Journal articles on the topic 'Mastitis'
To see the other types of publications on this topic, follow the link: Mastitis.
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the top 50 journal articles for your research on the topic 'Mastitis.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Browse journal articles on a wide variety of disciplines and organise your bibliography correctly.
1
Al-Rasheed, Agharid A., Sana’a S. Ahmed, Karim A. Al-Jashamy, and Bashiru Garb. "Immunopathological Responses to the Bovine Mastitis Associated with Staphylococcus Species Infection." Iraqi Journal of Veterinary Medicine 46, no. 2 (December 29, 2022): 7–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.30539/ijvm.v46i2.1398.
Full textAbstract:
Bovine mastitis is a disease that concerns animals' welfare and increases the economic production losses. Bacterial agents such as Staphylococcus species are the main causative agent of bovine mastitis. This bacterial agent expresses some inflammatory cytokines that might enhance the cell-mediated, which may promote the pathogenesis of mastitis. The objective of the current study was to investigate the bovine innate immune response circulating levels of pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines. A total of 10 mL of milk specimens were collected randomly from 100 clinically mastitic cows, and another 20 clinically healthy cows were considered as a control group for the California Mastitis test. The microbiological cultures of milk specimens were performed. The interleukins (ILs)that involved IL-4, IL-6, and IL-10 were detected using the ELISA test for the evaluation of the pro-inflammatory bovine mastitis pathophysiology. The results of this study showed that Staphylococcus aureus detection was in 31.2% of mastitic milk and 8.7% of non-mastitic milk specimens; and the coagulase-negative Staphylococcus was detected in 14.8% and 18.7% in the mastitic and non-mastitic milk specimens, respectively. The IL-6 level was shown significantly higher (P<0.05)in the specimens of mastitic milk (194±12.8 pg/mL) compared to the non-mastitic milk (31±2.9 pg/mL). In conclusion, the elevated level of expression of IL-6 cytokine in the milk of cows with mastitis suggested that IL-6 might be used as a potentially suitable biomarker for early bovine mastitis diagnosis
2
Ahmad, T., A. Ghafoor, M. Nadeem, M. Q. Bilal, and A. Sharif. "EFFECT OF MASTITIS ON MILK COMPOSITION OF CROSS-BRED (HOLSTEIN FRIESIAN X CHOLISTANI) AND SAHIWAL CATTLE." Pakistan Journal of Agriculture, Agricultural Engineering and Veterinary Sciences 39, no. 1 (June 14, 2023): 37–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.47432/2023.39.1.7.
Full textAbstract:
The present study was designed to investigate the effect of mastitis on various components including fat percentage, protein, total solids, solid not fat, pH, specific gravity and lactose content in milk of cross-bred (Holstein Friesian × Cholistani) and Sahiwal cattle. A total of 376 milk samples (excluding blind and nonfunctional teats) from 100 cows (50 cross-bred and 50 sahiwal) were collected aseptically. Animals of different ages, parity and stages of lactation were selected under field condition. The diagnosis of subclinical mastitis was done on basis of Surf Field Mastitis Test. For bacterial examination of milk, the samples were grown in laboratory and various biochemical tests were performed. The results of the present study indicated that solid not fat (SNF) of mastitic sahiwal and cross-bred cattle and total solids percentage of normal and mastitic cattle were significantly reduced as the severity of mastitis increased in animals. The milk pH of normal and mastitic cattle including both sahiwal and cross-bred was significantly increased in severe cases of mastitis. The specific gravity of normal and mastitic milk samples showed that there was no significant difference in specific gravity as compared to normal. The protein percentage of normal and mastitic cattle including both sahiwal and cross-bred cattle indicated that protein concentration was significantly reduced in severe cases of mastitic animals. The findings of present study highlighted that mastitis cause major alterations in composition of milk leading to poor quality of the milk.
3
Barber, Michele R., and T. J. Yang. "Chemotactic Activities in Nonmastitic and Mastitic Mammary Secretions: Presence of Interleukin-8 in Mastitic but Not Nonmastitic Secretions." Clinical Diagnostic Laboratory Immunology 5, no. 1 (January 1, 1998): 82–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/cdli.5.1.82-86.1998.
Full textAbstract:
ABSTRACT Due to its association with low-quality milk and a decrease in milk production in bovines, mastitis is a major cause of economic loss. Additionally, mastitis can be harmful to suckling newborns and can cause damage to the mammary gland. In mastitic mammary secretions there is a substantial increase in somatic cells, specifically neutrophils. In this study we examined the ability of mastitic and nonmastitic mammary secretions to cause in vitro neutrophil chemotaxis using a microchemotaxis assay. Also, the role of the inflammatory chemokine interleukin-8 (IL-8) in neutrophil recruitment during mastitis was addressed in these in vitro experiments. We found that both nonmastitic and mastitic mammary secretions were chemotactic, not chemokinetic, for neutrophils. The neutrophil chemotactic activity in mastitic, but not nonmastitic, mammary secretions was blocked by anti-IL-8 antibodies. Molecular mass separation of the active components showed that the chemotactic activity of the mastitic secretions was present in the 10-kDa-or-less fraction and was blocked by anti-IL-8 antibodies. These results indicate that IL-8 plays a major role in neutrophil recruitment during mastitis. An understanding of its role will be of help in designing strategies for immunomodulatory therapies for mastitis.
4
Yang, Yongxin, Suizhong Cao, Xiaowei Zhao, Dongwei Huang, Huiling Zhao, and Guanglong Cheng. "Determination of changes in bovine plasma and milk proteins during naturally occurring Escherichia coli mastitis by comparative proteomic analysis." Animal Production Science 56, no. 11 (2016): 1888. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/an14901.
Full textAbstract:
The aim of this study was to investigate changes in plasma and milk proteins in response to Escherichia coli infection in cows. Plasma and milk were collected from healthy cows, cows suffering from mild E. coli mastitis, and cows suffering from severe E. coli mastitis. Protein composition was examined by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis coupled with mass spectrometry. Plasma haptoglobin and α-1 acid glycoprotein demonstrated greater expression in mastitic cows compared with controls, but there were no difference between mildly and severely mastitic cows. Milk from mildly mastitic cows showed increased albumin and casein variants. Severely mastitic cows showed lower casein levels and increased anti-microbial and acute phase proteins. Milk α-1 acid glycoprotein and cathelicidins were associated with severe mastitis. A greater number of β-casein fragments that corresponded to β-casein isoforms were found in milk from mildly mastitic cows. These results suggest that caseins levels decreased and the concentrations of anti-microbial and acute phase proteins increased corresponding to the degree of E. coli mastitis. Nevertheless, further studies are needed to determine whether cathelicidin could serve as a diagnostic marker for mastitis.
5
Kocak, O. "Influence of Mastitis on Milk Yield in Holstein Cows." Acta Veterinaria Brno 75, no. 4 (2006): 507–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.2754/avb200675040507.
Full textAbstract:
The objectives of the current study were to investigate the incidence of mastitis in a private dairy herd and the effect of the disease on the lactation milk yield (LMY), and on the daily average of the weekly milk yield (DMY). Only cows with no disease and cows with mastitis were included in the analyses. Mixed model procedures were used to analyse the DMY. Incidence of mastitis in the herd was 26.22%. The incidences of first, second and third parity groups were 19.94%, 33.74% and 40.74%, respectively. Daily milk losses because of mastitis varied between 0.76 kg/d and 4.56 kg/d. The total milk loss was 600.87 kg for cows that became mastitic in the first six weeks of lactation and was 503.86 kg for cows that became mastitic after the sixth week of lactation. The milk losses of cows that contracted mastitis after the sixth week of lactation, began three weeks before the diagnosis. The mastitic cows failed to reach their healthy levels of milk yield during the rest of the lactation. The results indicate that weekly lactation records are useful in early detection of mastitis.
6
Mbindyo, Christine M., George C. Gitao, and Charles M. Mulei. "Prevalence, Etiology, and Risk Factors of Mastitis in Dairy Cattle in Embu and Kajiado Counties, Kenya." Veterinary Medicine International 2020 (August 4, 2020): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/8831172.
Full textAbstract:
Bovine mastitis continues to be a leading cause of heavy economic losses in the dairy industry and a public health hazard globally. This cross-sectional study investigated the prevalence, etiologies of clinical and subclinical mastitis, and associated predisposing factors in Embu and Kajiado counties in Kenya. A semistructured questionnaire was administered to 154 smallholder dairy farmers to collect data on management practices, animal factors, and disease history. A total of 395 dairy cows were initially screened for subclinical mastitis using the California mastitis test (CMT), and milk samples were aseptically collected. Both CMT positive and CMT negative samples were analyzed using conventional bacteriological isolation and identification procedures. In the present study, the overall prevalence of mastitis based on CMT and clinical examination was 80% (316/395), out of which 6.8% (27/395) was clinical mastitis, while 73.1% (289/395) was subclinical mastitis. Based on culture, the overall prevalence of clinical and subclinical mastitis was 51.6% (815/1580), 74.4% (294/395), and 76.6% (118/154) at the quarter, cow, and farm level, respectively. From the 1574 milk samples analyzed by cultured, 1016 bacteria were yielded. The predominant bacteria were coagulase-negative Staphylococcus (CNS), 42.8% (435/1016), and in decreasing order, Streptococcus species, 22.2% (226/1016), Staphylococcus aureus, 15.7% (160/1016), and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, 5.1% (52/1016), and the least was Enterobacter species, 0.7% (7/1016), while 23.7% of the sample yielded no bacterial growth. Risk factor analysis revealed that milking mastitic cows last (p=0.002), using a clean udder drying towel for each cow (p=0.033) and previous history of mastitis (p=0.046) were significantly associated with presence of mastitis. The current study has shown a relatively high prevalence of subclinical mastitis with CNS as predominant bacteria. Therefore, control measures are urgently warranted. Management factors such as milking mastitic cows last, using a clean towel for udder drying for each cow, and culling mastitic cows should be considered and included in the Kenyan mastitis control programs.
7
Al- Anbagi, N. A. "Daignosis of Staphylococcus aureus mastitis in bovine in Al-Najaf province by using Polymerase chain reaction (PCR)." Al-Qadisiyah Journal of Veterinary Medicine Sciences 12, no. 2 (December 30, 2013): 81. http://dx.doi.org/10.29079/vol12iss2art261.
Full textAbstract:
This study was conducted to collect 388 milk samples from cows at different villages and townships in Al-Najaf province to examine about Staphylococcus aureus mastitis .CMT was used for subclinical mastitis screening ,212(54.6%) milk samples were mastitic .The molecular method (PCR assay) was used to detected the presence (glpF) gene in classically diagnosed S.aureus, which appeared that 38(92.6%) S.aureus mastitis as 13(32.5%) clinical and 25(14.5%) subclinical mastitis .There was high significant incidence of Staphylococcus aureus mastitis in left posterior udder quarter rather than others quarters
8
Sadat, Asmaa, Alshimaa M. M. Farag, Driss Elhanafi, Amal Awad, Ehab Kotb Elmahallawy, Noorah Alsowayeh, Manal F. El-khadragy, and Gehad E. Elshopakey. "Immunological and Oxidative Biomarkers in Bovine Serum from Healthy, Clinical, and Sub-Clinical Mastitis Caused by E. coli and S. aureus Infection." Animals 13, no. 5 (March 1, 2023): 892. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani13050892.
Full textAbstract:
The study aimed to investigate the mastitis’ emerging causative agents and their antimicrobial sensitivity, in addition to the hematological, biochemical indicators, oxidative biomarkers, acute phase protein (APP), and inflammatory cytokine changes in dairy farms in Gamasa, Dakahlia Governorate, Egypt. One hundred Holstein Friesian dairy cattle with clinical and subclinical mastitis were investigated and were allocated into three groups based on a thorough clinical examination. E. coli and S. aureus were found responsible for the clinical and subclinical mastitis in dairy farms, respectively. Multiple drug resistance (MDR) was detected in 100%, and 94.74% of E. coli and S. aureus isolates, respectively. Significantly low RBCs count, Hb, and PCV values were detected in mastitic cows compared with both subclinical mastitic and control groups; moreover, WBCs, lymphocytes, and neutrophil counts were significantly diminished in mastitic cows compared to the controls. Significantly higher levels of AST, LDH, total protein, and globulin were noticed in both mastitic and subclinical mastitic cows. The haptoglobin, fibrinogen, amyloid A, ceruloplasmin, TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 levels were statistically increased in mastitic cows compared to the controls. Higher MDA levels and reduction of TAC and catalase were identified in all the mastitic cases compared to the controls. Overall, the findings suggested potential public health hazards due to antimicrobial resistance emergence. Meanwhile, the APP and cytokines, along with antioxidant markers can be used as early indicators of mastitis.
9
Nava-Trujillo, Hector. "Effect of clinical mastitis on reproductive targets achievement in cows." Veterinária e Zootecnia 26 (February 25, 2019): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.35172/rvz.2019.v26.135.
Full textAbstract:
The aim of this study was to determine the effect of clinical mastitis occurring between calving and the first service on the percentage of cows that achieve two reproductive targets: be served before 70 days postpartum and be pregnant before 110 days postpartum (dpp). Relative frequency and odds ratio (OR) with the corresponding confidence interval (CI) were calculated. Fewer mastitic cows were served before 70 dpp than non-mastitic (24.86% vs 36.59% respectively P = 0.0137); mastitic cows had lower odds to be served than non-mastitic cows (OR: 0.57; 95% CI: 0.3679-0.8938, P = 0.0141). Fewer mastitic cows became pregnant before 110 dpp than non-mastitic cows (36.72% vs 50.73%, respectively, P = 0.006) and mastitic cows had lower odds to become pregnant than non-mastitic cows (OR: 0.56; 95% CI: 0.3739-0.8495, P = 0.0062). Negative effect of clinical mastitis on percentage of cows served only was observed in primiparous cows, with 4.76% of mastitic cows being served in comparison with 30.19% of non-mastitic cows (P = 0.0017); primiparous mastitic cows had lower odds (0.11; 95% CI: 0.0249-0.5374, P = 0.0059) to be served than non-mastitic primiparous cows. Percentage of primiparous mastitic cows pregnant before 110 dpp was lower than non-mastitic cows (16.67% vs 37.74%, P = 0.0245) and mastitic cows had only 0.3300 odds (95% CI: 0.1234-0.8822, P = 0.0271) to become pregnant that primiparous non-mastitic. In multiparous, 42.96% of mastitic and 55.26% of non-mastitic cows (P = 0.0378) became pregnant before 110 dpp and mastitic cows had 0.6098 odd (95% CI: 0.3821-0.9730, P = 0.0380) to become pregnant than non-mastitic. In conclusion, clinical mastitis reduced the possibility of cows to be served and become pregnant during the first 70 and 110 dpp respectively, and the negative impact of clinical mastitis was more harmful in primiparous cows.
10
Ferdous, J., MS Rahman, MI Khan, MAHNA Khan, and UK Rima. "Prevalence of clinical and subclinical caprine mastitis of northern region in Bangladesh." Progressive Agriculture 29, no. 2 (September 17, 2018): 127–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/pa.v29i2.38296.
Full textAbstract:
Mastitis is a multifactorial and infectious disease of the udder of dairy animals. Infected animals suffer from pain and fever and causing damage in udder and changes in milk. The aim of this work was to determine the prevalence of clinical and sub-clinical caprine mastitis associated with bacterial pathogens during the period from January to June, 2017. A total of 120 lactating goats were randomly selected from different villages of Dinajpur district and 240 milk samples from each udder half were aseptically collected. The udders were examined and screened for the evidence of clinical and subclinical mastitis by clinical examination of udders and examining milk samples. Subclinical mastitis was detected by California Mastitis Test (CMT). Milk samples of all clinical and subclinical mastitis goats were cultured in/on bacteriological media for isolation and characterization of responsible bacterial pathogens. The overall prevalence of clinical and subclinical mastitis in goats was found to be 11.67% and 38.75%, respectively. Bacteriological examination of mastitic milk samples of caprine revealed Staphylococcus spp. (32.5%) as the major pathogen followed by Escherichia coli (22.5%), Pseudomonas spp. (12.5%), Klebsiella spp. (12.5%) and Bacillus spp. (5%). Results of this study indicated that about 50% of caprine udder were infected with mastitis (38.75%), which may render lowering milk production and mortality of goats and kids. It needs to screen milk sample of lactating goats by CMT, identify mastitic goats with infected bacteria, evaluate antibiotic sensitivity and design control strategy accordingly.Progressive Agriculture 29 (2): 127-138, 2018
11
Rahmeh, Rita, Abrar Akbar, Husam Alomirah, Mohamed Kishk, Abdulaziz Al-Ateeqi, Anisha Shajan, Thnayan Alonaizi, and Alfonso Esposito. "Assessment of mastitis in camel using high-throughput sequencing." PLOS ONE 17, no. 12 (December 7, 2022): e0278456. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0278456.
Full textAbstract:
Camel milk is recognized as a functional food with significant economic value. Mastitis is one of the most common and costly diseases in the dairy industry. Mastitis, which is caused by pathogens such as bacteria, viruses, fungi, and algae, has an impact on the quality and quantity of milk produced as well as animal health and welfare. There is a paucity of data on the etiological factors that cause camel mastitis. This study reports the bacterial and fungal community involved in clinical camel mastitis using Illumina amplicon sequencing. A total of 25 milk samples were analyzed, including 9 samples with mastitis and 16 healthy samples. The bacterial community in healthy samples was significantly more diverse and abundant than in mastitis samples. The fungal population in mastitis samples, on the other hand, was more diverse and abundant. As compared to healthy samples, the genera Staphylococcus, Streptococcus, Schlegelella, unclassified Enterobacteriaceae, Lactococcus, Jeotgalicoccus. and Klebsiella were found to be abundant in mastitic milk. However, the genera Corynebacterium, Enteractinococcus, unclassified Sphingomonadaceae, Atopostipes, Paenibacillus, Pseudomonas, Lactobacillus, Sphingomonas, Pediococcus and Moraxella were reduced. In the fungal community, mastitis caused a significant increase in the relative abundance of the majority of taxa, including Candida, Phanerochaete, Aspergillus, Cladosporium and unclassified Pyronemataceae, while Penicillium and Alternaria showed a decline in relative abundance. In the bacterial and fungal communities, the discriminant analysis showed 19 and 5 differently abundant genera in healthy milk and mastitic milk, respectively. In conclusion, this study showed a microbiome dysbiosis linked to clinical camel mastitis, with opportunistic pathogens outgrowing commensal bacteria that were reduced. These findings are essential in designing an appropriate control program in the camel dairy herd, as well as in preventing and treating camel mastitis.
12
Swanson, Kara, Stas Gorodetsky, Laura Good, Stephen Davis, David Musgrave, Kerst Stelwagen, Vicki Farr, and Adrian Molenaar. "Expression of a β-Defensin mRNA, Lingual Antimicrobial Peptide, in Bovine Mammary Epithelial Tissue Is Induced by Mastitis." Infection and Immunity 72, no. 12 (December 2004): 7311–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/iai.72.12.7311-7314.2004.
Full textAbstract:
ABSTRACT The expression of a β-defensin, the lingual antimicrobial peptide (LAP), in response to mastitis was investigated by real-time PCR of RNA from mastitic and control udder quarters. There was a positive relationship between somatic cell count in milk and LAP expression. In situ hybridization showed that LAP mRNA was expressed in epithelial cells of mastitic tissue. These results suggest that LAP plays a role in the innate immune response to mastitis.
13
Salman, Mian Muhammad, Muhammad Nawaz, Tahir Yaqub, and Muhammad Hassan Mushtaq. "Exploring the Milk Microbiota of Healthy and Mastitic Nili Ravi Buffalo Using 16S rRNA Gene Base Metagenomic Analysis." Animals 13, no. 14 (July 13, 2023): 2298. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani13142298.
Full textAbstract:
The Nili Ravi, a buffalo breed from Pakistan, significantly contributes to the dairy industry. Mastitis is one of the major challenges affecting milk production in this breed. The objective of the current study was to identify the bacterial communities and diversity in healthy and mastitic milk of this breed. Milk samples (n = 14) were collected from Nili Ravi buffaloes with different udder health statuses, i.e., healthy (5), subclinical mastitis (4), and clinical mastitis (5). The DNAs were extracted, subjected to partial amplification of 16S rDNA (V3 and V4 regions), and sequenced using the Illumina platform. The results revealed variations in the bacterial communities in the milk of animals with different udder health statuses. Proteobacteria was the predominant phylum in the healthy group, while clinical and subclinical mastitis milk had a higher abundance of Firmicutes. Dominant bacterial genera in the healthy group were Streptococcus (11.60%), Herbaspirillum (7.65%), and Staphylococcus (4.70%), whereas the clinical mastitis group was dominated by Streptococcus (33.96%), Staphylococcus (7.87%), and Corynebacterium (2.68%), and the subclinical mastitis group was dominated by Bacillus (15.70%), Corynebacterium (6.70%), and Staphylococcus (6.58%). Assignment of operational taxonomic units at the species level resulted in most species being assigned to uncultured or unknown bacteria or remaining unassigned. Alpha diversity indices indicated lower microbial diversity in the clinical mastitis group, while beta diversity indices showed a scattered pattern of sample clustering in PCA plots among different groups. It is concluded that bacterial diversity in the milk of Nili Ravi buffaloes suffering from clinical mastitis is lower compared to healthy and subclinical mastitis cases. It is concluded that the variations in the microbiota of healthy and mastitic milk may be further investigated and exploited as signature microbes associated with the udder health status of Nili Ravi buffalo.
14
Ateya, Ahmed I., Samer S. Ibrahim, and Mona M. Al-Sharif. "Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms, Gene Expression and Economic Evaluation of Parameters Associated with Mastitis Susceptibility in European Cattle Breeds." Veterinary Sciences 9, no. 6 (June 14, 2022): 294. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/vetsci9060294.
Full textAbstract:
The objective of this study was to explore single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), gene expression and economic evaluation of parameters associated with mastitis susceptibility in Holstein and Brown Swiss dairy cows. Two hundred and forty Holstein and Brown Swiss dairy cows (120 cows of each breed) were used in this study. The investigated dairy cows in each breed were allocated into two equal-sized groups (60 cows each); mastitis tolerant and affected groups. PCR-DNA sequencing of SELL, ABCG2, SLC11A1, FEZL, SOD1, CAT, GPX1, and AhpC/TSA revealed nucleotide sequence variations in the form of SNPs associated with mastitis tolerance/susceptibility in investigated Holstein and Brown Swiss dairy cows. Levels of SELL, SLC11A1 and FEZL gene expression were significantly up-regulated in mastitic Holstein and Brown Swiss dairy cows than in tolerant ones. Meanwhile, ABCG2, SOD1, CAT, GPX1, and AhpC/TSA genes were significantly downregulated. Regarding the economic parameters, significant differences were recorded for net returns and a reduction in the percentage of net profit, as the higher values of net returns were recorded for tolerant dairy cows than mastitic ones in both breeds; moreover, the net profit was reduced by 39% and 27% in mastitic Holstein and Brown Swiss dairy cows, respectively, when compared to tolerant ones. The results herein confirmed the potential significance of investigated genes as candidates for mastitis tolerance/susceptibility in Holstein and Brown Swiss dairy cows. Mastitis also has detrimental impacts on economic efficiency in dairy farms.
15
Gazim, Zilda Cristiani, Orlando Seiko Takemura, Luiz Cláudio Monteiro da Silva, Carlos Massambani, Roberson Eduardo Moraes, Carlos Dias Barzon, and Franciele De Medeiros. "Preliminary study of homeopathic treatment of subclinical mastitis evaluated through somatic cells count (SCC) and California mastitis test (CMT)." International Journal of High Dilution Research - ISSN 1982-6206 7, no. 24 (December 28, 2021): 147–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.51910/ijhdr.v7i24.292.
Full textAbstract:
The present paper presents the results of homeopathic treatment of 25 Holstein breed cows aged 3 to 8 years old diagnosed with subclinical mastitis through California Mastitis Test (CMT). Animals were divided into 3 groups according with infection level. A homeopathic complex was developed on the grounds of clinical aspects, including Phosphorus 30x, Phytolacca 30x, Silicea 30x, Sulphur 30x, Belladona 30x, Bryonia alba 30x, Pulsatilla 30x, Calendula 30x and biotherapic of Staphylococcus aureus 200x. The remedy was added to salt and was administered to cattle 100g/cow/day for 75 days. CMT were carried out every 2 weeks to control incidence and severity of mastitis; somatic cells count (SCC) was performed at the beginning and the end of treatment. CMT showed significant improvement in regression of infection level all throughout the study; final SCC showed decrease in 82% of animals, signaling thus efficacy of the homeopathic treatment. Keywords: Subclinical mastitis; Dairy cows; Homeopathy; California Mastitis Test, Somatic Cells Count.  Estudo preliminar do tratamento homeopático da mastite subclínica avaliado por contagem de células somáticas (SCC) e California Mastitis Test (CMT) Resumo Este artigo apresenta os resultados do tratamento homeopático de 25 vacas raça Holstein entre 3 e 8 anos de idade diagnosticadas com mastite subclínica através do California Mastitis Test (CMT). Os animais foram divididos em 3 grupos de acordo com o nível da infecção. Foi preparado um complexo homeopático com base nos achados clínicos, composto de: Phosphorus 30X, Phytolacca 30x, Sulphur 30x, Belladona 30x, Bryonia alba 30x, Silicea 30x, Pulsatilla 30x, Calendula 30x s 30X, Phytolacca 30x, Sulphur 30x, Belladona 30x, Bryonia alba 30x, Silicea 30x, Pulsatilla 30x, Calendula 30x e bioterápico de Staphylococcus aureus 200x. O complexo foi acrescentado no sal e administrado na dose de 100g/vaca/dia. O CMT foi realizado a cada 2 semanas a fim de monitorar a incidéncia e gravidade da mastitie; a contagem de células somáticas (SCC) foi realizada ao início e no final do tratamento. Os valores do CMT mostraram melhora significativa no sentido de regressão do nível da infecção ao longo do estudo; o valor final da SCC diminuiu em 82% dos animais, apontando para a eficácia do tratamento homeopático. Palavras-chave: Mastite subclínica; Vacas leiteiras; Homeopatia; CMT, contagem de células somáticas.  Estudio preliminar del tratamiento homeopático de la mastitis sublínica evaluado mediante recuento de células somáticas (SCC) y California Mastitis Test (CMT) Resumen Este artículo presenta los resultados del tratamiento homeopático de 25 vacas raza Holstein entre 3 e 8 años de edad diagnosticadas com mastitis sucblínica mediante California Mastitis Test (CMT). Los animales fueron divididos en 3 grupos según el nível de la infección. Fue compuesto un complejo homeopático con base en la presentación clínica, incluyendo Phosphorus 30X, Phytolacca 30x, Sulphur 30x, Belladona 30x, Bryonia alba 30x, Silicea 30x, Pulsatilla 30x, Calendula 30x y bioterápico de Staphylococcus aureus 200x. El complejo fue agregado en sal y administrado a los animales en la dosis de 100g/vaca/día. CMT fue realizado cada 2 semanas para monitorizar la incidencia y gravedad de la mastitis; recuento de células somáticas (SCC) fue realizado al inicio y al final del tratamiento. CMT mostró mejoría significativa en el sentido de regresión del nivel de la infección a lo largo del estudio; el valor final del SCC disminuyó en 82% de los animales, apuntando para la eficacia del tratamiento homeopático. Palabras-clave: Mastitis subclínica; Vacas lecheras; Homeopatía; CMT, recuento de células somáticas.  Correspondence author: Zilda Cristiani Gazim, zcgazim@uol.com.br How to cite this article: Barzon CD, Medeiros F, Moraes RE, Silva LCM, Massambani C, Takemura OS, Gazim ZC. Preliminary study of homeopathic treatment of subclinical mastitis evaluated through somatic cells count and California mastitis test. Int J High Dilution Res [online]. 2008 [cited YYYY Mmm DD]; 7(24): 147-151. Available from: http://journal.giri-society.org/index.php/ijhdr/article/view/292/364. ÂÂÂ
16
El-Diasty, Mohamed, Hager Talaat, Samar Atwa, Elzahraa Elbaz, and Mohamed Eissa. "Occurrence of Coagulase-negative Staphylococcal mastitis in dairy cows." September2019 20, no. 3 (September 25, 2019): 35–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.35943/mvmj.2019.23.207.
Full textAbstract:
Objective: To study the prevalence of Coagulase-negative Staphylococci in clinical and subclinical mastitis in dairy cows. Design: Case-control study. Animals: 415 lactating Holstein cows. Procedures: A total of 896 quarter milk samples were collected aseptically from 415 dairy cows for bacteriological examination (mastitic cows, n=50; healthy cows, n=174). Identification of different bacterial isolates followed by antibiotic sensitivity test for Coagulase-negative Staphylococci (CNS) was carried out, using disc-diffusion method against 13 different antibiotics. Results: 224 out of 415 cows (54%) were proven to be mastitic (12% clinical mastitis, 42 % subclinical mastitis). Coagulase-negative Staphylococci were the prevalent isolate (32%). CNS was recorded in 25.7 % of clinical cases and 34% of subclinical mastitis. The antibiogram of CNS isolates against 13 different antibiotics revealed high level of resistance to ampicillin (85%) and oxacillin (85%). However, they were less resistant to vancomycin (5%). The other antibiotics showed variable levels of resistance ranging from 40-75%. Conclusion and clinical relevance: Coagulase-negative Staphylococci were the most common bacteria isolated from mastitic cases. Multi-drug resistance was observed among CNS with high resistance to ampicillin and penicillin, so the use of such B-lactam antibiotics should be restricted specially if there were suspected cases of Coagulase-negative Staphylococci.
17
Essa, Bothaina, Mona Al-Sharif, Mohamed Abdo, Liana Fericean, and Ahmed Ateya. "New Insights on Nucleotide Sequence Variants and mRNA Levels of Candidate Genes Assessing Resistance/Susceptibility to Mastitis in Holstein and Montbéliarde Dairy Cows." Veterinary Sciences 10, no. 1 (January 3, 2023): 35. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/vetsci10010035.
Full textAbstract:
A major factor in the propagation of an infectious disease is host genetics. In this study, 180 dairy cows (90 of each breed: Holstein and Montbéliarde) were used. Each breed’s tested dairy cows were divided into two groups of comparable size (45 cows each), mastitis-free and mastitis-affected groups. Each cow’s jugular vein was punctured to obtain blood samples for DNA and RNA extraction. In the examined Holstein and Montbéliarde dairy cows, single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) related with mastitis resistance/susceptibility were found in the RASGRP1, NFkB, CHL1, MARCH3, PDGFD, MAST3, EPS15L1, C1QTNF3, CD46, COX18, NEURL1, PPIE, and PTX3 genes. Chi-square analysis of identified SNPs revealed a significant difference in gene frequency between mastitic and healthy cows. Except for CHL1, mastitic dairy cows of two breeds had considerably higher mRNA levels of the examined genes than did healthy ones. Marker-assisted selection and monitoring of dairy cows’ susceptibility to mastitis may be accomplished through the use of discovered SNPs and changes in the gene expression profile of the studied genes. These findings also point to a possible method for reducing mastitis in dairy cows through selective breeding of animals using genetic markers linked to an animal’s ability to resist infection.
18
Tian, Hong, Xiaojing Zhou, Hao Wang, Chuang Xu, Zixuan Zhao, Wei Xu, and Zhaoju Deng. "The Prediction of Clinical Mastitis in Dairy Cows Based on Milk Yield, Rumination Time, and Milk Electrical Conductivity Using Machine Learning Algorithms." Animals 14, no. 3 (January 28, 2024): 427. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani14030427.
Full textAbstract:
In commercial dairy farms, mastitis is associated with increased antimicrobial use and associated resistance, which may affect milk production. This study aimed to develop sensor-based prediction models for naturally occurring clinical bovine mastitis using nine machine learning algorithms with data from 447 mastitic and 2146 healthy cows obtained from five commercial farms in Northeast China. The variables were related to daily activity, rumination time, and daily milk yield of cows, as well as milk electrical conductivity. Both Z-standardized and non-standardized datasets pertaining to four specific stages of lactation were used to train and test prediction models. For all four subgroups, the Z-standardized dataset yielded better results than those of the non-standardized one, with the multilayer artificial neural net algorithm showing the best performance. Variables of importance had a similar rank in this algorithm, indicating the consistency of these variables as predictors for bovine mastitis in commercial farms with similar automatic systems. Moreover, the peak milk yield (PMY) of mastitic cows was significantly higher than that of healthy cows (p < 0.005), indicating that high-yielding cattle are more prone to mastitis. Our results show that machine learning algorithms are effective tools for predicting mastitis in dairy cows for immediate intervention and management in commercial farms.
19
Afrilia, Tika Fitria Wulan, Riska Faradila, Ananda Rifqi Shofi, and Ahmad Drajat Arifianto. "Deteksi mastitis subklinis pada peternakan sapi perah di wilayah kanigoro, Blitar." VITEK : Bidang Kedokteran Hewan 11, no. 2 (November 9, 2021): 71–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.30742/jv.v11i2.79.
Full textAbstract:
Mastitis is an inflammatory of the udder internal tissue with different causes and degrees of severity, duration and diseases caused by vaiorus causative agent. This disease is very harmfull because it caused a reduction in milk production, the additional costs of medicines causing economic losses for farmers. This tesearch was a descriptive research. Detection was done by talking milk sampel on dairy cattle and was reacted with California Mastits Test (CMT) reagents which were circukated circuary for 10-15 seconds. This result about mastitis subklinis tested using by California Mastitis Test (CMT) in Kanigoro, Blitar. From 134 milk sampel showed 104 (76,4 %) samples positive mastitis subkkinis. The subclinical mastitis factor was influenced by cowshed management and milking of livestock, because sanitation and hygiene influenced to the level of bacterial contamination.
20
Valdrina, Fetai, Nakov Dimitar, Jashari Besirm, and Trajchev Metodija. "Economics of milk yield losses in one dairy farm in Macedonia associated with clinical mastitis." International Journal of Business & Technology 3, no. 1 (November 2014): 42–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.33107/ijbte.2014.3.1.06.
Full textAbstract:
Mastitis remains one of the major disease in dairy herds, causing profound economic losses to the entire milk production chain due to changes in the milk quality and milk yield. A one year cross-sectional longitudinal survey was carried out to evaluate milk yield losses associated with occurrence of clinical mastitis cases in one dairy herd. Cows that had clinical mastitis and clinically healthy cows during lactation were included in the study. The traits analyzed were the average of the monthly test day milk yields, cow parities and days in lactation while first case of clinical mastitis was occurred. For these purpose there were recorded data for monthly test day milk yield of the cows at the 2nd, the 3rd and the 4th monthly test day (TD). TDs were chosen according to the average number of days in lactation to diagnose the first case of clinical mastitis. According these criteria, the 2nd and the 3rd TD were made before the diagnosis of the first lactation case of clinical mastitis, while the 4th TD was made after the diagnosis. Monthly test day milk yields were treated as repeated measurement within an animal in General Linear Model (GLM). Statistical model included fixed effect of cow parity and covariance of days in lactation when the first case of clinical mastitis was occurred. Estimated lactation incidence risk (LIR) for CM in observed population of dairy cows was 21.49%. Regardless parities, the first case of clinical mastitis in dairy herd occurred on the average 108.09±83.182 days in lactation. The LIR tended to significantly increased (p<0.001) with increasing the cow parity, as risk factor for occurrence of clinical mastitis. Before contracting the disease, cows with clinical mastitis yielded more milk than did healthy cows. Mastitis clearly affected the milk yield and the difference between the milk yield of the healthy cows and the cows after clinical mastitis was statistically significant. There was a significant decrease in the milk yield before and after the diagnosis of clinical mastitis case (p<0.001). The estimated daily milk yield losses per cow suffered from case of clinical mastitis, between the 3rd TD and the 4th TD, range from 0.9 kg to 26.0 kg, or average 9.6 kg/day. According this, the monthly milk yield losses per mastitic cow, between the 3rd TD and the 4th TD, were 288 kg. If we take in consideration the price of one kg milk of 0.32 euro, than the total daily economic losses per mastitic cow will be around 3 euro’s and monthly losses per cow will be around 92 euro. Regardless of the time of occurrence during the lactation, mastitis had a long-lasting effect on milk yield; cows with clinical mastitis did not reach their premastitis milk yields during the remainder of the lactation after onset of the disease. The daily milk yield must be taken in consideration for more rapid economic analysis of milk losses associated with occurrence of clinical mastitis in dairy herds.
21
Salat, Olivier, Guillaume Lemaire, Luc Durel, and Florent Perrot. "Etiology of severe mastitis in French dairy herds." PLOS ONE 18, no. 12 (December 14, 2023): e0295614. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0295614.
Full textAbstract:
Severe clinical mastitis is not so frequent in dairy cows, but it can have a significant economic impact due to its high mortality rate and adverse effects on milk production. Surveys about the cause of mastitis typically provide overall findings without connecting them to a specific medical condition. There are few studies on the specific etiology of severe mastitis. Only etiological results obtained during field studies are available in France, and the number of mastitic milk samples analyzed is always low. In recent years, veterinary clinics have improved their ability to identify bacteria causing bovine mastitis using a widely used method. This in-clinic milk culture made it possible to better understand the etiology of mastitis according to the symptoms observed. Regarding clinical mastitis, veterinarians treat severe cases differently than less severe ones. Based on data from nineteen veterinary clinics in France and over 2000 severe mastitis cases, the current study revealed that Enterobacteriaceae, particularly Escherichia coli, is the most common cause, isolated on average from 53.9% of milk samples. This information is highly reliable for practitioners to quickly and effectively treat the condition, because early and targeted treatment is crucial to avoid the complication of endotoxic shock.
22
FOTSAC DZOUSSE, Müller, Alain KOUAM SIMO, Roland NANKAM CHIMI, Armelle Prudence KOUENGOUA KOUENGOUA, Herman Marius BIEKOP FANDIO, Ange Gladis NGONGO KWAMOU, Peguy Kevin NJANGANG NGANYA, et al. "Bibliographic Synthesis on the Influence of Cow Mastitis on Fresh Milk Quality." Clinical Medicine And Health Research Journal 3, no. 3 (June 23, 2023): 438–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.18535/cmhrj.v3i3.193.
Full textAbstract:
Mastitis in lactating cows lead to a decrease in the overall cow production; make milk unfit for human and calf consumption; deteriorate milk quality. However, data are not updated on the influence of mastitis on the physicochemical and microbiological quality of milk. Therefore, the present review was made to highlight the current state of knowledge on prior research on the impact of mastitis on milk quality, and to identify the shortcomings of these studies. Two themes were addressed to achieve this. We started by reviewing the prevalence, aetiology and factors associated with the occurrence of mastitis in the African continent. Then, we compared the variation of chemical components of mastitis milk in several studies. Our analysis shows that subclinical mastitis is predominant in Africa, with most prevalence higher than 50%. The majority of authors (83.33%) claimed that Staphylococci are the main cause of mastitis. The breed (83.33%) and lactation stage (66.66%) were the two most cited factors contributing to the occurrence of mastitis. Data collected on the chemical components of mastitis milk came mostly from studies prior to the year 2000. Several contrary opinions (increase/decrease/no variation) were stated by authors on the variation of chemical components of mastitic milk, specifically on fat, lactose and crude protein contents. Overall, it is challenging, if not impossible, to draw a definitive conclusion about the influence of mastitis on the chemical composition of milk for most chemical parameters, because the data examined in relation to the chemical components of milk with mastitis seem rather inconsistent.
23
Zafalon, Luiz Francisco, Alessandro Pelegrine Minho, Emanuelle Baldo Gaspar, Renata Wolf Suñe Martins Da Silva, Robert Domingues, Fernando David Caracuschanski, Teresa Cristina Alves, and Waldomiro Barioni Júnior. "Evaluation of homeopathic protocols for the treatment of subclinical mastitis in lactating cows." International Journal of High Dilution Research - ISSN 1982-6206 22, cf (December 16, 2023): 105–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.51910/ijhdr.v22icf.1278.
Full textAbstract:
Background: We analyzed the effects of a homeopathic therapies to control subclinical mastitis in two dairy herds. Two experimental herds were used, one in the municipality of São Carlos, SP (Herd A) and the other in Bagé, RS (Herd B), with 46 and 37 lactating animals, respectively. Milk yield, somatic cell count (SCC), and levels of fat, protein, lactose and total solids were evaluated. Milk samples were collected for microbiological confirmation of mastitis. The lactating cows were divided into four groups formed on each of the two farms: cows with mastitis, treated and untreated, and healthy cows, also with and without homeopathic treatment. The occurrence of mastitis was compared between groups using the chi-square test. Means of continuous variables were compared by means of the Tukey-Kramer test. The herd effect on SCC, milk yield, and other compositional aspects was determined in treated and untreated animals, using multiple correspondence analysis. Results: No difference was found in the occurrence of mastitis between treated and untreated animals in Herd B, but in Herd A, mastitic cows were more commonly cured in the untreated group (P<0.05). No differences were detected in milk production and composition between treated and untreated cows with mastitis. Differences in SCC were observed only between mastitic and healthy animals because of heightened cellular response to the invasion of the mammary gland by microorganisms. Conclusions: No correspondence was found between the treated and untreated groups. Overall, our findings suggest that homeopathic treatment did not improve milk quality and production of experimental animals.
24
Hristov, Slavca, Branislav Stankovic, and Renata Relic. "Clinical and subclinical mastitis in cows." Biotehnologija u stocarstvu 21, no. 1-2 (2005): 29–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/bah0502029h.
Full textAbstract:
The most important aspects of diagnosis and occurrence of clinical and subclinical mastitis are presented in this paper. Mastitis is inflammation of udders parenchyma characterized by pathological changes, and physical chemical and bacteriological changes of milk. Subclinical mastitis could be diagnosed by direct or indirect somatic cell count (SCC) by California Mastitis test and N-acetyl-B-D-glucosamynidasys test, ELISA and Whiteside test, and also by chloride and bovine serum albumin level, as well as by electric conductivity of milk. Therapy of mastitis is more successful with appropriate information about pathogen, which demands special mediums laboratory conditions and stuff, in order to evaluate antibiotic sensitivity of specific pathogen. In the majority of countries, similar rate of morbidity (about 40%) and infection rate (25%) of dairy cows were reported, regardless of the cause. Prevalence investigations show similarity in the most of the countries. Predominant cause of mastitis is Staphylococcus aureus, followed by Streptococcus agalactiae. Available data show that incidence rate of mastitis caused by E. coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Aerobacter aerogenes and Klebsiella spp. is increasing. Similar data on incidence of mastits and prevalence of specific pathogen were established in our country.
25
Bochniarz, Mariola, Tomasz Piech, Tomasz Kocki, Mateusz Iskra, Henryk Krukowski, and Tomasz Jagielski. "Tryptophan, Kynurenine and Kynurenic Acid Concentrations in Milk and Serum of Dairy Cows with Prototheca Mastitis." Animals 11, no. 12 (December 20, 2021): 3608. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani11123608.
Full textAbstract:
The aim of this work was to investigate serum and milk levels of tryptophan (TRP), kynurenine (KYN), and kynurenic acid (KYNA), as well as the activity of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) in cows with mastitis due to Prototheca algae. The study was prompted by previous research showing a link between the KYN pathway of TRP metabolism and bovine mastitis of bacterial etiology. The study was carried out over a 2-year period (2018–2019) and included quarter milk and serum samples collected from six dairy herds in Poland. The samples were obtained from healthy cows and cows with Prototheca mastitis of either clinical and subclinical manifestation, as determined upon direct measurement of the somatic cell count or indirectly by performing a California Mastitis Test on suspected quarters. Both TRP and KYN concentrations were significantly lower in milk of mastitic cows compared to healthy animals (0.8 vs. 8.72 µM, p = 0.001; 0.07 vs. 0.32 µM, p = 0.001, respectively). The difference in TRP and KYN concentrations in the sera of the two animal groups was much less pronounced (25.55 vs. 27.57 µM, 3.03 vs. 3.56 nM, respectively). The concentration of KYNA was almost at the same level in milk (1.73 vs. 1.70 nM) and in serum (80.47 vs. 75.48 nM) of both mastitic and healthy cows. The data showed that the level of TRP and its metabolites in serum was conspicuously higher compared to milk in all cows under the study. The activity of IDO was significantly higher in milk of cows with Prototheca mastitis compared to healthy animals (71.4 vs. 40.86, p < 0.05), while in serum it was pretty much the same (135.94 vs. 124.98, p > 0.05). The IDO activity differed significantly between serum and milk both for mastitic (135.94 vs. 71.4, p < 0.05) and healthy cows (124.98 vs. 40.86, p < 0.001). In conclusion, low values of TRP and KYN concentrations or elevated IDO activity in milk samples might be used as markers of mastitis due to infectious causes, including Prototheca spp.
26
Ahmad, T., M. Kashif, E. Ahmad, M. Nadeem, and M. Rizwan. "PREVALENCE OF SUBCLINICAL MASTITIS, ASSOCIATED RISK FACTORS AND ANTIBIOTIC SENSITIVITY OF ESCHERICHIA COLI AND STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS IN CATTLE IN MULTAN, PAKISTAN." Pakistan Journal of Agriculture, Agricultural Engineering and Veterinary Sciences 37, no. 1 (June 28, 2021): 48–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.47432/2021.37.1.7.
Full textAbstract:
Mastitis is the most widespread and economically important disease of dairy sector worldwide. The present research was, therefore intended to establish the prevalence of mastitis in and around the Multan district. A total of 100 dairy cows were randomly sampled during the period from July 2018 to October 2018 from different local dairy farms at Multan. After screening with California Mastitis Test, milk samples from mastitic animals were cultured and subjected to microbiological examination.The overall prevalence of subclinical mastitis in cows was 38% and quarter-wise prevalence of subclinical mastitis was 36.20%.. Mastitis in front left quarters was 34.40%, right front quarters 31.60%, while left rare quarters 41% and right rear quarters 38%. Bacteria Staphylococcus, Streptococcus, Corynebacterium, Enterococci, Salmonella, Bacillus, Klebsiella, and Pseudomonas were isolated from infected samples. Staphylococcus aureus was the top-ranking isolated bacteria followed by Strept. Agalactiae and E. coli. The lack of proper milking techniques and no teat dipping were the most significantly associated risk factors. In the current study, E. coli isolates were sensitive to Gentamycine, Streptomycin, Chlororamphenicol and Kanamycin while resistant to Vancomycin and Penicillin. Similarly, S. aureus was extremely susceptible to Chloramphenicol, Vancomycin and Kanamycin but resistant to Tetracycline and Penicillin. It was concluded that subclinical mastitis was widely prevalent in Multan city. This study will help the farmers to adopt effective measures to control mastitis regarding the risk factors.
27
Niu, L. L., C. H. Wei, and L. X. Du. "Plasma proteomic profiles of healthy and mastitic cows – host responses to bovine mastitis." Archives Animal Breeding 56, no. 1 (November 14, 2013): 980–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.7482/0003-9438-56-099.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract. Mastitis is the most common disease in dairy cows and has resulted in a tremendous economic loss in dairy industry. In the present study, differentially expressed proteins (DEP) were identified among healthy, moderate and severe mastitic cows by proteomic profiling. The health status of cows was closely determined by the somatic cell count (SCC). Differentially expressed proteins were resolved using the two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-DE) with the pH 4–7 non-linear DryStrips. Subsequently, 8 protein spots, which altered more than 3-fold, were isolated and identified with the matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionisation-time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI TOF/TOF MS). The identified spots were split into four proteins: α-2-HS-glycoprotein, serum albumin, transthyretin (TTR) and haptoglobin, respectively. Compared with the healthy cows, the expression of haptoglobin was up-regulated in mastitic cows, and the others were down-regulated. Moreover, the proteomic data were consistent with the results of Western blot. All of the identified DEPs were acute phase proteins, which acted together and represented the consequence of serial cascades after mastitic infection. More importantly, the α-2-HS-glycoprotein was novel identified corresponding to the bovine mastitis in Chinese Holstein dairy cows. Taken together, our results indicate that the host responses may play an important role in the pathogenesis of mastitis and provide the potential diagnostic indicator of the underlying mastitis in dairy cows.
28
Đud, Dalibor, Saša Lončar, Mislav Đidara, and Marcela Šperanda. "Određeni minerali iz hrane i zdravstveno stanje vimena mliječnih krava." Krmiva 65, no. 2 (October 6, 2023): 77–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.33128/k.65.2.3.
Full textAbstract:
Mastitis, upala mliječne žlijezde jedna je od tri glavne bolesti koje utječu na profitabilnost proizvođača mlijeka i najskuplja bolest intenzivnog mliječnog govedarstva. Ekonomski gubici nastaju zbog odbacivanja mlijeka, povećanog izlučenja krava, troškova lijekova, rada veterinara i rada samih stočara. Međutim, sve je više dokaza da hranidba može imati značajan učinak na imunosni sustav, čime utječe na incidenciju infekcije i tijek mastitisa. Glavni utjecaj hranidbe na zdravlje vimena je putem supresije imunosnog sustava. Loš sastav obroka ne uzrokuje mastitis, ali može olakšati bakterijama da se udomaće u mliječnoj žlijezdi, što rezultira povećanom stopom mastitisa. Mliječna žlijezda krava često je izložena potencijalnim patogenima, ali većina krava ne dobije mastitis jer je njihov imunosni sustav adekvatan da spriječi infekciju. Cilj ovog rada je rasvijetliti povezanost između određenih minerala iz hrane i mastisa u mliječnih krava. Minerali dokazano imaju učinak na proizvodnju i reprodukciju, a njihov nedostatak može rezultirati imunosupresijom. Minerali koji utječu na zdravlje vimena su: selen, bakar, cink, kalcij, fosfor, magnezij, sumpor, mangan i molibden.
29
Gáspárdy, András, Gil Ismach, Árpád Bajcsy, Gyula Veress, Szilárd Márkus, and István Komlósi. "Evaluation of the on-line electrical conductivity of milk in mastitic dairy cows." Acta Veterinaria Hungarica 60, no. 1 (March 1, 2012): 145–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1556/avet.2012.012.
Full textAbstract:
Mastitis is a persistent, inflammatory reaction of the udder tissue, which entails a decline in potassium, and is also responsible for a higher somatic cell count (SCC) and electrical conductivity (EC) of milk. The measurement of EC is an indirect, rapid method to detect subclinical mastitis from milk. The aim of this study was to analyse the EC of milk throughout the lactation, around the day of mastitis detection, and also to estimate its heritability based on data from a large-scale dairy farm. Shortly after calving the EC value generally decreases; however, it was discovered that from the thirteenth week onwards, substantial differences arise between the mastitic and healthy groups of cows. The authors observed a significant (P < 0.001) increase in EC before the detection of clinical mastitis. This higher value (around 11 mS) persisted for 4 days, then it gradually returned to the normal level. The EC of milk from daughters sired by different bulls responded differently in case of mastitis. The heritability of EC seems to be high (h2 = 0.56). Therefore, the EC trait can be a beneficial indicator in detecting mastitis and should be considered in sire selection.
30
Watanabe, Atsushi, Jiro Hirota, Shinya Shimizu, Shigeki Inumaru, and Kazuhiro Kimura. "Single Intramammary Infusion of Recombinant Bovine Interleukin-8 at Dry-Off Induces the Prolonged Secretion of Leukocyte Elastase, Inflammatory Lactoferrin-Derived Peptides, and Interleukin-8 in Dairy Cows." Veterinary Medicine International 2012 (2012): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/172072.
Full textAbstract:
A single intramammary infusion of recombinant bovine interleukin-8 (IL-8) at 50 μg/quarter/head, but not 10 μg/quarter/head, induced clinical mastitis in three of four cows during the dry-off period, resulting in an elevated rectal temperature, redness and swelling of the mammary gland, extensive polymorphonuclear leukocyte (PMNL) infiltration, and milk clot formation from 1 to 28 days post infusion (PI). In the mammary secretions of the mastitic glands, high levels of IL-8 were sustained from 8 hours to 28 days PI, peaking at 1–3 days PI. The levels of leukocyte-derived elastase and inflammatory 22 and 23 kDa lactoferrin derived peptides (LDP) were also increased in the mammary secretions from the mastitic glands. In addition to the experimentally induced mastitis, the mammary secretions from the glands of cattle with spontaneousStaphylococcus aureusdry-period mastitis displayed milk clot formations and significant increases in their levels of PMNL counts, elastase, LDP, and IL-8, compared with those of the mammary secretions from the uninfected glands. These results suggest that after an intramammary infusion of IL-8 has elicited inflammatory responses, it induces the prolonged secretion of elastase, inflammatory LDP, and IL-8, and that long-lasting IL-8-induced inflammatory reactions are involved in the pathogenesis ofS. aureusdry-period mastitis.
31
Filippsen, Laerte Francisco, Fernanda Barros Moreira, Adauto Taiti Sakashita, and Daniéla Regina Bittencourt. "Prevalência da mastite bovina causada por Prototheca zopfii em rebanhos leiteiros, na região norte do Paraná." Ciência Rural 29, no. 1 (March 1999): 87–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0103-84781999000100016.
Full textAbstract:
Algas do gênero Prototheca têm sido relacionadas como agente etiológico na ocorrência de mastite bovina, entretanto, nenhum caso foi relatado no estado do Paraná. O presente trabalho objetivou determinar a prevalência desta alga, enquanto agente etiológico nas mastites bovinas, em rebanhos leiteiros, na região norte do Paraná. Foram visitadas 20 propriedades produtoras de leite e realizados exames clínicos e teste do CMT (California Mastitis Test) em todos os animais em lactação. A alga Prototheca zopfii foi isolada de dois animais de uma das propriedades. Todas as cepas isoladas de Prototheca zopfii mostraram-se resistentes aos antimicrobianos testados.
32
Rahman, M. M., M. Mazilli, G. Pennarossa, T. A. L. Brevini, A. Vanelli, A. Zecconi, and F. Gandolfi. "170 NATURALLY OCCURRING CHRONIC MASTITIS COMPROMISES FOLLICULOGENESIS, AFFECTS VASCULARIZATION, AND INTERACTS WITH DIFFERENTIATION FACTOR GDF-9 IN BOVINE OVARIAN STROMA." Reproduction, Fertility and Development 23, no. 1 (2011): 187. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/rdv23n1ab170.
Full textAbstract:
Recent studies have suggested an association between reproductive failure and mastitis in lactating dairy cows, but our understanding of how mastitis affects reproduction is still limited. In the present study we investigated the effects of naturally occurring chronic mastitis on the population dynamics of ovarian follicles. Ovaries and milk samples were collected from 74 cows at slaughter. Milk samples from each quarter, were analyzed following National Mastitis Council procedures. Based on the presence of major pathogens and somatic cell count results, animals were sorted in 9 groups, but only the 2 extremes were considered for further analysis: uninfected (n = 8) and affected by chronic mastitis (n = 9). Primordial, primary, and secondary follicles were counted and scored on similar surface area of ovary sections for each animal (mean ± SD = 5.65 ± 0.25 cm2). They were analyzed with Fisher’s exact test, and the association between health status and follicle number was estimated by odds ratios ± confidence limits. Vasculature area in the ovarian cortex of healthy and mastitic animals was identified using Bandeiraea simplicifolia-I lectin (BSL-I). Results were quantified with the dedicated software MacBiophotonics image J, NIH, USA, and subsequently analyzed with t-test for statistical significance. Follicles were further characterized by immunostaining with a GDF-9-specific antibody. The intensity of the staining was semi-quantified using a relative scale: 0, 1, and 2 for no, weak, and strong staining, respectively. Our results indicate no (P > 0.05) difference between the numbers of primordial and primary follicles in healthy and affected animals. In contrast, the number of secondary follicles was significantly lower in sick animals (odds ratio 10.50*; P < 0.05), indicating 10 times higher risk for a mastitic animal to have less than 2 secondary follicles per square centimeter. Ovarian stromal vasculature represented the 6.38 ± 0.66% of cortical area in healthy animals v. 4.24 ± 0.37% (P < 0.001) in affected cows. The GDF-9 immunostaining revealed decreased fluorescence intensity in mastitic animals. Our results show that chronic mastitis is associated with considerable alterations in follicle growth and differentiation with a decreased ability of primary follicles to develop into the secondary state in affected animals. This is accompanied by a significant decrease of ovarian vasculature and the down-regulation of the follicle differentiation-associated factor GDF. The present findings substantiate the hypothesis that mastitis can reduce fertility by exerting a negative effect on ovarian function.
33
Muhee, Amatul, Hamidullah Malik, Riyaz A. Bhat, Syed Taifa, Mehak N. B. Azad, and Waseem Rather. "Phagocytic activity and the phagocytic index of milk PMN’s as a marker for diagnosis and monitoring of the therapeutic and prophylactic efficacy of antioxidant formulation in bovine mastitis." Veterinarski arhiv 91, no. 3 (June 15, 2021): 227–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.24099/vet.arhiv.1108.
Full textAbstract:
A clinical study was undertaken on bovine mastitis in the Kashmir valley to study the relationship between Phagocytic activity (PA) and the phagocytic index (PI) of milk neutrophils (PMN’s) and bovine mastitis. The PA and PI of milk PMN’s were assessed in mastitic animals and compared with normal, healthy, lactating animals. A significant decrease was found in the values of the PA and PI of milk neutrophils in clinical cases of mastitis as compared to the healthy control group. The utility of anti-oxidants in clinical management of mastitis was measured through the response to treatment with trace minerals such as Cu, Zn, Mn and Se in addition to conventional antibiotic therapy. Two groups of mastitic animals received two therapeutic regimens. Group I animals received antibiotics (Enrofloxacin 6.6 mg/kg BID for 5 days) and a self-formulated trace mineral anti-oxidant mixture at therapeutic doses for 7 days, while Group II animals only received the antibiotic (at the same dose rate and frequency). Therapeutic regimen I proved more efficacious than the therapeutic regimen II in the treatment of clinical mastitis, as evidenced by higher recovery rates, a lower number of mean days required for recovery, and higher PA and PI of the milk PMN’s on day 10 post treatment. For prophylactic studies, 24 healthy lactating cows were divided into two groups of 12 animals each. One group was supplemented with a self-formulated trace mineral anti-oxidant mixture at prophylactic doses for 30 days, which resulted in a significant improvement in udder health status in terms of the SCC, PA and PI of milk PMN’s. Supplementation with the antioxidant formulation played a significant role in early recovery and prophylaxis of bovine mastitis. Assessment of PA and PI of milk PMN’s could be utilised as an effective tool for diagnosing susceptibility to the occurrence of mastitis, as well as monitoring the therapeutic efficacy of different treatment regimes.
34
Karim, Abdulkarim Jafar. "Study on blood gases, Acid-Base balance and the therapeutic evaluation of different protocol of treatment of mastitic cows." Iraqi Journal of Veterinary Medicine 29, no. 2 (December 31, 2005): 101–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.30539/iraqijvm.v29i2.856.
Full textAbstract:
This study was planned to reveal the changes in blood gases and acid-basevalues in mastitic cows and to state the intravenous fluid therapy regimentreatment. A herd with a population of 150 lactating cows was screened forclinical and subclinical mastitis for a period of 6 months. Based on inclusion andexclusion criteria, twenty-eight cows with clinical mastitis were divided in threegroups (mastitic not treated (group M), mastitic treated with antibiotic only(group TA) and mastitic treated with antibiotic and fluid therapy (group TAF)and another five healthy cows (group C) served as controls. Blood gases, SCC,CMT scores, udder health status and cure rate were carefully investigated. Therewas significant differences between PO2, PCO2, BE, and HCO3-concentration inmastitic cows. Increased pH, BE, and HCO3- referred to metabolic alkalosiswhereas increased PCO2 indicate compensatory respiratory acidosis. The resultsof SCC in milk agreed to CMT scores, and to some extent to udder health statusamong the entire period of study. Cure rate was earlier in group TAF with lessnumber of treatment than in group TA. It has been concluded from this studythat administration of fluid therapy might be useful as an adjunct in case ofclinical mastitis in cows to get quick clinical recovery with less number oftreatments. However, the role of blood gases and acid – base status in mastitisshould be investigated in details.
35
Chagunda, Mizeck GG, Torben Larsen, Martin Bjerring, and Klaus L. Ingvartsen. "L-lactate dehydrogenase and N-acetyl-β-D-glucosaminidase activities in bovine milk as indicators of non-specific mastitis." Journal of Dairy Research 73, no. 4 (July 7, 2006): 431–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022029906001956.
Full textAbstract:
Systematic factors affecting the activities of L-lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and N-acetyl-β-D-glucosaminidase (NAGase) and somatic cell count (SCC), the association between the activities of LDH and NAGase and SCC with respect to udder health status, and the ability of LDH and NAGase to classify cows in udder health categories for early detection of mastitis were studied. A dataset of records from 74 Danish Holstein, 76 Danish Red and 47 Jersey cows on one research farm was used. Cows were grouped into healthy and clinically mastitic. A healthy cow was defined as having no veterinary treatment and SCC<100000 cells/ml. A clinically infected cow was one receiving veterinary treatment after showing clinical signs of mastitis and SCC >800000 cells/ml. Breed, month of production, and days in milk significantly influenced (P<0·001) LDH activity, NAGase activity and SCC in both healthy and clinically mastitic cows. In healthy cows, LDH activity, NAGase activity and SCC started at a high level immediately after calving and decreased to low levels approximately 30–40 d post partum. All the three parameters increased due to clinical mastitis. NAGase activity had numerically higher variation in healthy cows than in clinically mastitic cows (CV=56·2% v. CV=53·5%). The relationship between LDH activity and SCC was stronger in milk from clinically mastitic than from healthy cows (r=0·76 v. r=0·48 and r=0·67 v. r=0·44 for correlation of observed values and residuals, respectively). LDH activity had higher sensitivity than NAGase activity (73–95% v. 35–77%) while specificities were in a similar range (92–99%). Further, sensitivities for LDH activity were more robust to changes in the threshold value than those for NAGase activity. Opportunities for automated, in-line real-time mastitis detection are discussed.
36
Zigo, F., S. Illia, Š. Halás, J. Arvaiová, M. Vargová, K. Veszelits Laktičová, and F. I. Rehan. "Detection of Some Virulence Factors in Staphylococci Isolated from Mastitic Cows and Ewes." Folia Veterinaria 66, no. 4 (December 1, 2022): 18–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/fv-2022-0034.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract About 150 million families around the world are engaged in milk production. However, inflammation of the mammary gland (mastitis) remains a major problem in dairy ruminants that affects the quality of milk worldwide. The aim of this study was the examination of udder health with detection of contagious and environmental pathogens causing mastitis in 960 and 940 dairy cows and ewes, respectively. The presence of selected virulence factors such as: the formation of haemolysis, gelatinase, biofilm, hydrolyse DNA, and resistance to antibiotics with detection of methicillin resistance gene (mecA), were determined in selected virulence factors associated with isolated staphylococci. These isolated staphylococci with selected virulence factors can have untoward effects on the severity of mastitis. The results of our study indicated that, in addition to the major udder pathogens (S. aureus, S. uberis, and S. agalactiae) causing mastitis, non-aureus staphylococci (NAS), is a major risk to dairy cows and ewes. NAS, such as S. chromogenes, S. warneri, and S. xylosus isolated from infected animals with clinical and chronic mastitis, had the highest representation of virulence factors in comparison to less virulent strains. In addition, the isolates of S. aureus and NAS demonstrated 77.0 % and 44.2 % resistance to one or more antimicrobial classes from mastitic milk samples obtained from dairy cows and ewes, respectively. Due to the high resistance to β-lactamantibiotics in two isolates of S. aureus and two species of NAS isolated from cows’ mastitic milk samples, the presence of a methicillin-resistant gene mecA poses serious complications for the treatment and a serious health risk to milk consumers.
37
Al-kuzaay, Gh K. A., and Q. H. Kshash. "Streptococcus agalactiae mastitis of bovine detection by Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) test in AL-Diwanyia province." Al-Qadisiyah Journal of Veterinary Medicine Sciences 12, no. 2 (December 30, 2013): 101. http://dx.doi.org/10.29079/vol12iss2art263.
Full textAbstract:
This study was conducted for exam 348 milk samples from (clinically mastitic and other healthy cows) in many areas in AL-Diwanyia province by using CMT and bacteriological testing , which appeared that (64.9%) as percentage of mastitis ( clinically 15.9% , subclinically 84.0% ) Streptococcus agalactiae mastitis 13.2% ( 26.6% clinically , 73.3 % subclinicaly) diagnose by PCR assay by using specific primer (16SrRNA). Streptococcus agalactiae (30 isolates) after classical methods applied for streptococcus agalactiae identification (86 isolates).
38
Arney, D. R., H. J. Lindsay, S. Bogoro, and C. J. C. Phillips. "A simulation of the effects of changes in the Na and K content of milk during mastitis on the growth of Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus uberis and Escherichia coli." Proceedings of the British Society of Animal Science 1998 (1998): 11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s175275620059663x.
Full textAbstract:
In a mastitic event damage to the epithelial tissue of the mammary gland, and in particular an increase in paracellular permeability allows sodium to enter the milk from the blood (Schaar and Funke, 1986). Normally there is a stepwise gradient of declining sodium concentration from the interstitial fluid to the epithelial cells to the milk (Berga and Neville, 1985). Milk potassium content is reduced in milk of cows with mastitis, but the proportional change is less than that of sodium (Wegner and Stull, 1978). An experiment was conducted to investigate the response of three mastitis pathogens to the changes in sodium and potassium concentrations in their growth media that are typical of the changes occurring during a mastitic event.
39
Arney, D. R., H. J. Lindsay, S. Bogoro, and C. J. C. Phillips. "A simulation of the effects of changes in the Na and K content of milk during mastitis on the growth ofStaphylococcus aureus,Streptococcus uberisandEscherichia coli." Proceedings of the British Society of Animal Science 1998 (1998): 11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0308229600032244.
Full textAbstract:
In a mastitic event damage to the epithelial tissue of the mammary gland, and in particular an increase in paracellular permeability allows sodium to enter the milk from the blood (Schaar and Funke, 1986). Normally there is a stepwise gradient of declining sodium concentration from the interstitial fluid to the epithelial cells to the milk (Berga and Neville, 1985). Milk potassium content is reduced in milk of cows with mastitis, but the proportional change is less than that of sodium (Wegner and Stull, 1978). An experiment was conducted to investigate the response of three mastitis pathogens to the changes in sodium and potassium concentrations in their growth media that are typical of the changes occurring during a mastitic event.
40
Begum, MIA, MS Hossain, M. Ershaduzzaman, and MS Alam. "Epidemiological studies on subclinical mastitis in dairy goats in northern regions of Bangladesh." Bangladesh Journal of Livestock Research 19, no. 1-2 (January 21, 2016): 112–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjlr.v19i1-2.26433.
Full textAbstract:
A cross sectional study was carried out from June, 2008 to December, 2010 to estimate the prevalence of subclinical mastitis and to determine the responsible bacterial pathogens in lactating dairy goats in northern districts of Bangladesh. A total of 292 goats and 584 udder halves milk samples were screened using California Mastitis Test (CMT). Prevalence of subclinical mastitis at goat level was 56.2% (164/292), and in udder half level it was 33.9% (198/584). The subclinical mastitis prevalence at goat level was high (71.6%) in Jamnapari goats as compared to Black Bengal goats (50.2%), whereas at the udder half level, subclinical mastitis prevalence was 45.1% and 29.6% in Jamnapari and Black Bengal goats, respectively. The pathogens isolated from subclinical mastitic milk samples were coagulase negative Staphylococci, Coliforms, Streptococcus spp., Staphylococcus aureus, Micrococcus spp., Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Bacillus cereus. Among these, the most frequent isolates were coagulase negative Staphylococci (28.8%), Coliforms (22.7%) and Streptococcus spp (15.2%). Out of four potential host related risk factors considered, litter size and body condition of goats were found to influence the prevalence rate of subclinical mastitis in goat significantly (p< 0.05). On the other hand, the subclinical mastitis was very significantly (p=0.0001) associated with the housing system of goats, i.e., goats reared in raised floor had a low subclinical mastitis infection rate (35.8%) as compared to reared in earth floor (62.2%). Antibiogram studies were also performed for the bacterial isolates and Gentamicin was found to be the most effective drug.Bangladesh J. of Livestock Res. 19(1-2): 112-122, Jan-Dec 2012
41
Naserkheil, Masoumeh, Farzad Ghafouri, Sonia Zakizadeh, Nasrollah Pirany, Zeinab Manzari, Sholeh Ghorbani, Mohammad Hossein Banabazi, et al. "Multi-Omics Integration and Network Analysis Reveal Potential Hub Genes and Genetic Mechanisms Regulating Bovine Mastitis." Current Issues in Molecular Biology 44, no. 1 (January 11, 2022): 309–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cimb44010023.
Full textAbstract:
Mastitis, inflammation of the mammary gland, is the most prevalent disease in dairy cattle that has a potential impact on profitability and animal welfare. Specifically designed multi-omics studies can be used to prioritize candidate genes and identify biomarkers and the molecular mechanisms underlying mastitis in dairy cattle. Hence, the present study aimed to explore the genetic basis of bovine mastitis by integrating microarray and RNA-Seq data containing healthy and mastitic samples in comparative transcriptome analysis with the results of published genome-wide association studies (GWAS) using a literature mining approach. The integration of different information sources resulted in the identification of 33 common and relevant genes associated with bovine mastitis. Among these, seven genes—CXCR1, HCK, IL1RN, MMP9, S100A9, GRO1, and SOCS3—were identified as the hub genes (highly connected genes) for mastitis susceptibility and resistance, and were subjected to protein-protein interaction (PPI) network and gene regulatory network construction. Gene ontology annotation and enrichment analysis revealed 23, 7, and 4 GO terms related to mastitis in the biological process, molecular function, and cellular component categories, respectively. Moreover, the main metabolic-signalling pathways responsible for the regulation of immune or inflammatory responses were significantly enriched in cytokine–cytokine-receptor interaction, the IL-17 signaling pathway, viral protein interaction with cytokines and cytokine receptors, and the chemokine signaling pathway. Consequently, the identification of these genes, pathways, and their respective functions could contribute to a better understanding of the genetics and mechanisms regulating mastitis and can be considered a starting point for future studies on bovine mastitis.
42
Garba, Bashiru, S. A. Habibullah, Bashir Saidu, and Nasiru Suleiman. "Effect of mastitis on some hematological and biochemical parameters of Red Sokoto goats." Veterinary World 12, no. 4 (April 2019): 572–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.14202/vetworld.2019.572-577.
Full textAbstract:
Aim: This research project investigates the effect of mastitis on some hematological and biochemical parameters of Red Sokoto goats (RSGs). Materials and Methods: In this investigation, 16 clinically and subclinically diagnosed mastitic and 20 non-mastitic RSGs, within Sokoto metropolis, were sampled. Blood samples were collected both in ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid and anticoagulant free sample bottles for hematology and biochemical analysis, respectively. Results: A statistical analysis of the results revealed no significant difference in all the hematological parameters analyzed for both the mastitic and non-mastitic goats except mean corpuscular hemoglobin where significant difference (p<0.05) was observed. Similarly, no significant difference was recorded in the serum biochemistry except for the increase in total protein (p<0.001), globulin (p<0.05), and alanine aminotransferase activity (p<0.05). Conclusion: This finding is a pointer to the fact that mastitis could be regarded as a localized problem affecting the udder without serious systemic or metabolic involvement in RSGs.
43
Morwal, Sandhya, AP Singh, SK Sharma, and Deepika Goklaney. "Antimicrobial Study of Clinical Mastitic Milk Samples of Cows in and Around Bikaner." INDIAN JOURNAL OF VETERINARY SCIENCES AND BIOTECHNOLOGY 15, no. 02 (November 25, 2019): 74–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.21887/ijvsbt.15.2.20.
Full textAbstract:
Mastitis, an inflammatory condition of the mammary gland, is one of the most economically important diseases of dairy herds. This disease is more prevalent in high yielding dairy cattle. It is caused due to colonization of pathogenic bacteria causing series of events that lead to major alteration in the mammary tissues and composition of milk secreted from the tissue cells (Batavani et al., 2007; Goel et al., 2008). Clinical mastitis is recognized by abnormal milk, varying degree of mammary gland inflammation (redness, heat, swelling and pain) with or without illness of the cow. Mastitis in dairy animals leads to heavy economic losses due to reduction in milk production, altered composition, and cost of treatment of affected animals. The clinical mastitis in different cases can be identified by external symptoms such as udder swelling, touch, pain, redness and hardness of the udder. The objective of the present study was to assess the sensitivity of bacterial isolates from mastitic milk samples of cows to some selected antibiotics.
44
Buragohain, Rinku, Tapas K. Sar, Ujjwal Biswas, Indranil Samanta, and Tapan K. Mandal. "Pharmacokinetics and Efficacy of Ceftriaxone in Staphylococcal Mastitis in Crossbred Cows Following Single Intravenous Administration." Current Drug Metabolism 22, no. 5 (July 15, 2021): 383–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1389200222666210210113641.
Full textAbstract:
Background: Clinical mastitis is an important production disease of dairy animals, causing significant economic losses. Objective: Disposition kinetics of ceftriaxone was conducted in healthy lactating and staphylococcal mastitic crossbred cows in field condition following single-dose intravenous administration of only ceftriaxone. Methods: A single dose of ceftriaxone at 20 mg kg-1 body weight was administered intravenously through jugular vein to six clinically healthy and six mastitic crossbred cows after proper diagnosis and three mastitic cows remained untreated (positive control). Blood and milk samples were collected at 0 (pre-dosing), 5, 15, 30 min, and 1, 24, 48, 72, 96 and 120 h post drug administration and analyzed for ceftriaxone and its active metabolite (ceftizoxime) by high-performance liquid chromatography. Results: Ceftriaxone achieved a peak mean plasma concentration of 131.67±1.83 μg mL-1 at 5 min, which decreased sharply until 1 h (35.56±0.44 μg mL-1) and was below detection limit at 24 h post drug administration in mastitic crossbred cows. On the other hand, ceftizoxime (active metabolite of ceftriaxone) achieved a peak level of 55.42±3.34 μg mL-1 at 72 h and could not be detected at 120 h post drug administration in the milk of those mastitic crossbred cows. The Staphylococcus aureus colony count in mastitic crossbred cows was 49.33±6.55 × 105 c.f.u./mL and the lowest colony count was achieved at 72 h with no colony at 120 h post drug administration. All the staphylococcal mastitis affected crossbred cows were cured on day 5. Conclusion: Ceftriaxone may prove to be effective in the treatment of staphylococcal mastitis in crossbred cows following single-dose intravenous administration at 20 mg kg-1 body weight.
45
M, Bisrat. "Incidence and Associated Risk Actors of Heifer Mastitis in Dairy Farms at Mekelle Town, Northern Ethiopia." Open Access Journal of Veterinary Science & Research 4, no. 2 (2019): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.23880/oajvsr-16000176.
Full textAbstract:
A longitudinal study was conducted from November 2013 to May 2014 in Mekelle town, Northern Ethiopia, to assess the incidence of heifer mastitis, to isolate and identify the causative pathogens and their susceptibility to different antimicrobials and also identify risk factors associated with occurrence of heifer mastitis. Twenty - five heifers were included from 4 d airy farms and 11 cooperative small holder’s dairy farms during the study period. Total of 100 quarters were examined to detect clinical and subclinical mastitis by physical examinations of udder and milk and California mastitis Test (CMT), respectively. T he incidence of mastitis per gland at risk was 64 % and the spontaneous cure rate of infected quarters was 33 %. Incidence of heifers’ intra - mammary infections (IMI) in the study area was highest at calving (28%). Infection per quarter revealed that 49% we re mastitis positive of which 8.2% of their quarters were clinical and 45/49 (91.8%) quarters were sub clinical type of mastitis. The incidence rate per quarters were statistically significant (p <0.05) and higher in rear quarters than front quarters. The univariate logistic regression showed that among potential risk factors considered from the farm attributes, breed, age, practice of milking mastitic cow last, housing nature, hand wash before and in between milking and udder hygiene had significant effect on the prevalence of subclinical mastitis. Coagulase negative Staphylococci (CNS) (54.5%) and Staphylococcus aureus (21.8%) , were the predominant bacteria. Relatively most of the isolates are susceptible to Chloramphenicol, Gentamycin, Ciprofloxacin and V ancomycin but resistant to Penicillin. The study also revealed that S.aureus, E.coli and S.agalactiae were highly incident at calving. It is concluded that prevalence of CNS, lack of hygienic practice and infestation of ticks should give serious attention.Intramammary treatment of prepartum heifer with appropriate antimicrobials may help to reduce the incidence of mastitis at calving and subsequent lactation period.
46
Ateya, Ahmed, Fatmah A. Safhi, Huda El-Emam, Marawan A. Marawan, Hayat Fayed, Amgad Kadah, Maha Mamdouh, et al. "Combining Nucleotide Sequence Variants and Transcript Levels of Immune and Antioxidant Markers for Selection and Improvement of Mastitis Resistance in Dromedary Camels." Agriculture 13, no. 10 (September 28, 2023): 1909. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agriculture13101909.
Full textAbstract:
The immune and antioxidant genetic factors that could converse with mastitis susceptibility in dromedary camels were looked at in this research. Of 120 female dromedary camels (60 healthy, and 60 with mastitis) were utilised. Each camel's jugular vein was pierced to obtain five millilitres of blood. The blood was placed within tubes containing sodium fluoride or EDTA anticoagulants to obtain whole blood and extract DNA and RNA. The immunological (OTUD3, TLR2, TLR4, STAB2, MBL2, TRAPPC9, and C4A) and antioxidant (CAT, SOD3, PRDX6, OXSR1, NDUFS6, SERP2, and ST1P1) genes' nucleotide sequence polymorphisms between healthy and mastitis affected she-camels were discovered using PCR-DNA sequencing. Fisher's exact test revealed that camel groups with and without mastitis had noticeably different odds of all major nucleotide alterations propagating (p < 0.01). Mastitic camels were significantly more likely to express the OTUD3, TLR2, TLR4, STAB2, MBL2, TRAPPC9, C4A, OXSR1, SERP2, and ST1P1 genes (p < 0.05). However, CAT, SOD3, PRDX6, and NDUFS6 genes elicited a different pattern. The results may be used to develop management strategies and support the significance of nucleotide differences and gene expression patterns in these markers as indicators of the incidence of mastitis.
47
Samara, Emad M., Moez Ayadi, and Riyadh S. Aljumaah. "Feasibility of utilising an infrared-thermographic technique for early detection of subclinical mastitis in dairy camels (Camelus dromedarius)." Journal of Dairy Research 81, no. 1 (December 13, 2013): 38–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022029913000605.
Full textAbstract:
Despite the proven ability of infrared thermography (IRT) technology for early detection of subclinical mastitis in dairy cows/sheep/goats, studies on its diagnostic feasibility in dairy camels are lacking. Sixty-five lactating camels in mid lactation, machine milked twice-daily and managed under intensive conditions were screened to evaluate the feasibility of utilising IRT compared with other routine indicators in detecting subclinical mastitis. Immediately before the morning milking, a portable infrared camera was used to obtain thermograms in duplicate for the front and rear left quarters to determine the udder surface temperature (UST). Thereafter, milk samples from quarters were collected, and processed for California mastitis test (CMT) score and somatic cell count (SCC). In the present study, CMT score was used to define subclinical mastitis and the feasibility of IRT to detect subclinical mastitis was compared with CMT and SCC. According to CMT score, subclinical mastitic udders had an average UST of 1·42 °C greater (P<0·0001) than healthy udders. The relationship between UST and CMT was found to be highly correlated (r=0·77; P<0·001), and UST was linearly increased as the CMT increased [UST (°C)=34·86+0·66×CMT score; R2=0·65; P<0·001]. Additionally, high correlations were obtained between UST and SCC score (r=0·75; P<0·001) and the relationship between UST and SCC was fitted best to a logarithmic equation [UST, °C=33·39+0·88×Log (SCC, ×103 cells/ml), R2=0·61, P<0·001]. The cut-off value, sensitivity, specificity and area under the receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curve for UST were 35·15 °C, 0·90, 0·98, and 0·95, respectively, when subclinical mastitis was defined according to CMT score, and were 35·70 °C, 0·89, 0·96 and 0·94, respectively, when categorised according to the obtained SCC threshold (SCC=432 000 cells/ml). In conclusion, IRT, as an indirect non-invasive screening method, was highly feasible for distinguishing subclinical mastitic udders in dairy camels, which is crucial to treat mastitis early and efficiently.
48
Sunirah, Sunirah, Umi Solekah, and Rini Herdiani. "Hubungan Teknik Menyusui dengan Kejadian Mastitis Pada Ibu Nifas di Klinik Abi Ummi DW Sarmadi Palembang." JURNAL KESEHATAN TERAPAN 11, no. 1 (February 8, 2024): 41–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.54816/jk.v11i1.751.
Full textAbstract:
Teknik menyusui merupakan cara menyusui sesuai dengan standar kesehatan yang tidak menimbulkan efek samping dan juga bermanfaat. Tujuan Penelitian untuk mengetahui Hubungan Teknik Menyusui Dengan Kejadian Mastitis Pada Ibu Nifas Di Klinik Abi Ummi DW Sarmadi Palembang. Populasi yang diambil dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh Ibu Nifas. Sampel dalam penelitian ini sebesar 20 ibu. Penelitian telah di laksanakan pada tanggal 01-31 Agustus 2022. Jenis Penelitian ini adalah bersifat survey analitik dengan metode pendekatan cross sectional. Teknik pengambilan sampel dalam penelitian ini menggunakan teknik Accidental Sampling. Hasil analisa bivariat ibu nifas yang melakukan teknik menyusui yang benar dengan kejadian mastits 1 orang (8,3%), teknik menyusui yang benar dengan tidak terjadi mastitis 11 orang (91,7%) sedangkan ibu nifas yang melakukan teknik menyusui yang salah dengan kejadian mastitis 2 orang (25%), teknik menyusui yang salah dengan kejadian tidak terjadi mastitis 6 orang (75%). Hasil uji statistic chi-square diperoleh p_value 0,701 > 0,05 yang berarti secara statistik tidak ada hubungan teknik menyusui dengan kejadian mastitis di Klinik Abi Ummi DW Sarmadi Palembang. Diharapkan untuk peneliti yang lain selanjutnya bisa menggunakan metode dan uji yang berbeda serta memperbanyak sampel penelitian.
49
Horiuk, Y. "Therapeutic efficacy of bacteriophage drug Fagomast in clinical mastitis of cows." Scientific Messenger of LNU of Veterinary Medicine and Biotechnologies 24, no. 105 (May 4, 2022): 89–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.32718/nvlvet10513.
Full textAbstract:
Phage therapy is an effective and safe way to treat infectious diseases caused by various types of bacteria, including mastitis in cows. However, the number of in vivo studies on phages to treat cattle with staphylococcal mastitis is relatively low. This study aimed to evaluate the therapeutic efficacy of the bacteriophage drug Fagomast in treating cows with staphylococcal mastitis in its clinical manifestation and compare the results with commercial antimastitis drugs based on antibiotics. For this purpose, groups of cows with signs of clinical mastitis caused by S. aureus were formed. Cows of the experimental group were administered intracisternal bacteriophage drug Fagomast, and animals of the control group were used drugs based on antibiotics. Cows were considered healthy in the disappearance of clinical manifestations of the disease and adverse reactions in mastidin test. According to the research results, it is established that the effectiveness of therapy in the clinical form of staphylococcal mastitis with the use of intra-tank antimastitis drugs based on antibiotics is from 66.7 to 100 %, and with the help of bacteriophage drug Fagomast – 71.4 %. The period during which the rejection of milk during the treatment of clinical mastitis drug Fagomast was 1.5 times less than in treating such mastitis drugs containing antibiotics. Thus, the drug Fagomast is generally not inferior to traditional treatment methods with antibiotics. Therefore, the use of Fagomast in treating staphylococcal mastitis is relevant and promising.
50
Veiga de Almeida, Patrícia, Adelino Cunha Neto, Eduardo Eustáquio De Souza Figueiredo, and Ricardo César Tavares Carvalho. "Micro-organismos Isolados de Mastite Bovina e em Leite Cru no Brasil." UNICIÊNCIAS 24, no. 1 (February 11, 2021): 58–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.17921/1415-5141.2020v24n1p58-64.
Full textAbstract:
O presente artigo objetivou buscar, organizar e descrever informações sobre micro-organismos causadores de mastite e frequentemente encontrados no leite cru. Buscou-se artigos publicados de 2009 a 2019, nas bases de dados Scielo, Medline e Google acadêmico, utilizando as seguintes palavras-chaves: “mastite”, “bovinos”, “micro-organismos”, “leite cru” e “Brasil”. Após a busca, foram encontrados 46 artigos sobre mastite, dos quais 16 foram selecionados. Já sobre o leite cru, foram encontrados 82 artigos e 11 artigos foram selecionados para revisão. Os 16 artigos selecionados sobre mastite realizaram a detecção de 7 grupos, 1 famílias, 13 gêneros e 19 espécies distintas de micro-organismos caracterizados como agentes causadores de mastite bovina em diferentes regiões do Brasil. O gênero Streptococcus spp. e as espécies S. agalactiae, S. uberis foram descritos com maior frequência como agentes causadores de mastite, seguida pelo gênero Staphylococcus spp. e seus grupos (coagulase positiva e negativa), bem como a espécie S. aureus, gênero Enterococcus spp., além do gênero Corynebacterium spp. e Escherichia coli. Nos 11 artigos que abordavam sobre leite cru, Staphylococcus coagulase positiva, Staphylococcus spp. e S. aureus, além da espécie Escherichia coli foram detectados com elevada frequência. Na avaliação da mastite e do leite visualiza-se o predomínio do gênero Staphylococcus spp., Streptococcus spp, bem como outras espécies, tais como Escherichia coli, o que reforça a necessidade de monitoramento constante da saúde das glândulas dos animais, do manejo, da ordenha e do acondicionamento do leite obtido, assegurando assim, um produto saudável ao consumidor final do leite e seus derivados.
Palavras-chave: Inflamação dos Tetos de Bovinos. Mastite Bovina. Qualidade Microbiológica do Leite.
Abstract
This article aimed to search, organize and describe information about microorganisms that cause mastitis and are often found in raw milk. We searched for articles published from 2009 to 2019, in the Scielo, Medline and Google academic databases, using in this investigation in the databases the following keywords: “mastitis”, “bovines”, “microorganisms”, “milk raw ”and“ Brazil ”. After the search, 46 articles on mastitis were found, of which 16 were selected. As for raw milk, 82 articles were found and 11 articles were selected for review. The 16 selected articles on mastitis detected 7 groups, 1 families, 13 genera and 19 distinct species of microorganisms characterized as causative agents of bovine mastitis in different regions of Brazil. The genus Streptococcus spp. and the species S. agalactiae, S. uberis were more frequently described as agents that cause mastitis, followed by the genus Staphylococcus spp. and its groups (positive and negative coagulase), as well as the species S. aureus, genus Enterococcus spp., in addition to the genus Corynebacterium spp. and Escherichia coli. In the 11 articles that addressed raw milk, Staphylococcus coagulase positive, Staphylococcus spp. and S. aureus, in addition to the species Escherichia coli, were detected with high frequency. In the evaluation of mastitis and milk, the predominance of the genus Staphylococcus spp., Streptococcus spp, as well as other species, such as Escherichia coli, can be seen, which reinforces the need for constant monitoring of the health of animal glands, management, milking and conditioning the milk obtained, thus ensuring a healthy product for the final consumer of milk and milk products.
Keywords: Inflammation of Cattle Ceilings. Bovine Mastitis. Microbiological Quality of Milk.