Academic literature on the topic 'Materials conservation'

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Journal articles on the topic "Materials conservation"

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Kairbekov, Zh, E. Aubakirov, and N. Zhalhasuly. "Minеral raw materials conservation." Chemical Bulletin of Kazakh National University, no. 4 (December 1, 2011): 111. http://dx.doi.org/10.15328/chemb_2011_4111-114.

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SHIRAIWA, Yoko. "Conservation of Photographic Materials." Oleoscience 18, no. 10 (2018): 499–505. http://dx.doi.org/10.5650/oleoscience.18.499.

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Casella, Luisa. "Photographic Materials Conservation Group Meeting, 25 March 2004." Conservar Património 1 (2005): 63–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.14568/cp1_7.

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Camacho Puebla, Ana Laura. "Miradas tecnológicas: Historical Technology, Materials and Conservation: SEM and Microanalysis." Intervención Revista Internacional de Conservación Restauración y Museología 1, no. 1 (May 1, 2010): 72–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.30763/intervencion.2013.8.101.

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Gupta, Prof S. K. "Energy Conservation through Building Materials." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 7, no. 10 (October 31, 2019): 43–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2019.10008.

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Livingston, R. A. "Nondestructive Materials Characterization for Historic Conservation." Materials Science Forum 210-213 (May 1996): 751–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.210-213.751.

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Mishra, Lakshmi Kant. "Preservation and conservation of library materials." ACADEMICIA: An International Multidisciplinary Research Journal 7, no. 2 (2017): 23. http://dx.doi.org/10.5958/2249-7137.2017.00011.8.

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Baglioni, Michele, Giovanna Poggi, David Chelazzi, and Piero Baglioni. "Advanced Materials in Cultural Heritage Conservation." Molecules 26, no. 13 (June 29, 2021): 3967. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules26133967.

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Cultural Heritage is a crucial socioeconomic resource; yet, recurring degradation processes endanger its preservation. Serendipitous approaches in restoration practice need to be replaced by systematically addressing conservation issues through the development of advanced materials for the preservation of the artifacts. In the last few decades, materials and colloid science have provided valid solutions to counteract degradation, and we report here the main highlights in the formulation and application of materials and methodologies for the cleaning, protection and consolidation of works of art. Several types of artifacts are addressed, from murals to canvas paintings, metal objects, and paper artworks, comprising both classic and modern/contemporary art. Systems, such as nanoparticles, gels, nanostructured cleaning fluids, composites, and other functional materials, are reviewed. Future perspectives are also commented, outlining open issues and trends in this challenging and exciting field.
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Scrivener, Karen, and Henri Van Damme. "Construction Materials: From Innovation to Conservation." MRS Bulletin 29, no. 5 (May 2004): 308–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/mrs2004.95.

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AbstractThis article serves to introduce the May 2004 issue of MRS Bulletin on Construction Materials: From Innovation to Conservation. By volume, building materials are by far the most widely used type of materials. The most common construction materials—concrete and wood—are paradigms of complex and hierarchical materials, with a microstructure extending quasi-continuously down to the nanoscale. In the past, most improvements have been obtained by modifying the microstructure at the largest scales, for instance, by reducing the macroporosity. Recent advances in our understanding of the interactions and microstructure development show that the major levers for improvement from now on will rely on surface and colloid science and the science of complex materials, often at the nanoscale. This can lead to remarkable properties, such as self-compaction and ultrahigh strength, and even new functionality, such as self-cleaning through photocatalysis. Construction materials face a wide range of challenges today, many of which are linked to the need for more sustainable development: reducing the consumption of raw materials, reducing the energy used in processing, and increasing service life. In many parts of the world, there is also an increasing need to repair, rehabilitate, and conserve old buildings. The articles in this issue touch on these challenges as well as the advances being made in construction materials through materials research.
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Dobrý, Jaroslav. "Plant materials handbook for soil conservation." Folia Geobotanica et Phytotaxonomica 26, no. 4 (December 1991): 438. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02912778.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Materials conservation"

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McFadden, Peter Daniel, and Peter Daniel McFadden. "Molecular Engineering of Specialty Thermoset Materials." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/626330.

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This work seeks to lay the foundation for improved art conservation epoxies by addressing two of the problems which currently limit their use. The first problem with current conservation epoxies is the difficulty of removal post-cure. This can be solved by synthesizing epoxies with thermally re-workable Diels-Alder weak links. The second problem relates to difficulty in identifying epoxy joints in reconstructed artifacts and can be solved by incorporating fluorescent monomers within the epoxy network. The challenge in both of these projects is to ensure that the modified epoxies are still suitable for conservation use.
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Fairhurst, Alison R. G. "The materials, construction and conservation of eighteenth century women's shoes." Thesis, University of Lincoln, 2015. http://eprints.lincoln.ac.uk/27536/.

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This thesis analyses a 12% sample of the 900 extant pairs of eighteenth-century women’s shoes in British museums and argues that shoes are a valuable but currently underused historical resource. The analysis is supported by both primary and secondary literature and contemporary images and much of the research is presented in a visual format such as images, diagrams and tables. The thesis revolves around the following questions: What can women’s shoes tell us about eighteenth-century culture? How can object based analysis of shoes enhance our current understanding of women’s footwear in the eighteenth century? How can we characterise materials, construction and manufacture of such shoes based on extant examples? What implications do these findings have for conservators and others responsible for the survival and management of the extant corpus? By recording the complexity of shoes as composite objects and examining how they are made; from what and how their components were processed and manufactured the thesis greatly increases the current available knowledge. It proposes a methodology for studying shoes and recording subsequent findings. The thesis also recognises the potential of shoes as historical sources. In addition it examines how we might seek to manage shoes as heritage assets in the future and acknowledges the significant role of the conservator in this. A holistic approach involving both curators and conservators in the decision making process relating to conservation and preservation is given. The appendices give full details of the sampled shoes and show the completed survey forms.
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Thomas, Glyn Rees. "Counter electrode materials for electrochromic windows." Thesis, University of Southampton, 1994. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.261513.

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Glynn, Deborah. "The preservation and conservation of ink jet and electrophotographic printed materials." Thesis, Open University, 2001. http://oro.open.ac.uk/58177/.

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This research project has investigated the light fastness of ink jet and electrophotographic printed materials by the means of an extensive accelerated and natural ageing test programme. The effect of visible radiation of different wavebands on the deterioration of a selection of ink jet printed materials has also been assessed. The findings of the research indicate that all of the ink jet printed materials tested are sensitive to light and should not therefore, be put on permanent display. Most of the ink jet printed samples exhibited greater light sensitivity to the shorter wavelengths of the visible spectrum, than the longer wavelengths, with damage decreasing as wavelength increases. This relationship was not evident with the cyan and blue printed samples, which showed that their light sensitivity was determined by the spectral absorption characteristics of the printed patch. Some of the ink jet printed materials produced erratic fading rates on exposure to light. This phenomenon was attributed to either the occurrence of photochromism or the disintegration of the dye particles in the ink, but further testing needs to be conducted to gain a better understanding of this reaction. Other factors also influenced the light fastness of the ink jet materials, such as the type of paper employed for printing, ink concentration and ink combination. The electrophotographic printed materials were found to be more stable to light, although the yellow toner from some of the systems would show noticeable fading after approximately 65 to 325 years on permanent display (at 50 lux for eight hours per day). A range of basic conservation treatments was also been investigated and the results indicated that ink jet print materials are very sensitive to all forms of aqueous treatments. Finally, thermal/dark ageing has been performed on the digital printed papers employed in this investigation. The conclusion is that all of the papers are prone to yellowing in storage.
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Bisulca, Christina. "Case Studies in Conservation Science." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/332904.

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The research presented in this dissertation covers three separate topics of conservation as defined by the National Science Foundation: 1) Materials Stabilization, Strengthening, Monitoring, and Repair; 2. Understanding Material Degradation and Aging; and 3) Materials and Structural Characterization of Cultural Heritage Objects (the `technical study'). The first topic is addressed through a study to assess the consolidant tetraethoxysilane for the stabilization of alum treated wood. Falling under materials degradation studies is a study published in American Museum Novitates to understand how environmental conditions affect the aging of fossil resins from five different deposits. Two separate studies are included in technical study of cultural heritage objects which comprises the third research area of materials characterization. The first is a survey of red dyes used in Chinese paintings from the Ming Dynasty to the Early Republic (1364-1911). The second is a study of the pigments, dyes and binders used in Hawaiian barkcloth (kapa) from the 19th century.
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Costa, Alice Maria Tavares Alves da. "Integrated conservation strategy of built heritage: traditional construction systems and natural materials." Doctoral thesis, Universidade de Aveiro, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10773/14808.

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Doutoramento em Engenharia Civil
The risk of losing ancient construction systems is highly relevant in the whole Mediterranean region, but also in many other countries worldwide. The earthen heritage and the mixed construction systems with timber are decreasing very fast and being identified in lists of risk by UNESCO, ICOMOS and by many researchers all over the world. They represent a cultural value of the societies that is being neglected due to unbalanced development, demolitions, lack of knowledge, and guidelines for conservation, instead of the expected unique reason of decay due to natural agents or ageing. Although some conservation approaches have been successful, the results are still scarce and the mistakes continuously repeated imposing irreversible gaps in reading this relevant heritage, mainly in urban areas. This entails questions about the approach to protection, conservation, and the reasons behind such disseminated failure in these objectives. The earthen architecture shows precisely the difficulties in the establishment of a strategy able to successfully achieve the goal of preserving its cultural value. This needs continuous research and ability to communicate the best conservation strategy as just one of the steps of a balanced framework. This investigation aims to discover reasons for failure of conservation strategies involving the traditional construction systems, valuing the case of adobe architecture; to give significance to traditional construction systems as a cultural value to protect and preserve; to propose conservation research areas necessary in a framework of integrated conservation of built heritage, involving the specific case of adobe buildings. The research methodology of this investigation is based mostly on qualitative methods and a case study about adobe construction system, its evolution since the 19th century until the middle of 20th century, and its interaction with architecture. The case study was used to address the main identified gaps of research needed to proceed with an integrated conservation and protection approach of adobe heritage in Portugal. A combination of sources was used following a multi-method approach: in situ surveys, collection of archive files (drawings, written documents and photos), published literature, published and unpublished reports from international organisations, photographic reports, open interviews, and laboratory tests. The first analyses show evidence of multiple causes of failure for the support of conservation strategies. The most important is the lack of a long-term integrated strategy within a recognized and supported framework. Secondly, the continuity of shortcomings is expressed in inadequate choices at several levels of decision-making, absence of measures of maintenance and conservation. Thirdly, the lack of knowledge about the adobe traditional construction system, its evolution and wide interaction with architecture, the approach to the present standards of comfort, and finally, the problem of waterproof barrier and salt’s effects are the main causes of failure in the promotion of adobe conservation strategies. This research recommends the use of the construction system as a cultural value to guarantee the longevity of traditional building heritage, supported by research. It also stresses the importance of understanding the difficulties of application of conservation strategies, looking to a wider international area to better understand the reasons behind causes and eventual successes. It proposes an interpretation of evolution of the adobe construction system and identifies the main defects, both of which should constitute the base of knowledge of any conservation strategy. Finally, considering an integrated framework of conservation strategy, an approach is recommended that integrates key issues of awareness for heritage and research. The specific case study of adobe construction emphasized three main approach areas: the vernacular architecture for public awareness; thermal and comfort issues for protection strategy; and finally, the waterproof barrier with diatomaceous earth, its role in the decrease of salt’s effects and as an effective barrier, for the use of research to solve technical problems of earthen construction.
O risco de perder sistemas de construtivos antigos é altamente relevante em toda a região do Mediterrâneo, mas também em muitos outros países do mundo. O Património de terra e os sistemas construtivos mistos com madeira estão a decrescer rapidamente e são alvo de propostas para integrarem listas de Risco pela UNESCO, ICOMOS e com alertas de vários investigadores de todo o mundo. Estes sistemas, representam um valor cultural das sociedades, que está a ser negligenciado devido ao desenvolvimento desequilibrado, às demolições, à falta de conhecimento, e à falta de diretrizes para a conservação, em vez de a expectável única razão, de deterioração devido aos agentes naturais ou ao seu próprio envelhecimento. Embora algumas experiências de Conservação tenham sido bem sucedidas, os resultados ainda são escassos e os erros continuamente repetidos, impondo lacunas irreversíveis na leitura deste Património relevante, principalmente em áreas urbanas. Isto levanta questões sobre a abordagem à proteção, à conservação, e às razões que estão por trás de tão disseminada falha nos objetivos. A Arquitectura de Terra sofre precisamente destas dificuldades no estabelecimento de uma estratégia capaz de alcançar com sucesso o objetivo de preservar o seu Valor Cultural. O que requer uma investigação contínua e capacidade de comunicar a melhor estratégia de conservação capaz de alcançar com sucesso a compatibilização para a preservação do seu valor cultural, como apenas uma das etapas de um enquadramento equilibrado. Esta investigação tem como objetivo: descobrir as razões subjacentes ao fracasso de estratégias de conservação; investigar os sistemas de construção tradicionais, valorizando o caso da arquitetura de adobe; estudar a significância dos sistemas construtivos tradicionais como valores culturais a proteger e preservar; propor áreas de pesquisa de conservação dentro de um quadro de Conservação Integrada do Património construído, envolvendo o caso específico dos edifícios de adobe. As primeiras análises mostram evidências de múltiplas causas de fracasso para o apoio de medidas de conservação. O que mais se destaca é a falta de uma estratégia integrada de longo prazo, num programa reconhecido e apoiado. Em segundo lugar, a continuidade das deficiências é expressa nas escolhas inadequadas em vários níveis da tomada de decisão, a ausência de medidas de manutenção e conservação. Em terceiro lugar, a falta de conhecimento sobre os sistemas construtivos tradicionais (de adobe), sua evolução e ampla interação com a arquitetura, a abordagem sobre compatibilização dos atuais padrões de conforto com o valor cultural, e, finalmente, o problema particular do corte hídrico e controlo da ação dos sais no edificado antigo, são causas de falha nas estratégias de conservação de adobe, por falta de informação e de investigação. Esta pesquisa recomenda o reconhecimento do sistema construtivo como um valor cultural, para garantir a longevidade do Património construído tradicional, apoiado na investigação. Aborda as dificuldades de aplicação de estratégias de conservação, a nível internacional para melhor compreender as razões de sucesso ou fracasso. Propõe uma interpretação da evolução do sistema construtivo de adobe e identifica os principais defeitos, para apoiar a base de conhecimento de estratégias de conservação. Por fim, considerando o âmbito de uma Conservação Integrada recomenda uma abordagem que integre questões-chave de sensibilização para o património e investigação. O caso de estudo de construção de adobe enfatiza três destas áreas: a ligação entre a arquitetura vernacular e a arquitetura, para sensibilização do público; os problemas de compatibilidade com o conforto, para estratégia de proteção; e finalmente, o efeito da diatomite em barreiras de corte hídrico e aos sais, para apoio aos problemas técnicos de conservação do Património de Terra.
FCT - SFRH/BPD/113053/2015
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Raskin, Shaina. "Analysis and Ethical Conservation of a Roman Statue Head in the Scripps College Permanent Collection." Scholarship @ Claremont, 2015. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/scripps_theses/664.

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Unprovenanced and undocumented antiquities play a large roll in the international trade of antiquities, a billion dollar sector of the art market. The removal of these antiquities from their source countries creates many problems for the academic community and the standards put in place to eliminate illegal activity. An analysis of an ancient Roman statue head of Livia was used to demonstrate the usefulness of such an legally acquired undocumented antiquity. A visual analysis was first conducted on the Scripps Livia residing within the Scripps Permanent collection by creating comparisons to other known portraits of Livia. A chemical analysis was then conducted to continue verifying authenticity. With the use of a Scanning Electron Microscope, four samples removed from the sculpture were analyzed for elemental composition. Based on the data gathered from these analyses recommendations for new acquisition policies were created for the purpose of ethically researching and displaying the Scripps Livia.
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Conde, Diana Nogueira Rodrigues. "Study of materials, technique and conservation treatment of Sinfonia Heroica by Dordio Gomes." Master's thesis, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10362/6225.

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Reis, Dina da Costa. "The materials, technique, conservation treatment and after-care of interior de um convento." Master's thesis, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10362/6670.

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Dissertação apresentada na Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia da Universidade Nova de Lisboa para a obtenção do grau de Mestre em Conservação e Restauro, especialização em pintura sobre tela
This thesis concerns the study of the materials and techniques of the painting on canvas “Interior de um Convento” belonging to the Portuguese monument Pena National Palace (PNP) and the description of the conservation treatment carried out. The study required the use of several examination and analysis tools such as OM (Optical Microscopy), UV (ultraviolet) and IR (infrared) photography, μ-EDXRF (Energy Dispersive X-ray Fluorescence), μ-Raman (Raman spectroscopy) μ-FTIR (Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy) and SEM-EDX (Electron Scanning Microscopy with Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy). The conservation treatment focused on minimal intervention with the purpose of maintaining the integrity of a nineteen century painting that has never been restored until the present date. Simultaneously, a project to investigate the best back and front protection system for the PNP’s paintings collection was initiated. Relative Humidity (RH) and temperature fluctuations were measured in the Palace and inside the half-closed and fully closed systems used to protect twelve model paintings constructed for the purpose. The objective was to choose the best protection system for dampening RH and temperature fluctuations while preventing the risk of mould occurrence. The preliminary results (4 months of readings) showed that the risk of mould growth requires further study for in a more prolonged period which encompasses seasonal changes.
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Wilson, Helen Louise. "Investigation into non-aqueous remedial conservation treatments for iron-tannate dyed organic materials." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2013. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/investigation-into-nonaqueous-remedial-conservation-treatments-for-irontannate-dyed-organic-materials(e708b2e6-8932-472e-973e-2ad5cb1bf855).html.

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Iron-tannate dyes have been used for thousands of years and on many continents to colour materials that are now part of our cultural heritage shades of black, grey, or brown. Cellulosic and proteinaceous yarns and woven textiles have been dyed with iron-tannate dyes to form objects or components of objects for domestic and ceremonial use. Unfortunately, the longevity and useful lifetime of iron-tannate dyed objects is threatened by the dye itself which accelerates the degradation of organic materials through metal-catalysed oxidation and acid-catalysed hydrolysis. The accelerated degradation causes weakening, discolouration, and embrittlement of the organic materials at a faster rate than undyed equivalents and if left unimpeded, weakens the objects to the point that they are no longer able to be exhibited without damage. In some cases the degradation is so great that the dyed areas of the objects have crumbled to dust. At present there is no suitable chemical stabilisation method available with which to inhibit this degradation. An aqueous treatment is available for successfully stabilising paper containing iron gall ink; iron gall ink is chemically similar to iron-tannate dye. However, the aqueous nature of this treatment makes it unsuitable for weakened fibres, water soluble components, and water sensitive materials which may be part of a composite material containing iron-tannate dye. Non-aqueous treatments are therefore urgently needed in order to preserve our iron-tannate dyed cultural heritage for future generations.In this project a range of non-aqueous antioxidants and a non-aqueous deacidifier (described in Chapter 8) were tested alongside existing aqueous treatment in order to establish their ability to slow down the degradation of a range of model iron-tannate dyed textiles (Chapters 9 and 10). Model textiles were developed as part of the project (Chapters 3-5) to be substitutes for historic materials in these stabilisation studies. Validation of the model textiles for this purpose (Chapter 6) involved the comparison of the model textiles with selected historic iron-tannate dyed objects within the British Museum’s collection (Chapter 6). The historic objects and the properties of the model textiles before and after accelerated ageing (Chapters 5 and 6) and before and after treatment application (Chapters 9 and 10) have been characterised using a variety of analytical techniques (Chapter 2). In order to determine which accelerated ageing conditions were the most suitable for this project various combinations of elevated temperature and either cycling or stable relative humidity were tested for their ability to produce noticeable changes in the properties of the dyed model textiles within four weeks of ageing (Chapter 7). This project is an AHRC/EPSRC funded Science and Heritage Programme PhD in which the British Museum has been a collaborative institution. Among other wider dissemination methods, research from this project has been presented to the public on numerous occasions at gallery tours and Science Day events at the British Museum.
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Books on the topic "Materials conservation"

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Kumar, Roy Subir, Sanskrit College (Calcutta India), and West Bengal Government College Teachers' Association., eds. Conservation of library materials. Kolkata: Sanskrit College, 2002.

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Conservation of library materials. Springfield, Ill: Illinois State Library, 1985.

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American Institute for Conservation of Historic and Artistic Works. Photographic Materials Group. Photographic materials conservation catalog. Washintgon, D.C: The Group, 1994.

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Eric, May, and Jones Mark, eds. Conservation science: Heritage materials. Cambridge, UK: RSC Pub., 2006.

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S, Chopra H. Library conservation. New Delhi: Commonwealth Publishers, 1995.

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Mrinalini, Mani, and National Museum of India, eds. Thanjavur paintings: Materials, techniques & conservation. New Delhi: National Museum, 2005.

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Birch, Sandra K. Be water-wise: Conservation materials. Blacksburg, Va: The Center, 1988.

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Analytical techniques in materials conservation. Chichester, England: John Wiley & Sons, 2007.

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Landry, Julia M. S. The conservation of postal history materials. London: Camberwell College of Arts, 1993.

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Marsden, C. Paving materials in conservation area enhancements. Oxford: Oxford Brookes University, 1997.

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Book chapters on the topic "Materials conservation"

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Varshney, Ankita, and Mohammad Anis. "Materials and Methods." In Trees: Propagation and Conservation, 49–62. New Delhi: Springer India, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-81-322-1701-5_3.

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Lourenço, Paulo B. "Deterioration, conservation and strengthening of masonry." In Construction Materials, 675–90. Fifth edition. | Boca Raton : CRC Press, [2017]: CRC Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781315164595-58.

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D’Agostino, Salvatore. "Traditional and innovative materials." In Conservation and Restoration of Built Heritage, 53–60. London: CRC Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003160960-5.

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Cowin, Stephen C. "Continuum Formulations of Conservation Laws." In Continuum Mechanics of Anisotropic Materials, 53–74. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-5025-2_3.

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Bescher, E. P., and J. D. Mackenzie. "Sol–Gel Materials for Art Conservation." In Handbook of Sol-Gel Science and Technology, 1–15. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-19454-7_153-1.

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Bescher, Eric P., and John D. Mackenzie. "Sol-Gel Materials for Art Conservation." In Handbook of Sol-Gel Science and Technology, 2843–57. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-32101-1_153.

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Bucur, Voichita. "Conservation of Percussion Instruments." In Handbook of Materials for Percussion Musical Instruments, 963–88. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-98650-6_19.

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Muşkara, Üftade, and Seda Karayünlü Bozbaş. "Characterization of Earthen Building Materials in Gölcük Vernacular Houses." In Conservation of Architectural Heritage, 13–26. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-74482-3_2.

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Bayly, Brian. "Conservation." In Chemical Change in Deforming Materials. Oxford University Press, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195067644.003.0013.

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To show the purpose of this chapter, Figure 8.1 is repeated from the end of Chapter 5. The idea we use to draw together the two threads is the idea of conservation, e.g., of heat or mass. The central thought concerns a small volume inside a continuum, which we imagine together with its bounding surface: if we focus on something that can flow across the surface, such as heat, and designate by Q the quantity of heat inside the surface, then: . . . dQ/dt = (rate of flow in) — (rate of flow out) + rate of creation of heat by processes occurring within the boundary . . . Where mass is the thing that flows, one is often justified in assuming that no mass is created or destroyed within the boundary; when Q designates mass then, . . . dQ/dt = (rate of flow in) — (rate of flow out) . . . A volume-element that is particularly simple to imagine is an orthogonal block as in Figure 8.2.
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"Organic materials." In Elements of Archaeological Conservation, 258–315. Routledge, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780203169223-10.

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Conference papers on the topic "Materials conservation"

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Abraham, Margaret H., Stefanie Scheerer, Odile Madden, and Fran Adar. "Laser-induced chemical changes in art materials." In Lasers in Metrology and Art Conservation, edited by Renzo Salimbeni. SPIE, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.445646.

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Ferraro, Pietro, Sergio De Nicola, Andrea Finizio, Simonetta Grilli, and Giovanni Pierattini. "Digital holographic interferometry for characterization of transparent materials." In Lasers in Metrology and Art Conservation, edited by Roland Hoefling, Werner P. O. Jueptner, and Malgorzata Kujawinska. SPIE, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.445580.

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Barberis, Elettra, Emilio Marengo, and Marcello Manfredi. "Quantitative imaging to study new conservation materials." In 2015 Digital Heritage. IEEE, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/digitalheritage.2015.7419538.

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Waked, A. M. "Nano materials applications for conservation of cultural heritage." In STREMAH 2011. Southampton, UK: WIT Press, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.2495/str110481.

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Pasquet, Pierre, Pandora Psyllaki, Roland Oltra, Jean-Pierre Boquillon, Paul Leiderer, Johannes Boneberg, Suzanne Joiret, and Anne Hugot-Le Goff. "Laser cleaning of oxidized metallic materials: role of the optical properties of the oxide films." In Lasers in Metrology and Art Conservation, edited by Renzo Salimbeni. SPIE, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.445672.

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BARUCH, MENAHEM. "Mass conservation in the identification of space structures." In 30th Structures, Structural Dynamics and Materials Conference. Reston, Virigina: American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/6.1989-1239.

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Ion, Rodica-Mariana, Sofia Teodorescu, Raluca-Maria Ştirbescu, Ioan Alin Bucurica, Oana Dulama, and Mihaela-Lucia Ion. "Nanomaterials for Conservation / Preservation of Cultural Heritage." In The 6th International Conference on Advanced Materials and Systems. INCDTP - Division: Leather and Footwear Research Institute, Bucharest, RO, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.24264/icams-2016.v.4.

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"Preface: The 7th International Conference on Global Resource Conservation (ICGRC 2016)." In 2ND INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON COMPOSITE MATERIALS AND MATERIAL ENGINEERING (ICCMME 2017). Author(s), 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4983410.

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Chang, Kai, Guangren Sun, Fengguo Du, and Ruijian Wang. "Exploitation to promote biodiversity conservation of Magnolia sieboldii." In International conference on Future Energy, Environment and Materials. Southampton, UK: WIT Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.2495/feem130801.

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Fierascu, Radu Claudiu, Anda Maria Baroi, Roxana Ioana Brazdis, Toma Fistos, Valentin Raditoiu, Raluca Augusta Gabor, Cristian Andi Nicolae, and Irina Fierascu. "Conservation of wooden artifacts: evaluation of modern and classical materials." In Advanced Topics in Optoelectronics, Microelectronics and Nanotechnologies 2020, edited by Marian Vladescu, Ionica Cristea, and Razvan D. Tamas. SPIE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2571149.

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Reports on the topic "Materials conservation"

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Burton, R. A., and R. G. Burton. Research on ultra low wear materials for energy conservation: Final report. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), June 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/5779460.

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Pfluger, Rainer, Alexander Rieser, and Daniel Herrera, eds. Conservation compatible energy retrofit technologies: Part I: Introduction to the integrated approach for the identification of conservation compatible retrofit materials and solutions in historic buildings. IEA SHC Task 59, October 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.18777/ieashc-task59-2021-0004.

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According to the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP), existing European buildings consume about 40% of the total energy consumption in Europe. For this reason, in the last decades, several energy policies have been directed to deep renovation of the existing stock (as last 2018/844). Considering that more than one quarter of all European buildings were constructed before the 1950s, we can assume that many of them are of cultural, architectural, social and heritage values, hence in need of special attention for conservation purposes.
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Burton, R. A., and R. G. Burton. Research on ultra low wear materials for energy conservation: Final report, September 30, 1988--June 30, 1989. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), June 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/5922074.

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Pfluger, Rainer, and Alexander Rieser, eds. Conservation compatible energy retrofit technologies: Part III - Documentation and assessment of materials and solutions for wall insulation in historic buildings. IEA SHC Task 59, October 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.18777/ieashc-task59-2021-0006.

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Holzemer, Michael J., and Edward Hart. Materials and Fuels Complex Hazardous Waste Management Act/Resource Conservation and Recovery Act Storage and Treatment Permit Reapplication, Environmental Protection Agency Number ID4890008952. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), April 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1184079.

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Miller, James E. Wild Turkeys. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, January 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2018.7208751.ws.

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Like other bird and mammal species whose populations have been restored through conservation efforts, wild turkeys are treasured by many recreationists and outdoor enthusiasts. Wild turkeys have responded positively to wildlife habitat and population management. In some areas, however, their increased populations have led to increased damage to property and agricultural crops, and threats to human health and safety. Turkeys frequent agricultural fields, pastures, vineyards and orchards, as well as some urban and suburban neighborhoods. Because of this, they may cause damage or mistakenly be blamed for damage. Research has found that despite increases in turkey numbers and complaints, damage is often caused by other mammalian or bird species, not turkeys. In the instances where turkeys did cause damage, it was to specialty crops, vineyards, orchards, hay bales or silage pits during the winter. In cultured crops or gardens where wood chips, pine straw or other bedding materials (mulch) are placed around plants, wild turkeys sometimes scratch or dig up the material and damage plants when searching for food. Wild turkeys are a valuable game species, treasured by recreational hunters and wildlife enthusiasts.
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Rakotoarivelo, Hoby, Rao Garimella, Angela Herring, Mikhail Shashkov, Daniel Shevitz, Evgeny Kikinzon, Jan Velechovsky, Konstantin Lipnikov, and Navamita Ray. Conservative remapping of material-dependent fields between possibly misaligned material regions. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), July 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1875773.

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Aguilar, G., H. Waqa-Sakiti, and L. Winder. Using Predicted Locations and an Ensemble Approach to Address Sparse Data Sets for Species Distribution Modelling: Long-horned Beetles (Cerambycidae) of the Fiji Islands. Unitec ePress, December 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.34074/book.008.

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In response to unique species in Fiji which are threatened or endangered, and in critical need of effective conservation measures to ensure their survival, author Glenn Aguilar has produced an eMedia publication and learning research tool, called GIS For Conservation.The eMedia website hosts tutorial material, videos and modelling results for conservation management and planning purposes. Users will learn spatial analytical skills, species distribution modelling and other relevant GIS tools, as well as enhance ArcMap skills and the species distribution modelling tool Maxent. Accompanying the GIS For Conservation website is a peer-reviewed research report. The report details the case study and research methods that have informed the eMedia publication, focusing on the development of maps predicting the suitability of the Fiji Islands for longhorned beetles (Cerambycidae) that include endemic and endangered species such as the Giant Fijian Beetle Xixuthrus heros.
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Rodean, H. C. Mass conservation for instantaneous sources in FEM3 simulations of material dispersion. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), November 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/5662010.

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Guilfoyle, Michael, Ruth Beck, Bill Williams, Shannon Reinheimer, Lyle Burgoon, Samuel Jackson, Sherwin Beck, Burton Suedel, and Richard Fischer. Birds of the Craney Island Dredged Material Management Area, Portsmouth, Virginia, 2008-2020. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), September 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/45604.

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This report presents the results of a long-term trend analyses of seasonal bird community data from a monitoring effort conducted on the Craney Island Dredged Material Management Area (CIDMMA) from 2008 to 2020, Portsmouth, VA. The USACE Richmond District collaborated with the College of William and Mary and the Coastal Virginia Wildlife Observatory, Waterbird Team, to conduct year-round semimonthly area counts of the CIDMMA to examine species presence and population changes overtime. This effort provides information on the importance of the area to numerous bird species and bird species’ groups and provides an index to those species and group showing significant changes in populations during the monitoring period. We identified those species regionally identified as Highest, High, and Moderate Priority Species based on their status as rare, sensitive, or in need of conservation attention as identified by the Atlantic Coast Joint Venture (ACJV), Bird Conservation Region (BCR), New England/Mid-Atlantic Bird Conservation Area (BCR 30). Of 134 ranked priority species in the region, the CIDMMA supported 102 of 134 (76%) recognized in the BCR, including 16 of 19 (84%) of Highest priority ranked species, 47 of 60 (78.3%) of High priority species, and 39 of 55 (71%) of Moderate priority species for BCR 30. All bird count and species richness data collected were fitted to a negative binomial (mean abundance) or Poisson distribution (mean species richness) and a total of 271 species and over 1.5 million birds were detected during the monitoring period. Most all bird species and species groups showed stable or increasing trends during the monitoring period. These results indicate that the CIDMMA is an important site that supports numerous avian species of local and regional conservation concern throughout the year.
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