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DeBuhr, Christopher Leonard. "Metamorphic petrology and mass balance analysis in the Bugaboo contact aureole." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape4/PQDD_0019/NQ49488.pdf.
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Laukkanen, Mikko. "Project Solaris - Mass and balance analysis tool for a solar powered UAV." Thesis, Mälardalen University, School of Innovation, Design and Engineering, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mdh:diva-7449.
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Bergman, Ottar. "A Regional Analysis of Changing Climate Conditions and Glacier Mass Balance in Svalbard." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för geovetenskaper, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-383930.
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The Arctic archipelago of Svalbard has experienced among the greatest increases in temperature on Earth in the last few decades. The changing climatic conditions have a large impact on the glacier mass balance. This study makes use of a highresolution model dataset with data on climatic and glacier conditions on Svalbard from 1957 to 2018. The model dataset is used to analyse the spatiotemporal variability in glacier mass balance across Svalbard and linking those changes to long-term trends in meteorological conditions. The study is focused on the spatial gradients in trends between two regions in Svalbard, the coldest part of the archipelago, Nordaustlandet and the milder southern part of the main island Spitsbergen. The north eastern (NE) region is found to have a greater increase in annual air temperature over the simulation period with 5.5 °C compared to 3.5 °C for the south western (SW) region. The increase in annual summer temperatures is much smaller with a total increase of 1 °C for the NW and 1.5 °C for the SW. Both regions show a small, but significant, increase of precipitation. Relative humidity and cloud cover in the NE are increasing slightly over the time period, probably due to retreating sea ice cover. Glacier melt and runoff are increasing in both regions, which is contributing to significant negative trends in the mass balance. The increase in melt and run off is stronger in the SW than in the NE. There’s a strong correlation between summer air temperature and glacier mass balance, melt and runoff. Refreezing in the NE is decreasing much faster than in the SW. Refreezing is strongly correlated with annual air temperatures in the NE and not in the SW, probably due to lower temperatures in the NE region.
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Migliavacca, Alencar. "Balanço de massa, energia e exergia na produção intensiva de frangos de corte." Universidade de São Paulo, 2017. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/3/3150/tde-06122017-090731/.
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A produção brasileira de frangos de corte evidenciou-se com o sistema de produção integrada, ao elevar a eficiência e a qualidade na conversão de proteína animal. Contudo, devido à rápida evolução tecnológica com crescente demanda energética e a diversificação dos sistemas de produção em diferentes microclimas, elucidar os processos de conversão de massa e energia tornou-se uma tarefa desafiadora neste sistema de produção. Constantemente, pesquisadores, produtores e agroindústria buscam processos mais rentáveis, reduzindo a demanda em mão de obra e o impacto ambiental. No entanto, nunca foi feita uma avaliação integrada do sistema produtivo de frangos de corte, considerando-se os aspectos quantitativos, energéticos e ambientais. Deste modo, o objetivo deste trabalho é promover um detalhado balanço de massa e energia, além de avaliar por meio da análise exergética, a qualidade das conversões de energia no processo produtivo de frangos de corte. Com o levantamento de insumos, produtos e rejeitos diretos, vinculados ao ciclo de produção, foram quantificadas as vazões mássicas para os diferentes processos do ciclo e, aplicando-se a avaliação exergética, obteve-se um diagnóstico completo da quantidade e qualidade energética envolvidas. Considerando o cenário adotado, em termos mássicos, as maiores demandas identificadas para os insumos foram a água (69,2%) e a ração (24,9%). Na saída do processo, os Gases de Efeito Estufa (GEE)/particulados extraídos através da ventilação (39,4%), os gases de combustão da lenha (25,6%) e a cama (14,2%) formam os principais rejeitos. A massa de frangos representa 20% das saídas. Foi identificado que a relação entre o consumo de água e ração é função da temperatura. Em termos energéticos, as maiores contribuições identificadas para os insumos foram a ração (77,7%) acompanhada do material absorvente (9,7%) e da lenha (9,6%). Na saída do processo lideram as energias associadas aos frangos (33,2%) e da cama gerada (32,1%). O rendimento energético obtido para galpões convencionais foi de 27%. Os processos que mais destroem exergia dentro do ciclo produtivo são a formação da cama de frangos a partir das excretas (51,5% em convencionais e 48,2% em climatizados) e a combustão da lenha para aquecimento (21,9% em convencionais e 20,5% em climatizados). Além disso, foi estimado o rendimento de Segunda Lei para o ciclo próximo de 26%. Foram introduzidos os índices energético e exergético de produção permitindo a comparação entre diferentes sistemas. Como principal resíduo, a cama de frangos gerada no ciclo, quando reutilizada como insumo para aquecimento do próprio aviário na forma de briquetes, pode elevar as eficiências. Comparando-se as demandas médias para as duas formas de aquecimento, foi constatado que o uso do GLP é mais favorável ao ambiente se comparado à lenha, devido à forma direta de transferência de calor aos frangos. É aconselhável, em dias quentes, elevar a velocidade do ar, utilizando o resfriamento evaporativo somente em casos de elevada temperatura ambiente, pois a introdução de água eleva a exergia dissipada no ciclo.Brazilian production of broilers has been highlighted with the implantation of the integrated production system, which improved the efficiency and quality in animal protein conversion. However, due to the rapid technological evolution with the increasing energy demand and the diversification of production systems in different microclimates, elucidating mass and energy conversion processes has become a challenging task regarding this production system. Constantly, researchers, producers and agribusiness look for more profitable processes, reducing the labour demand and environmental impact. However, an integrated evaluation of the productive system of broilers, considering the quantitative, energy and environmental aspects has never been carried out. Thus, this study aims at promoting a detailed mass and energy balance and to evaluate the quality of the energy conversions in the productive process of broilers by means of exergy analysis. With the survey of inputs, products and direct wastes, linked to the production cycle, the mass flow rates for the different processes of the cycle were quantified and a complete diagnosis of the quantity and quality energetic involved was obtained applying the exergy evaluation. Considering the scenario adopted, in mass terms, the greatest demands identified for the inputs were water (69.2%) and feed (24.9%). At the exit of the process, the greenhouse gases/dust extracted through ventilation (39.4%), the firewood combustion gases (25.6%) and the litter poultry generated (14.2%) are the main outputs. The broilers mass was quantified in 20%. The relation between water and feed consumption has shown to be the temperature. Regarding energy, the largest contribution identified for the inputs was feed (77.7%) followed by the absorbent (9.7%) and firewood (9.6%). At the exit of the process lead the energy associated with the broilers (33.2%) and the poultry litter generated (32.1%). The energy performance obtained for conventional shed was 27%. The processes of the largest exergy destroyed within the productive cycle are the litter poultry converted from excreta (51.5% in conventional and 48.2% in air conditioning) and the combustion of wood for heating (21.9% in conventional and 20.5% in air conditioning). In addition, the second law performance for the cycle was estimated in about 26%. The energy and exergy production index was introduced allowing for the comparison among different systems. As the main residue, the litter poultry generated in the cycle when reused as an input for heating the aviary itself in the form of briquettes, can increase these efficiencies. The use of LPG is more environmentally friendly compared to wood, considering the average demands for the too forms of heating, due to the direct form of heat transfer to the broilers. It is advisable, on hot days, to raise the air speed using the evaporative cooling only in cases of high ambient temperature, as the introduction of water raises the exergy dissipated in the cycle.
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Eriksson, Rehn Ida. "Mass balance and local characteristics of three glaciers in southern Norway, between 1980 and 2018 : An analysis of the mass balance and the local characteristics of Ålfotbreen, Storbreen and Gråsubreen." Thesis, Stockholms universitet, Institutionen för naturgeografi, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-184671.
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Glaciers are known as climate indicators because of their sensitivity towards climatic perturbations and fluctuations. A majority of the world’s glaciers are currently melting as a response to climatic perturbations. Glaciers in Norway display the same pattern, and the loss of mass have accelerated during the 1990s to this day. The glaciers of interest in this paper is situated in a west to east transect with the maritime Ålfotbreen in the west, to the continental Gråsubreen in the east, with the intermediate Storbreen in between. Differences in the local climate have a significant impact on the future state of glaciers. This paper aims to compare the mass balance, mass turnover and mass balance sensitivity of the three glaciers of interest, between the years 1980 and 2018, to demonstrate the importance of the local climate and characteristics for glacial existence. Mass balance data series of each glaciers’ mass balance was analysed. In addition, development trends of the mean annual summer air temperature for respective glaciers’ region were also conducted. A literature review of relevant reports and publications will be presented and analysed to complement the result of this paper. The results of this paper indicate that the characteristics of respective glacier vary along the increasing continentality of the west to east transect, with the mass balance sensitivity decreasing from west to east. The mass turnover displayed varying patterns, between the years 1980 and 2018. ÅLF had the highest mass turnover for the period and GRÅ the smallest with STO in between. It can be concluded, based on the result of this paper, that the fate of glaciers depends on geographical location and local characteristics. The resemblance between Storbreen and Storglaciären, and the existence of Helagsglaciären who seem to survive against the odds, strengthens the importance of local characteristics.
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Woocay-Prieto, Arturo. "Groundwater hydrochemical facies, flowpaths and recharge determined by multivariate statistical, isotopic and chloride mass-balance methods." To access this resource online via ProQuest Dissertations and Theses @ UTEP, 2008. http://0-proquest.umi.com.lib.utep.edu/login?COPT=REJTPTU0YmImSU5UPTAmVkVSPTI=&clientId=2515.
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Stärner, Nathalie. "Mass balance analysis of phosphorous in Motala Ström River Basin : A focus on lake Roxen and Glan." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Tema vatten i natur och samhälle, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-81971.
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Phosphorous (P) has been found to be the limiting nutrient in freshwater systems, directly affecting rates of planktonic growth. The P circulation is very complex, and its pathways through lake systems are difficult to determine. Motala Ström is the biggest watercourse in the south-east of Sweden and an important source of P to the Baltic Sea. The aim of this study is to conduct a P mass balance analysis of the lakes Roxen and Glan over a period of time. The analysis will also include a quality control of the concentrations data. The P concentration data used in this investigation were collected from the Motala Ström River Association, consisting of seasonal or monthly concentration data of Tot-P during the period 1960-2010. Daily water flow data used in this study were modelled by the Swedish Meteorological and Hydrological Institute (SMHI) using the S-HYPE model. P concentration deviations from monthly averages at each sampling station were calculated, followed by a seasonal Mann Kendall trend analysis. At five out of eight sampling stations, negative trends were detected, indicating decreasing concentrations. The exception was the outflow from lake Glan, Stångån and Finspångsån. Linear interpolation of P concentration data was performed to create daily data for the period 1980-2010. Following interpolation, daily transport values were calculated and summed up to annual values. Lake Roxen has acted as a source of P during the whole period 1980-2010, except for one year. Lake Glan has acted as a source during 22 of the 31 years. There is a tendency of Glan to become more of a source over the years, which is in line with the deviation observations, but variation between years makes it necessary to analyse also future data in order to establish any possible trend in P transports. Before construction of wastewater treatment plants, the lakes were certainly sinks of phosphorus. But at least for Roxen, the switch from sink to source was completed before 1980.
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Magnusson, Hans. "From recovery boiler to integration of a textile fiber plant : Combination of mass balance analysis and chemical engineering." Licentiate thesis, Karlstads universitet, Institutionen för ingenjörs- och kemivetenskaper, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-37266.
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Modern chemical technology is an efficient tool for solving problems, particularly within the complex environment of the pulp and paper industry, and the combination of experimental studies, mill data and mass balance calculations are of fundamental importance to the development of the industry. In this study various examples are presented, whereby chemical technology is of fundamental importance. It is well documented that under normal conditions the molten salt mixture from the kraft recovery boiler flows down into the dissolving tank without problems. However, in the case of alternatives to the kraft recovery boiler, knowledge of more precise data of the molten salts is required for the design calculations. In this study the viscosity for the case of sodium carbonate and 30 mole% sulphide has been measured and is of the magnitude 2 – 3 cP at temperatures relevant for a recovery boiler, i.e. similar to water at room temperature. The presence of non-process elements (NPE) in a typical pulp mill has been investigated. The main input is with regards to the wood, and anticipated problems include; deposits in evaporators, high dead-load in liquor streams, plugging of the upper part of the recovery boiler and decreasing efficiency in the causticization department. Efficient green liquor clarification is of the greatest importance as an efficient kidney for many NPE. Mill data and calculations show that the magnesium added in the oxygen delignification does not form a closed loop. Integration of a prehydrolysis kraft pulp mill producing dissolving pulp with a plant producing viscose textile fiber could be highly beneficial. The prehydrolysis liquor will contain both sugars and acetic acid. It is however not possible to fully replace the sulphuric acid of the viscose spinning bath with acetic acid of own production. The sulphuric chemicals from the viscose plant can be partly taken care of in the kraft recovery area as well as the viscose plant which can be supplied with alkali and sulphuric acid. Zinc-containing effluents from the viscose plant can be treated with green liquor to precipitate zinc sulphide.Modern chemical technology is an extremely efficient tool for solving problems particularly in a complicated environment such as the pulp and paper industry. Here, examples are studied during which chemical technology is of fundamental importance. At normal conditions the molten salt mixture from the kraft recovery boiler flows down into the dissolving tank without hindrance. However, for certain kraft recovery boiler alternatives, knowledge of more precise data of the molten salts is required. The viscosity for the case of sodium carbonate and 30 mole% sulphide has been measured and is of the magnitude 2 – 3 cP at relevant temperatures. The main input of non-process elements (NPE) is down to the wood, and known problems include deposits in evaporators and decreasing efficiency in the causticization department. Green liquor clarification is an efficient kidney for many NPE. Magnesium added in the oxygen delignification does not form a closed loop. Integration of a prehydrolysis kraft pulp mill producing dissolving pulp with a plant producing viscose textile fiber could be of significant interest, as the handling of both alkali and sulphuric compounds can be integrated. Problems will however arise as the capacity of the pulping line and the chemical recovery has to be adjusted.
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Spence, Joshua. "PERVIOUS CONCRETE: A HYDROLOGIC ANALYSIS FOR STORMWATER MANAGEMENT CREDIT." Master's thesis, University of Central Florida, 2006. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETD/id/4176.
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Portland Cement pervious concrete's ability to permit water infiltration has encouraged its use as a stormwater management tool. However, the material has suffered historically poor support due to a number of factors, including failures due to poor mix design and improper construction techniques, concern about lesser structural strength, concern about poor long term performance due to clogging of surface pores and undefined credit for stormwater management. This study focuses on long term performances of pervious concrete parking lots and their stormwater management credit. Before stormwater management credit could be estimated, it was necessary to develop a testing device to gather information from existing pervious concrete parking lots currently in use. Eight parking lots were examined to determine the infiltration rates of the pervious concrete, as well as to verify the soil makeup beneath pavement. A total of 30 cores were extracted from pervious concrete parking lots and evaluated for infiltration rates. Three of the sites had a pervious concrete section that included a gravel reservoir. Infiltration rates were measured using the application of an embedded single-ring infiltrometer. In an attempt to provide an estimate of credit, a mass balance model was created to be used for simulation of the hydrologic and hydraulic function of pervious concrete sections. The purpose of the model is to predict runoff and recharge volumes for different rainfall conditions and hydraulic properties of the concrete and the soil. The field derived hydraulic data were used to simulate infiltration volumes and rainfall excess given a year of rainfall as used in a mass balance operated within a spreadsheet. The results can be used for assessing stormwater management credit.M.S.
Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering
Engineering and Computer Science
Civil Engineering
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Thuong, Nguyen Thi. "Heavy Metal Contamination in Water and Sediment of To Lich River in Inner City Hanoi." 京都大学 (Kyoto University), 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/180494.
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Phuthi, Thabisani Nigel. "Steelmaking with the ESS furnace : a model-based metallurgical analysis." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/75934.
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This research project investigated the option of steelmaking with the ESS furnace by using computational
modelling to estimate steady state decarburisation rates. It focused on understanding metallurgical
phenomena that would dictate refining rates of molten pig iron with iron ore. The results obtained
are aimed at designers and potential users of the furnace technology to improve their understanding of
the expected steady-state process behaviour. A mass-and-energy-balance model with a decarburisation
sub-model was developed to estimate feed material requirements for steady state operation.
Modelling and simulation results suggest that it may not be possible to produce steel under the
conditions proposed. However, the furnace still holds potential if ideal operational conditions are understood
and applied.
Modelling also gave insight into which areas areas of concern, such as bubble formation in the furnace’s
channel induction heaters, and necessity for a well designed refractory lining to contain heat and allow the
process to operate at a stable condition under the conditions proposed.
Keywords: ESS furnace, steelmaking, metallurgical analysis, modelling, mass and energy balance,
decarburisation kineticsDissertation (MEng)--University of Pretoria, 2020.
Materials Science and Metallurgical Engineering
MEng
Unrestricted
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Yeung, Wai Yin. "Environmental concentrations, toxicology, and development of new methods for extraction and mass balance analysis of perfluorinated compounds in environmental samples /." access full-text access abstract and table of contents, 2009. http://libweb.cityu.edu.hk/cgi-bin/ezdb/thesis.pl?phd-bch-b2374960xf.pdf.
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Thesis (Ph.D.)--City University of Hong Kong, 2009."Submitted to Department of Biology and Chemistry in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy." Includes bibliographical references (leaves 211-239)
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Runeskog, Henrik. "Continuous Balance Evaluation by Image Analysis of Live Video : Fall Prevention Through Pose Estimation." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för kemi, bioteknologi och hälsa (CBH), 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-297541.
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The deep learning technique Human Pose Estimation (or Human Keypoint Detection) is a promising field in tracking a person and identifying its posture. As posture and balance are two closely related concepts, the use of human pose estimation could be applied to fall prevention. By deriving the location of a persons Center of Mass and thereafter its Center of Pressure, one can evaluate the balance of a person without the use of force plates or sensors and solely using cameras. In this study, a human pose estimation model together with a predefined human weight distribution model were used to extract the location of a persons Center of Pressure in real time. The proposed method utilized two different methods of acquiring depth information from the frames - stereoscopy through two RGB-cameras and with the use of one RGB-depth camera. The estimated location of the Center of Pressure were compared to the location of the same parameter extracted while using the force plate Wii Balance Board. As the proposed method were to operate in real-time and without the use of computational processor enhancement, the choice of human pose estimation model were aimed to maximize software input/output speed. Thus, three models were used - one smaller and faster model called Lightweight Pose Network, one larger and accurate model called High-Resolution Network and one model placing itself somewhere in between the two other models, namely Pose Residual Network. The proposed method showed promising results for a real-time method of acquiring balance parameters. Although the largest source of error were the acquisition of depth information from the cameras. The results also showed that using a smaller and faster human pose estimation model proved to be sufficient in relation to the larger more accurate models in real-time usage and without the use of computational processor enhancement.Djupinlärningstekniken Kroppshållningsestimation är ett lovande medel gällande att följa en person och identifiera dess kroppshållning. Eftersom kroppshållning och balans är två närliggande koncept, kan användning av kroppshållningsestimation appliceras till fallprevention. Genom att härleda läget för en persons tyngdpunkt och därefter läget för dess tryckcentrum, kan utvärdering en persons balans genomföras utan att använda kraftplattor eller sensorer och att enbart använda kameror. I denna studie har en kroppshållningsestimationmodell tillsammans med en fördefinierad kroppsviktfördelning använts för att extrahera läget för en persons tryckcentrum i realtid. Den föreslagna metoden använder två olika metoder för att utvinna djupseende av bilderna från kameror - stereoskopi genom användning av två RGB-kameror eller genom användning av en RGB-djupseende kamera. Det estimerade läget av tryckcentrat jämfördes med läget av samma parameter utvunnet genom användning av tryckplattan Wii Balance Board. Eftersom den föreslagna metoden var ämnad att fungera i realtid och utan hjälp av en GPU, blev valet av kroppshållningsestimationsmodellen inriktat på att maximera mjukvaruhastighet. Därför användes tre olika modeller - en mindre och snabbare modell vid namn Lightweight Pose Network, en större och mer träffsäker modell vid namn High-Resolution Network och en model som placerar sig någonstans mitt emellan de två andra modellerna gällande snabbhet och träffsäkerhet vid namn Pose Resolution Network. Den föreslagna metoden visade lovande resultat för utvinning av balansparametrar i realtid, fastän den största felfaktorn visade sig vara djupseendetekniken. Resultaten visade att användning av en mindre och snabbare kroppshållningsestimationsmodellen påvisar att hålla måttet i jämförelse med större och mer träffsäkra modeller vid användning i realtid och utan användning av externa dataprocessorer.
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Fan, Xiaoya. "Dynamics underlying epileptic seizures: insights from a neural mass model." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2018. https://dipot.ulb.ac.be/dspace/bitstream/2013/279546/6/contratXF.pdf.
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In this work, we propose an approach that allows to explore the potential pathophysiological mechanisms (at neuronal population level) of ictogenesis by combining clinical intracranial electroencephalographic (iEEG) recordings with a neural mass model. IEEG recordings from temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) patients around seizure onset were investigated. Physiologically meaningful parameters (average synaptic gains of the excitatory, slow and fast inhibitory population, Ae, B and G) were identified during interictal to ictal transition. We analyzed the temporal evolution of four ratios, i.e. Ae/G, Ae/B, Ae/(B + G), and B/G. The excitation/inhibition ratio increased around seizure onset and decreased before seizure offset, suggesting the disturbance and restoration of balance between excitation and inhibition around seizure onset and before seizure offset, respectively. Moreover, the slow inhibition may have an earlier effect on the breakdown of excitation/inhibition balance. Results confirm the decrease in excitation/inhibition ratio upon seizure termination in human temporal lobe epilepsy, as revealed by optogenetic approaches both in vivo in animal models and in vitro. We further explored the distribution of the average synaptic gains in parameter space and their temporal evolution, i.e. the path through the model parameter space, in TLE patients. Results showed that the synaptic gain values located roughly on a plane before seizure onset, dispersed during ictal and returned when the seizure terminated. Cluster analysis was performed on seizure paths and demonstrated consistency in synaptic gain evolution across different seizures from individual patients. Furthermore, two patient groups were identified, each one corresponding to a specific synaptic gain evolution in the parameter space during a seizure. Results were validated by a bootstrapping approach based on comparison with random paths. The differences in the path revealed variations in EEG dynamics for patients despite showing an identical seizure onset pattern. Our approach may have the potential to classify the epileptic patients into subgroups based on different mechanisms revealed by subtle changes in synaptic gains and further enable more robust decisions regarding treatment strategy. The increase of excitation/inhibition ratios, i.e. Ae/G, Ae/B and Ae/(B+G), around seizure onset makes them potential cues for seizure detection. We explored the feasibility of a model based seizure detection algorithm. A simple thresholding method was employed. We evaluated the algorithm against the manual scoring of a human expert on iEEG samples from patients suffering from different types of epilepsy. Results suggest that Ae/(B+G), i.e. excitation/(slow + fast inhibition) ratio, allowed the best performance and that the algorithm best suited TLE patients. Leave-one-out cross-validation showed that the algorithm achieved 94.74% sensitivity for TLE patients. The median false positive rate was 0.16 per hour, and median detection delay was -1.0 s. Of interest, the values of the threshold determined by leave-one-out cross-validation for TLE patients were quite constant, suggesting a general excitation/inhibition balance baseline in background iEEG among TLE patients. Such a model-based seizure detection approach is of clinical interest and could also achieve good performance for other types of epilepsy provided that more appropriate model, i.e. better describe epileptic EEG waveforms for other types of epilepsy, is implemented. Altogether, this thesis contributes to the field of epilepsy research from two perspectives. Scientifically, it gives new insights into the mechanisms underlying interictal to ictal transition, and facilitates better understanding of epileptic seizures. Clinically, it provides a tool for reviewing EEG data in a more efficient and objective manner and offers an opportunity for on-demand therapeutic devices.Doctorat en Sciences de l'ingénieur et technologie
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
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Krohn, Jeremy P. "PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS OF A SUCCESSIVE ALKALINITY PRODUCING SYSTEM TREATING ACID MINE DRAINAGE AT SIMMONS RUN IN COSHOCTON COUNTY, OHIO." Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2007. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1173151741.
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Rafiee, Nima. "Process design and energy efficiency analysis of an oil and gas processing plant." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2018.
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The objective of this thesis is process design to prepare a heat and mass balance and associated equipment list that will process untreated reservoir fluids to allow export of saleable gas and oil in an oil and gas processing plant. Gas will be exported to an existing pipeline, oil to a nearby shuttle tanker. By energy efficiency analysis, some energy saving opportunities has been found such as heat integration, replacing control valves with expanders and improving pumps and compressors adiabatic efficiency and then the amount of power recovered through these opportunities have been calculated. After that by considering water added to the feed stream, gas dehydration unit is needed for gas drying. In this reason, a design of TEG dehydration unit has been done and compared with the energy consumption by molecular sieve dehydration unit. Comparison shows that molecular sieve dehydration unit consumes energy about two times more than TEG dehydration unit does. Furthermore, by designing fractionation unit and introducing dividing wall column, consumption of energy decreased about 33% in comparison with conventional columns. In the final part, some energy efficiency opportunities of pumps and compressors, which are the most energy consuming equipment in the oil and gas industries have been introduced. Moreover, the means of power generation for oil and gas plants have been studied. Most plants use gas turbine for power generation and introduce means of increasing gas turbine efficiency and its performance. In the final part some methods for recovery the low-grade heat, variable speed drive which shows significant energy saving, power recovery turbines and reducing friction losses through pipes have been defined.
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Grimaldi, David Andres. "Dissolved Gases and a Carbon Dioxide Balance from the San Vicente Geothermal Fieldin El Salvador, Central America." Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2021. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1615276127141058.
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Dang, Yu. "Value-added Conversion of Waste Cooking Oil, Post-consumer PET Bottles and Soybean Meal into Biodiesel and Polyurethane Products." The Ohio State University, 2016. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1468591615.
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Hedfors, Jim. "Force Budget Analysis of Glacier Flow : Ice Dynamical Studies on Storglaciären, Sweden, and Ice Flow Investigations of Outlet Glaciers in Dronning Maud Land, Antarctica." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala University, Department of Earth Sciences, 2004. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-4219.
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This thesis contributes to the understanding of glacier response to climate change by ice dynamical studies on Storglaciären, Sweden, and Bonnevie-Svendsenbreen, Kibergbreen and Plogbreen in Dronning Maud Land, Antarctica. Ice surface velocities, ice geometry and temperature information is fed through a force budget model to calculate ice mass outflux of these glacial systems via three-dimensional stress distributions for a flux-gate.
Field data were collected through repeated DGPS and GPR observations on Storglaciären between July 2000 to September 2001 and on Kibergbreen and Plobreen during the SWEDARP 2002/03 expedition to Antarctica. The work was strongly supported by remotely-sensed information.
The results from Storglaciären show a strength in the force budget model to discern both spatial and temporal variability in ice dynamical patterns. It highlights the influence of seasonality and bedrock topography upon glacier flow. A modeling experiment on Bonnevie-Svendsenbreen suggested that ice temperature increases substantially under conditions of high stress (≥0.4 MPa) due to strain-heating. This provides a positive feedback loop, increasing ice deformation, as long as it overcomes the advection of cool ice from the surface. These results explain, to some extent, the mechanism behind fast flowing ice streams. Mass flux caclulations from Bonnevie-Svendsenbreen suggest that the outflux given from force budget calculations can be used as a gauge for influx assuming steady state conditions. Plogbreen receives an influx of 0.48±0.1 km3 a-1 and expedites a discharge volume of 0.55±0.05 km3 a-1. This indicative negative mass balance is explained by a falling trend in upstream accumulation and the recent rise in global sea level, as it is likely to induce glacier acceleration due to a reduction in resistive forces at the site of the gate. This result is comparable with other Antarctic studies reporting negative mass balances, e.g. from WAIS, as caused by changes in the global atmospheric circulation pattern.
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Simonetti, Emeline. "Contribution au développement et à la validation de méthodes fondées sur la technologie embarquée pour l'analyse quantitative de la locomotion et la rééducation fonctionnelle de la personne amputée de membre inférieur." Thesis, Paris, HESAM, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020HESAE052.
Full textAbstract:
Un des objectifs majeurs de la rééducation des personnes amputées de membre inférieur appareillées est le retour à une marche physiologique, efficace énergétiquement et minimisant le risque de chutes lié à la perte d’équilibre. Peu d’outils cliniques permettent aujourd’hui de quantifier ces aspects de la locomotion. L’émergence de capteurs embarqués miniaturisés offre des opportunités pour la description quantitative et écologique de la marche. Dans ce contexte, l’objectif de la thèse était de contribuer au développement de protocoles embarqués pour apporter des données quantitatives pertinentes lors de la rééducation à la marche des personnes amputées de membre inférieur. Deux approches complémentaires ont été adoptées. La première approche consiste à utiliser un modèle biomécanique du corps afin d’extraire des descripteurs quantifiés pertinents. Un protocole permettant d’estimer l’accélération et la vitesse instantanée du centre de masse à partir de 5 centrales inertielles a ainsi été proposé à partir d’une analyse préliminaire sur les données de marche de dix personnes amputées transfémorales et a été validé chez une personne amputée transfémorale. La seconde approche consiste à extraire des paramètres concis par traitement du signal des données brutes des capteurs. La fiabilité et la pertinence clinique de la quantification de tels paramètres pour caractériser la symétrie et l’équilibre de la marche ont été étudiées pour la première fois chez les personnes amputées de membre inférieur. L’ensemble des travaux produits au cours de cette thèse contribue ainsi au transfert vers la clinique des outils embarqués d’analyse du mouvement par l’identification de paramètres biomécaniques et cliniques pertinents et la validation d’algorithmes originaux permettant la quantification de la marche des amputés de membre inférieurOne key objective during the rehabilitation of people with lower-limb amputation fitted with a prosthesis is the restoration of a physiological and energy-efficient gait pattern minimizing falling risks due to the loss of balance. Few practical tools are available to provide quantitative data to assist the follow-up of patients in the clinical routine. The development of wearable sensors offers opportunities to quantitatively and objectively describe gait in ecological situations. In this context, the aim of the thesis is to contribute to the development of wearable tools and protocols to support the functional rehabilitation of lower-limb amputees by providing clinically relevant quantitative data. Two complementary approaches have been implemented. The first approach consists in developing biomechanical models of the human body in order to retrieve biomechanically founded parameters. A protocol allowing to accurately estimate the body center of mass acceleration and instantaneous velocity has therefore been proposed based on gait data of ten people with transfemoral amputation and was validated in one person with transfemoral amputation. The second approach consists in identifying patterns in the signals measured by wearable sensors to extract concise descriptors of gait symmetry and dynamic balance. The clinical relevance and reliability of these descriptors have been investigated for the first time in people with lower-limb amputation. The work produced in the course of this thesis has contributed to the clinical transfer of wearable sensors into the clinical practice through the identification of clinically and biomechanically relevant parameters and the validation of original algorithms allowing to quantitatively describe the gait of lower-limb amputees
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Persson, Magnus. "Nutrient limitation for coastal areas and estuaries in the Baltic Sea : Applying linear regression analysis and TN/TP ratio to determine the limiting nutrient." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för ekologi och genetik, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-335780.
Full textAbstract:
The purpose of this study was to determine the limiting nutrient in a set of coastal areas and estuaries in the Baltic Sea. Although the subject as been studied for several decades, no clear consensus has been reached in the scientific community as to whether primary production is limited by phosphorus or nitrogen. A total of five coastal areas, all located on the east coast of Sweden, were assessed regarding their limiting nutrient by using three methods. The first method was applying linear regression analysis on measured TP and TN concentration together with chlorophyll-a and Secchi depth. The data was collected from sampling programs stretching back to the 1970s and 80s, studying the summer period May to September for all sites but one, were the period April to October was studied. The second method calculated the TN/TP ratio during the summer period and compared it to the Redfield ratio. Thirdly, basic mass-balance calculations were carried out, with empirical data on the external loads and calibrated with the yearly average concentration in the surface water (0–10 m). From the calculations, both the annual external and internal load of TP and TN was obtained. The different TP and TN loads were likewise tested for a correlation with the measured summer chlorophyll-a concentration and Secchi depth. The results of using linear regression analysis on measured concentrations were mostly inconclusive, as the TP and TN concentrations for all sites and most years were related to each other. Consequently both nutrients often gave equal correlation coefficients. Similarly the TP and TN loads also matched each other for most sites and years, inherently obtaining the same inconclusive, but also contradictory results, as when using the measured concentrations. The TN/TP ratio indicated, for one site that it was limited by phosphorus and another site possibly nitrogen limitation. The ratio in the other sites periodically dropped between nitrogen and phosphorus limitation over the years. Thus it was difficult to draw an overall conclusion as to what nutrient was the limiting one for all the sites. However analysing the results from the individual sites showed that three of the five sites had signs of phosphorus limitation. Two factors were deemed as being the main reasons as to why the methods did not achieve more conclusive results. The first factor was the empirical data, which varied in frequency and extent over the studied time periods and between sites, making representative concentrations difficult to calculate and evaluate. The second was the matching trends between both the concentrations and the loads of TP and TN. To achieve a better result one nutrient could be increased or decreased while one remains relatively constant. The problem with such an experiment would be controlling the inflow of nutrients from the adjacent sea.Syftet med detta projekt var att bestämma det begränsande näringsämnet för ett antal kustområden i Östersjön. Frågan huruvida fosfor eller kväve är det begränsande näringsämnet i kustområden runt Östersjön har varit omdiskuterad under flera år och undersökts vid ett flertal tillfällen. I denna studie testades tre metoder, i fem olika kustområden, med syftet att fastställa det begränsande näringsämnet. Först användes linjär regressionsanalys med uppmätta värden på TP och TN koncentrationer tillsammans med klorofyll-a och Secchidjup. Empirisk data insamlades från övervakningsprogram där prover tagits sedan 1970- och 80-talet. Medelvärden beräknades för perioden maj till september för alla områden förutom ett, där undersöktes perioden april till oktober. Sommarmedelvärdena för TN/TP kvoten analyserades också för alla områden med avseende på Redfield kvoten. Slutligen genomfördes massbalansberäkningar med data för de externa belastningarna av TP och TN, dessa beräkningar kalibrerades sedan med uppmätta värden på koncentrationen i ytvattnet (0–10 m). Utifrån beräkningarna erhölls värden på den externa och den interna belastningen. Dessa belastningar testades med linjär regression för ett samband med de uppmätta värdena på Secchidjup och klorofyll-a. Metoden att använda linjär regressionsanalys med empiriskt uppmätta koncentrationer och djup, gav generellt ett oklart resultat. Detta var en följd av att halterna av både TP och TN i regel följdes åt, vilket fick konsekvensen att korrelationskoefficienterna för TP och TN ofta var lika stora. Samma problem uppstod för regressionsanalysen med belastningarna, då även dessa ofta följde varandra, men även motsade resultatet med koncentrationerna. Analysen av TN/TP kvoten tydde på att ett område var fosforbegränsat och ett område möjligen var kvävebegränsat. För de övriga tre områdena skiftade TN/TP kvoten under åren mellan kväve- och fosforbegränsning. De oklara resultaten gjorde det svårt att dra en övergripande slutsats. Däremot vid analysen av de enskilda områdena uppvisade tre av de fem områdena tecken på fosforbegränsning, även om detta inte kunde med säkerhet fastställas. Det var huvudsakligen två faktorer vars inverkan anses ha haft stor betydelse för det oklara resultatet. Den första faktorn var uppmätt data, vars frekvens och omfattning skiljde sig avsevärt mellan år och platser. Följaktligen försvårades beräkningarna av koncentrationerna och tillförlitligheten i hur representativa värdena var. Den andra och avgörande faktorn var de matchande trenderna hos både koncentrationerna och belastningarna. För att förbättra resultatet kan ett näringsämne ändras, medan det andra näringsämnet hålls relativt konstant. Problemet med att genomföra ett sådant experiment skulle vara att kontrollera inflödet av näringsämnen från närliggande hav.
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Eyries, Pascal. "A dynamic distributed-parameter modeling approach for performance monitoring of oral drug delivery systems." Link to electronic thesis, 2003. http://www.wpi.edu/Pubs/ETD/Available/etd-0501103-161142.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis (M.S.)--Worcester Polytechnic Institute.Keywords: mass balance approach; bioavailability; drug delivery; dynamic modeling; partial differential equations; sensitivity analysis; dynamic simulations. Includes bibliographical references (p. 62-67).
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Howells, Christopher Corey. "The Modeling and Analysis of the Apoptotic BAD/tBID/BAK Pathway as a Chemical Reaction Network." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/26915.
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Apoptosis, or programmed cell death, is an essential process in all multi-cellular organisms. It is indispensable to an organismâ s survival, preventing the malicious propagation of DNA damage and pathogenic alterations, through the clean disposal of afflicted cells. The BAD/tBID/BAK pathway is a portion of the apoptosis molecular pathway, albeit an important pathway since it is known to be deregulated and lead to pathological ailments such as cancer.
Using chemical kinetics the BAD/tBID/BAK signaling pathway is modeled as a set of (nonlinear) ordinary differential equations. A first-cut numerical analysis reveals a mechanism where BAD sensitizes a switch from tBID activation to BAK activation. The phosphorylation of BAD is shown to inhibit this sensitizing effect. All behaviors are supported by experimental data, thereby validating the model of the BAD/tBID/BAK pathway. Moreover, modeling the phosphorylation of BAD as one of two modes, some conflicting experimental data about BADâ s phosphorylation can be disentangled.
Parameter values (in this case the kinetic rate constants) are prone to error or missing altogether. Chemical reaction network theory, however, provides a theoretical approach to complement the initial numerical analysis without having to specify rate constant values. We extend the global asymptotic stability and robustness results in [92] to include any complex-balanced mass-action network. This enables us to study the BAD/tBID/BAK signaling network by breaking it into two sub-networks: one with BAD and tBID, and the other with tBID and BAK.
The complex-balanced BAD/tBID sub-network is shown to possess a unique steady state which is globally asymptotically stable. This verifies the simple and dynamically well-behaved exchange of BAD for Bcl-2 proteins which guard against tBID activation. The second sub-network, tBID/BAK, is formulated as a complex-balanced network with a perturbation representing the reaction of tBID catalyzing the activation of BAK. Our theoretical results produce a non-conservative, though state-dependent, condition which can be used to prove global convergence to a neighborhood of the unperturbed steady state. We then illustrate the biological importance of the result for tBID/BAK sub-network with an example design for a drug delivery system.Ph. D.
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Claverie, Etienne. "Modélisation de la température du sol avec un bilan d’énergie, application à la prédiction de l’émergence du maïs (Zea mais)." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018SACLC028/document.
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La croissance en début de cycle des grandes cultures est principalement influencée par la température et la teneur en eau du sol. Nous avons développé un modèle capable de prédire ces variables grâce à l’utilisation de données climatiques largement disponibles. Des analyses de la sensibilité du modèle nous ont permis d’identifier les composants qui contribuent à son incertitude. Après calibration, une erreur moyenne relative de moins de 10 % est constatée pour la température et la teneur en eau à 30 cm de profondeur.Dans des conditions de semis standard en Suisse, l’émergence du maïs a été mieux prédite en utilisant notre température de sol simulée plutôt que la température de l’air, plus couramment utilisée. Ce travail est une application d’un modèle biophysique complexe à un problème agronomique. Les résultats participeront à l’optimisation de l’effort de sélection des variétés tolérantes au froid. Deux pistes de recherche peuvent être considérées pour des futurs travaux: une meilleure modélisation de l’évaporation et une décomposition de l’émergenceThe beginning of crop growth is influenced by soil temperature and water content near the surface. We have developed a model that predicts the local temperature and water content surrounding the seed using easily available meteorological data. Our global sensitivity analysis helped us identify the components of the model with the largest contribution to the output uncertainty. After calibration, the model showed less than 10 % relative error for temperature and water content at 30 cm. In standard sowing conditions in north-western Switzerland, the emergence was better predicted when using our simulated seed bed temperature than air temperature, the classical proxy variable. Combining the emergence model with soil temperature simulation, an accurate prediction of emergence was achieved. This work is an example of applying complex biophysics model for understanding an agronomic problem. The results of this work will participate in optimising breeding efforts for cold-tolerant crop varieties. Future investigations should consider a finer modelling of processes for evaporation and emergence
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Hvizdoš, Pavel. "Aplikace Balanced Scorecard jako nástroj řízení strategie společnosti Formy Tachov, s. r. o., divize Opravna." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2009. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-11487.
Full textAbstract:
Práce se zabývá aplikací Balanced Scorecard (BSC) jako nástroje řízení strategie společnosti Formy Tachov, s.r.o., divize Opravna. Nejprve je provedena analýza úspěšnosti stávající strategie společnosti pomocí analýzy ekonomické výkonnosti společnosti jako celku i jejích divizí. Dále je provedena analýza tvorba hodnoty pro vlastníky společnosti pomocí nástroje INFA. Dále je v práci navržena nová strategie společnosti i jejích divizí. Strategie společnosti je říená pomocí systémového vyladění divizí se strategií společnosti na celoorganizační úrovni. Pro řízení strategií je navržen systém BSC cílů a indikátorů, dále jsou navrženy BSC stratgické mapy společnosti jako celku i jejích divizí.
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Harena, Tchamse. "Essai de validation et perspectives d'application en agrometeorologie d'un modele de simulation de la croissance et du developpement du mais : ceres-maize." Clermont-Ferrand 2, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988CLF2D214.
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Apres une description du modele couple de simulation du bilan hydrique, du developpement et de la croissance, les valeurs simulees sont comparees aux donnees recueillies lors de quatre annees d'experimentation dans le puy-de-dome sur deux varietes de mais (dea et boree). On a constate que du point de vue phenologique le modele presente un retard de precocite et que les valeurs de croissance sont sous estimees. On etudie la sensibilite du modele aux parametres genetiques d'entree et a deux coefficients numeriques (phyllochrone et plastochrone), puis a la variation de l'etat hydrique du sol et a une irrigation intervenant pendant la floraison femelle
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HUI, LAI SHU, and 賴淑惠. "Mass balance analysis on the lateritic soils of Taoyuan tableland." Thesis, 2014. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/4w2z4y.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立彰化師範大學
地理學系
102
There are terrace landforms in the Taoyuan tableland. Previous studies has correlated these geomorphic surface based on various methods. The most recently documented result was based on the technique determined by the time-depending physical properties. However, the equivalent results on chemical properties has not been proved or tested. In this study, five soil profiles sampled from the Taoyuan tableland were examined for the degree of chemical weathering by applying the theorem of mass balance. The soil prosperities of volumetric density, volume, and chemical composition were measured and used in the calculation for the comparison of soil before and after weathering. Titanium is the trace element considered immobile from leaching during soil development, and serves as a reference during the calculation of mass balance. The continuity of whole profile was examined by checking the concerned ratios of texture and element. With the bottom soil of sampled profile as parent material and the titanium element as reference for mass balance calculation, the variation of elements in soil before and after weathering was measured to explore the extent of evolution and chemical weathering of the sampled soil from Taoyuan plateau. From results of this study reveals that there is continuity among these five soil samples, representing no obvious incidents that interfered with the evolution process. Mass balance calculation shows that, among base cations, ions such as potassium, sodium, and magnesium are easy to weather and leach from the soil samples. The increase of TY-SF sodium is probably due to the neighborhood of sample location with sea. The elements of sodium might relevantly come from ocean, rainfall and the atmosphere. As to elements such as iron, aluminium, manganese, etc., among them, the loss of iron element is relatively obvious. The iron elements mostly run off and increasingly deposited to the lower layer. The silicon is the element with the most concentration in soil samples. Moreover, with less variation, the titanium elements are more significantly stable than the others in the soil. The evolution extent of five soil profiles were estimated in this study by judging the quantity of lost iron in soil, which was summarily found to be TY-SF> TY-BGG> TY-PJ and TY-2d> TY-3a. Among them, the iron elements run off the most in TY-SF profile and the least in TY-3a profile, which are perhaps due to an older and younger stratum respectively. These results agree with that of Guo’s study (2013), which investigated the formation of cascaded terraces in Taoyuan plateau based on physical properties. This also indicates that the analysis approach based on chemical properties is feasible and complementary to the analysis approach based on physical properties.
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szu-tzu, Chen, and 陳思慈. "Mass balance analysis on the lateritic soils of Tsaotun river terraces." Thesis, 2010. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/87716773189146564839.
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碩士國立彰化師範大學
地理學系
98
Mass balance analysis of soil provide relationship among bulk density, volume changes and soil chemical composition in relation to parent material. By estimating the gain, loss and translocation of elements in soil profile or horizons allows us to investigate the interactions between the soil evolution and the environments. Six soil pedons were sampled from Tsaotun river terraces in central Taiwan. This study based on the ratios of particle size and elements to identify parent material uniformity. The bottom (least weathered) horizon of the soil profile was assumed for the parent material. Zr was used as immobile element to calculate mass balance analysis. The comparison of the variation in elements during weathering in different partize size fraction, help to understand the degree of soil evolution. The six pedons didn’t indicate LDs (Lithologic Discontinuities), which suggest no disturbing events occurred in pedologic process. The result of mass balance analysis indicated that gain and loss of elements varied in the soil profiles. K and Mg are the easier leaching loss of base cations than others from the soil profile in the weathering process. Fe, Al and Mn loss from the upper horizons, redistribute to the lower horizons, and transform form sand fraction to silt and clay fraction, whereas Fe and Al are more significant. Si has the most concentration in the profile; thus Si has the most mass flux. The slight loss of Ti indicates that Ti is more immobile than other elements. The volumetric change of the profile TTN-1a and TTN-1b are collapsed. It maybe resulted from the loss of primary elements or erosion, and causing the thickness less than the profile TTN-2 and TTN-3. By using the property that Fe and Ti are gradually enriched in silt and clay fraction in long term weathering, the evaluation of the degree of soil development is TTN-1a≧TTN-1b＞TTN-2≧TTN-3＞TTN-4＞TTN-5. By comparing the negative mass flux, the negative mass flux of the highest pedon of studied Tsaotun river terraces is less than Pakua tableland. Thus, according to the degree of soil development and the calculated results of chemical weathering, the age of studied soil on Tsaotun river terraces is probably younger than the soil evolution on Pakua tableland.
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Chu, Kuan-Yan, and 朱寬彥. "Mass transfer analysis on the hollow fiber membrane absorption of CO2 using the mass balance law." Thesis, 2008. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/06994182967118193972.
Full textAbstract:
碩士元智大學
化學工程與材料科學學系
96
The main study focused on the model building of hollow fiber absorption of CO2 and the mass transfer theory. The model was based on non-wetted mode in which the absorbent (water or MEA) flows into shell side and the well-mixing gas (CO2/N2) flow into lumen side; whereas the liquid flow in the shell side was characterized by Happel’s free surface model. After the experiment, we used the mass balance law to simulate the system and check up the results. During the operating conditions, the mass transfer coefficient (Koverall) of water to CO2 was positive proportion to the liquid flow rate, and had no difference with the gas flow rate. When the absorbent was MEA, the tendency was the same as water, and Koverall of MEA is bigger than water and the difference became more pronounced as the increasing of liquid flow rate. For the simulation result of water absorbet or MEA absorbent in non-recycle way, the standard deviation between experimental results was less than 10, so we can announce that the the model we used can describe the system well. In the simulation results of MEA in non-recycle way, we found that the effective length was changed more pronounced with concentration of MEA, effective length was positive proportion to the concentration of MEA. After we build up the simulation method, we used the model to simulate the system when the absorbent was recycled and the larger module. After the simulation, we can know that the physical absorption was more siginificantly influenced by liquid flow rate, the time when gas output concentration was equal to inlet concentration, and chemical absorption was more siginificantly influenced by gas flow rate.
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Tasi, Chao-Yuan, and 蔡兆原. "Analysis of Humic Acid Fouling during Ultrafiltration Using the Mass Balance Theory." Thesis, 2003. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/37585476950838885898.
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碩士國立臺灣大學
環境工程學研究所
91
The influence of operational parameter on the fouling behavior and resistances for ultrafiltration of humic acid were studied. Flux decline was analyzed by the resistance-in-series model. In filtration processes the amount of humic acid accumulated on membrane’s surface was calculated by mass balance theory. According to the fouling resistance we provide a simple equation for forecasting the amount of humic acid accumulation on membrane’s surface. There are three operational parameters in this experiment including transmembrane pressure, pore size of membrane and TOC concentration of inflow water. The results showed that TOC concentration has smaller influence on flux decline. Higher transmembrane pressure and larger pore size have greater influence on flux decline. Although TOC concentration does not have great effect on flux decline but it has large impacts on humic acid fouling behavior. After 24 hours ultrafiltration there is 0.73 g/m2 humic acid accumulation on membrane’s surface when TOC concentration is 2 mg/L and transmembrane pressure equals to 10psi. At the same condition but using TOC concentration of 9 mg/L, the fouling accumulation on membrane’s surface has greatly increased to 3.896 g/m2, which has a 434% increase. By using 30k and 100k membrane, it both has an increase of 140% or more. TOC concentration is a minor factor on flux decline, but it is a deciding factor for fouling accumulation on surface membrane. Irreversible resistance has great dependence on transmembrane pressure. When transmembrane pressure was increased the accumulation becomes more compact. Key words: resistance in series model, mass balance theory, fouling resistance.
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Barros, Ana Isabel Faustino. "Mass balance analysis of carbon and nitrogen in industrial mixotrophic microalgae cultures." Master's thesis, 2014. https://repositorio-aberto.up.pt/handle/10216/88645.
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Barros, Ana Isabel Faustino. "Mass balance analysis of carbon and nitrogen in industrial mixotrophic microalgae cultures." Dissertação, 2014. https://repositorio-aberto.up.pt/handle/10216/88645.
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蕭雅文. "Mass balance analysis on the lateritic soils of Tadu tableland and Hsinhse area." Thesis, 2007. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/20170837930552203321.
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Li, F. Y., and 李峰佑. "Design and Modal Analysis for Dynamic Balance Mass of the Reciprocating Air Compressor Crankshaft." Thesis, 2008. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/83007775334539621177.
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碩士國立彰化師範大學
機電工程學系
96
Improving the vibration problem is the main goal of this study for finding the optimal crankshaft counterweight of the reciprocating compressor. Therefore this research mainly aims for designing the appropriate crankshaft counterweight with effective way to reduce the vibration for a commercial reciprocating compressor. As the counterweight reduces the kinetic orbit of crankshaft connecting rod, the decreasing unbalanced orbit corresponds to less vibration. First, we will establish an analytical model for computing the counterweight of the crank based on the dimension of air compressor and drive specifications. Design issue is created for a new crankshaft that fit the air compressor with vibration and noise requirements. Finite element software is used to simulate the modal and deformed situation under variant weight of the crank. Besides, spectrum analyzer for modal testing is introduced for analyzing signals from impulse hammer and accelerometer. Through analytical, simulation and experimentation, this research develops a complete process for crankshaft counterweight design. The designed crankshaft counterweight is implemented and verified through vibration reduction of 50.62%. Experimental result validates this research output.
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Mota, Roberto Duarte. "SABIC’s functional forms plant mass balance, production and waste analysis, and sawdust removal and elimination." Master's thesis, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.26/25450.
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No âmbito do Mestrado em Processos Químicos e Biológicos, o aluno tem a oportunidade de realizar um estágio para a obtenção do grau de Mestre. Este estágio foi realizado na Saudi Basic Industries Corp (SABIC) mais especificamente no departamento Functional Forms (Specialty Films & Sheets, SF & S, na época) na SABIC Innovative Plastics BV em Bergen op Zoom, Holanda, que é especializada na produção de folhas e filmes de policarbonato.
Este relatório de estágio teve como objetivo desenvolver uma ferramenta que permitisse calcular o balanço mássico de produção por lote, compatível para todos os produtos e todas as linhas. Foi também desenvolvida uma análise de produção das seis linhas nos anos 2014 e 2015 e posteriormente uma análise com maior incidência nos desperdícios produzidos nesses anos, tendo como objetivo determinar um conjunto de ações com o intuito de reduzir a produção dos mesmos. Outra vertente deste estágio consistiu em estudar o problema de produção de serradura nas estações de corte das linhas 1 e 4. A serradura produzida nas linhas de produção fica aderida às folhas de plástico ficando presa entre a pelicula de proteção (masking) e a folha, bem como à superfície. Esta limitação tem impedido a SABIC de progredir em vários mercados tais como o das aplicações óticas. Com o objetivo de prevenir a produção de serradura e/ou removê-la do produto foi desenvolvida uma investigação tendo como intuito estabelecer um conjunto de ações de minimização do problema e a sua priorização.
Ao longo deste trabalho foram desenvolvidas várias versões da ferramenta, em Microsoft® Excel, que permite realizar o balanço mássico por lote, chegando a uma versão final, a análise de produção dos anos 2014 e 2015, com maior foco nos desperdícios. A ferramenta teria que simular a realidade o máximo possível, teria que ser compatível com todas as linhas de produção, todas as matérias primas e todos os produtos finais, e, no limite, teria que apresentar uma margem de erro de 2%. Foram desenvolvidas duas versões com bases diferentes, uma tendo como base as dimensões do produto final e outra com base no tempo e velocidade da linha de produção. Por ser mais consistente com a operação real da linha, optou-se por se seguir a versão que tem por base o tempo e a velocidade da linha. A versão final obtida cumpre os objetivos propostos, tendo-se verificado quando testada que se manteve dentro do limite de erro máximo admissível.
Com base na análise de produção dos anos 2014 e 2015, foi possível constatar que ambos os anos tiveram produções muito semelhantes apesar de no ano 2015 se ter produzido menos, sendo que em 2014 houve um rendimento de 83,6% e em 2015 de 83,2%. As linhas que mais produziram foram as linhas 1 e 4 sendo as que também obtiveram um maior rendimento. Também em 2014 foram produzidos mais desperdícios do que em 2015. Previsivelmente as linhas que mais contribuíram para estes valores foram também as linhas 1 e 4. Para realizar uma análise dos desperdícios estes foram divididos em várias categorias quanto à sua causa de produção: qualidade (defeitos no produto produzido), operacional (manutenção), falha (falhas técnicas), mudanças (mudanças de especificações do produto produzido), início de produção (arranque das linhas de produção) e outros (não aplicáveis nas restantes categorias). Concluiu-se que nas linhas 1, 2 e 4 grande parte dos desperdícios produzidos foram devido à categoria mudanças. Na linha número 3, uma linha de apoio e de testes, as causas de desperdícios estavam equilibradas. A linha 4 para além dos desperdícios causados por mudanças de produção teve como grande causador de desperdícios a categoria operacional, o que faz sentido, já que sendo a linha de produção de produtos óticos é necessária uma grande quantidade de material desperdiçado para limpar os rolos da mesma. Quanto às linhas de produção de filme, linhas 5 e 6, a categoria que mais se destaca é a linha de início de produção. Após estas conclusões realizou-se uma análise mais pormenorizada à categoria de mudanças nas linhas 1, 2, 3 e 4, sendo a mudança de espessura a que mais se destacou. Nas linhas de produção de filme analisou-se a categoria de começo de produção e a maior causa é devido a falhas técnicas.
Durante esta análise foi possível verificar que a produção de corridas longas (long runs) ajuda a aumentar o rendimento e a minimizar o material desperdiçado produzido. Além disso, também foi determinado que pequenas mudanças na espessura da folha produzem menos desperdícios do que grandes diferenças na espessura a ser produzida. Não foi possível estabelecer uma correlação entre a quantidade de desperdícios produzida e algumas especificações, tal como uma cor ou espessura em específico. Por outro lado, maiores rendimentos foram obtidos pelas especificações que foram produzidas em maior quantidade ao longo do ano. Isso mostra que é essencial desenvolver um planeamento de produção sempre com o intuito de minimizar as mudanças entre os lotes. No final, uma pequena equipa, envolvendo departamentos de produção e vendas, foi formada e estabeleceu algumas ações para dar continuação a este projeto: racionalização de certas cores em todas as linhas; otimização do planeamento de blocos na linha 1; racionalização de certas larguras na linha 1 e 2; racionalização da largura de 1250 mm e acima de 5 mm de espessura e coletar informações detalhadas sobre as mudanças de espessura e cor na linha 1, 2, 3 e 4; e implementação de um projeto de limpeza dos rolos da linha 4 (já em curso).
O projeto de separação ou eliminação de serradura teve como início coletar informação do funcionamento da linha, informação de projetos anteriores e recolher feedback de várias partes envolvida na produção e na empresa de coating a jusante do processo produtivo. Organizou-se também duas reuniões de brainstorm, com a participação de várias partes envolvidas no processo de produção. A primeira teve como objetivo identificar quais seriam as causas mais prováveis para a produção de serradura e a segunda para propor possíveis soluções para essas causas e priorizá-las. A partir daí foram desenvolvidas várias ações com o intuito de alcançar as possíveis soluções. Essas ações abrangeram vários campos tanto na eliminação como na tentativa de remoção, nomeadamente a manutenção, design das serras, design da linha, configurações do processo e aplicação da masking. Após várias experiências com o intuito de fazer o despiste das diferentes causas de produção de serradura, concluiu-se que seriam necessários diferentes designs de serras para diferentes espessuras de folha produzida, serras essas que têm que estar em bom estado de conservação e disponíveis para serem armazenadas e instaladas de maneira simples. Para isso, desenvolveu-se uma tabela que designa o tipo de serra a ser usada para as diferentes espessuras produzidas, um protocolo com a empresa externa que fornece e faz a manutenção das serras usadas. Também se desenvolveu um novo método de armazenamento e registo das serras, e desenvolveu-se uma ferramenta que permite tirar amostras da serradura produzida aquando dos cortes durante a produção. Por fim, após a maioria destas medidas terem sido aplicadas, foi possível ver uma melhoria na qualidade dos cortes, principalmente na produção de serradura entre a folha e a masking. Por outro lado, ainda se verificou a existência de serradura sobre as folhas, apesar de ser em menor quantidade, sendo que a sua total separação requer uma pesquisa mais aprofundada, que poderá passar por um melhoramento do sistema de sucção instalado nas linhas.
Os dois projetos desenvolvidos durante o estágio irão permitir que a Functional Forms otimize a produção, quantificando as diferentes linhas de produção e reduzindo os resíduos. Também irá permitir melhorar a qualidade do produto final, prevenindo e separando a serradura do produto final, reduzindo as queixas de qualidade, permitindo que a SABIC cresça em diferentes mercados, nomeadamente no mercado de produtos com aplicações médicas, visores de aparelhos eletrónicos, visores de meios de transporte, já que estes requerem folhas de policarbonato com qualidade ótica.
Devido a razões de confidencialidade, por parte da SABIC, não foram divulgados valores das quantidades produzias no capítulo 3 (Production and Wastes Analysis). Assim como não foram divulgadas as empresas externas, com quais a SABIC tem parceria, nem as marcas dos materiais usados no capítulo 4 (Sawdust Removal and Elimination), no presente relatório de estágio.
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Chiou, Ming-Jong, and 丘明中. "A Study on Mass Balance Analysis of Fly Ash and Its Heavy Metals of MSW Incinerator." Thesis, 1996. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/78907712954107863405.
Full text
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Jhang, Wei-Jhong, and 張維中. "The Evaluation of Sludge Anaerobic Digestion in Public Sewage Treatment Plant - Ultrasonic Hydrolysis & Mass Balance Analysis." Thesis, 2015. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/fey369.
Full textAbstract:
碩士朝陽科技大學
環境工程與管理系
103
This study mainly focused on public sewage treatment plants to conduct the effectiveness evaluation of anaerobically digested sludge and respectively conducted the sludge ultrasonic analysis and mass balance analysis. After the sludge ultrasonic analysis, the organic matter release, sludge reduction, and gas effects of hydrolysis products were discussed. Furthermore, the study simultaneously carried out domestic sewage plant data collection and conducted a mass balance analysis to establish the assessment framework for the sludge treatment units. The experimental results show that in the ultrasonic sludge hydrolysis in terms of dissolution of CODs, concentrated and digested sludge had notable effects, but in the sludge reduction portion, digested sludge had no significant change. In the concentrated sludge after the lengthening of ultrasonic processing time, the reduced rate of TS or SS significantly decreased; thus, the sludge after hydrolysis, biochemical methane production potential test, and concentrated sludge biogas production were as follows: untreated > 1 min > 5 min > 10 min; digested sludge 10 min ≥ 5 min > untreated > 1 min > 30 min. For concentrated and digested sludge after ultrasound hydrolysis, although dissolution of CODs increased and sludge (concentrated sludge only) decreased, gas production situation did not increase in the BMP test. From the data provided by each sewage treatment plant, the reported information showed no unity, and most of the sewage treatment plants did not have statistics on sludge volume. As a balance analysis could not be effectively conducted on each unit, the evaluation results of onsite field interviews and sampling showed that each unit reached the mass balance, the effectiveness of anaerobic digestion was also above standard, and the operating conditions were good. For the sludge unit to carry out an effectiveness evaluation, it is recommended that the test items and frequency be unified.
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吳政緯. "The Design and Model Analysis of the Dynamic Balance Mass for the Crankshaft of a Two–cylinder Reciprocating Air Compressor." Thesis, 2011. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/37479110826794951081.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立彰化師範大學
機電工程學系
99
Improving the vibration problem is the main goal of this study by finding the optimal crankshaft counterweight of the two-cylinder reciprocating compressor. Therefore this research mainly aims for designing the appropriate crankshaft counterweight with effective way to reduce the vibration of the two-cylinder commercial reciprocating compressor. First, we will establish an analytical computation and procedure for calculating counterweight of the crank based on the dimension of air compressor and drive specifications. Second, design issue is created for a new crankshaft that fit the air compressor with vibration and noise suppression requirements. Finite element software of ANSYS is used to do the simulation for the modal analysis of the crankshaft. A new crankshaft counterweight is proposed effectively to increase the first mode of the natural frequency for the crankshaft of the compressor.
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Svedin, Claes. "An energy balance analysis for current and future production of paper at Mondi Dynäs paper mill : A development project of current and future scenarios for the steam and condensate network with proposals for enhanced utilization of energy." Thesis, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-115895.
Full textAbstract:
Mondi Dynäs is a pulp and paper producer in the north of Sweden close to the town Kramfors. Last year Mondi Dynäs produced 231,404 tons of Kraft paper. In order to increase their production to 300,000 tons of paper per year this study was done in order to investigate how the increased biomass flow would affect the generation of steam along with the steam and condensate balance. This study started with a mapping of the current steam and condensate balance for one winter period January – Mars and one summer period July – September 2015. The resulting balance is used as reference period for the development of the future steam and condensate scenario where Mondi Dynäs will achieve the targeted production of 300,000 tons of paper per year. The future model shows that the future production of paper will give an abundance of biomass since the generation of steam will be more than sufficient. For the winter period the venting of steam over roof could be derived to 11.9 tons per hour and 34.4 tons per hour during the summer period. This can be compared to the current situation where the winter period gave an average steam blow out of 8.7 tons per hour and for the summer period 13.1 tons per hour. To utilize the accumulated energy from these energy streams, three different scenarios was studied. The first scenario were a future installation of a backpressure turbine along with a condensing turbine section. The new turbine would be attached to the highest pressure level at 65.5 bar and have a backpressure exhaust at 20 bar which will give a power of 7.6 MWe. The second scenario included the implementation of a new condensing turbine with the current system design for the steam network and boilers. This turbine would be attached to the 3.5 bar network and give the electricity power of 1.9 MWe. The third scenario included the installation of a new bark dryer. This would give Mondi Dynäs the possibility to sell bark to an external actor on the energy market. From derived figures in the future scenario model it would be possible to sell 108,144 MWh of bark while running the bark boiler. Mondi Dynäs AB is recommended to add a new condensing turbine to their steam network. The new turbine would be able to produce 1.9 MWe and need a cooling water flow of 190 tons of water per hour. Derived figures for the investment shows a NPV of 0.6 MEUR and the IRR value of 31 %
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Bald, M. "Development of textural differentiation in soils: a quantitative analysis." Thesis, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/2440/91783.
Full textAbstract:
This item is only available electronically.A soil profile exhibiting strong textural differentiation between surface and subsurface horizons at Keyneton, South Australia, was sampled for quantitative and qualitative analyses of the processes responsible for development. From constant resistant mineral ratios throughout the profile it was concluded that the soil had formed from uniform parent material, suggesting that pedological processes had heavily influenced formation. Particle size distribution, clay mineralogy determined by XRD, and microstructural features indicated that clay accumulation in the subsurface was accompanied by a greater intensity of weathering in the surface horizons. The presence of void argillans in the B horizon provided strong evidence for the translocation of clay. Mass balance calculations showed significant volumetric expansion and mass gain throughout the entire profile, but greatest in the B horizons. Al, Fe, Na and Si were all gained in large quantities. The results indicate that clay translocation by illuviation is a dominant process in the development of textural differentiation, with some clay likely to have formed in situ.
Thesis (B.Sc.(Hons)) -- University of Adelaide, School of Physical cinches, 2012
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Dart, Robert C. "Gold-in-calcrete: a continental to profile scale study of regolith carbonates and their association with gold mineralisation." Thesis, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/2440/61507.
Full textAbstract:
Regolith carbonate, especially when indurated (calcrete), has been widely adopted as a
sampling medium by many Australian Au exploration companies. Rapid uptake of the
medium in geochemical exploration programs, following its reported success in the South
Australia Challenger Au deposit discovery, has resulted in poorly constrained sampling
methodology with many inconsistencies. Results have therefore been equivocal. This study of
regolith carbonates and their association with Au will improve this situation. Three aspects of
regolith carbonate development and association with Au are investigated. These are based on
variable spatial scales, ranging from the southern Australian continent, to local area, to
individual profile.
On a continental scale, regolith carbonates cover extensive areas of southern Australia. The
primary component, Ca, is sourced from mineral weathering or atmospheric sources. Through
the use of Sr isotopes to provide a surrogate expression for Ca sources, the source was
identified as > 90% atmospheric or marine derived. A uniform inland signature is identified,
which is due to the continual recycling and mixing of marine derived Ca with minimal
bedrock input. An external Ca source means that Ca does not have a direct relationship with
Au, which is locally sourced from mineralised areas.
On a local scale, a Au-in-calcrete anomaly extending over 20 km² and lying over both
mineralised (Tunkillia Au prospect) and barren bedrock was investigated. Regolith-landform
mapping and geochemistry was used to further identify the zone of elevated Au-in-calcrete.
The zone was found to correspond spatially with palaeo- and contemporary drainage systems
that currently flow into ephemeral lakes. Geochemistry of the area shows that the majority of
elements have been transported and enriched along these systems. This dispersion pattern and
its contemporary landscape expression is complicated by dune fields over mineralisation that
partially cover the palaeo-drainage. Millions of dollars have been spent drilling this anomaly
with no significant mineralisation found beyond the discrete Tunkillia mineralized zones, yet
with the aid of regolith-landform mapping an explanation of the anomaly spatial pattern and
dispersion pattern has been provided at very low cost.
On the profile scale, two regolith carbonate profiles from the White Dam Au-Cu prospect
were analysed in detail. Mass balance calculations revealed chemical gains and losses for the
soil horizon and total profile. The investigation quantified the extensive external Ca input and
revealed the position and size of the Au particles. Gold in the profile prior to regolith
carbonate development is concentrated at the top of what is presently the regolith carbonate
horizon as calcite precipitation in void spaces reduces permeability. Ongoing calcite
precipitation up the profile locks in the Au, resulting in a Au-in-calcrete anomaly.
Exposure of Au-enriched calcrete horizons to chemical and physical weathering results in
decomposition of the material. This material can then be transported in the form of surface
lag, which may settle on top of existing and still developing regolith carbonates to form new
Au-in-calcrete anomalies that are unrelated to underlying bedrock.
The formation of Au-in-calcrete anomalies in relation to landscape processes is demonstrated.
Additional information on landscape setting, gathered while sampling, can therefore improve
interpretation of regolith carbonate geochemistry. Exploration companies that take time to
understand the landscape setting in this way and react accordingly, can therefore expect
improved results.Thesis (Ph.D.) - University of Adelaide, School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, 2009.
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Buckley, John G., G. Cooper, C. N. Maganaris, and N. D. Reeves. "Is stair descent in the elderly associated with periods of high centre of mass downward accelerations?" 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10454/9630.
Full textAbstract:
NoWhen descending stairs bodyweight becomes supported on a single limb while the forwards-reaching contralateral limb is lowered in order to make contact with the step below. This is associated with lowering of the centre of mass (CoM), which in order to occur in a controlled manner, requires increased ankle and knee joint torque production relative to that in overground walking. We have previously shown that when descending steps or stairs older people operate at a higher proportion of their maximum eccentric capacity and at, or in excess of the maximum passive reference joint range of motion. This suggests they have reduced and/or altered control over their CoM and we hypothesised that this would be associated with alterations in muscle activity patterns and in the CoM vertical acceleration and velocity profiles during both the lowering and landing phases of stair descent. 15 older (mean age 75 years) and 17 young (mean age 25 years) healthy adults descended a 4-step staircase, leading with the right limb on each stair, during which CoM dynamics and electromyographic activity patterns for key lower-limb muscles were assessed. Maximum voluntary eccentric torque generation ability at the knee and ankle was also assessed. Older participants compared to young participants increased muscle co-contraction relative duration at the knee and ankle of the trailing limb so that the limb was stiffened for longer during descent. As a result older participants contacted the step below with a reduced downwards CoM velocity when compared to young participants. Peak downwards and peak upwards CoM acceleration during the descent and landing phases respectively, were also reduced in older adults compared to those in young participants. In contrast, young participants descended quickly onto the step below but arrested their downward CoM velocity sooner following landing; a strategy that was associated with longer relative duration lead-limb plantar flexor activity, increased peak upwards CoM acceleration, and a reduced landing duration. These results suggest that a reduced ability to generate high eccentric torque at the ankle in the forward reaching limb is a major factor for older participants adopting a cautious movement control strategy when descending stairs. The implications of this CoM control strategy on the incidences of falling on stairs are discussed.
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Tamáskovics, Nándor. "Allgemeines unscharfes Verfahren zur rechnerischen Tagesbruchprognose." 2019. https://tubaf.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A34486.
Full textAbstract:
Die Nutzung von Flächen mit künstlichen oder natürlichen Hohlräumen im Unter- und Baugrund ist mit erhöhten Risiken behaftet, weil Bauwerke durch unerwünschte Deformationen des Baugrundes in Mitleidenschaft gezogen werden können. Zur theoretischen Analyse eines Tagesbruchvorganges über einen zusammenbrechenden Hohlraum in praktischen Aufgabenstellungen auf Standorten mit mehreren Schichten kann die ”Allgemeine Hohlraum-Bruchmassen-Bilanz-Methode” mit einer stark eingegrenzten Anzahl von Eingangsparametern genutzt werden. In einer rechnerischen Tagesbruchprognose können sowohl die Eingangsgrößen der theoretischen Modellierung eines Tagesbruchvorganges als auch die Größe prognostizierter Tagesbruchvolumina als Zufallsvariable angesehen werden. Die Random-Set-Theorie bietet eine praktikable Möglichkeit, die stochastische Natur des Tagesbruchvorganges mit einem begrenzten rechnerischen Aufwand theoretisch zu fassen. Die berechneten Tagesbruchvolumina und die zugehörigen Eintrittswahrscheinlichkeiten können als Grundlage der Risikobewertung von zu schützenden Objekten herangezogen werden.The use of sites with artificial or natural openings in the underground includes an elevated technical risk, as constructions can be constrained due to unplanned deformations of the subsoil. To the theoretical analysis of pothole subsidence in practical settings on a layered site, the ”General Failure Mass Volume Balance Method”can be applied with a low number of input parameters. Both the input values of a theoretical model for pothole subsidence analysis and the volume of prognosed surface failures can be regarded as random variables. The randomset- theory offers a practical solution to include the stochastic nature of the pothole subsidence process into a theoretical model with limited required computational effort. The prognosed volumina and the corresponding probabilities of occurrence can be used for a risk analysis of protected objects on sites with expected pothole subsidence.
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Chen, Siang-Yi, and 陳湘怡. "Analyses on Mass-Energy Balances and Cogeneration in an Integrated Steel Mill." Thesis, 2004. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/49373736390729759438.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立成功大學
機械工程學系碩博士班
92
In the first part of this research, the steel-making process and mass-energy balance data in China Steel Corporation were collected and analyzed so as to provide guidelines for localized mass-energy integration. In the analysis, the concept underlying Kaohsiung Coastal Industrial Park were taken as the starting point. China Steel Corporation is an integrated steel mill, capable of processing raw materials until final products. We focused our attention on the mass-energy flow during coke making, sintering, iron making and steel making. The second part of this research was concerned with the economical analysis of the electricity-steam cogeneration in the China Steel Corporation by using the operational characteristics and cost of coal as parameters. Comparison of economical benefit based on electricity-steam ratio and capacity for different cogeneration systems has been done. The operational limit and economical benefit of a conventional one-boiler one-generator system and a two-boiler two-generator system was evaluated and compared. For a two-boiler two-generator system, the routing of main steam flow could be more diverse, but the trend of net income is the same as it is for a one-boiler one-generator system. The limitation to the operation of the two-boiler two-generator system comes from the design limits of the generator. When the combined rate of steam flow of the two boilers is high, it is more likely to be affected by the capacity of the generator. The present research results can be utilized in the establishment of a localized mass-energy integrated industrial park to achieve energy conservation and pollution reduction.
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Lin, Dian-Yu, and 林典諭. "Dynamic and Analyses for the Balance Mass of the Crankshaft of a Two-cylinder Reciprocating Air Compressor." Thesis, 2014. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/45441242069274739104.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立彰化師範大學
機電工程學系
102
The purpose of this study is to suppress the problem of vibration which occurs in a running two-cylinder reciprocating compressor. Determining an optimal crankshaft counterweight and narrowing the trajectory orbit of the crankshaft connecting rod mechanism is achieved. First, we will select an analytical model for computing the counterweight of the crank based on the dimension of air compressor and drive specifications. Design issue is created for a new crankshaft that fit the air compressor with vibration requirements. Use of finite element software was used to simulate the modality of the two cylinders. In additions, the inertial force influenced to the crankshaft under different counterweight design was simulated. Simulation results by using Solid Works software show the new counterweight was able to reduce the crankshaft’s eccentric by 4mm and the orbit trajectory by 10mm. This study provides the procedures pertaining to the bettering performance and assessment for an existing reciprocating compressor.
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Rufino, Paulo Daniel Oliveira. "Balanced scorecard aplicado à Loja Adidas, Outlet Freeport Alcochete." Master's thesis, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/13178.
Full textAbstract:
Vivemos num mundo onde todos os recursos são escassos e as mudanças são uma constante e a uma escala global, neste sentido só as organizações eficientes é que podem e conseguem aspirar aos melhores resultados e ao sucesso. Devem assim unir-se, de modo á concretização dos objetivos estratégicos estabelecidos inicialmente, reforçando o trabalho em equipa, a responsabilização e a eficiência.
O gestor tem assim um papel fundamental no seio da organização onde está inserido, tem à sua responsabilidade toda uma equipa que terá de liderar com o intuito da concretização dos objetivos definidos, gestão de conflitos internos, tomada de decisão, sendo assim necessário possuir um profundo conhecimento de toda a organização, assim como do seu meio envolvente, facilitando e ajudando a sua tomada de decisão em tempo real.
Deste modo foi aplicada a metodologia Balanced Scorecard na loja Adidas – Outlet Freeport Alcochete, no sentido de avaliar e medir a sua performance, na perspetiva financeira, clientes, processos internos e aprendizagem e desenvolvimento, através dos respetivos objetivos estratégicos, indicadores de desempenho, metas e considerando as relações de causa-efeito entre os vários objetivos estratégicos para a sua concretização.
Tendo em conta a sua relevância e utilidade, o Balanced Scorecard é uma ferramenta essencial no apoio á gestão, pois fornece ao gestor toda a estratégia simplificada e clarificada através do mapa estratégico, o que facilita a sua comunicação, assim como também permite avaliar a performance organizacional no curto prazo, tornando-se indispensável para o sucesso da organização em tempo real.We live in a world where all the resources are limited, and the changes happens constantly, in that way only the efficiencies organizations can aspire the best results and success. The organizations must unite to achieve the initial strategic goals, reinforcing the team work, responsibility and the efficiency. The role of the manager is fundamental in the organization. He has the responsibility to lead his team for the goals established, managing the internal conflicts and making the decisions, and this only can be made if he has a deep knowing of the organization and the external environment, helping him for the decisions in real time. In that way, the methodology of the Balanced Scorecard was applied in the Adidas store – Outlet Freeport Alcochete, to evaluate and measure the performance of the organization in the, financial, costumer, internal processes, development and learning perspectives, using the initial strategic goals, performance indicators, current goals and consideration of the cause-effect between the several strategic objectives for is achievement. The Balanced Scorecard is an important and useful tool to support the management job, using the Strategic Map gives us a clear image of the strategic lines, supporting the communication as well. In order to evaluate the organization performance in the short time, the Balance Scorecard it´s indispensible for the organization success in real time.