the morphology of the drill used and the cutting conditions, on the one hand, and the quality of the hole drilled and the thrust force, on the other hand. The tools proposed, at the first step, combine different existing morphologies (twist, square and step drill). In a second step, a tool meeting the requirements was developed and associated with a new machining strategy comprising three phases (roughing, ½ finishing and finishing). Finally, delamination at the exit of the hole remains a major concern when drilling carbon composites, an analytical model allowing the calculation of the critical force before delamination has been proposed. This work is part of Industrilab project financed by the Hauts de France Region and led by STELIA
Ezeddini, Sonia. "Optimisation de l'usinage par le procédé d'électroérosion à fil des alliages de titane et des matériaux composites à base de titane appliqués à l'aéronautique." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018SACLC105.
Full textEDM machining is a process for the removal of material by melting, spraying and erosion, which is reserved for conductive and semiconductor materials.It can be used for machining metals and alloys, hardened steels, ceramic alloys, metal carbides, some ceramics and even harder materials such as polycrystalline diamond. The heated part has its mechanical characteristics drop, which increases its machinability. The work carried out focused on the influence of WEDM machining on surface integrity, machinability, productivity and process precision, of several materials: pure titanium, Ti6Al4V alloy, composite intermetallicTi-Al based, Ti17 composite and Ti6242 composite.In ripping, and more precisely in finishing, the process is characterized by a flow of material,kerf width, surface hardening, heat affected zone and surface condition varying with discharge current, pulse time and voltage, cutting speed, lubricant injection pressure and wire tension.In fact, the machining conditions of metal-based composite materials and titanium alloys have been modeled and optimized to improve machined surface integrity, increase productivity, and improve process accuracy. Subsequently, meet the quality and safety requirements of aeronautical parts.Methods such as Experimental Design, Taguchi and Surface of Response were used for calibration and process control parameters and operating conditions
Li, Xiaolei. "Revêtements à base de titane de substrats plans d'oxydes céramiques (silice, alumine et mullite) : interaction revêtement-matrice métallique (Al, Ti)." Lyon 1, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990LYO10129.
Full textBardet, Matthieu. "Elaboration de matériaux composites à matric Titane et à nano-renforts TiC et TiB par différents procédés de métallurgie des poudres : frittage par hydruration/dehydruration et déformation plastique sévère (Equal Channel Angular Pressing (ECAP))." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014BORD0026/document.
Full textTitanium based composites using nano-sized reinforcements are goodcandidates for the improvement in mechanical properties without affecting ductility. Thisstudy is dedicated to fabrication and characterisation of Ti-based composites using twodifferent powder metallurgy processes: Densification using severe plastic deformation viaEqual Channel Angular Pressing (ECAP) and Hydrogenation/Dehydrogenation (HDH)sintering processes (pressureless sintering and hot pressing).ECAP is a fast process basedon a severe plastic deformation of material at relatively low temperature. HDH processes usethe dehydrogenation of Ti as a leverage of the sintering. The different nanosizedreinforcements used in this study are the TiC spherical particles and the whisker shaped TiB.This study shows the influence of either the reinforcement nature and type, and the powdermetallurgy processes used, on the final microstructure and properties of the dense materials
Kinadjian, Natacha. "Chimie intégrative dédiée aux morphosynthèses de matériaux composites multi-échelles et études de leurs applications en photoluminescence, photocatalyse et photovoltaïque." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014BORD0049/document.
Full textThe shaping of functional materials and the control of their texture at all length scales are sine qua non conditions for the improvement of current systems. This PhD project consists in creating complex solid architectures using interdisciplinary methods such as sol-gel chemistry or complex fluids physics. Therefore, it is possible to synthesize Titanium Dioxide macroscopic fibers orfilms which possess a hierarchical porosity. This organization allows the optimization of the matter transport (liquid/gaz) for air depollution application (photocatalysis) or dye-sensitizedsolar cells. In another project, we were able to control the alignment of zinc oxide nanorods within a macroscopic fiber. This alignment provides to the fiber an anisotropic photoluminescence behavior which can be useful for switching devices application. Finally, we synthesized anisotropic particles and nano-sheets of polypyrrole (conducting polymer) in order to obtain smooth thin films presenting interesting electrical properties. The objective was to use them as electrolyte and/or electrode in dye-sensitized solar cells
Della, Martina Fabrice. "Elaboration, stabilité physico-chimique et comportement mécanique de matériaux composites à base d'aluminures de titane renforcés par des filaments de carbure de silicium." Bordeaux 1, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993BOR10590.
Full textEven, Christophe. "Conception, élaboration et caractérisation d'un matériau composite à matrice de titane renforcée par des fibres continues de carbone." Phd thesis, Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux I, 2000. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00003634.
Full textRopars, Ludovic. "Composites à matrice titane et renforts TiB élaborés par métallurgie des poudres : cinétique de transformations des phases, formation des microstructures et propriétés mécaniques." Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LORR0327/document.
Full textThe work done in this PhD thesis aims at the understanding of, on the one hand, the structural and microstructural evolutions of a TiB reinforced titanium matrix composite during the various steps and treatments of the powder metallurgy route used to produce it, and, on the other hand, the link between the microstructures and the mechanical properties for this material. The phase transformation kinetics, in the matrix and in the reinforcement, were characterised using in situ high energy XRD, during these treatments. Microstructural analysis, using SEM, SEM-EBSD and TEM (EDX and EELS) complete the XRD analysis. The matrix phase transformation kinetics were shown to be highly impacted by the processing route (a 300°C shift toward the high temperatures is found for the ß transus temperature). This shift has been linked with an increase in interstitial elements, coming from the powder mechanical alloying and from the interstitials in the TiB2 powder used to produce the TiB. The in situ study also helped in clarifying the transformation sequence of the TiB2 into TiB-27, via the formation of the metastable phase TiB-Bf. SEM and TEM analysis allowed to get access to and discuss the morphological and spatial evolutions of the phases (matrix and borides) during the various treatments and to characterise the chemical composition of the borides. A transformation sequence has been proposed. Finally, in a last part, composite materials were elaborated and submitted to defined heat treatments. The link between the static mechanical properties and the morphological and texture evolutions in the matrix and in the borides, was discussed. Some treatments were proposed to reach optimum mechanical properties
Huber, Christophe. "Synthèse et caractérisation de nouveaux matériaux ferroélectriques accordables pour applications hyperfréquences." Phd thesis, Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux I, 2003. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00203599.
Full textEzziani, Youness. "Caractérisatiοn ultrasοnοre haute résοlutiοn d’un film adhésif dans un assemblage aérοnautique." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Normandie, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024NORMLH14.
Full textThis thesis focuses on the characterization of the properties of an adhesive film in a three-layer aeronautical assembly of the Titanium-Adhesive-Composite type, representative of the fan blade in the LEAP engine. The main objective is to accurately determine the thickness of the adhesive film, its mechanical properties, and the quality of adhesion it provides between the titanium and the composite, using high-frequency, and therefore high-resolution, non-destructive ultrasonic methods. However, this precise determination of the thickness of the bonded joint and its mechanical properties, which are key indicators of the quality of the bond, remains an unresolved technological challenge in the aeronautical industry due to the significant impedance contrast in this type of structure : high between the titanium and the adhesive, and low between the adhesive and the composite. Therefore, the challenge of this thesis is to address the detection of the background echo at the Adhesive-Composite interface at high frequency. This challenge is further complicated by the significant attenuation associated with high frequencies. It is essential to find an optimal compromise between a frequency high enough to match the wavelength to the thickness of the adhesive, but not too high, in order to detect the background echoes, particularly the background echo at the Adhesive-Composite interface, with a sufficiently exploitable amplitude. Initially, a qualitative study was conducted on six three-layer samples (TA6V-Epoxy-Composite, provided by Safran) using the PVA TEPLA 301 scanning acoustic microscope (SAM), which allows the precise measurement of the epoxy adhesive film's thickness and the assessment of the quality of the adhesion by analyzing the background echo of the epoxy film and examining the amount of energy transmitted to the composite layer using X-scan imaging. Different levels of adhesion were identified : strong, medium, and weak. A quantitative study was then carried out using an interphase model solved by the Debye series method, which allowed for the quantification of the adhesion levels in these samples: a strong adhesion level for sample 2 with adhesion coefficients (α = 1 and β = 1), a weak adhesion level for sample 1 with (α = 1 and β = 10⁻³), and a medium adhesion level for samples 3, 4, 5 and 6 with α = 1 and intermediate β values
Nenez, Sandrine. "Céramiques diélectriques commandables pour applications micro-ondes : composites à base de titanate de baryum-strontium et d'un oxyde non ferroélectrique." Phd thesis, Dijon, 2001. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00357880/en/.
Full textDes céramiques à grains nanométriques de BSTO, pour comparaison à des céramiques à grains microniques obtenues par frittage conventionnel, ont été réalisées par pressage à chaud de poudres broyées par attrition. L'hypothèse que ces céramiques amélioreraient les performances des dispositifs microondes s'est avérée inexacte. Une réduction des permittivités est observée mais au détriment de la commandabilité et des pertes. Les céramiques à grains micrométriques de BSTO dopées Mn ont conduit aux meilleures performances. Cependant, les pertes mesurées atteindraient une valeur limite basse lors de l'optimisation du matériau ; il s'agirait de pertes intrinsèques au matériau dues à une relaxation diélectrique de type dipolaire dans la gamme des GHz. Il faudra le vérifier par des mesures en infra-rouge.
Les températures de Curie (Tc) chutent drastiquement lors de l'ajout de MgTiO3 ou MgO, montrant une réaction entre les oxydes - observée par DRX seulement pour les céramiques à base de MgTiO3. Une faible interdiffusion abaisse donc largement Tc, et de ce fait la permittivité, et dégrade la commandabilité. Pour pallier ces problèmes, une structure multicouche est testée. Un affinement des dopages des composites pourrait aussi améliorer les performances.
Gorsse, Stéphane. "De nouvelles approches sur les matériaux composites à matrice de titane." Bordeaux 1, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999BOR10556.
Full textMaccioni, Pierre. "Influence des matrices résistives sur la stabilité des composites supraconducteurs." Rennes, INSA, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990ISAR0001.
Full textDebray, Karl. "Amélioration du couplage fibre-matrice au sein de matériaux composites composites à matrice d'alliage de titane." Bordeaux 1, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995BOR1A519.
Full textDebray, Karl. "Amélioration du couplage fibre-matrice au sein de matériaux composites composites à matrice d'alliage de titane." Bordeaux 1, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995BOR10695.
Full textLegrand, Nicolas. "Fatigue de composites à matrice métallique base titane à renfort unidirectionnel de fibres SiC." ENSMP, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997ENMP0844.
Full textThe primary objective of this work is to understand the physical origin of fatigue fracture at high temperature of metal matrix composites SCS6/Ti6-4, SM1140+/Ti6242 and SCS6/Ti6242. The fatigue behaviour of the material is studied in longitudinal (loading parallel to the fiber axis) and transverse (loading perpendicular to the fiber axis) orientations. In longitudinal fatigue, performed at 450 and 550°C on SCS6/Ti6-4 and SM1140+/Ti6242, three major damage mechanisms were identified : the global load transfer from matrix to fibers due to matrix cyclic softening (mechanism n°1), the local interfacial degradation close to broken (mechanim n°2) and the infuence of environment on mechanical fiber properties (mechanism n°3). Damage kinetics of these different mechanisms were identified experimentally using microscopic observations and acoustic emisson technic. A micromechanical modelling, taking into account of the statistical behaviour of fibers has confirmed and quantified influence of these mechanisms on fatigue fracture of the composite : with this model, it was demonstrated that for sufficiently high fatigue loadings (stress up to 1000 MPa), the local interfacial degradation near fiber failures may control fatigue life of the composite. At last, based on experimental acoustic emissions results, this modeling enables to predict both damage kinetics and rupture in fatigue. It is thus an interesting numerical tool to improve and optimize composite fatigue properties. As far as the transverse fatigue is concerned, it was determined in isothermal (at 600°C) and in non isothermal (between 200 and 600°C) conditions. In that orientation, damage mechanisms are due to interfacial debondings and slidings and oxidation of the carbon interface. A simple one dimensionnal "3 bars" model has been formulated (taking into account matrix viscoplasticity). It has demonstrated that cyclic viscoplasticity plays a key role in fatigue fracture along this orientation
Ben, Daia Mouloud. "Propriétés mécaniques et tribologiques des multicouches nanométriques de type métal/céramique : cas des multicouches titane/nitrure de titane et aluminium/alumine." Evry-Val d'Essonne, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000EVRY0023.
Full textRapaud, Olivier. "Nouvelles interphases pour matériaux composites céramiques : revêtements multicouches nanoséquencés (PyC-TIC)n." Lyon 1, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002LYO10169.
Full textBalanger, Benoît. "Caractérisation des propriétés mécaniques de composites renforcés de fibres de lin fonctionnalisées par traitement au dioxyde de titane." Mémoire, Université de Sherbrooke, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/11143/5971.
Full textMagnant, Jérôme. "Composites fibreux denses à matrice céramique autocicatrisante élaborés par des procédés hybrides." Thesis, Bordeaux 1, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010BOR14105/document.
Full textThe fabrication of multidirectional continuous carbon fibers reinforced dense self healing Ceramic Matrix Composites by new short time hybrid processes was studied. The processes developed are based, first, on the deposition of fiber interphase and coating by chemical vapor infiltration, next, on the introduction of ceramic powders into the fibrous preform by Slurry Impregnation and, finally, on the densification of the composite by liquid-phase Spark Plasma Sintering (SPS) or by Reactive Melt Infiltration of silicon (RMI).The homogeneous introduction of the ceramic particles into the multidirectional fiber preforms was realized by slurry impregnation from highly concentrated (> 32 %vol.) and well dispersed aqueous colloid suspensions. The densification of the composites by spark plasma sintering was possible with a short (< 5 minutes) dwelling period in temperature. The chemical degradation of the carbon fibers during the fabrication was prevented by adapting the sintering pressure cycle to inhibit gas evolution inside the system. The composites elaborated are dense. The fully densification of the composites by RMI was realised by carefully controlling the impregnation parameters to avoid to entrap some gaseous species inside the fiber preforms. Our carbon fiber reinforced ceramic matrix composites processed by Spark Plasma Sintering or Reactive Melt Infiltration have a damageable mechanical behaviour with a room temperature bending stress at failure around 300 MPa and have shown their ability to self-healing in oxidizing conditions. Compared to the CMC processed by CVI, the composites processed with a final consolidation step by RMI are fully dense and have a similar room temperature tensile test behaviour with an ultimate tensile stress around 220 MPa
Montoya, Maxime. "Optimisation du perçage de multi-matériaux CFRP/Titane et/ou Aluminium." Thesis, Paris, ENSAM, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013ENAM0019/document.
Full textThe proposed research topic is a preliminary study to minimize costs of drilling operation in multi-materials stacks as CFRP/Al and CFRP/Ti. In order to minimize these costs, it is initially necessary to understand the cutting tools wear mechanisms and the phenomenon leading to the non-conformity of the drilled hole. In this way, drilling tests were carried out. The instrumentation of this tests allow to access to the cutting forces and to the temperature achieved during the cutting process.In association, analyses devices were used to monitored the holes quality. The cutting tools wear mechanisms were observed through scanning electron microscope. The access of the cutting edge profile, by the measures achieved on a numerical microscope, allows quantifying the tool wear.The temperature fields near the tool/chip interface influence significantly the tool life. They are difficult to reach by experimentation, but can be obtained using numerical simulation of the workpiece thermal solicitations. The model developed allow, by inverse method, to reach the hole wall temperature using the temperature reach at 4mm of it. The temperature field was obtained and the tendencies observed experimentally were confirmed by this model
Texier, Gwénael. "Elaborations et caracterisations micro et nanostructurales d'alliages a base de titane a destination biomedicale." Rennes, INSA, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005ISAR0020.
Full textThis work deals with new titanium-based alloys for biomedical applications. We have chosen to elaborate beta-metastable type alloys due to their mechanical properties more suitable for a use as biomaterials. These alloys were synthesized by using biocompatible elements like tantalum, molybdenum and iron. The different phase transformations upon heating were characterized and particularly the appearance of nanostructured omega and alpha phases. We compared the results obtained with the LCB Titanium alloy manufactured industrially by Timet. The precipitation mechanisms of the nano-scale phases omega and alpha were carried out and their influences on the final mechanical properties such as hardness and elasticity behavior were investigated. In a last part, a study concerning the cytocompatibility of such new alloys was carried out. The influence of the chemical composition as well as the influence of the topography of surface were studied by bone tissue culture
Kurdyk, Bernard. "Etude des mécanismes d'adhésion et d'adhérence au niveau du joint titane-polymère." Paris 5, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995PA05M097.
Full textCoquelle, Eric. "Propriétés élastiques et viscoélastiques de matériaux composites adaptatifs." Phd thesis, Université de Nice Sophia-Antipolis, 2004. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00009415.
Full textmécaniques contrôlées par un champ magnétique. Ils sont composés de particules magnétiques,
structurées en chaînes unidirectionnelles au sein d'une matrice élastomère silicone. Les essais sous
champ ont révélé un fort accroissement des propriétés mécaniques : jusqu'à 35kPa pour un module de
62kPa en traction statique, et en dynamique un gain sur E' de 600kPa à ε=1%, qui atteint même
21MPa à ε=10-5 ! Dans ce dernier cas, la structuration en chaînes va de pair avec une nette
augmentation de l'effet Payne et de la dissipation d'énergie, encore accentuée en présence d'un
champ, même modeste (15kA/m). L'hypothèse avancée est un décollement progressif de l'élastomère
des charges sous l'effet des fortes contraintes locales, entre deux particules (en quasi-contact). Pour
faciliter l'étude, un traitement de surface à base de molécules couplantes, fonctionnelles, a été mis au
point. La modélisation a d'abord été effectuée sur un système macroscopique (où tous les paramètres
sont contrôlés), et validée par des simulations par éléments finis (FEM). Une méthode de milieu
effectif prédit le comportement du composites aux charges greffées (avant décollement), tandis qu'une
approche semi-analytique, utilisant un critère de décollement de Griffith, calcule le comportement
viscoélastique du composite MR. La complexité de la microstructure et son évolution ont été évaluées,
sous champ, par des cycles quasi-statiques (aboutissant à des σ de -40kPa à ε=0) et des mesures de
magnétostriction. D'autres propriétés originales peuvent être obtenues : piézorésistivité, bandes
périodiques (guides magnétiques).
Vives, Serge. "Synthèse et caractérisations de matériaux composites zircone/tungstène." Montpellier 2, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994MON20012.
Full textAgopian, Jean-Charles. "Développement, caractérisation et optimisation de matériaux composites hybrides." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université Clermont Auvergne (2021-...), 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022UCFAC107.
Full textClimate change will require a more sober industry, in which “green” materials may play a key role. This also applies to composite materials, and every possibility to reduce their carbon footprint might be considered, while maintaining acceptable performance and durability levels.Partial replacement of carbon fibres by flax fibres is for instance a way to reduce the environmental impact of these composite materials. Surface energies of the fibres being quite different, the properties of the composite materials resulting of such a hybridisation might not be optimised. Moreover, flax fibres are hydrophilic, which rises two problems: they are poorly compatible with hydrophobic polymers, and can lead to a decrease of the durability of the composite, more susceptible to absorb water.In this study, a treatment by direct fluorination by molecular fluorine F2 has been implemented, aiming at level the surface energies of the fibres and increase their affinity with the matrix polymer. This work is mainly dedicated to the fluorination of carbon fibres, while another simultaneous doctoral project focused on flax fibre fluorination.First, a state of the art on the fluorination of carbon fibres has been realised, and published as a literature review, where the versatility of the carbon-fluorine bond and the experimental conditions leading influencing it were carefully described.It has then been shown by a wide variety of physicochemical analyses that room-temperature fluorination of carbon fibres was a way to fluorinate their sizing, and thus to tailor their surface energy. The same treatment was carried on a wide temperature scale, successively highlighting a sizing fluorination and hyperfluorination, and then a fluorination of the carbon fibre, leading to a huge increase of its hydrophobicity, and a decrease of its polar component.These fluorinated carbon and flax fibres were then integrated in an epoxy matrix by infusion process, with several stacking sequences. Mechanical tests do not show an improvement of the fibre-matrix compatibility thanks to fluorination, which might be explained by the high-quality interface allowed by sizing for the non-fluorinated fibres. Wet ageing tests are however promising, as composites made with fluorinated fibres absorb less water than composites made with non-fluorinated fibres
Baumberger, Stéphanie. "Obtention et caractérisation de matériaux composites amidon-lignines." Paris, Institut national d'agronomie de Paris Grignon, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999INAP0009.
Full textChabert, Erwan. "Matériaux composites à matrices vitrimère et polymère supramoléculaire." Thesis, Paris 6, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA066285/document.
Full textWe describe the use of two polymer matrixes with unusual properties for long glass fibres reinforced composite materials and fully organic composites. Vitrimers, recently discovered in the Soft Matter and Chemistry laboratory constitute a new class of polymers as they can exhibit high mechanical strength and are insoluble even at high temperatures like thermosets and yet, like thermoplastics, they are heat processable, recyclable and weldable. The question arises whether this welding property is maintained in composite materials made of more than 50vol% of reinforcing fibres. We quantitatively and statistically analyze the bond strength of lapshear vitrimer composite joints autogenously welded by heat and compare the results to comparable joints of standard thermoset epoxy. It is demonstrated that only vitrimer samples show substantial bond strength and the ability to be repeatedly welded thanks to the exchange reactions that promote both bonding between the adherands and the decrease of surface roughness at the joint interface. This opens the way towards joining composite parts without adhesives or mechanical fasteners. We also explore a composite system made of woven glass fibres and of a matrix base on supramolecular semi-crystalline polyamides that have been developed in the SMC laboratory. Their very low melt viscosity is an asset to envision improved manufacturing and recycling methods. As a proof of concept, composite material pieces have been subjected to a high temperature water treatment. We show the complete recovery of both the neat woven glass fibers plies and the matrix. Finally, we show that actuators can be made from bilaminar vitrimers
Chabert, Erwan. "Matériaux composites à matrices vitrimère et polymère supramoléculaire." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris 6, 2015. https://accesdistant.sorbonne-universite.fr/login?url=https://theses-intra.sorbonne-universite.fr/2015PA066285.pdf.
Full textWe describe the use of two polymer matrixes with unusual properties for long glass fibres reinforced composite materials and fully organic composites. Vitrimers, recently discovered in the Soft Matter and Chemistry laboratory constitute a new class of polymers as they can exhibit high mechanical strength and are insoluble even at high temperatures like thermosets and yet, like thermoplastics, they are heat processable, recyclable and weldable. The question arises whether this welding property is maintained in composite materials made of more than 50vol% of reinforcing fibres. We quantitatively and statistically analyze the bond strength of lapshear vitrimer composite joints autogenously welded by heat and compare the results to comparable joints of standard thermoset epoxy. It is demonstrated that only vitrimer samples show substantial bond strength and the ability to be repeatedly welded thanks to the exchange reactions that promote both bonding between the adherands and the decrease of surface roughness at the joint interface. This opens the way towards joining composite parts without adhesives or mechanical fasteners. We also explore a composite system made of woven glass fibres and of a matrix base on supramolecular semi-crystalline polyamides that have been developed in the SMC laboratory. Their very low melt viscosity is an asset to envision improved manufacturing and recycling methods. As a proof of concept, composite material pieces have been subjected to a high temperature water treatment. We show the complete recovery of both the neat woven glass fibers plies and the matrix. Finally, we show that actuators can be made from bilaminar vitrimers
Torrecillas, Ramon. "Elaboration, caractérisations microstructurale et mécanique des composites céramiques à base mullite et zircon." Lyon, INSA, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994ISAL0116.
Full textThe objectives of this investigation are the following: i) The evaluation of the parameters affecting the mechanical behavior of mullite and zircon ceramic composites. The following composites bave been selected : - Mullite obtained by natural sintering - Mullite-Zircone obtained by natural sintering - Mullite-zircone obtained by reaction-sintering - Zircon obtained by natural sintering - Zircon-alumine - Zircon-zircone ii) To stablish the relationships between characteristical properties and behavior in order to design structural materials for high temperature applications
Pasternak, Nicolas. "Synthèses de matériaux mésoporeux et nanoparticulaires plus écologiques à base de silicium et titane." Thesis, Cergy-Pontoise, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017CERG0911.
Full textSilica and titanium oxides are present in many fields (chemistry, environmental, medical, pharmaceutical, etc…). The main problem of these materials concerns the synthesis financial and environmental costs. In this work, the aim was to solve this problem. A new greener silica oxide nanoparticles synthesis was prepared. These nanomaterials have been analyzed by the conventional characterization methods in material sciences (N2 volumetric adsorption, Thermogravitometric Analysis (TGA),...). The viscoelastic properties of the reaction media were determined by micro-rheology. A strategy for the elimination of non-ionic surfactant families (poloxamers and polyethylene oxide) ) used as template in the synthesis of mesoporous materials based on silica (SBA-n, MSU-X, ....) was also implemented. This procedure allowed to recover the surfactants and to obtain materials with remarkable physicochemical properties identified by the same methods instrumentation. After functionalization of the surface, the washed materials appear to be more efficient in terms of adsorption of organic compounds as their calcined counterparts. Extended to titanium oxide, the washing process seems to produce from a percentage of TiO2 (> 70%) highly reactive materials in photocatalysis and with a high antibacterial power
Mahmoud, Bassam. "Modélisation d'impacts sur des stratifiés composites unidirectionnels et hybrides." Thesis, Toulouse 3, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017TOU30212.
Full textToday, composite materials are largely used in the manufacturing of aeronautical structures, in order to lighten their weight. Impact on composite structures is one of the most detrimental loading. The present study aims to develop a predictive modelling of impacts on thin unidirectional laminates in order to, firstly, better understand the damage mechanisms involved, and, secondly, be able to provide guidance for a strength improvement of these structures. First, an explicit finite element modelling of unidirectional laminates is developed based on the work of F Pascal dealing with impact modeling on helicopter blades. Thus, a new element that can represent the impact response of unidirectional plies is formulated. The behavior of the bundle of fibers is modeled with rod elements stabilized with specific 2D elements. The degradation is managed using damage based on experimental observations. The parameters of the proposed modelling strategy are identified on the basis of experimental tests carried out on T700/M21 and HTA7/913 composites. The results provided by the modeling are then validated by a comparison with experimental low velocity impact results. Finally, in order to improve the laminate strength, low velocity and medium velocity impacts on hybrid unidirectional/woven composite laminates are studied experimentally and with the developed modelling strategy
Bilba, Ketty. "Conception d'interphases pour de nouveaux matériaux composites à matrice base titane renforcée par des filaments de carbure de silicium." Bordeaux 1, 1993. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00133565.
Full textCarisey, Thierry. "Microstructures et propriétés mécaniques d'alliages orthorhombiques base Ti2 2ALNB." ENSMP, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998ENMP0962.
Full textClauzon, Philippe. "Modèles de comportement électromagnétique de matériaux inhomogènes et composites." Ecully, Ecole centrale de Lyon, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998ECDL0055.
Full textDumontet, Hélène. "Homogénéisation et effets de bords dans les matériaux composites." Paris 6, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990PA066121.
Full textGehin, Cécile. "Synthèse et propriétés électrorhéologiques de matériaux composites silice/silicone." Besançon, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002BESA2018.
Full textThe composite material formed from monodispersed silica nanospheres dispersed in silicone oil form a so-called electrorheological fluid. The silica spheres were synthesized by alkoxysilane hydrolysis that was optimized in order to control the final size and monodispersity of the spheres. The description of the electrorheological phenomena is based on a theoretical approach of the interparticular interactions under the influence or not of an applied electric field. Experimentally, the flow properties of the fluids agreed well with the theory. The yield stress increased with the amount of water adsorbed on the particles at low shear rate, but the reversibility of the system was poor. It was greatly improved when the surface properties were modified by adsorption of hydrated alkaline cations on the silica particles. The fluid structure was deduced from small angle neutron scattering data. The particles were found to be organized in chain-like structures in the electric field direction
Jebalia, Imen. "Elaboration et comportement mécanique de matériaux composites amylo-protéiques." Thesis, Nantes, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020NANT4061.
Full textStarchy extruded foods are considered as solid foam and their texture is defined by their structure and the mechanical properties of the cell-wall, or constitutive material. This material is envisioned as dense composite of starch and proteins. In addition to composition, the mechanical properties of these composites depend on their morphology, created during extrusion. In this context, the aim of our study is to determine the relationship between morphological features and mechanical properties of legume based starch-protein composites in glassy state, using experimental and finite element modelling (FEM) approaches. In this purpose, dense pea composites having various starch-protein morphologies were obtained by twin-screw extrusion of pea flour and blends of pea starch and protein isolates (SP). Microscopy study of these samples revealed that their morphology displayed protein aggregates embedded in an amorphous starch matrix. This microstructure can be described by several features, such as the median size of protein aggregates, and a protein-starch interface index (Ii) derived from their total perimeter and area. These morphological features depended on the extent of starch destructuration and of protein aggregations, which are controlled by material composition and specific mechanical energy (100< SME<2000 kJ/kg) during extrusion. Pea flour composites exhibited a brittle mechanical behavior, whereas rupture of SP blend composites occurred in the plasticity domain at higher breaking stress and strain. The impact of morphological features, in particular of Ii, was explained by the poor interfacial adhesion between pea starch and pea protein aggregates. Nanoindentation study showed that the starch and protein phases, and the interphase of the composites exhibited significantly different values of modulus, depending on their composition and transformation. These results fed the FEM mechanical modelling study, which indicated that the elastic-plastic constitutive law following Voce scheme represented adequately the macroscopic and microscopic mechanical behaviors of pea composites. The implementation of these laws on the meshed microstructure of pea composites allowed predicting their mechanical behavior at macroscopic scale. This work provides a solid basis for further development of predictive models of the texture of legume based extruded foods
Bilba, Ketty. "Conception d'interphases pour de nouveaux matériaux composites a matrice base titane renforcée par des filaments de carbure de silicum." Phd thesis, Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux I, 1993. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00133565.
Full textTuffé, Stéphane. "Elaboration et caractérisation de matériaux composites a haute dureté et haute ténacité : - alumine/whiskers de SiC, - composites base borures." Lyon, INSA, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991ISAL0073.
Full textThe aim of this work to elaborate new ceramics composites having both high hardness and high fracture toughness. Two types of products have been developed :Silicon carbide whiskers reinforced alumina and borides based materials having high mechanical properties. - Alumina/silicon carbide composites have attracted attention as structural materials especially for high temperature applications (i. E cutting tools). Homogeneous alumina powder/SiC whisker compact were prepared by suspension processing. The improvement of mechanical properties of composites has been studied with emphasis on the effects of the whisker content, hot pressing temperature and the whisker/matrix interface. - The effects of tungstene carbide and boron carbide contents on the sintering behaviour and mechanical properties of TiB2 ceramics have been studied. The best mechanical properties were obtained for TiB2-50 wt % B4C-10 wt % ceramics which exhibited high hardness (Hv 2600) and a three point bending strength of 630 MPa
Dinh, Thi Mai Thanh. "Stabilité et performances de matériaux d'électrode à base de titane en milieu acide." Paris 6, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA066095.
Full textPérineau, Fabien. "Synthèse et propriétés de matériaux hybrides élastomères à base d'oxo-clusters de titane." Paris 6, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA066652.
Full textKorhel, Juliette. "Incidence de traitements thermomécaniques et thermiques sur les structures d'un intermetallique de titane "TI 48Al 8Nb" et leur résitance au fluage : application à l'optimisation de fabrication d'aubes de turbine basse pression." Paris, ENMP, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007ENMP1526.
Full textTo forge low pressure turbine blades in « Ti 46Al 8Nb » and optimize their creep resistance, thermomechanical history’s incidence on structure, their ductility and creep behaviour is studied. Structure and composition heterogeneity’s control means are also evaluated. For forging and creep resistance, the temperature stability domain of equilibrium structure, the characteristic temperature of lamellar transformation and some microstructural evolutions of lamellar structures are determined by differential thermal analysis. The ductility of near gamma structure reaches its limit when the triaxiality and the alpha2 phase proportion, are no longer positive and raise, respectively. After modelling of these structures rheological behaviour and simulation of the isothermal forging, tool resistance and forging strength are studied. Blade material thermomechanical history is then roughly reproduced by forging and extrusion. These two processes are shown to be detrimental to the creep resistance of the structure they undergo, whether they are thermally treated or not. A hardening tempering is nevertheless able to improve the creep resistance of a transformed structure, that reach seven times the specifications imposed by motorists. Study of control means shows that composition and lamellar grains heterogeneity can be controlled by differential thermal analysis and ultrasonic means, respectively. The ultrasonic control even shows that the alpha2 phase proportion of a lamellar structure can be controlled. The consequence of that last result is that the creep resistance could be tested by non destructive means during maintenance operation
Ferdinand, Cyrille. "Mise en oeuvre et caractérisation d'assemblages soudés par procédés TIG et laser de tôles d'alliages de titane réfractaires." Phd thesis, Toulouse, INPT, 2005. http://oatao.univ-toulouse.fr/7474/1/ferdinand1.pdf.
Full textGrange, François. "Matériaux composites pour antenne miniature intégrée." Phd thesis, Université Rennes 1, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00601825.
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