Journal articles on the topic 'Mass media – Germany – History'
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1
Ignatova, Irina, and Elena Zubarkina. "Media Criticism in Germany: History and Theory." Theoretical and Practical Issues of Journalism 8, no. 3 (July 16, 2019): 512–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.17150/2308-6203.2019.8(3).512-523.
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The article is dedicated to the study of the history and theory of media criticism in Germany and the importance of the phenomenon of media criticism for the development and successful functioning of the mass media in German-speaking countries. The theoretical preconditions for the development of media criticism in Germany and its historical stages play an important role in understanding the modern institution of media criticism and the mechanisms of its impact on the recipient. Media criticism has existed since the media themselves appeared, and the existence and emergence of new media is always accompanied by positive or negative feedback on them. The development of the media inevitably leads to their criticism. The article considers media criticism as a global criticism of the media and as a study of individual specific phenomena in the media environment. The estimated role of media criticism is recognized by German-speaking researchers as one of the main functions. And it must be understood that media criticism provides an opportunity for a reasoned discussion about the media, without which neither the existence of the media, nor indeed the society as a whole is possible. Media criticism generates an open discussion and thereby contributes to the enlightenment of society. To some extent, setting norms and standards for the quality of journalism, it forms ethical boundaries of communication, both for journalists and for the audience. The stages of development of media criticism in Germany, described in the article, cover the period from the late 1980s to the present. The main subsystems of mass media are considered: television media criticism, media criticism on the radio, in print media, media criticism in the Internet space. Thanks to this, we get a full picture of the formation and development of media criticism in Germany.
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McLellan, J. "Mass Media, Culture and Society in Twentieth Century Germany." German History 26, no. 4 (October 1, 2008): 598–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/gerhis/ghn070.
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Kosnick, Kira. "Ethnicizing the Media: Multicultural Imperatives, Homebound Politics, and Turkish Media Production in Germany." New Perspectives on Turkey 29 (2003): 107–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0896634600006130.
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The past fifteen years have witnessed a veritable explosion of mass media productions aimed at immigrant populations in Germany. Facilitated by new communication technologies, television channels and radio stations from former “home countries” and elsewhere have become available to immigrants via satellite and the internet. Daily newspapers produced in Ankara, Belgrade, or Warsaw can be bought at German newspaper stands. There has also been a proliferation of mass media venues created locally, by and for immigrants themselves, and nowhere is this landscape of immigrant media more evolved than in the case of Turkish-language media in Berlin.
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Schmalz, Tatjana. "Zur medialen Integration russlanddeutscher (Spät-)Aussiedler nach dem Fall Lisa und ihrer Mediendarstellung bis zur Bundestagswahl 2017." Zeitschrift für Slawistik 64, no. 3 (August 6, 2019): 445–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/slaw-2019-0024.
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Summary The majority of German Russians, who had settled in Germany in the 1990 s, were long considered conformist up to January 2016 where Russian media services and officials exploited the criminal case of Lisa F. in Berlin. A few right wing AfD party activists gathered several thousand Russian speakers to protest against the German refugee policy. Even though the activist’s mobilizing narrative can easily be deconstructed as a political myth with little consensus within the German Russian population, German mass media have since generalized this heterogeneous group as troublemakers with divided loyalties and as a potential threat to the federal elections of 2017. Although German Russian lobby organisations heavily criticised these mass media representations, they are likely to stand the chance of finally establishing their migration history as a part of general knowledge.
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Ross, C. "Writing the Media into History: Recent Works on the History of Mass Communications in Germany." German History 26, no. 2 (April 1, 2008): 299–313. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/gerhis/ghn022.
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KÜHNE, THOMAS. "Great Men and Large Numbers: Undertheorising a History of Mass Killing." Contemporary European History 21, no. 2 (March 29, 2012): 133–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0960777312000070.
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Scholarship is not only about gaining new insights or establishing accurate knowledge but also about struggling for political impact and for market shares – shares of public or private funds, of academic jobs, of quotations by peers, and of media performances. Timothy Snyder's Bloodlands fights for recentring contemporary European history.1 No longer, his new book implies, should the centre of that history be Germany, which initiated two world wars and engaged with three genocides; even less should the centre be Western Europe, which historians for long have glorified as the trendsetter of modernity; and the Soviet Union, or Russia, does not qualify as ‘centre’ anyway. Introducing ‘to European history its central event’ (p. 380) means to focus on the eastern territories of Europe, the lands between Germany and Russia, which, according to Snyder, suffered more than any other part from systematic, politically motivated, mass murder in the twentieth century. The superior victimhood of the ‘bloodlands’ is a numerical one. Fourteen million people, Jewish and non-Jewish, in the territories of what is today most of Poland, the Ukraine, Belarus, western Russia, and the Baltic States did not become just casualties of war but victims of deliberate mass murder. Indeed, this is ‘a very large number’ (p. 411), one that stands many comparisons: ten million people perished in Soviet and German concentration camps (as opposed to the Nazi death camps, which were located within the ‘bloodlands’), 165,000 German Jews died during the Holocaust (p. ix), and even the number of war casualties most single countries or territories counted in the Second World War was smaller.
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Nebesnyuk, U. A. "THE HISTORY OF A CALENDAR AS A CUMULATIVE TEXT OF MASS MEDIA IN THE ETHNIC CULTURE OF GERMANY." Bulletin of Udmurt University. Series History and Philology 29, no. 6 (December 25, 2019): 976–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.35634/2412-9534-2019-29-6-976-981.
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The article presents the analysis of composition, forms and functions of a calendar as a cumulative text of mass media in the ethnic culture of Germany from the mid-fifteenth until the early nineteenth century. It was revealed that, in connection with the growing role of narrative entertainment part since the 10s of the nineteenth century and the politicization of social consciousness during the great French Revolution, the calendar as a truly national medium of information has been undergone literarization, having lost its original meaning. Calendar stories have formed an independent literary genre which had received the name «Kalendergeschichte» in German tradition.
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Rensmann, L. "Holocaust Memory and Mass Media in Contemporary Germany: Reflections on the Goldhagen Debate." Patterns of Prejudice 33, no. 1 (January 1999): 59–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/003132299128810498.
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Griebel, Tim, and Erik Vollmann. "We can(’t) do this." Journal of Language and Politics 18, no. 5 (August 2, 2019): 671–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/jlp.19006.gri.
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Abstract Migration has been a defining topic in the discourse in Germany since the so-called “refugee crisis” in 2015. This corpus-assisted critical discourse analysis systematically reconstructs the discourse about migration in two influential German newspapers, thereby emphasizing the construction of different subject positions for people migrating to Germany. Mass media are an important arena for the fight for hegemony between discursive coalitions of culturalization regimes that are based on openness and closure respectively. The discursive space of the German discourse about migration offers multiple opportunities in this regard. In the left-leaning taz, we detect a general trend to support an open society although some (but often contested) elements of closure are detected in this medium as well. Die Welt leans much more towards closure and the problematization of migration although it also offers a diverse array of interpellations that depend on the usefulness or threating character of people coming to Germany.
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van Waarden, Betto. "A Colonial Celebrity in the New Attention Economy: Cecil Rhodes’s Cape-to-Cairo Telegraph and Railway Negotiations in 1899." English Historical Review 136, no. 582 (October 1, 2021): 1193–223. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ehr/ceab327.
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Abstract In 1899, the British colonialist Cecil Rhodes went to Berlin to negotiate about his fantastical ‘Cape-to-Cairo’ telegraph and railway scheme with his former nemesis, the German emperor Wilhelm II. Why did this initiative of Rhodes, who was held responsible for the disastrous Jameson Raid and no longer occupied any official position, receive so much coverage and legitimacy in the international press? Despite the vast scholarship on Rhodes, there is strikingly little analysis of these negotiations, considering that they were hailed as marking the rehabilitation of Rhodes and the troubled Anglo-German relationship, signalled that Germany would not support the Boers in their conflict with Britain, and led to Germany’s inclusion in the prestigious Rhodes Scholarships scheme. This article analyses the reporting of the negotiations and shows that Rhodes overshadowed other political figures in the competitive ‘attention economy’ of the emerging mass press. Building on the notion of ‘celebrity politics’, it argues that the press attention for him resulted from three interconnected logics: a political logic of agenda-setting and ideological loyalties, a journalistic logic in which scarce access to Rhodes fostered his mythologising, and a mass media logic that increasingly superseded ideological divides. This mass media logic dictated a focus on Rhodes’s personal narrative (infused with literary and colonial themes), personifying politics, and performing these politics in a novel business-like style. This press attention gained Rhodes informal power and shows how, by the end of the nineteenth century, successful politics required the new ability of political figures to attract and leverage media attention. Moreover, it constituted the precondition for the growing cult of Rhodes in the twentieth century, and the subsequent criticism of this cult and its representation of racism in recent times.
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Jones, Mark. "Media and the Making of Modern Germany: Mass Communications, Society and Politics from the Empire to the Third Reich." European Review of History: Revue europeenne d'histoire 17, no. 6 (December 2010): 913–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13507486.2010.534883.
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Roth-Cohen, Osnat. "Immigration Builds a Nation: The Hybrid Impact of European Immigration on the Development of an Advertising Industry." Journal of Communication Inquiry 42, no. 4 (August 15, 2018): 359–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0196859918792207.
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This research focuses on the nascent advertising industry in British Mandatory Palestine and how it was influenced and transformed by German Jewish immigrants, who arrived between 1933 and 1939, in a wave of immigration known as the Fifth Aliyah. At the time, local advertising was rather small and undeveloped until the mass wave of immigrants (over 200,000), many highly skilled and educated, came from Central Europe, mainly from Germany. These immigrants played a vital role in the local advertising industry. Their contributions were evaluated using a theoretical model consisting of primary analytical factors—mass communication, economy, technology, society, and international transfer. These factors influenced and continue to influence the form of Israeli advertising industry to this day. German immigration demonstrates a hybrid set of influences that played an instrumental role in the development of the local advertising industry in the Land of Israel. Functional-rational and creative aspects in the advertising industry were radically transformed by these new arrivals. Rethinking media history and centering the immigrant’s unique contribution is an important scholarly objective. This is achieved by shifting the discussion from dominant institutions to the local advertising history and focusing on the functional practices and creative methods imported by immigrants.
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VON HODENBERG, CHRISTINA. "Mass Media and the Generation of Conflict: West Germany's Long Sixties and the Formation of a Critical Public Sphere." Contemporary European History 15, no. 3 (July 19, 2006): 367–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0960777306003377.
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From the 1950s to 1970s the West German public sphere underwent a rapid politicisation which was part of the ongoing socio-cultural democratisation of the Federal Republic. This article examines the role of the mass media and journalistic elites in bringing about this change. It analyses how and when political coverage in the media evolved from an instrument of consensus to a forum of conflict. Arguing that generational shifts in journalism were crucial to this process, two generations, termed the ‘45ers’ and the ‘68ers’, are described in regard to their professional ethos and their attitudes toward democracy, mass culture, German traditions and Western models.
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SAUNDERS, ANNA. "Media and the Making of Modern Germany: Mass Communications, Society, and Politics from the Empire to the Third Reich - By Corey Ross." History 94, no. 316 (October 2009): 544–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-229x.2009.00468_39.x.
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Cincotta, Natalie R. "Ideal Men and Dream Women: Computer Matchmaking in twen during the West German Sex Wave, 1967–1970." German History 40, no. 1 (January 15, 2022): 107–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/gerhis/ghab089.
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Abstract Between 1967 and 1970, the West German youth magazine twen embarked on an ambitious experiment to match young heterosexual pairs using computer programming. Named Rendezvous, the program emerged during a moment of particular promise and transformation in West German history. The so-called ‘sex wave’, an emphasis on self-discovery and the reconfiguration of social relationships, had produced both new possibilities and pressures for how young West Germans should ‘get to know’ each other and what they should find meaningful in their romantic relationships. Rendezvous promised to take the guesswork and disappointment out of finding an ideal partner through a rational, scientific assessment of habits, attitudes and desires. This article uses Rendezvous as a lens to examine early interactions between technology, media cultures and value change long before the internet age. Through an analysis of questionnaires, first-person accounts and photo reports, the article argues that Rendezvous evidences the centrality of mass media to the reorganization of courting and romance around notions of personal fulfillment and self-discovery during the late 1960s.
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Schülting, Sabine. "‘Imagined communities’." Cahiers Élisabéthains: A Journal of English Renaissance Studies 96, no. 1 (March 5, 2018): 160–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0184767818761144.
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Focusing on two productions of this past decade of The Merchant of Venice in Germany, the article challenges the predominant national focus of ‘European Shakespeares’. It suggests that contemporary Shakespeare productions can indeed comment on Europe’s intricate relations – political, economic and cultural – with other parts of the world, and on the tension between English as a lingua franca and the cultural and linguistic diversity of Europe. It suggests to complicate, with Shakespeare, the notion of ‘European identity’, in a time of mass migration, multi-ethnic societies and the globalization of economy, media and the arts.
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Zimmermann, Clemens. "Media and the Making of Modern Germany: mass communication, society and politics from the Empire to the Third Reich." Historical Journal of Film, Radio and Television 31, no. 1 (March 2011): 154–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01439685.2011.553461.
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Haase, Christian. "Review Article: The German Mass Media in the Twentieth Century: Between Democracy and Dictatorship." European History Quarterly 40, no. 3 (July 2010): 484–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0265691409371034.
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Green, Jonathan. "The Extract of Various Prophecies: Apocalypticism and Mass Media in the Early Reformation." Renaissance and Reformation 40, no. 4 (January 28, 2018): 15–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.33137/rr.v40i4.29267.
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The compilation known as the Extract of Various Prophecies (Auszug etlicher Practica und Prophezeiungen) was the most popular prophetic pamphlet in Germany in the decade between 1516 and 1525. While the Extract was known to contain excerpts from the Prognosticatio of Johannes Lichtenberger and the Speculum of Johannes Grünpeck, this article identifies the sources of the introduction (Simon Eyssenmann’s annual prognostication for 1514) and the concluding verse (an annual prognostication for 1508) and clarifies the process of compilation. In contrast to earlier views that see it as a clumsy and illogical collection of excerpts, this article finds in the Extract a coherent near-term apocalypse. Hans Stainberger, a bookseller from Zwickau, played a decisive role in the pamphlet’s early dissemination, while its later circulation provides a case study in the circulation of apocalyptic ideas and the interaction between prophetic texts and prophetic preaching at the time of the Reformation.
La compilation connue comme Extraits de diverses prophéties (Auszug etlicher Practica und Prophezeiungen) consiste en un libelle prophétique, qui fut des plus populaires en Allemagne durant la décennie 1516–1525. Alors que l’on sait déjà que l’Extrait contient des extraits de la Prognosticatio de Johannes Lichtenberger et du Speculum de Johannes Grünpeck, cet article identifie les sources de son introduction — Prognostications de 1514 de Simon Eyssenmann —, ainsi que de ses versets de conclusion — Prognostications de 1508 —, et contribue ainsi à clarifier le travail de compilation. Contrairement aux jugements considérant cet ouvrage comme une collection maladroite et illogique d’extraits, notre analyse y perçoit l’annonce cohérente d’une prochaine apocalypse. Hans Stainberger, un libraire de Zwickau, a joué un rôle central dans les débuts de la diffusion du pamphlet, alors que sa diffusion ultérieure représente plutôt un cas de figure pour saisir la circulation des discours apocalyptiques et l’interaction entre les textes et la prédication prophétique à l’époque de la Réforme.
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Slobodian, Quinn. "How to see the world economy: statistics, maps, and Schumpeter's camera in the first age of globalization." Journal of Global History 10, no. 2 (June 19, 2015): 307–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s174002281500008x.
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AbstractHow we assess globalization is largely determined by how we see the world economy. This article follows a disagreement about how to see the world economy among economists in Germany and Austria in the first age of globalization from the 1870s until the First World War. Absorbing metaphors from contemporary developments in media technologies, the debate pitted historical economists, who used statistics and cartography to make visible what they called the ‘world economic organism’, against marginalist economists, including a young Joseph Schumpeter, who rejected panoramic descriptions of the world economy for a narrow focus on prices. In a forgotten chapter in the conceptual genealogy of globalization, the debates of German-speaking economists initiated a persistent divide in how to see the world economy: either in the spatially expanding networks of communication and trade or in the wandering movement of prices on the world markets.
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Chernysh, Oleg. "The Role of Mass Media in the Formation of Media Literacy of the Individual in the Context of Information Warfare." Education and Pedagogical Sciences, no. 3 (175) (2020): 11–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.12958/2227-2747-2020-3(175)-11-19.
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The article defines the role of the media in the formation of media literacy of the individual in the context of information warfare on the basis of theoretical and empirical analysis. It is emphasized that information wars have a long history of development and have been known for a long period of human development. It is noted that the concept of “information warfare” became especially relevant in the second half of the twentieth century. This is due to the active development of scientific and technological progress and the beginning of a new information age of human development. Different interpretations of the concept of “information warfare” are analyzed in detail, the main world concepts of information wars are characterized, in particular: the American, British, French and German ones. The concepts of “media literacy” and “media education” are described. They consist in preparing the young generation for life in modern information conditions. Methods of forming media literacy are analyzed, in particular the activation of independent educational and cognitive activity of students, the formation of knowledge, skills and abilities to use information technologies and the ability to create a media educational platform.
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Melnyk, Viktor. "CZECHIAN GERMANS: THE HISTORY OF POLITICAL SELF-DESTRUCTION (1939–1945)." Politology bulletin, no. 83 (2019): 40–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/2415-881x.2018.83.40-50.
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Objective of the study: to classify and identify the main causes of the process of political self-destruction of the German ethnic minority in the territory of Czechoslovakia; to propose, substantiate and introduce into scientific circulation the concept of political self-destruction of the German community in the territory of the Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia, which existed under the suzerainty of the Third Reich from March 15, 1939 to May 13, 1945. Methodology: Therefore, the journalistic and literary works of the Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia were analyzed, as well as legal documents and diplomatic protocols adopted following the Yalta Conference (February 4 — F ebruary 11, 1945), the Potsdam Conference (July 17 — August 2, 1945). With the help of the traditional complex of historical and legal methods (text study, comparative analysis, legal analogy), were analyzed the content and external forms of legal succession of the Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia in relation to the First Czechoslovak Republic (October 28, 1918 — September 30, 1938) and the Second Czechoslovak Republic (September 30, 1938 — March 15, 1939). Structural and functional method allowed to isolate the main reasons for the successful cultural and socio-economic coexistence of Germans and Czechs in the territory of the Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia under the auspices of the Third Reich in 1939–1945. The socio-psychological approach, in turn, determined the political-political characterization of the rise of interethnic hostility of the Czechs to the Germans. The article argues that the cause of the massacres of Germans by Czech fighters (actions with clear signs of genocide) during 1945–1950 was the transfer of the so-called «guilt for Soviet occupation» by the Czech collective consciousness to the Germans. With the help of English and Soviet propaganda, a negative image of the Germans in the mass media was simultaneously formed. Results and conclusions: The history of the Czechoslovak Republic of 1918–1939 is a prime example of the confrontation between spatial and ethno-linguistic political ideologues. On the one hand, there were Sudeten and Bohemian Germans, supported by the strong movement of the Nazis. On the other hand, the concept of Central European Slavic integration, known as «Czechoslovakism». The struggle between these two ideologues often falls out of sight of contemporary political scientists (political scientists) and historians. This article does not fill the gap, but aims to demonstrate the Czech-German ethno-political conflict of the mid-twentieth century in the form of a logical sequence of events that led to the collapse of both Pan-Germanism and Czechoslovakism. The bloody war between the Slavs and the Germans in the center of Europe ended with the victory of «third power» — ideology of communism.
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Melnyk, Viktor. "CZECHIAN GERMANS: THE HISTORY OF POLITICAL SELF-DESTRUCTION (1939–1945)." Politology bulletin, no. 83 (2019): 40–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/2415-881x.2019.83.40-50.
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Objective of the study: to classify and identify the main causes of the process of political self-destruction of the German ethnic minority in the territory of Czechoslovakia; to propose, substantiate and introduce into scientific circulation the concept of political self-destruction of the German community in the territory of the Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia, which existed under the suzerainty of the Third Reich from March 15, 1939 to May 13, 1945. Methodology: Therefore, the journalistic and literary works of the Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia were analyzed, as well as legal documents and diplomatic protocols adopted following the Yalta Conference (February 4 — F ebruary 11, 1945), the Potsdam Conference (July 17 — August 2, 1945). With the help of the traditional complex of historical and legal methods (text study, comparative analysis, legal analogy), were analyzed the content and external forms of legal succession of the Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia in relation to the First Czechoslovak Republic (October 28, 1918 — September 30, 1938) and the Second Czechoslovak Republic (September 30, 1938 — March 15, 1939). Structural and functional method allowed to isolate the main reasons for the successful cultural and socio-economic coexistence of Germans and Czechs in the territory of the Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia under the auspices of the Third Reich in 1939–1945. The socio-psychological approach, in turn, determined the political-political characterization of the rise of interethnic hostility of the Czechs to the Germans. The article argues that the cause of the massacres of Germans by Czech fighters (actions with clear signs of genocide) during 1945–1950 was the transfer of the so-called «guilt for Soviet occupation» by the Czech collective consciousness to the Germans. With the help of English and Soviet propaganda, a negative image of the Germans in the mass media was simultaneously formed. Results and conclusions: The history of the Czechoslovak Republic of 1918–1939 is a prime example of the confrontation between spatial and ethno-linguistic political ideologues. On the one hand, there were Sudeten and Bohemian Germans, supported by the strong movement of the Nazis. On the other hand, the concept of Central European Slavic integration, known as «Czechoslovakism». The struggle between these two ideologues often falls out of sight of contemporary political scientists (political scientists) and historians. This article does not fill the gap, but aims to demonstrate the Czech-German ethno-political conflict of the mid-twentieth century in the form of a logical sequence of events that led to the collapse of both Pan-Germanism and Czechoslovakism. The bloody war between the Slavs and the Germans in the center of Europe ended with the victory of «third power» — ideology of communism.
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Makukh-Fedorkova, Ivanna. "The Role of Cinema in the History of Media Education in Canada." Mediaforum : Analytics, Forecasts, Information Management, no. 7 (December 23, 2019): 221–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.31861/mediaforum.2019.7.221-234.
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The era of audiovisual culture began more than a hundred years ago with the advent of cinema, and is associated with a special language that underlies non-verbal communication processes. Today, screen influence on humans is dominant, as the generation for which computer is an integral part of everyday life has grown. In recent years, non-verbal language around the world has been a major tool in the fight for influence over human consciousness and intelligence. Formation of basic concepts of media education, which later developed into an international pedagogical movement, in a number of western countries (Great Britain, France, Germany) began in the 60’s and 70’s of the XX century. In Canada, as in most highly developed countries (USA, UK, France, Australia), the history of media education began to emerge from cinematographic material. The concept of screen education was formed by the British Society for Education in Film (SEFT), initiated by a group of enthusiastic educators in 1950. In the second half of the twentieth century, due to the intensive development of television, the initial term “film teaching” was transformed into “screen education”. The high intensity of students’ contact with new audiovisual media has become a subject of pedagogical excitement. There was a problem adjusting your children’s audience and media. The most progressive Canadian educators, who have recognized the futility of trying to differentiate students from the growing impact of TV and cinema, have begun introducing a special course in Screen Arts. The use of teachers of the rich potential of new audiovisual media has greatly optimized the learning process itself, the use of films in the classroom has become increasingly motivated. At the end of 1968, an assistant position was created at the Ontario Department of Education, which coordinated work in the “onscreen education” field. It is worth noting that media education in Canada developed under the influence of English media pedagogy. The first developments in the study of “screen education” were proposed in 1968 by British Professor A. Hodgkinson. Canadian institutions are actively implementing media education programs, as the development of e-learning is linked to the hope of solving a number of socio-economic problems. In particular, raising the general education level of the population, expanding access to higher levels of education, meeting the needs for higher education, organizing regular training of specialists in various fields. After all, on the way of building an e-learning system, countries need to solve a set of complex technological problems to ensure the functioning of an extensive network of training centers, quality control of the educational process, training of teaching staff and other problems. Today, it is safe to say that Canada’s media education is on the rise and occupies a leading position in the world. Thus, at the beginning of the 21st century, Canada’s media education reached a level of mass development, based on serious theoretical and methodological developments. Moreover, Canada remains the world leader in higher education and spends at least $ 25 billion on its universities annually. Only the United States, the United Kingdom and Australia are the biggest competitors in this area.
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Wiesen, S. Jonathan. "Mass Media, Culture, and Society in Twentieth-Century Germany. Edited by Karl Christian Führer and Corey Ross. Houndsmills, U.K., and New York: Palgrave Macmillan. 2006. Pp. 254. Cloth $85.00. ISBN 0-230-00838-0." Central European History 41, no. 2 (May 2, 2008): 315–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0008938908000435.
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Suslov, I. V., D. S. Artamonov, and A. R. Faizliev. "Soviet Leaders in Western Media Space." Nauchnyi dialog 11, no. 9 (November 30, 2022): 143–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.24224/2227-1295-2022-11-9-143-162.
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The results of the analysis of the USSR image in Western social media are presented. The novelty of the study lies in the use of the Global Database of Events, Language, and Tone in the analysis of the image of Soviet leaders in the Euro-Atlantic press. A review of messages that mention the names of the leaders of the USSR from January 1, 2017 to the present in the Western press has been completed. It is proved that the overall emotional tone of the narrative about the Soviet leaders in Western media is extremely negative. It is noted that French and German journalists, in comparison with Anglo-Saxon ones, more often write about Soviet history in a positive context. It is emphasized that the differences correlate with the quality of relations between Western countries and Russia, as well as the prospects for their improvement. It is shown that journalists, discussing the Soviet leaders, raise existential questions that are important for the Euro-Atlantic mass consciousness. The relevance of the study is due to the fact that the growth of media interest in the stories of rapprochement between the USSR and the West, as well as the emotionally positive transformation of the images of Soviet leaders in the media is considered as a condition and indicator of improving relations between Russia and the West.
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Geppert, Dominik. "Review: Karl Christian Führer and Corey Ross (eds), Mass Media, Culture and Society in Twentieth-Century Germany, Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan, 2006; 254 pp; $85.00 hbk; ISBN: 9780230008380." Journal of Contemporary History 44, no. 3 (June 25, 2009): 542–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/00220094090440030904.
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Martin, Benjamin G., and Elisabeth Marie Piller. "Cultural Diplomacy and Europe's Twenty Years’ Crisis, 1919–1939: Introduction." Contemporary European History 30, no. 2 (March 26, 2021): 149–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s096077732000065x.
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Photographs of the German and Soviet pavilions facing off at the Paris International Exposition in 1937 offer an iconic image of the interwar period, and with good reason. This image captures the interwar period's great conflict of ideologies, the international interconnectedness of the age and the aestheticisation of political and ideological conflict in the age of mass media and mass spectacle. [Figure 1] Last but not least, it captures the importance in the 1930s of what we now call cultural diplomacy. Both pavilions – Germany's, in Albert Speer's neo-classical tower bloc crowned with a giant swastika, and the Soviet Union's, housed in Boris Iofan's forward-thrusting structure topped by Vera Mukhina's monumental sculptural group – represented the outcome of a large-scale collaboration between political leaders and architects, artists, intellectuals and graphic and industrial designers seeking to present their country to foreign visitors in a manner designed to advance the country's interests in the international arena. Each pavilion, that is, made an outreach that was diplomatic – in the sense that it sought to mediate between distinct polities – using means that were cultural – in the sense that they deployed refined aesthetic practices (like the arts and architecture) and in the sense that they highlighted the distinctive features, or ‘culture’, of a particular group (like the German nation or the Soviet state).
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Scheerbaum, Martin, Constantin Langenbach, Petra Scheerbaum, Franziska Heidemann, Henrik C. Rieß, Hagen Heigel, Sebastian E. Debus, and Christian-Alexander Behrendt. "Prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors among 28,000 employees." Vasa 46, no. 3 (May 1, 2017): 203–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1024/0301-1526/a000611.
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Abstract. Background: Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of death in Germany. The knowledge of causal risk factors and their distribution is of utmost importance to design screening programs. Probands and methods: In this cross-sectional study design we used STROBE criteria to achieve the highest comparability possible. Anthropometric measures (height and weight), total cholesterol, glucose level, and blood pressure were measured. Probands’ history was collected by using a standardized questionnaire. The data was age- and gender-adjusted for the working population 16 to 70 years of age, derived from the micro census, the 1 %-sample census of the German statistical office. For each study year weight factors were calculated. Logistic regression analysis was conducted regarding the cardiovascular risk factors: smoking, arterial hypertension, diabetes, hypercholesterolemia, and obesity. Results: Between 2006 and 2015 a total of 28,293 employees took part in the ongoing company screenings. The mean age was 42.3 years for both sexes (median: 43 years). The mean body mass index (BMI) was 25.6 kg/m2 (men: 26.5 kg/m2, women: 24.7 kg/m2). A history of hypertension was present in 16 % of the employees (men: 17.8 %, women: 13.8 %). Of the respondents 2 % suffered from diabetes (men: 2.4 %, women: 1.6 %). Lipid-lowering drugs were taken by 2.8 % of all employees (3.6 % men and 1.9 % women). 23.3 % of the men and women indicated to be active smokers. In the regression analysis obesity was associated with a four times higher risk of hypertension and a three times higher risk of elevated glucose levels, thus manifesting as main contributor for vascular diseases. Meanwhile the risk for obesity was 140 % higher in probands who are former smokers. Conclusions: We regard obesity as the number one cardiovascular risk which should be assessed by various medical, legislative, and socio-economic actions to limit future mortality and health-care costs in Germany.
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Derix, Simone. "Facing an “Emotional Crunch”: State Visits as Political Performances During the Cold War." German Politics and Society 25, no. 2 (June 1, 2007): 117–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.3167/gps.2007.250208.
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This article argues that state visits are highly symbolic political performances by analyzing state visits to Berlin in the 1950s and 1960s. The article concentrates on how state visits blended in the Cold War's culture of suspicion and political avowal. Special emphasis is placed on the role of mass media and on the guests' reactions and behavior. State visits to Berlin illuminate the heavy performative and emotional burden placed on all participants. Being aware of the possibilities for self-presentation offered by state visits, West German officials incorporated state visitors into their symbolic battle for reunification. A visit to Berlin with extensive media coverage was, therefore, of prime importance for the German hosts. Despite their sophisticated visualization strategies, total control of events was impossible. Some visitors did not want to play their allotted role and avoided certain sites in Berlin, refused to be accompanied by journalists or cancelled their trips altogether.
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Stasch, Rupert. "The Camera and the House: The Semiotics of New Guinea “Treehouses” in Global Visual Culture." Comparative Studies in Society and History 53, no. 1 (January 2011): 75–112. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0010417510000630.
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One of the most frequently encountered representations of West Papuan people internationally today is a photographic or video image of a Korowai or Kombai treehouse (Figure 1). Circulation of these images first exploded in the mid-1990s. In 1994, anArts & Entertainment Channelfilm about Korowai was broadcast in the United States under the titleTreehouse People: Cannibal Justice, and in 1996National Geographicpublished a photo essay titled “Irian Jaya's People of the Trees.” Korowai and Kombai treehouses have since been depicted in dozens of magazine and newspaper articles and twenty television productions, made by media professionals from the United States, United Kingdom, France, Germany, Austria, Sweden, Finland, Japan, Australia, Switzerland, Italy, Croatia, Slovakia, the Czech Republic, Vietnam, and recently West Papua itself. Some representations have had mass global distribution through programming partnerships and satellite transmission agreements, and international editions of major magazines. Recently, several reality television programs have been produced about white travelers' stays in treehouses with Korowai or Kombai hosts. These include an episode ofTribebroadcast on BBC and Discovery in 2005, the six episodes ofLiving with the Kombai Tribeshown on Travel Channel and Discovery International in 2007, and an episode ofRendez-Vous En Terre Inconnuetelevised to much acclaim on France 2 in 2009. Treehouses were widely seen by Australian audiences in 2006 in theSixty Minutessegment “The Last Cannibals,” and during a subsequent media firestorm that surrounded a rival show's unsuccessful effort to film their anchor accompanying a supposedly endangered Korowai orphan boy to a safer life in town. In 2009, a BBC film crew filmed Korowai house construction for the forthcoming blockbuster seriesHuman Planet, and in 2010National Geographicbegan researching a possible second story on Korowai treehouses. In late June and early July 2010, photos of Korowai treehouses were published by newspapers in Indonesia, Singapore, Malaysia, Vietnam, Paraguay, Spain, Romania, Hungary, Turkey, Finland, Germany, France, the United Kingdom, and other countries, to illustrate stories reporting the Indonesian census bureau's announcement that it had counted Korowai thoroughly for the first time (e.g., Andrade 2010; most stories drew their content from Agence France-Presse). In August 2010, production began for a feature-length Indonesian film about physical and romantic travails of Javanese protagonists who sojourn with Korowai in their jungle home; no filming is being carried out in the Korowai area or with Korowai actors, but treehouses figure prominently in the film's early written and visual publicity.
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Augustine, Dolores L. "Media and the Making of Modern Germany: Mass Communications, Society, and Politics from the Empire to the Third Reich. By Corey Ross. Oxford and New York: Oxford University Press. 2008. Pp. xiv+426. Cloth $110.00. ISBN 0199278210." Central European History 43, no. 2 (May 13, 2010): 364–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0008938910000178.
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Fox, Jo. "Book Review: Corey Ross, Media and the Making of Modern Germany: Mass Communications, Society, and Politics from the Empire to the Third Reich, Oxford University Press: Oxford, 2008; xiii + 426 pp., 17 illus.; 9780199278213, £55.00 (hbk)." European History Quarterly 40, no. 3 (July 2010): 554–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/02656914100400030634.
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Borisova, Nina. "The emergence of radar in different countries: comparative-historical analysis." Genesis: исторические исследования, no. 7 (July 2020): 51–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.25136/2409-868x.2020.7.33501.
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The subject of this research is the activity of participants of the first radar projects in the pioneer countries (Soviet Union, United States, Great Britain, Germany), aimed at creation of prototype models and improvement of technical characteristics of new equipment. The goal consists in determination of the role of Soviet works in the genesis of radar. The evolutionary process of creation of the first radars, unfolded in the prewar period (1930s), is viewed individually for each country, with identification of differences and similarities. At the time of joining the World War II, all countries were armed with dozens of radars of meter and decimeter wavelength ranges, which were not too distant and accurate. Invention of a powerful multi-resonant magnetron of centimeter wavelength range (" core " of the radar) became a revolutionary event, since the transition to the centimeter range was capable to improve the radar parameters for successful accomplishment of military operations. Special attention is given to the little-known events in the history of this invention. Comparative analysis of the origin of radar in different countries (including foreign research), which was carried out for the first time, proves that the unique construct of the Soviet multi-resonant magnetron Alekseev-Malyarov had a priority, and perhaps, copied by other countries. The research results consists in illustration of the origin of radar overall, and Soviet contribution to the world history of radar in particular. Popularization of national scientific and technological achievements by the mass media, museum and educational activities may become the sphere of application of the obtained knowledge.
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Bülent Küçük. "Borders of Europe: Fantasies of identity in the enlargement debate on Turkey." New Perspectives on Turkey 41 (2009): 89–115. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0896634600005380.
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AbstractThe European public debate on Turkey's EU accession either emphasizes Turkey's political (in)competence for EU membership, or marks its cultural difference. Based on the discourse analysis of this debate in the German mass media, this paper questions the dominant European perspective, by placing emphasis on how and where the symbolic borders of an imagined Europe become visible. I will argue that the debate surrounding Turkey's accession to the EU reveals an ambivalent discursive process as it places the construction of the self-definition of Europe at the frontier of its Turkish-Islamic “Other.”
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Michelini, Enrico. "The representation of Yusra Mardini as a Refugee Olympic Athlete: A sociological analysis." Sport und Gesellschaft 18, no. 1 (April 1, 2021): 39–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/sug-2021-0003.
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Summary This article explores the representation of Yusra Mardini as a refugee Olympic athlete. Her participation in the 2016 Olympic Games is analyzed through different areas of programming of the mass media and, specifically, through Mardini’s autobiography, documents of the International Olympic Committee, and German newspapers. A qualitative content analysis is carried out and a systems theoretical framework applied. The results reveal that Mardini’s refugee background was both an obstacle and an advantage for her career within the sport system. The establishment of the Refugee Olympic Team generated positive response from the International Olympic Committee but also exposed contradictions in its inclusion rules. The newspapers showed a strong interest in Mardini and presented her as a hero, downplaying her performances and emphasizing her life story. Following an analysis of the interconnections between these different representations, the discussion turns to the mechanisms that go beyond the inclusion of Mardini in professional sports and focuses on the latent information within the materials.
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Holzer, Anton, and Elisabeth Lauffer. "Picture Stories: the Rise of the Photoessay in the Weimar Republic." International Journal for History, Culture and Modernity 6, no. 1 (March 28, 2018): 1–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.18352/hcm.520.
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Between the mid-1920s and the early 1930s German photojournalism experienced a profound, far-reaching upheaval. Up until this time, the illustrated mass media had favoured the reproduction of single photos, but during this brief period the photo-essay rose to prominence. Photographs and texts were integrated into a new, complex narrative unity: photoreportage. This article aims to reconstruct the historical conditions under which modern photo-reportage arose during the Weimar Republic. It will also revise certain accepted judgements about the history of photojournalism between the world wars. The development of modern photojournalism has until now been identified almost exclusively with the achievements of individual protagonists, mainly prominent photographers. Although these individuals played an important role in the production process of photoreportage, they were rarely consulted regarding editorial questions and layout. In order to better understand the economic development of photoreportage and its growth as a medium, it is necessary to examine the editorial work being done behind the scenes at the magazines and newspapers of the time. This article will therefore focus more on the development of the media and economic macrostructures at play in the emergence and growth of photo-reportage, and less on individual photographers’ contributions and photojournalistic output. It ultimately shows that the consolidation of modern photo-reportage was the result of closely connected media-related and social developments, commercial strategies and aesthetic decisions that went far beyond the agency of individuals.
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Potapov, D. "The European Union and China Foreign Direct Investment Cooperation in the Context of the Belt and Road Initiative." Analysis and Forecasting. IMEMO Journal, no. 4 (2020): 76–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.20542/afij-2020-4-76-93.
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The article analyses the foreign direct investment cooperation between the European Union and the People’s Republic of China under the Belt and Road Initiative. The initiative is proposed by China and is aimed at developing cross-regional transport and logistics infrastructure connecting China with South-East, South and Central Asia, the Middle East, East Africa and Europe. The author examines the history of the initiative and its assessments by international organizations (e.g. the World Bank and the ESCAP UN) and investigates the structure and statistics of the EU-China investment relations, basing on the examples of the most important China’s investment partners (including France, Italy, Germany and the Vishegrad Group countries). The discrepancy between the conditions for the EU and the Chinese investors is highlighted. The author defines and characterizes the major models of the Belt and Road projects’ development, which are used by China in cooperation with the EU Member States. The EU investors in China face restrictions imposed by the national regulation of foreign investments. In particular, the external investors do not have access to the sectors crucially important for national interest and security (e.g. high-tech sectors and mass media). At the same time, Chinese investors’ access to the EU financial markets is not limited, allowing them to become important shareholders in the EU companies and to transfer technologies. It raises concerns within national governments and the European Union itself. The national governments are establishing and adopting screening mechanisms for foreign direct investments and additional regulations to control important sectors and enterprises. At the same time, the EU Member States are developing a common view on the prospects and mechanisms of cooperation with China under the Belt and Road initiative. The EU countries have not yet reached a consensus upon the Belt and Road initiative and the prospects of the EU participation in it, so the author focuses on the strategies of the examined countries. Germany is calling for a common position for all the EU member states and advocates for using the EU-based mechanisms and platforms for cooperation with China. Such demands are also connected with the promotion of a common EU investment screening mechanism in order to protect the Member States’ interests and security. Italy is deepening its cooperation with China through bilateral mechanisms, mainly based on a memorandum of understanding with China on the Belt and Road initiative. France, on the one hand, shares the common interest with Germany regarding the need for the common EU policy towards the Chinese initiative, but on the other hand, the country is deploying new projects with China. The Visegrad Group states are forging their ties with China through bilateral and multilateral cooperation mechanisms and they are interested in the growth of Chinese investment inflows. This undermines the unanimity of policy towards China and the Belt and Road.
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Anual, Zurahanim Fasha, Noraishah Mohammad Sham, Rashidah Ambak, Fatimah Othman, and Rafiza Shaharudin. "Urinary Concentrations of Metals and Metalloids in Malaysian Adults." Exposure and Health 13, no. 3 (July 1, 2021): 391–401. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12403-021-00390-z.
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AbstractExposure to environmental pollutants in humans can be conducted through direct measurement of biological media such as blood, urine or hair. Assessment studies of metals and metalloids in Malaysia is very scarce although cross-sectional nationwide human biomonitoring surveys have been established by the USA, Canada, Germany, Spain, France, and Korea. This study aims to assess urinary metal levels namely cadmium (Cd), nickel (Ni), lead (Pb) and arsenic (As) among Malaysian adults. This was a cross-sectional study involving 1440 adults between the age of 18 and 88 years old. After excluding those with 24 h urine samples of less than 500 ml, urine creatinine levels < 0.3 or > 3.0 g/L and those who refuse to participate in the study, a total of 817 respondents were included for analysis. A questionnaire with socio-demographic information such as age, gender, occupation, ethnic, academic qualification and medical history was administered to the respondents. Twenty-four-hour urine samples were collected in a container before being transported at 4 °C to the laboratory. Samples were then aliquoted into 15 ml tubes and kept at − 80 °C until further analysis. Urine was diluted ten-fold with ultrapure water, filtered and analysed for metals and metalloids using Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS). The geometric mean of urinary As, Ni, Cd and Pb concentrations among adults in Malaysia was 48.21, 4.37, 0.32, and 0.80 µg/L, respectively. Males showed significantly higher urinary metal concentrations compared to females for As, Cd and Pb except for Ni. Those who resided in rural areas exhibited significantly higher As, Cd and Pb urinary concentrations than those who resided in urban areas. As there are no nationwide data on urinary metals, findings from this study could be used to identify high exposure groups, thus enabling policy makers to improve public health strategically.
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Rowe, David E. "Einstein and Relativity: What Price Fame?" Science in Context 25, no. 2 (April 24, 2012): 197–246. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s026988971200004x.
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ArgumentEinstein's initial fame came in late 1919 with a dramatic breakthrough in his general theory of relativity. Through a remarkable confluence of events and circumstances, the mass media soon projected an image of the photogenic physicist as a bold new revolutionary thinker. With his theory of relativity Einstein had overthrown outworn ideas about space and time dating back to Newton's day, no small feat. While downplaying his reputation as a revolutionary, Einstein proved he was well cast for the role of mild-mannered scientific genius. Yet fame demanded its price. Surrounded by social and economic unrest in Berlin, he was caught between two worlds, one struggling to be born, another refusing to die. Far from withdrawing, he threw himself into the political fray to become a symbol for international reconciliation during the early Weimar Republic. A decade later, his public image acquired another layer when he re-emerged as a Stoic sage and selfless humanitarian, a quasi-religious figure who saw himself as a modern-day Spinoza. Focusing on events of this period and the role of the German media in portraying them, this essay highlights the scientific and political undercurrents that drew Einstein into the public eye at a critical juncture in European history. Its broader aim is to show the import of these themes within the context of the vast literature on Einstein as well as the larger historiography of science.
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Abdel-Aziz, Mahmoud, Anne Neerincx, Susanne Vijverberg, Simone Hashimoto, Paul Brinkman, Mario Gorenjak, Antoaneta Toncheva, et al. "A System Pharmacology Multi-Omics Approach toward Uncontrolled Pediatric Asthma." Journal of Personalized Medicine 11, no. 6 (May 28, 2021): 484. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jpm11060484.
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There is a clinical need to identify children with poor asthma control as early as possible, to optimize treatment and/or to find therapeutic alternatives. Here, we present the “Systems Pharmacology Approach to Uncontrolled Pediatric Asthma” (SysPharmPediA) study, which aims to establish a pediatric cohort of moderate-to-severe uncontrolled and controlled patients with asthma, to investigate pathophysiological mechanisms underlying uncontrolled moderate-to-severe asthma in children on maintenance treatment, using a multi-omics systems medicine approach. In this multicenter observational case–control study, moderate-to-severe asthmatic children (age; 6–17 years) were included from four European countries (Netherlands, Germany, Spain, and Slovenia). Subjects were classified based on asthma control and number of exacerbations. Demographics, current and past patient/family history, and clinical characteristics were collected. In addition, systems-wide omics layers, including epi(genomics), transcriptomics, microbiome, proteomics, and metabolomics were evaluated from multiple samples. In all, 145 children were included in this cohort, 91 with uncontrolled (median age = 12 years, 43% females) and 54 with controlled asthma (median age = 11.7 years, 37% females). The two groups did not show statistically significant differences in age, sex, and body mass index z-score distribution. Comprehensive information and diverse noninvasive biosampling procedures for various omics analyses will provide the opportunity to delineate underlying pathophysiological mechanisms of moderate-to-severe uncontrolled pediatric asthma. This eventually might reveal novel biomarkers, which could potentially be used for noninvasive personalized diagnostics and/or treatment.
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Erk, Jan. "Federalism and Mass Media Policy in Germany." Regional & Federal Studies 13, no. 2 (April 2003): 106–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13597560308559429.
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Squires, Catherine R. "German Incunabula Herbals from the Russian State Library: Towards Popular Literature." Tekst. Kniga. Knigoizdanie, no. 26 (2021): 60–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.17223/23062061/26/4.
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Early printed herbals have a special place in the 15th-century book production as they were popular both with academics, including medical scientists and pharmacists, and with the common reader. The popular response to the mass production of herbal books made possible by the invention of printing left textual and linguistic evidence in the form of handwritten marginal notes. In the present study, six copies of illustrated herbals printed in Mainz by Peter Schoeffer in 1484 and 1485 are compared as to the subject, language and function of the marginal notes found in them. Five of these books are from the Rare Books Department of the Russian State (former Lenin) Library, the sixth copy from the Moscow University Library is used to enable better comparison. The analysis has shown that the types of marginal notes vary significantly depending on the owners’ social status, interest, background, and on the time and region. Marginal notes in Latin or Greek are considered from the point of view of their thematic (content) and chronological (dating) characteristics. As the result of many centuries of natural science, herbals were an important source of professional knowledge for academics, including medical scientists and pharmacists, of the time. Thematically, linguistically and paleographically, marginal notes of this type can be ascribed to professionals or students of natural sciences. Notes made considerably later than the incunabula era can in fact only be explained by an academic interest on the part of the reader (some notes date after 1700). Marginal notes made in German and, judging by the handwriting, dating closer to 1500 reflect work of common medical practitioners or even of lay readers, who used their herbals to cope with practical problems of their everyday life. These German marginal notes are of high interest as a source for German language history, as they contain synonymous names of plants, additional to those used in the printed text. The analysis of their form, dialect, and distribution proves that they offer valuable lexical material (regional names) in the semantic field usually scarcely documented in medieval literary texts. Those descriptions, which are indicative of region or dialect, show a distinct Southern German origin of their authors.
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Mokshina, Irina S., and Tatyana Yu Nechaeva. "Youth Periodical Press as a Means of Patriotic Education During the Great Patriotic War." Vestnik slavianskikh kul’tur [Bulletin of Slavic Cultures] 65 (2022): 115–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.37816/2073-9567-2022-65-115-127.
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The beginning of the 21st century was a time of comprehension of the results of the past century. Up until now the Great Patriotic War remains one of the most tragic pages in the history of our country. The victory over fascism was won not only on the battlefields, but also in the spiritual sphere. Considerable merit in this belonged to the youth press, which acted as the most important means of patriotic education of young people, mobilizing them to fight the enemy. The theme of protecting the Motherland became the leading one, which has ensured high efficiency and effectiveness of printed publications. An appeal to national pride, to the country's military successes in the past, has begun. The propaganda of love for one's Fatherland is closely associated with the exposure of the essence of German fascism, the inculcation of hatred for the invaders. Print media participated in the organization of mass training of combat reserves for the front, provided the population with significant assistance in mastering defense knowledge. The youth press is a valuable source for studying the exploits of young people who fought at the fronts and in the rear of the fascist German troops; labor and patriotic achievements of the youth of the Soviet rear. One of the most important functions of journalism was conducting of propaganda among the population of the areas temporarily occupied by the enemy. The most important aspect of the work of the youth press was the development and strengthening of ties between the front and the rear, consolidation of moral and political unity of the Soviet people. That said the experience of youth periodicals of the war period due to the richness of the content, variety of forms and methods of work and its high efficiency is still relevant and highly topical in our days.
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Vereschahina, Iryna. "Role of New Mass Media in Federal Republic of Germany. „Party Democracy“ versus „Media Democracy“." Mediaforum : Analytics, Forecasts, Information Management, no. 6 (December 17, 2018): 208–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.31861/mediaforum.2018.6.208-220.
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The article deals with the analysis of main problems of the role of new mass media, their relations with German political parties and development of media democracy in Federal Republic of Germany. Considering the rapid development of mass media the author investigates media as political instrument and autonomic political actor at the same time, analyses relations between the mass media and political parties, opportunity of changes in the parties, changes of party structure and the role of German parties. The process of „mediatization“ and its influence on the policy and party democracy is defined. The study found that the modern mass media have influence on public sector and political transformations and accelarate the progress of media democracy in Federal Republic of Germany as well.
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De Oliveira, Dennison. "Uso de periódicos para o ensino de história na educação básica - Projeto 1917: mídia, guerra, greve e revolução." REVISTA INTERSABERES 12, no. 25 (May 30, 2017): 98. http://dx.doi.org/10.22169/intersaberes.v12i25.576.
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Resumo O texto comenta as propostas para o ensino de História na Educação Básica apresentadas na mais recente versão (2017) da Base Nacional Comum Curricular (BNCC) do Ministério da Educação (MEC) para o Ensino Fundamental. São notadas as semelhanças deste documento com os Parâmetros Curriculares Nacionais para o Ensino Médio (PCNEM) do MEC publicados no ano de 2000. O foco do artigo são os conteúdos curriculares relativos a alguns dos centenários mais relevantes verificados neste ano. São propostos como objeto de estudo alguns dos eventos ocorridos em 1917 e que tiveram importância reconhecidamente decisiva em nível mundial (auge da Primeira Guerra Mundial e eclosão da Revolução Russa), nacional (declaração de guerra do Brasil à Alemanha) e local (greve geral). É apresentada uma metodologia do uso de revistas para o ensino de História na Educação Básica contida no recente Projeto 1917: mídia, guerra, greve e revolução de autoria do Grupo do Programa de Educação Tutorial (PET) dos cursos de História da Universidade Federal do Paraná. São comentadas as principais metodologias de uso deste tipo de fontes históricas em sala de aula. O texto também disponibiliza acesso a cópias digitalizadas das publicações históricas citadas numa base de acesso público e gratuito aos professores interessados em utilizar tais fontes em sala de aula. Palavras-Chave: BNCC. Ensino de História. 1917. Abstract The following paper deals with the proposals for teaching History in Basic Education presented in the most recent version (2017) of the National Curricular Common Base (BNCC) of the Department of Education (MEC) for Elementary School. The similarities of this document with the National Curricular Parameters for Secondary Education (PCNEM) from MEC, published in the year 2000, are evident. The focus of the paper is the curricular contents related to some of the most important centennial anniversaries celebrated this year. Some of the events that occurred in 1917 and which were recognized as worldly (the peak of the First World War and the outbreak of the Russian Revolution), nationally (declaration of war from Brazil to Germany) and locally (general strike) decisive. A methodology for the use of periodicals for teaching History in Basic Education is presented in the recent Project 1917: Media, War, Strike and Revolution by the Federal University of Paraná History courses Tutorial Education Program (PET) group. The main methodologies for using this type of historical sources in the classroom are discussed. The paper also provides access to digitized copies of the cited historical publications on a free public database for teachers interested in using such sources in classroom. Keywords: BNCC. Teaching History. 1917. Resumen El texto comenta las propuestas para la enseñanza de Historia en la Educación Básica presentadas en la más reciente versión (2017) de la Base Nacional Común Curricular (BNCC) del Ministerio de Educación (MEC) para la Enseñanza Fundamental. Se observan las semejanzas de este documento con los Parámetros Curriculares Nacionales para la Enseñanza en Nivel Media (PCNEM) del MEC publicados en el año 2000. El foco del artículo son los contenidos curriculares relativos a algunos de los centenarios más relevantes verificados este año. Se propuso como objeto de estudio algunos de los eventos ocurridos en 1917 y que tuvieron importancia reconocidamente decisiva a nivel mundial (auge de la Primera Guerra Mundial y eclosión de la Revolución Rusa), nacional (declaración de guerra de Brasil a Alemania) y local (huelga general). Se presenta una metodología del uso de revistas para la enseñanza de Historia en la Educación Básica contenida en el reciente Proyecto 1917: medios, guerra, huelga y revolución de autoría del Grupo del Programa de Educación Tutorial (PET) de los cursos de Historia de la Universidad Federal de Paraná. Se comentan las principales metodologías de uso de este tipo de fuentes históricas en el aula. El texto también ofrece acceso a copias digitalizadas de las publicaciones históricas citadas sobre una base de acceso público y gratuito a los profesores interesados en utilizar dichas fuentes en el aula. Palabras clave: BNCC. Enseñanza de la historia. 1917.
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Babkina, Vera Aleksandrovna. "THEATRICAL METAPHOR IN POLITICAL DISCOURSE OF THE MASS MEDIA IN GERMANY." Philological Sciences. Issues of Theory and Practice, no. 1-2 (January 2018): 274–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.30853/filnauki.2018-1-2.17.
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Fekete, S., A. Schmidtke, Y. Takahashi, E. Etzersdorfer, M. Upanne, and P. Osvath. "Mass Media, Cultural Attitudes, and Suicide." Crisis 22, no. 4 (July 2001): 170–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1027//0227-5910.22.4.170.
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Summary: Many studies indicate that the suicidal behavior in a society is affected by the suicide stories publicized. Cultural valuations appear in the way media present self-destruction. The reflection of sociocultural attitudes toward suicide can be observed and analyzed in these texts. In this research, reports about suicide (n = 2203) in the years from 1981 and 1991 taken from daily newspapers were gathered—three central and regional papers in each country. A content analysis was performed of the suicide reports in Hungary (n = 244), Japan (n = 684), the United States (n = 265), Germany (former West n = 458, former East n = 60), Austria (n = 405), and Finland (n = 87), on the basis of the following variables: mentioning of the name, personal data, prominence of the suicidal person, qualification of the suicide, methods, motives, positive or negative consequences, alternatives, and the expression(s) used to refer to the act. After a coding process, an analysis was conducted as to whether any significant differences existed in the rate of the several characteristics in the countries from the point of view of the possible imitation-identification and of the cultural differences are the most important findings interpreted.[sentence is unclear]
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Eperjesi, Zoltán. "Germany and the Challenge of Mass Immigration." Hiperboreea 3, no. 1 (June 1, 2016): 135–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.5325/hiperboreea.3.1.0135.
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Abstract This article gives an insight into the problematic origins of the term multiculturalism, a brief summary of integration of foreigners in Germany by presenting certain debates about incorporation, assimilation and dominant culture in order to ultimately see the critique of the model of multiculturalism.
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Stasiuk, Oleksandr. "Metaintertextuelle Markierungen des massenmedialen Interdiskurses in parlamentarischen Texten Deutschlands und Schwedens." Germanica Wratislaviensia 141 (February 15, 2017): 335–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.19195/0435-5865.141.22.
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Im vorliegenden Beitrag werden die semantischen und pragmatischen Charakteristika der metaintertextuellen Markierungen des medialen Interdiskurses in den parlamentarischen Texten Deutschlands und Schwedens untersucht. Interdiskursive Zitate werden von dem Metaintertext begleitet, d.h. von Textfragmenten, die den Intertext beschreiben. Zitate in den parlamentarischen Texten, die den massenmedialen Diskurs repräsentieren, wurden mithilfe der semantischen Analyse des Metaintertextes ausgesondert. Es wurde gezeigt, auf welche Weise der Metaintertext für die Analyse der pragmalinguistischen Besonderheiten des Gebrauchs des Interdiskurses verwendet werden kann. Anschließend wurde der Gebrauch von metaintertextuellen Markierungen des massenmedialen Interdiskurses in den parlamentarischen Texten Deutschlands und Schwedens verglichen.Metaintertextual markers of the mass media interdiscoursein the parliamentary texts of Germany and SwedenThe article deals with the semantic and pragmatic characteristics of metaintertextual markers of mass media interdiscourse in the parliamentary texts of Germany and Sweden. Interdiscoursive citations are accompanied by metaintertext, e.g. the fragments of text that describe intertext. Citations in the parliamentary texts that represent mass media discourse are selected through the semantic analysis of metaintertext. Application of metaintertext to the analysis of pragmatic characteristics of interdiscourse usage is demonstrated. The usage of the metaintertextual markers of mass media interdiscourse in the parliamentary texts of Germany and Sweden is compared.