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Academic literature on the topic 'Materialism and Idealism'

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Published: 25 July 2024

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Journal articles on the topic "Materialism and Idealism"

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Burford, Mark. "Hanslick's Idealist Materialism." 19th-Century Music 30, no. 2 (2006): 166–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/ncm.2006.30.2.166.

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In the mid-nineteenth century, materialist and empiricist modes of thought characteristic of natural science increasingly called into question the speculation of German idealist philosophy. Music historians have commonly associated Eduard Hanslick's Vom Musikalisch-Schšnen (On the Musically Beautiful, 1854) with this tendency toward positivism, interpreting the treatise as an argument for musical formalism. His treatise indeed sought to revise idealist musical aesthetics, but in a far less straightforward way. Hanslick devotes considerable attention to the "material" that makes up music and the musical work. The nature of music's materiality is in fact a central pillar of Hanslick's argument, which draws on the abundant literature of the 1840s and 50s promoting scientific materialism and on what might be described as an Aristotelian conception of matter. Hanslick's goal, however, was not to deny idealism, but rather to negotiate a middle ground between idealism and materialism, thereby reconciling a prevailing conception of music's metaphysical status with the physical properties of matter. This is most clearly observed in his carefully crafted conception of the musical "tone," which unites the inner world of thought and the external world of nature. Hanslick's somewhat ironic use of a materialist framework to demonstrate music's inherent ideality betrayed a desire not only to attune musical aesthetics with the latest materialist theories, but also to preserve art music's exclusivity. On the Musically Beautiful is perhaps best understood not as an unequivocal case for formalism but as evidence of the complex ways in which mid-century tensions between idealism and materialism informed German musical discourse.
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Adler, Paul S., and Bryan Borys. "Materialism and Idealism in Organizational Research." Organization Studies 14, no. 5 (September 1993): 657–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/017084069301400503.

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Organization theory needs a framework that can elucidate the technological, economic, political and symbolic forces that are at work in and on organizations. Much organizational research can be seen as materialist, by virtue of its granting primary causal efficacy to technical—economic forces, or idealist by virtue of privileging political—symbolic forces. The conflict between materialism and ideal ism has often been inflated and/or obscured by conceptual strategies of specializa tion, eclecticism and reductionism. A metatheoretical approach to materialism and idealism is presented that clarifies the fundamental nature of the approaches and distinguishes areas of possible reconciliation from areas of irreducible conflict.
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Paiva, Mikhael Lemos. "MATERIALISM, IDEALISM AND THE ONTO-EPISTEMOLOGICAL ROOTS OF GEOGRAPHY." InterEspaço: Revista de Geografia e Interdisciplinaridade 3, no. 9 (October 10, 2017): 07. http://dx.doi.org/10.18764/2446-6549.v3n9p07-26.

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MATERIALISMO, IDEALISMO E AS RAÍZES ONTO-EPISTEMOLÓGICAS DA GEOGRAFIAMATERIALISMO, IDEALISMO E LAS RAÍCES ONTO-EPISTEMOLÓGICAS DE LA GEOGRAFÍAThe present article has as proposal the discussion of the philosophical categories of Idealism and Materialism in the Geographical thought. Starting from the assumption that the knowledge is a fact, we explicit our onto-epistemological basis by a dialog between the main representatives of each Philosophy pole, from Democritus to Hegel, exposing after the sublation to the metaphysics done by the dialectical materialism. Using a bridge to the hard core of the Critical Geography (Lefebvre, Harvey and Quaini), we transmute the philosophical debate to the geographical field showing the often ignored roots, logic and addictions of the Modern Geography. Retaking in the end the duel between Idealism and Materialism, we present our thesis in which the Crisis of Geography is, in fact, just the result of a process originated from its incapacity as a discipline to overcome the limiter vestige of its birth: the Metaphysics.Keywords: Philosophy of Geography; Lefebvre; Historical Materialism; Geography’s Crisis.RESUMOO presente artigo tem como proposta a discussão das categorias filosóficas de idealismo e materialismo no pensamento Geográfico. Partindo do pressuposto de que o conhecimento é um fato, explicitamos a nossa base onto-epistemológica por meio de um diálogo entre os principais representantes de cada polo da Filosofia, de Demócrito à Hegel, expondo logo após a suprassunção à metafísica realizada pelo materialismo dialético. Pela ponte com o núcleo duro da Geografia Crítica (Lefebvre, Harvey e Quaini), transmutamos o debate filosófico para o campo geográfico ao mostrar as tão ignoradas raízes, lógica e vícios da Geografia Moderna. Retomando ao fim o duelo entre idealismo e materialismo, apresentamos nossa tese de que a Crise da Geografia é, na verdade, apenas o resultado de um processo oriundo de sua incapacidade como disciplina de superar o resquício limitador de seu berço: a Metafísica.Palavras-chave: Filosofia da Geografia; Lefebvre; Materialismo Dialético; Crise da Geografia.RESUMEN En este artículo se propone la discusión de las categorías filosóficas del idealismo y el materialismo en el pensamiento geográfico. En la hipótesis de que el conocimiento es un hecho, aclaramos nuestra base ontológica y epistemológica por medio de un diálogo entre los principales representantes de cada polo de la filosofía, Demócrito hasta Hegel, lo que sigue la supresión hacia la metafísica realizada por el materialismo dialéctico. Considerando los autores claves en la Geografía Crítica (Lefebvre, Harvey e Quaini), ubicamos el debate filosófico hacia el campo geográfico para indicar las raíces, por supuesto ignoradas, la lógica y los vicios de la Moderna Geografía. Pronto la retomada en el fin del artículo entre idealismo y materialismo, enseñaremos nuestra tesis de que la crisis de la Geografía es, en verdad, solamente el resultado de un proceso oriundo de su incapacidad, cómo disciplina, en superar el vestigio limitador de su cuna: la Metafísica.Palabras clave: Filosofía de la Geografía; Lefebvre; Materialismo Dialéctico; Crisis de la Geografía.
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Lemos Paiva, Mikhael. "MATERIALISMO, IDEALISMO E AS RAÍZES ONTO-EPISTEMOLÓGICAS DA GEOGRAFIA." InterEspaço: Revista de Geografia e Interdisciplinaridade 3, no. 8 (August 14, 2017): 268. http://dx.doi.org/10.18764/2446-6549.v3n8p268-287.

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MATERIALISM, IDEALISM AND THE ONTO-EPISTEMOLOGICAL ROOTS OF GEOGRAPHYMATERIALISMO, IDEALISMO E LAS RAÍCES ONTO-EPISTEMOLÓGICAS DE LA GEOGRAFÍAO presente artigo tem como proposta a discussão das categorias filosóficas de idealismo e materialismo no pensamento Geográfico. Partindo do pressuposto de que o conhecimento é um fato, explicitamos a nossa base onto-epistemológica por meio de um diálogo entre os principais representantes de cada polo da Filosofia, de Demócrito à Hegel, expondo logo após a suprassunção à metafísica realizada pelo materialismo dialético. Pela ponte com o núcleo duro da Geografia Crítica (Lefebvre, Harvey e Quaini), transmutamos o debate filosófico para o campo geográfico ao mostrar as tão ignoradas raízes, lógica e vícios da Geografia Moderna. Retomando ao fim o duelo entre idealismo e materialismo, apresentamos nossa tese de que a Crise da Geografia é, na verdade, apenas o resultado de um processo oriundo de sua incapacidade como disciplina de superar o resquício limitador de seu berço: A Metafísica.Palavras-chave: Filosofia da Geografia; Lefebvre; Materialismo Dialético; Crise da Geografia.ABTRACTThe present article has as proposal the discussion of the philosophical categories of Idealism and Materialism in the Geographical thought. Starting from the assumption that the knowledge is a fact, we explicit our onto-epistemological basis by a dialog between the main representatives of each Philosophy pole, from Democritus to Hegel, exposing after the sublation to the metaphysics done by the dialectical materialism. Using a bridge to the hard core of the Critical Geography (Lefebvre, Harvey and Quaini), we transmute the philosophical debate to the geographical field showing the often ignored roots, logic and addictions of the Modern Geography. Retaking in the end the duel between Idealism and Materialism, we present our thesis in which the Crisis of Geography is, in fact, just the result of a process originated from its incapacity as a discipline to overcome the limiter vestige of its birth: The Metaphysics.Keywords: Philosophy of Geography; Lefebvre; Historical Materialism; Geography’s Crisis.RESUMENEn este artículo se propone la discusión de las categorías filosóficas del idealismo y el materialismo en el pensamiento geográfico. En la hipótesis de que el conocimiento es un hecho, aclaramos nuestra base ontológica y epistemológica por medio de un diálogo entre los principales representantes de cada polo de la filosofía, Demócrito hasta Hegel, lo que sigue la supresión hacia la metafísica realizada por el materialismo dialéctico. Considerando los autores claves en la Geografía Crítica (Lefebvre, Harvey e Quaini), ubicamos el debate filosófico hacia el campo geográfico para indicar las raíces, por supuesto ignoradas, la lógica y los vicios de la Moderna Geografía. Pronto la retomada en el fin del artículo entre idealismo y materialismo, enseñaremos nuestra tesis de que la crisis de la Geografía es, en verdad, solamente el resultado de un proceso oriundo de su incapacidad, cómo disciplina, en superar el vestigio limitador de su cuna: la Metafísica.Palabras clave: Filosofía de la Geografía; Lefebvre; Materialismo Dialéctico; Crisis de la Geografía.
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Thomas, Emily. "Constance Naden’s Metaphysics: Hylo-Idealism’s Ideal Known World and Unknown Matter." Journal of the History of Philosophy 62, no. 3 (July 2024): 475–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/hph.2024.a932357.

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abstract: In 1880s Britain, Constance Naden defended “hylo-idealism,” a theory aiming to unify materialism with idealism. This paper offers the first sustained study of Naden’s metaphysical system. On this new reading of Naden’s hylo-idealism, her materialism is carefully qualified; and her idealism is distinctively Kantian, her construal of the external cosmos as Unknown placing her within the Victorian school of metaphysical agnostics. I distinguish Naden’s system from that of fellow hylo-idealist Robert Lewins and argue it lies closer to that of evolutionist Thomas Henry Huxley. Against various critics, I show that Naden has the resources to rebuff objections facing hylo-idealism. This paper seeks to open further avenues for Naden scholarship and help us better understand Victorian metaphysics more generally.
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Hyland, Prof Terry. "Consciousness, Analytic Idealism and Buddhist Foundations: Exploring Non-Materialist Ways of Connecting Eastern and Western Spiritual Perspectives." Advances in Social Science and Culture 4, no. 2 (April 27, 2022): p56. http://dx.doi.org/10.22158/assc.v4n2p56.

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Contemporary approaches to explaining the connections and reconciling perceived differences between spiritual and scientific interpretations of reality have tended to accept mainstream interpretations of physics, cosmology and biology. The resultant putative combinations of ideas-seeking to equate materialist with non-materialist worldviews-display anomalous, artificial and deeply problematic features. Instead of accepting the validity of scientific materialism-expressed in accounts offered, for instance, by Thich Nhat Hanh, the Dalai Lama, and, in a more secular context, Deepak Chopra and Fritjof Capra-the central thesis of this paper is that it is more plausible to question the foundations of materialism and argue for an idealist interpretation of both science, reality and spirituality as suggested in recent work by Bernardo Kastrup, Steve Taylor and Donald Hoffman. After exploring the central claims of these new interpretations of idealism-and their principal critiques of scientific materialism-arguments that such perspectives offer a richer, more cogent and more parsimonious method of linking Eastern and Western worldviews than the flawed materialist perspectives will be explained and justified.
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Rae, Gavin. "The “New” Materialisms of Jacques Lacan and Judith Butler." Philosophy Today 65, no. 3 (2021): 655–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.5840/philtoday2021521412.

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This article defends Jacques Lacan and Judith Butler against the long-standing but recently reiterated charge that they affirm a linguistic idealism or foundationalism. First outlining the parameters of Lacan’s thinking on this topic through his comments on the materiality inherent in the imaginary, symbolic, real schema to show that he offers an account built around the tension between the real and symbolic, I then move to Butler to argue that she more coherently identifies the parameters of the problem before offering an explanation based on paradox. With this, both offer (1) a forceful rebuttal of linguistic idealism, (2) a far more complex analysis of the materialism–signification relation than their new materialist critics tend to appreciate, and (3) innovative but often-ignored “new” materialisms of their own.
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Kelly, Sean M. "Beyond Materialism and Idealism." Idealistic Studies 22, no. 1 (1992): 28–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.5840/idstudies19922218.

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Matsuno, Koichiro, and Stanley N. Salthe. "Global idealism/local materialism." Biology & Philosophy 10, no. 3 (July 1995): 309–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00852471.

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Sbriglia, Russell. "Notes Toward an Extimate Materialism: A Reply to Graham Harman." Open Philosophy 4, no. 1 (January 1, 2021): 106–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/opphil-2020-0175.

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Abstract This article mounts a defense of my and Slavoj Žižek’s co-edited anthology, Subject Lessons: Hegel, Lacan, and the Future of Materialism, against the two main criticisms of it made throughout Graham Harman’s article “The Battle of Objects and Subjects”: (1) that we and our fellow contributors are guilty of gross overgeneralization when we classify thinkers from various schools of thought – among them New Materialism, object-oriented ontology, speculative realism, and actor–network theory – under the broad rubric of the “new materialisms”; and (2) that despite our pretensions to the mantle of materialism, our Lacano-Hegelian position is actually a full-blown idealism. In responding to and attempting to refute these criticisms, I make the case that our Lacano-Hegelian model of dialectical materialism is an “extimate materialism.”
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Materialism and Idealism"

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Eidt, Celso. "Da crítica idealista à crítica materialista = ser genérico e gênese do comunismo." [s.n.], 2010. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/281310.

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Orientador: Marcos Lutz Müller
Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Filosofia e Ciências Humanas
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Resumo: O tema central deste trabalho é a teoria do comunismo no jovem Marx. Seu plano geral é expor, seguindo os escritos de juventude que vão da Gazeta Renana à Ideologia alemã, o percurso e o arranjo teórico-conceitual pelo qual Marx desenvolve a teoria do comunismo enquanto sociabilidade alternativa à ordem social burguesa. Nesse movimento, busca evidenciar como o pensamento de Marx parte da perspectiva hegeliana do Estado ético, avança nos debates sobre os temas da emancipação política e humana e da unidade do universal político e do particular social, até o conceito de ser genérico, retomado de Feuerbach, o qual ainda opera nos Manuscritos econômico-filosóficos, onde se encontram as primeiras teses da teoria do comunismo, que alcançará na Ideologia alemã os fundamentos do materialismo histórico
Abstract: The central theme of this work is the communism theory in the young Marx. Its general plan is to expose, following the writings of his youth ranging from Rhenish Gazette to German Ideology, the path and the theoretical-conceptual arrangement through which Marx developed the theory of communism as a alternative sociability to the bourgeois social order. In this movement, it seeks to show how Marx's thought starts from the hegelian perspective of the Ethical state, it advances in debates on issues of political and human emancipation and of the unity of the universal political and of the particular social, until it reaches the concept of generic being, taken from Feuerbach, which still operates in Economic and Philosophic Manuscript, where the first thesis of the communism theory will be found, which will reach in German Ideology the foundations of historical materialism
Doutorado
Filosofia
Doutor em Filosofia
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Burns, Michael. "A fractured dialectic : Søren Kierkegaard between idealism and materialism." Thesis, University of Dundee, 2014. https://discovery.dundee.ac.uk/en/studentTheses/c0e0aea4-33cd-42ee-aa0d-29e799f47fa6.

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This thesis aims to consider the contemporary relevance of the philosophical and religious project of Søren Kierkegaard by offering a systematic reading of his work against the backdrop of 19th century German idealism. Along with an emphasis on a systematic interpretation of a thinker usually considered to be wholly anti-systematic in aim and orientation, I also aim to show that through developing an ontological interpretation of the work of Kierkegaard the grounds are also created to develop a social and political interpretation of his work. Ultimately, I use the ontological and political reading of Kierkegaard developed in this work to not only show the relevance of this project to contemporary materialist philosophy, but equally to show how this version of Kierkegaard is capable of offering some crucial correctives to contemporary materialism.
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Rocha, Renato Gomes de Araujo. "Teorias da Conduta: uma análise crítica." Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, 2014. http://www.bdtd.uerj.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=7485.

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Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro
Neste trabalho foram analisadas e comparadas as principais teorias da conduta. Com isso buscou-se não apenas aprofundar um debate frequentemente mediado pelos manuais, mas também, por meio do recurso aos aportes críticos da bibliografia latino-americana, verificar se a concepção ontológica de conduta é de fato a mais limitadora ao poder punitivo. Parte do eixo analítico deste trabalho passa pelo estudo da articulação entre o respeito à estrutura lógico-objetiva da conduta humana como base de sucessivas valorações e a função limitadora da conduta. Com isso, pretende-se debater se a minimização dessa estrutura lógico-objetiva, acarretando a um acréscimo potencial de uma normativização do direito penal, representaria uma maior exposição do sujeito ao poder punitivo. A partir do conceito de praxis, como desenvolvido por Lukács, busca-se paralelamente uma base filosófica que não se esgote na compartimentalização jurídica. Trata-se de uma corrente que reivindica criticamente a herança teórica das principais contribuições filosóficas ocidentais, desde proposições aristotélicas, passando pelos conceitos hegelianos, chegando ao debate sobre objetificação hegeliano-marxista.
This study analyzed and compared the major theories about human conduct. The intent behind this was to not only deepen a debate often mediated by the manuals, but also, through the use of the critical contributions of Latin-american literature, to verify if the ontological conception of conduct is indeed the most limiting of punitive power. Part of the analytical axis of this work involves the study of the relationship between the respect for logical-objective structures of human conduct, as the basis of successive value attributions, and conduct in its limiting function. With this, we intend to debate whether the reduction of recognition of logical-objective structures, leading to increased potential for normative aspects of criminal law, represents a greater exposure of the subject to punitive power. From the concept of praxis, as developed by Lukacs, we aim to find a philosophical basis that is not exhausted in legal compartmentalization. This theoretical path critically claims the heritage of major Western philosophical contributions, from Aristotelian propositions through the Hegelian concepts, reaching the debate on Hegelian-Marxist objectification.
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Renton, Alistair. "An apology for materialism." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/1720.

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It is natural to suppose that mental and physical properties are importantly distinct. Yet whatever this difference is, it has to be compatible with interaction between the mind and the body. Satisfaction of these desiderata leads to a paradox. If you make the mind strongly separate from the body, then there is the problem of bringing them together. If you unite them, then there is the problem of preserving their distinctiveness. It is the aim of this thesis to resolve the paradox. From the outset, it is assumed that the nature of interaction is most satisfactorily explained by an account of mental properties in monistic terms. For reasons for space, the arguments of Materialism are concentrated upon at the exposure of Idealism. Three strategies are examined, and found wanting. First, an instance of a non-reductive account provided by Davidson's 'Anomalous Monism'. Here, mental properties seem to be left with no role in influencing behaviour. Second, a review of reductionist accounts, ranging from Identity Theories to Representationalism. Criticism focuses upon the failure of reductionism to explain the connection between the function of a conscious state and its particular character. A Materialist treats mental states as if they were part of the physical universe. This implies that the nature of these states may be understood through scientific investigation, in the same manner as all other phenomena. The third strategy is to deny the above implication: that is, deny the assertion that, by existing, all aspects of an object are thereby knowable. The ideas of Colin McGinn are discussed as an example of this position. Since his arguments are equally suitable for non-Materialist purposes, they do not constitute an exclusively Materialist solution to the above paradox. This thesis offers an alternative way of pursuing the above strategy. It argues that the relation between mental states and our ways of understanding phenomena, is such that we should not expect our theories about the nature of 'mind' and the 'physical world' to employ the same terms. These properties appear distinct, not because they are different substances, but because they occupy different sides of the ‘process of understanding’ - ‘thing understood’ relationship. For convenience, this position is referred to as ‘Agnostic Materialism’. As interaction between the mind and the body is compatible with the mind having no influence upon our behaviour, it is incumbent upon the thesis to defend Materialism against the claim that mental properties are epiphenomenal. This is achieved by teasing out two ways in which such properties are considered inert: either because the workings of the mind are independent of the body; or because the mind’s processes are irrelevant to those of the body. The first claim is seen arise from the difficulty of seeing the mind as part of the physical world - a difficulty removed by the arguments in the previous paragraph. The second claim gains plausibility through a mistaken adherence to certain models of scientific explanation.
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Al-Saffar, Ali Kamil Sadeq. "The development of the concepts of materialism and idealism in the poetical works of Samuel Taylor Coleridge." Thesis, University of Leicester, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/2381/41083.

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The purpose of this thesis is to trace the development of the concepts of materialism and idealism in Coleridge’s poetry and philosophy. ‘Trace’, in this sense, signifies the poet’s interaction with earlier and contemporary schools of philosophy and how their thoughts and influences contributed to the gradual evolution of his poetic identity during the late eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries. As such, the study will trace Coleridge's literary and philosophical development from his early engagement with classical literature and philosophy, particularly Plato, down to Neoplatonism which will be initially represented here by the two key figures of Thomas Taylor (1758-1835) and Ralph Cudworth (1617-1688). The significance of this study lies in the renewed attention it will give to the poet’s endeavours to reform what he regarded as the constrictive influence of post-Lockean British philosophy. Furthermore, it attempts to show the poet's creative and causative abilities through which he has shown the possibility of synthesizing poetry and philosophy, mind and matter, in such a way that refutes the hypothesis of mind’s passiveness in front of mechanical nature. It will, therefore, demonstrate how Coleridge’s imagination invigorates the mind to transcend beyond the sphere of matter and nature itself.
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Roselino, Luis Felipe Martins de Salles. "Sobre alguns traços idealistas na interpretação espiritualista de Max Weber: Da fragmentação estética à crise ética moderna." Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2014. https://repositorio.ufscar.br/handle/ufscar/4807.

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The main subject of this investigation is concerned with the idealistic influences on Max Weber spiritualistic interpretation. The problem gained as heritage from German idealism, initially referred as an inverted world , since it can be understood as the difficulty that challenges the historic interpretation of practical values, this problem may be also identified inside Max Weber s interpretation of both, ethical and aesthetical phenomena. This investigation is twofold, as the subtitle indicates; the first part shall deal with the aesthetical fragmentation, the emergence of conflictive values in the artistic phenomena. The second part shall deal with the ethical crisis, undertaking this expression in the most literal sense, as a breakdown or a rupture of the ethical world. Both interpretations shall joint together, composing the Weberian diagnosis of an absolute polytheism and of the problem of theodicy. The Weberian theory of values once properly grasped shall finally guide us to draw a conclusion about the relation between spiritualistic and materialistic interpretations, as presented in the guidelines of Max Weber s greatest interests in the economic ethics of the world religions.
O principal tema dessa investigação está voltado para as influências idealistas na intepretação espiritualista de Max Weber. O problema adquirido por herança do idealismo alemão, denominado inicialmente de problema do mundo invertido , corresponde à dificuldade que desafia a intepretação histórica dos valores práticos. Ele será identificado no interior da interpretação de Max Weber tanto dos fenômenos éticos como estéticos. Tal como o subtítulo sugere, trata-se de uma investigação em duas instâncias; a primeira abordará a fragmentação estética, o surgimento de valores conflitantes segundo os fenômenos do campo da arte. A segunda parte abordará a crise ética, tomando essa expressão no seu sentido mais literal, como um rompimento, uma cisão no mundo ético. Essas duas interpretações poderão ser justapostas por se remeterem tanto ao diagnóstico de Weber de um politeísmo, como ao problema da teodiceia. Uma vez que a teoria weberiana dos valores for propriamente identificada, ela poderá então nos conduzir a uma conclusão acerca da relação entre a interpretação espiritualista e materialista que compõe o principal interesse de Max Weber na ética econômica das religiões mundiais.
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Silva, Lucas Eduardo da. "Estética e contemporaneidade: por uma outra filosofia da música nova." Universidade de São Paulo, 2016. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/27/27157/tde-22092016-144019/.

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Com a finalidade de propor uma abordagem filosófica em torno de diversos problemas atuais da estética musical, em especial buscando identificar e situar uma crise existente na sua elaboração disciplinar, serão lançados nesta tese estudos sobre a problemática relação da estética com outros campos do conhecimento, tanto aqueles vinculados às ciências empírico-matemáticas quanto às ciências humanas. Questões centrais sobre a relação entre as artes e a filosofia, sobre o papel e a situação do esteta moderno, e sobre as tendências da composição musical contemporânea também serão abordadas, sempre no intuito de apresentar possibilidades epistemológicas para uma nova estética musical que sejam consubstanciais aos problemas das artes e da música contemporânea, bem como elementos para definições de arte e da música que sejam alternativas à histórica pregnância na modernidade do pensamento de vanguarda. Para tanto, esta tese se divide em quatro grandes ensaios, pretendendo-se que possam ser tomados, para além de sua unidade temática e estrutural, também isoladamente.
In this dissertation, studies about the problematic relationship of aesthetics with other fields of knowledge, as those bound to empirical-mathematical sciences as well to human sciences, will be launched with the goal of proposing a philosophical approach around various current musical aesthetics problems, specially aiming to identify and to situate an existent crisis in its disciplinary elaboration. Main questions about the relation among arts and philosophy, about the role and situation of the modern aesthete, and about trends of contemporary musical composition will be broached as well, always intending to present epistemológical possibilities to a new musical aesthetics that are consubstantial to the problems of arts and contemporary music, as well as elements for definitions of art and music which may be alternative to historical impression of modernity on avant-garde thinking. Therefore, this dissertation is divided in four great essays, with the intention that they may be taken, over and above its thematic and structural unit, also separately.
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Watt, Abdoulaye. "Feuerbach critique de Hegel : de l’idéel au réel." Thesis, Nice, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016NICE2007.

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Ce travail propose une analyse de l’idéalisme absolu, de l’humanisme et de du matérialisme dialectique à travers les pensées respectives de Hegel, Feuerbach et Marx. Il s’agit pour nous d’étudier ici trois doctrines philosophiques qui se suivent chro- logiquement en montrant notamment comment s’est opéré le passage de l’idéalisme absolu de Hegel à l’humanisme philosophique de Feuerbach qui fera l’objet d’une critique assez sévère de la part de Marx qui par la même occasion le rejette après l’avoir intégré comme un moment dans l’élaboration de sa conception matérialiste du monde.Souvent présenté comme un penseur de second plan, dont le seul mérite est d’avoir amorcé les principes d’une critique de la pensée de Hegel dont il n’est jamais parvenu à se départir en tant qu’ancien disciple, Feuerbach occupe dans l’histoire de la philosophie une place pour le moins inconfortable. En effet, face à l’impérialisme marxien et hégélien (deux monuments de la philosophie), la pensée de Feuerbach est souvent présentée comme secondaire par les marxistes. C’est pourquoi l’un des objectifs de ce présent travail est d’étudier la pensée de Feuerbach pour ce qu’elle est et non à travers les grilles d’une lecture marxiste
This work proposes an analysis of the absolute idealism, the humanism and the dialectical materialism through the respective thoughts of Hegel, Feuerbach and Marx. It is a question for us of studying here three philosophic doctrines which follow each other chro - logically by showing in particular how took place the passage of the idealism absolved from Hegel in the philosophic humanism of Feuerbach which will be the object of a rather severe criticism on behalf of Marx who at the same time rejects him(it) having integrated(joined) him(it) as moment into the elaboration of its materialistic conception(design) of the word
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Candioti, Miguel. "Práctica y poder social : una reconstrucción de la teoría general de Karl Marx." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/285970.

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En el presente trabajo se intenta reconstruir la teoría general de Karl Marx tomando como eje la concepción específicamente materialista de “práctica” que dicho autor introduce a través de una original traducción histórico-social de las críticas feuerbachianas de la religión y de la filosofía hegeliana. Este nuevo materialismo, que se centra en la práctica entendida como la actividad humana objetivamente transformadora de la realidad natural y social –y, por tanto, como un elemento material que condiciona profundamente a la actividad cognitiva–, es presentado como una inversión de la tradicional subordinación de la práctica al conocimiento. Se analiza también de qué maneras ese materialismo práctico atraviesa toda la teoría marxiana –desde antes de las equívocas Tesis sobre Feuerbach–, y cómo va enriqueciéndose y complejizándose notablemente a lo largo de los años, sin perder su sentido original de crítica a la “enajenación real” de la práctica social y su poder.
This thesis aims to reconstruct Karl Marx’s general theory starting from the specifically materialist conception of “practice” introduced by this author through an original translation of Feuerbachian criticism of religion and Hegelian philosophy into historical-social terms. This new materialism, which focuses on practice understood as the human activity that objectively transforms natural and social reality –and hence, as a material element that deeply determines cognitive activity– is presented as an inversion of the traditional subordination of practice to knowledge. The present work examines the ways in which this practical materialism forms a thread that runs throughout the whole Marxian theory –since before the ambiguous Theses on Feuerbach–, and how it gets significantly richer and more complex over the years, but without losing its original sense of criticism of "real alienation" of social practice and its power.
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Jonsson, Kjell. "Vid vetandets gräns : om skiljelinjen mellan naturvetenskap och metafysik i svensk kulturdebatt 1870-1920." Doctoral thesis, Umeå universitet, Humanistiska fakulteten, 1987. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-61928.

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The object of this dissertation is to describe the opinions about the limits of natural science in their social and cultural context There exist two antagonistic positions to this matter restrictionism and expansionism. Restrictionism assumes that the natural sciences have no influence on metaphysics. Expansionism, on die other hand, argues that the natural sciences can legitimise the positions of beliefs and values. During the 1870b a restrictionist attitude on scientific knowledge established itself among influential German and British scientists. Emil Du Bois-Reymond, Rudolf Virchow, Hermann von Helmholtz and Thomas Henry Huxley were some of the famous scientists who rejected attempts to adduce science in religious and metaphysical matter. This restrictionism was rejected by other scientists and philosophers who believed that the modern natural sciences constituted a complete Weltanschauung, hostile to obsolete Christianity and philosophy. The thesis primarily deals with the debate on the limits of scientific knowledge in Sweden. We follow the development of the discussion from the 1870's to the years after the First World War. At the end of the 19th century Swedish scientists freed themselves from dominant natural philosophy and natural theology. Restrictionism was later on supported, in different ways, by recognized scientists, theologians, conservative critics, and philosophers. At the turn of the centuiy the restrictionist view of science was turned against metaphysical materialism, monism, naturalism, and an emergent, radical counter-culture. The controversies continued as long as the mechanical world picture dominated the natural sciences. With social and cultural changes, and the new physics of Rutherford, Einstein, Bohr, and Heisenberg, the debate slowly faded.
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Books on the topic "Materialism and Idealism"

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Rousselle, Duane, and Jason Adams, eds. Ontological Anarché: Beyond Materialism and Idealism. New York, USA: Punctum Books, 2014.

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Wilczek, Gerhard. Materialismus und Idealismus im 20. Jahrhundert. Eichstätt [Germany]: Brönner & Daentler KG, 1990.

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Gumnit︠s︡kiĭ, Grigoriĭ Nikolaevich. Materializm ili idealizm ?: Filosofskie ocherki. Ivanovo: Ivanovskai︠a︡ arkhitekturno-stroitelʹnai︠a︡ akademii︠a︡, 2000.

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Costanzo, Preve. Ripensare Marx: Filosofia, idealismo, materialismo. Potenza: Ermes, 2007.

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Costanzo, Preve. Un' approssimazione al pensiero di Karl Marx: Tra materialismo e idealismo. Saonara (Pd) [i.e. Padua, Italy]: Il prato, 2007.

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Johnston, Adrian. Žižek's ontology: A transcendental materialist theory of subjectivity. Evanston, Ill: Northwestern University Press, 2008.

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Li͡ubishchev, A. A. Linii Demokrita i Platona v istorii kulʹtury. Sankt-Peterburg: Izd-vo "Aleteĭi͡a", 2000.

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Li͡ubishchev, A. A. Linii Demokrita i Platona v istorii kulʹtury. Moskva: Ėlektrika, 1997.

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Antonio, Caso. Idealismo vs. materialismo: Polémicas filosóficas : Caso-Lombardo, Caso- Zamora, Caso-Lombardo. Morelia, Michoacán, México: Masonería Filosófica de Michocán, 2008.

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Vlasi͡uk, V. I. Idealizm sovremennogo materializma ; Osnovy teorii obshchestvennogo razvitii͡a. Moskva: IPA, 1994.

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Book chapters on the topic "Materialism and Idealism"

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Trusted, Jennifer. "Idealism and Materialism." In Beliefs and Biology, 100–122. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230375246_6.

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Trusted, Jennifer. "Idealism and Materialism." In Beliefs and Biology, 100–122. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230597679_6.

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Short, Simine. "Internationalism, Idealism and Materialism." In Springer Biographies, 259–93. Cham: Springer Nature Switzerland, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-24430-8_7.

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Chambers, James. "Social Ontology of Materialism and Idealism." In Marx and Laozi, 251–87. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-40981-3_8.

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King, Geoff. "The Imperialist Map: Beyond Materialism and Idealism." In Mapping Reality, 137–66. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-24427-0_7.

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Johns, Charles William. "Materialism, Idealism, Semiotics, the Subconscious, the Object." In The Irreducible Reality of the Object, 5–9. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-51414-3_2.

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Voelker, Jan. "From Hegel to Kant: The Thing-of-Itself German Idealism." In Slavoj Žižek and Dialectical Materialism, 57–68. New York: Palgrave Macmillan US, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781137538611_5.

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Weintraub, Ruth. "Materialism Is More Sceptical than Idealism in Hume’s System." In Humean Bodies and their Consequences, 141–42. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-50799-1_12.

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Greenberg, Susan L. "Editing and the Real: From Postmodern Idealism to New Materialism." In A Poetics of Editing, 143–73. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-92246-1_6.

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Goggin, W. Ezekiel, and Sean Hannan. "The Spark and the Counterfeit." In Mysticism and Materialism in the Wake of German Idealism, 8–34. London: Routledge, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003090250-2.

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Conference papers on the topic "Materialism and Idealism"

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Ishomuddin, Mr. "From Idealism-Rationalism to Pragmatism-Materialism: Shift in Understanding Religion to Islamic Society in East Java, Indonesia." In 2018 3rd International Conference on Education, Sports, Arts and Management Engineering (ICESAME 2018). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/amca-18.2018.190.

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Haryono, Bagus, and Ahmad Zuber. "The Impact of the Learning Process on the Level of the Student Idealism at the Materialism and Pragmatism Eras." In The 2nd International Conference on Sociology Education. SCITEPRESS - Science and Technology Publications, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.5220/0007095502050209.

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Anitha, B., and M. Vidhya. "(λ, μ)-hesitant fuzzy subrings and ideals." In FOURTH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ADVANCES IN PHYSICAL SCIENCES AND MATERIALS: ICAPSM 2023. AIP Publishing, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0216390.

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Brown, D. B., J. V. Gilfrich, R. K. Freitag, H. B. Rosenstock, J. H. Konnert, P. D’Antonio, P. B. Burkhalter, and C. M. Dozier. "Experimental and Theoretical Soft X-Ray Reflectivities for Mo-B4C Multilayer Structures." In Physics of X-Ray Multilayer Structures. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/pxrayms.1992.wb4.

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The use of artificial multilayer structures (MLS) as wavelength dispersive elements has proven of great importance in soft x-ray (2 to 15 nm) spectroscopy. Much of the early work in this field has concentrated on structures consisting of alternating layers of a pair of materials, one of high atomic number (most commonly tungsten) and one of low atomic number (most commonly carbon). Although the ideal performance of multilayer pairs can be calculated,1 the performance of a MLS can be substantially degraded by imperfections introduced in their manufacture. In particular, it has become clear that optimum performance of MLS is strongly dependent upon the quality of the interfaces (roughness, interdiffusion, etc.) between the two materials. These interface properties are dependent upon the chemical-metallurgical properties of the materials chosen. Since such properties are typically not amenable to theoretical prediction, the choice of good layer pairs is typically an Edisonian process. The purpose of this paper is to explore the soft x-ray diffracting properties of the material pair Mo-B4C. We will concentrate on the ways in which the measured diffraction behavior deviates from ideality and, especially, possible reasons for this non-ideality.
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Begum, M. Himaya Jaleela, and U. Shanmuga Priya. "Derivations of contra fuzzy ideals of BF-algebra." In PROCEEDINGS OF INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ADVANCES IN MATERIALS RESEARCH (ICAMR - 2019). AIP Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0017167.

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Karpagavalli, S. G., and T. Sangeetha. "Normal ideals in generalized almost distributive fuzzy lattices." In 4TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON THE SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING OF MATERIALS: ICoSEM2019. AIP Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0028820.

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Gupta, Deeksha, Veerender Putta, S. P. Koiry, C. Sridevi, Purushottam Jha, and A. K. Chauhan. "Study of recombination mechanisms in organic solar cells by electroluminescence and light ideality factor." In ADVANCED MATERIALS AND RADIATION PHYSICS (AMRP-2020): 5th National e-Conference on Advanced Materials and Radiation Physics. AIP Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0052818.

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Jansi Rani, M. Mary, A. Mubina Nancy, and J. Shalini. "N-generated T-intuitionistic fuzzy ideals of BG-algebras." In PROCEEDINGS OF INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ADVANCES IN MATERIALS RESEARCH (ICAMR - 2019). AIP Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0017181.

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Wang, Yiqiang, David J. Smith, and Christopher E. Truman. "Inelastic Deformation and Elastic Follow-Up." In ASME 2013 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2013-97744.

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A structure, when operated at high temperature and subjected to combinations of applied and residual stresses, is known to exhibit elastic follow-up (EFU). This is a consequence of the interaction between the applied and residual stresses leading to additional strain accumulation. However, current methods of determining elastic follow-up are often based on judgment and experience [1]. This research reveals that there are a range of solutions for the elastic follow-up for materials exhibiting combinations of elastic, plastic and creep behaviour. The various solutions are illustrated for an idealised two bar structure. Cases are considered for bars each having different constitutive behaviour, similar or different cross sections or operating at the same or different temperatures. We find that often solutions are given only for idealised cases and the elastic follow-up factor is a constant. The implications of the results are discussed in the context of the behaviour of practical components.
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Jaramillo, Franklin, Esteban Velilla, Daniel Ramírez, Edwin Ramírez, and Julian Gil. "Outdoor performance of perovskite solar minimodules: Ideality factor analysis and encapsulation challenges." In Workshop on Stable Hybrid Perovskite Materials for Photovoltaics Under Real-World Conditions. València: FUNDACIO DE LA COMUNITAT VALENCIANA SCITO, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.29363/nanoge.stabperoworkshop.2023.005.

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