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1
Fusco, Francesca, and Maria Vittoria Dell'Anna. "La divulgazione linguistica in RAI: "Le parole per dirlo"." Lingue e culture dei media 5, no. 2 (January 29, 2022): 16–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.54103/2532-1803/17218.
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Il lavoro – che vuole essere un contributo agli studi su lingua italiana, televisione e divulgazione linguistica - si occupa del programma tematico sull’italiano Le parole per dirlo, in onda ogni domenica mattina su Rai 3 dal mese di ottobre 2020, condotto da Noemi Gherrero con la partecipazione dei linguisti Valeria Della Valle e Giuseppe Patota. Le parole per dirlo è al momento in tv l’unica trasmissione interamente dedicata alla lingua italiana, dato significativo tanto più in un contesto televisivo che dedica ai programmi linguistici uno spazio di gran lunga inferiore a quello occupato da altri generi della divulgazione scientifico-culturale.
Il lavoro presenta il programma in seno alla programmazione linguistica Rai dagli esordi (metà degli anni ‘50 del ‘900) a oggi e a correlati fattori storico-culturali, sociolinguistici, comunicativi (fasi e caratteri del mezzo televisivo e sua evoluzione tecnologica; missione di servizio pubblico della Rai; la “lingua” come oggetto di informazione culturale), descrive struttura delle puntate e aspetti crossmediali, illustra le strategie della divulgazione e i temi linguistici privilegiati, anche con focus su puntate specifiche, riportate secondo gli usuali criteri di trascrizione del parlato televisivo. Osservazioni su lingua e tecniche divulgative si basano su un totale di 28 ore e 20 minuti di materiali audiovisivi.
The essay deals with a thematic programme on the Italian language, Le parole per dirlo, broadcast every Sunday morning on Rai 3 since October 2020. The programme is presented by Noemi Gherrero with the participation of two linguists, prof. Valeria Della Valle and prof. Giuseppe Patota and it is currently the only TV programme entirely dedicated to the Italian language (a very significant fact in a television programming scenario in which programmes about the Italian language are given less space than other scientific and cultural outreach programmes).
The work presents the programme within the Rai linguistic programming from its beginnings (mid 1950s) to the present day and takes into consideration historical-cultural, sociolinguistic and communicative factors (phases and characteristics of the television medium and its technological evolution; Rai's public service mission; "language" as an object of cultural information). It describes then the structure of the episodes and cross-media aspects, the strategies of dissemination and the discussed linguistic themes: the analysis focuses on specific episodes, reported according to the usual criteria of transcription of television speech. Observations on language and dissemination techniques are based on a total of 28 hours and 20 minutes of audiovisual materials.
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Turkowski, Volodymyr, and Talat S. Rahman. "Nonadiabatic exchange-correlation kernel for strongly correlated materials." Journal of Physics: Condensed Matter 29, no. 45 (October 13, 2017): 455601. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1361-648x/aa8ac1.
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Su, Yixi, Fengfeng Zhu, and Xiao Wang. "Topology Meets Correlation: Neutron Scattering from Correlated Topological Materials." Neutron News 32, no. 4 (October 2, 2021): 23–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10448632.2021.1997310.
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Walker, Trumann, Tara Nietzold, Niranjana Mohan Kumar, Barry Lai, Kevin Stone, Michael E. Stuckelberger, and Mariana I. Bertoni. "Development of an operando characterization stage for multi-modal synchrotron x-ray experiments." Review of Scientific Instruments 93, no. 6 (June 1, 2022): 065113. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0087050.
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It is widely accepted that micro- and nanoscale inhomogeneities govern the performance of many thin-film solar cell absorbers. These inhomogeneities yield material properties (e.g., composition, structure, and charge collection) that are challenging to correlate across length scales and measurement modalities. The challenge is compounded if a correlation is sought during device operation or in conditions that mimic aging under particular stressors (e.g., heat and electrical bias). Correlative approaches, particularly those based on synchrotron x-ray sources, are powerful since they can access several material properties in different modes (e.g., fluorescence, diffraction, and absorption) with minimal sample preparation. Small-scale laboratory x-ray instruments have begun to offer multi-modality but are typically limited by low x-ray photon flux, low spatial resolution, or specific sample sizes. To overcome these limitations, a characterization stage was developed to enable multi-scale, multi-modal operando measurements of industrially relevant photovoltaic devices. The stage offers compatibility across synchrotron x-ray facilities, enabling correlation between nanoscale x-ray fluorescence microscopy, microscale x-ray diffraction microscopy, and x-ray beam induced current microscopy, among others. The stage can accommodate device sizes up to 25 × 25 mm2, offering access to multiple regions of interest and increasing the statistical significance of correlated properties. The stage materials can sustain humid and non-oxidizing atmospheres, and temperature ranges encountered by photovoltaic devices in operational environments (e.g., from 25 to 100 °C). As a case study, we discuss the functionality of the stage by studying Se-alloyed CdTe photovoltaic devices aged in the stage between 25 and 100 °C.
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Nishiwaki, Takeshi. "Material Testing of Plastic Materials Using Digital Image Correlation Method." Seikei-Kakou 31, no. 8 (July 20, 2019): 292–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.4325/seikeikakou.31.292.
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Li, X. D. "Numerical correlation of material structure weaknesses in anisotropic polycrystalline materials." Acta Mechanica 155, no. 3-4 (September 2002): 137–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf01176239.
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Radchevsky, P. P. "FEATURES OF CORRELATION DEPENDENCIES BETWEEN THE MATERIAL OF MATERIALS AND MATERIALS OF THEIR ROOTING ABILITY." Russian vine 10 (2019): 73–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.32904/2412-9836-2019-10-73-80.
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K., Subbalakshmi N., Jeganathan P. S., and Sathyanarayana Rao K. N. "A CORRELATIVE STUDY ON DETERMINANTS OF TIME DOMAIN MEASURES OF CARDIAC VAGAL FUNCTION IN HEALTHY SUBJECTS." Journal of Health and Allied Sciences NU 04, no. 01 (March 2014): 004–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0040-1703722.
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Abstract: Introduction: E: I ratio and r-MSSD are known indicators of cardiac vagal activity. But their determinants are unclear. Objective: To evaluate the determinants of E: I ratio and r-MSSD in healthy subjects. Materials and Methods: 141 healthy subjects were studied. In them body mass index (BMI), Q-T interval, heart rate (HR), systolic, diastolic, pulse and mean arterial blood pressure (MABP) were measured. Age and sex of the subjects were noted. E: I ratio and r-MSSD was estimated from one minute lead II electrocardiogram in supine position. E: I ratio was recorded while breathing at 6 respiratory cycles per minute and r-MSSD was quantified during normal breathing. Data was analyzed by Pearson Correlation Coefficient and unpaired t test. p value less than 0.05 was considered significant. Results: There was positive correlation between E: I ratio and r-MSSD (p = 0.006). E: I ratio and r-MSSD were negatively correlating with age (p < 0.01). r-MSSD was negatively correlating with HR, systolic, diastolic, pulse and MABP (p = 0.0001, 0.01, 0.03, 0.04, 0.01 respectively). r-MSSD did not correlate with BMI and Q-T interval. E: I ratio did not correlate with blood pressure, BMI and Q-T interval. Mean E: I ratio and r-MSSD of males did not differ compared to females. Conclusion: E: I ratio and r-MSSD are correlated. Age is an influencing factor of E: I ratio and r-MSSD. Blood pressure and HR are the other determinants of r-MSSD but not of E: I ratio in healthy subjects.
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Kumar, Sanjit. "Correlation between COVID-19 Disease Severity and its Outcome in Diabetes Mellitus Patients." Journal of Advanced Research in Medicine 09, no. 2 (June 30, 2022): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.24321/2349.7181.202206.
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Introduction: Diabetes mellitus is a common metabolic disorder that contributes a significant burden on the healthcare system. It is one of the major comorbidities associated with COVID-19 and affects its severity. Aim: To study the correlation between COVID-19 disease severity and its outcome in diabetes mellitus patients and to correlate HbA1C with COVID-19 disease severity, NEWS, Ct RT-PCR value and clinical outcome in COVID-19 diabetic patients. Settings and Design: This was a prospective cross-sectional observational study conducted in the Department of Medicine, Maulana Azad Medical College. Method and Material: The study included a total of 60 subjects 30 in the diabetic group and 30 in the non-diabetic group. NEWS was calculated on the day of admission. HbA1C was correlated with disease severity, NEWS, Ct RT-PCR value and clinical outcome of patients. The data gathered were processed by SPSS version 25. The correlation between HbA1C, disease severity, NEWS, and Ct RT-PCR value was determined using Pearson correlation coefficient. Results: Diabetic patients have more severe COVID-19 disease. NEWS at admission was higher in these patients. Higher HbA1C is associated with severe disease. HbA1C positively correlates with NEWS but negatively correlates with Ct RT-PCR value. Incidences of organ injury and inflammatory markers were higher in diabetic patients. Diabetes was associated with more complications and worse outcomes. Conclusions: Diabetic patients are more susceptible to the development of severe and worse outcomes in COVID.
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Kim, D.-H., and S.-H. Park. "Evaluation of Resin Composite Translucency by Two Different Methods." Operative Dentistry 38, no. 3 (April 1, 2013): E76—E90. http://dx.doi.org/10.2341/12-085-l.
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SUMMARY The purpose of this study was 1) to compare the translucency of seven different types of composite materials and three different shade categories (dentin, enamel, and translucent) by determining the translucency parameter (TP) and light transmittance (%T) and 2) to evaluate the correlation between the results of the two evaluation methods. Three shades (dentin A3, enamel A3, and clear translucent) of seven composite materials (Beautifil II [BF], Denfil [DF], Empress Direct [ED], Estelite Sigma Quick [ES], Gradia Direct [GD], Premise [PR], and Tetric N-Ceram [TC]) from different manufacturers were screened in this study. Ten disk-shaped specimens (10 mm in diameter and 1 mm in thickness) were prepared for each material. For the TP measurements, the colors of each specimen were recorded according to the CIELAB color scale against white and black backgrounds with a colorimeter and used to calculate the TP value. For the %T measurements, the mean direct transmittance through the specimen in the range between 380 and 780 nm was recorded using a spectrometer and computer software. Two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) tests were performed to compare the TP and %T for the composite materials and shade categories. One-way ANOVA and Tukey tests were used for the seven composite materials per shade category and the three shade categories per composite material. The correlation between the two evaluation methods was determined using the Pearson correlation coefficient. All statistical procedures were performed within a 95% confidence level. TP differed significantly by composite material within each shade category (p<0.05) and by shade category within each composite material (p<0.05). %T differed significantly by composite material within each shade category (p<0.05) and by shade categories within each composite material (p<0.05), except for BF and ES. For the two evaluation methods, TP and %T, were positively correlated (r=0.626, p<0.05). These methods showed strong correlation for each composite material except ES (r=0.763-0.992, p<0.05) and moderate correlation for each shade category (r=0.403-0.528, p<0.05).
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Wayan, I. Wayan Lanus Sumadiasa. "Correlation Beetwen Body Weight with Scrotal Circumference, Testis Weight and Sperm Production of Boer Buck Intensively Rearing." Jurnal Biologi Tropis 23, no. 1 (February 24, 2023): 412–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.29303/jbt.v23i1.4743.
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Body weight of one of the regulators that determine the scrotum circumference and weight (large) testicles. Next, the weight of the testes has a very close relationship with sperm production that will determine the reproductive ability of a male. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between body weight and scrotum circumference, testicular weight and boer goat sperm production that was maintained intensively. The study was conducted with a descriptive method with the material of 15 male goats owned by PT. Sadhana Arif Nusa. Data is processed by regression and correlation analysis using the SPSS program. The results showed that the body weight average was 52.58 ± 14.96 kg, correlated very significantly (p <0.01) with scrotum circumference (25.68 ± 1.96 cm) and testicular weight (0.46 ± 0, 10 kg) with a correlation coefficient of 0.67 and 0.91. Body weight not correlated (p> 0.05) with good sperm production volume (0.50 ± 0.19 ml), pH (6.43 ± 0.19), sperm consistency, progressive motility (73.33 ± 7, 24 %) and Spermatozoa concentration (2.18 ± 0.54 x 109/ml). The scrotum circumference is very significantly correlated (p <0.01) with a testicular weight and a real correlation (p <0.05) with sperm volume, motility and concentration of spermatozoa with a coefficient of 0.91 each; 0.58; 0.56 and 0.54. The testes weight is real correlating (p <0.05) with sperm volume, progressive motility and spermatozoa concentration with a coefficient of 0.53 each; 0.56 and 0.54. CONCLUSION, body weight correlates piosif with scrotum circumference, the weight of the quality of the testes and sperm production in boer goats.
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Morosan, Emilia, Douglas Natelson, Andriy H. Nevidomskyy, and Qimiao Si. "Strongly Correlated Materials." Advanced Materials 24, no. 36 (August 15, 2012): 4896–923. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/adma.201202018.
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Guo, Anfu, Hui Li, Jie Xu, Jianfeng Li, and Fangyi Li. "Effect of microstructure on the properties of polystyrene microporous foaming material." e-Polymers 20, no. 1 (March 2, 2020): 103–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/epoly-2020-0012.
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AbstractThe performance of Polystyrene microporous foaming (PS-MCF) materials is influenced by their microstructures. Therefore, it is essential for industrializing them to investigate the relationship between their microstructure and material properties. In this study, the relationship between the microstructure, compressive property, and thermal conductivity of the PS-MCF materials was studied systematically. The results show that the ideal foaming pressure of PS-MCF materials, obtaining compression performance, is around 20 MPa. In addition, the increase of temperature causes the decrease of sample density. It effects that the compression modulus and strength increase with the decrease of foaming temperature. Because the expansion rate and cell diameter of the PS-MCF materials reduce the thickness of cell wall, they are also negatively correlated with their mechanical properties. Moreover, there is a negative linear correlation between the thermal conductivity and cell rate, whereas the cell diameter is positively correlated with the thermal conductivity.
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Willers, Thomas, Fabio Strigari, Zhiwei Hu, Violetta Sessi, Nicholas B. Brookes, Eric D. Bauer, John L. Sarrao, et al. "Correlation between ground state and orbital anisotropy in heavy fermion materials." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 112, no. 8 (February 9, 2015): 2384–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1415657112.
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The interplay of structural, orbital, charge, and spin degrees of freedom is at the heart of many emergent phenomena, including superconductivity. Unraveling the underlying forces of such novel phases is a great challenge because it not only requires understanding each of these degrees of freedom, it also involves accounting for the interplay between them. Cerium-based heavy fermion compounds are an ideal playground for investigating these interdependencies, and we present evidence for a correlation between orbital anisotropy and the ground states in a representative family of materials. We have measured the 4f crystal-electric field ground-state wave functions of the strongly correlated materials CeRh1−xIrxIn5 with great accuracy using linear polarization-dependent soft X-ray absorption spectroscopy. These measurements show that these wave functions correlate with the ground-state properties of the substitution series, which covers long-range antiferromagnetic order, unconventional superconductivity, and coexistence of these two states.
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Wei, Xiaoliang, Qian Chen, Jinchuan Zhang, Haikuan Nie, Wei Dang, Zhongming Li, Xuan Tang, Yue Lang, and Lamei Lin. "Nanoscale Pore Fractal Characteristics of Permian Shale and Its Impact on Methane-Bearing Capacity: A Case Study from Southern North China Basin, Central China." Journal of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology 21, no. 1 (January 1, 2021): 139–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/jnn.2021.18462.
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Fractal dimension is closely related to the nanoscale pore structure of shale, and it also has an important influence on the gas content of shale. To investigate the correlation between the fractal dimension and the methane (CH4) bearing features of shale, seven Permian shale samples were analyzed with field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), low temperature nitrogen (N2), carbon dioxide (CO2) and CH4 adsorption and on-site gas desorption experiments. Based on the N2 adsorption and desorption data, we proposed a new method to better determine the gas adsorption stage at different relative pressure (P/P0) points in the multilayer adsorption or capillary condensation stage. On this basis, two fractal dimensions, D1 (representing the surface roughness) and D2 (representing pore irregularity), were obtained. By correlating the fractal dimensions and nanoscale pore structure parameters, we found that D1 does not correlate with the pore structure parameters except for the micropore volume. Influenced by the aggregation of porous and nonporous materials, D2 has a positive linear relationship with the specific surface area (SSA) and micropore volume but has a negative linear correlation with the average diameter of pores. D1 is negatively correlated with water saturation and positively correlated with free CH4 content. The CH4 adsorption content is positively correlated with D2. By fitting the on-site desorption data, the positive correlation between the total desorbed CH4 content and the desorbed CH4 content in stage 2 and D2 was also confirmed. D2 better reflects the CH4 adsorption capacity of organic-rich shale than D1. However, D1 can be used to reflect the influence of shale surface properties on water saturation and to indirectly reflect the free CH4 content in shale. The fractal dimension (D1 and D2) is a clear indicator of the total free and adsorbed CH4 content, but cannot indicate the desorbed CH4 content at different stages.
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Kumar N, Pritesh, Lovenish Bains, Pawan Lal, Anurag Mishra, Mohd Yasir Beg, and Haraesh Maranna. "Role of intra-abdominal pressure in the outcomes of perforation peritonitis: A prospective observational study." Turkish Journal of Surgery 37, no. 3 (September 1, 2021): 253–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.47717/turkjsurg.2021.4945.
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Objective: Intra-abdominal pressure (IAP) has been investigated for its role in causing morbidity and mortality, with various studies showing different degrees of correlation. There remains paucity of literature on this subject, applied to patients of perforation peritonitis, especially in the Indian subcontinent. Material and Methods: It is a prospective observational study involving 40 patients of perforation peritonitis undergoing exploratory laparotomy. IAP was measured as per WSACS (World Society of Abdominal Compartment Syndrome) guidelines. APACHE II (Acute Physiology And Chronic Health Evaluation- II) and SOFA (Sequential Organ Failure Assessment) were calculated. Data was collected regarding occurrence of prolonged ileus, burst abdomen, duration of hospital stay, 30 day mortality, and was statistically analyzed to correlate with IAP. Results: At admission, mean IAP was 13.37 mmHg, and the incidence of IAH was 65%. IAH was seen in 17.9% and 7.6% at 24 h and 48 h post-operatively. Incidence of prolonged ileus and burst abdomen were 7.7% and 22.5% respectively. Mortality rate was 17.5%. Mean duration of hospital stay was 13.45 days. Post-operative IAP correlated with mortality (p: 0.014) and post-operative SOFA score (p< 0.05). Statistically significant correlation was also seen with the occurrence of prolonged ileus (p: 0.006). IAP did not significantly correlate with APACHE II score, occurrence of burst abdomen, and duration of hospital stay. Conclusion: Rise in IAP correlates with deterioration of SOFA score, and also with the occurrence of prolonged ileus. IAP is also a predictor of mortality. IAP measured post-operatively (24 and 48 hours) had a better correlation with these outcomes than the value measured at admission. No statistically significant correlation of IAP with the occurrence of burst abdomen and duration of hospital stay could be found, which warrants further studies with a larger population.
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Kaur, Gagandeep, Amit Dhamija, Jolsana Augustine, Pooja Bakshi, and Kusum Verma. "Can cytomorphology of granulomas distinguish sarcoidosis from tuberculosis? Retrospective study of endobronchial ultrasound guided transbronchial needle aspirate of 49 granulomatous lymph nodes." CytoJournal 10 (September 27, 2013): 19. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/1742-6413.119008.
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Background: The differential diagnosis of tuberculosis (TB) and sarcoidosis on fine needle aspiration material is very challenging in tubercular endemic regions. We carried out a pilot study to explore cytomorphologic features of granulomas which could help in differentiation between sarcoidosis and TB. Final diagnoses in these patients were based on clinical, microbiologic and follow-up studies. Materials and Methods: Endobronchial ultrasound guided transbronchial needle aspiration smears of 49 consecutive patients with a final cytologic diagnosis of granulomatous lymphadenitis were reviewed. Based on cytologic features two cytologic categories were enunciated and the results were correlated with microbiologic studies and/follow-up of minimum of 6 months. Results: The cytologic categories did not correlate with the final clinical outcome of patients. Conclusions: Different patterns of granulomas observed in cytology smears do not help distinguish TB from sarcoidosis. The novel non-invasive techniques of mediastinal sampling though help in confirming granulomatous pathology, distinction between these entities and treatment decisions still depend upon correlating cytologic, microbiologic, clinical and radiological data in a large number of cases in tubercular endemic regions.
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Bhosale, Dnyaneshwar R., and Shankar I. Patil. "Oxygen nonstoichiometry effects in spin Seebeck insulating Y3−xPrxFe5O12+δ materials." AIP Advances 12, no. 6 (June 1, 2022): 065103. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0087629.
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Yttrium iron garnet (Y3Fe5O12) and its derivatives are ferrimagnetic spin Seebeck insulating materials crucial for the spin transport based phenomena such as the spin Seebeck effect (SSE) and spin Hall magnetoresistance. Structure–property correlation studies of such materials under different conditions are useful for optimizing the relevant constraint in the existed phenomena. The usage of Y3Fe5O12 type materials over the broad range of temperature conditions (27–450 °C) in SSE is under study. We report here the structure–property correlation in spin Seebeck insulating Y3− xPr xFe5O12+ δ oxides as a representative material and introduce the additional degrees of freedom in the crystal system relevant to the spin transport based phenomena under high temperature conditions. The natural tendency of having oxygen nonstoichiometry in an iron garnet family of materials strengthens the Fe–O–Fe superexchange interaction, which, in turn, tends to increase the spin voltage correlated magnetic parameters. The analysis of experimental high temperature neutron diffraction data (over 27–450 °C) reveals the oxide ion nonstoichiometry and excess oxide ion transport pathways at moderate temperature 150 °C in the crystal lattices of studied garnet materials. Oxide ion nonstoichiometry, ionic transport, and electron hopping in crystal lattices cause a tremendous variation of electrical conductivity (10−11–10−2 S cm−1) over a moderate change of temperature (27–450 °C). The occurrence of electrical transport in the required thermal gradient over the garnet material in SSE can evoke the additional degrees of freedom in the usage of such materials at high temperatures. The present work provides a new outlook in terms of structure–property correlation for spin transport based materials.
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Vogel, D., R. Ku¨hnert, M. Dost, and B. Michel. "Determination of Packaging Material Properties Utilizing Image Correlation Techniques." Journal of Electronic Packaging 124, no. 4 (December 1, 2002): 345–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.1506698.
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Thermo-mechanical reliability in advanced electronic packaging requires new materials testing approaches. The necessary understanding of the impact of very local material stressing on component reliability leads to the need of materials testing and characterization on microscopic scale. For example, defect initiation and propagation in multilayer structures as in WLP and flip chip technology, the influence of material migration to mechanical behavior or defect development in ultra-thin silicon dies often are not well understood. A key for micro materials testing and characterization is the measurement of strains and displacements inside microscopic regions. Correlation techniques (e.g., microDAC, nanoDAC) are one of the promising tools for that purpose. Their application potentials to micro testing for electronic packaging materials are demonstrated in the paper. More in detail, CTE measurement and crack testing are discussed. First attempts for testing under AFM conditions and their results are considered.
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TAKEI, SATOSHI, SANGWOONG YOON, TOMOYA OHASHI, YUSUKE HORIGUCHI, YASUYUKI NAKAJIMA, MICHAEL W. LIN, and C. GRANT WILLSON. "CORRELATION BETWEEN SIMULATION AND EXPERIMENT USING UV CURABLE GAP FILL MATERIALS FOR GLOBAL PLANARIZATION." International Journal of Nanoscience 08, no. 01n02 (February 2009): 103–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219581x09005840.
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This study focuses on the correlation between simulation and experiment using UV curable gap fill materials for global planarization in advanced lithographic and nanoimprinting techniques. A novel gap fill material has been optimized and developed for global planarization properties. Gap fill materials planarize irregular substrates such as patterned steps, vias, and trenches to increase depth of focus and patterning resolution. After planarizing the substrate surface, the gap fill materials provide dry etching selectivity to the under-layer to avoid damaging the dielectric materials. In the characterization of UV curable gap fill materials, two key factors were identified. The factors were the specific dependence of planarization on the spin speed and film thickness. By optimizing these factors, an appreciable reduction in via topography was realized. An array of 1.1 μm deep, 300 nm diameter holes was planarized to 10 nm thickness bias with a 380 nm thick planarizing film. In addition of global planarization, a final design consideration was to reduce the amount of outgassing during the process. UV curable gap fill material was optimized for sublimate reduction resulting in a defect-free coating. The sublimate produced from the developed gap fill material during baking was significantly decreased when compared with that produced from a thermal curable material. And, the third evaluation of UV curable gap fill materials was reported, to avoid resist poisoning issues in an advanced via-first dual damascene process. The resist poisoning properties in UV curable gap fill material were observed better performance than that of thermal curable material. The resulting UV curable gap fill materials based on this study will be extremely useful for lithographic and nanoimprinting techniques.
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Checa, M., I. Ivanov, S. M. Neumayer, M. A. Susner, M. A. McGuire, P. Maksymovych, and L. Collins. "Correlative piezoresponse and micro-Raman imaging of CuInP2S6–In4/3P2S6 flakes unravels phase-specific phononic fingerprint via unsupervised learning." Applied Physics Letters 121, no. 6 (August 8, 2022): 062901. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0101395.
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Characterizing the novel properties of layered van der Waals materials is key for their application in functional devices. A better understanding of this type of material requires correlative imaging of diverse nanoscale material properties. Within this class of materials, CuInP2S6 (CIPS) has received a significant degree of interest due to its ionically mediated room temperature ferroelectricity. Moreover, it is possible to form stable self-assembled heterostructures of ferroelectric CuInP2S6 (CIPS) and non-ferroelectric (i.e., lacking Cu) In4/3P2S6 (IPS) phases, by controlling the targeted composition and kinetics of synthesis. In this work, we present a correlative nanometric imaging study of the phononic modes and piezoelectricity of the phase-separated thin heteroepitaxial CIPS/IPS flakes. We show that it is possible to isolate the different phononic modes of the two phases by spatially correlating them with their distinct ferroelectric behavior. The coupling of our experimental data with unsupervised learning statistical methods enables unraveling specific Raman peaks that are characteristic of each chemical phase (CIPS and IPS) present in the composite sample, discarding the less significant ones.
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Larsson, Per-Lennart. "Correlation of Global Quantities for Material Characterization by Sharp Indentation Testing of Elastoplastic Materials." Journal of Testing and Evaluation 44, no. 6 (November 17, 2015): 20150011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1520/jte20150011.
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Poletti, Cecilia, Fernando Warchomicka, Martina Dikovits, and Simon Großeiber. "Microstructure Evolution of Allotropic Materials during Thermomechanical Processing." Materials Science Forum 710 (January 2012): 93–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.710.93.
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The microstructure developed during hot deformation is the result of deformation mechanisms such as dynamic recovery and dynamic recrystallization. Hot deformation can also result in damage and flow localisation, especially in multiphase metal based materials. Several models have been proposed to correlate the parameters of the deformation process (temperature, strain and strain rate) with the flow behaviour such as the processing maps. They were developed based on the dynamic materials model (DMM) and later a modified DMM introduced some changes in the calculation of the processing maps. The correlation of the relevant microstructural changes with thermodynamic parameters are tested and discussed. The data was obtained by using the Gleeble simulator with in situ quenching facilities. Microstructural studies related to the hot deformation of metals were carried out based on alpha-beta and near beta titanium alloys and on low carbon steels. The results are correlated with the efficiency of power dissipation, and the constitutive equations. In diffusion controlled processes such as dynamic recovery, dynamic recrystallization, phase transformation and pore coarsening are related to high power efficiency, and to low n exponent. The efficiency of power dissipation is more sensitive to the deformation parameters than the constitutive equations for materials with phase transformation.
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Norville, C. C. "Inelastic Pipework Dynamics and Aseismic Design." Journal of Pressure Vessel Technology 114, no. 3 (August 1, 1992): 328–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2929048.
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This paper shows a simple correlation between elastic and inelastic dynamic pipework responses enabling realistic/pessimistic prediction of dynamic pipework responses beyond the elastic range using current elastic aseismic design procedures. In this paper, theoretical studies relating dynamic responses directly to nonlinear material stress/strain characteristics show how such a correlation arises, particularly for materials exhibiting a well-defined yield point inflection, and the evaluation of the correlative parameters (moduli and damping factors). The ABAQUS computer program was used to study and simulate the dynamic inelastic response characteristics of a pressurized tube in the form of simple beam and a pressurized cantilevered elbow (in-plane responses). Using comparative dynamic test results for these components, the foregoing design concepts were verified for representative cyclic material characteristics. So, given appropriate cyclic material characteristics, pessimistic incremental and reverse cyclic fatigue strains may be simply evaluated for loadings beyond the elastic range (for assessment against ASME fatigue criteria) using existing design techniques as shown in the paper.
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MOLENDA, JANINA, and JACEK MARZEC. "FUNCTIONAL CATHODE MATERIALS FOR Li-ION BATTERIES — PART III: POTENTIAL CATHODE MATERIALS LixNi1-y-zCoyMnzO2 AND LiMn2O4." Functional Materials Letters 02, no. 01 (March 2009): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1793604709000545.
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This paper briefly reviews physicochemical properties of intercalated transition metal compounds with layered and spinel type structure to correlate their microscopic electronic properties, i.e. the nature of electronic states with the efficiency of the lithium intercalation process that is controlled by the chemical diffusion coefficient of lithium. The data concerning cell voltages and characteristics of discharge for various materials are correlated with the nature of chemical bonding and electronic structures.
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Myagkov, Alexander, Elena Dyomina, and Valery Forbes. "Epidemiology of contact lens-induced giant papillary conjunctivitis: a retrospective study." Eye 127, no. 2019-3 (September 2019): 13–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.33791/2222-4408-2019-3-13-20.
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Purpose: The purpose of the study is to determine the correlation between the incidence of giant papillary conjunctivitis induced by the use of contact lenses (CLPC) and contact lens material, replacement schedule or wearing time. The emergence of new materials and designs of contact lenses along with modifications in the replacement and wearing schedule have changed the structure of complications in users of soft contact lenses (SCLs). At present, infectious and hypoxic complications are extremely rare; on the other hand, toxic-allergic reactions that arise in users of contact lenses (CLs) have come to the fore. Material and methods. A retrospective cohort clinical study involved 1 668 users of SCL of various materials and with different replacement and wearing schedules. Patients were monitored from 2008 to 2018. Results. As a result of the study, it was found that the CLPC incidence correlate with the wearing time and replacement schedule of the SCLs.
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Saini, Ravina, Aditi Vohra, Amit Jain, Harneet Narula, Harneet Kadyan, and Sanjay Singh. "Correlation of multiparametric MRI (PIRADS grading) and apparent diffusion coefficient values in prostate tumor with Gleason score." Asian Journal of Medical Sciences 14, no. 1 (January 1, 2023): 156–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ajms.v14i1.48514.
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Background: Multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (mpMRI) of prostate is the radiological investigation of choice for the evaluation of prostatic tumors. Aims and Objectives: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the efficacy of mpMRI using PIRADS 2.1 grading and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values as a non-invasive investigation in the detection of prostatic tumors and to correlate PIRADS grade and ADC values with Gleason score of prostate cancer (prostate Ca). Materials and Methods: Fifty patients above the age of 50 years presenting with signs and symptoms of prostate Ca were enrolled for the study. All patients were subjected to the mpMRI including ADC values and then all underwent transrectal ultrasound-guided biopsies. The post-biopsy Gleason score was correlated with PIRADS grading and ADC values followed by statistical correlation. Results: There was a positive linear association between PIRADS score and serum prostate-specific antigen levels (+0.433) and inverse relationship between mean tumor ADC values and Gleason score with correlation coefficient of −0.846 (P<0.001). There was a positive linear association between the PI-RADS score and Gleason score (correlation coefficient of +0.739 with P<0.001). In addition, the positive predictive value of mpMRI was 78.79%, while the negative predictive value was 84.34%. Conclusion: Our study concludes that mpMRI with PIRADS grading including ADC values assists in targeting the appropriate biopsy site for better characterization of the prostate Ca as it correlates well with the Gleason score.
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Abu-Yaghi, Nakhleh E., Nafez M. Abu Tarboush, Ala M. Abojaradeh, Amal S. Al-Akily, Esra’a M. Abdo, and Laith O. Emoush. "Relationship between Serum Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Levels and Stages of Diabetic Retinopathy and Other Biomarkers." Journal of Ophthalmology 2020 (July 23, 2020): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/8480193.
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Aim. This study aims to measure serum vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) levels in a sample of Jordanian patients and to determine their relationship with the different stages of diabetic retinopathy. It also explores the correlation between VEGF concentrations and different biochemical and demographic findings. Materials and Methods. A total of 167 adults participated in the study. Participants were divided into two main categories: patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) type 2 without diabetic retinopathy (DR) (N = 62) and patients with DM type 2 affected by DR (N = 105). DR patients were further subclassified into nonproliferative (N = 41) and proliferative (N = 64). Basic laboratory tests were measured to correlate with VEGF levels. Irisin, a hormone linked to diabetic retinopathy was also measured and correlated with VEGF. Results. Serum VEGF was found to positively correlate with the severity of diabetic retinopathy. The means of VEGF serum concentrations were 60 pg/mL for controls, 133 pg/mL for nonproliferative DR patients, and 229 pg/mL for proliferative DR patients. We found a significant positive correlation with glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c), and a significant negative correlation with high-density lipoprotein (HDL) levels, age, and irisin. Conclusion. In this cohort of Jordanian diabetics, serum VEGF concentrations strongly correlated with the presence and stages of diabetic retinopathy, suggesting it as an appropriate indicator for diabetic retinopathy early detection and management in this society. VEGF levels also significantly correlated with HbA1c, HDL, and irisin levels. Further studies are encouraged to explore these relationships in other ethnic groups and with different diabetic complications.
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Gantley, Michael, Harvey Whitehouse, and Amy Bogaard. "Material Correlates Analysis (MCA)." Advances in Archaeological Practice 6, no. 4 (July 19, 2018): 328–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/aap.2018.9.
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ABSTRACTTheories developed and validated using ethnographic and historical resources are often difficult to examine using sparse or fragmentary archaeological material. However, a number of statistical techniques make it possible to integrate data from ethnographic, historical, and archaeological resources into a single analytical framework. This article introduces Material Correlates Analysis (MCA)—a new method of filling gaps in the archaeological data using a strategic combination of data collection, multidimensional scaling, principal component analysis, and generalized liner modeling. Generalized liner modeling is a particularly useful tool in formal inferential statistics for comparing a priori classified groups of historical and/or ethnographic (known) cases with archaeological (unknown) ones on the basis of relevant variables. MCA allows us to overcome the inherent material culture limitations regarding data on key variables by using available historical or ethnographic evidence to make statistically testable inferences regarding archaeological data. Using the Modes of Religiosity theory as an example, we demonstrate how major gaps in the evidentiary record can be overcome using the techniques we outline. Specifically, we use the MCA approach to ascertain whether the agricultural transition in southwest Asia was associated with a shift from an imagistic to an increasingly doctrinal mode of religiosity.
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Satou, J., A. Fukunaga, N. Satou, H. Shintani, and K. Okuda. "Streptococcal Adherence on Various Restorative Materials." Journal of Dental Research 67, no. 3 (March 1988): 588–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/00220345880670031301.
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The adherence of Streptococcus sanguis ATCC 10556, S. sanguisATCC 10557, S. mutans Ingbritt, and S. mutans OMZ 176 to the surfaces of composite resins, amalgam alloys, and a Au-Ag-Pd alloy was measured. Adhesion was correlated with values for hydrophobicity and ζ-potential of the bacteria and the restorative materials. The hydrophobicity of the restoratives showed a positive correlation between the numbers of adherent S. sanguis cells, suggesting that hydrophobic interactions are important for the adherence of this bacterial species. In contrast, the numbers of adherent S. mutans cells showed a positive correlation with the ζ-potential of the restoratives, suggesting that electrostatic interactions are important in adherence of this bacterium.
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Wasserbauer, Jaromír, and Martin Zmrzlý. "New Method for (Nano)Micro-Characterization of Materials - Correlative Microscopy." Advanced Materials Research 1000 (August 2014): 265–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1000.265.
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New building materials must meet strict requirements on mechanical properties. Therefore structural and chemical characterization of new building materials is very important. The correlative microscopy is a new possibility of materials analysis. This method combines light microscopy (LM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). LM images can be then precisely extended by their morphological background and/or material distribution, e.g. with energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS). With using correlative microscopy, the weakest places of alkali-activated concrete were found.
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Dahlberg, Carl F. O., Jonas Faleskog, and Per-Lennart Larsson. "Correlation of Global Quantities at Material Characterization of Pressure-Sensitive Materials Using Sharp Indentation Testing." Lubricants 9, no. 3 (March 3, 2021): 29. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/lubricants9030029.
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Correlation of sharp indentation problems is examined theoretically and numerically. The analysis focuses on elastic-plastic pressure-sensitive materials and especially the case when the local plastic zone is so large that elastic effects on the mean contact pressure will be small or negligible as is the case for engineering metals and alloys. The results from the theoretical analysis indicate that the effect from pressure-sensitivity and plastic strain-hardening are separable at correlation of hardness values. This is confirmed using finite element methods and closed-form formulas are presented representing a pressure-sensitive counterpart to the Tabor formula at von Mises plasticity. The situation for the relative contact area is more complicated as also discussed.
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Ishaq, Muhammad Aakif, and Filippo Giustozzi. "Correlation between Rheological Fatigue Tests on Bitumen and Various Cracking Tests on Asphalt Mixtures." Materials 14, no. 24 (December 17, 2021): 7839. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14247839.
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Accurate characterisation and appropriate binder selection are essential to increase the load-induced cracking resistance of asphalt mixtures at an intermediate temperature. Hence, the primary goal of this study was to correlate the cracking resistance exerted by the binder with the cracking performance of asphalt mixtures. The laboratory-based experimental plan covered various types of laboratory tests specified by various agencies and road authorities to study the correlation of a neat bitumen and five polymer-modified binders with their corresponding asphalt mixtures. The fatigue life of the binders was assessed through a Linear Amplitude Sweep (LAS) test and statistically correlated with various load-induced cracking parameters from the indirect tensile test, semi-circular bending (SCB) test, and four points bending beam test (FPBB) of asphalt mixtures at 25 °C. Binders and mixes were further grouped depending on their polymeric family (i.e., modified with a particular type of polymer) to validate their statistical correlation. The indicator that mostly correlated the binder properties with the asphalt mixture properties is the secant modulus from the SCB test. Fatigue parameters obtained through LAS better explain the asphalt fatigue performance obtained through FPBB; specifically, asphalt tests at high strain levels (e.g., 400 micro strain) better correlate to the LAS fatigue parameter (Nf).
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Ivanov, Atanas, Abhishek Lahiri, Venelin Baldzhiev, and Anna Trych-Wildner. "Suggested Research Trends in the Area of Micro-EDM—Study of Some Parameters Affecting Micro-EDM." Micromachines 12, no. 10 (September 29, 2021): 1184. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mi12101184.
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This paper provides an overall view of the current research in micro-electrical discharge machining (micro-EDM or µEDM) and looks into the present understanding of the material removing mechanism and the common approach for electrode material selection and its limitations. Based on experimental data, the authors present an analysis of different materials’ properties which have an influence on the electrodes’ wear ratio and energy distribution during the spark. The experiments performed in micro-EDM conditions reveal that properties such as electron work function and electrical resistivity strongly correlate with the discharge energy ratio. The electrode wear ratio, on the other hand, is strongly influenced by the atomic bonding energy and was found to be related to the tensile modulus. The proposed correlation functions characterized the data with a high determination coefficient exceeding 99%.
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Chao, Choung Lii, Wen Chen Chou, Chung Woei Chao, and Chao Chang Arthur Chen. "Material Removal Mechanisms Involved in Rotary Ultrasonic Machining of Brittle Materials." Key Engineering Materials 329 (January 2007): 391–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.329.391.
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Rotary ultrasonic machining (RUM) is considered to be a very effective and relatively accurate way to drill deep holes in brittle materials. Although brittle fracture (micro chipping) is the dominant material removal mechanism utilized by the RUM process, poor surface roughness and deep penetrated cracks are the consequence if the machining parameters are not properly controlled. To ensure the quality of the generated surface and to improve the process efficiency, efforts have been made in this study to correlate the material removal mechanisms, surface integrity and tool wear involved in the RUM process. Diamond-impregnated tools were used in the experiment and the ultrasonic vibration frequency was kept at 20 kHz. Three major material removal modes namely, impact mode, grinding mode and erosion mode were found to be the dominant removal processes at the tool tip, around the diamond wheel and around the steel sleeve respectively. It was also found that, during the grinding/erosion processes, the bonding material of the wheel was first eroded away and left big part of diamond grits well-exposed. Pull-out and/or fracture are normally the consequence of these exposed diamond grits due to the lack of support and protection.
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Healy, K. E., C. H. Thomas, A. Rezania, P. J. McKeown, C. D. McFarland, and J. G. Steele. "Correlative TOF-SIMS and fluorescence microscopy analyses of surfaces used to control mammalian cell function." Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America 54 (August 11, 1996): 1044–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0424820100167688.
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A common theme in engineering surfaces for biomedical materials and devices is the control of cell behavior at the material-tissue interface. Multiple analytical techniques are required to fully characterize a material surface both prior to and after exposure to the biological environment. In addition, a full cadre of microscopy techniques are essential for understanding cell behavior to these surface engineered materials. At the heart of understanding the mechanisms that control cell function on solid materials is the adsorption of serum proteins, which ultimately dictates how a cell responds to a material. A great deal of complexity is introduced into the system by adsorbed proteins, since there are over 200 proteins in human blood, and that post adsorption changes in conformation could lead to altered function. Until recently it has been extremely difficult to correlate cell behavior with the initial surface chemistry of a material and the type of protein adsorbed to the surface.
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Sharma, Saniya, Nalini Gupta, Navneet Singh, Rini Chaturvedi, Digambar Behera, and Arvind Rajwanshi. "Cytomorphological features as predictors of epidermal growth factor receptor mutation status in lung adenocarcinoma." CytoJournal 15 (April 2, 2018): 11. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/cytojournal.cytojournal_45_17.
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Background: Epidermal growth factor receptor mutation-positive (EGFR-p) lung adenocarcinomas are sensitive to tyrosine kinase inhibitors. Although histopathological subtype is an independent predictor of mutation status, there is a paucity of data on the cytomorphological features correlating with the EGFR mutation status. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine whether certain cytomorphological features correlate with EGFR mutation in lung adenocarcinoma. Materials and Methods: A retrospective analysis of 48 lung adenocarcinoma cases diagnosed on fine needle aspiration cytology with known EGFR mutation status was conducted. All cytology smears with cellblock sections were reviewed. The cytomorphological features including tumor pattern, stromal features, nuclear and cytoplasmic features, and tumor grade were evaluated. Clinicoradiological features such as age, sex, smoking, tumor size, clinical stage, metastases, and presence of mass, nodule, lymphadenopathy, pleural effusion, and clinical outcome were also assessed. Results: Of 48 cases, 19 were EGFR-p and 29 were negative. EGFR-p cases showed a positive and significant correlation with flat monolayered sheets and acini, mild nuclear atypia, fine chromatin and smooth nuclear margins and these tumors were well differentiated. EGFR-negative tumors were moderate to poorly differentiated with predominance of solid clusters, moderate to marked nuclear atypia, with irregular nuclear margins and coarse chromatin. Clinically, female sex, nonsmoking status, smaller tumor size, and good clinical outcome correlated with EGFR-p status. Conclusion: Certain cytomorphological features correlate with and may suggest EGFR mutation status in advanced lung adenocarcinoma in an appropriate clinical context.
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Sevostianov, Igor. "Correlation between mechanical and conductive properties of porous/microcracked metals." Theoretical and Applied Mechanics, no. 28-29 (2002): 289–324. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/tam0229289s.
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Difierent physical properties of anisotropic porous/microcracked materials - the elastic and the conductive ones, in particular - can be explicitly related to one another. The practical usefulness of such relations lies in the fact that one physical property (say, electric conductivity) may be easier to measure than the other (say, full set of anisotropic elastic constants). Man-made microstructures designed for the optimal combined elastic/conductive performance constitute yet another application. These relations, derived from the micromechanical considerations, are confirmed by experiments on several heterogeneous materials. It is also shown that the anisotropic yield surface for a porous ductile material can be constructed from measurements of the efiective electric conductivities. The derived cross-property correlations are sensitive to pore aspect ratios and Poisson's ratio of the virgin material. .
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Turkowski, Volodymyr, and Talat S. Rahman. "Nonadiabatic Exchange-Correlation Potential for Strongly Correlated Materials in the Weak and Strong Interaction Limits." Computation 10, no. 5 (May 20, 2022): 77. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/computation10050077.
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In this work, nonadiabatic exchange-correlation (XC) potentials for time-dependent density-functional theory (TDDFT) for strongly correlated materials are derived in the limits of strong and weak correlations. After summarizing some essentials of the available dynamical mean-field theory (DMFT) XC potentials valid for these systems, we present details of the Sham–Schluter equation approach that we use to obtain, in principle, an exact XC potential from a many-body theory solution for the nonequilibrium electron self-energy. We derive the XC potentials for the one-band Hubbard model in the limits of weak and strong on-site Coulomb repulsion. To test the accuracy of the obtained potentials, we compare the TDDFT results obtained with these potentials with the corresponding nonequilibrium DMFT solution for the one-band Hubbard model and find that the agreement between the solutions is rather good. We also discuss possible directions to obtain a universal XC potential that would be appropriate for the case of intermediate interaction strengths, i.e., a nonadiabatic potential that can be used to perform TDDFT analysis of nonequilibrium phenomena, such as transport and other ultrafast properties of materials with any strength of electron correlation at any value in the applied perturbing field.
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Yoo, Young K., and Frank Tsui. "Continuous Phase Diagramming of Epitaxial Films." MRS Bulletin 27, no. 4 (April 2002): 316–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/mrs2002.99.
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AbstractHigh-throughput and systematic studies of complex materials systems using the approach of “continuous phase diagramming” (CPD) are described in this article. The discussions focus on the techniques of epitaxial film synthesis of CPD and mapping physical and structural properties, using two different material systems as examples: doped perovskite manganese oxides and magnetic alloys. In doped perovskite manganese oxides, a highly correlated system, mapping the optical, electrical, and magnetic properties, reveals surprising evidence of electronic phase transitions that correlate with the low-temperature magnetic order. In magnetic alloys, application of CPD, particularly using real-time characterization during epitaxial growth, makes it possible to examine structure–property relations systematically.
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Luzanov, A. V. "Single-molecule electronic materials. Conductance of π-conjugated oligomers within quasi-correlated tight-binding model." Functional materials 26, no. 1 (March 22, 2019): 152–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/fm26.01.152.
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Lopatin, Sergei, Areej Aljarb, Vladimir Roddatis, Tobias Meyer, Yi Wan, Jui-Han Fu, Mohamed Hedhili, Yimo Han, Lain-Jong Li, and Vincent Tung. "Aberration-corrected STEM imaging of 2D materials: Artifacts and practical applications of threefold astigmatism." Science Advances 6, no. 37 (September 2020): eabb8431. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.abb8431.
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High-resolution scanning transmission electron microscopy (HR-STEM) with spherical aberration correction enables researchers to peer into two-dimensional (2D) materials and correlate the material properties with those of single atoms. The maximum intensity of corrected electron beam is confined in the area having sub-angstrom size. Meanwhile, the residual threefold astigmatism of the electron probe implies a triangular shape distribution of the intensity, whereas its tails overlap and thus interact with several atomic species simultaneously. The result is the resonant modulation of contrast that interferes the determination of phase transition of 2D materials. Here, we theoretically reveal and experimentally determine the origin of resonant modulation of contrast and its unintended impact on violating the power-law dependence of contrast on coordination modes between transition metal and chalcogenide atoms. The finding illuminates the correlation between atomic contrast, spatially inequivalent chalcogenide orientation, and residual threefold astigmatism on determining the atomic structure of emerging 2D materials.
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Torrance, A. A., R. J. Stokes, and T. D. Howes. "Steel Composition Effects on Grindability and Rolling Contact Fatigue Resistance of Bearing Steels." Journal of Tribology 107, no. 4 (October 1, 1985): 496–500. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.3261115.
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Measurements of the grindability of a bearing quality AISI 1070 steel show that it is far less susceptible to grinding burn than is AISI 52100 steel. Whereas the behavior in this respect of AISI 52100 steel has been shown to correlate well with Malkin’s thermal model, the behavior of the AISI 1070 material did not show such good correlation, even when the difference in thermal conductivity of the two materials was taken into account. It was shown, however, that the more empirically based model of Peters et al. could provide a useful prediction for AISI 1070 steel and subsequently also for the AISI 52100 steel. Rolling contact tests indicate that its fatigue resistance is as good as that of AISI 52100, so it would seem to merit serious consideration as a cheaper alternative material for mass produced bearings.
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Odimegwu, Temple Chimuanya, A. B. M. Amrul Kaish, Ideris Zakaria, Manal Mohsen Abood, Maslina Jamil, and Kayode-Ojo Ngozi. "Nondestructive Determination of Strength of Concrete Incorporating Industrial Wastes as Partial Replacement for Fine Aggregate." Sensors 21, no. 24 (December 10, 2021): 8256. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21248256.
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Schmidt rebound hammer test was employed in this study as a nondestructive test. This test method has been universally utilized due to its non-destructiveness for quick and easy assessment of material strength properties and quality of concrete of an existing structure. Industrial waste materials (air-dried alum sludge, treated alum sludge, limestone dust and quarry dust) were employed as replacement material for fine aggregates in this study. A normal strength concrete was designed to achieve 35 MPa at 28 days, with industrial waste materials replacing fine aggregate at different percentages (0%, 5%, 10% and 15%), and then cured for 7, 28 and 180 days. The compressive strength values and rebound numbers for all the mixes obtained were correlated, and a regression equation was established between compressive strength and Schmidt rebound number. The correlation result showed an excellent relationship between rebound number and compressive strength of concrete produced in this study at all curing ages, with correlation coefficients of R2 = 0.98, R2 = 0.99 and R2 = 0.98. The predicted equation showed a strong relationship with the experimental compressive strength. Therefore, it can be used for the prediction of compressive strength of concrete with industrial waste as a replacement for fine aggregate.
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Wang, Qingchun, Mingzhou Duan, Enhua Xu, Jingxiang Zou, and Shuhua Li. "Describing Strong Correlation with Block-Correlated Coupled Cluster Theory." Journal of Physical Chemistry Letters 11, no. 18 (August 18, 2020): 7536–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.jpclett.0c02117.
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Grímsson, Friđgeir, Gunver Krarup Pedersen, Guido W. Grimm, and Reinhard Zetter. "A revised stratigraphy for the Palaeocene Agatdalen flora (Nuussuaq Peninsula, western Greenland): correlating fossiliferous outcrops, macrofossils, and palynological samples from phosphoritic nodules." Acta Palaeobotanica 56, no. 2 (December 1, 2016): 307–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/acpa-2016-0009.
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Abstract The Cretaceous and Palaeogene floras of western Greenland that were initially described as part of the classical work “Flora fossilis arctica” by Oswald Heer in the 19th century are currently under revision. The Nuussuaq Basin has repeatedly been investigated by geologists and marine invertebrate palaeontologists. These studies provide a modern stratigraphic framework and a basis for revisions of various Cretaceous to Eocene floras from this region, and the correlation of fossil material to stratigraphic units and formal formations. This paper is the first in a series of papers that (i) correlate macrofossil (museum) material and fossil-rich localities with the modern lithostratigraphic framework, (ii) describe new pollen, spores, and other marine/freshwater palynomorphs, and (iii) revise the macrofossil remains from the Agatdalen area (particularly the Danian Agatdal Formation). Since the work of B. Eske Koch in the 1960s and 70s, questions emerged about the correlation of plant fossiliferous outcrops and whether the so-called Agatdalen flora, referred to the Agatdal Formation, originates from a single sedimentary unit or not. In this paper, we summarise the stratigraphy of the Agatdalen area and correlate the fossil plant-bearing outcrops described by Koch to the current lithostratigraphy. We establish which plant fossils belong to the Agatdal Formation and re-assign a great number of other plant fossils to their correct formations. New palynological material is briefly described and correlated to the macrofossil localities and the Agatdal Formation. Previous accounts on the macrofossils (leaves, fruits, seeds) are briefly discussed and directions for future revisions are outlined.
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Pandey, Gaurav Kumar, Praveen Bhai Patel, Abhishek Kumar, Ramendra Singh Niranjan, Vikas Katiyar, and A. K. Chandra. "Effect of different wire materials on WEDM performance of Bio-compatible material." Production Engineering Archives 28, no. 1 (February 12, 2022): 50–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.30657/pea.2022.28.06.
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Abstract The present experimental investigation aims to analyse the effect of various machining parameters, such as pulse peak current (Ion), pulse on time (Ton), pulse off time (Toff) and spark voltage (SV) on the surface roughness (SR) and material removal rate(MRR) by using continuous traveling of both wire electrode (i.e. brass wire and zinc-coated brass wire). The present work also analyses the effect of types of wires, such as brass wire and zinc-coated brass wire used during machining of Titanium alloy (Ti-6Al-4V) on Surface roughness (SR) and material removal rate (MRR). This work studies the correlation between various response parameter such SR and MRR by using same machining parameter by for both wires.
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Chen, Qian He, Chun Lian Song, and Cai Xia Li. "Fracture Behavior of Modified Polymer Materials by Digital Image Correlation Method." Materials Science Forum 1032 (May 2021): 29–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.1032.29.
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Polymer materials play an important role in today's social development, and become important materials in industry, agriculture, national defense and other fields. With the further development of modern engineering material technology, polymer materials, together with information technology and biotechnology, promote the progress and development of society. The performance and quality of modified polymer materials have also entered the research field of vision of various industries and become the focus of exploration and analysis. The following is the research on the fracture behavior of modified polymer materials with the help of digital image correlation method. The purpose of this paper is to clarify the basic fracture work, shaping work and other fracture work parameters of various modified polymer materials, and grasp the root cause of fracture work parameters of modified polymer materials, so as to clarify the modification processing parameter means of these polymer materials.
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Wanner, Nate. "Background Concentrations of Arsenic in Ohio Soils: Sources and Influencing Factors." Ohio Journal of Science 118, no. 2 (February 9, 2018): 2. http://dx.doi.org/10.18061/ojs.v118i2.5851.
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Arsenic concentrations—representative of natural background conditions in Ohio soils—were compiled from the USGS National Geochemical Survey database, Ohio EPA studies, and private environmental site investigations. The resulting dataset of 2,783 samples collected from 1,116 locations was then correlated with soil data from USDA-NRCS SSURGO, glacial and bedrock geology, and analyses of other metals at these specific locations to identify factors most likely to affect arsenic concentrations in soil. Bedrock geology, particularly Devonian-aged materials and black shales, was found to significantly correlate to arsenic concentrations in soil. However, this correlation is complicated by both glaciation and post-glaciation erosion. Approximately 70% of Ohio’s bedrock is covered in glacial materials, such as till and outwash. As glaciers advanced across Ohio, bedrock materials were eroded and deposited farther south. Arsenic concentrations in Ohio soils tend to be highest where Devonian bedrock materials were deposited by glaciation. Following glacial deposition of materials, arsenic can be eroded or leached from the deposits. Deposits of wind-blown loess and materials deposited by water (as opposed to ice) had lower arsenic concentrations than glacial tills and outwash plains that underwent minimal erosion following glacial deposition.
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Thundathil, Manu, Ali Reza Nazmi, Bahareh Shahri, Nick Emerson, Jörg Müssig, and Tim Huber. "Visual–Tactile Perception of Biobased Composites." Materials 16, no. 5 (February 23, 2023): 1844. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma16051844.
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Biobased composites offer unique properties in the context of sustainable material production as well as end-of-life disposal, which places them as viable alternatives to fossil-fuel-based materials. However, the large-scale application of these materials in product design is hindered by their perceptual handicaps and understanding the mechanism of biobased composite perception, and its constituents could pave the way to creating commercially successful biobased composites. This study examines the role of bimodal (visual and tactile) sensory evaluation in the formation of biobased composite perception through the Semantic Differential method. It is observed that the biobased composites could be grouped into different clusters based on the dominance and interplay of various senses in perception forming. Attributes such as Natural, Beautiful, and Valuable are seen to correlate with each other positively and are influenced by both visual and tactile characteristics of the biobased composites. Attributes such as Complex, Interesting, and Unusual are also positively correlated but dominated by visual stimuli. The perceptual relationships and components of beauty, naturality, and value and their constituent attributes are identified, along with the visual and tactile characteristics that influence these assessments. Material design leveraging these biobased composite characteristics could lead to the creation of sustainable materials that would be more attractive to designers and consumers.