Journal articles: 'Material transfers'

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Trope, R. L. "Immaterial Transfers with Material Consequences." IEEE Security & Privacy Magazine 4, no. 5 (September 2006): 74–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/msp.2006.122.

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Pilkauskas, Natasha V., Janet M. Currie, and Irwin Garfinkel. "The Great Recession, Public Transfers, and Material Hardship." Social Service Review 86, no. 3 (September 2012): 401–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/667993.

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Perera, Sumudu, Ananda Rathnayake, Janaka Fernando, Thilani Navaratne, and Dilan Rajapakshe. "The Impact of Policy Shift from In-kind Transfers to Direct Cash Transfers on Paddy Production: Evidence from Mahaweli H System in Sri Lanka." South Asia Economic Journal 22, no. 1 (March 2021): 88–109. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/13915614211004821.

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In 2016, the Sri Lankan government introduced a policy change related to fertilizer subsidy by converting the in-kind transfer into a direct cash transfer. This research article analyses the consequences of this policy change on the paddy production from economics perspective. The analysis uses national-level data from 1961 to 2013 and farm-level data collected in 2016. Macro-level findings manifest that the use of fertilizer significantly increases the paddy production in Sri Lanka. It was also identified that the cash amount granted under the direct cash transfer policy is not equivalent to the in-kind transfer programme. As a result, paddy production is expected to decline under the direct cash transfer programme when compared to the material subsidy scheme. However, this is against the preference of economists on direct cash transfers over in-kind transfers. The findings reveal that direct cash transfers increase the paddy production under two conditions: (a) when rational farmers effectively utilize the cash grants to optimize their production inputs; and (b) an equivalent amount of in-kind transfer is provided as direct cash transfer. Hence, direct cash transfers are not always better than in-kind transfers; it is better when in-kind transfer is compensated with an equivalent amount of cash transfer. JEL: A1, B1, B2, C1, C5, D6, N5

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Belarbi, Rafik, Fares Bennai, Mohammed Yacine Ferroukhi, Chady El Hachem, and Kamilia Abahri. "Multiscale modelling for better hygrothermal prediction of porous building materials." MATEC Web of Conferences 149 (2018): 02005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201814902005.

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The aim of this work is to understand the influence of the microstructuralgeometric parameters of porous building materials on the mechanisms of coupled heat, air and moisture transfers, in order to predict behavior of the building to control and improve it in its durability. For this a multi-scale approach is implemented. It consists of mastering the dominant physical phenomena and their interactions on the microscopic scale. Followed by a dual-scale modelling, microscopic-macroscopic, of coupled heat, air and moisture transfers that takes into account the intrinsic properties and microstructural topology of the material using X-ray tomography combined with the correlation of 3D images were undertaken. In fact, the hygromorphicbehavior under hydric solicitations was considered. In this context, a model of coupled heat, air and moisture transfer in porous building materials was developed using the periodic homogenization technique. These informations were subsequently implemented in a dynamic computation simulation that model the hygrothermalbehaviourof material at the scale of the envelopes and indoor air quality of building. Results reveals that is essential to consider the local behaviors of materials, but also to be able to measure and quantify the evolution of its properties on a macroscopic scale from the youngest age of the material. In addition, comparisons between experimental and numerical temperature and relative humidity profilesin multilayers wall and in building envelopes were undertaken. Good agreements were observed.

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Lang, Maria-Katharina, and Baatarnaran Tsetsentsolmon. "Artefact Transfers." Inner Asia 22, no. 2 (November 4, 2020): 255–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22105018-12340150.

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Abstract The paper explores the flows of artefacts between public and private settings in alternative political and social relations in Mongolia. It investigates sacred places such as Buddhist temples and monasteries as well as museums (which were former temples) and examines movements of objects such as Buddhist figures, sacred books and ethnographic objects. The ‘artefact transfers’ not only relate to massive movements such as the displacement of sacred objects or deities (burkhan), their transformation into museum objects and the concealing of items underground, but the phrase also implies changes in perception, value and attitudes towards artefacts. Material culture also needed to be fitted into another order due to the process of ‘modernisation’ and societal transformation in Mongolia. Objects that suddenly appeared ambivalent had to be dealt with in order to conform to new or changing ideologies. Following the ‘biographies’ and ‘efficacy’ of artefacts, the authors argue that, through various cultural and economic exchanges in translocal networks, changes of perception and value activate artefact transfers.

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Lisiecki, Jerzy. "Financial and material transfers between east and West Germany." Soviet Studies 42, no. 3 (July 1990): 513–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09668139008411884.

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Hausladen, P. A., P. R. Bingham, J. S. Neal, J. A. Mullens, and J. T. Mihalczo. "Portable fast-neutron radiography with the nuclear materials identification system for fissile material transfers." Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section B: Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms 261, no. 1-2 (August 2007): 387–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nimb.2007.04.206.

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Tengdin, Phoebe, Christian Gentry, Adam Blonsky, Dmitriy Zusin, Michael Gerrity, Lukas Hellbrück, Moritz Hofherr, et al. "Direct light–induced spin transfer between different elements in a spintronic Heusler material via femtosecond laser excitation." Science Advances 6, no. 3 (January 2020): eaaz1100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.aaz1100.

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Heusler compounds are exciting materials for future spintronics applications because they display a wide range of tunable electronic and magnetic interactions. Here, we use a femtosecond laser to directly transfer spin polarization from one element to another in a half-metallic Heusler material, Co2MnGe. This spin transfer initiates as soon as light is incident on the material, demonstrating spatial transfer of angular momentum between neighboring atomic sites on time scales < 10 fs. Using ultrafast high harmonic pulses to simultaneously and independently probe the magnetic state of two elements during laser excitation, we find that the magnetization of Co is enhanced, while that of Mn rapidly quenches. Density functional theory calculations show that the optical excitation directly transfers spin from one magnetic sublattice to another through preferred spin-polarized excitation pathways. This direct manipulation of spins via light provides a path toward spintronic devices that can operate on few-femtosecond or faster time scales.

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Grimshaw, Kelly S., Kitty Fan, Alyssa Mullins, and Janet Parkosewich. "Using Quality Improvement Methods to Understand Incidence, Timing, and Factors Associated With Unplanned Intensive Care Unit Transfers of Patients With End-Stage Liver Disease." Progress in Transplantation 29, no. 4 (November 11, 2019): 361–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1526924819888132.

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Introduction: Patients with end-stage liver disease are at risk for clinical deterioration, often requiring hospital admissions while awaiting transplantation. Nurses observed that many patients were or became unstable soon after arrival, requiring transfers to the medical intensive care unit. Objective: To explore the incidence, timing, and factors associated with unplanned intensive care transfers. Design: We conducted a quality improvement project using plan-do-study-act methods to explore administrative data from adult patients admitted to the hepatology service’s medical–surgical unit. Chi-square and t-tests were used to examine associations between demographic, clinical, and temporal factors and unplanned transfers. Data were analyzed at the hospital encounter level. Results: Unplanned transfers occurred in 8.6% of 1418 encounters. The number of transfers during these encounters ranged from 1 to 6. Most unplanned transfers (65.9%) occurred during the evening shift. On average, there was a 4.2-hour delay to the transfer. Fifty-one percent of these encounters required support from clinicians outside the unit while waiting for a bed. Factors associated with unplanned intensive care unit transfer were male sex ( P = .02), self-referral to the emergency department ( P < .001), and lower initial mean Rothman Index ( P < .001). Discussion: Results validated nurses’ concerns about the patients’ severity of illnesses at the time of admission and frequent need for transfer to intensive care soon after admission. We now have actionable data that are being used by leaders to assess unit admission criteria and develop operating budgets for human and material resources needed to care for this challenging population.

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Gao, Junjie, Haitao Han, Daiying Deng, and Jijun Yu. "Mathematical Model for Analyzing Heat Transfer Characteristics of Ablative Thermal Insulating Material." International Journal of Aerospace Engineering 2020 (July 8, 2020): 1–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/8817902.

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A mathematical model based on minimal thermal resistance and equal law of specific equivalent thermal conductivity is developed to discuss the heat transfer characteristics of ablative thermal insulating material from the mesoscopic scale. Based on the statistical results of mesoscopic parameters, the microstructure unit cell model was established to analyze the influence rule of mesoscopic parameterization which includes the size, distribution, and positional relation of microsphere and fiber. The results show that the equivalent thermal conductivity decreases with the density, size, distribution area, and distance of microsphere and the space distance and volume fraction of fiber decreasing. Besides, the equivalent thermal conductivity will become larger when more quality of heat transfers along the fiber direction. Exploring the relationship between the macroscopic heat transfer process and the microstructure is meaningful for exploring the heat transfer behavior of thermal insulating material and improvement of the processing technology.

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Sumata, Claude, and Jeffrey H. Cohen. "The Congolese diaspora and the politics of remittances." Remittances Review 3, no. 2 (October 25, 2018): 95–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.33182/rr.v3i2.567.

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Economic turmoil and war constitute the main engines fuelling migration in the Democratic Republic of Congo since 1980. The development of migration is accompanied by remittance transfers that impact on the country. The most common use of remittances are to satisfy basic needs and fund specific family events that can include buying land, house construction and opening businesses along with consumption (education, health…). The direct transfer of material goods, such as cars and medical & IT materials, also plays a major role. While most remittances are not used to cover investments; funding education and family wellbeing can support growth and development.

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LIU, SIMAN, SUSANNE E. KELLER, and NATHAN M. ANDERSON. "Transfer of Salmonella from Inert Food Contact Surfaces to Wheat Flour, Cornmeal, and NaCl." Journal of Food Protection 85, no. 2 (February 1, 2021): 231–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.4315/jfp-21-225.

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ABSTRACT Salmonella contamination in a dry processing facility frequently requires removal methods that are nonaqueous. Removal of pathogens from food processing systems with a purge of uncontaminated dry food materials has been proposed; however, little is known with respect to efficacy. In this study, survival of Salmonella on inert contact surfaces and transfer of Salmonella from inert contact surfaces to low-moisture foods were evaluated. Six stainless steel and polymeric food contact material types, in bead form, were contaminated at 11 log CFU/mL and then stored at two temperatures, 25 and 4°C, for 6 months. Simultaneously, three dry food materials or ingredients were used to remove Salmonella from contaminated beads. Wheat flour, cornmeal, and NaCl (1 g each) were mechanically mixed with 3 beads of each material type. The rate of microbial transfer from contaminated beads to food materials was measured. Further experimentation using multiple transfers was applied on two representative beads types, 316 stainless steel and polypropylene, representing common surface contact materials used in processing equipment. Survival of Salmonella on beads depended on storage temperature, with longer survival (P < 0.05) at 4°C than at 25°C, but survival was not influenced by type of bead material. Transfer of Salmonella from stainless steel beads to flour was significantly greater (P < 0.05) than from plastic. Transfer rates from stainless steel to wheat flour, cornmeal, and NaCl were measured as −0.5713, −0.2592, and −1.4221 log CFU of Salmonella removed per cm2 per g of clean material used. Transfer rates from polypropylene to whole wheat flour, cornmeal, and NaCl were more than 10-fold lower at −0.0156, −0.0148, and −0.0129 log CFU of Salmonella removed per cm2 per g of clean material used. These results indicate that although material type may not influence Salmonella survival during storage, Salmonella is more easily removed from stainless steel than polypropylene. HIGHLIGHTS

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Kirsip, Heleri, and Aare Abroi. "Protein Structure-Guided Hidden Markov Models (HMMs) as A Powerful Method in the Detection of Ancestral Endogenous Viral Elements." Viruses 11, no. 4 (April 2, 2019): 320. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v11040320.

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It has been believed for a long time that the transfer and fixation of genetic material from RNA viruses to eukaryote genomes is very unlikely. However, during the last decade, there have been several cases in which “virus-to-host” gene transfer from various viral families into various eukaryotic phyla have been described. These transfers have been identified by sequence similarity, which may disappear very quickly, especially in the case of RNA viruses. However, compared to sequences, protein structure is known to be more conserved. Applying protein structure-guided protein domain-specific Hidden Markov Models, we detected homologues of the Virgaviridae capsid protein in Schizophora flies. Further data analysis supported “virus-to-host” transfer into Schizophora ancestors as a single transfer event. This transfer was not identifiable by BLAST or by other methods we applied. Our data show that structure-guided Hidden Markov Models should be used to detect ancestral virus-to-host transfers.

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Lima, Elisiane S., João M. P. Q. Delgado, Ana S. Guimarães, Wanderson M. P. B. Lima, Ivonete B. Santos, Josivanda P. Gomes, Rosilda S. Santos, et al. "Drying and Heating Processes in Arbitrarily Shaped Clay Materials Using Lumped Phenomenological Modeling." Energies 14, no. 14 (July 16, 2021): 4294. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14144294.

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This work aims to study the drying of clay ceramic materials with arbitrary shapes theoretically. Advanced phenomenological mathematical models based on lumped analysis and their exact solutions are presented to predict the heat and mass transfers in the porous material and estimate the transport coefficients. Application has been made in hollow ceramic bricks. Different simulations were carried out to evaluate the effect of drying air conditions (relative humidity and speed) under conditions of forced and natural convection. The transient results of the moisture content and temperature of the brick, and the convective heat and mass transfer coefficients are presented, discussed and compared with experimental data, obtaining a good agreement. It was found that the lower the relative humidity is and the higher the speed of the drying air is, the higher the convective heat and mass transfer coefficients are at the surface of the brick and in the holes, and the faster the moisture removal material and heating is. Based on the predicted results, the best conditions for brick drying were given. The idea is to increase the quality of the brick after the process, to reduce the waste of raw material and energy consumption in the process.

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Abidi, Awatef, Zehba Raizah, and Jamel Madiouli. "Magnetic Field Effect on the Double Diffusive Natural Convection in Three-Dimensional Cavity Filled with Micropolar Nanofluid." Applied Sciences 8, no. 12 (November 22, 2018): 2342. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app8122342.

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This article presents a three-dimensional numerical investigation of heat and mass transfers and fluid flow in a cavity filled with an Al2O3/water micropolar fluid under uniform magnetic field. To solve the governing non-dimensional equations, Finite Volume Method (FVM) based on 3-D vorticity-vector potential formulation has been employed. The effects of various parameters such as buoyancy ratio (−2 ≤ N ≤ 0), Rayleigh number (103 ≤ Ra ≤ 105), Hartmann number (0≤ Ha≤ 60), nanoparticles volume fraction (0 ≤ φ ≤ 0.06) and micropolar material parameter (0≤ K≤ 5) on flow structure and on heat and mass transfers are presented. The results illustrate that for the micropolar nanofluid model, both heat and mass transfer rates and three-dimensional character of the flow are smaller when compared with the pure nanofluid model. It is also observed that increase and decrease in heat and mass transfer rates is experienced due to increase in Rayleigh number and Hartmann number, respectively. It is also noted that increase in vortex viscosity parameter reduces the average heat and mass transfer rates and is more evident when the magnetic field is imposed. Combined effects of magnetic field and nanoparticles volume fraction on heat and mass transfers are also explored.

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Guo, Zheng Hua, Gang Yao Zhao, Li Ming Ke, Li Xing, and Shun Feng Zhu. "Finite Element Analysis of Materials Flow Behavior in Friction Stir Welding of 7075 Aluminum Alloy Plate." Applied Mechanics and Materials 117-119 (October 2011): 1621–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.117-119.1621.

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A 3D elastic-plastic and coupled thermo-mechanical FE model for friction stir welding(FSW) of 7075 aluminum alloy plate was developed based on the dynamic explicit code ABAQUS/explicit, then the FSW process of 7075 aluminum alloy plate was simulated and the materials flow behavior was analyzed. The results show that in the horizontal direction of the plate, two patterns of materials migration are produced: (1) the material rotates with the tool and finally deposits the tentative cavity behind the pin; (2) the material transfers in the mode of laminar flow. Furthermore, the streamlines of material in advanced side (AS) are bent along the reverse welding direction. After bypassing the pin, the material of retreating side (RS) moves backward it, and extends to AS.

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Walsh, J. P. "SCIENCE AND LAW: View from the Bench: Patents and Material Transfers." Science 309, no. 5743 (September 23, 2005): 2002–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.1115813.

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Yoshimura, Tetsuzo, Toshiaki Kofudo, Takahiro Kashiwazako, Kaneyuki Naito, Kazuhiro Ogushi, and Yohei Kitabayashi. "Material-saving optical waveguide fabrication process with selective transfers of cores." Optical Engineering 47, no. 1 (2008): 014601. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/1.2835697.

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Slade, Holly C. "Material and Operational Characterization of Hydrogenated Amorphous Silicon Thin Film Transfers." Electrochemical Society Interface 4, no. 4 (December 1, 1995): 55–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/2.f09954if.

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Polievoda, Yurii, Igor Tverdokhlib, and Valentina Bandura. "MODELLING OF OILY RAW MATERIAL EXCRACTION PROCESS." Vibrations in engineering and technology, no. 3(94) (November 26, 2019): 92–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.37128/2306-8744-2019-3-12.

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This paper concentrates on approaches to mathematical modelling of oily raw material extraction process. «Evolution» of modeling hypothesis based on analysis of differential diffusion equation under the right boundary and initial conditions; on simplified model of Fick's equation and on material balance equation; on mass transfer model in adsorption pore volume; on model for the surface layer by analogy of Van der Waals equation; on Gibbs' model based on the abrupt change of phases due to the intermolecular forces; on the simplest Langmuir equation model; on lattice-based models of Guggenheim, Pryhozhyn, Everett, Ohm, Briukhovetskyi and others. The fact that we need to know a large number of micro - parameters makes these models difficult to use in practice. Under normal extraction conditions, the flow, which comes out of solid phase, collides with the resistance of the diffusion boundary layer, which presents a tangible obstacle affecting the duration and quantity of special-purpose component extraction. As the boundary layer thickness depends on the hydrodynamics of the process, under the influence of the microwave field his obstacle is almost insensible, as the intense movement of liquid reduces its thickness. The main factor acting on the quantity of extracted substance is a pressure difference in capillaries and in the flow of extraction agent and mass transfer coefficient. The effect of pulse microwave input during the extraction transfers the process of diffusion from the external environment to internal, because internal pressure diffusion dominates in this process, but not the convective diffusion with the influence of external agent.

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GOTO, ATSUSHI, KENJIRO HASHI, TADASHI SHIMIZU, and SHINOBU OHKI. "NUCLEAR HYPERPOLARIZATION AND POLARIZATION TRANSFER SYSTEM FOR SEMICONDUCTORS." International Journal of Modern Physics B 21, no. 08n09 (April 10, 2007): 1664–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217979207043397.

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We have been developing a nuclear hyperpolarization and polarization transfer system for semiconductors. It enables successive transfers of polarization (angular momentum) from photons to nuclear spins via photo-excited electrons in semiconductors using laser, microwave and multi-channel radio-frequency fields, resulting in the nuclear hyperpolarization in a target material. A part of the system has been completed and successfully applied to the hyperpolarization and polarization transfer experiments in InP and GaAs . The current status of the system is presented together with some preliminary data.

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Zen, Bruno Massucato, Eveline Freitas Soares, Mariana Agustinho Rodrigues, Leonardo Flores Luthi, Rafael Leonardo X. Consani, Marcelo Ferraz Mesquita, and Guilherme Elias Pessanha Henriques. "Comparison of the Accuracy of Different Transfer Impression Techniques for Osseointegrated Implants." Journal of Oral Implantology 41, no. 6 (December 1, 2015): 662–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1563/aaid-joi-d-13-00126.

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The aim of this study was to evaluate 3 transfer techniques used to obtain working casts of implant-supported prostheses through the marginal misfit and strain induced to metallic framework. Thirty working casts were obtained from a metallic master cast, each one containing 2 implant analogs simulating a clinical situation of 3-unit implant-supported fixed prostheses according to the following transfer impression techniques: group A, squared transfers splinted with dental floss and acrylic resin, sectioned, and re-splinted; group B, squared transfers splinted with dental floss and bis-acrylic resin; and group N, squared transfers not splinted. A metallic framework was made for marginal misfit and strain measurements from the metallic master cast. The misfit between the metallic framework and working casts was evaluated with an optical microscope following the single-screw test protocol. In the same conditions, the strain was evaluated using strain gauges placed on the metallic framework. The data were submitted to one-way analysis of variance followed by the Tukey test (α = 5%). For both marginal misfit and strain, there were statistically significant differences between groups A and N (P < .01) and groups B and N (P < .01), with greater values for group N. According to the Pearson test, there was a positive correlation between the misfit and strain variables (r = 0.5642). The results of this study showed that the impression techniques with splinted transfers promoted better accuracy than the nonsplinted technique, regardless of the splinting material used.

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Alkanhal, Tawfeeq Abdullah. "Develop artificial neural network numerical modeling to study fluid flow and heat transfer of dispersed nanoparticles through base liquid." International Journal of Numerical Methods for Heat & Fluid Flow 31, no. 8 (February 15, 2021): 2733–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/hff-11-2020-0697.

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Purpose This paper aims to disperse the silicon dioxide in water (as the mono nanofluid [MN]) and then, carbon nanotube (CNT)-silica composite in water (as the hybrid nanofluid [HN]). Design/methodology/approach Nanofluids have gained lots of attention through the recent years. Due to their usage in the industries and also medical applications, they have high protentional to be studied in different aspects. The most common study for the nanofluids is to understand the heat transfer capacity for each material in each fluid. These material(s) or fluid(s) can be one (mono nanofluid) or more than one (hybrid nanofluid). Findings The mixture of two solids is to assess the unique properties of each material and also to decrease the cost of experiments. The heat transfers for both MN and HN were measured at volume fractions up to 1.0%, and temperatures up to 50°C. Also, the heat transfers were compared. By more CNT, thermal conductivity was enhanced about 17.39% (from 12.42% of MN to 29.81% of HN). Originality/value X-Ray diffraction and field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM) were examined for mono solids and the composite. After the experimental study, for MN and HN, four novel correlations calculated.

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Maaroufi, Maroua, Kamilia Abahri, Fares Bennai, and Rafik Belarbi. "Moisture transfer modelling in polystyrene mortar with consideration of sorption hysteresis." E3S Web of Conferences 128 (2019): 07006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/201912807006.

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The walls of buildings experience heat, air and moisture transfers. These transfers have a significant influence on indoor climate, since they affect the value of temperature and relative humidity inhouses. High levels of humidity lead to pathologies in the buildings, and influence the air quality and the hygrothermal comfort of the occupants. In this work, a numerical analysis of the behaviour of polystyrene mortar under hydric solicitations was led. The simulations were held using ComsolMultiphysics and MATLAB. There were two different moisture transfer models used in this work: the first one took into account sorption hysteresis phenomenon, and the other one did not. The computed results showed that considering sorption hysteresis in modelling the hydric behaviour of the material allows obtaining more accurate results comparing to a model that does not consider hysteresis.

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Lopez D., Claudia Marcela, and Isidro Elias Suarez P. "In vitro arrow cane (Gynerium sagitatum Aubl.) multiplication in double phase medium." Revista de Ciencias Agrícolas 35, no. 2 (December 18, 2018): 5–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.22267/rcia.183502.86.

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Arrow cane (Gynerium sagitatum Aubl.) is a Poaceae species used as fiber source to make traditional and valuable handmade craftsmanship by indigenous communities in Northern Colombia. Since no commercial crops are established fiber needs are taken from natural plant populations affecting ecosystem. A micropropagation protocol to clonally multiply large quantities of arrow cane plant material for planting commercial crops has been developed; however, micropropagated plants are costly compared to naturally extracted plant material. To reduce micropropagated plants costs, in the present research a double phase medium formulation along with continuous shoot culture with no periodic transfers to fresh medium was compared to semisolid medium system with subculture every four weeks with respect to multiplication rate and costs of micropropagated plants. The results showed that continuous culture of explants with double phase medium and no periodic transfers resulted in higher multiplication rates and larger shoots compared to shoots cultured using the conventionalsemisolid medium system and transfer to fresh medium every four weeks. Plants from both, semisolid and double phase culture system, fully adapted and recovered when transferred to ex vitro conditions. The cost analysis showed that double phase cultured shoots are ≥20% less expensive.

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Yount, Kathryn M., Solveig A. Cunningham, Michal Engelman, and Emily M. Agree. "Gender and Material Transfers Between Older Parents and Children in Ismailia, Egypt." Journal of Marriage and Family 74, no. 1 (January 11, 2012): 116–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1741-3737.2011.00881.x.

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Bourantonis, Dimitris, Sarantis Kalyvitis, and Constantine Tsoutsoplides. "The European Union and Greece: Political Acceptability and Financial Transfers." Politics 18, no. 2 (May 1998): 89–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1467-9256.00065.

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In this paper a conceptual model is developed that relates loyalty to a community of countries to the material benefits derived from it, measured by the transfer of extra income. We argue that the extent of a country's welfare, and consequently its acceptance to participate in a community increase together with the latter's scope for influence on the former. We use the paradigm of Greece, which is one of the main recipient countries in the EU. It was found that financial transfers concerning regional policy affect in the long-run ‘the acceptance of European integration’ by the public in Greece while social policy funds appear to have short-run positive effects on public opinion.

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Farahpour, Mona, and Majid Arvand. "In situ synthesis of advantageously united copper stannate nanoparticles for a new high powered supercapacitor electrode." New Journal of Chemistry 46, no. 8 (2022): 3806–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d1nj04972k.

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Gambardella, Pietro, and Ioan Mihai Miron. "Current-induced spin–orbit torques." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences 369, no. 1948 (August 13, 2011): 3175–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsta.2010.0336.

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The ability to reverse the magnetization of nanomagnets by current injection has attracted increased attention ever since the spin-transfer torque mechanism was predicted in 1996. In this paper, we review the basic theoretical and experimental arguments supporting a novel current-induced spin torque mechanism taking place in ferromagnetic (FM) materials. This effect, hereafter named spin–orbit (SO) torque, is produced by the flow of an electric current in a crystalline structure lacking inversion symmetry, which transfers orbital angular momentum from the lattice to the spin system owing to the combined action of SO and exchange coupling. SO torques are found to be prominent in both FM metal and semiconducting systems, allowing for great flexibility in adjusting their orientation and magnitude by proper material engineering. Further directions of research in this field are briefly outlined.

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Bonner, E., T. Burr, T. Krieger, K. Martin, and C. Norman. "Comprehensive Uncertainty Quantification in Nuclear Safeguards." Science and Technology of Nuclear Installations 2017 (2017): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/2679243.

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Nuclear safeguards aim to confirm that nuclear materials and activities are used for peaceful purposes. To ensure that States are honoring their safeguards obligations, quantitative conclusions regarding nuclear material inventories and transfers are needed. Statistical analyses used to support these conclusions require uncertainty quantification (UQ), usually by estimating the relative standard deviation (RSD) in random and systematic errors associated with each measurement method. This paper has two main components. First, it reviews why UQ is needed in nuclear safeguards and examines recent efforts to improve both top-down (empirical) UQ and bottom-up (first-principles) UQ for calibration data. Second, simulation is used to evaluate the impact of uncertainty in measurement error RSDs on estimated nuclear material loss detection probabilities in sequences of measured material balances.

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SANKARAN, PRADEEP M., JOHN T. D. CALEB, and POTHALIL A. SEBASTIAN. "New synonymies and transfers in Castianeira Keyserling, 1879 (Araneae, Corinnidae, Castianeirinae) from India." Zootaxa 4623, no. 2 (June 25, 2019): 331–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4623.2.7.

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Indian species in the castianeirine genus Castianeira Keyserling, 1879 (Corinnidae) are partly revised based on type materials deposited in the National Zoological Collection, Zoological Survey of India, Kolkata. Two new synonyms are recognized: Castianeira himalayensis Gravely, 1931 syn. nov. is synonymised with Corinnomma severum (Thorell, 1877), and Castianeira bengalensis Biswas, 1984 syn. nov. with the liocranid species Oedignatha scrobiculata Thorell, 1881. Castianeira albopicta Gravely, 1931 is considered as a nomen dubium. Castianeira adhartali Gajbe, 2003 and Castianeira indica Tikader, 1981 are transferred to Oedignatha Thorell, 1881 (Liocranidae). The taxonomic status of both Castianeira tinae Patel & Patel, 1973 and Castianeira quadrimaculata Reimoser, 1934 is discussed. All the examined type materials are illustrated, and the current status of the type material of each species is discussed.

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Onishi, Masanori. "Mobile Robot in the Clean Room - SEL-CARRY ACE -." Journal of Robotics and Mechatronics 9, no. 4 (August 20, 1997): 256–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.20965/jrm.1997.p0256.

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Shinko Electric has commercially introduced a ""SELCARRY ACE"" system of mobile robots for material transfer in clean rooms. The ACE is a new type of guided transfer robot that relies on ultrasonic sensors to check on the physical environment along its running route, uses the data thus obtained to determine its position, and runs accordingly on its own accord. A six-axis vertical articulated arm installed on the robot transfers objects between stations in the room. A sealed battery rechargeable automatically in a short time enables the unmanned ACE to run continuously. Since the battery can be recharged quickly while an object is being transferred, these features enables the user to construct a highly efficient transfer system.

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Kalra, G. D. S., Devidutta Mohanty, and Ritesh Jain. "Innovative technique: Distal venous cannulation for salvaging free flap venous thrombosis by heparinised saline irrigation." Indian Journal of Plastic Surgery 48, no. 01 (January 2015): 054–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/0970-0358.155270.

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ABSTRACT Introduction: Successful free tissue transfer depends on a multitude of factors, and adequate drainage of venous blood is one of the most critical part of successful free tissue transfers. Material and Methods: We report 6 cases of microvascular free flaps used for covering various defects, which developed venous congestion, that were salvaged with heparinised saline irrigation through the distal end of the congested vein by the help of an intravenous cannula. The irrigation was continued for 5 days. Results: All the flaps were successfully salvaged. Conclusion: This method has potential applications in situations for successful salvage of free tissue transfer particularly due to venous thrombosis.

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Jevtic, Sanja Damjan, Milesa Zivko Sreckovic, Nebojsa` Mitrovic, Predrag Branko Jovanic, Zoran Latinovic, Ljubica Konstantinovic, Milan Dukic, Radovan Radovanovic, and Lazar Petrovic. "SOME THEORETICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL FACTS CONCERNING LASER INTERACTION WITH MATERIALS OF BIOLOGICAL ORIGIN." JOURNAL OF ADVANCES IN BIOTECHNOLOGY 5, no. 1 (January 30, 2015): 534–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.24297/jbt.v5i1.4884.

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This paper deals with characterization of materials, by the use of objective descriptions of materialâ€™s optical properties. Here the materials of biological origin were tested. Authors presented their selection of the optical constants for the purpose of material detection and recognition. For plants of interest in medicine and pharmacy (root, fruit and leaves), in their most commonly used state â€“ powders, spectral coefficients of reflection in visible spectrum portion were measured. Depending on measurements using correlation methods, chosen groups of parameters were obtained, that could help determine presence of certain species. For characteristic spectra and plant species, certain laser wavelengths were evaluated in the light of being most suitable for distinguishing presence of plants. As second valuable fact, reflection coefficient in bio stimulation determines the level of power (power density, dose, etc) which laser really transfers to the system.

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Mnasri, Faiza, Kamilia Abahri, Ganaoui El, Rachid Bennacer, and Slimane Gabsi. "Numerical analysis of heat, air, and moisture transfers in a wooden building material." Thermal Science 21, no. 2 (2017): 785–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/tsci160421248m.

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The present paper aims to predict the hygrothermal behavior of massive wood panel considered as bio-based building material. In this context, we developed a macroscopic model coupled no linear heat, air, and moisture transfers that incorporates simultaneously the effect of thermal diffusion and infiltration phenomenon on the building material. The model inputs parameters were evaluated experimentally according to the recognized standards of material?s characterization. Therefore, numerous series of hygrothermal calculation were carried out on the 1-D and 2-D configuration in order to assess the dimensionless effect on such wooden material. Two types of boundary conditions were considered and examined. The first are at the material scale of wood drying process. The second type of conditions is at the wall scale, where the conditions of the building ambiance are considered. Moreover, the model sensitivity to the driving potentials coupling and to the parameters variability was considered and examined. It has been found that the coupling in the model had a remarkable impact on both kinetics of temperature and moisture content.

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Bhattarai, Bishnu Hari, Bharat Raj Pahari, and Sanjeev Maharjan. "Comparison of Energy Efficiency of traditional Brick Wall and Inco- Panel Wall: A Case Study of Hotel Sarowar in Pokhara." Journal of the Institute of Engineering 15, no. 3 (October 13, 2020): 57–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jie.v15i3.32007.

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Energy efficiency is understood to mean the utilization of energy in the most cost-effective manner to carry out process or provide a service, whereby energy waste is minimized, and the overall consumption of primary energy resources is reduced. Various measures can be employed to attain energy efficiency in building such as reducing demands for heating, cooling, lighting, consumption for office equipment and appliances demand, reducing energy requirement for ventilation, using energy efficient building materials. An energy efficient home is designed to keep out the wind and rain while reducing energy waste. Modern homes are built with variety of different materials. They are no longer built using only bricks and mortar. A wide variety of energy efficient building materials are now available. Recycled Steel, Insulating Concrete Forms, Plant-based Polyurethane Foam, Straw Bales, Structural Insulated Panels, Plastic Composite Lumber, Vacuum Insulation Panels, Inco-panel are among alternatives available. Among those various wall materials, energy performance analysis in terms of heating and cooling load is done in this thesis. For this study, under construction Hotel Sarowar is chosen for analysis. This study compares heat transfer on the building when Inco-panel is used as wall material and conventional brick masonry is used as wall material. The heat transfers through those walls are calculated using MS Excel and ANSYS Software.

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Dahanni, Hiam, Aya Rima, Kamilia Abahri, Chady El Hachem, and Hassan Assoum. "Impact of the 3D morphology on the hygro-thermal transfer of hygroscopic materials: application to spruce wood." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2069, no. 1 (November 1, 2021): 012008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2069/1/012008.

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Abstract Spruce wood is a bio-based material that is well known in the building construction field because of its good thermal and acoustic properties. It has a heterogeneous anatomical structure and also hygroscopic nature which offers the possibility to swell or shrink–in accordance to–relative humidity solicitations. In this context, the aim of this paper is to investigate the influence of the microstructure of spruce wood on the mechanisms of heat and mass transfers. The novelty of this article is that a real 3D spruce wood structure is taken into account to model hygrothermal transfer within the material. A 3D X-ray micro-tomography was investigated for the reconstruction of the material at a resolution of 3.35 μm/pixel. Hygrothermal model was developed in order to predict the influence of the anatomical structure of wood on the material behaviour. The resulting 3D temperature and relative humidity profiles show a significant dependence on the morphological structure of the material and the mechanisms that are at the microscopic scale have an influence on the macroscopic scale.

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Legrand, A., A. Moissette, M. Hureau, S. Casale, P. Massiani, H. Vezin, A. S. Mamede, and I. Batonneau-Gener. "Electron transfers in a TiO2-containing MOR zeolite: synthesis of the nanoassemblies and application using a probe chromophore molecule." Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. 16, no. 26 (2014): 13145–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c4cp01543f.

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Välimäki, Reima. "Transfers of anti-Waldensian material from a polemical treatise to a didactic text." Medieval Worlds medieval worlds, Volume 7. 2018 (2018): 153–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1553/medievalworlds_no7_2018s153.

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Belle, Marie-Alice, and Brenda M. Hosington. "Transformative Translations: Linguistic, Cultural, and Material Transfers in Early Modern England and France." Renaissance and Reformation 43, no. 2 (September 10, 2020): 9–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.33137/rr.v43i2.34740.

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Kolarova, Elizabeth Scott. "Brand Association Transfers between Corporate and Product Building Material Brands: Perceptions of Homebuilders." Forest Products Journal 59, no. 11 (November 2009): 75–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.13073/0015-7473-59.11.75.

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Generous, Alex R., Oliver J. Harrison, Regina B. Troyanovsky, Mathieu Mateo, Chanakha K. Navaratnarajah, Ryan C. Donohue, Christian K. Pfaller, et al. "Trans-endocytosis elicited by nectins transfers cytoplasmic cargo, including infectious material, between cells." Journal of Cell Science 132, no. 16 (July 22, 2019): jcs235507. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/jcs.235507.

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Peccoud, Jean, Vincent Loiseau, Richard Cordaux, and Clément Gilbert. "Massive horizontal transfer of transposable elements in insects." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 114, no. 18 (April 17, 2017): 4721–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1621178114.

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Horizontal transfer (HT) of genetic material is central to the architecture and evolution of prokaryote genomes. Within eukaryotes, the majority of HTs reported so far are transfers of transposable elements (TEs). These reports essentially come from studies focusing on specific lineages or types of TEs. Because of the lack of large-scale survey, the amount and impact of HT of TEs (HTT) in eukaryote evolution, as well as the trends and factors shaping these transfers, are poorly known. Here, we report a comprehensive analysis of HTT in 195 insect genomes, representing 123 genera and 13 of the 28 insect orders. We found that these insects were involved in at least 2,248 HTT events that essentially occurred during the last 10 My. We show that DNA transposons transfer horizontally more often than retrotransposons, and unveil phylogenetic relatedness and geographical proximity as major factors facilitating HTT in insects. Even though our study is restricted to a small fraction of insect biodiversity and to a recent evolutionary timeframe, the TEs we found to be horizontally transferred generated up to 24% (2.08% on average) of all nucleotides of insect genomes. Together, our results establish HTT as a major force shaping insect genome evolution.

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Wang, Xue Sheng, Zheng Bian Wang, and Qin Zhu Chen. "Research on Manufacturing Technology and Heat Transfer Characteristics of Sintered Porous Surface Tubes." Advanced Materials Research 97-101 (March 2010): 1161–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.97-101.1161.

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A new process for manufacturing sintered porous surface tube has been developed. By using this technology, three kinds of sintered porous surface tubes were fabricated, which base material was carbon steel and the sintered layer was bronze powder. And their boiling heat transfer characteristics were investigated experimentally. The experimental results indicated that the boiling heat transfers coefficient and the heat flux of these porous surfaces tubes were increased by 8~14 times and 5~8 times respectively compared with the smooth one. Finally, a new high flux heat exchanger was designed and applied instead of conventional one in a refinery.

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Vats, A., D. Roy, and MK Prasad. "Direct versus indirect transfer for traumatic brain injury to James Cook University Hospital: a retrospective study." Annals of The Royal College of Surgeons of England 103, no. 1 (January 2021): 23–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1308/rcsann.2020.0180.

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Introduction Patients with traumatic brain injury are referred to the neurosurgical unit at James Cook University Hospital, Middlesbrough, either from local accident and emergency departments (direct transfer from the scene) or from other hospitals (indirect transfer). This study looked at the outcome in both groups. Material and methods This was a retrospective observational study using trauma audit research network data for patients treated for traumatic brain injury at the neurosurgery department at the neurosurgical unit at James Cook University Hospital. Results A total of 356 patients with traumatic brain injury were admitted under the care of neurosurgeons; 143 (40%) of these patients had a neurosurgical procedure. Of the patients undergoing a neurological procedure, 111 patients were transferred directly while 32 were indirect transfers; 213 patients were managed conservatively. Of those managed conservatively, 165 were transferred directly while 48 were indirect transfers. We compared the length of hospital stay and Glasgow Outcome Scale score for the patients based on whether they were conservatively managed or required surgery in the direct and indirect transfer groups. The difference in the length of stay in the surgical and conservative groups following direct and indirect transfer was insignificant (p = 0.07). The time to the operation in direct and indirect transfer was also not statistically significant (p = 0.06). Conclusion Patients are as safe, if not safer, by reaching the nearest trauma unit with facilities for resuscitation and imaging.

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Karlsson, Jonas, Thomas Eriksson, Berit Lindahl, and Isabell Fridh. "The Patient’s Situation During Interhospital Intensive Care Unit-to-Unit Transfers: A Hermeneutical Observational Study." Qualitative Health Research 29, no. 12 (February 27, 2019): 1687–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1049732319831664.

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Interhospital intensive care unit-to-unit transfers are an increasing phenomenon, earlier mainly studied from a patient safety perspective. Using data from video recordings and participant observations, the aim was to explore and interpret the observed nature of the patient’s situation during interhospital intensive care unit-to-unit transfers. Data collection from eight transfers resulted in over 7 hours of video material and field notes. Using a hermeneutical approach, three themes emerged: being visible and invisible; being in a constantly changing space; and being a fettered body in constant motion. The patient’s situation can be viewed as an involuntary journey, one where the patient exists in a constantly changing space drifting in and out of the health personnel’s attention and where movements from the journey become part of the patient’s body. Interhospital transfers of vulnerable patients emerge as a complex task, challenging the health personnel’s ability to maintain a caring atmosphere around these patients.

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Cheng, Wen Dan, Chen Sheng Lin, Zhong Zhen Luo, and Yi Yang. "Study on Nonlinear Optical Properties of BSS Material." Advanced Materials Research 747 (August 2013): 497–500. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.747.497.

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The calculated results based on the density functional theory are employed to simulate the nonlinear optical properties of a new compound of Ba7Sn5S15 (BSS). The frequency (ω=eV/ħ) dependent SHG tensor components of the BSS are calculated from 0.0 to 2.0 eV energy range. The calculated components d31(20.3 pm/V) and d33(18.8 pm/V) are close to the experimental value of of 19.5 pm/V at a wavelength of 2.10 μm. The SHG conversion efficiency and the figure of merit of BSS material are about two fold as compared with those of AgGaS2 material. The charge transfers within the (Sn2S3) and (SnS4) polyhedrons lead to the most contribution to SHG response, and the polarity superposition of the [Sn2S3]2- groups will strengthen the crystal polarity and result in a large SHG response in a BSS material.

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Garašić, Ivica, Maja Jurica, Ante Barišić, and Dario Iljkić. "Determination of ballistic properties on ARMOX 500T steel welded joint." Engineering review 39, no. 2 (2019): 186–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.30765/er.39.2.8.

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In this paper, the effect of different hardness filler materials and sequence of welding on the ballistic performance has been investigated. Also, besides the optimization of the ballistic properties, other mechanical testing was carried out in order to achieve wanted mechanical properties along the entire welded joint. The experimental work includes macrostructure analysis, ballistic testing, and hardness testing of steel welded joint. The base material used in the experiment were ARMOX® 500T plates. In this experiment 3 different filler materials were used. Based on the testing results, it was found out that best ballistic performance of the welded joint is achieved if capping layer is welded with a hardfacing filler material. This distributes the impact energy to a greater area and transfers it to the lower hardness weld layer underneath which then absorbs the rest of the energy.

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PATEL, LEILA, TRUDIE KNIJN, and FRITS VAN WEL. "Child Support Grants in South Africa: A Pathway to Women's Empowerment and Child Well-being?" Journal of Social Policy 44, no. 2 (January 20, 2015): 377–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0047279414000919.

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AbstractDespite the growth of cash transfers to reduce poverty, promote child and family well-being and women's empowerment, the gender dynamics and impact of social protection remains poorly understood. We hypothesise that poor female care-givers receiving a cash transfer for their children are better able to contribute to the material and social well-being of their children than female care-givers who do not receive a cash transfer. This paper reports results of a household survey in one of the poorest wards in Johannesburg, South Africa. Structural equation modelling is used to analyse the data. We found that cash transfers increase women's individual income, which is in turn positively associated with increased financial independence, decision-making power over financial resources and decisions about children's well-being. Beneficiaries were more actively engaged in care activities with their children. There are two implications for the insertion of gender and care into social protection policies. First that it is not necessary to attach behavioural change conditions to social protection policies in order to stimulate female care-givers to be more engaged in developmental activities with their children. Second, there is no risk of promoting a maternalistic model of care or ‘maternalism’ in the South African context as the transfer contributes to both women's individual incomes and their financial decision-making power.

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Wagner, David W., and Matthew P. Reed. "Step scaling and behaviour selection in a constrained set of manual material handling transfers." Ergonomics 56, no. 6 (June 2013): 964–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00140139.2013.780099.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Material transfers'

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