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Journal articles on the topic 'Masculinity (Mas)'

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Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 1 February 2022

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1

Louie, Kam. "Constructing Chinese Masculinity for the Modern World: with Particular Reference to Lao She's The Two Mas." China Quarterly 164 (December 2000): 1062–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0305741000019305.

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In the early decades of the 20th century, Chinese identities were subjected to profound challenges posed by the West. Traditional Chinese linkages between gender and power were shaken by contact with aggressive western imperialism. Although there are numerous studies on this impact, almost nothing has been written on its effects on the Chinese constructions of masculinity. Did East-West contact significantly change the male ideal? If so, how did the new image integrate traditional and Western gender configurations? This article first examines the theoretical basis of masculinity models in traditional China, and then analyses the ways in which a Western context could alter the ways Chinese intellectuals reconstruct these models to arrive at a new male prototype. As one of the best known examples of the interface between East and West, Lao She's (1899–1966) novel Er Ma (The Two Mas) will be used as a case study. The 1920s was a time when many Westernized intellectuals such as Xu Zhimo were totally enamoured by European civilization, to such an extent that Xu's influential friend Hu Shi once called for a “wholesale Westernization” of Chinese culture. While there was a great diversity of masculine ideals in this period, the effects on the male identity from contact with the West were fundamental and enduring, and the images presented in The Two Mas were in many respects typical of the Republican era.
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Beck, Dorothee. "A Bridge with Three Pillars." Moving the Social 65 (August 9, 2021): 17–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.46586/mts.65.2021.17-36.

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The paper reflects on the externalisation of violence in media discourses about migra- tion in Germany. I discuss in how far news media build discursive bridges to masculist and far-right groups. To this end, I draw on some of the findings of my research proj- ect ‘Genderism’ in Media Debate. Thematic cycles from 2006 to 2016. Soldierly mascu- linity is seen as hegemonic in the far right. By means of an alleged crisis of masculinity and victimisation of men, this is linked to masculist concepts. The far right as well as masculists accuse women, especially feminists, of being to blame for the effeminacy of men. This crisis of masculinity is considered a problem, to which soldierly masculinity is offered as a solution. The findings of the mentioned genderism-project show that news media discuss the crisis of masculinity, as well as the blaming of feminists. Yet, they do not take up far-right concepts directly. Masculist views can be regarded as the central pillar of a discursive bridge between news media and far-right concepts of mas- culinity. I argue that the notion of a discursive bridge only works with masculist views as intermediary between news media and the far right. Thus, masculism is a crucial ideology to link far-right views regarding discourses in society.
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Kerfoot, Deborah, and Stephen Whitehead. "‘Boys Own’ Stuff: Masculinity and the Management of Further Education." Sociological Review 46, no. 3 (August 1998): 436–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1467-954x.00126.

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The connections between men, masculinity and management remain understated if not largely concealed, despite a critical spotlight being increasingly cast on masculinity by many academic and other writers. In a similar vein, numerous commentators on organisation have charted the rise of new organisational forms and structures, and the management practices which flow from them. With few notable exceptions, however these bodies of work deny or downplay the complex linkages and inter connections between masculinity and the activities of management. By drawing on the case of UK further education (FE), and more particularly, the management practices therein, an aim of this article is to draw attention to this inter-relationship of masculinities and men managers. In so doing, we suggest that the term ‘masculine subject’ best exemplifies those men, and women, who seek to invest their sense of being in mas culinist discourses. The empirical basis is taken from research undertaker across a number of FE colleges wherein 24 men managers were interviewed as part of a larger project concerned with the management and regulation of the sector. In exposing the intensified and increasingly uncertain work conditions now typifying the new FE work culture, this article draws attention to practices of oppression and bullying by managers underplayed or overlooked by writers elsewhere.
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Malone, Bethany, Stephania Hasan, Aliu Sanni, and James Reilly. "Mismatch of Cultural Dimensions in an Urban Medical Educational Environment." Journal of Biomedical Education 2013 (October 21, 2013): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/617674.

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Objective. To identify cultural dimensions and their potential mismatches between attending physicians and their residents and medical students. Methods. We surveyed faculty and students, both undergraduates and postgraduate resident physicians, at the SUNY Downstate College of Medicine, using Hofstede’s VSM-08 questionnaire, and calculated cultural dimensions, including the Power-Distance Index (PDI), Individualism (IDV), Masculinity (MAS), Uncertainty Avoidance Index (UAI), and Long-term Outlook (LTO). Correlations between faculty and student demographic data and cultural dimensions were calculated (SPSS). Results. There were 237 student and resident respondents and 96 faculty respondents. Comparing all faculty and student respondents, significant differences were found in four of five cultural dimensions, with faculty scoring higher in MAS, and lower in PDI, IDV, UAI, and LTO. Conclusions. These differences may be important in the design and implementation of a medical educational curriculum, and, particularly, in the measurement and evaluation of educational outcomes.
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Kokurcan, A., K. Nazan, and İ. Ö. İlhan. "Identifying the relationship between marital adjustment and, sex roles and burnout rather than dependence features of the patient in wives of the patients with AUD." European Psychiatry 41, S1 (April 2017): s867. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eurpsy.2017.01.1737.

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ObjectiveTo identify the relationship between marital adjustment and, sex roles and burnout rather than dependence features of the patient in wives of the patients with AUD.MethodThe study sample consisted of 33 wives of AUD patients (according to DSM-IV-TR criteria) who were applied to a University Hospital Alcohol Dependence Clinic to leave alcohol use. Sociodemographic questionnaire, Marital Adjustment Scale (MAS), Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI), Bem Sex Role Inventory-Short Form (BSRI) and, Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) were applied to the wives of ADD patients.ResultsMean MAS score was under cut-off score (29.63 ± 10.33) and it shows that marital adjustment is lower in wives of ADD patients. It was shown that marriages longer than ten years, and higher emotional exhaustion scores were associated with lower marital adjustment in our study. Masculinity scores were higher in wives who perceived their income status higher. In contrast to previous studies, which examined marital adjustment, masculinity role was found to be associated with higher marital adjustment in our study.DiscussionEmotional exhaustion and depression are common in spouses of the patients with ADD in our study. There may be a distortion in expected roles of the spouses which cause a disequilibrium on the family relationship. Lower income status, having increased number of children was associated with severe depression in wives which found to reduce marital adjustment scores. Finally, most of the wives of ADD patients will need psychotherapeutic treatments during addiction period. So incorporating spouses into treatment of ADD patients is a necessity to improve marital adjustment and burnout.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
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AlAnezi, A., and B. Alansari. "Gender Differences in Hofstede's Cultural Dimensions Among a Kuwaiti Sample." European Psychiatry 33, S1 (March 2016): S503—S504. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eurpsy.2016.01.1853.

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IntroductionHofstede's model of cultural dimensions has become the most widely accepted and most frequently cited model for cross-cultural research. His cultural dimensions included power distance index (PDI), individualism vs. collectivism (IDV), masculinity vs. femininity (MAS), uncertainty avoidance index (UAI), and long-term vs. short-term orientation (LTO).ObjectiveThe objective of this study is to explore gender related differences in the Hofstede's five dimensions of national culture for work-related values among a sample from Kuwait.MethodsThe participants were 540 first year secondary school Kuwaiti teachers (270 males: mean age = 28.95 ± 2.47; 270 females: mean age = 28.20 ± 2.04). The Arabic version of the Values Survey Module, VSM 08 was administered to participants. Data analysis include independent sample t-test was used to examine gender differences in Hofstede's five dimensions of national culture.ResultsInternal consistency was satisfactory for the Power Distance, Individualism vs. Collectivism, Masculinity vs. Femininity, Uncertainty Avoidance, and Long-term vs. Short-term Orientation subscales respectively (Cronbach's alpha = 0.82, 0.84, 0.90, 0.74, 0.87) for males and (Cronbach's alpha = 0.77, 0.90, 0.83, 0.80, 0.88) for females. The results revealed significant gender differences where the males obtained a higher score than females on individualism (t = 2.95, P < 0.002), and masculinity (t = 2.77, P < 0.005), while females obtained a higher score than males on power distance (t = 4.48, P < 0.000), and long-term orientation (t = 4.13, P < 0.000).ConclusionThese findings suggest that the gender differences exist for cultural dimensions, and provide insight on leadership characteristics.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
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Verquère, Laura. "Vers une approche plurielle et dynamique de la fabrique des stéréotypes." Sur le journalisme, About journalism, Sobre jornalismo 8, no. 2 (December 20, 2019): 108–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.25200/slj.v8.n2.2019.405.

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FR. Cet article se propose d’analyser la production des stéréotypes de la masculinité et de la paternité dans la presse féminine « engagée », en l’occurrence Causette. Ce travail repose sur l’étude précise d’un numéro de ce magazine, et plus particulièrement d’une enquête sur le congé paternité publiée dans le cadre d’un débat public sur le sujet. Il se fonde sur une méthodologie plurielle pour faire tenir ensemble des enjeux à la fois individuels et collectifs mais aussi professionnels, symboliques et identitaires indissociables, en saisissant par plusieurs biais, les processus de construction et de déconstruction des stéréotypes : organisation de travail, pratiques professionnelles, représentations et contenus médiatiques. Enfin, ce sont les articulations entre les normes de genre et les stéréotypes de classe qui sont analysées dans cet article, à travers l’étude de la fabrique d’une figure paternelle, interrogée en tant qu’une redéfinition d’une nouvelle « masculinité hégémonique ». *** EN. This article analyzes the construction of stereotypes of masculinity and fatherhood in the “activist” women's press, in this case Causette. The analysis is based on a detailed study of one issue of this magazine, and more particularly a survey on paternity leave published within the context of a public debate on the subject. An interdisciplinary methodology was adopted to link individual and collective, as well as professional, symbolic and identity-related, challenges, and capture, from divergent perspectives, the processes of construction and deconstruction of stereotypes in work organization, professional practices, representations and media content. Finally, the juncture between gender norms and class stereotypes is analyzed through the study of the paternal figure construct as a potential new “hegemonic masculinity.” *** PT. Este artigo tem como objetivo analisar a produção de estereótipos da masculinidade e da paternidade na imprensa feminina « engajada », neste caso Causette. Este trabalho baseia-se no estudo preciso de uma edição desta revista, e mais particularmente em uma pesquisa sobre licença-paternidade publicada no contexto de um debate público sobre o assunto. Baseia-se em uma metodologia plural para reunir as questões ao mesmo tempo individuais e coletivas, mas também profissionais, simbólicas e identitárias, indissociáveis, apreendendo de várias maneiras os processos de construção e desconstrução de estereótipos: organização do trabalho, práticas profissionais, representações e conteúdos midiáticos. Finalmente, são as articulações entre normas de gênero e estereótipos de classe que são analisadas neste artigo, através do estudo da construção de uma figura paterna, questionada como redefinição de uma nova « masculinidade hegemônica ». ***
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Minkov, Michael, Pinaki Dutt, Michael Schachner, Janar Jandosova, Yerlan Khassenbekov, Oswaldo Morales, and Vesselin Blagoev. "What would people do with their money if they were rich? A search for Hofstede dimensions across 52 countries." Cross Cultural & Strategic Management 26, no. 1 (April 26, 2019): 93–116. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ccsm-11-2018-0193.

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to test the replicability of Hofstede’s value-based dimensions – masculinity–femininity (MAS–FEM) and individualism–collectivism (IDV–COLL) – in the field of consumer behavior, and to compare cultural prioritizations with respect to disposable income budgets across the world. Design/methodology/approach The authors asked 51,529 probabilistically selected respondents in 52 countries (50 nationally representative consumer panels and community samples from another two countries) what they would do with their money if they were rich. The questionnaire items targeted Hofstede’s MAS–FEM and IDV–COLL as well as a wider range of options deemed sufficiently meaningful, ethical and moral across the world. Findings The authors obtained two main dimensions. The first contrasts self-enhancing and altruistic choices (status and power-seeking spending vs donating for healthcare) and is conceptually similar to MAS–FEM. However, it is statistically related to Hofstede’s fifth dimension, or monumentalism–flexibility (MON–FLX), not to MAS–FEM. The second dimension contrasts conservative-collectivist choices and modern-hedonistic concerns (donating for religion and sports vs preserving nature and travel abroad for pleasure) and is a variant of COLL–IDV. Research limitations/implications The authors left out various potential consumer choices as they were deemed culturally incomparable or unacceptable in some societies. Nevertheless, the findings paint a sufficiently rich image of worldwide value differences underpinning idealized consumer behavior prioritizations. Practical implications The study could be useful to international marketing and consumer behavior experts. Social implications The study contributes to the understanding of modern cultural differences across the world. Originality/value This is the first large cross-cultural study that reveals differences in values through a novel approach: prioritizations of consumer choices. It enriches the understanding of IDV–COLL and MON–FLX, and, in particular, of the value prioritizations of the East Asian nations. The study provides new evidence that Hofstede’s MAS–FEM is a peculiarity of his IBM database with no societal analogue. Some of the so-called MAS–FEM values are components of MON–FLX, which is statistically unrelated to Hofstede’s MAS–FEM.
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Ali, Saiyed Wajid, and Swati Sudan. "Influence of Cultural Factors on Impulse Buying Tendency: A Study of Indian Consumers." Vision: The Journal of Business Perspective 22, no. 1 (January 30, 2018): 68–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0972262917750247.

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Products bought on impulse occupy a significant share in the customers’ basket and with new formats of retail increasing exposure to in-store stimuli, this trend is on the upswing. However, as the number of retail stores increases, it becomes imperative for the marketer to understand the customers and what drives their choices. Literature review reveals that culture is an important variable driving consumer behaviour. Thus, the present study was conducted to determine whether individual cultural values can influence consumers’ impulse buying tendencies among Indian consumers. The factors that were under investigation in this study were power distance (PD), uncertainty avoidance (UA), collectivism (Coll), masculinity (Mas) and long-term orientation (LTO). Primary data for the study, collected by means of questionnaires filled by 724 Indian consumers, was analysed using confirmatory factor analysis and multiple linear regression. The results indicated that PD, LTO and Mas influence individuals’ affective impulse buying tendency (AIBT), whereas UA and LTO were found to be significantly related to cognitive impulse buying tendency (CIBT). The findings of the study will enhance the understanding of marketers regarding how to influence consumers to buy impulsively in order to drive sales and increase market share through appropriate marketing strategies.
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Martins, Maria Manuela, and Ilídio Tomás Lopes. "Culture and profitability: empirical evidence at a European level." Corporate Ownership and Control 13, no. 2 (2016): 580–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.22495/cocv13i2c3p7.

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Organizational cultures distinguish different organizations within the same country or countries. When comparing the organizations within the same country differences in national cultures are not relevant but become relevant in comparison between different countries. This paper intends to evidence whether the profitability of companies can be influenced by the national culture. In order to characterize the culture of each country, we used the Hofstede measure of cultural dimensions (1. Power Distance (PDI); 2. Uncertainty Avoidance (UAI); 3. Individualism (IDV); 4. Masculinity (MAS); 5. Long-Term Orientation (LTO); and 6. Indulgence vs Restraint (IND)). Sample was based on the 500 largest European companies rated by the Financial Times 2015. Profitability was measured by the ratios Return on Assets (ROA) and Return on Equity (ROE). Statistical tests were performed to test whether the means of the variables used to measure profitability are statistically equal. The results indicate that companies with higher profitability are from countries with lower Power Distance, lower Uncertainty Avoidance, Long-Term Orientation, and Higher Indulgence
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Minkov, Michael. "A revision of Hofstede’s model of national culture: old evidence and new data from 56 countries." Cross Cultural & Strategic Management 25, no. 2 (May 8, 2018): 231–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ccsm-03-2017-0033.

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PurposeHofstede’s model of national culture has enjoyed enormous popularity but rests partly on faith. It has never been fully replicated and its predictive properties have been challenged. The purpose of this paper is to provide a test of the model’s coherence and utility.Design/methodology/approachAnalyses of secondary data, including the World Values Survey, and a new survey across 56 countries represented by nearly 53,000 probabilistically selected respondents.FindingsImproved operationalizations of individualism-collectivism (IDV-COLL) suggest it is a robust dimension of national culture. A modern IDV-COLL index supersedes Hofstede’s 50 year-old original one. Power distance (PD) seems to be a logical facet of IDV-COLL, rather than an independent dimension. Uncertainty avoidance (UA) lacks internal reliability. Approval of restrictive societal rules and laws is a facet of COLL and is not associated with national anxiety or neuroticism. UA is not a predictor of any of its presumed main correlates: importance of job security, preference for a safe job, trust, racism and xenophobia, subjective well-being, innovation, and economic freedom. The dimension of masculinity-femininity (MAS-FEM) lacks coherence. MAS and FEM job goals and broader values are correlated positively, not negatively, and are not related to the MAS-FEM index. MAS-FEM is not a predictor of any of its presumed main correlates: achievement and competition orientation, help and compassion, preference for a workplace with likeable people, work orientation, religiousness, gender egalitarianism, foreign aid. After a radical reconceptualization and a new operationalization, the so-called “fifth dimension” (CWD or long-term orientation) becomes more coherent and useful. The new version, called flexibility-monumentalism (FLX-MON), explains the cultural differences between East Asian Confucian societies at one extreme and Latin America plus Africa at the other, and is the best predictor of national differences in educational achievement.Research limitations/implicationsDifferences between subsidiaries of a multinational company, such as IBM around 1970, are not necessarily a good source of knowledge about broad cultural differences. A model of national culture must be validated across a large number of countries from all continents and its predictions should withstand various plausible controls. Much of Hofstede’s model (UA, MAS-FEM) fails this test while the remaining part (IDV-COLL, PD, LTO) needs a serious revision.Practical implicationsConsultancies and business schools still teach Hofstede’s model uncritically. They need to be aware of its deficiencies.Originality/valueAs UA and MAS-FEM are apparently misleading artifacts of Hofstede’s IBM data set, a thorough revision of Hofstede’s model is proposed, reducing it to two dimensions: IDV-COLL and FLX-MON.
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Dumančić, Marko. "Comment: Socialism’s Mal(e)contents." Aspasia 15, no. 1 (August 1, 2021): 140–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.3167/asp.2021.150109.

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This article reflects on how the authors in this Special Forum collectively advance the work in the subfield of critical masculinity studies. The several significant themes emerging in this collection of articles include: persistent state intervention in gender relations, the impact of longstanding patriarchal norms, the rapidly changing postwar gender equilibrium, and the continuing significance of war and martial masculinity. Furthermore, the Special Forum illuminates the importance of micro-histories and ego-documents to the study of masculinities in Central and East Europe. Finally, by framing agency as a relational process affected by a variety of constraints, these authors’ work marks a productive forward movement for the future study of critical masculinity studies more generally.
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Hampshire, Kathryn. ""Who Killed the World?": Monstrous Masculinity and Mad Max." Digital Literature Review 4 (January 13, 2017): 177–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.33043/dlr.4.0.177-190.

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In a futuristic, dystopian Australia, Max Rockatansky is a lone warrior struggling against the forces that have ripped his family, and society as a whole, to shreds. From rogue motorcycle gangs to violencebased legal systems, the Mad Max films depict a world in which the most toxic aspects of masculinity have poisoned society, mutating into something far more dangerous — something monstrous. The series presents a version of monstrosity that has sunk its claws into the very masculinity it usually serves to validate; in light of these subversions, this analysis utilizes monster theory in conjunction with gender studies to examine toxic masculinity in the Mad Max franchise
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Kristjánsdóttir, Helga, and Fjóla Björk Karlsdóttir. "UK FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT IN THE OECD, CULTURE AND GEOGRAPHY." Baltic Journal of Economic Studies 6, no. 5 (December 2, 2020): 8–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.30525/256-0742/2020-6-5-8-14.

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How does distance affect foreign direct investment? Subject of this research is to determine important factors for the United Kingdom, when undertaking foreign direct investment (FDI). The UK is therefore estimated as the home country of investment, investing in the form of FDI in multiple host countries. More specifically, this research measures determinants of FDI outward stock from the UK to other OECD countries. This research examines how distance affects foreign direct investment and provides twofold contribution. First: Hofstede culture distance effects on foreign direct investment is measured. Second: Geographical kilometer distance effects on foreign direct investment is measured. Methodology used in this research is based on the gravity model, presenting a model setup designed for international trade. Moreover, the research applies foreign direct investment OECD data, together with data on gross domestic product and population. The equation specification combines the economic variables with measures for geographical distances, and the Hofstede Culture measure. First regression equation estimates FDI as a function of GDP, population and Culture Distance. Second regression equation estimates FDI as a function of GDP, population and Geographical Distance. This regression setup provides a clear opportunity to estimate the difference between impact of cultural and geographical distance, represented in the estimation coefficients of the regressions. The British Empire has evolved and through time developed the British culture. Purpose of this current research is to examine how cultural distance and geographical distance impact foreign direct investment, with foreign direct investment often being an indicator of the long-term commitment of foreign investors. Furthermore, with the purpose of finding how foreign direct investment is impacted by several different cultural factors, we analyze various dimensions of the Hofstede culture. These are the power distance (PDI), individualism (IDV), the masculinity/femininity (MAS), and the uncertainty avoidance (UAI). Conclusion is that, all taken together, the research finds foreign direct investment from the UK going to other OECD countries to be more highly affected by geographical distance than cultural distance. Which is interesting considering Brexit. Potentially, this is because the UK is not so culturally different from its main trading partners in the OECD, which is an interesting subject for future research.
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Brown, Christopher R. "Mad About the Boy? Hollywood Stardom and Masculinity Subverted inThe Swimmer." Quarterly Review of Film and Video 29, no. 4 (July 2012): 356–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10509201003667226.

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Doyal, Lesley, and Linda Musariri. "AIDS and masculinity in the African city: Privilege, inequality, and modern manhood." Medicine Anthropology Theory | An open-access journal in the anthropology of health, illness, and medicine 5, no. 1 (April 27, 2018): 115. http://dx.doi.org/10.17157/mat.5.1.617.

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Driesslein, April. "From the “Technician Thing” to the “Mental Game”: Masculinity and U.S. Homebirth." Medical Anthropology Quarterly 31, no. 4 (July 20, 2017): 464–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/maq.12338.

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이혜령 and Jinsook Kim. "Validation of the Korean Version Meanings of Adolescent Masculinity Scale(K-MAMS)." Korea Journal of Counseling 19, no. 3 (June 2018): 183–207. http://dx.doi.org/10.15703/kjc.19.3.201806.183.

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Roberts, Shari. ": This Mad Masquerade: Stardom and Masculinity in the Jazz Age . Gaylyn Studlar." Film Quarterly 51, no. 3 (April 1998): 62–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/fq.1998.51.3.04a00080.

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Stanley, Sharon. "Unbridled Stallions and Mad Bulls: Masculinity, Race, and Sexuality in Hemispheric Perspective." New Political Science 42, no. 3 (July 2, 2020): 378–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/07393148.2020.1814671.

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Pinna, Mariella. "Do gender identities of femininity and masculinity affect the intention to buy ethical products?" Psychology & Marketing 37, no. 3 (November 26, 2019): 384–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mar.21298.

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Swanson, Elizabeth. "Rape, Representation, and the Endurance of Hegemonic Masculinity." Violence Against Women 25, no. 13 (September 10, 2019): 1613–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1077801219869551.

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This article mines the history of rape jurisprudence to illuminate how the legal treatment of wartime rape informs long-standing gendered tropes that dominate its understanding on the ground as well as its representation in literary and cultural texts. The essay concludes by reading Congolese novelist Emmanuel Dongala’s Johnny Mad Dog as a model for a dialogic literary imagination capable of revealing the fatal consequences of toxic masculinity as it informs not only the perpetration of rape in wartime, but also the possibility for either perpetrator or victim to achieve subjectivity free from the burdens of brutally constraining gender norms.
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Roberts, Shari. "Review: This Mad Masquerade: Stardom and Masculinity in the Jazz Age by Gaylyn Studlar." Film Quarterly 51, no. 3 (1998): 62–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1213604.

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Dori-Hacohen, Gonen, and Timothy T. White. "“Booyah Jim”: The construction of hegemonic masculinity in CNBC ‘Mad Money’ phone-in interactions." Discourse, Context & Media 2, no. 4 (December 2013): 175–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.dcm.2013.10.001.

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Cohen, Anjalee. "Youth Gangs, Violence, and Local Culture in Chiang Mai, Northern Thailand." Journal of Contemporary Ethnography 47, no. 4 (April 19, 2017): 484–507. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0891241617702196.

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Drawing on twenty-four months of ethnographic research, this article examines the role of violence among northern Thai youth gangs at the intersection of global capitalism and local culture. Contrary to dominant representations that depict youth gang violence as a means for psychologically coping as victims of dramatic social change, I argue that youth violence may be viewed as active and creative ways of negotiating change under conditions of rapid urbanization and modernization. For gang youth in northern Thailand, violence offers an opportunity to “fit in and stick out” in an anonymous cosmopolitan city. While some Chiang Mai youth subcultures draw primarily on global cultural resources as a means of standing out and enhancing one’s “subcultural capital,” northern Thai youth gangs rely more heavily on local culture to achieve status and a sense of self-worth, particularly in relation to enduring Thai values of masculinity centered on notions of invulnerability.
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Carter, James Bucky. "Princes, Beasts, or Royal Pains: Men and Masculinity in the Revisionist Fairy Tales of Mary E. Wilkins Freeman." Marvels & Tales 20, no. 1 (2006): 30–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/mat.2006.0006.

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Tunc, Tanfer Emin. "The “Mad Men” of Nutrition: The Drinking Man’s Diet and Mid-Twentieth-Century American Masculinity." Global Food History 4, no. 2 (February 6, 2018): 189–206. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/20549547.2018.1434353.

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Coltart, Carrie, and Karen Henwood. "On paternal subjectivity: a qualitative longitudinal and psychosocial case analysis of men’s classed positions and transitions to first-time fatherhood." Qualitative Research 12, no. 1 (February 2012): 35–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1468794111426224.

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Using Timescapes ‘Men as Fathers’ (MAF) project data, qualitative longitudinal (QL) and psychosocial case study approaches are showcased for studying the making of paternal subjectivity in and through time. The accounts of two men from self-defined ‘working’ and ‘middle-class’ backgrounds are explored, focusing on how their lines of flight as paternal subjects are shaped by tensions between a push towards new subjectivities and the pull of old discourses. The men’s vexed intergenerational inheritance of classed versions of masculinity is shown to be an energizing force which, in dynamic relationship to other social and discursive forces, produces shifting investments in motherly and affectionate models of fathering. Adopting QL and psychosocial lenses, and foregrounding the importance of men’s intergenerational experiences, positions and transitions as paternal subjects, provides insights into the broad sociocultural transformations in masculinity and fatherhood threading through the dynamics of individual lives.
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Forsberg, Jennifer. "The Cross-Country/Cross-Class Drives of Don Draper/Dick Whitman: Examining Mad Men’s Hobo Narrative." Journal of Working-Class Studies 2, no. 1 (June 1, 2017): 57–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.13001/jwcs.v2i1.6047.

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This article examines how the critically acclaimed television show Mad Men (2007-2015) sells romanticized working-class representations to middle-class audiences, including contemporary cable subscribers. The television drama’s lead protagonist, Don Draper, exhibits class performatively in his assumed identity as a Madison Avenue ad executive, which is in constant conflict with his hobo-driven born identity of Dick Whitman. To fully examine Draper/Whitman’s cross-class tensions, I draw on the American literary form of the hobo narrative, which issues agency to the hobo figure but overlooks the material conditions of homelessness. I argue that the hobo narrative becomes a predominant but overlooked aspect of Mad Men’s period presentation, specifically one that is used as a technique for self-making and self-marketing white masculinity in twenty-first century U.S. cultural productions.
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Tchalian, Vicente, and Lucas Guerra da Silva. "CONTROLADORES DE ACESSO DA AGENDA PÚBLICA: AS CONSTRUÇÕES DE MASCULINIDADES CISGÊNERAS HEGEMÔNICAS NO PANORAMA PRÉ-ELEITORAL DE 2018 NO BRASIL." Revista Gênero 19, no. 2 (July 2, 2019): 210. http://dx.doi.org/10.22409/rg.v19i2.1259.

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Esse trabalho observou discursos de pré-candidatos à presidência do Brasil em 2018, com vistas a analisar como se dão construções de masculinida-des ali performadas. Nosso escopo teórico centra-se nas discussões sobre mas-culinidade hegemônica e participação política de mulheres no cenário brasileiro, na crítica ao dispositivo da transgeneridade e à cisnormatividade heterocentrada. Partimos da observação e tabelamento dos dados gerados por meio de vídeos postados no site Youtube® e popularidade no Facebook, além de dados de pes-quisas do Datafolha para propor uma análise crítica da atual conjuntura políti-ca do país, a partir do aprofundamento da categoria “controladores de acesso”
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Arrey-Ngang, Taku Catherine. "The Changing Perception of the African Woman towards Patriarchy and Masculinity." International Journal of Scientific Research and Management 8, no. 07 (July 9, 2020): 1489–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.18535/ijsrm/v8i07.el04.

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Patriarchy is a social structure in which men are the primary holders of power, and are preponderate in roles of local authority, political leadership, economic power and control of property. Several African literary productions focus on the suffering of women in such patriarchal setup with men being very domineering and women oppressed; the man is always at the helm with the woman being the silent observer. In most cases, property and family name are passed down within the male line of inheritance. Basically, men are in charge. This article however exposes the changing awareness of today’s African woman from one who is governed to being more in control of her surroundings. Using two African plays: Ola Rotimi’s Our Husband Has Gone Mad Again and Anne Tanyi Tang’s Eneta vs Elimo, we argue that women have evolved from being disenfranchised dependents and voiceless recipients to assertive and productive contributors in their families and society. Deconstruction and Nego-feminism are applied here to reveal how women negotiate their way through patriarchy as a means of achieving their goals of empowerment and determination to effect socio-political change. (Key Words: Perception, Patriarchy, Masculinity, Chauvinism, Deconstruction, Nego-feminism)
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Taku, Catherine Arrey-Ngang. "The Changing Perception of the African Woman towards Patriarchy and Masculinity." International Journal of Scientific Research and Management 8, no. 07 (July 28, 2020): 1563–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.18535/ijsrm/v8i07.el08.

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Patriarchy is a social structure in which men are the primary holders of power, and are preponderate in roles of local authority, political leadership, economic power and control of property. Several African literary productions focus on the suffering of women in such patriarchal setup with men being very domineering and women oppressed; the man is always at the helm with the woman being the silent observer. In most cases, property and family name are passed down within the male line of inheritance. Basically, men are in charge. This article however exposes the changing awareness of today’s African woman from one who is governed to being more in control of her surroundings. Using two African plays: Ola Rotimi’s Our Husband Has Gone Mad Again and Anne Tanyi Tang’s Eneta vs Elimo, we argue that women have evolved from being disenfranchised dependents and voiceless recipients to assertive and productive contributors in their families and society. Deconstruction and Nego-feminism are applied here to reveal how women negotiate their way through patriarchy as a means of achieving their goals of empowerment and determination to effect socio-political change.
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Han, Sallie. "Conceiving Masculinity: Male Infertility, Medicine, and Identity. Liberty Walther Barnes. Philadelphia: Temple University Press, 2014, 211 pp.Misconception: Social Class and Infertility in America. Ann V. Bell. New Brunswick: Rutgers University Press, 201." Medical Anthropology Quarterly 29, no. 4 (April 23, 2015): b1—b4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/maq.12211.

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Minillo, Xaman, Bianca Mendes, Luiza Bandeira, and Rebeca Lages. "Mulheres guerreiras: questões de gênero na participação feminina nas FARC e sua influência nas negociações de paz na Colômbia." Monções: Revista de Relações Internacionais da UFGD 6, no. 11 (September 23, 2017): 305. http://dx.doi.org/10.30612/rmufgd.v6i11.6921.

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Este artigo busca analisar a participação das mulheres colombianas nas Forças Armadas Revolucionárias da Colômbia (FARC). A partir de um panorama histórico das origens e atividades do grupo guerrilheiro e da presença feminina nele, em conjunto com os motivos pelos quais mulheres se unem ao grupo, as funções e atividades que desempenharam dentro dele, são investigadas as oportunidades e desafios que as confrontam neste ambiente em termos de questões de gênero. Identifica-se que a atuação das mulheres nas FARC é ambígua do ponto de vista de gênero e simultaneamente apresenta possibilidades de transcendência de dicotomias tradicionais, mas também reafirma elementos de uma cultura masculinista marcada pelo militarismo e pela violência. Reconhecendo a importância da igualdade de gênero para a promoção da paz positiva, enfatiza-se a relevância do reconhecimento destas dinâmicas entre os guerrilheiros como um caminho necessário para a construção da paz na Colômbia.
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Thomas, Sue. "THE TROPICAL EXTRAVAGANCE OF BERTHA MASON." Victorian Literature and Culture 27, no. 1 (March 1999): 1–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s106015039927101x.

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AS SUSAN L. MEYER SUGGESTS, “[a]n interpretation of the significance of the British empire in Jane Eyre must begin by making sense of Bertha Mason Rochester, the mad, drunken West Indian wife whom Rochester keeps locked up on the third floor of his ancestral mansion” (252). In Richard Mason’s deposition concerning the marriage of Edward Fairfax Rochester and Bertha Antoinetta Mason in Spanish Town, Jamaica, Bertha is described as the child of Jonas Mason, West India planter and merchant, and Antoinetta Mason, identified only as a Creole. In Rochester’s account of Bertha’s family the “germs of insanity” are passed on by the Creole mother (334; ch. 27). In this essay I retraverse late eighteenth- to mid-nineteenth-century ethnographic discourses about white Creole degeneracy and situate Brontë’s representations of the Creoleness of Bertha and Richard Mason in relation to them, arguing that Jane Eyre demarcates both femininity and masculinity in imperial and racial terms, while also blurring these categories. Brontë, I demonstrate, links the degenerate moral and intellectual character of the white Creole with the cruelties of the slave-labour system in Jamaica, and with historical Jamaican slave rebellions figured through metaphor and allusion. This depiction suggests that Brontë has carefully historicized the relationships among Bertha Mason Rochester, Edward Fairfax Rochester, and Jane Eyre.
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Cohan, S. "Review. This mad masquerade: stardom and masculinity in the jazz age (film and culture series). Gaylyn Studlar. Hard looks: masculinities, spectatorship and contemporary consumption (consumption and space). Sean Nixon." Screen 38, no. 4 (December 1, 1997): 409–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/screen/38.4.409.

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Ribeiro, Loredana, Daniele Borges Bezerra, Joziléia Daniza Jagso Kaingang, Priscila Chagas de Oliveira, and Rosemar Gomes Lemos. "“Brave Women” – Discussing Gender Trough the Expography." Habitus 16, no. 1 (June 29, 2018): 5. http://dx.doi.org/10.18224/hab.v16i1.6006.

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This paper presents the experience of conception and execution of an expography of genderthat taps in the potential of archaeological and ethnographiccollections to promote debates about sexism, racism, homophobia and other common practices of daily oppression. Conceived from two transversals segments of dispute the exhibit rejects the elitist and hegemonic discourses as much as it feeds the criticism about the masculinism scientific/academic discourse that forms supposedly neutral representations of the past that naturalizes all the gender, race-ethnicity, sexuality and class inequities that exists nowadays. Bravas Mulheres is a display of photos, things and narratives of subjects that resisted and resist the subjugation, their process of collective and self-affirmation, their material worlds, knowledge and subjectivities. ‘Bravas Mulheres’ Discutindo Gênero Através da Expografia O artigo relata a experiência de concepção e execução de uma expografia de gênero que explora o potencial de acervos arqueológicos e etnográficos para estimular a reflexão e o debate sobre o sexismo, o racismo, a homofobia e outras práticas de opressão cotidiana. Concebida a partir de dois segmentos transversais de contestação, a narrativa expográfica tanto rejeita os discursos hegemônicos e elitistas de patrimônio quanto busca fomentar a crítica ao masculinismo do discurso científico/acadêmico que constrói representações do passado supostamente neutras, mas que naturalizam as desigualdades de sexo/gênero, raça/etnia, sexualidade e classe que existem hoje. Bravas Mulheres é uma exposição de fotografias, coisas e narrativas de sujeitas que resistiram e resistem à subalternização, seus processos de afirmação individual e coletiva, seus mundos materiais, saberes e subjetividades.
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ANDREWS, BEN. "Gaylyn Studlar, This Mad Masquerade: Stardom and Masculinity in the Jazz Age (New York: Columbia University Press, 1996, £31.00 cloth, £14.00 paper). Pp. 320. ISBN 0 231 10320 4, 0 231 10321 2." Journal of American Studies 32, no. 1 (April 1998): 125–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021875898685820.

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KITLV, Redactie. "Book reviews." Bijdragen tot de taal-, land- en volkenkunde / Journal of the Humanities and Social Sciences of Southeast Asia 165, no. 2-3 (2009): 357–427. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22134379-90003639.

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Des Alwi, Friends and exiles; A memoir of the nutmeg isles and the Indonesian nationalist movement. (Chris F. van Fraassen) James A. Anderson, The rebel den of Nùng Trí Cao; Loyalty and identity along the Sino-Vietnamese frontier. (Emmanuel Poisson) Reggie Baay, De njai; Het concubinaat in Nederlands-Indië. (Maya Sutedja-Liem) John Barker (ed.), The anthropology of morality in Melanesia and beyond. (Jaap Timmer) Kees Buijs, Powers of blessing from the wilderness and from heaven; Structure and transformations in the religion of the Toraja in the Mamasa area of South Sulawesi. (Robert Wessing) Jamie S. Davidson, From rebellion to riots; Collective violence on Indonesian Borneo. (Victor T. King) Kees van Dijk, The Netherlands Indies and the Great War, 1914-1918. (Jaap Anten) Linda España-Maram, Creating masculinity in Los Angeles’ Little Manila; Working-class Filipinos and popular culture, 1920s-1950s. (John D. Blanco) Renate Carstens, Durch Asien im Horizont des Goethekreises; Neue Facetten im Wirken Goethes. (Edwin Wieringa) James T. Collins, Bahasa Sanskerta dan Bahasa Melayu. (Arlo Griffiths) Victoria M. Clara van Groenendael, Jaranan; The horse dance and trance in East Java. (Dick van der Meij) Paul M. Handley, The king never smiles; A biography of Thailand’s Bhumibol Adulyadej. (Jeroen Rikkerink) Holger Jebens, Kago und kastom; Zum Verhältnis von kultureller Fremd- und Selbstwahrnehmung in West New Britain (Papua-Neuguinea). (Menno Hekker) Lee Hock Guan and Leo Suryadinata (eds), Language, nation and development in Southeast Asia. (Renata M. Lesner-Szwarc) Ross H. McLeod and Andrew MacIntyre (eds), Indonesia; Democracy and the promise of good governance. AND Patrick Ziegenhain, The Indonesian parliament and democratization. (Henk Schulte Nordholt) Laurent Sagart, Roger M. Blench, and Alicia Sanchez-Mazas (eds), The peopling of East Asia; Putting together archaeology, linguistics and genetics. (Alexander Adelaar) Saw Swee Hock, The population of Malaysia. (Gavin Jones) Henk Schulte Nordholt and Fridus Steijlen (producers), Don’t forget to remember me; A day in the life of Indonesia. (Jean Gelman Taylor) Karel Steenbrink, Catholics in Indonesia; A documented history. Volume I, A modest recovery 1808-1900; Volume 2 (with the cooperation of Paule Maas), The spectacular growth of a self-confident minority 1903-1942. (Chris de Jong) Pamela J. Stewart and Andrew Strathern (eds), Exchange and sacrifice. (Toon van Meijl) Hans Straver (samenst.), Wonder en geweld; De Molukken in de verbeelding van vertellers en schrijvers. (G.J. Schutte) Dendy Sugono et al. (eds), Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia Pusat Bahasa; Edisi keempat. (Hein Steinhauer) Jacqueline Vel, Uma politics; An ethnography of democratization in West Sumba, Indonesia, 1986-2006. (Chris Lundry) C.W. Watson, Of self and injustice; Autobiography and repression in modern Indonesia. (Roxana Waterson)
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Schedneck, Brooke. "Gender in Buddhist Southeast Asian History and Anthropology - The Traffic in Hierarchy: Masculinity and Its Others in Buddhist Burma. By Ward Keeler. Honolulu: University of Hawai‘i Press, 2017. xvi, 333 pp. ISBN: 9780824865948 (cloth). - Gender and the Path to Awakening: Hidden Histories of Nuns in Modern Thai Buddhism. By Martin Seeger. Chiang Mai: Silkworm Books, 2018. xvii, 341 pp. ISBN: 9786162151477 (paper)." Journal of Asian Studies 78, no. 4 (November 2019): 977–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021911819001700.

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Давыдова, Н. В., В. И. Комашинский, И. И. Михаил, Д. Р. Худайназарова, and В. П. Чернолес. "A methodology for forming international ship crews." MORSKIE INTELLEKTUAL`NYE TEHNOLOGII, no. 3(49) (August 13, 2020). http://dx.doi.org/10.37220/mit.2020.49.3.029.

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Разработана методика формирования судовых команд из представителей стран с отличающимися культурами. Показано, что широкое представительство в таких командах граждан различных стран актуализирует проблему их адаптации к ранее неизвестной им культурной среде на судне. Сложность формирования подобных мультикультурных коллективов обусловлена сложностью снижения различий в культурных ценностях членов команды, неразработанностью в психологической практике судового коллектива принципов и средств кросс-культурной адаптации (ККА) членов команды для обеспечения психологического равновесия на эмоциональном, коммуникабельном и поведенческих уровнях в кратчайшие сроки. Рассмотрена динамика процесса ККА представителей различных стран в ситуациях нового социокультурного окружения. Предложена методика комплектования мультикультурных судовых команд, основанная на использовании культурных синдромов параметрической модели культуры Г.Хофстеде: «дистанция власти» (PDI – Power Distance Index); «коллективизм-индивидуализм» (IDV-Individualism Index Values); «избегание неопределенности» (UAI-Uncertainty Avoidacer Index); «маскулинность-фемининность» (MAS-Masculiniti Index). На основе вычисления интегральных показателей культур определены показатели: плохо, допустимо, приемлемо и хорошо совместимых представителей различных культур для работы в составе мультикультурной судовой команды. Практика использования разработанной методики показала существенное снижение уровней личностной и ситуационной тревожности в составе интернациональных групп. A methodology has been developed for forming international ship crews composed of representatives of countries with different cultures. It is shown that the wide representation of citizens of different countries in these crews actualizes the problem of their adaptation to a previously unknown multicultural environment on board the ship. The complexity of forming such multicultural crews is due to the complexity of reducing differences in the cultural values of crew members, the lack of development of principles and means of cross-cultural adaptation (CCA) of crew members in the psychological practice of the ship crew to ensure psychological balance at the emotional, sociable and behavioral levels within the shortest possible time. The dynamics of cross-cultural adaptation of representatives of different countries to a new socio-cultural environment is considered. A methodology for recruiting multicultural ship crews is proposed based on the use of cultural syndromes of G. Hofstede's parametric model of culture: “power distance” (PDI – Power Distance Index), “collectivism-individualism” (IDV – Individualism Index Value), “uncertainty avoidance” (UAI – Uncertainty Avoidance Index) and “masculinity-femininity” (MAS – Masculinity Index). Based on the calculation of integral cultural indicators, the indicators of poorly, tolerably, acceptably and well compatible representatives of different cultures for work as part of a multicultural ship crew are determined. The practice of using the developed methodology has shown a significant decrease in the levels of personal and situational anxiety within international groups.
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Minkov, Michael, and Anneli Kaasa. "A test of Hofstede's model of culture following his own approach." Cross Cultural & Strategic Management ahead-of-print, ahead-of-print (October 27, 2020). http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ccsm-05-2020-0120.

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PurposeRecent studies exposed serious issues with Hofstede's popular model of culture, especially his uncertainty avoidance (UA) and masculinity-femininity (MAS–FEM) dimensions. However those studies did not focus on work-related issues as in Hofstede’s research.Design/methodology/approachWe followed Hofstede’s approach to his dimensions more closely than anyone before in a large cross-cultural study. We used data from the nationally representative International Social Survey Program (over 50,000 respondents from 47 countries), measuring work goals and work-related stress in a way similar to Hofstede's.FindingsUA and MAS–FEM, as measured and described by Hofstede, did not replicate. They lack internal consistency and the items that target them are not associated with Hofstede's UA and MAS–FEM indices. Instead, some of those items follow a very different and sound logic, invalidating Hofstede's UA and MAS–FEM theories. Our study provides additional evidence that UA and MAS–FEM are misleading artifacts of Hofstede's IBM database, with no analogues outside IBM. An improved, recently reported version of individualism-collectivism (IDV-COLL) replicated nearly perfectly, solidifying the validity of that dimension of national culture. A revised version of long-term orientation, called flexibility–monumentalism (FLX–MON) also replicated well.Research limitations/implicationsWe discuss lessons for the cross-cultural field, including cross-cultural management, as well as policy-making by national governments, to be drawn from the controversial story of Hofstede's model. We advise a stronger focus on empirical confirmation and replication rather than excessive faith in fascinating, yet unproven theory.Practical implicationsTo avoid further confusion, we advise researchers, consultants and managers to reconsider the use of Hofstede's UA and MAS–FEM and focus on the valid dimensions in the revised Minkov-Hofstede model.Social implicationsA number of national governments recently launched large-scale studies of their national cultures, based on Hofstede's model. The goal of those studies was to involve culture in the design of social and economic development policies. Studies of this kind should be founded on empirically sound models or else they can result in the formulation of flawed policies.Originality/valueThis is the first study of large samples from many nations showing that even when Hofstede's method is followed closely by focusing on work-related issues, UA and MAS–FEM do not emerge from the data, and this is not because of data deficiencies but because the logic of UA and MAS–FEM is demonstrably flawed. Our study also demonstrates new methods for the replication of IDV-COLL and FLX–MON, though without claiming that they are superior to existing ones.
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Wind, A., E. D. Hartman, R. R. J. P. Van Eekeren, R. P. W. F. Wijn, J. Halámková, J. Mattson, S. Siesling, and W. H. van Harten. "Validating a generic cancer consumer quality index in eight European countries, patient reported experiences and the influence of cultural differences." BMC Cancer 21, no. 1 (March 6, 2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12885-021-07943-0.

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Abstract Background Taking patient centeredness into account is important in healthcare. The European Cancer Consumer Quality Index (ECCQI) is a validated tool for international benchmarking of patient experiences and satisfaction. This study aimed to further validate the ECCQI in larger and more uniform groups of high volume tumours such as breast and prostate cancer. A second objective was the verification of the influence of cultural factors of the country to determine its possible use in international benchmarking. Methods Data from two survey studies in eight European countries were combined. Socio-demographic correlations were analysed with Kruskall-Wallis and Mann-Whitney tests. Cronbach’s alpha was calculated to validate internal consistency. Influences of masculinity (MAS), power distance (PD) and uncertainty avoidance (UA) were determined by linear regression analysis in a general model and subgroup models. Results A total of 1322 surveys were included in the analysis (1093 breast- and 348 prostate cancer patients). Cronbach’s alpha was good (α ≥ 0.7) or acceptable (0.5 ≤ α ≤ 0.7) in 8 out of 9 questionnaire categories, except in the category ‘Safety’ (α = 0.305). Overall ECCQI scores ranged from 22.1 to 25.1 between countries on a 1–35 scale (categories had a 1–4 scale). In certain subcategories such as ‘Organisation’ (range 2.2 vs 3.0) and ‘Supervision & Support’ (range 3.0 vs 3.8) a large difference was observed between countries. Differences in ‘Overall opinion’ were however small: mean scores of 3.7 vs 3.9, whereas median scores were all the maximum of 4.0. Power distance was positively associated with higher patient satisfaction scores whereas Uncertainty avoidance was negatively associated with these scores. Masculinity was only associated with patient satisfaction scores in lower educated patients. We found the highest impact of culture on overall scores in Hungary and Portugal and the lowest in Romania. Conclusions The ECCQI shows high internal consistency in all categories except ‘Safety’. Especially in separate categories and overall ECCQI scores the questionnaire showed discriminative value. This study showed a positive correlation of power distance and a negative correlation for uncertainty avoidance in some countries. When using the ECCQI for international benchmarking these two dimensions of culture should be taken into account.
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Morales-Alonso, Gustavo, Yilsy Núñez Guerrero, Juan Francisco Aguilera, and Carlos Rodríguez-Monroy. "Entrepreneurial aspirations: economic development, inequalities and cultural values." European Journal of Innovation Management ahead-of-print, ahead-of-print (March 26, 2020). http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ejim-07-2019-0206.

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PurposeThis study aims at shedding light on entrepreneurial aspirations on both developed and developing economies, in terms of contextual and individual values. Among the former, economic development and inequalities are sought after, while among the latter national culture is the variable under study.Design/methodology/approachThe data used are extracted from the Global Entrepreneurship Monitor for a panel of countries, where the entrepreneurial aspirations of individuals of each country are measured through the Total early-stage Entrepreneurial Activity (TEA). The influence of cultural values as defined by Hofstede (individualism-collectivism (IDV), masculinity–femininity (MAS) and uncertainty avoidance (UAI)), moderated by the development level of the country and the existing inequalities are analyzed through artificial neural network (ANN) and multilayer perceptron (MLP) techniques.FindingsResults show that in the post-crisis era, entrepreneurial aspirations are negatively linked to individualism in developing countries. In developed countries, however, entrepreneurship is not linked to individualism but to inequalities.Originality/valueEntrepreneurial aspirations have not been thoroughly studied in the post-crisis era. We prove that entrepreneurial orientations have changed, together with the world, in the last decade. Cultural differences between countries tend to moderate, especially among developed ones, which speak of homogenization of national cultures. In this regard, inequalities are the determining factor. Contrarily, in developing countries, the differences in individualism are noticeable when it comes to analyzing entrepreneurial aspirations.
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Doyal, Lesley, and Linda Musariri. "AIDS and masculinity in the African city." Medicine Anthropology Theory 5, no. 1 (April 27, 2018). http://dx.doi.org/10.17157/mat.5.1.671.

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Oktaviani, Anisa Debby, Yudhistira Yehezkiel, and Thoby Pramudito. "Eli Rezkallah’s “In a Parallel Universe” Photography: Attempting Reversal Gender Stereotype in Mad-Men Era Advertising." Jurnal Bahasa, Sastra, dan Studi Amerika 25, no. 1 (July 3, 2019). http://dx.doi.org/10.20961/jbssa.v25i1.31538.

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<p>Sexism and gender stereotype turns out to be political term that refers to descrimination of women in society despite their sex and gender. Thus, contexts in sexism are coming from different background and subjects. One way to express the sexism is towards advertising industry. This paper focuses on a photography work by Lebanon-based artist and photographer, named Eli Rezkallah, who made an outstanding work of recreating the advertisement picture from the mad-man era, which depicts about sexism between men and women in workforce, especially in domestic sphere. Eli Rezkallah attempted gender reversal of sexist advertisement of products in the 1950s United States. The original picture depicts feminine submission to the dominant and hegemonic masculinity. His attempt is to depict a reversed role, or in other words, female masculinity. This article analyzes the original &amp; reversed pictures using semiotic analysis, and comes to the conclusion that the gender reversal attempt does not succeeded and does not depict female masculinity, only depicting a different form of sexism.</p><p>Key words: Gender, Masculinity, Sexism, Female, Advertising</p>
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"This mad masquerade: stardom and masculinity in the Jazz Age." Choice Reviews Online 34, no. 05 (January 1, 1997): 34–2675. http://dx.doi.org/10.5860/choice.34-2675.

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48

Sandeau, Jules. "Les multiples masculinités de Ryan Gosling." Mise au point, no. 9 (May 2, 2017). http://dx.doi.org/10.4000/map.2399.

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49

Chedaleux, Delphine. "Déclinaisons de la masculinité dans les comédies françaises : le cas Jean Dujardin." Mise au point, no. 6 (April 1, 2014). http://dx.doi.org/10.4000/map.1741.

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50

Bilhalva, Liza, and Marta Bonow Rodrigues. "“O TRABALHO VAI SER O ALIMENTO PRA PROLONGAR UM POUQUINHO MAIS A VIDA”: ENVELHECIMENTO, MASCULINIDADE E TRABALHO NO PAMPA SUL-RIOGRANDENSE." ILUMINURAS 20, no. 49 (May 29, 2019). http://dx.doi.org/10.22456/1984-1191.89717.

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Abstract:
Este artigo é o resultado de observações durante a pesquisa etnográfica para elaboração de um inventário sobre o modo de vida no ambiente da pecuária extensiva no pampa sul-riograndense. O objetivo é apresentar, por meio de texto e imagens, homens que cresceram e envelheceram na região da campanha do Rio Grande do Sul, tanto no meio rural, quanto no urbano, e como constroem suas masculinidades, tendo o trabalho como um de seus principais elementos constituidores.“THE LABOR WILL BE THE FUEL TO EXTEND A LITTLE MORE LIFE ": AGING, MASCULINITY AND LABOR IN THE PAMPA SUL-RIOGRANDENSEAbstract This paper results from observations during the ethnographic research to elaborate an inventory on the way of life in the environment of the extensive cattle breeding in the pampa sul-riograndense. The aim is to present, through text and images, men who have grown up and have grown old in the Campanha region of the State of Rio Grande do Sul, both in countryside and town, and how they build their masculinity, taking labor as one of its main constituent elements
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