Journal articles: 'Material and Waste Management'

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Gokulnath.V, Gokulnath V., and Janani K. Janani.K. "Material Waste Management in Construction Sites." Indian Journal of Applied Research 3, no. 11 (October 1, 2011): 192–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.15373/2249555x/nov2013/63.

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Ting, Sim Nee, Awgku Mohd Firdaus Nee Bin Awg Sakawi, Hieng Ho Lau, and Andrew Whyte. "Minimisation of Construction Waste Using the Principles of Waste Management." ASM Science Journal 17 (December 22, 2022): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.32802/asmscj.2022.1352.

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Construction waste especially material waste is one major concern for the construction projects and has important implications in terms of socioeconomic and environmental aspects for the country. Construction industry being largest consumer of raw materials derived from natural resources also produces high amount of material waste that negatively impacts the environment. The building industry alone in Malaysia has reportedly generated approximately 25,600 tonnes of construction and demolition wastes daily due to rapid development. Therefore, any means of reducing material waste will not only result in significant cost savings within the projects but also reducing the pressure on the landfills and ease environmental concerns dealing with such waste conversion and recycling; and reduction. This study examines the causes and prevention of material waste in the construction specifically the building industry through the principles of waste management available. Questionnaires survey is the main tool deployed for data collection. The average and relative index were used to analyse the various aspects of the data collected. Stages of works used for the study include the material handling and storage stage; procurement of material stage; usage and operation of the material stage; and the design and documentation stage. The results indicate that respondents are aware of the concept of waste management but lack of awareness on the availability of such guidelines. It is hopeful that this study can improve on waste management implementation in order to uptake the principle of reduce, recycle and reuse material waste so as to reduce construction costs, provide good savings to the end users and improve the level of productivity of the nation.

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Oleńska, Sylwia, and Justyna Biernacka. "Management of post-production wood waste in the aspect of circular economy." Annals of WULS, Forestry and Wood Technology 115 (September 26, 2021): 95–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0015.6623.

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Management of post-production wood waste in the aspect of circular economy. Sustainable resource management involves turning waste into resources. The estimation of various waste streams and their potential use as secondary raw materials underlies the circular economy. The management of wood waste in terms of the Circular Economy should assume material use of this waste before energy use. One of the possibilities of material management of this waste is the use of biological treatment through composting. Input materials for the composting process should have technological and physical-chemical characteristics, respectively. The aim of this study was to characterize the wood raw material (wood waste as a by-product) and qualify it for the composting process on the basis of its composition. Based on the literature research, it was found that there is possibility of using these wastes for management through biological disposal. The obtained composts from wood waste can be used as a raw material to supply the soil with humic substances and mineral compounds.

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Komorowicz, Magdalena, Dominika Janiszewska, Hanna Wróblewska, and Kinga Stuper-Szablewska. "Management of post-production wood waste in the aspect of circular economy." Annals of WULS, Forestry and Wood Technology 115 (September 26, 2021): 72–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0015.5967.

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Management of post-production wood waste in the aspect of circular economy. Sustainable resource management involves turning waste into resources. The estimation of various waste streams and their potential use as secondary raw materials underlies the circular economy. The management of wood waste in terms of the Circular Economy should assume material use of this waste before energy use. One of the possibilities of material management of this waste is the use of biological treatment through composting. Input materials for the composting process should have technological and physical-chemical characteristics, respectively. The aim of this study was to characterize the wood raw material (wood waste as a by-product) and qualify it for the composting process on the basis of its composition. Based on the literature research, it was found that there is possibility of using these wastes for management through biological disposal. The obtained composts from wood waste can be used as a raw material to supply the soil with humic substances and mineral compounds.

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Khare, Pratima. "Waste Management- It’s not waste until you waste it!!!" Journal of Non-Timber Forest Products 21, no. 1 (March 1, 2014): 5–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.54207/bsmps2000-2014-o7yop7.

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Waste management is a new concept for most of the Asian countries including India. The lack of financial and technical resources and regulatory control for the management of hazardous waste in the past has led to the unscientific disposal of hazardous waste in India. Now a days urbanization not only concentrates waste but also raises generation rates. New and expensive technologies are being pushed to deal with our urban waste problem ignoring their environmental and social implications. Hazardous waste can be classified into solid, liquid, gases and sludge waste. There are various methods of disposal of waste management. Disposing the waste in a landfill involves burying the waste. In incineration the solid organic wastes are subjected to combustion so as to convert them into residue and gaseous products. In recycling, the collection and reuse of waste materials are done such as empty beverage containers. Biological reprocessing in which waste materials that are organic in nature such as plant material, food scraps can be recycled using biological compositing and digestion process to decompose the organic matter. Energy recovery as well as avoidance and reduction methods are also the other ways of disposal.

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Koenig, A., and W. C. Yiu. "Waste management in Hong Kong abattoirs." Water Science and Technology 40, no. 1 (July 1, 1999): 379–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1999.0070.

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This paper reports the results of an extensive investigation on the waste management in Hong Kong abattoirs with the following objectives: (i) to identify the existing waste management practices in relation to sources and quantity of wastes generated, methods of storage and handling of wastes, any in-house treatment, and final disposal of wastes, (ii) to identify the problems of existing waste management practices, and (iii) to evaluate the future development. To obtain up-to-date data and reliable information, site visits were conducted and the management of the abattoirs were interviewed in detail about the operation and waste management practices. For each abattoir and one associated by-product plant, detailed material balances were established for liquid and solid wastes. Complete quantitative results on waste loads, water consumption and material/waste flows are presented. Operational problems regarding wastewater treatment, as well as waste reduction and potential for reuse or recycle of solid wastes are discussed in the context of Hong Kong. Finally, information on the proposed new slaughterhouse (design capacity 5000 pigs and 400 cattle daily) is provided which will include a novel underground wastewater treatment plant.

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Shikoska, Biljana, Cena Dimova, Gjorgji Schumanov, and Vlado Vankovski. "Biomedical Waste Management." Macedonian Medical Review 70, no. 1 (January 1, 2016): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/mmr-2016-0001.

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Abstract Medical waste is all waste material generated in health care facilities, such as hospitals, clinics, physician’s offices, dental practices, blood banks, and veterinary hospitals/ clinics, as well as medical research facilities and laboratories. Poor management of health care waste potentially exposes health care workers, waste handlers, patients and the community at large to infection, toxic effects and injuries, and risks polluting the environment. It is essential that all medical waste materials have to be segregated at the point of generation, appropriately treated and disposed of safety.

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Tafesse, Shitaw. "Material waste minimization techniques in building construction projects." Ethiopian Journal of Science and Technology 14, no. 1 (January 30, 2021): 1–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/ejst.v14i1.1.

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In Ethiopia, the rapid expansion of the construction sector has resulted in the wastage of construction materials that negatively affect the environment, society, and the economy. The reason is inefficient waste management strategies practiced in construction projects. Hence, an adequate material waste management strategy is required. This study was an attempt to identify the key techniques that can help to minimize material wastage in building construction projects. Questionnaire surveys, interviews, and reviews of previous studies and related literature were employed in gathering the relevant data. Seventy of 85 questionnaires administered and distributed to contractors, consultants, and clients were returned. These data were analyzed using the relative importance index method. The results indicated that employing waste management officers for this purpose, using prefabricated or off-site production of components, appropriate on-site waste management, and incorporating a policy of material waste minimization plan were identified as key measures to minimize construction material wastes.

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Hunter, Regina L. "Some Materials Concerns in Nuclear Waste Management." MRS Bulletin 17, no. 3 (March 1992): 43–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/s0883769400040847.

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The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has determined that deep geologic disposal is appropriate for three types of radioactive waste generated in the United States: spent fuel, high-level waste, and transuranic waste. Spent fuel is nuclear fuel that has been discharged from a reactor after irradiation. High-level waste (HLW) is the highly radioactive material that remains after the reprocessing of spent fuel to recover uranium or plutonium. Transuranic (TRU) waste is any waste material contaminated with more than 100 nCi/g of elements having atomic numbers greater than 92 and half-lives longer than 20 years. Spent fuel and HLW can result from either commercial or governmental activities, although no commercially generated spent fuel has been reprocessed since 1972. TRU waste results primarily from the design and manufacture of nuclear weapons, not from nuclear power plants.The physical characteristics of TRU waste differ substantially from those of spent fuel and HLW. This imposes different requirements on materials associated with containment and isolation, so TRU waste will be discussed separately from spent fuel and HLW Because all three are judged to be particularly dangerous to human beings and the environment, the EPA standard requires a demonstration of adequate 10,000-year performance of geologic repositories for these radioactive wastes. The U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) is responsible for implementing the standard by designing, siting, and building the repositories.This article briefly describes TRU waste, HLW, and spent fuel and the two repositories currently planned by DOE. It con cludes by offering some observations on materials compatibility among waste, container materials, and host rock.

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Kaneko, Hidehiro. "Material Cycles/Waste Management and Ethics." Material Cycles and Waste Management Research 28, no. 4 (July 31, 2017): 249–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.3985/mcwmr.28.249.

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Kubule, Anna, Kaspars Klavenieks, Rudite Vesere, and Dagnija Blumberga. "Towards Efficient Waste Management in Latvia: An Empirical Assessment of Waste Composition." Environmental and Climate Technologies 23, no. 2 (November 1, 2019): 114–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/rtuect-2019-0059.

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Abstract Waste management system is a complex system involving numerous waste streams, collection schemes, treatment processes and various actors. Bus as well as many other systems, waste management is recently experiencing new and more sustainable development trends including the promotion of circular economy and increased material recycling. Hence there is a need for the implementation of an improved waste management system that requires a significant and thorough planning stage, the results of which will significantly depend on the availability of detailed information of the possible waste flows and waste composition. The aim of this paper is to experimentally determine and analyse the composition of unsorted municipal waste to provide assessment for incorporating waste composition analysis into further planning and modelling of a next generation waste management system in Latvia. The experimental results indicate that the unsorted municipal waste stream comprises of up to 32.9 % of recyclable materials and 29.2 % of biodegradable wastes. Thus almost 60 % of the waste currently being subjected to unsorted waste management system in Latvia could potentially be source separated ensuring higher quality of the recovered materials and promoting circular value chains. The results indicate a slight difference between waste composition in different waste management regions, thus noting that, in addition to the number of inhabitants and their habits, the local system in each waste management region may influence the composition of the collected wastes.

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.R Mergan, Dr Mujbil. "Waste management in terms of material and management." IOSR Journal of Engineering 4, no. 1 (January 2014): 24–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.9790/3021-04112428.

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Suzuki, Noriyuki. "Chemicals Management and Material Cycles and Waste Management." Material Cycles and Waste Management Research 32, no. 6 (November 30, 2021): 401–2. http://dx.doi.org/10.3985/mcwmr.32.401.

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Krzywoszynska, Anna. "‘Waste? You Mean By-Products!’ from Bio-Waste Management to Agro-Ecology in Italian Winemaking and beyond." Sociological Review 60, no. 2_suppl (December 2012): 47–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1467-954x.12037.

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This paper engages in a critique of Italian and EU agricultural bio-waste policy, taking a relational approach to understanding the role of these materials in socio-material networks of production. Specifically, I consider how the challenges posed by excess materials of agricultural production fit into larger concerns about rural sustainability, both social and environmental. Drawing on a number of case studies from the Italian winemaking industry, I demonstrate the legislative creation of waste from the by-products of winemaking such as grape marc and vine wood. By physically removing bio-wastes from the socio-material context of their production, the current legislation privileges capital and technologically intensive methods for the management of bio-wastes. This process results in environmental contradictions and an unequal distribution of economic and societal benefits from the utilization of these materials. What is needed, I argue, is the incorporation of excess materials into thinking about local agro-ecologies as environmentally, economically and culturally sustainable.

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Noruzman, Ainul Haezah, and Nazirah Mohd Apandi. "Paint Waste Management in Industry." Journal of Advanced Research in Business and Management Studies 20, no. 1 (October 16, 2020): 28–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.37934/arbms.20.1.2833.

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Surface coating, paint and allied products industry is one of the major productions in the world due to the increase of urbanization and rapid development. Paint industry offers a variety of colours and types of paint to serve as needed. However, global production of paint consumption may lead to large volume of waste generated which affects people’s health and creating environmental surroundings such as landfill area, stormwater drainage and natural waterways. Therefore, this paper highlights the application of paint generally in terms of productions, treatment processes and waste management, as well as finding out the necessary steps to be taken to minimise wastes caused by productions. Furthermore, the understanding of these wastes may contribute to reduce the negative environmental impact and provide sustainable development by utilizing and promoting the paint waste as building material.

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Boyle, Carol, and Brian Baetz. "Household hazardous wastes: options for management." Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering 20, no. 4 (August 1, 1993): 543–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/l93-071.

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Household hazardous waste (HHW) disposal contributes significantly to the cost of HHW collection programs. In addition, disposal of HHW can contribute to the toxicity of leachate from landfill, heavy metals in ash from waste incinerators, and heavy metals and toxic organic compounds in composted material and sewage sludge. Other options such as product substitution, waste minimization, reuse, or recycling should be considered to help reduce costs and disposal concerns. An estimate of the volumes and types of HHW accumulated by collection programs, their recycling and reuse options, and treatment and disposal requirements are presented.Recycling, reuse, or disposal of collected wastes depends upon the market for the recycled material, the availability of recycling or disposal facilities, transportation facilities, and the potential to reuse the waste material without treatment. The costs of disposing of HHW are relatively high but can be offset by co-funding from manufacturing associations and local businesses. A disposal fee could also be applied to household hazardous products, thus placing the cost burden on the purchaser.Public education can assist in reducing the volumes of HHW and public pressure is also forcing companies to eliminate hazardous compounds in household products. If effective consumer education continues, the increasing demand for non-hazardous substitutes will significantly reduce the volume of household hazardous products, consequently reducing HHW. Key words: household hazardous waste, waste disposal, waste recycling, waste reuse, waste management.

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Hussain, Saddam, and Shivani Thakur. "Review on Experimental Study Work on Partial Replacement of Cement with Waste Glass in Flexible or CC Pavements." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 10, no. 9 (September 30, 2022): 1317–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2022.46817.

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Abstract: Environmental issues have off late attracted many attentions worldwide. Disposal of wastes has huge environmental impacts as such; waste management and therefore the safe disposal of waste have massive and far-reaching consequences for the environment and are of vital importance. The concrete industry is functioning tirelessly to adopt innovative measures to adopt waste glass and use it as a construction material. Today the development industry is finding cost effective materials for strengthening the concrete. Waste management is becoming a serious issue worldwide. One option for safe environmental and economic disposal of waste is to reuse them in building materials.

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Shrivastava, Harsh, and Vivek Parashar. "E-Waste Causes and Management Using BASEL Convention." International Journal of Electrical and Electronics Research 3, no. 1 (March 30, 2015): 5–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.37391/ijeer.030102.

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"E-waste" is a popular, informal name for electronic products nearing the end of their "useful life. “Electronic waste" may be defined as discarded computers, office electronic equipment, entertainment device electronics, mobile phones, television sets, and refrigerators. "E-wastes are considered dangerous; ascertain components of some electronic products contain materials that are hazardous, depending on their condition and density. This includes used electronics which are destined for reuse, resale, salvage, recycling, or disposal. Others are re-usable (working and repairable electronics) and secondary scrap (copper, steel, plastic, etc.) to be "commodities", and reserve the term "waste" for residue or material which is dumped by the buyer rather than recycled, including residue from reuse and recycling operations. Many of these products can be reused, refurbished, or recycled in an environmentally sound manner so that they are less harmful to the ecosystem. This paper highlights the hazards of e-wastes, the need for its appropriate management and options that can be implemented.

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Prakash, S. P., S. Tamilselvan, M. Abdullah, and R. Ramesh. "Iot Based Solid Waste Management System Using Smart Dustbins." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1125, no. 1 (December 1, 2022): 012007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1125/1/012007.

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Abstract In a developing country like India faces a challenges in waste management, due to an exceptional population growth and expansion. Research related to the waste management shows that the increase in waste materials generated in cities are difficult to handle. The issues related to handle the waste material is due to improper collection and disposal of waste materials, the increase in population toward big cities and nonexistence of intelligent technology leads to the environmental pollution. Management of this waste materials has becoming a challenging task from small villages to big cities. Furthermore, the problems in handling the waste materials also involved due to the lack of labour involved. In this paper, an IoT based Solid waste management system using smart dustbins has been proposed. The developed system helps to solve the issues in managing the solid waste from small to large scale. An electronic based dustbin has been developed to indicate the level of waste in the bin, based on the levels of waste in the bin an alert system is used to indicate and collect the waste material from different places in the city. The system helps to monitor the waste materials in the electric bins and also helps to analysis the amount of waste produced at a particular location. The information related to the level of bins has been wireless transmitted to the central location for emptying the bins. The advantage of the system is to collect waste material on time in order to avoid the overflow of bins and also analysis the amount of waste produced at a particular location. The developed system helps to save the environment from pollution.

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Gómez Palacios, J. M., A. Ruiz de Apodaca, C. Rebollo, and J. Azcárate. "European policy on biodegradable waste: a management perspective." Water Science and Technology 46, no. 10 (November 1, 2002): 311–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2002.0362.

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The main characteristics of the European environmental policy are reviewed. Focusing on EU policy on waste, the paper presents the principles on which EU waste management is founded, particularly the waste hierarchy. In this hierarchy, priority shall be given to prevention of the generation of wastes and of its hazardousness. Secondly, the reuse and the recovery of materials (recycling), which implies the separation of waste at source involving consumers in the scheme of waste management. Priority should be given to material recycling over energy recovery. The less desirable option is the disposal of waste. The paper reviews specific directives on organic waste management, following the scheme of the waste hierarchy, together with the general trends observed in producing common regulations for all types of organic residuals. Afterwards, key issues and measures for the implementation of a feasible strategy for organic residuals management, e.g. quality requirements and quality assurance, are discussed. Finally, there is a view from a manager's perspective on the current EU policy, public acceptance and suitable waste management operations.

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Kawamoto, Katsuya. "Technology, and Material Cycles and Waste Management." Material Cycles and Waste Management Research 28, no. 1 (February 28, 2017): 1–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.3985/mcwmr.28.1.

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Prajapati, Rohit, and Pradeep K. Goyal. "Management of Waste Material in Construction Industry." INROADS- An International Journal of Jaipur National University 5, no. 1s (2016): 42. http://dx.doi.org/10.5958/2277-4912.2016.00008.4.

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Saka, Abdullahi Babatunde, Fatai Oladayo Olaore, and Timothy Oluwatosin Olawumi. "Post-contract material management and waste minimization." Journal of Engineering, Design and Technology 17, no. 4 (August 5, 2019): 793–807. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jedt-10-2018-0193.

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Purpose This paper aims to assess the level of awareness of quantity surveyors in material management and their key roles in waste minimization during the post-contract stage of the project with a view of achieving value for money in their roles. Design/methodology/approach This involves administering a questionnaire survey to registered members of the Nigerian Institute of Quantity Surveyors, the only recognized professional body of quantity surveyors in Nigeria, within Lagos state. The empirical questionnaire survey succeeds a literature review that isolates the key strategies used by quantity surveyors in material management and waste minimization at the post-contract stage. The validity of the questionnaire was carried out by two experienced construction industry researchers and three experienced professional quantity surveyors to ensure that the questionnaire was not ambiguous and that it consists of the right questions in tandem with the research. The respondents were grouped into consultant’s QS and contractor’s QS. Findings Key roles of quantity surveyors during the material management process are proper material storage, and material inventory and accounting are the most important material management and waste minimization practices during the institute stage. It revealed that there is a lack of material waste documentation practices during the construction stage. In addition, there is no statistically significant difference in the responses of the two groups. This may be because there is no clear compartmentalization between the practices of the two groups. In addition, these two groups had the same education training, as there is no difference between the educational training of the consultant’s QS and contractor’s QS. Originality/value This study assessed the quantity surveyors’ roles with regard to material management and waste minimization. It would add to the scanty research work in this area. The study has also successfully revealed the strategies that are to be adopted by the quantity surveyors to achieve value for money during the post-contract stage.

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Ghosh, B. P., and S. R. Das. "Beneficiation of Phosphogypsum—A Waste Material Management." Transactions of the Indian Ceramic Society 55, no. 4 (January 1996): 110–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/0371750x.1996.10804765.

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S. M. Khaled, Zeyad, Basil S. Alshathr, and Ali Hasan Hadi. "Development of Construction Material Waste Management System." Engineering and Technology Journal 33, no. 7A (July 1, 2015): 1715–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.30684/etj.2015.106878.

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Tóthné Kiss, Klára. "Glass wastes as basic material in the waste management of glassworks." Epitoanyag - Journal of Silicate Based and Composite Materials 59, no. 4 (2007): 114–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.14382/epitoanyag-jsbcm.2007.17.

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Che Jamin, Noorhidayah, and Noor Zalina Mahmood. "Scheduled Waste Management in Malaysia: An Overview." Advanced Materials Research 1113 (July 2015): 841–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1113.841.

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Industry has become an essential part of modern society, and waste production is an inevitable outcome of the developmental activities. A material becomes waste when it is discarded with impunity and may pose a potential hazard to the human health or the environment (soil, air, waste) when improperly treated, stored, transported or disposed off or managed. In other words, scheduled waste contributes a major share towards environmental degradation. Scheduled and hazardous waste is the most difficult waste to be managed due to the dangerous elements not only for the environment but also for public health. In Malaysia, in the last two decades, the waste management has been a major concern. Malaysia has developed a comprehensive set of legal provisions related to the management of toxic and hazardous wastes. In this work, an evaluation of the scheduled waste management in Malaysia is made: in term of legislation framework, type of wastes and waste volume production.

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Chavan, Manasi, V. Swapna, Harshal Sune, and Prof Mrs Deepali Yewale. "IOT Based Waste Management System." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 10, no. 8 (August 31, 2022): 1202–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2022.46390.

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Abstract: Urban India generates tones of wastes annually. Our country faces major challenges related with waste management. Conventional garbage collection is not efficient since authorities are not notified until waste bin is full, and this leads to overflow of waste material. Efficient way of waste disposal and collection of disposed garbage is crucial for a sustainable and clean India. This paper presents smart waste management using IoT based waste bin for collection and monitoring level of waste inside bin. system is applied using two ultrasonic sensors which is being controlled by Node MCU. One of ultrasonic sensor detects level of waste in bin and or detects person approaching bin to dispose waste. This detection helps in automatic opening and closing of lid. Servo motor is connected to lid which assists action of closing and opening of lid. In this system, level of waste in bin will be sent to concerned authorities. IoT data is kept and observed using Blynk app. offered system is reliable, cost effective and can be implemented.

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Mohite, Prof Snehal. "A Study on Municipal Solid Waste Management." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 9, no. VI (June 30, 2021): 5049–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2021.36113.

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In India, the worst problem is population. In day-by-day it is increasing along with that construction sites or buildings also increase. This is affected to the free space. For doing the construction people cuts the trees and finishes the forest. People also occupy the place which is reserve for the waste management. So that we are doing the project on Solid waste management. There are various methods to manage the waste. In our project we use the technique called Pyrolysis. In pyrolysis process consist of both simultaneous and successive reactions when carbon rich organic material is heated in a non-reactive atmosphere. Pyrolysis is the thermal degradation of organic materials in the absence of oxygen. The main products obtained from pyrolysis of municipal wastes are a high calorific value gas (synthesis gas or syngas), a biofuel (bio-oil or pyrolysis oil) and a solid residue (char). Pyrolysis can be performed at relatively small-scale which may help in reducing transport costs and handling costs.

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Pagga, Udo. "Material Matters." MRS Bulletin 22, no. 11 (November 1997): 5–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/s0883769400034333.

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In many European countries the controlled biological treatment of organic solid waste is a suitable method in waste management. Technical prerequisites such as collection and separation systems for household waste often exist and sufficient treatment facilities for controlled aerobic composting or even anaerobic digestion are available. Space for landfill is scarce and therefore expensive in many industrial countries and biotreatment is much cheaper than incineration. The advantage of composting compared to other waste treatment techniques is not only the relatively low costs but also the technical reasons. An obvious example is the direct disposal of packaging with alimentary residues and the subsequent biological treatment. Not only green waste from gardens or biowaste from kitchens can be treated, but any compostable material is in principle suitable, for example waste from the food industry or packaging and packaging materials made from paper, cardboard, wood, or biodegradable plastics. Biological treatment has already become a good way of meeting, for example, Germany legislative targets to reduce and recycle garbage.Prerequisites for controlled biological treatment are suitable technical facilities plus standards and directives for waste management. An example is the European packaging directive which harmonizes national measures concerning the management of packaging and packaging waste. The aim is to prevent any impact of the use of packaging on the environment or to reduce such an impact. For applying this directive and any similar regulations, it is important to have clear definitions, standardized test methods, and suitable evaluation criteria to identify biodegradable packaging materials and to differentiate compostable from noncompostable packaging materials which can commonly be used and the results of which are accepted by all parties concerned.

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Wojnowska-Baryła, Irena, Katarzyna Bernat, and Magdalena Zaborowska. "Strategies of Recovery and Organic Recycling Used in Textile Waste Management." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, no. 10 (May 11, 2022): 5859. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19105859.

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Post-consumer bio-based textile wastes are any type of garment or household article made from manufactured bio-based textiles that the owner no longer needs and decides to discard. According to the hierarchy of waste management, post-consumer textile waste should be organically recycled. However, there is still a problem with the implementation of selective collection of textile waste followed by sorting, which would prepare the waste for organic recycling. A technically achievable strategy for sorted textile waste materials consisting of only one type of fiber material, multi-material textiles are a problem for recycling purposes. Waste textiles are composed of different materials, including natural as well as synthetic non-cellulosic fibers, making bioprocessing difficult. Various strategies for recovery of valuable polymers or monomers from textile waste, including concentrated and dilute acid hydrolysis, ionic liquids as well as enzymatic hydrolysis, have been discussed. One possible process for fiber recycling is fiber recovery. Fiber reclamation is extraction of fibers from textile waste and their reuse. To ensure that organic recycling is effective and that the degradation products of textile waste do not limit the quality and quantity of organic recycling products, bio-based textile waste should be biodegradable and compostable. Although waste textiles comprising a synthetic polymers fractions are considered a threat to the environment. However, their biodegradable part has great potential for production of biological products (e.g., ethanol and biogas, enzyme synthesis). A bio-based textile waste management system should promote the development and application of novel recycling techniques, such as further development of biochemical recycling processes and the textile waste should be preceded by recovery of non-biodegradable polymers to avoid contaminating the bioproducts with nano and microplastics.

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Sadala, Swathy, Saikat Dutta, Radhika Raghava, TS Sasi Jyothsna, B. Chakradhar, and Sadhan Kumar Ghosh. "Resource recovery as alternative fuel and raw material from hazardous waste." Waste Management & Research 37, no. 11 (July 3, 2019): 1063–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0734242x19854124.

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The treatment and disposal of industrial waste has become a critical economic and environmental issue with the ever-increasing rates of its generation. Industries in India, as major players in building the economy and GDP, expel about 7.4 million tons of hazardous waste annually, out of which around 3.98 million tons are recyclable for resource or energy recovery. India’s scenario in the usage of alternative fuel and raw material is less than 1%, which reflects a huge quantum of hazardous waste for potential usage in alternative fuel and raw material. The Netherlands, with around 83% of total hazardous waste, is the highest user of hazardous waste as alternative fuel and raw material in cement kilns. Uncontrolled waste management degrades land, ground water and air quality, leading to health risks to humans, animals and the ecosystem. Presently, industrial waste in most cases is disposed to landfills after incineration, without utilizing the full potential of the wastes through recirculation. The present study analyzed the current situation of the treatment facilities for attaining a sustainable management system using waste as alternative fuel and raw material for the disposal of hazardous waste. Through the alternative fuel and raw material concept, hazardous wastes can be used as a substitute for fossil fuels and/or raw material in a few types of industries. This will surely enhance the efficient recirculation of industrial wastes. This paper presents the overall view of Indian hazardous-waste generating industries, their locations, the potential of wastes as alternate sources of fuel to other industries, the use of alternative fuel and raw material by cement industries and applicable regulatory requirements.

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Bhat, Sartaj Ahmad, Jaswinder Singh, and Adarsh Pal Vig. "Management of Sugar Industrial Wastes through Vermitechnology." International Letters of Natural Sciences 55 (June 2016): 35–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.18052/www.scipress.com/ilns.55.35.

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The present paper discusses the role of earthworms in recycling of sugar industrial wastes. The wastes generated from sugar industry are pressmud, bagasse, bagasse fly ash, sugar cane trash, sugar beet mud, sugar beet pulp, molasses etc. These wastes when mixed with other organic substrates become ideal mixtures for growth of earthworms. These wastes if stored in open field’s causes contamination in the environment and may cause several diseases in public health. But the governments have been unable to tackle the menace of solid waste pollution due to dearth of appropriate technologies, finance and space. Therefore, environment friendly and cost effective technologies for nutrient recycling or remediation of wastes are being advocated as an alternative means for conserving and replenishing natural resources of the ecosystems. Vermicomposting is one such technology that synergises microbial degradation with earthworm’s activity for reducing, reusing and recycling waste materials in a shorter span of time. Earthworm technology can convert sugar industrial wastes into valuable fertilizing material. The final product (vermicompost) produced during the process of vermicomposting is nutrient rich organic fertilizer with plant available nutrients such as nitrogen, potassium, calcium and phosphorus. In the present study an attempt has been made to document the role of earthworms in reuse of sugar industry waste.

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Bhat, Sartaj Ahmad, Jaswinder Singh, and Adarsh Pal Vig. "Management of Sugar Industrial Wastes through Vermitechnology." International Letters of Natural Sciences 55 (June 3, 2016): 35–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.56431/p-jh3zmh.

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The present paper discusses the role of earthworms in recycling of sugar industrial wastes. The wastes generated from sugar industry are pressmud, bagasse, bagasse fly ash, sugar cane trash, sugar beet mud, sugar beet pulp, molasses etc. These wastes when mixed with other organic substrates become ideal mixtures for growth of earthworms. These wastes if stored in open field’s causes contamination in the environment and may cause several diseases in public health. But the governments have been unable to tackle the menace of solid waste pollution due to dearth of appropriate technologies, finance and space. Therefore, environment friendly and cost effective technologies for nutrient recycling or remediation of wastes are being advocated as an alternative means for conserving and replenishing natural resources of the ecosystems. Vermicomposting is one such technology that synergises microbial degradation with earthworm’s activity for reducing, reusing and recycling waste materials in a shorter span of time. Earthworm technology can convert sugar industrial wastes into valuable fertilizing material. The final product (vermicompost) produced during the process of vermicomposting is nutrient rich organic fertilizer with plant available nutrients such as nitrogen, potassium, calcium and phosphorus. In the present study an attempt has been made to document the role of earthworms in reuse of sugar industry waste.

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Guo, Dongming, and Lizhen Huang. "The State of the Art of Material Flow Analysis Research Based on Construction and Demolition Waste Recycling and Disposal." Buildings 9, no. 10 (September 21, 2019): 207. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/buildings9100207.

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Construction and demolition waste (C&D waste) are widely recognized as the main form municipal solid waste, and its recycling and reuse are an important issue in sustainable city development. Material flow analysis (MFA) can quantify materials flows and stocks, and is a useful tool for the analysis of construction and demolition waste management. In recent years, material flow analysis has been continually researched in construction and demolition waste processing considering both single waste material and mixed wastes, and at regional, national, and global scales. Moreover, material flow analysis has had some new research extensions and new combined methods that provide dynamic, robust, and multifaceted assessments of construction and demolition waste. In this paper, we summarize and discuss the state of the art of material flow analysis research in the context of construction and demolition waste recycling and disposal. Furthermore, we also identify the current research gaps and future research directions that are expected to promote the development of MFA for construction and demolition waste processing in the field of sustainable city development.

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Oversby, Virginia M. "Material Matters." MRS Bulletin 22, no. 2 (February 1997): 5–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/s0883769400032450.

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The use of nuclear fission to generate power results in waste materials that can be hazardous to people and to other life forms, particularly in the first few hundred years after the wastes are created. There is a worldwide consensus that the management of these wastes must not place undue burdens on future generations. In some countries, the opinion is openly stated that those who enjoyed the benefits of the power that produced the wastes must be responsible for taking care of the wastes. Opinions diverge when discussion turns to the question of whether the wastes will always be a liability or eventually become an asset.Another point of consensus is that at least some of the radioactive wastes should be disposed of by a method that securely isolates them from the accessible environment of plant, animal, and human life until the radioactivity levels have decayed to levels similar to those found in natural environments. Different countries take different positions on the details of what the activity level might be that constitutes the end of moral responsibility for the wastes, but the general position is basically the same worldwide. I explore some concerns about how disposal containers and waste repositories might be marked with suitable identification. In particular, I examine whether the message to be conveyed by the markings needs to change with time and with the entity examining the objects, and whether we can design markers that will convey this potentially variable message.

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Grela, A., M. Łach, K. Korniejenko, D. Mierzwiński, T. Bajda, M. Hebda, and B. Figiela. "Management of mining wastes through their transformation into useful sorbent." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 942, no. 1 (November 1, 2021): 012007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/942/1/012007.

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Abstract Abstract Every year a few hundred million or so tons of industrial waste are generated all over Europe. A considerable share is attributable to exploratory wastes from the mining sector and combustion byproducts. The process of their reprocessing and utilization fits into the following rules subject to intensive development, viz.: zero waste economy (Zero Waste Europe), effective use of resources (Resource Efficient Europe) as well as closed-circuit economy (Circular Economy). The article shows some research results to corroborate the concept of industrial waste processing of carbonaceous shales into sorbent materials. The applied process of carbonaceous shale calcination led to the obtaining of a material containing metakaolinite, then used in the synthesis of zeolites. The specific surface of the sorbent obtained in the aforesaid way exceeded 100 m2/g.

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Fadiya, Olusanjo O., Panos Georgakis, and Ezekiel Chinyio. "Quantitative Analysis of the Sources of Construction Waste." Journal of Construction Engineering 2014 (October 20, 2014): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/651060.

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The construction industry is traditionally environmentally unfriendly. The environmental impacts of construction waste include soil contamination, water contamination, and deterioration of landscape. Also, construction waste has a negative economic impact by contributing additional cost to construction due to the need to replace wasted materials. However, in order to mitigate waste, construction managers have to explore management options, which include reduction, recycling, and disposal of wastes. Reduction has the highest priority among the waste management options but efficient reduction cannot be achieved without adequate identification of the sources of waste. Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to present a study that was carried out on the contribution rates of nine identified sources of construction waste. Establishing the contribution rates of different waste sources will enhance knowledge-based decision-making in developing appropriate strategy for mitigating construction waste. Quantitative research method, using survey questionnaire, was adopted in this study to assess the frequency and severity of contribution of the sources of waste. As one of the findings of the study, residual waste such as material off-cuts was identified as the highest contributor to construction waste. This study consequently demonstrated that waste has a significant contribution to the cost of construction.

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Nnorom, Innocent Chidi, and Oladele Osibanjo. "Electronic waste (e-waste): Material flows and management practices in Nigeria." Waste Management 28, no. 8 (January 2008): 1472–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.wasman.2007.06.012.

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Bureecam, Chira, Taweep Chaisomphob, and Praj-Ya Sungsomboon. "Material flows analysis of plastic in Thailand." Thermal Science 22, no. 6 Part A (2018): 2379–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/tsci160525005b.

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A study of the plastics materials flow analysis in Thailand was aim to show the flow of plastic materials through production, consumption, and waste management based on the year 2013 and projection to the year 2020. This paper finds the plastic waste generation increasing steadily in line with population growth and increasing consumption. In addition, the simulation under waste management three scenarios includes the following: the business as usual, increasing recycled rate set on the National Solid Waste Management Master Plan (2016-2021) and increasing in rate of energy recovery by the Alternative Energy Development Plan 2015-2036. The plastic material flow analysis has shown that the implementation of the National Solid Waste Management Master Plan (2016-2021) or the Alternative Energy Development Plan 2015-2036 can reduce uncollected waste and improper waste disposal. Moreover, there is benefit by adding value from recycled materials and energy recovery.

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Sarminingsih, Anik, Winardi Dwi Nugraha, and Alya Karmilia. "Optimization of Waste Management at the Purwosari Material Recovery Facility (MRF) Mijen District, Semarang City." Jurnal Presipitasi : Media Komunikasi dan Pengembangan Teknik Lingkungan 18, no. 2 (July 31, 2021): 231–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/presipitasi.v18i2.231-240.

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Semarang City is working on constructing a Material Recovery Facility (MRF) in various urban villages to reduce the waste that enters the Jatibarang Landfill. However, the construction of MRF is not optimal. MRF Purwosari still functions as a container without waste processing. By projecting waste generation for the next ten years, the results of optimization planning are processing waste into RDF, redesigning MRF covering an area of 1,571 m2 with an investment cost of IDR 1,602,837,997 and an operational cost of IDR 307,741/ton/day. The NPV value was Rp.4,836,965, EIRR 12%, and BCR value of 1.81.

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Matušková, S., M. Taušová, L. Domaracká, and P. Tauš. "Waste production and waste management in the EU." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 900, no. 1 (November 1, 2021): 012024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/900/1/012024.

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Abstract The constant growth of the population increases the demands on raw material resources, which is reflected in increasing pressure on the environment. The impact of mankind on the environment is nowadays an increasingly acute problem, which is being addressed by the governments of individual countries, not only the EU, through legislative interventions. The most addressed areas are the issue of production and subsequent waste management. Waste production in the world has been growing for a long time, which causes considerable problems for individual countries. Each country is currently looking for the optimal way of waste management to reuse it as secondary raw material. In this paper, we analysed twenty-eight EU countries in terms of production and waste management and found significant differences between countries. We looked for factors that lead to different results between countries in the production and management of waste, based on the population, the size of the country to the indicators of living standards, and legislation applicable to those countries.

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Manciula, Dorin Iosif, Radu Barbu Horațiu Mișca, and Andrei Roter. "Polyurethane Waste Utilization." Studia Universitatis Babeș-Bolyai Ambientum 66, no. 1-2 (November 30, 2022): 45–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.24193/subbambientum.2021.04.

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"Following the explosive development of industrial processes in recent decades, society began to feel more and more the need for efficient measures to prevent pollution on a global scale, or finding new, or alternative resources. Such a measure is to reuses as much material as possible, that we now consider waste or residue, to reduce the consumption of resources, especially non-renewable resources. In this regard, the paper presents a way to recycle polyurethane waste and obtaining a composite material by mixing it with a fresh polyurethane adhesive and quartz sand in different proportions. The polyurethane wastes thus become a substitute for pure polyurethane, and the obtained mixture may be used for manufacturing construction materials. The samples were studied in terms of physical properties and behavior under the action of some environmental factors. Keywords: waste and polyurethane foams, polymeric composite materials, construction materials, insulation materials. "

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Tuna Kayili, Merve, Gülser Çelebi, and Abdulmecit Guldas. "MORPHOLOGICAL, MECHANICAL, THERMAL AND TRIBOLOGICAL PROPERTIES OF ENVIRONMENTALLY FRIENDLY CONSTRUCTION MATERIALS: RECYCLED LDPE COMPOSITES FILLED BY BLAST FURNACE DUST." Journal of Green Building 15, no. 3 (June 1, 2020): 159–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.3992/jgb.15.3.159.

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ABSTRACT This study focused on developing a sustainable composite material using metallic wastes of the iron-steel industry and plastic wastes of the plastic industry in order to reduce resultant waste from the production processes of various industrial products and to sustain waste management of these industries. In this study, different amounts of blast furnace dust (BFD), which is the major iron-steel industry waste and is used as filler for recycled low-density polyethylene (LDPE), was mixed with LDPE to produce the composite material. The morphology, mechanical, vicat softening temperature thermal conductivity, hardness and wear resistance properties of BFD filled LDPE composites were assessed. The increasing of BFD in recycled LDPE improved the heat resistance, increased thermal conductivity and wear resistance of composite materials. In addition, it was found that the composite materials had sufficient mechanical properties, when mechanical tests were evaluated. These results showed that the produced composite material could be used in buildings as a floor coating material and thereby saving raw materials and resources, as well as potentially reducing environmental problems.

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Aleksanin, Aleksandr. "Development of construction waste management." E3S Web of Conferences 97 (2019): 06040. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/20199706040.

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Improvement of building materials, optimization and development of technological processes of construction production require the development of promising areas of research to improve the efficiency of management of construction waste, which will provide economic and environmental benefits. The article provides statistical data on the volumes of formation and processing of construction and demolition waste, confirming the relevance and need for attention to the area of construction waste disposal. To improve the efficiency of construction and demolition waste management processes, it is proposed to create specialized centers that perform specific functions of coordinating material and information resources, which will track and coordinate the entire life cycle of waste from the source of education to the place of disposal or recycling. To improve the efficiency of processes for optimizing the management of construction waste, it is proposed to attract to them the organizational, economic and technological capabilities of private business.

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Jerie, Steven, and Daniel Tevera. "Solid Waste Management Practices in the Informal Sector of Gweru, Zimbabwe." Journal of Waste Management 2014 (November 25, 2014): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/148248.

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This paper contributes to the debate on the role of the informal sector in solid waste management by examining the effectiveness of informal sector solid waste management practices in transforming waste into nonwaste in the city of Gweru in Zimbabwe. The study focused on 589 informal enterprises that were surveys using questionnaire interviews and focus group discussions with key informants. Analysis of solid waste management in the informal sector of Gweru has revealed that large amounts of waste are generated indicating poor material efficiency in the enterprises, especially in food market areas where huge amounts of biodegradable material and vegetable wastes are generated and disposed of haphazardly. Analysis of the key factors that include solid waste generation rates, collection frequencies and transportation, waste minimisation, and reduction practices showed that the current waste management system is unsustainable in the long run. The municipality of Gweru needs to provide more resources for financing, training, and manpower to enable effective provision of an environmentally friendly solid waste management system in the city, including the informal sector.

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dos Muchangos, Leticia Sarmento, Akihiro Tokai, and Atsuko Hanashima. "Data uncertainties in material flow analysis: Municipal solid waste management system in Maputo City, Mozambique." Waste Management & Research: The Journal for a Sustainable Circular Economy 35, no. 1 (November 11, 2016): 120–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0734242x16675685.

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Material flow analysis can effectively trace and quantify the flows and stocks of materials such as solid wastes in urban environments. However, the integrity of material flow analysis results is compromised by data uncertainties, an occurrence that is particularly acute in low-and-middle-income study contexts. This article investigates the uncertainties in the input data and their effects in a material flow analysis study of municipal solid waste management in Maputo City, the capital of Mozambique. The analysis is based on data collected in 2007 and 2014. Initially, the uncertainties and their ranges were identified by the data classification model of Hedbrant and Sörme, followed by the application of sensitivity analysis. The average lower and upper bounds were 29% and 71%, respectively, in 2007, increasing to 41% and 96%, respectively, in 2014. This indicates higher data quality in 2007 than in 2014. Results also show that not only data are partially missing from the established flows such as waste generation to final disposal, but also that they are limited and inconsistent in emerging flows and processes such as waste generation to material recovery (hence the wider variation in the 2014 parameters). The sensitivity analysis further clarified the most influencing parameter and the degree of influence of each parameter on the waste flows and the interrelations among the parameters. The findings highlight the need for an integrated municipal solid waste management approach to avoid transferring or worsening the negative impacts among the parameters and flows.

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Takatsuki, Hiroshi. "Environmental Education for Material Cycles and Waste Management." Material Cycles and Waste Management Research 25, no. 4 (July 31, 2014): 231–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.3985/mcwmr.25.231.

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Neskovic Markic, Dragana, Hristina Stevanovic Carapina, Drazenko Bjelic, Ljiljana Stojanovic Bjelic, Predrag Ilic, Zeljka Sobot Pesic, and Olivera Kikanovic. "Using Material Flow Analysis for Waste Management Planning." Polish Journal of Environmental Studies 28, no. 1 (November 20, 2018): 255–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.15244/pjoes/78621.

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NISHINO, Akio. "Material Circulating Urban Structure and Waste Management System." Journal of the Society of Mechanical Engineers 101, no. 953 (1998): 254. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jsmemag.101.953_254.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Material and Waste Management'

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