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Journal articles on the topic 'Masonry walls'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 25 July 2025

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1

Shahzeb. "Seismic capacity evaluation of fly ash brick masonry walls after retrofitting." World Journal of Advanced Engineering Technology and Sciences 12, no. 2 (2024): 762–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.30574/wjaets.2024.12.2.0339.

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The objective of this study was to examine the in-plane lateral load behavior of two full-scale fly ash brick masonry walls one unreinforced and the other confined before and after retrofitting. The quasi-static load test findings are shown here. The construction of the walls closely followed the masonry methods prevalent in Pakistan and throughout South Asia. Prior to retrofitting, the walls were tested to their peak resistance. The damaged walls were then retrofitted using grout injection followed by a ferrocement overlay and retested until they ultimately failed under identical condition. T

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2

Stockbridge, Jerry G. "Repointing Masonry Walls." APT Bulletin 21, no. 1 (1989): 10. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1504217.

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3

Sartaji, Parisa, Abdoreza S. Moghadam, and Mohsen Ghafory Ashtiany. "Interaction of masonry walls and shear walls in masonry buildings." Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers - Structures and Buildings 171, no. 3 (2018): 226–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1680/jstbu.16.00136.

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4

Beconcini, Maria Luisa, Pietro Croce, Paolo Formichi, Filippo Landi, and Benedetta Puccini. "Experimental Evaluation of Shear Behavior of Stone Masonry Wall." Materials 14, no. 9 (2021): 2313. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14092313.

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The evaluation of the shear behavior of masonry walls is a first fundamental step for the assessment of existing masonry structures in seismic zones. However, due to the complexity of modelling experimental behavior and the wide variety of masonry types characterizing historical structures, the definition of masonry’s mechanical behavior is still a critical issue. Since the possibility to perform in situ tests is very limited and often conflicting with the needs of preservation, the characterization of shear masonry behavior is generally based on reference values of mechanical properties provi

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Partene, Eva, Luminita Fekete-Nagy, and V. Stoian. "Evaluation Of Shear Capacity For Brick Masonry Walls." Journal of Applied Engineering Sciences 5, no. 1 (2015): 69–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/jaes-2015-0009.

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Abstract The papers presents the results of an experimental program and provides valuable information regarding the behaviour of structural masonry walls built up using ceramic blocks with hollows, which represents a very common system for low-rise residential buildings, up to 4 stories, depending on the seismic acceleration on site. A number of six masonry walls where tested in bear state being subjected to constant vertical loading and to cyclic in-plane horizontal loads. The main objective was to determine the shear capacity for unreinforced masonry walls and reinforced masonry walls. The e

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Gu, Meng, Xiaodong Ling, Hanxiang Wang, Anfeng Yu, and Guoxin Chen. "Experimental and Numerical Study of Polymer-Retrofitted Masonry Walls under Gas Explosions." Processes 7, no. 12 (2019): 863. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pr7120863.

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Unreinforced masonry walls are extensively used in the petrochemical industry and they are one of the most vulnerable components to blast loads. To investigate the failure modes and improve the blast resistances of masonry walls, four full-scale field tests were conducted using unreinforced and spray-on polyurea-reinforced masonry walls subjected to gas explosions. The results suggested that the primary damage of the unreinforced masonry wall was flexural deformation and the wall collapsed at the latter stage of gas explosion. The presence of polyurea coatings could effectively improve the ant

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Abbas, Samih, and K. P. Saji. "Study of Post-Tensioned and Reinforced Masonry Walls under Lateral Loads ." Applied Mechanics and Materials 857 (November 2016): 267–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.857.267.

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Moderate to strong earthquakes can cause considerable damage to masonry walls which are primary structural elements for decades. In previous earthquakes, a large number of masonry walls failed due to insufficient shear strength with excessive in-plane deformation, or due to insufficient out-of- plane bending capacity of the walls in the perpendicular direction. Typically, out-of- plane failure is far more prevalent and happens earlier than in-plane failure in most past earthquakes. Thus their arises the need to strengthen this masonry walls. Generally, the compressive forces that masonry walls

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Peng, Bin, Sandong Wei, Libo Long, Qizhen Zheng, Yueqiang Ma, and Leiyu Chen. "Experimental Investigation on the Performance of Historical Squat Masonry Walls Strengthened by UHPC and Reinforced Polymer Mortar Layers." Applied Sciences 9, no. 10 (2019): 2096. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app9102096.

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Strengthening historical brick masonry walls is important because these walls are major load-bearing members in many architectural heritages. However, historical brick masonry has low elastic modulus and low strength, historical masonry walls are prone to surface treatment or other structural intervention, and some of the walls lack integrity. These characteristics make effective strengthening of historical masonry walls difficult. To address the issue, strengthening layers made up of ultra-high performance concrete (UHPC) are potentially useful. To investigate the strengthening effect of the

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Papalou, Angeliki. "Strengthening of masonry structures using steel frames." International Journal of Engineering & Technology 2, no. 1 (2012): 50. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v2i1.581.

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Many old masonry structures have not been maintained properly and have been left exposed to future seismic loading with only their exterior masonry walls. These structures can be strengthened using different techniques with the reversible ones being more appropriate for historic structures. The seismic behavior of masonry buildings left only with their perimeter walls and retrofitted using steel frames (a reversible technique) is investigated. The role of the connection of the steel frames with the masonry walls is analyzed. Linear elastic analysis is performed using the finite element method.

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10

Chang, Kug Kwan, and Dae Won Seo. "Shear Capacity of Hexagonal Masonry Walls with Hollow and Solid Blocks." Applied Mechanics and Materials 432 (September 2013): 144–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.432.144.

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Masonry structures are used throughout the world for the construction of residential buildings. However, from a structural viewpoint, the masonry material is characterized by a very low tensile strength; thus, masonry construction often present diffuse fracture patterns. Moreover, masonry bearing and shear walls have been found to be vulnerable to earthquakes. In this study, to improve the seismic performance of masonry structures, hexagonal blocks were developed and six masonry walls used in hexagonal block were tested to failure under reversed cyclic lateral loading. This paper focuses on an

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Wang, Xin, Shuming Li, Zhenli Wu, Fanyang Bu, and Fei Wang. "Experimental Study on Seismic Strengthening of Confined Masonry Walls Using RPC." Advances in Materials Science and Engineering 2019 (September 23, 2019): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/5095120.

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Masonry structures without effective reinforcement are vulnerable to seismic excitation. An innovative strengthening technique was proposed for damaged and undamaged masonry walls. Six confined masonry units with two aspect ratios were tested under in-plane lateral cyclic loading, which consisted of two control walls, two original walls strengthened with reactive powder concrete (RPC-1), and two damaged walls repaired with RPC (RPC-2). The results of the specimens retrofitted with RPC demonstrated that the proposed technique significantly enhanced the seismic performance of masonry walls in te

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Putri, T. Sy Zahiyyah Aini Wanda, and Ridwan Ridwan. "Kajian Pustaka Pengaruh Penambahan Dinding Bata Terhadap Kapasitas Beban Lateral Pada Portal Struktur Beton Bertulang." Journal of Infrastructure and Construction Technology 1, no. 2 (2025): 80–88. https://doi.org/10.56208/jictech.1.2.80-88.

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This study aims to investigate the impact of masonry infill walls on the behavior of reinforced concrete frames under seismic loads. Traditionally, masonry walls have been considered non-structural elements; however, their interaction with the overall structural behavior is crucial, especially in earthquake-prone areas. Understanding how these walls affect structural performance is essential to ensuring safety and effectiveness in design. This study employs a comprehensive literature review to analyze various factors influencing the performance of masonry walls in reinforced concrete structure

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Constantinescu, S. "Heavy and light masonry walls impact on medium height reinforced concrete frames buildings." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 1283, no. 1 (2023): 012004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/1283/1/012004.

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Abstract The paper studies the influence of light weight aerated autoclaved concrete (AAC) partitioning walls to a medium height reinforced concrete structure, in Bucharest (Romania). The building is designed as a framed structure with non-bearing AAC walls placed in certain bays. There is a bearing full bricks masonry wall in one of the bays. Full bricks are used because of its high strength compared to AAC. The aim is to determine the importance of the masonry walls placement, both full bricks and AAC, for the building’s behavior. The analysis points out the structure’s elastic and plastic b

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Shelton, Joel Joseph, Nisar Basha, A. Arun Solomon, and C. Daniel. "Numerical Investigation of the Effects of Opening on the Strength of Masonry Wall." Applied Mechanics and Materials 911 (January 4, 2023): 19–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/p-z95i0o.

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Masonry is used as a construction material since old age. It is a cheaper construction material compared to R.C.C. and also requires comparatively less construction skills. During an earthquake, the masonry wall constructed following the codal provisions shows preliminary behaviour in the in-plane direction of wall and it has lesser deformation in the out-of-plane direction of the wall. Although, the strength and stiffness of the Un-Reinforced Masonry (URM) walls were reduce due to sizes and positions of openings, the relationship between the seismic capacity of the walls and the position and

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15

Galman, Iwona, and Radosław Jasiński. "Joints in masonry walls." ACTA SCIENTIARUM POLONORUM - Architectura Budownictwo 17, no. 4 (2018): 83–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.22630/aspa.2018.17.4.43.

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Galman, Iwona, and Radosław Jasiński. "Joints in masonry walls." ce/papers 2, no. 4 (2018): 339–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cepa.855.

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17

Liu, Chao, Xiangyun Nong, Fengjian Zhang, Zonggang Quan, and Guoliang Bai. "Experimental Study on the Seismic Performance of Recycled Concrete Hollow Block Masonry Walls." Applied Sciences 9, no. 20 (2019): 4336. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app9204336.

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This paper aims to manufacture recycled concrete hollow block (RCHB) which can be used for the masonry structure with seismic requirements. Five RCHB masonry walls were tested under cyclic loading to evaluate the effect of the axial compression stress, aspect ratio, and the materials of structural columns on the seismic performance. Based on the test results, the failure pattern, hysteresis curves, lateral drift, ductility, stiffness degradation, and the energy dissipation of the specimens were analyzed in detail. The results showed that with the increase of aspect ratios, the ductility of RCH

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18

Han, Sang Whan, and Chang Seok Lee. "Cyclic behavior of lightly reinforced concrete moment frames with partial- and full-height masonry walls." Earthquake Spectra 36, no. 2 (2020): 599–628. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/8755293019899960.

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Existing lightly reinforced concrete (RC) moment frames are vulnerable to earthquakes. The seismic behavior of these frames could be affected by the presence of masonry infill walls. The objective of this study was to investigate the seismic behavior of gravity-designed RC frames having partial- and full-height masonry infill walls. For this purpose, experimental and numerical studies were conducted. Three one-story and one-bay gravity-designed RC moment frames with and without partial- and full-height masonry infill walls were made and tested under cyclic lateral loads. Numerical models for R

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19

FORTES, E. S., G. A. PARSEKIAN, J. S. CAMACHO, and F. S. FONSECA. "Compressive strength of masonry constructed with high strength concrete blocks." Revista IBRACON de Estruturas e Materiais 10, no. 6 (2017): 1273–319. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1983-41952017000600008.

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Abstract Although the use of high strength concrete blocks for the construction of tall buildings is becoming common in Brazil, their mechanical properties and behavior are not fully understood. The literature shows a gap in experimental studies with the use of high strength concrete blocks, i.e., those with compressive strength greater than 16 MPa. The work presented herein was conducted in order to study the behavior of high strength structural masonry. Therefore, the compressive strength and modulus of elasticity of concrete block walls tested under axial load were assessed. The specimens i

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20

Deyazada, Mohammed, Hervé Degée, and Bram Vandoren. "Numerical Analysis of the Structural Resistance and Stability of Masonry Walls with an AAC Thermal Break Layer." Sustainability 13, no. 21 (2021): 11647. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su132111647.

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Since energy efficiency has become the main priority in the design of buildings, load-bearing walls in modern masonry constructions nowadays include thermal break elements at the floor–wall junction to mitigate thermal bridges. The structural stability of these bearing walls is consequently affected. In the present paper, a numerical study of the resistance and stability of such composite masonry walls, including AAC thermal break layers, is presented. A finite element mesoscopic model is successfully calibrated with respect to recent experimental results at small and medium scale, in terms of

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Indriyantho, Bobby Rio, Banu Ardi Hidayat, Sri Tudjono, Agwin Kennard Parasian Turnip, Ardi Arunaditya, and Muhammad Zulfikar Adhi Muliawan. "Maximum shear analysis of clay brick masonry structures for advanced design with bamboo diagonal reinforcement." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2916, no. 1 (2024): 012016. https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2916/1/012016.

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Abstract The traditional rural houses in Indonesia, constructed with clay brick masonry wall, lack the usage of detailed reinforced concrete frame. Therefore, in the event of an earthquake, numerous structures made of masonry walls experience a collapse. Clay brick masonry walls require alternative reinforcement that is both accessible and readily available, such as bamboo, which is abundant in rural regions of Indonesia. The objective of this study is to analyse the behaviour of wall collapse under lateral stresses and assess the potential for enhancing the wall’s shear strength through the u

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Vrdoljak, Ivan, and Hrvoje Krstić. "Preliminary small-scaled thermal resistance testing of a masonry wall with enhanced electromagnetic shielding effectiveness." Advances in Civil and Architectural Engineering 15, no. 28 (2024): 50–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.13167/2024.28.4.

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This study presents the preliminary results of a small-scale masonry wall thermal resistance (R-value) measurement. Two small-scale masonry walls were constructed using regular and antimony tin oxide (ATO)-containing bricks. ATO has shown potential for improving the protection against electromagnetic radiation penetration. R-values of the walls were measured using a FluxDAQ device equipped with a heat flux sensor and two temperature sensors for obtaining the heat flux and inside and outside temperatures during the measurement. Furthermore, the thermal conductivity (λ) of the bricks was measure

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Smilović Zulim, M., and J. Radnić. "Anisotropy Effect of Masonry on the Behaviour and Bearing Capacity of Masonry Walls." Advances in Materials Science and Engineering 2020 (February 19, 2020): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/5676901.

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Firstly, an updated numerical model for the numerical analysis of planar unreinforced and confined masonry walls is presented. The model can simulate the main nonlinear material effects of masonry and reinforced concrete. A simplified anisotropic constitutive model for masonry is developed and presented. The criteria for the limit bearing capacity and collapse of masonry are separately defined for normal stresses only and for normal and shear stresses. The presented numerical model is verified and used to analyse the anisotropy effect of masonry on the behaviour of unreinforced and confined tw

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Khaleghi, Mohsen, Javid Salimi, Visar Farhangi, Mohammad Javad Moradi, and Moses Karakouzian. "Application of Artificial Neural Network to Predict Load Bearing Capacity and Stiffness of Perforated Masonry Walls." CivilEng 2, no. 1 (2021): 48–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/civileng2010004.

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Perforations adversely affect the structural response of unreinforced masonry walls (UMW) by reducing the wall’s load bearing capacity, which can cause serious structural damage. In the absence of a reliable procedure to accurately predict the load bearing capacity and stiffness of perforated masonry walls subjected to in-plane loadings, this study presents a novel approach to measure these parameters by developing simple but practical equations. In this regard, the Multi-Pier (MP) method as a numerical approach was employed along with the application of an Artificial Neural Network (ANN). The

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Salsabila, Elsa Attila, and Ridwan Ridwan. "Tinjauan Pustaka Pada Analisis Pushover Terhadap Kekakuan Struktur Portal Beton Bertulang Dengan Dinding Bata." Journal of Infrastructure and Construction Technology 1, no. 2 (2025): 89–101. https://doi.org/10.56208/jictech.1.2.89-101.

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This research evaluates the impact of adding masonry walls on the stiffness and stability of building structures, focusing on pushover analysis and seismic behavior through a review of several journals. According to the research conducted by Hutajulu et al. (2019), masonry walls serve as significant structural elements rather than mere non-structural components. Through numerical analysis of the curves in the study, it was found that structures with masonry walls have a higher peak stiffness of 27.362 kN/mm, capable of withstanding a maximum load of 7490.93 kg with a displacement of 15.058 mm,

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Xu, Qingfeng, Xi Chen, Jian-Fei Chen, Kent A. Harries, Lingzhu Chen, and Zhuolin Wang. "Seismic strengthening of masonry walls using bamboo components." Advances in Structural Engineering 22, no. 14 (2019): 2982–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1369433219855902.

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Bamboo is a sustainable green material and has been gradually applied in the construction industry; however, little research on strengthening masonry structures with bamboo has been carried out. In this article, strengthening methods using bamboo were developed including bamboo grid reinforced cement mortar layer, externally bonded bamboo mats, additional confining horizontal bamboo reinforced concrete band beams, and bamboo strips placed in mortar joints. Ten masonry walls were designed including two reference walls. Experimental results showed that all the strengthening methods can improve c

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Zhang, Yi, Jiahui Hu, Wenda Zhao, Feng Hu, and Xiao Yu. "Numerical Simulation of the Blast Resistance of SPUA Retrofitted CMU Masonry Walls." Buildings 13, no. 2 (2023): 446. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/buildings13020446.

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Through numerical simulation, the blast-resistant performance of spray polyurea elastomer (SPUA) retrofitted concrete masonry unit (CMU) masonry infill walls under far-range blast loading was studied. From an engineering perspective, the effects of boundary conditions and thickness of a SPUA layer on enhancing the blast resistance of masonry infill walls are discussed, and the blast resistance of SPUA-retrofitted and grouted CMU masonry infill walls are compared. It is concluded that the boundary constraint conditions and the anchorage length of SPUA layer have limited improvement on the blast

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Zuo, Shu Hong, Hong Lu Bai, Li Hong Xiong, Ben Yi Liu, and Zhi Min Tian. "Study on the Seismic Performance of Cavity Walls Constraint Masonry Construction." Advanced Materials Research 724-725 (August 2013): 1702–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.724-725.1702.

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Cavity walls structure is unsuitable in cold area for its faultiness of poor heat-insulating property. But the cavity walls constraint masonry construction is suitable in cold area for its high heat-insulating property. Studies are carried as setting up the restoring force model of the cavity walls confined masonry structure and analyzing the dynamic time-history of cavity walls constraint masonry structure under 7 degrees small earthquake, middle earthquake or large earthquake through EL centro wave, TALF wave, Ninghe wave and Qian'an wave, which indicates that cavity walls constraint masonry

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Abdelkader, Nour, Benanane Abdelkader, and Varum Humberto. "Seismic behavior of reinforced concrete buildings using chained masonry walls randomly located." Revista Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad de Antioquia, no. 107 (May 23, 2022): 102–12. https://doi.org/10.17533/udea.redin.20220581.

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The widespread use of masonry infill walls in the most prone zones to earthquakes, for the execution of multistoried reinforced concrete buildings, as well as the recorded damage caused by earthquakes, have forced us to study their influence on the seismic behavior of these buildings. The distribution of masonry infill walls in these buildings is mainly related to their architectural requirements. The purpose of this article is to assess the influence of the various locations of chained masonry walls, which represent a particular type of masonry infill walls without gaps, on multistoried reinf

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Jasiński, Radosław, and Krzysztof Grzyb. "Comparison of Masonry Homogenization Methods – Macromodelling and Micromodeling of Walls Behaviour Made of Autoclaved Aerated Concrete Masonry Units." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 1203, no. 2 (2021): 022033. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/1203/2/022033.

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Abstract The adopted method of empirical homogenization strictly determines the degree of faithful reproduction of the masonry structure's work in terms of the analysis of cracking forces, destructive forces, and the mechanism of structure destruction. The high level of detail of the numerical model may make it impossible to perform calculations and predict internal forces for larger structures or entire buildings. The study aims to compare two different masonry homogenization techniques and determine the advantages and disadvantages of the adopted methods. The concept of a micromodel, in whic

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Liu, Yun, Gonglian Chen, Zhipeng Wang, Zhen Chen, Yujia Gao, and Fenglan Li. "On the Seismic Performance of Autoclaved Aerated Concrete Self-Insulation Block Walls." Materials 13, no. 13 (2020): 2942. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma13132942.

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Autoclaved aerated concrete (AAC) self-insulation block masonry is often used for the infill walls in steel and concrete frame structures. To work together with the frame under earthquake action, it is essential to understand the seismic behavior of AAC self-insulation block masonry walls. In this paper, six AAC self-insulation block masonry walls were experimentally studied under the pseudo static test. The load-displacement hysteretic curves were drawn with the test data. The failure characteristics, loading capacity, stiffness degeneration, energy dissipation capacity and hysteretic behavio

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Ishchuk, M. K., and K. A. Aizyatullin. "Crack resistance of masonry walls." Bulletin of Science and Research Center “Stroitelstvo” 31, no. 4 (2021): 43–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.37538/2224-9494-2021-4(31)-43-50.

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Computer models used in the design calculation of masonry buildings sometimes fail to correctly take into account the stress-strain state of walls and assess the likelihood of cracks caused by the deformation differences of interacting walls.Following the construction of a building, cracks can develop at wall intersections for several years. However, their repair is mostly ineffective until the total damping of masonry creep deformation.Drawing on the analysis of conducted research and field data, the authors give recommendations on ensuring the crack resistance of internal masonry walls.

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Shahzada, Khan, Tetsuro Goto, Akhtar Naeem Khan, Amjad Naseer, and M. Fahad. "Improvement of Mechanical Properties and Lateral Resistance of Brick Masonry Walls by Using Indigenous Materials." Advanced Materials Research 255-260 (May 2011): 684–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.255-260.684.

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In this paper, improvement of mechanical properties of unreinforced masonry walls based on the laboratory test results is discussed. Various masonry specimens have been tested by Portable Structural Testing Equipment (PSTE). Masonry prisms have been reinforced with indigenous materials (wire mesh and bamboo) and confined with reinforced concrete elements. The tensile strength, shear strength and lateral resistance of masonry walls increases up to 5.4, 2.73 and 5.65 times respectively by using plaster, wire mesh, bamboo and confinement. The Indigenous materials used in this research work are ch

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Poletti, Elisa, and Graca Vasconcelos. "Seismic Behaviour and Retrofitting of Timber Frame Walls." Advanced Materials Research 778 (September 2013): 706–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.778.706.

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Half-timbered buildings are well known as one of the most efficient seismic resistant structure in the world, but their popularity is not only due to their seismic performance, but also to their low cost and the strength they offer. These structures generally consist of exterior masonry walls with timber elements embedded which tie the walls together and internal walls which have a timber frame with masonry infill and act as shear walls. Generally, different types of infill could be applied to half-timbered walls depending on the country, namely brick masonry, rubble masonry, hay, mud, etc. Th

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Im, You Seung, Jiho Moon, and Joo Ha Lee. "An Analytical Study of the Out-of-plane Seismic Performance of Masonry Walls Reinforced with High-Performance Fiber-Reinforced Cementitious Composites." Journal of the Korean Society of Hazard Mitigation 24, no. 2 (2024): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.9798/kosham.2024.24.2.1.

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Frequent earthquake occurrences in various regions of Korea have highlighted the urgent need that exists for the seismic retrofitting of unreinforced masonry buildings, which are particularly vulnerable to lateral forces. In this study, the out-of-plane seismic performance of masonry walls reinforced with high-performance fiber-reinforced cementitious composites (HPFRCCs) was evaluated using finite element analysis. ABAQUS was used to establish the analysis model, and the reliability of the model was validated by comparing the model results with shaking table test results. A parametric study o

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Rafid Ahmed, Ammar, and Alaa H. Al-Zuhairi. "Finite Element Analysis for The Response of URM Walls Supporting RC Slab." International Journal of Engineering & Technology 7, no. 4.20 (2018): 259. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v7i4.20.25936.

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The aim for this research is to investigate the effect of inclusion of crack incidence into the 2D numerical model of the masonry units and bonding mortar on the behavior of unreinforced masonry walls supporting a loaded reinforced concrete slab. The finite element method was implemented for the modeling and analysis of unreinforced masonry walls. In this paper, ABAQUS, FE software with implicit solver was used to model and analyze unreinforced masonry walls which are subjected to a vertical load. Detailed Micro Modeling technique was used to model the masonry units, mortar and unit-mortar int

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Ismail, Najif, Tamer El-Maaddawy, Amanullah Najmal, and Nouman Khattak. "Experimental in-plane performance of insulated concrete and brick masonry wall panels retrofitted using polymer composites." Bulletin of the New Zealand Society for Earthquake Engineering 51, no. 2 (2018): 85–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.5459/bnzsee.51.2.85-91.

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Masonry infilled reinforced concrete frame buildings built prior to the introduction of modern seismic provisions have been observed to undergo damage in and around the masonry infill walls during most recent moderate to severe earthquakes. Fibre reinforced cementitious matrix (FRCM) is one of several retrofitting options available to limit such earthquake induced damage to infill walls. An experimental program was undertaken herein to experimentally investigate the effectiveness of FRCM as a strengthening solution for vintage (i.e. built between 1880 and 1930) un-reinforced brick masonry (URM

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Brodsky, Alex, and David Z. Yankelevsky. "Resistance of Reinforced Concrete Frames with Masonry Infill Walls to In-Plane Vertical Loading." Key Engineering Materials 711 (September 2016): 982–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.711.982.

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Numerous studies have been conducted on the in plane behavior of masonry infill walls to lateral loading simulating earthquake action on buildings. The present study is focused on a problem that has almost not been studied regarding the vertical (opposed to lateral) in-plane action on these walls. This may be of concern when a supporting column of a multi-storey reinforced concrete frame with infill masonry walls undergoes a severe damage due to an extreme loading such as a strong earthquake, car impact or military or terror action in proximity to the column. The loss of the supporting column

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Jing, Meng, Werasak Raongjant, and Ratchaneewan Kerdmongkon. "Compressive Strengthening of Damaged Historic Masonry Walls Repaired with GFRP." Advanced Materials Research 133-134 (October 2010): 965–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.133-134.965.

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The purpose of this research is to determine the mechanical properties of damaged historic masonry walls retrofitted with Glass Fiber Reinforced Polymer (GFRP) under axial load through experimental method. Five masonry wall specimens were tested under axial load acted at the top surface. One wall specimen was served as reference without retrofitting. Two walls were retrofitted with GFRP before damage. Other two walls were repaired using epoxy injection and GFRP sheets after predefined damage. The results show that the bearing capacity of historic masonry walls was completely restored and even

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Ziya, Ahmed Cavit, and Abdulkerim İlgün. "Effect of a Novel Dowel and Cramp on the In-Plane Behavior of Multi-Leaf Stone Masonry Walls Proposed for Modern Masonry Buildings." Buildings 13, no. 5 (2023): 1235. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/buildings13051235.

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This study discusses the experimental assessment of the in-plane mechanical behavior of a multi-leaf stone masonry wall built from cut stone and reinforced with metal connectors (cramps and dowels). Inspired by conventional multi-leaf stone walls, the wall is meant for use in modern stone masonry buildings. The wall is constructed from two parallel load-bearing walls with a cavity between them, which aims to conceal the installation and insulation needed in modern buildings. The load-bearing walls are connected with cramps and dowels at certain intervals, so the wall works as a single section

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Petry, Sarah, and Katrin Beyer. "Cyclic Test Data of Six Unreinforced Masonry Walls with Different Boundary Conditions." Earthquake Spectra 31, no. 4 (2015): 2459–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1193/101513eqs269.

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Previous test data on unreinforced masonry walls focused on the global response of the wall. A new data set ( Petry and Beyer 2014a ; DOI:10.5281/zenodo.8443) on six wall tests, which is publicly available, allows for linking global to local deformations of masonry walls, which can be useful for advancing performance-based design and assessment methods for unreinforced masonry buildings. This data paper presents the results of a test series on six identical unreinforced masonry walls that were constructed using hollow clay brick units and standard cement-based mortar. The test units were subje

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Eslami, Babak Jafarzad, and Andrea Del Grosso. "Retrofit of Masonry Buildings through Seismic Dampers." Key Engineering Materials 817 (August 2019): 293–300. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.817.293.

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After the recent earthquakes occurred in some cities in Iran, such as Bam and Kermanshah, the engineering community was forced to pay special attention to the seismic vulnerability of traditional structures. Unreinforced masonry walls exhibit poor seismic performance under moderate and high seismic demand, due to the rapid degradation of stiffness. The development of effective techniques for the strengthening of these walls is an urgent need. The Base Isolation System (BIS) provides solutions to mitigate seismic hazard [1]. In this work, the seismic vulnerability of heritage masonry walls is a

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Marčiukaitis, Gediminas. "ESTIMATION OF SHRINKAGE DEFORMATIONS OF MASONRY BY DETERMINING CRACKING OF INTERNAL BUILDING WALLS/MŪRO SUSITRAUKIMO DEFORMACIJŲ ĮVERTINIMAS, ANALIZUOJANT PASTATŲ VIDINIŲ SIENŲ SUPLEIŠĖJIMĄ." JOURNAL OF CIVIL ENGINEERING AND MANAGEMENT 6, no. 1 (2000): 11–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/13921525.2000.10531558.

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In practice a lot of cases are found, that loadbearing masonry walls of buildings are cracked. The main reason of these cracks is reinforced or metal lintel, reinforced concrete floors, waist-band and other elements. They impede free shrinkage deformation of masonry. In masonry, tension stresses appear and compression stresses, in impedemental elements. The formulas for calculation of these stresses and strains are suggested in the article. Analysis of this formulas show that stresses-strains depend on the ratio of areas of sections and the modulus of elasticity of masonry walls and impediment

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Celano, Thomas, Francesca Ceroni, and Gian Piero Lignola. "Behaviour of masonry walls strengthened with fibre-reinforced cementitious materials." Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers - Engineering and Computational Mechanics 174, no. 4 (2021): 193–214. http://dx.doi.org/10.1680/jencm.21.00009.

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Assessment of the mechanical properties of masonry materials is a key issue for evaluating the strength capacity of masonry walls. Two types of tests are usually adopted for experimentally evaluating the shear capacity of masonry walls: diagonal-compression and shear-compression tests. Different approaches are available in the literature for their interpretation. This paper reports an investigation into the behaviour of both unstrengthened and in-plane strengthened masonry walls with fibre-reinforced cementitious matrix materials under the two tests by means of a bi-dimensional non-linear-fini

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Pavoni, Gaia, Francesca Giuliani, Anna De Falco, et al. "On Assisting and Automatizing the Semantic Segmentation of Masonry Walls." Journal on Computing and Cultural Heritage 15, no. 2 (2022): 1–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3477400.

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In Architectural Heritage, the masonry’s interpretation is an essential instrument for analysing the construction phases, the assessment of structural properties, and the monitoring of its state of conservation. This work is generally carried out by specialists that, based on visual observation and their knowledge, manually annotate ortho-images of the masonry generated by photogrammetric surveys. This results in vector thematic maps segmented according to their construction technique (isolating areas of homogeneous materials/structure/texture or each individual constituting block of the mason

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Feba, S. Thomas, and Bennet Kuriakose. "Nonlinear Finite Element Analysis of Unreinforced Masonry Walls." Applied Mechanics and Materials 857 (November 2016): 142–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.857.142.

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Most of the monumental structures worldwide and residential structures in developing countries are built in masonry. The studies performed by various researchers prove the vulnerability of masonry structures under various circumstances, especially under earthquakes, so as to necessitate detailed contemplation. In this paper, a numerical model for nonlinear static analysis of unreinforced masonry walls is developed based on a macro-modelling approach. A detailed parametric study is also performed to analyse the effect of wall thickness as well as length on the behaviour of the masonry wall. The

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Smilović Zulim, Marija, Marina Nikolić, Maša Ercegovac, and Jure Radnić. "Parametric Study of Orthotropic Masonry Walls under Static and Dynamic Loading." Tehnički glasnik 19, no. 3 (2025): 341–49. https://doi.org/10.31803/tg-20230526232609.

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The paper presents a parametric study of unreinforced and confined masonry walls with orthotropic properties under in-plane static and dynamic loading. A previously developed FEM model was extended to simulate the behaviour of the orthotropic masonry and was used to perform a series of analyses. The orthotropic behaviour of masonry is simulated with a simplified constitutive model. The influence of the orthotropy of masonry on the behaviour of two-storey walls (with different lengths and qualities of the masonry) was investigated. The results of the analysis show that the bearing capacity and

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Raongjant, Werasak, Meng Jing, and Ratchaneewan Kerdmongkon. "Behaviors of Historic Masonry Walls Retrofitted with GFRP under Axial Load." Advanced Materials Research 133-134 (October 2010): 959–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.133-134.959.

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The purpose of this research is to determine the mechanical properties of historic masonry walls retrofitted with Glass Fiber Reinforced Polymer (GFRP) under axial load through experimental method. Four ancient masonry wall specimens were tested under axial load acted at the top surface. Two wall specimens were served as reference without retrofitting. The third wall was retrofitted with GFRP on full surface before loading. The forth wall was strengthened with three GFRP strips before loading. The behaviors of historic masonry walls in Thailand were particular because of their special bond man

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Goyal, Ajay, M. Shokry Rashwan, M. A. Hatzinikolas, and S. Zervos. "Structural performance of cavity walls constructed with units containing sawdust and shear connected to the brick veneer." Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering 21, no. 4 (1994): 576–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/l94-059.

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A series of experiments were conducted to investigate the behaviour of walls constructed using newly developed masonry sawdust blocks. Full-scale cavity walls consisting of the new masonry block backup and burnt clay brick veneer, connected together using metal connectors, were tested under lateral loads. The effects of block unit size, height of wall, reinforcement, grout, and cavity width on the behaviour of the wall were studied. The test results showed behaviour similar to that of walls constructed with lightweight concrete masonry units. A summary of the results is presented in this paper

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Azevedo, Nuno Monteiro, Fernando F. S. Pinho, Ildi Cismaşiu, and Murilo Souza. "Prediction of Rubble-Stone Masonry Walls Response under Axial Compression Using 2D Particle Modelling." Buildings 12, no. 8 (2022): 1283. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/buildings12081283.

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To predict the structural behaviour of ancient stone masonry walls is still a challenging task due to their strong heterogeneity. A rubble-stone masonry modeling methodology using a 2D particle model (2D-PM), based on the discrete element method is proposed given its ability to predict crack propagation by taking directly into account the material structure at the grain scale. Rubble-stone (ancient) masonry walls tested experimentally under uniaxial compression loading conditions are numerically evaluated. The stone masonry numerical models are generated from a close mapping process of the sto

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