Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Matériaux composites Cu/D'
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Kraiem, Nada. "Impression 3D de matériaux composites à base de diamant pour des applications de gestion thermique." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Bordeaux, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024BORD0129.
Full textWith the trend towards miniaturization of electrical equipment and the constant increase in power density in semiconductor devices, efficient heat management has become a major concern for researchers. Indeed, this technological evolution imposes increasingly strict constraints in terms of thermal dissipation, necessitating innovative solutions to ensure better durability and reliability of components. In this context, the use of composite materials offering high thermal conductivity and low coefficient of thermal expansion compared to pure metals has become essential to address overheating issues in electronic components. The utilization of advanced materials such as diamond (D), with exceptional thermal conductivity and hardness properties, stands out as a preferred choice for reinforcing metal matrices. However, its incorporation into composite materials requires the creation of a well-defined D-metal interface, both to avoid porosity formation and to ensure efficient transfer of thermal properties. Additive manufacturing of 3D materials by laser fusion is emerging as a promising solution, not only for the ease of implementation of these composites, but also for the creation of complex structures dedicated to heat dissipation. These structures play a crucial role in optimizing the heat exchange surface by convection with the surrounding air, thus allowing efficient dissipation of heat generated by modern electronic devices.In this study, 3D printing of copper (Cu) was achieved through the addition of an optimal amount of aluminum. This approach significantly improved the densification of copper-based materials, despite the challenges posed by its high reflectivity. Subsequently, in-depth investigation and optimization of laser 3D printing of the AlSi10Mg alloy, before and after the incorporation of D, were carried out. Finally, a crucial post-processing step was optimized, consisting of polishing Al/D composite materials using laser ablation.This work was carried out as part of an international collaboration between the University of Nebraska, Lincoln in the United States of America, and the University of Bordeaux in France
Carbonell, Laure-Arminia. "Conductivité électrique et résistance de contact de matériaux composites Cu-Ni-graphite." Grenoble INPG, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990INPG0017.
Full textPapillon, Anthony. "Frittage de composites Cu-Cr pour l'élaboration de matériaux de contact d'ampoules à vide." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016GREAI099.
Full textCu-Cr composites are commonly used as contact materials for medium voltage circuit breakers vacuum bottles. Solid state sintering process of Cu-Cr composites is widespread but has been relatively little studied. Optimizing the process requires understanding the sintering mechanisms. This study was focused on two important aspects of sintering: the redox reactions associated to oxides on the powder surface and the competition between densification and swelling mechanisms during sintering.The redox reactions were studied by thermogravimetric analysis coupled to various spectroscopic techniques, first on isolated Cu and Cr, then on Cu-Cr composites. Interfaces analyses obtained by FIB clarified the location of the oxide inside the sintered materials. Oxygen transfer takes place between copper and chromium powders. This phenomenon strongly depends on the reducing character of the sintering atmosphere.Densification was analyzed by dilatometry on Cu, Cr and Cu-Cr composites. This analysis was supported by microstructural observations, including X-ray tomography .The effect of process parameters (atmosphere, heating rate, powders ...) was studied. The results show the relationship between sintering and copper oxide reduction. The swelling phenomenon of copper compacts is explained by high temperature degassing of copper during pore closure. This swelling does not occur in Cu-Cr composites as chromium delays pore closing and entraps the gases released by copper. Sintering atmosphere, chromium morphology and chromium particle size affect densification. Vacuum sintering reduces porosity. Chromium particles with spherical shape limit its inhibiting effect on densification. For small particle sizes, chromium participates to densification, leading to better densification of the material. These results open the route for optimizing the sintering of Cu-Cr composites.Cu-Cr composites were tested for short circuit performance in vacuum interrupters. The result of these tests showed the importance of reducing the chromium oxide amount. The effect of impurities commonly encountered on the powders copper and chromium powders was also determined
El, Kabir Tarik. "Etude de matériaux composites à matrice base Al renforcés par des particules Al-Cu-Fe." Poitiers, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007POIT2342.
Full textQuasicrystalline (QC) materials exhibit remarkable mechanical properties at low and intermediate temperatures, such as high hardness together with high elastic modulus. One of the potential applications of QC materials is to use them as the reinforcement phase of composite materials. This study reports about processing, microstructures and mechanical properties of Al-based metal matrix composites (MMC) reinforced by QC particles. Five Al-based MMC were produced using the gas pressure infiltration technique. Al3Mg2, Al, Al-Cu-Mg and Al-Mg-Si matrices were used. They were reinforced by 50 % vol. Fraction of Al-Cu-Fe QC particles. The as-produced composites are rather complex and various phases are formed during the production process. These phases were identified to result from diffusion of both the aluminium and the copper. These composites are characterised by high flow stresses, that are unfortunately accompanied by numerous cracks whatever the temperature deformation. Two composites with an Al matrix initially reinforced by QC particles were prepared by hot isostatic pressing (HIP). With this technique two-phase composites are obtained, but depending on the processing temperature, the reinforcement particles are either of i-phase or !-phase. It is observed that ! particles contribute more positively to the improvement of the mechanical properties than the QC particles. The temperature dependences of "0. 2% suggest that the plastic deformation of the composite Al/!-Al-Cu-Fe is controlled by thermally activated mechanisms. In the composite Al/i-Al-Cu-Fe, in addition to thermally activated mechanism, the contribution of the internal stresses to the hardening of the composite must be taken into account
Vallet, Guy-Marie. "Elaboration de matériaux composites à matrice métallique (Cu-NTC) ayant des propriétés électriques améliorées pour application filaire." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014BORD0350/document.
Full textThe substitution of the current energy chains in aircrafts (pneumatic, hydraulic, mechanical and electrical) by a 100% electrical chain is a major issue in the field of the “more electric” aircraft. The electrification process leads to an increase of the inboard power of aircrafts, and therefore to an increase of the wired network weight. To counterbalance this increase of mass, a new composite material with higher electrical properties that copper should be considered, in order to increase the current density in the conductor at constant cross section. Several parameters have been studied such as the quality of the carbon nanotubes dispersion, the type of CNTs used (single-walled vs. multi walled), the interface between the matrix and the reinforcements (mechanical vs. chemical), the shaping of material (uni-axial hot pressing, hot extrusion process) and the post treatments processes (heat treatment, hot lamination process). An enhancement of the thermal properties (+ 6.8% of thermal conductivity), the mechanical properties (+32% of Vickers hardness) and for the first time an increase of the electrical properties (+3.4 % for the electrical conductivity) have been observed in comparison with pure copper
Shi, Hailong. "Recrystallization of 2D dimensioned Copper (Cu) foils and graphene nanosheets (GNSs) reinforced Cu matrix laminated composites." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lorraine, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021LORR0096.
Full textRecrystallization is the intrinsic process of cold-deformed metallic materials that occurs inevitably during the thermal treatment. The produced recrystallization texture contributes to the anisotropy of the mechanical and physical properties. Motivated by the minimization of modern products, 2D materials and laminated composites are increasingly demanded by many applications. Thus, for both scientific and engineering purposes, investigations on the recrystallization of such materials are needed to understand the underlying mechanisms. In this work, Cu foils and graphene nanosheets (GNSs) reinforced Cu matrix laminated composites with Cu foil thicknesses of 10 μm and 30 μm were fabricated, and the recrystallization features were thoroughly investigated from microscale to macroscale by means of SEM-EBSD for microstructure observation, neutron and synchrotron radiation for texture analysis and in-situ synchrotron radiation for lattice strain evaluation. The obtained data were analyzed in the frame of crystallography combined with crystal elasticity and surface energy. The results showed that the recrystallization behavior of the Cu foils were greatly affected by the Cu foil thickness and the addition of the GNSs. For the 10 μm thick Cu foils without GNS, they underwent a transition from the cold-rolling texture to a recrystallization texture dominated by RD-rotated Cube and φ_2-rotated Copper components. The transition was screened by both intrinsic microstructural and extrinsic sample geometrical factors. The orientations of the nuclei were mainly inherited from the deformation orientations. Those with low Taylor factors (Cube, Goss and Brass) demonstrated size preference. The post-nucleation growth was affected by the biaxial thermal elastic constraint and surface energy. Due to their opposite effects, the orientations having moderate biaxial moduli and surface energy density (S, Copper, Brass and recrystallization components) survived, resulting in a mixed texture at the completion of recrystallization. The coherent Σ3 boundaries between the new components stabilized their growth through consuming the other oriented crystals separated by random high-angle boundaries. When sintered into bulk, the texture of the Cu was dominated by the orientations of the abnormally grown grains. The effects of GNSs on the recrystallization of Cu foils were also Cu foil thickness dependent. For the 10 μm thick foils, the effect of the GNSs manifested after the samples were sintered to high temperatures (> 700 ℃). Instead of creating much constraint to the expansion of the adjacent Cu foils, the GNSs worked as a barrier preventing the penetration of the grown Cu grains, resulting in the stabilization of the recrystallization texture represented by the two rotated components. For the Cu/GNS composite with Cu foil thickness of 30 μm, the results evidenced that a strong Cube orientation was produced in the Cu/GNS composite instead of the individual non-Cube orientations in the pure Cu stack without GNSs. Detailed strain-state analysis of the Cu foils in the Cu/GNS composite revealed that the anisotropic expansion behavior of the GNS that is incompatible with that of the Cu foils imposed multiple elastic constraints to the foils, resulting in a biaxial isostrain state in the surface layers and a uniaxial compressive strain state in the central layer. The elastic anisotropy of Cu favors the growth of the Cube oriented grains to minimize the total strain energy. The results of the present work provide quantitative and detailed information on recrystallization of thin Cu foils and laminated composite, which contributes to deepening the understanding of recrystallization behaviour of 2D materials. The mechanisms revealed are useful for analysing abnormal grain growth in elastically strained materials and can also be applied to fabrication process for texturization or even monocrystallization
Gu, Tang. "Modélisation multi-échelles du comportement électrique et élasto-plastique de fils composites Cu-Nb nanostructurés et architecturés." Thesis, Paris, ENSAM, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017ENAM0017/document.
Full textNanostructured and architectured copper niobium composite wires are excellent candidates for the generation of intense pulsed magnetic fields (>90T) as they combine both high strength and high electrical conductivity. Multi-scaled Cu-Nb wires are fabricated by accumulative drawing and bundling (a severe plastic deformation technique), leading to a multiscale, architectured and nanostructured microstructure exhibiting a strong fiber crystallographic texture and elongated grain shapes along the wire axis. This thesis presents a comprehensive study of the effective electrical and elasto-plastic behavior of this composite material. It is divided into three parts: electrical, elastic and elasto-plastic multiscale modeling. In order to investigate the link between the effective material behavior and the wire microstructure, several homogenization methods are applied which can be separated into two main types: mean-field and full-field theories. As the specimens exhibit many characteristic scales, several scale transition steps are carried out iteratively from the grain scale to the macro-scale. The general agreement among the model responses allows suggesting the best strategy to estimate reliably the effective electrical and elasto-plastic behavior of Cu-Nb wires and save computational time. The electrical models are demonstrated to predict accurately the anisotropic experimental data. Moreover, the mechanical models are also validated by the available ex-situ and in-situ X-ray/neutron diffraction experimental data with a good agreement
Girault, Baptiste. "Etude de l'effet de taille et de structure sur l'élasticité de composites W/Cu nanostructurés en couche mince." Poitiers, 2008. http://theses.edel.univ-poitiers.fr/theses/2008/Girault-Baptiste/2008-Girault-Baptiste-These.pdf.
Full textThe mechanical behavior of crystalline material has a high dependence on its microstructure, notably when crystallite size reaches the nanometer scale. Crystallites size is controled by the stratification of thermodynamically immiscible materials, namely tungsten and copper, isotropic and anisotropic elastically, respectively. Thin films were deposited by physical vapor deposition and their characterizations were carried out combining electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction and diffusion. In situ tensile testing combined with X-ray diffraction on supported composite W/Cu have been used to get insight into sample mechanical behavior. This work emphasises the strong complementarity between electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction analyses on microstructure characterizations, required to interpret and model tensile testing results. Theses analysis have revealed that very thin copper layers arrange as dispersoïds and that a particular crystallographic orientation distribution within tungsten layers appear as <110> and <111>. The results obtained on quasi-isotropic copper dispersoïds and laminated W/Cu composites have clearly revealed structure and size effects in tungsten sub-layers. A more detailed study of the elastic domain of laminated composite has not only revealed a strong dependence on residual stresses, but also an uppermost dislocation appearance within copper layers leading to a load transfer on tungsten layers, leading to mode II crack apparitions
El, Hage Christiane. "Modélisation du comportement élastique endommageable de matériaux composites à renfort tridimensionnel." Compiègne, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006COMP1642.
Full textThis thesis is dedicated to the modelling of the elastic damage behaviour composite material 3D reinforced. The study is articulated around three essential points: the comprehension of the damage process, analytical modelling and the optimization of architectures of the reinforcements. The studies of carbon architectures are resulting from an orthogonal weaving 3D and 5 Interlock. They are subjected respectively to compression and uniaxial tension tests. The correlation between signals of acoustic emission and the microscopic observations makes it possible to emphasize the effect of architecture on the phenomena of damages. The elastic damage behaviour until the rupture is described with a duality between an analytical model of homogenization and the criterion 3D of Tsai-Wu, coupled to damage criteria. This model takes into account the geometrical characteristic of architectures of the reinforcements. The optimization part is dedicated to minimization of the REV
Lenain, Cyrille. "Application de la mécanochimie à la préparation d'alliages hydrurables nanocristallins AB5, Mg-Ni, AB2 (M) et de composites M-C, M-Cu : étude de leurs propriétés électrochimiques." Amiens, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999AMIE0117.
Full textThe aim of this work was to use the potential of mechanochemistry as a one step process to prepare hydride-forming compounds, and furthermore to enhance the electrochemical capacities of alloys having low weight capacities and presenting a strong corrosion in an alkaline media. These approaches first permit to synthesize AB5 alloys having electrochemical weight capacities of about 274 mAh/g after annealing. Fundamentally, the lower capacity observed in the case of AB5 alloys after grinding (120 mAh/g) was attributed to the surface oxidation during grinding. The modification of the particle surfaces by grinding the alloys with graphite powder allows to reduce the oxide coatings and to protect these surfaces for further oxidation during the synthesis process. The increase of the equilibrium hydriding pressure of the AB5 alloys is an other result of the structure and surface modifications induced by the ball milling. This phenomenon was successfully used to destabilize the hydrides of the Mg-Ni system and permit their electrochemical charge and discharge. The MgNi amorphous phase having a first discharge capacity of 500 mAh/g was obtained. The high capacity fading upon cycling is due to the formation of Mg(OH)2 platelets on the alloy surface. We also studied the effect of substituting this amorphous phase with Al, Ti, V, Y, Zr, Cr, Mn, Fe and Co as a way to modified the resistance against corrosion. Very interesting results were obtained with the Mg0. 9NiY0. 1 composition. Finally, the coating of MgNi and ZrNi1. 14Mn0. 49Cr0. 18V0. 1 alloys with graphite or copper powders was studied. The better results show an enhance of the capacity fading for the MgNi amorphous phase ground with graphite and conceming the AB2 alloy we observed both an increase in the activation behavior and the maximum weight capacity
Kalcher, Constanze [Verfasser], Karsten [Akademischer Betreuer] Albe, and Erik [Akademischer Betreuer] Bitzek. "Creep of Cu-Zr metallic glasses and metallic glass composites: A molecular dynamics study / Constanze Kalcher ; Karsten Albe, Erik Bitzek." Darmstadt : Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Darmstadt, 2019. http://d-nb.info/1185070702/34.
Full textLascoup, Bertrand. "Analyse et modélisation du comportement mécanique de structures composites sandwichs multi-D." Compiègne, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005COMP1585.
Full textThe objective of this work is to apprehend the damaging modes of an original sandwich structure strengthened by stitches and to propose a predictive tool for the choice of the geometrical and material parameters. This objective requires both an experimental and a theoretical approach. The experimental part enables to determine the behavior of this type of structure under static and dynamic stresses. A R TM device was created in order to control the implementation parameters and to highlight the influence of the microstructure of the reinforcements. The analysis of the damage mechanisms highlights the influence of the geometrical parameters of stitches on the behavior of the structure. The problems resulting from the inter-laminar efforts are attenuated: the brittleness of the core/skin interface and delamination into the skins is reduced. The modelling part allows to represent the material behavior by using simple and adapted theories and seeks to predict the rigidity and the maximum stress in the three directions. A data-processing tool named SANDTEX brings a predictive tool to the industrial world
Ma, Yu. "Effects of TiB2 nanoparticles on the interfacial precipitation and mechanical properties of Al-Zn-Mg-Cu matrix composites." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019SACLS252.
Full textThe influences of TiB2 reinforcement nanoparticles (6 wt.%) on the interfacial precipitation of (Zn1.5Cu0.5)Mg phase, the associated tensile and fatigue crack growth (FCG) properties of the Al-Zn-Mg-Cu matrix composites have been studied. The composite samples were produced by in-situ reaction during casting followed by friction stir processing (FSP) and hot extrusion, while only casted and extruded samples were used for evaluating FCG due to size limit of the nugget zone after FSP. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) and high-resolution scanning transmission electron microscopy (HRSTEM) were employed for the microstructure characterization.The as-processed composite samples contain the fine equiaxed-grain structure, where TiB2 nanoparticles are homogenously distributed. At solid-solution state, the TiB2/Al interfaces are featured by the clean and semi-coherent nature. At the peak-aged and overaged states, the interface precipitate determined as (Zn1.5Cu0.5)Mg phase was formed, and the underlying heterogeneous interfacial precipitation kinetics was discussed. The Al/(Zn1.5Cu0.5)Mg/TiB2 multi-interfaces were revealed to be almost coherent, and the TiB2/Al interfaces were thus strengthened due to the greatly reduced coherency strains. This mechanism was proposed as precipitation assisted interface strengthening, which has contributed to the simultaneously enhanced tensile strength and uniform elongation of the as-processed composite.The majority of TiB2 nanoparticles tend to aggregate along grain boundaries (GBs) in the composite samples without FSP. The FCG rate is increased inside grains at intermediate and high stress intensity factor (ΔK) ranges due to the refined grain size. However, the FCG rate at the GBs is decreased at the low and intermediate ΔK ranges by fatigue crack deflection and trapping due to the presence of TiB2 clusters, while it increases at the high ΔK range due to microvoid coalescence
Ali, Fahad [Verfasser], Jürgen [Akademischer Betreuer] Eckert, and N. K. [Akademischer Betreuer] Mukhopadhyay. "Mechanical milling of Al-Cu-Fe quasicrystals and their Reinforcement in Aluminum matrix composites / Fahad Ali. Gutachter: Jürgen Eckert ; N.K. Mukhopadhyay. Betreuer: Jürgen Eckert." Dresden : Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2012. http://d-nb.info/1068442875/34.
Full textTran, Anh Binh. "Développement de méthodes numériques multi échelle pour le calcul des structures constituées de matériaux fortement hétérogènes élastiques et viscoélastiques." Phd thesis, Université Paris-Est, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00657270.
Full textBen'MBarek, Talel. "Utilisation d’une méthode optique sans contact pour décrire le comportement mécanique de composites bois/plastique ‘WPC’." Thesis, Pau, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PAUU3035/document.
Full textFirstly we have compared longitudinal strenght obtained by stereo correlation with mechanical extensometer forthe same tests. It is shown that macroscopic values of the longitudinal strain are closed to those measured bymechanical extensometers using standard mechanical tests. Four injected WPC formulations (with or withoutadditive and with 10% or 30% of wood) are consider. WPC surface particularities and wood fibers distributionon samples have no effect on WPC mechanical performances. Also 3D digital image correlation givesinformations on Tensile performances (from quality and quantity point of view). Cyclic tensile tests have beenperformed in order to analyse the damage of material. A non-linear behaviour is shown. The Modulus ofElasticity (MOE) is provided by a Maxwell-Bingham model fitted to the experimental tensile curves. Color mapsof the spatial strain distribution are commented. Moreover, the damage behaviour and the degree ofheterogeneity for several percentages of fibre wood-based WPC are analysed thanks to the spatial standarddeviation of the longitudinal strain field. With this technology it was possible to study of the mechanicalproperties in tensile and compression during four bending test. The second objective was to improve the linkbetween PEHD matrix and wood fibres because of the incompatibility between the polar hydrophilic wood fibresand the non-polar hydrophobic polyethylene. For this reason, the wood fibre was treated by maleic polyethyleneanhydride (MAPE) (grafting by copolymerization) and was acetylated (grafting of carbon chain). In this part, theeffect on the mechanical properties, of maleic anhydride modified polyethylene (MAPE) and of the length of thecarbon chain graft (CCG) between a (HDPE) matrix and wood fiber is studied. Furthermore, Scanning ElectronMicroscope (SEM) is used to characterize the morphology of the wood fibre / HDPE matrix interface forspecimens with carbon chain grafted
Bordeaux, Frédéric. "Mélange atomique exothermique et amorphisation en phase solide dans des composites de multicouches fines métal-métal préparés par co-laminage." Grenoble INPG, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989INPG0108.
Full textMonteiro, Eric. "Contributions aux méthodes numériques pour traiter les non linéarités et les discontinuités dans les matériaux hétérogènes." Phd thesis, Université Paris-Est, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00601050.
Full textBozec, Xavier. "Etude par traces de cycles d'hysteresis sous champ alternatif de la dynamique de vortex dans les supraconducteurs YBaCuO et BiSrCaCuO monocristallins et dans la céramique YSmBaCuO." Toulouse, INSA, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992ISAT0013.
Full textPopescu, Carmen Rodica [Verfasser]. "Processing and characterisation of SiC-fibre reinforced Cu-matrix composites / Carmen Rodica Popescu." 2004. http://d-nb.info/971275645/34.
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