Journal articles: 'Material Property Identification'

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Wilkie, Jack, Paul D. Docherty, and Knut Möller. "Model-based bone material property identification." at - Automatisierungstechnik 68, no. 11 (November 26, 2020): 913–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/auto-2020-0083.

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AbstractCorrect torqueing of bone screws is important for orthopaedic surgery. Surgeons mainly tighten screws ad hoc, risking inappropriate torqueing. An adaptive torque-limiting screwdriver may be able to measure the torque-rotation response and use parameter identification of key material properties to recommend optimal torques. This paper analyses the identifiability and sensitivity of a model of the bone screwing process. The accuracy with which values of the Young modulus (E) of the bone were identified depended on the value of E, with larger values being less accurately identified. The error in identified {\sigma _{uts}} (Tensile strength) values was less than 0.5 % over all the cases tested, with no discernible dependence on the co-identified values of E. Experimental validation is still required for the model and identification process, but this approach is feasible and promising from a theoretical perspective.

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Kottner, Radek, Richard Hynek, Tomáš Mandys, and Jan Bartošek. "Material property determination of the lining layers of a versatile helmet." MATEC Web of Conferences 157 (2018): 06005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201815706005.

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This paper deals with material property identification of a helmet lining consisting of an outer layer of an expanded polystyrene (EPS) and inner layer of an open-closed cell foam (OCCF). A combined numerical simulation and experimental testing was used for the material property identification. Compression and drop tests were performed. The ABAQUS finite element commercial code was used for numerical simulations in which the OOCF was modelled as a rate dependent viscoelastic material, while the EPS as a crushable foam. The reaction force time histories coming from the numerical simulation and the experiment have been used as a criterion for material parameter determination. After the identification of the material properties, numerical drop-tests were used to study the behaviour of a plate and a conical composite OOCF and EPS liners to decide which of them suits more for the helmet.

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TAKEKOSHI, Kunio. "Study on the Identification Method for the Non-linear Material Property." Proceedings of the Materials and Mechanics Conference 2019 (2019): OS1512. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jsmemm.2019.os1512.

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O'Callaghan, Tim. "Intellectual property in the petroleum production and exploration sector—the other hidden asset." APPEA Journal 55, no. 2 (2015): 447. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/aj14082.

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According to IBISWorld (2013), 7.7% of Australia’s A$11 trillion assets are natural resources and 5.4% is intellectual property. Despite this intellectual property is overlooked as a valuable asset in the oil and gas industry. As the means of extraction become more complex, the methods and tools needed for the purpose can give one company an edge over another. Intellectual property rights help to protect that competitive advantage. Companies need to have a strategy for the early identification, management and protection of this asset. Customers, contractors and joint venture partners can create intellectual property ownership issues that must also be identified and properly managed. This extended abstract provides: a framework for establishing a robust intellectual property management strategy for companies in the exploration and production sector; identification of key intellectual property assets of businesses in the sector; a review of industry specific challenges, such as the requirement under WA’s Petroleum and Geothermal Energy Resources (Environment) Regulations 2012 to disclose trade secrets and commercially sensitive material about downhole substances; and, consideration of model agreements used in the sector, such as the AMPLA Model Petroleum Exploration Joint Operating Agreement.

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Sung, Byung Joon, Jin Woo Park, and Yong Hyup Kim. "Material Property Identification of Composite Plates Using Neural Network and Evolution Algorithm." AIAA Journal 40, no. 9 (September 2002): 1914–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/2.1873.

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Sung, B. J., J. W. Park, and Y. H. Kim. "Material property identification of composite plates using neural network and evolution algorithm." AIAA Journal 40 (January 2002): 1914–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/3.15278.

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Lißner, Julian, and Felix Fritzen. "Data-Driven Microstructure Property Relations." Mathematical and Computational Applications 24, no. 2 (May 31, 2019): 57. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mca24020057.

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An image based prediction of the effective heat conductivity for highly heterogeneous microstructured materials is presented. The synthetic materials under consideration show different inclusion morphology, orientation, volume fraction and topology. The prediction of the effective property is made exclusively based on image data with the main emphasis being put on the 2-point spatial correlation function. This task is implemented using both unsupervised and supervised machine learning methods. First, a snapshot proper orthogonal decomposition (POD) is used to analyze big sets of random microstructures and, thereafter, to compress significant characteristics of the microstructure into a low-dimensional feature vector. In order to manage the related amount of data and computations, three different incremental snapshot POD methods are proposed. In the second step, the obtained feature vector is used to predict the effective material property by using feed forward neural networks. Numerical examples regarding the incremental basis identification and the prediction accuracy of the approach are presented. A Python code illustrating the application of the surrogate is freely available.

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Feng, Xiang Sai, and Kai Shu Guan. "Identification of Creep Property by Small Punch Creep Test and Neural Networks." Applied Mechanics and Materials 711 (December 2014): 227–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.711.227.

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Present work describes an approach to identify creep properties of P91 with finite element simulations and neural networks. The small punch test was used to determine the material property under high temperature. Results showed that, the neural networks could be used to evaluate the creep property together with the small punch creep test and finite element simulations.

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Gaillard, Claire, Agnieszka Mech, Wendel Wohlleben, Frank Babick, Vasile-Dan Hodoroaba, Antoine Ghanem, Stefan Weigel, and Hubert Rauscher. "A technique-driven materials categorisation scheme to support regulatory identification of nanomaterials." Nanoscale Advances 1, no. 2 (2019): 781–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c8na00175h.

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Savvas, Dimitrios, Iason Papaioannou, and George Stefanou. "Bayesian identification and model comparison for random property fields derived from material microstructure." Computer Methods in Applied Mechanics and Engineering 365 (June 2020): 113026. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cma.2020.113026.

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Cao, Li Juan, Zi Chang Shangguan, and Shou Ju Li. "Nonlinear Identification Approach of Nonlinear Constitutive Model of Soil Material with Optimization Procedure." Advanced Materials Research 461 (February 2012): 686–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.461.686.

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Model identification of dynamic systems in the vibration engineering field has been followed with interest in recent years. A number of identification techniques on this topic are now available, such as parametric or non-parametric identification methods, time domain or frequency domain estimation approaches, etc. The identification approach of nonlinear constitutive model from input-output measurements is proposed. The inverse problem of material characterization is formulated as parameter identification problem that is solved by using optimization procedure. A set of parameters corresponding to the material property can be determined by minimizing objective function which accounts for experimental data and calculated responses of the mechanical model. The performances of the proposed identification approach were evaluated with simulating data. The effectiveness of identification approach is validated by numerical simulation. The investigation results show that the proposed identification algorithm poses good robustness and high identification precision.

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Zhao, Aobo, Ali Imam Sunny, Li Li, and Tengjiao Wang. "Machine Learning-Based Structural Health Monitoring Using RFID for Harsh Environmental Conditions." Electronics 11, no. 11 (May 30, 2022): 1740. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics11111740.

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Post Operation Clean Out (POCO) is the process to remove hazardous materials and decommission nuclear facilities at the end of a nuclear plant’s lifetime. The introduction of Internet of Things (IoT) technologies in the environment, especially radio frequency identification (RFID), would improve efficiency and safety by intelligently monitoring POCO activities. In this paper, we present a passive material identification and crack sensing method developed for the integration of sensing and communication using commercial off-the-shelf (COTS) RFID tags, which is a long-term solution to material property monitoring under insulation for harsh environmental conditions. To validate the effectiveness of material identification and crack monitoring, machine learning techniques have been applied, and the feasibility of the study has been outlined. The result shows that the material identification can be achieved with traditional features and obtain improved accuracy with three-layer multi-layer neural networks (MLNN). In crack characterization, the tree algorithm based on traditional features achieves a reasonable accuracy, while three-layer MLNN is the best solution, which supports the efficiency of traditional feature extraction methods in specific applications.

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Lee, Jong-Yong, Hyun-Jae Seo, Kyu-Hwan Oh, Jiang Bo, and Sang-Keun Oh. "Crack-Bridging Property Evaluation of Synthetic Polymerized Rubber Gel (SPRG) through Yield Stress Parameter Identification." Materials 14, no. 24 (December 10, 2021): 7599. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14247599.

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Yield stress parameter derivation was conducted by stress-strain curve analysis on four types of grout injection leakage repair materials (GILRM); acrylic, epoxy, urethane and SPRG grouts. Comparative stress-strain curve analysis results showed that while the yield stress point was clearly distinguishable, the strain ratio of SPRG reached up to 664% (13 mm) before material cohesive failure. A secondary experimental result comprised of three different common component ratios of SPRG was conducted to derive and propose an averaged yield stress curve graph, and the results of the yield stress point (180% strain ratio) were set as the basis for repeated stress-strain curve analysis of SPRGs of up to 15 mm displacement conditions. Results showed that SPRG yield stress point remained constant despite repeated cohesive failure, and the modulus of toughness was calculated to be on average 53.1, 180.7, and 271.4 N/mm2, respectively, for the SPRG types. The experimental results of this study demonstrated that it is possible to determine the property limits of conventional GILRM (acrylic, epoxy and urethane grout injection materials) based on yield stress. The study concludes with a proposal on potential application of GILRM toughness by finite element analysis method whereby strain of the material can be derived by hydrostatic pressure. Comparative analysis showed that the toughness of SPRG materials tested in this study are all able to withstand hydrostatic pressure range common to underground structures (0.2 N/mm2). It is expected that the evaluation method and model proposed in this study will be beneficial in assessing other GILRM materials based on their toughness values.

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SAPOZHNYK, Dmytro. "MODERN ASPECTS OF IDENTIFICATION OF COUNTERFEIT PRODUCTS." Herald of Khmelnytskyi National University. Economic sciences 316, no. 2 (April 27, 2023): 226–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.31891/2307-5740-2023-316-2-36.

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The article discusses the problems and modern aspects of identification of counterfeit products, as well as the problems arising in the course of combating counterfeit goods. It is stated that if the manufacture, distribution or other use, as well as import, transportation or storage of material media containing the result of intellectual activity or means of individualization lead to infringement of the exclusive right to such result or means, such material media are considered counterfeit. The author shows that importation and distribution of counterfeit products are primarily associated with falsification of quantitative and qualitative indicators of goods in order to understate the customs value of goods, which significantly affects the calculation of customs duties. At the same time, up to 80% of goods in circulation in the domestic market are related to copyright or patent infringement, and in certain groups of goods in circulation, 30 to 50% are actually counterfeit or falsified. The author analyzes the damage caused by counterfeit products to the country’s economy and business. It is noted that an integrated approach is needed to combat counterfeit products, detect and prevent their import and export, and the following measures are worthy of attention: improvement of interaction between customs authorities and right holders; improvement of the regulatory framework in the field of intellectual property protection; raising the legal culture of citizens in the field of intellectual property; introduction of new technical means of control and information transfer; improvement of the procedure for declaration and commodity expertise. It is stated that the main aspects of modern identification of counterfeit products are: determination of the homogeneity of the presented sample of goods to the registered goods (specified in the certificate). The goods compared in the course of examination may be recognized as heterogeneous, homogeneous, identical, close to identity; determination of identity or similarity of goods, including possible mixing (degree of mixing) of multi-component products.

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Meisel, Nicholas Alexander, David A. Dillard, and Christopher B. Williams. "Impact of material concentration and distribution on composite parts manufactured via multi-material jetting." Rapid Prototyping Journal 24, no. 5 (July 9, 2018): 872–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/rpj-01-2017-0005.

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Purpose Material jetting approximates composite material properties through deposition of base materials in a dithered pattern. This microscale, voxel-based patterning leads to macroscale property changes, which must be understood to appropriately design for this additive manufacturing (AM) process. This paper aims to identify impacts on these composites’ viscoelastic properties due to changes in base material composition and distribution caused by incomplete dithering in small features. Design/methodology/approach Dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) is used to measure viscoelastic properties of two base PolyJet materials and seven “digital materials”. This establishes the material design space enabled by voxel-by-voxel control. Specimens of decreasing width are tested to explore effects of feature width on dithering’s ability to approximate macroscale material properties; observed changes are correlated to multi-material distribution via an analysis of ingoing layers. Findings DMA shows storage and loss moduli of preset composites trending toward the iso-strain boundary as composition changes. An added iso-stress boundary defines the property space achievable with voxel-by-voxel control. Digital materials exhibit statistically significant changes in material properties when specimen width is under 2 mm. A quantified change in same-material droplet groupings in each composite’s voxel pattern shows that dithering requires a certain geometric size to accurately approximate macroscale properties. Originality/value This paper offers the first quantification of viscoelastic properties for digital materials with respect to material composition and identification of the composite design space enabled through voxel-by-voxel control. Additionally, it identifies a significant shift in material properties with respect to feature width due to dithering pattern changes. This establishes critical design for AM guidelines for engineers designing with digital materials.

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Wu, Ze Yu, Bing Wang, Yong Jun Lu, Chen Jing Li, Suai Fu Gu, and Wen Yuan Li. "Structure Mode Geometrical Identification and Application." Applied Mechanics and Materials 438-439 (October 2013): 765–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.438-439.765.

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Frequency and mode are character parameters of structure, and mode is also self-contained coordinate basis vector of displacement, so mode can be used for concept design and mechanical design. Through depth-width ratio from one to seven, results indicate the whole deformation of structure varies from shear mode to bend mode gradually; except for vertical mode, general mode is not one deformation, it is coupled by several deformations and one deformation ratio is dominant. During three of depth-width ratio, structure deforms in shear mode, so masonry structure should be in that range. In order to exerting reinforced concrete and steel material property and energy consumption capacity, the depth-width ratio should be from three to seven. For depth-width ratio between five and seven, the first eight modes is the same, manifesting mode has convergence property.

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Wang, Jianjun, and Timothy C. Ovaert. "Computational mechanical property determination of viscoelastic/plastic materials from nanoindentation creep test data." Journal of Materials Research 24, no. 3 (March 2009): 1245–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/jmr.2009.0141.

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Nanoindentation is a widely accepted test method for materials characterization. On account of the complexity of contact deformation behavior, design of parametric constitutive models and determination of the unknown parameters is challenging. To address the need for identification of mechanical properties of viscoelastic/plastic materials from nanoindentation data, a combined numerical finite element/optimization-based indentation modeling tool was developed, fully self-contained, and capable of running on a PC as a stand-alone executable program. The approach uses inverse engineering and formulates the material characterization task as an optimization problem. The model development consists of finite element formulation, viscoelastic/plastic material models, heuristic estimation to obtain initial solution boundaries, and a gradient-based optimization algorithm for fast convergence to extract mechanical properties from the test data. A four-parameter viscoelastic/plastic model is presented, then a simplified three-parameter model with more rapid convergence. The end result is a versatile tool for indentation simulation and mechanical property analysis.

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Kim, S., and K. A. Stelson. "Finite Element Method for the Analysis of a Material Property Identification Algorithm for Pressbrake Bending." Journal of Engineering for Industry 110, no. 3 (August 1, 1988): 218–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.3187872.

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Finite element analysis is used to evaluate an algorithm to identify the material characteristics of a sheet being bent in a pressbrake from force and displacement measurements. In this way, calculations are used as a numerical experiment so that the accuracy of the simplified model assumed for the identification algorithm can be assessed. The results also suggest ways to improve the algorithm. The identification algorithm is used as part of a real time control system for bending. The finite element analysis shows that the stress estimates are accurate, but that the strain estimates need improvement either by the use of an empirical calibration factor or by the development of a more exact theory.

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Qiu, Bihan, Tong Han, and Yang Liu. "Application and Study of Epoxy Resin AB Adhesive in the Preparation of Rock Thin Section." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2499, no. 1 (May 1, 2023): 012011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2499/1/012011.

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Abstract Common rock thin section making and identification technology is widely used in reservoir property research of oil and gas exploration and development, and in basic analysis such as rock and mineral identification. It is also used to identify and describe tiny rock particles, fossils, fractures, and structures. The preparation of qualified rock-thin sections is critical to the accuracy of identification results. Through the research on each link affecting the production process and materials of ordinary rock slices and continuous experimental optimization and comparison, epoxy resin AB glue is used as bonding colloid material, for it is colorless, transparent, insoluble in water, impact resistant, and firmly bonded to tiny rock particles.

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GUNAWAN, F. E., H. HOMMA, Y. KANTO, and Y. ZHAO. "PMC-14: Stress Wave Method for Identification of Viscoelastic Material Property Based on Finite-element Inverse-analysis(PMC-II: POLYMERS AND POLYMER MATRIX COMPOSITES)." Proceedings of the JSME Materials and Processing Conference (M&P) 2005 (2005): 6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jsmeintmp.2005.6_4.

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Saha, Sourav, Orion L. Kafka, Ye Lu, Cheng Yu, and Wing Kam Liu. "Microscale Structure to Property Prediction for Additively Manufactured IN625 through Advanced Material Model Parameter Identification." Integrating Materials and Manufacturing Innovation 10, no. 2 (May 11, 2021): 142–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40192-021-00208-5.

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Maiti, Rishi, Rohit A. Hemnani, Rubab Amin, Zhizhen Ma, Mohammad H. Tahersima, Tom A. Empante, Hamed Dalir, Ritesh Agarwal, Ludwig Bartels, and Volker J. Sorger. "A semi-empirical integrated microring cavity approach for 2D material optical index identification at 1.55 μm." Nanophotonics 8, no. 3 (February 21, 2019): 435–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/nanoph-2018-0197.

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AbstractAtomically thin 2D materials such as transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) provide a wide range of basic building blocks with unique properties, making them ideal for heterogeneous integration with a mature chip platform for advances in optical communication technology. The control and understanding of the precise value of the optical index of these materials, however, is challenging, as the standard metrology techniques such as the millimeter-large ellipsometry is often not usable due the small lateral 2D material flake dimension. Here, we demonstrate an approach of passive tunable coupling by integrating few layers of MoTe2 onto a microring resonator connected to a waveguide bus. We find the TMD-to-ring circumference coverage length ratio required to precisely place the ring into a critical coupling condition to be about 10% as determined from the variation of spectral resonance visibility and loss as a function of TMD coverage. Using this TMD-ring heterostructure, we further demonstrate a semiempirical method to determine the index of a 2D material (nMoTe2 of 4.36+0.011i) near telecommunication-relevant wavelength. The placement, control, and optical property understanding of 2D materials with integrated photonics pave the way for further studies of active 2D material-based optoelectronics and circuits.

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Yoo, Ji Woo, Seong Hoon Seo, Jong Ho Park, and Ji Un Lee. "Material Property Identification of Damper Constrained by Thin Foil and Its Application to an Automotive Vehicle." International Journal of Automotive Technology 22, no. 4 (July 24, 2021): 863–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12239-021-0078-3.

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Chen, Fang Fiona, Jun Li Yang, and Geoff Downes. "A Visual Information Assessment Tool for Resin Canal Identification and Property Measurement." IAWA Journal 29, no. 4 (2008): 397–408. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22941932-90000194.

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Resin canal studies rely on the accurate measurement of various resin canal properties. The conventional approach of manually marking resin canals on a wood sample is not only labour intensive but, more importantly, unable to quantify the visual information of resin canals, such as the size and contrast of a resin canal. This paper describes a semiautomatic visual information processing approach that was developed to identify resin canals and growth rings from colour-scanned images of the transverse surface of polished wood samples, and to quantify the characteristics of resin canals by ring-based statistical measures in terms of the area of a resin canal occupied, colour contrast of a resin canal to its surrounding material and resin canals occurrence frequency within a growth ring. The proposed approach endeavours to automate the analysis as far as practicable. Interactive facilities are provided for correcting decisions made by the automated analysis, wherever necessary. The method of resin canal detection, based on image processing techniques, provides an effective solution to many problems that require feature identification and assessment. The proposed approach was used to assess variation in axial resin canals in radiata pine across different sites.

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Altabey, Wael A., Mohammad Noori, Zele Li, Ying Zhao, Seyed Bahram Beheshti Aval, Ehsan Noroozinejad Farsangi, Ramin Ghiasi, and Ahmed Silik. "A Novel MRE Adaptive Seismic Isolator Using Curvelet Transform Identification." Applied Sciences 11, no. 23 (December 2, 2021): 11409. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app112311409.

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Magnetorheological elastomeric (MRE) material is a novel type of material that can adaptively change the rheological property rapidly, continuously, and reversibly when subjected to real-time external magnetic field. These new type of MRE materials can be developed by employing various schemes, for instance by mixing carbon nanotubes or acetone contents during the curing process which produces functionalized multiwall carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs). In order to study the mechanical and magnetic effects of this material, for potential application in seismic isolation, in this paper, different mathematical models of magnetorheological elastomers are analyzed and modified based on the reported studies on traditional magnetorheological elastomer. In this regard, a new feature identification method, via utilizing curvelet analysis, is proposed to make a multi-scale constituent analysis and subsequently a comparison between magnetorheological elastomer nanocomposite and traditional magnetorheological elastomers in a microscopic level. Furthermore, by using this “smart” material as the laminated core structure of an adaptive base isolation system, magnetic circuit analysis is numerically conducted for both complete and incomplete designs. Magnetic distribution of different laminated magnetorheological layers is discussed when the isolator is under compressive preloading and lateral shear loading. For a proof of concept study, a scaled building structure is established with the proposed isolation device. The dynamic performance of this isolated structure is analyzed by using a newly developed reaching law sliding mode control and Radial Basis Function (RBF) adaptive sliding mode control schemes. Transmissibility of the structural system is evaluated to assess its adaptability, controllability and nonlinearity. As the findings in this study show, it is promising that the structure can achieve its optimal and adaptive performance by designing an isolator with this adaptive material whose magnetic and mechanical properties are functionally enhanced as compared with traditional isolation devices. The adaptive control algorithm presented in this research can transiently suppress and protect the structure against non-stationary disturbances in the real time.

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Yudianto, Ahmad, Yeti Eka Sispitasri, and Nola Margaret. "ANALYSIS OF EARPHONE SWAB MITOCHONDRIAL DNA AS AN ALTERNATIVE MATERIAL FOR IDENTIFICATION EXAMINATION." Folia Medica Indonesiana 52, no. 3 (August 14, 2017): 169. http://dx.doi.org/10.20473/fmi.v52i3.5446.

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Identification include fingerprint, property, medical, dental, serologic and exclusion methods. In the development, identification methods led to molecular forensics, a new field of science evolving since the 1980s, known as DNA fingerprinting. Specimens widely used in DNA assay for identification are blood spots/bloods, semen spots, vaginal swabs, buccal swabs and bones. In addition to these specimens, the last objects often used by the perpetrators/victims can be used, such as hearing aids (headsets/earphones). In its use, earphones are attached to the outer ear skin; thus, the earwax is suspected to adhere to the device. To date, in Indonesia personal identification is performed through swabs of earphones/headsets using the DNA profiling method. In particular, mitochondrial DNA has not been widely used for identification. The present study was of laboratory experimental. Earphones which have been used for 3 days were placed in room temperature for 1, 7, 14 and 20 days. Results showed that the environmental factor of exposure duration had an effect of a significant decrease in the levels of DNA from day 1 to day 20. Only 126-bp mtDNA (HVS II) was detected on the samples of day 1 and continued with sequencing. Mitochondrial DNA has better durability and relatively higher number of copies than those of nuclear DNA. This leads to greater possibility of success in amplification, given the higher number of mitochondrial DNA copies and the fact that mitochondrial DNA is a single locus that allows recombination.

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Lin, Ren-Jeng, and Fu-Ping Cheng. "Multiple crack identification of a free–free beam with uniform material property variation and varied noised frequency." Engineering Structures 30, no. 4 (April 2008): 909–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2007.03.017.

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Elisabedashvili, David. "Unenforceable Target Movable Property Under Enforcement." Journal of Legal Studies 28, no. 42 (December 1, 2021): 103–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/jles-2021-0014.

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Abstract Nowadays, enforcement is one of the crucial elements of justice. Right to the property is guaranteed by the constitution and therefore exercising property rights is one of the key goals of justice, the latter is implemented through effective and efficient enforcement. The present study is mainly dedicated to the specifics of enforcing property rights. Methods used in the research involve qualitative study, the latter encompasses observation of rules and regulations in national and international practices based on primary and secondary legal and historical sources, including official legal documents, court decisions as first-hand material, as well as derived sources such as various articles, monographs, comments on laws and regulations, etc. The comparative method used in the study is aimed at demonstrating differences and similarities of enforcement rules and procedures in different legal systems, revealing their advantages and disadvantages, while practical examples focus on the identification of gaps to lay the path for better legal solutions. The complex scrutiny of the subject to the present research allows to review it from different angles and suggest legal recommendations to raise the efficiency of the enforcement system and subsequently provide a firm basis for justice.

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Feng, Tao, Jing Wang, Nan Li, and Wei Min Xiao. "Hybrid Calculation Method of the Sound Transmission Loss of the Engine Air Cleaner." Applied Mechanics and Materials 44-47 (December 2010): 1603–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.44-47.1603.

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A kind of hybrid method to calculate the sound transmission loss (STL) of the air cleaner is researched here and the acoustical effect of the filter material is emphasized. The two-port model is decided to describe the sound transmission property of the filter material and the experimental identification method to obtain the elements of the transfer matrix is researched as well. This calculation method is applied to calculate the STL of a kind of engine air cleaner in two conditions with and without the acoustical effect of the filter material. The filter material shows the effect of sound absorption and acoustical damping and raises the level of the STL.

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Tian, Yu, Hui Qian, Zhifu Cao, Dahai Zhang, and Dong Jiang. "Identification of Pre-Tightening Torque Dependent Parameters for Empirical Modeling of Bolted Joints." Applied Sciences 11, no. 19 (September 30, 2021): 9134. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11199134.

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The vibration characteristics of bolted structures are crucially affected by the pre-tightening torque. An approach for identifying the pre-tightening torque dependent stiffness parameters of bolted joints is proposed in this paper. Firstly, the interface of the bolted joint is characterized by the thin layer element with the isotropic material property, and the parameter value of the property is assigned relative to the distance from the center of the bolt; the influence of the bolt is ignored. Secondly, the model updating method is adopted to identify the parameters of thin layer elements using experimental data, and modal data under different values of pre-tightening torque in the range of 2 N·m~22 N·m are obtained; the torque wrench is used to determine the pre-tightening torque in the modal test. Finally, after identifying the material parameters using partial experimental data on pre-tightening torque range, the empirical equation of the interface parameters with the pre-tightening torque parameter is obtained by curve fitting and the rest of the experimental data are used to verify the accuracy of the fitted empirical equations. It is concluded that this method can obtain all the parameters of the equivalent thin layer elements within a certain range of pre-tightening torque, which can provide a reference for the empirical modeling of bolted structures, improve modeling efficiency and reflect the characteristic performance of real structural dynamics.

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Deuschle, Julia, Susan Enders, and Eduard Arzt. "Surface detection in nanoindentation of soft polymers." Journal of Materials Research 22, no. 11 (November 2007): 3107–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/jmr.2007.0394.

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In this work, we performed nanoindentation studies on polymers with different moduli in the range of several millipascals up to several gigapascals. The focus was on the initial contact identification during indentation testing. Surface-detection methods using quasi-static loading as well as methods employing the dynamic forces associated with the continuous stiffness measurement technique were compared regarding their practicability and accuracy for the testing of polymeric materials. For the most compliant material with a modulus of 1 MPa, where contact identification is most critical, we used load-displacement curves obtained from finite element modeling analysis as a reference for the evaluation of experimental techniques. The results show how crucial the precise surface detection is for achieving accurate indentation results, especially for compliant materials. Further, we found that surface detection by means of dynamic testing provides mechanical-property values of higher accuracy for all polymers used in this study. This was due to smaller errors in surface detection, thus avoiding a significant underestimation of the contact area.

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Haywood-Alexander, Marcus, Nikolaos Dervilis, Keith Worden, Robin S. Mills, Purim Ladpli, and Timothy J. Rogers. "A Bayesian Method for Material Identification of Composite Plates via Dispersion Curves." Sensors 23, no. 1 (December 24, 2022): 185. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s23010185.

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Ultrasonic guided waves offer a convenient and practical approach to structural health monitoring and non-destructive evaluation. A key property of guided waves is the fully defined relationship between central frequency and propagation characteristics (phase velocity, group velocity and wavenumber)—which is described using dispersion curves. For many guided wave-based strategies, accurate dispersion curve information is invaluable, such as group velocity for localisation. From experimental observations of dispersion curves, a system identification procedure can be used to determine the governing material properties. As well as returning an estimated value, it is useful to determine the distribution of these properties based on measured data. A method of simulating samples from these distributions is to use the iterative Markov-Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) procedure, which allows for freedom in the shape of the posterior. In this work, a scanning-laser Doppler vibrometer is used to record the propagation of Lamb waves in a unidirectional-glass-fibre composite plate, and dispersion curve data for various propagation angles are extracted. Using these measured dispersion curve data, the MCMC sampling procedure is performed to provide a Bayesian approach to determining the dispersion curve information for an arbitrary plate. The distribution of the material properties at each angle is discussed, including the inferred confidence in the predicted parameters. The percentage errors of the estimated values for the parameters were 10-15 points larger when using the most likely estimates, as opposed to calculating from the posterior distributions, highlighting the advantages of using a probabilistic approach.

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Bukhkalo, Svetlana. "COMPLEX SYSTEMS OF TEACHING THE DISCIPLINE FUNDAMENTALS OF CHEMICAL INDUSTRY EQUIPMENT DESIGN AS A COLLABORATION OF EFCE and CFE-UA ASSOCIATIONS." Bulletin of the National Technical University "KhPI". Series: Innovation researches in students’ scientific work, no. 2 (February 27, 2023): 13–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.20998/2220-4784.2022.02.03.

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The materials of the article consider the possibilities for determining the educational goals of university students in order to further develop the components of complex projects. When writing the article, the experience of teaching the discipline "Fundamentals of chemical production equipment design" at the National Technical University "Kharkiv Polytechnic Institute" at the Department of Integrated Technologies, Processes and Devices in 2022 was used. Complex systems for determining the components of the discipline determined the competence and quality of the material, and the question that viewed through the prism of one's own creative perception, which makes the material especially valuable. Developments are carried out using modern, highly effective scientifically based processes and devices of chemical and food industries, for example, from types of classification-identification analysis, general concepts and design requirements of types of equipment of chemical industries to the selection of calculation algorithms at various stages of design, manufacture and operation. Examples and some features of possible training solutions are presented, which are based on experimental data of the development of process identification-classification mechanisms and their scientific justification in the form of intellectual property objects.

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Bukhkalo, Svetlana. "COMPLEX INNOVATIVE SYSTEMS OF TEACHING MODERN FOOD TECHNOLOGIES – PROGRAMMING MODELS." Bulletin of the National Technical University "KhPI". Series: Innovation researches in students’ scientific work, no. 2 (February 27, 2023): 65–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.20998/2220-4784.2022.02.09.

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The materials of the article consider the possibilities for determining the educational goals of university students in order to further develop the discipline for the development of complex projects. When writing the article, the experience of teaching the disciplines "General technologies of food production" and "Food chemistry" at the National Technical University "Kharkiv Polytechnic Institute" at the Department of Integrated Technologies, Processes and Devices in 2002–2022 was used. Complex systems for determining the components of the discipline determined competence and quality material, and the issues under consideration are overlooked through the prism of one's own creative perception, which makes the material especially valuable. Developments are carried out using modern highly effective science-based processes and devices of food production, for example, from types of classification-identification analysis, general concepts and requirements for types of modern food technologies to the selection of calculation algorithms at various stages of production and application. Examples and some features of possible training solutions are presented, which are based on experimental data of the development of identification-classification mechanisms of modern food technologies, processes and devices, their scientific justification in the form of intellectual property objects.

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Scarpa, Federico, and Luca A. Tagliafico. "Thermophysical Property Estimation by Transient Experiments: The Effect of a Biased Initial Temperature Distribution." Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2015 (2015): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/494051.

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The identification of thermophysical properties of materials in dynamic experiments can be conveniently performed by the inverse solution of the associated heat conduction problem (IHCP). The inverse technique demands the knowledge of the initial temperature distribution within the material. As only a limited number of temperature sensors (or no sensor at all) are arranged inside the test specimen, the knowledge of the initial temperature distribution is affected by some uncertainty. This uncertainty, together with other possible sources of bias in the experimental procedure, will propagate in the estimation process and the accuracy of the reconstructed thermophysical property values could deteriorate. In this work the effect on the estimated thermophysical properties due to errors in the initial temperature distribution is investigated along with a practical method to quantify this effect. Furthermore, a technique for compensating this kind of bias is proposed. The method consists in including the initial temperature distribution among the unknown functions to be estimated. In this way the effect of the initial bias is removed and the accuracy of the identified thermophysical property values is highly improved.

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Krishnappa, G. B., K. N. Arunkumar, and Mohammed Salman Pasha. "A Study on Hardness and Wear behaviour of Untreated and Cryogenically Treated Al-SiC and Al-Gr Metal Matrix Composite." MATEC Web of Conferences 144 (2018): 02020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201814402020.

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The present study aims at evaluating the hardness and wear behaviour of untreated and cryogenically treated aluminium-silicon carbide and aluminium graphite metal matrix composite. In this composite Al6061 is used as matrix material with varying Silicon carbide quantity from 2.5wt% to 10wt% and also varying the quantity of graphite from 1wt% to 4wt%. The composites used for this study were fabricated using stir casting technique. Electron dispersive X-ray spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction tests were carried out to know the composition and phase identification of the composite sample. Microstructure analysis was carried out to study the structure of the composites with and without cryogenic treatment. Hardness behaviour of a metal plays a vital role in understanding the resistance offered by a particular metal to the various shape changing forces and the ability of the metal to resist deformation. Similarly, wear is erosion of material from its original position on a solid surface performed by the action of any other material surface. It is very important to know the wear property of any given material in order to gain an understanding of the wear process, to determine the effects of variables, to characterize materials, and to select materials for specific applications.

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Sutton, M. A., J. H. Yan, S. Avril, F. Pierron, and S. M. Adeeb. "Identification of Heterogeneous Constitutive Parameters in a Welded Specimen: Uniform Stress and Virtual Fields Methods for Material Property Estimation." Experimental Mechanics 48, no. 4 (June 6, 2008): 451–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11340-008-9132-6.

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Guidio, Bruno, and Chanseok Jeong. "On the feasibility of simultaneous identification of a material property of a Timoshenko beam and a moving vibration source." Engineering Structures 227 (January 2021): 111346. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2020.111346.

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Macdonald, Roderick A. "Fruit Salad." Revue générale de droit 38, no. 2 (October 20, 2014): 405–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1027042ar.

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In orthodox theory, the law of property is held to be fundamentally about the identification and protection of rights in things (corporeal property), assumed to be finite in space and infinite in time. But modern economies undermine the explanatory power of this orthodoxy four ways. First, the space of property can no longer be easily fixed once and for all. This is especially the case for incorporeals but is also true of corporeals. Second, the time of property is now understood differently. The past distinction between fruits and products has been questioned with the recognition that fruits, like products, can also diminish capital value. Third, the close association of fruits and revenues is becoming untenable. Many types of revenue actually represent the price of a partial alienation and can, consequently, be considered proceeds. Finally, developments both material (like genetic engineering) and intellectual (like moral rights) challenge the idea of property as a thing to use. While the theory of property in Book IV of the C.C.Q. continues to reflect traditional spatio-temporal assumptions, the law of secured transactions in Book VI rests on an alternative vision of property as value. This essay deploys a detailed analysis of the idea of fruits to illustrate how today the Civil Code balances distinctions between fruits, products and accessions (property as thing) on the one hand and between revenues, capital and proceeds (property as value) on the other.

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Zhang, Wei Wei, and Hong Xu. "Parameter Identification of a Stress Relaxation Model Based on Differential Evolution Algorithm." Advanced Materials Research 842 (November 2013): 482–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.842.482.

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In order to determine the parameters of a stress relaxation model based on Altenbach-Gorash-Naumenko creep equations, an efficient parameter identification scheme is discussed. The differential evolution (DE) algorithm is used in the identification procedure with a modified forward-Euler scheme. The model parameters of 1Cr-0.5Mo-0.25V stainless steel bolting material at 500°C have been determined, and the creep and stress relaxation behaviors have been calculated. Comparing with a step-by-step model parameter determination technology and the genetic algorithm (GA), it shows that the DE algorithm has better convergence property and suitability for parallelization, and no need of initial guesses close to the solution. Results indicate that the optimum solutions can be obtained more easily by DE algorithm than others.

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Suni, Muhammad Adam, Cesar Andi Mappatoba, and Muhammad Darmawan Basoka. "Identification of Landslide Susceptibility Level in Buffer Village Lore Lindu National Park Using Scoring Method." International Journal of Multidisciplinary Approach Research and Science 1, no. 02 (May 31, 2023): 221–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.59653/ijmars.v1i02.96.

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A landslide is a form of natural phenomenon that often occurs in mountainous and hilly regions with steep up to very steep slopes. Landslides are one of the most dangerous natural hazards and occur frequently in many hilly or mountainous areas, often occurring without warning and causing loss of life and property, marked with movement material of slope-forming materials in the form of rocks, soil, or materials down the slope. This study aimed to identify the distribution of landslide-prone areas in 86 buffer villages in Lore Lindu National Park, Central Sulawesi Province using geographic information system (GIS) based spatial analysis with scoring and overlay. The research parameters consisted of land cover/use, rainfall, elevation, slope, soil type, lithology, and distance from the fault. Identification of vulnerability factors for susceptibility level was determined according to 7 parameters used in the analysis. The results showed that the level of landslide susceptibility in the study area was divided into 3 classes, namely low (85.679,74 ha), moderate (363.184,89 ha), and high (26.888,46 ha). Villages that have a high level of vulnerability are Lempelero, Runde, Sedoa, Tuare, and Tongoa.

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Zhang, Jun, and Zi Jian Qin. "The Study on Piezoelectric Impedance Technique Used in Loading Damage Identification." Advanced Materials Research 139-141 (October 2010): 2612–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.139-141.2612.

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The superiority and feasibility of piezoelectric impedance method used in damage detecting was expounded, and the research status of the technical was summarized. Then, the rationale of the basic theory of the technique used in damage identification and health monitoring was analyzed here. The experiment of the damage change of loaded beam was researched. The experiment of the beam which was loaded by a material property, the value of the beam was got by an impedance analyzer, while the beam with different pull force. The research indicates that while the testing frequency range should elect as 300k-800k, with the increasing of loading force, the value of real part impedance is descending, the damage index of beam is increasing. PZT can sensitively catch the influence brought by stress varying

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Muench, Stefan, Mike Roellig, and Daniel Balzani. "A new method for the in vivo identification of degenerated material property ranges of the human eye: feasibility analysis based on synthetic data." Biomechanics and Modeling in Mechanobiology 21, no. 2 (December 20, 2021): 401–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10237-021-01541-6.

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AbstractThis paper proposes a new method for in vivo and almost real-time identification of biomechanical properties of the human cornea based on non-contact tonometer data. Further goal is to demonstrate the method’s functionality based on synthetic data serving as reference. For this purpose, a finite element model of the human eye is constructed to synthetically generate full-field displacements from different data sets with keratoconus-like degradations. Then, a new approach based on the equilibrium gap method combined with a mechanical morphing approach is proposed and used to identify the material parameters from virtual test data sets. In a further step, random absolute noise is added to the virtual test data to investigate the sensitivity of the new approach to noise. As a result, the proposed method shows a relevant accuracy in identifying material parameters based on full-field displacements. At the same time, the method turns out to work almost in real time (order of a few minutes on a regular workstation) and is thus much faster than inverse problems solved by typical forward approaches. On the other hand, the method shows a noticeable sensitivity to rather small noise amplitudes rendering the method not accurate enough for the precise identification of individual parameter values. However, analysis show that the accuracy is sufficient for the identification of property ranges which might be related to diseased tissues. Thereby, the proposed approach turns out promising with view to diagnostic purposes.

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Algueró, M., H. Amorín, C. M. Fernández-Posada, O. Peña, P. Ramos, E. Vila, and A. Castro. "Perovskite solid solutions with multiferroic morphotropic phase boundaries and property enhancement." Journal of Advanced Dielectrics 06, no. 02 (June 2016): 1630004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s2010135x16300048.

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Recently, large phase-change magnetoelectric response has been anticipated by a first-principles investigation of phases in the BiFeO3–BiCoO3 perovskite binary system, associated with the existence of a discontinuous morphotropic phase boundary (MPB) between multiferroic polymorphs of rhombohedral and tetragonal symmetries. This might be a general property of multiferroic phase instabilities, and a novel promising approach for room temperature magnetoelectricity. We review here our current investigations on the identification and study of additional material systems, alternative to BiFeO3–BiCoO3 that has only been obtained by high pressure synthesis. Three systems, whose phase diagrams were, in principle, liable to show multiferroic MPBs have been addressed: the BiMnO3–PbTiO3 and BiFeO3–PbTiO3 binary systems, and the BiFeO3–BiMnO3–PbTiO3 ternary one. A comprehensive study of multiferroism across different solid solutions was carried out based on electrical and magnetic characterizations, complemented with mechanical and electromechanical measurements. An in-depth structural analysis was also accomplished when necessary.

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Xu, Jing, and Wu Yao. "An Experimental Study of the Nano-Scratch Behavior of Cement Composite Material." Key Engineering Materials 492 (September 2011): 47–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.492.47.

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This paper presents a preliminary exploration in tribological property and dynamic elastic/plastic behavior of cement composite material at micro- and nano- scale. Pastes were prepared by pure cement clinker with water-to-cement ratio of 0.3 and 0.4. For comparison, a polymer-based clinker composite was also introduced. Nano-scratch test was carried out to study the scratch process. Different constituents were identified by penetration depth value. Based on this identification, the coefficient of friction and elastic deformation status were analyzed. Substrate effect was found when refers to the coefficient of friction of hard clinker particles embedded in soft matrix. An H/E ratio dependent elastic/plastic behavior was also revealed for cement composite. The results confirm the nano-scratch test as a promising method for cement composite investigation; however, some important attributes of this type of material, including the complexity of multi-phase structure and the viscous effect, need to be taken into account in experimental analysis and practical application.

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Xu, Jian, Xueliang Zhang, Cheng Sun, Huan He, Yuxuan Dai, Shaogui Yang, Yusuo Lin, Xinhua Zhan, Qun Li, and Yan Zhou. "Catalytic Degradation of Diatrizoate by Persulfate Activation with Peanut Shell Biochar-Supported Nano Zero-Valent Iron in Aqueous Solution." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 15, no. 9 (September 6, 2018): 1937. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph15091937.

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An emerging pollutant, diatrizoate (DTZ) has been frequently detected in aqueous solution. Unique reticular peanut shell biochar (BC)-supported nano zero-valent iron (nZVI) composite (nZVI/BC) was successfully synthesized and used as a catalyst for activating persulfate (PS) to promote the removal of DTZ. The structure and morphology of the nanocomposite materials were characterized by scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, Brunauer-Emmett-Teller measurements, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The degradation of DTZ (20 mg L−1) was achieved by activating PS with the nanocomposite material. The removal of DTZ reached nearly 100% using 25 mM PS and 0.45 g L−1 nZVI/2BC (mass ratio of nZVI and BC at 1:2) nanocomposite material at pH 3.0 and 25 °C. Influencing factors, such as dosages of nZVI/2BC and PS, temperature, and pH were also investigated. The mechanisms of PS activation with nZVI/2BC were discussed, including BC property, electron transfer, and the identification of free radicals in the reaction. The findings demonstrated that nZVI/BC-PS (peanut shell BC-supported nZVI activating PS) is a promising material for the treatment of refractory organic pollutants.

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Kralikova, Ivana, Branko Babusiak, and Maros Smondrk. "EEG-Based Person Identification during Escalating Cognitive Load." Sensors 22, no. 19 (September 21, 2022): 7154. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s22197154.

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With the development of human society, there is an increasing importance for reliable person identification and authentication to protect a person’s material and intellectual property. Person identification based on brain signals has captured substantial attention in recent years. These signals are characterized by original patterns for a specific person and are capable of providing security and privacy of an individual in biometric identification. This study presents a biometric identification method based on a novel paradigm with accrual cognitive brain load from relaxing with eyes closed to the end of a serious game, which includes three levels with increasing difficulty. The used database contains EEG data from 21 different subjects. Specific patterns of EEG signals are recognized in the time domain and classified using a 1D Convolutional Neural Network proposed in the MATLAB environment. The ability of person identification based on individual tasks corresponding to a given degree of load and their fusion are examined by 5-fold cross-validation. Final accuracies of more than 99% and 98% were achieved for individual tasks and task fusion, respectively. The reduction of EEG channels is also investigated. The results imply that this approach is suitable to real applications.

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Snow, Heidi J. "William Wordsworth’s Definition of Poverty." Articles, no. 56 (March 8, 2011): 0. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1001098ar.

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A close examination of Dorothy Wordsworth and William Wordsworth’s writing indicates that they considered themselves as living in poverty for some years before their case was settled with Lord Lowther. Both their material circumstances and contemporary definitions of poverty led them to identify themselves as “poor.” This article examines that self-identification and its evidence in their writings. Finally, William Wordsworth’s poem, “Last of the Flock,” indicates that he rejected a narrow parish view of poverty for a wider view that included the right to own some property.

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Tarfaoui, Mostapha, and Papa Birame Gning. "Experimental Investigation and Finite Element Analysis of Dynamic Behavior and Damage of Glass/Epoxy Tubular Structures." Key Engineering Materials 471-472 (February 2011): 951–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.471-472.951.

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This paper presents finite element analysis (FEA) of static and dynamic tests of thick filament wound glass/epoxy tubes. The first part involves the validation of elastic properties and identification of damage initiation and its development in dynamic tests. The results of FEA of the dynamic tests without damage appeared satisfactory. An impact model, including material property degradation, is used for damage prediction. The simulated damage is compared with that obtained experimentally. The sizes of projected and cumulated surfaces are of the same order of magnitude as in the experimental measurements.

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Real, Eusebio, José Icardo, Gaspar Fernández-Barreras, José Revuelta, Marta Calvo Díez, Alejandro Pontón, José Gutiérrez, José López Higuera, and Olga Conde. "Identification of Human Pathological Mitral Chordae Tendineae Using Polarization-sensitive Optical Coherence Tomography." Sensors 19, no. 3 (January 28, 2019): 543. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s19030543.

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Defects of the mitral valve complex imply heart malfunction. The chordae tendineae (CTs) are tendinous strands connecting the mitral and tricuspid valve leaflets to the papillary muscles. These CTs are composed of organized, wavy collagen bundles, making them a strongly birefringent material. Disorder of the collagen structure due to different diseases (rheumatic, degenerative) implies the loss or reduction of tissue birefringence able to be characterized with Polarization Sensitive Optical Coherence Tomography (PS-OCT). PS-OCT is used to discriminate healthy from diseased chords, as the latter must be excised and replaced in clinical conventional interventions. PS-OCT allows to quantify birefringence reduction in human CTs affected by degenerative and rheumatic pathologies. This tissue optical property is proposed as a diagnostic marker for the identification of degradation of tendinous chords to guide intraoperative mitral valve surgery.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Material Property Identification'

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