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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Marxism'
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1
Kong, Yuek-man Josephine, and 江若雯. "Marxist critique of capitalist democracy: theperspective of rational choice Marxism." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2004. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31228239.
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Edwards, Jason Saul. "Scientistic Marxism : from the Second International to analytical Marxism." Thesis, Birkbeck (University of London), 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.322664.
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Van, den Berg Axel. "From Marxism on the state to the state of Marxism." Thesis, McGill University, 1985. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=76747.
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In recent years there has been a spectacular growth of Marxist literature on politics and the state in capitalist society. The aim of this thesis is to determine whether this literature has contributed towards a viable, genuinely Marxist theory of the state and to assess the state of current Marxist theorizing more generally. On the basis of a comprehensive review of the relevant literature, from the "classics" to the present, it is argued that: (1) instead of theoretical advances, recent theories have produced a progressive immunization of received orthodoxies against empirical falsification; (2) to the extent that it is nevertheless possible to draw empirical implications from them at all, these have become virtually indistinguishable from those of their "bourgeois" counterparts; (3) what continues to underlie Marxist theorizing is an implicit reliance on "socialism" as the criterion of evaluation of capitalist reality combined with a virtual taboo on explicitly considering the exact nature of this "socialism".
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Olsson, Joakim. "Marxism i läroböcker." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för pedagogik, didaktik och utbildningsstudier, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-202628.
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Detta examensarbete undersöker hur marxismen framställs i läroböcker. Detta är intressant eftersom att läroböcker används mycket i skolan och deras innehåll ses som auktoriativt av elever (det vill säga, de tror på det som står däri). Marxismen är också en central ekonomisk teori som kan läras ut i både samhällskunskap och historia. Syftet med uppsatsen är att undersöka hur marxism framställs i läroböcker. Detta syfte preciseras i frågeställningar som frågar vilka aspekter av marxismen som inkluderas i läroböcker och om dessa aspekter skiljer sig åt mellan böcker för ämnena historia och samhällskunskap samt mellan böcker för högstadiet och gymnasiet. De aspekter jag utgår ifrån är marxismens grundläggande beståndsdelar fastställda av Vladimir Lenin. Med hjälp av en kvantitativ innehållsanalys som problematiserar undervisningsinnehåll (och som därmed är en bred didaktisk analys) visar denna undersökning på att framställningen av marxismen i läroböcker är exkluderande när det gäller aspekter av marxismen, att läroböcker i historia inkluderar mer aspekter än de i samhällskunskap, samt att ingen signifikant skillnad mellan böcker för högstadiet och gymnasiet föreligger. Undersökningen visar också på att Karl Marx analys av det kapitalistiska samhället är en aspekt som ofta exkluderas i läroböcker vilket kan ses som ett dolt budskap om vad som är centralt i Marx teorier.
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Price, J. C. "Marxism and ethics." Thesis, University of Sussex, 1988. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.382475.
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Craig, Alan. "Rethinking traditional Marxism, a reinterpretation of Marxism based on The Grundrisse." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp05/mq31191.pdf.
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McAdam, Lindy. "Seeking a new agenda for the left : Marxism versus post-Marxism /." Title page, contents and abstract only, 1998. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09AR/09arm113.pdf.
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Lagos, Felipe. "The misadventures of Latin American Marxism : intellectual journeys towards the deprovincialization of Marxist thought." Thesis, Goldsmiths College (University of London), 2017. http://research.gold.ac.uk/20115/.
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This work revisits some trajectories of Marxism in Latin America characterized by their non-official or critical stance vis-à-vis official versions of Marxism, in order to trace and reconstruct a number of attempts to produce a distinctive ‘Latin American Marxism’. The theoretical framework of the thesis draws upon the conceptual achievements of the authors and currents revisited, based (sometimes wittingly and explicitly, sometimes not) on the categories of uneven and combined development, plural temporalities, and translation. Chapter I organizes the conceptual framework that accompanies the reconstruction, in which the common ground of the selected authors lies in to put into question the developmentalist and modernization apparatus that characterized official Marxism during the 20th century. Chapter II and III reconstruct the work of Peruvian José Carlos Mariátegui, considered as the foremost translation of Marxism into a communal-popular perspective with roots in the Andean indigenous community or ayllu. Chapter II focuses on the centrality of ‘uneven and combined development’ in his confrontation to both the homogeneizing perspective of the Second International and the theoretical ‘exceptionalism’ claimed by Haya de la Torre for Latin America. Chapter III continues the reconstruction of Mariátegui’s Marxism in a different yet related register, namely through the incorporation of the notion of ‘myth’. The notion appears as a keystone to comprehend Mariátegui’s incorporation of the Andean ethno-cultural memories in the conceptual registers of historical materialism. Chapter IV to VI address some reflections on the concomitances and tensions between Marxism and the ‘national-popular’ in Latin America. Chapter IV revisits the so-called dependency theory, a heterogeneous ‘school’ which questioned the assumptions of modernization theories and desarrollista frameworks. The chapter evaluates the extent to which the dependency school was able to disengage itself from the notion of development, from a geopolitically-located conceptualization of the capitalist world structure. Chapter V revisits the work of Argentinean Marxist José Aricó, in particular his reading of the ‘misencounter’ (desencuentro) between Marx and Latin America in the midst of the ‘crisis of Marxism’ during the 1970s and ‘80s. The chapter argues that the notion of ‘misencounter’ can be read from the logic of uneven and combined development and its effects in the development of Marxist theory in the sub-continent. Chapter VI, finally, reconstructs the Marxism of Bolivian René Zavaleta Mercado, focusing on the characterization of Bolivia as ‘motley’ society (sociedad abigarrada), and the different temporalities that feature so defined social structures. In his attempt to produce local knowledge, Zavaleta envisaged a theoretical encounter between the working class and the indigenous movements in the midst of the question of democracy.
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Silva, Natasha Pergher. "Propriedade, distribuição e igualdade em Marx : uma crítica dialética às concepções de justiça do marxismo analítico." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/158171.
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O presente trabalho tem por objetivo avaliar a matéria da justiça sob um prisma marxista, apresentando uma revisão sistemática das principais linhas de argumentação dentro do campo, explorando as nuances e ênfases de algumas dessas abordagens, bem como os impactos que suas distintas concepções epistemológicas e metodológicas produzem no entendimento do problema. A partir dessa revisão, pergunta-se: é possível elaborar uma interpretação da justiça a partir de Marx? Nesse trabalho, defende-se que tal esforço é possível, desde que a interpretação se paute em uma abordagem dialética, a qual permite compreender a justiça de maneira não atomizada e, ao mesmo tempo, desvencilhá-la do economicismo dogmático que afirma que todas as determinações sociais resultam unicamente dos fatores econômicos. Para construir uma abordagem marxista da justiça, porém, além da dialética há que se ter claro outros dois pilares que constituem a sua teoria: a ideia de transcendência da autoalienação e a máxima marxiana presente na Crítica ao Programa de Gotha: “de cada qual segundo suas capacidades, a cada qual segundo suas necessidades”.This study aims to appreciate the question of justice using a Marxist approach, presenting a systematic review of the main lines of argument within the field, exploring the hues and emphases between these approaches as well as the impacts that their distinct epistemological and methodological concepts produce in understanding the problem. From this review, a question is posed: is it possible to develop an interpretation of justice based on Marx? In this paper, it is argued that this effort is possible if the interpretation is guided on a dialectical approach, which allows the comprehension of justice in a non-atomized look and, at the same time, free from the dogmatic economicism that states that all social determinations result only from economic factors. In order to build a Marxist approach to justice, however, besides the dialectics, one must consider also two other pillars that constitute his theory: the idea of transcendence of self-alienation and the Marxian aphorism presented in the Critique of the Gotha Program, "from each according to his ability, to each according to his needs”.
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Crich, Robert Adam. "Slavoj Žižek’s dialectical materialist Marxism." Thesis, Cardiff University, 2015. http://orca.cf.ac.uk/91897/.
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This thesis offers a systematic account of Žižek’s dialectical materialist Marxism that follows the development of his work from his initial Lacanian critique of Marxism and Stalinist totalitarianism, to his attempt to develop a new form of Communist politics including a conception of a Communist utopia. The core and overarching argument of this thesis is that Žižek develops his positions in response to three challenges that he confronts after the limitations of his previous radical democratic politics become evident. These are: an alternative to traditional Marxism and liberal democracy that continues to protect against repeating the errors of the former; an analysis of late-capitalism at libidinal, political and economic levels to explain new forms of ideology, the limitations of liberal democratic politics, and the continuing role of capitalism and class in our contemporary world; and, the reformulation of the Lacanian category of the Real in order to overcome the deadlock of the opposition between das Ding and lack and the political conservatism it produces. In the analysis of Žižek’s response to these challenges, I examine the tension that emerges between the Lacanian and Marxist dimensions of Žižek’s dialectical materialism and how he manages this tension in order to avoid returning to the problems associated with traditional Marxism.
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Donnelly, Bernard. "Marxism and the later Tillich." Thesis, University of Ulster, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.268563.
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Berkemeier, Caleb. "Marx, Marxism, and Human Nature." Kent State University / OhioLINK, 2012. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=kent1335454402.
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Dorahy, James Francis. "The Budapest School: Beyond Marxism." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/17650.
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In my thesis, I defend the claim that the Hungarian-born thinkers often referred to as the Budapest School have made a vital, yet seldom recognised, contribution to contemporary critical theory. Whilst several more or less recent studies have undertaken to clarify and assess works of the Budapest School, our venturing further into the post-Marxist stage of critical theory brings with it the need to reassess the School’s contemporary significance. In so doing, my thesis seeks to open up new perspectives on the relevance of the Budapest School to our contemporary philosophical culture. Historical in scope and contemporary in its intentions, my thesis offers a narrative conceptualisation of the evolution of the Budapest School’s variously articulated critical theories. More specifically, my dissertation discloses the ways in which the values and commitments which had engendered the School’s earliest attempts to develop a critical and humanistic Marxism led its members beyond Marx towards their own penetrating critiques of the antinomies of modernity. This historical-systematic approach has the merit of not only bringing into question the conception of the Budapest School as ‘merely’ exponents of an outmoded theoretical paradigm and critics of a now defunct social system, but also of directing the thesis towards those debates that have either been inadequately addressed or neglected within the burgeoning critical literature on the Budapest School.
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Brox, Björn. "Rattling Society´s Cage in The Great Gatsby : A Marxist Analysis of Character motivation in The Great Gatsby." Thesis, Karlstads universitet, Institutionen för språk, litteratur och interkultur, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-47885.
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The Great Gatsby är en berömd roman som först publicerades år 1926 och skrevs av F. Scott Fitzgerald. Den är väldigt kritisk till den Amerikanska drömmen, ett koncept som har blivit starkt kopplat till kapitalismen. Detta gör det lättare att analysera texten från ett Marxistiskt perspektiv trots att marxism aldrig nämns i romanen. Denna C-uppsats kommer att fokusera på vad som motiverar karaktärerna i romanen. Eftersom romanens huvudperson Jay Gatsby redan har blivit analyserad i väldigt många artiklar och uppsatser så kommer han inte analyseras i denna uppsats. Istället kommer den att fokusera på de andra framstående karaktärerna som Daisy, Tom, Myrtle, George och Nick. När deras motivationer analyseras genom ett Marxistiskt analytiskt perspektiv framkommer det väldigt tydligt att dessa karaktärer har insett att samhället de lever i inte uppfyller deras behov, och att detta kommersialiserade samhälle är orsaken för deras olycka.The Great Gatsby is a famous novel first published in 1926, written by F. Scott Fitzgerald. The novel frequently criticizes the American dream, a concept which has become strongly linked to capitalism. As such, the text lends itself very well to Marxist theory despite not mentioning Marxism in the novel. This C-essay will focus on what motivates the characters of this novel. Since the novels main character Jay Gatsby has been analyzed in many articles and essays he will not be analyzed in this essay. Instead it will focus on the other prominent characters such as Daisy, Tom, Myrtle, George and Nick. When their motivations are analyzed through a Marxist analytical perspective it becomes very clear that these characters have realized that society is not fulfilling their needs, and that their commercialized society is the cause of their unhappiness.
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Rodrigues, Marco Aurélio de Passos [UNIFESP]. "Linguagem e ideologia em Marxismo e filosofia da linguagem." Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), 2013. http://repositorio.unifesp.br/handle/11600/39322.
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Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)
Esta dissertação tem como objetivo estudar a obra Marxismo e filosofia da linguagem e entender como se constitui a relação entre linguagem e ideologia. Para estabelecer como se organiza esta relação, dividiremos este trabalho em três partes. A primeira expõe o debate que a obra faz com três importantes adversários: i) a ortodoxia marxista; ii) o neokantismo, em específico, um dos membros desta escola filosófica, Ernst Cassirer e, por fim, iii) Ferdinand de Saussure. O segundo capítulo expõe de que maneira é construído no interior de Marxismo o conceito de linguagem e como esta surge como um projeto de uma filosofia marxista da linguagem. Para isso, são analisados temas como: a consciência, significação e analise da ideologia. No terceiro capítulo, será explicado de que forma é colocado em prática a tentativa de aplicação do método sociológico por meio da análise do discurso direto e indireto. Após as explicações desses capítulos serão realizadas as considerações finais.
This dissertation intends to study the book Marxism and the Philosophy of Language and to understand how the relationship between language and ideology is established. To do this we will divide this text in three parts. The first one presents the book’s exchange with three important antagonists: i) Marxist orthodoxy; ii) Neokantianism, particularly one of the participants of this philosophical school, Ernst Cassirer; and iii) Ferdinand de Saussure. The second Chapter presents the way the concept of language is established inMarxism and how this constitutes the project of a Marxist philosophy of language. In the third Chapter, we explain how the attempted application of the sociological method is putted into practice by means of an analysis of the direct and indirect speech. After that, we present our final considerations.
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Rowcroft, Andrew. "After post-Marxism : the recuperation and regeneration of Marxism in contemporary British and American fiction." Thesis, University of Lincoln, 2018. http://eprints.lincoln.ac.uk/32673/.
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This thesis constitutes the first sustained attempt to locate twenty-first-century Anglo-American fiction in relation to Marxist literary criticism, resulting in a solid set of original-reference material for those undertaking work on writers Jonathan Lethem, Dana Spiotta, China Miéville, Thomas Pynchon, and Kim Stanley Robinson, or more generally on the intersections between literature, Marxist critical theory, and philosophy. The project uncovers the topics, concerns, and forms of a collection of contemporary cross-genre narratives that I take to instantiate a new political designation occurring after post-Marxism. Moving from the collapse of "actually existing socialism" to the end of the second decade of the twenty-first century, the study identifies five authors who demonstrate a willingness to forge fresh dialogues with Marx, Marxism, and left radical politics. Envisioning how society is shaped by the interaction of subjects operating within the capital relation, the selected fictions of these authors set out to recuperate and regenerate the Marxist intellectual tradition through an unashamedly anti-capitalist approach to the post-millennial world. In focusing upon British and American narrative, the study will redress the current disparity within the Marxist critical tradition between the pervasiveness of critical political economy and the relative lack of scholarly attention to Marxist literary criticism, and the contemporary novel in particular. In addition, it argues the contemporary moment offers an opportunity for the development of a more critical and rigorous Marxist conceptual knowledge that exists beyond the boundaries of postmodern epistemology. The imperative to pursue Marxist readings of contemporary literature has been undertaken by a small group of critics in recent years, and this study will seek to make a significant contribution to this emerging field of scholarly endeavour.
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Wetherly, Paul. "Marxism, history and the state : a critical examination of Marxist theory with particular reference to functional explanation." Thesis, Teesside University, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.259796.
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Eriksson, Tom. "Produktivkrafternas historiska utveckling." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för kultur och kommunikation, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-121662.
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Denna uppsats kommer försöka svara på frågan: “Hur kommer det sig att produktivkrafterna har en tendens att utvecklas genom historien?”, via en granskning och utarbetning av G. A. Cohens historiematerialism. Den kommer bemöta de problem som medföljer Cohens teori och dessutom framföra en lösning som till stor del är hämtad från teorier ur den autonoma marxismen. Det argument som bör ses som en grund för hela uppsatsen säger att produktivkrafternas historiska utveckling sker som en följd av människans intresse av att ha makt över sin egen aktivitet. Argumentet kommer både att försvaras och utarbetas för att visa hur det är relevant som förklaring till en av historiematerialismens mest grundläggande antaganden.
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Norrie, Stephen. "Marxism and the supersession of philosophy." Thesis, University of Warwick, 2011. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/55537/.
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PEFFER, RODNEY GENE. "MARXISM, METAETHICS, AND MORALITY (ETHICS, SOCIALISM)." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/188008.
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This work first exposits and analyzes Marx's implicit moral theory and then examines various objections to the thesis that Marxism and morality are genuinely compatible. Chapter 2 ("Marx's Moral Perspective") traces the development of Marx's moral views and argues that his implicit moral theory is based on the values of freedom (as self-determination), human community and self-realization. Chapter 3 ("Morality and Marx's Theory of Exploitation") argues that Marx's concept of exploitation is, in part, evaluative and involves the violation of the freedom of the exploited due to undemocratic social institutions. In Chapters 4 ("Utilitarian Interpretations of Marx") and 5 ("Freedom, Equality, and Human Dignity in Marx") I argue that Marx is not a utilitarian nor, strictly speaking, a consequentialist of any sort: he does not demand the maximization of a nonmoral good but, rather, a maximum system of equal freedoms, both positive and negative. Chapter 6 ("Marxism, Morality, and Self-Interest") argues (1) that Marx's form of practical reasoning is not purely prudential nor, for any other reason, non-moral in nature and (2) that, in reality, Marx sees moral concerns as well as self-interest as part of revolutionary motivation. Chapter 7 ("Marxism and Moral Historicism") argues against the view that Marx is a "moral historicist," as well as against the thesis that morality is irrelevant from a Marxist point of view because socialism is (purportedly) inevitable. Chapter 8 ("Morality and Ideology") analyzes the Marxist concept of ideology and argues that once we become clear about both this concept and that of morality, we see that morality is not, as a whole, ideological. Chapter 9 ("Marxism, Moral Relativism, and Moral Objectivity") argues that Marxism is not committed to any pernicious form of ethical relativism and then brings to bear hypothetical choice theories and the ideal of unanimous intersubjective agreement. Finally, Chapter 10 ("Marx's Critique of Justice and Rights") takes up Marx's objections to these concepts and argues (1) that they either apply only to certain 'bourgeois' theories or are based on misconceptions and (2) an adequate Marxist moral and social theory must be grounded on theories of justice and human rights.
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Gray, Kevin. "Jean-Paul Sartre and neo-marxism." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/43586.
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Between his first philosophical works and his last, Jean-Paul Sartre radically changed his philosophical outlook. The reasons for this change can be found in European history and Sartre's detailed study of twentieth-century protest movements. Between the end of the Second World War and the 1960s, French intellectuals began an intensive period of introspection, examining the complex relationship between History and social justice. Sartre and the group of intellectuals associated with him combined to fight against Stalinism while searching for a new theory of political action. This thesis discusses the abrupt termination of the ethical project that Sartre proposed to base on his original phenomenological examinations, and discusses his and Simone de Beauvoir's first attempts to construct an Existentialist ethic. Sartre changed from being an Existentialist to a Marxist to finally, late in life, abandoning Marxism in favour of a never well-defined philosophy. But in the Critique of Dialectical Reason, the last of his serious philosophical works, he responded to his ex-friends's critiques in the light of his study of Eastern European history, particularly, the Revolution in Hungary. (Abstract shortened by UMI.)
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Kennedy, S. B. "Analytical Marxism and Marx's theory of history : a realist critique of G.A. Cohen's historical materialism." Thesis, Swansea University, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.637776.
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This thesis criticises G.A. Cohen's 'Karl Marx's theory of history: a defence' and the debate surrounding it, from the perspective of critical realism. It is a sustained critique of analytical Marxism's founding text and one of the first engagements of these two theoretical schools. It involves a close review of the basic terms of the book's presentation of a traditional conception of historical materialism and an assessment of Cohen's success in reconstructing a viable version of the theory. This is judged as a failure. Particular stress is laid upon the inapplicability of analytical philosophy to Marxism and Cohen's ambiguous relationship with the legacy of Hegel in Marx. His functionalist modes of explanation, the material-social division of reality, and the rational individual as a starting point for theory, are all found wanting. This criticism of static ahistorical models and the use of neo-classical methods, has, therefore, significant implications for the hole of the analytical Marxist project. Cohen's version of Marx's theory of history is shown to be unable to account for epochal transition - in particular the transition from feudalism to capitalism - and inadequate in dealing with the determination of the economy. The explanatory primacy of productive forces in history is rejected in favour of an alternative approach to agency, class and social structure. Further to this, a realist interpretation of the Marxist theory of value is offered, the place of class in historical materialism reviewed, and a partial reconceptualisation of relations and forces of production proposed.
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Smith, Neil. "Marxism and Geography in the Anglophone World." Universität Potsdam, 2001. http://opus.kobv.de/ubp/volltexte/2008/2435/.
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Content:
Activism: The Origins of Marxism in English-language Geography
After the Revolution: Critique, Institutionalization and Backlash
Marxist Geography Today: Scale, Labour Geography, Activism
Conclusion
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Grabovskiy, Aleksandr. "Reception of Marxism in 20th Century Russia." Scholarship @ Claremont, 2011. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/cmc_theses/211.
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In my thesis I will study how the revolutionary philosophy of Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels was received and interpreted by early 20th century Russian intellectuals in an attempt to reconcile orthodoxy with the real conditions present in Russia. Through analysis of documents spanning several decades of debate, I will trace the evolution of this discussion to unlock the logic that led to philosophy put to action in the form of revolution. Finally, I will evaluate how this logic fits into the historic trajectory described by Marxism.
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Chen, I. C. "The decline and fall of western Marxism." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.597521.
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This thesis is an attempt to reconstruct the decline and fall of Western Marxism as a theoretical-political discourse. 'Western Marxism' is taken to mean specifically the Marxist theories developed from the aftermath of the First World War onwards outside the Soviet Union and the official Communist Parties. The thesis provides a critical assessment of the successive restatements of Marxism since the 1960s. This study has three closely related aims. First, to examine the contours of Western Marxism through a thematic exposition of its most distinctive preoccupations: historical materialism, class theory, the question of ideology, and the politics of socialism. Second, to assess the success of the stories of revisionist attempts, and clarify how such attempts result in the deconstruction of Marxist theory. Third, to explore the ways in which Marxist theory has proved to be unreconstructable. The thesis takes the following form. The first chapter recounts the crisis-ridden development of historical materialism towards its dissolution. The second chapter examines the decline of Marxist class theory. The third chapter focuses on the question of ideology, and considers how the 'class and ideology' doctrine has proved to be exhausted. The last chapter deals with the demise of Marxist socialism in relation to the difficulties of Marxist political theory and its anti-market ideal. The legacy of Western Marxism has been the object of successive intellectual debates since the late 1970s. Yet arguably none of the previous contributions evaluate the decline of Western Marxism systematically. The thesis aims to fill this conspicuous absence and to clarify the issues raised by current debates on the legacy of Western Marxism.
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Nimni, Ephraim Joseph. "Marxism and nationalism : the misleading European heritage." Thesis, University of Hull, 1987. http://hydra.hull.ac.uk/resources/hull:4477.
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The aim of the present study on the classical Marxist European Heritage on the national question is to establish the causes for the recurrent intellectual and political inability of this tradition to conceptualise and explain the nature of the national phenomenon. The main hypothesis of this thesis is that there is a recurrent thematic unity between the different European schools of Marxism, despite the considerable intellectual and political differences between the different European Marxist traditions. This thematic unity is called the Marxist parameters of analysis of the national phenomenon, and it consists of the theory of the universal evolution of the forces of production, the theory of Economic reductionism, and the Eurocentric bias in the discussion of the universal process of change. The works on the national question of Marx and Engels, Luxemburg, Kautsky, Bernstein, Lenin, Stalin, Gramsci and Bauer are evaluated in this work to show how this thematic unity operates in the various competing Marxist approaches. The theories of Antonio Gramsci and Otto Bauer were found to be more sensitive to the multifarious nature of the national phenomenon because they are less bound to the above-mentioned parameters of analysis.
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Layfield, David Samuel. "Ecological Marxism : a defence and re-statement." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2005. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.430630.
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Jeffrey, H. B. "Marxism and co-operativism : The Guyanese proposal." Thesis, Bucks New University, 1986. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.378407.
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Bottrill, Graham. "British socialist literature : from Chartism to Marxism." Thesis, Cardiff University, 2006. http://orca.cf.ac.uk/55629/.
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This thesis is a selected narrative sequence, focusing upon social/political narratives published between 1870 and 1888 in order to connect the literature of Chartism, published in the 1840s and 1850s, with the naturalistic political novels of Margaret Harkness published between 1888 and 1921. The thesis was initially conceived during graduate study undertaken at the University of California in 1981-3. The foundations were fully laid by research undertaken independently during 1989 and 1990, while teaching in New York. Here, the truly inspiring facilities of the New York Public Library made it all real. The complications of returning to England in 1991 and the pressures of earning a living in a non-academic environment resulted in the study being left for many years, though not forgotten. I owe the completion of the thesis to its reception by the School of English, Communication and Philosophy at Cardiff University in 2003, and to the rigorous and detailed support from my adviser, Professor Stephen Knight. I would also like to extend my thanks to the facilities of the School of English, Communication and Philosophy for supplying me with prints of rare microfilmed documents, available only from the British Library. Working on such a thesis as a part-time student in addition to full-time and largely unrelated work eats significantly into personal time. I therefore thank my partner, Ruth Hecht, for her support and positive encouragement throughout its composition. Finally, I would like to remember my family, the Bottrills, who lived for many generations between Coventry and Leicester, the men as farm labourers or coal miners in rural pits, the women in domestic service. They lived and worked throughout the period covered by this thesis, and to them ultimately it is dedicated.
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Higgins, John Anthony. "Raymond Williams : literature, Marxism and cultural materialism." Doctoral thesis, University of Cape Town, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/23241.
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The guiding principle of this study is that Williams's engagement with English studies cannot be understood in terms purely internal to the discipline of English. As well as writing against the official culture of liberal and conservative literary studies, Williams also wrote in opposition to what he read as the orthodoxies of Marxist thinking on literature, culture and politics. Arguing first against Marxist literary criticism as he knew it from the 1930s, he maintained an ever sceptical and ever critical stance towards the later trends of Althusserian and poststructuralist theory, while at the same time continuing his always defining commitment to socialist politics. While the terms of this larger argument are necessarily present throughout, Chapter Five focuses on them more narrowly, and traces their development in Williams' thinking from the late 1950s through to the development of the concept of cultural materialism in Marxism and Literature in 1977.
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Zhou, Wei. "Marxism and human rights : a theoretical perspective /." Thesis, Click to view the Table of Contents. Click to view the Abstracts, 1998. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk:8888/cgi-bin/hkuto%5Ftoc%5Fpdf?B20353650.
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Pinto, Júnior Luiz Alexandre Barbosa [UNESP]. "A dinâmica das classes sociais no pensamento de Florestan Fernandes." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/137836.
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O objeto central desta pesquisa é o pensamento de Florestan Fernandes, especificamente a análise do uso que o autor faz do conceito de classes sociais na sua produção teórica acerca do capitalismo dependente no Brasil. Como o recorte temporal da obra não nos permitiria um tratamento adequado do objeto em questão, optamos por extrair de seus principais textos as referências acerca da construção do conceito. A partir disso, conseguimos consolidar a hipótese de que o conceito de classes sociais no pensamento de Florestan Fernandes é determinado por uma base teórica centrada simultaneamente nas teorias sociais de Max Weber e Karl Marx, ao longo de toda a sua obra. Defenderemos que a inflexão ocorrida no seu ideário teórico posteriormente à década de 1970, apesar de tornar predominantes os referenciais marxistas, ainda assim estabelece linhas de continuidade ecléticas com a produção anterior, o que se reflete no tratamento dado pelo autor ao conceito de classes sociais e nas suas análises acerca da luta de classes no Brasil.
The main object of this research is the thought of Florestan Fernandes, specifically the analysis of what was the use of the concept of social classes defined by the author along his theoretical production about dependent capitalism in Brazil. As the time frame of the work would not allow us a proper treatment of the object in question, we chose to extract from his main production the references concerning his theoretical construction of the concept. From this, we were able to consolidate the hypothesis that the social concept of social classes within Florestan Fernandes' thought is determined by a theoretical base centered simultaneously in the social theories of Max Weber and Karl Marx, throughout his entire work. We will argue that the inflection occurred in his theoretical ideas after the 1970s, even though makes the marxist referencial become predominant, still stablishes eclectic lines of continuity with his previous production, which is reflected in the treatment given by the author to the concept of social classes and his analysis about the class struggle in Brazil.
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Nunes, Débora Machado. "O pensamento feminista na economia : revisão teórica e crítica a partir de uma perspectiva marxista." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/158156.
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Este trabalho realiza uma revisão teórica e crítica dos debates marxistas relacionados à questão da mulher dentro de um escopo econômico, buscando identificar sua inserção acadêmica atual e sua possível capacidade de interpretação da posição econômica das mulheres. O trabalho apresenta um levantamento bibliográfico, apresentando as principais premissas e conceitos utilizados por essa vertente de pensamento e suas correntes internas, e um estudo de caso da Rússia Soviética desde o triunfo da revolução bolchevique até a década de 40 (período da chamada “contrarrevolução feminista”), a fim de verificar como alguns desses preceitos foram aplicados e como as experiências de socialismo real contribuíram para o desenvolvimento da teoria tanto internamente, quanto em relação ao seu prestígio perante as demais escolas de pensamento feministas. Conclui-se que houve um período de fértil debate no marxismo feminista nas décadas de 60 e 70, mas que seu desenvolvimento posterior rumou ou para a fusão entre a teoria marxista e outras correntes de pensamento, afastando-se da economia, ou para o debate interno relacionado à inclusão de um recorte de gênero aos conceitos marxianos. Atualmente, o feminismo marxista parece voltar sua atenção para o resgate à obra original de Marx, em uma tentativa de propôr uma nova teoria feminista anticapitalista metodologicamente ortodoxa.This paper presents a theoretical and critical review of Marxist debates related to the woman’s question inside the economic scope, seeking to identify it's current academic status and it's capacity to interpret the economic situation of women. A literature review is exhibited in order to present the main assumptions and concepts used by this school of thought and its internal divisions, and a case study of the Soviet Russia since the triumph of the Bolshevik revolution until the 40s (the period of the "feminist counterrevolution") is presented in order to see how some of these principles were applied and how socialism experiences contributed to the development of the theory and to its prestige towards the other feminist schools of thought. It concludes that there was a period of fruitful discussion of feminist Marxism in the 60s and 70s, but it's further development headed or to the merge between Marxist theory and other currents of thought, moving away from the economic scope, or for the debate related to the inclusion of a gender approach to Marxian concepts. Currently, Marxist feminism seems to turn it's attention to the rescue of Marx's original work, in an attempt to propose a new anti capital feminist theory methodologically orthodox.
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Digón, Raül. "G.A. Cohen i el marxisme analític : el llegat del Grup de setembre i les teories de la justícia en els debats de l'esquerra." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/398782.
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Aquesta tesi doctoral reconstrueix i analitza els trets fonamentals de la trajectòria filosòfica de Gerald Cohen, així com les premisses metodològiques i el gruix dels debats principals del Marxisme Analític, el corrent de pensament que ell esperonà. Mitjançant l’anàlisi sistemàtica de l’obra de Cohen, la tesi prova la hipòtesi que el valor d’igualtat subjau a tot l’itinerari intel·lectual d’aquest professor d’Oxford. Alhora, s’hi constata que la seva perspectiva de fons és socialista, i que les successives etapes del seu pensament mostren el compromís, latent o explícit, de fonamentar normativament un socialisme ètic. Així, la seva anàlisi del materialisme històric, la crítica del llibertarisme, o la reflexió sobre l’igualitarisme de la sort i la teoria de la justícia com a equitat figuren entrellaçades per aquesta motivació de fons, tot i l’especificitat temàtica dels diàlegs de Cohen amb Marx, Nozick, Dworkin o Rawls. La tesi examina i sistematitza igualment discussions teòriques destacades dels membres del Grup de setembre, nucli del Marxisme Analític que, a més de Cohen, aplega acadèmics com Roemer, Elster, Przeworski, Van Parijs o Wright. Per tant, la polèmica sobre l'ús de les explicacions funcionals i la teoria de jocs en les ciències socials, l'anàlisi de l'explotació i les classes, la justícia distributiva o les propostes de socialisme de mercat i renda bàsica són objecte d'estudi. L'enfocament que se'n fa cerca escatir què resta vigent en el llegat d'aquesta escola per als debats teòrics i programàtics de l'esquerra. Particularment, pel que fa als dissenys institucionals alternatius al capitalisme existent, la justificació normativa de les alternatives, i les estratègies i els actors del canvi social.Esta tesis doctoral reconstruye y analiza los rasgos fundamentales de la trayectoria filosófica de Gerald Cohen, así como las premisas metodológicas y el grueso de los principales debates del Marxismo Analítico, la corriente de pensamiento que él impulsó. Mediante el análisis sistemático de la obra de Cohen, la tesis prueba la hipótesis que el valor de igualdad subyace a todo el itinerario intelectual de este profesor de Oxford. A la vez, se constata que su perspectiva de fondo es socialista, y que las sucesivas etapas de su pensamiento muestran el compromiso, latente o explícito, de fundamentar normativamente un socialismo ético. Así, su análisis del materialismo histórico, la crítica del libertarismo o la reflexión sobre el igualitarismo de la suerte y la teoría de la justicia como equidad figuran enlazados por esa motivación de fondo, sin perjuicio de la especificidad temática de los diálogos de Cohen con Marx, Nozick, Dworkin o Rawls. Asimismo, la tesis examina y sistematiza discusiones teóricas destacadas de los miembros del Grupo de Septiembre, núcleo del Marxismo Analítico que, junto a Cohen, reúne a académicos como Roemer, Elster, Przeworski, Van Parijs o Wright. Por tanto, la polémica sobre el uso de las explicaciones funcionales y la teoría de juegos en las ciencias sociales, el análisis de la explotación y las clases, la justicia distributiva o las propuestas de socialismo de mercado y renta básica son objeto de estudio. El enfoque busca dilucidar la vigencia del legado de esta escuela para los debates teóricos y programáticos de la izquierda. En particular, con respecto a los diseños institucionales alternativos al capitalismo existente, la justificación normativa de las alternativas, y las estrategias y los actores del cambio social.
This PhD thesis reconstructs and analyzes the main features of Gerald Cohen's philosophical path, as well as the methodological premises and many of the most important debates of Analytical Marxism, the current of thought that he fostered. Through systematic analysis of Cohen's work, the thesis tests the hypothesis that the value of equality underlies the whole intellectual itinerary of this Oxford professor. At the same time, it is verified that his background perspective is socialist, so the successive stages of his thought express a latent or explicit commitment to support an ethical socialism, which is understood as a normative conception. Thus, this background motivation is equally shared by his analysis of historical materialism, criticism of libertarianism or reflection on luck egalitarianism and the theory of justice as fairness, notwithstanding the specific topics of Cohen's work on Marx, Nozick, Dworkin and Rawls. Furthermore, the thesis examines and systematizes September Group's important theoretical discussions, which is the core of Analytical Marxism, bringing together, along with Cohen, academics such as Roemer, Elster, Przeworski, Van Parijs and Wright. Consequently, controversies about using functional explanation and game theory in social sciences, as well as the analysis of exploitation and classes, distributive justice and proposals on market socialism and basic income are issues to analyze. Our approach seeks to asses the legacy of this school of thought in the framework of current theoretical and programmatic debates of the left. Particularly, regarding institutional design alternatives to existing capitalism, normative justification of these alternatives, and the strategies and actors for social change.
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Nordenbro, Malena. "Vägen till kvinnans hjärta-via radikalfeminism eller marxism?" Thesis, Halmstad University, School of Humanities (HUM), 2006. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hh:diva-547.
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Denna studie behandlar konflikten mellan radikalfeminism och marxism i Sverige på 1970-talet. Syftet är att visa hur denna ideologiska konflikt yttrade sig i praktiken när de båda kvinnoorganisationerna Grupp 8 och Arbetets Kvinnor debatterade om sexualitet, abort samt moderskap och barnuppfostran. Materialet som använts i studien är dessa båda organisationers egna tidskrifter. Studien visar hur Grupp 8: s och Arbetets Kvinnors skilda åsikter gällande de ovan nämnda frågorna var beroende av deras ideologiska tillhörighet.
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Cortright, Lawrence A. "Western marxism : uncovering the deficiency of economic determinism." Honors in the Major Thesis, University of Central Florida, 2008. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETH/id/1071.
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This item is only available in print in the UCF Libraries. If this is your Honors Thesis, you can help us make it available online for use by researchers around the world by following the instructions on the distribution consent form at http://library.ucf.edu/Systems/DigitalInitiatives/DigitalCollections/InternetDistributionConsentAgreementForm.pdf You may also contact the project coordinator, Kerri Bottorff, at kerri.bottorff@ucf.edu for more information.Bachelors
Sciences
Political Science
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Gerke, Daniel R. "Raymond Williams and European Marxism : Lukacs, Sartre, Gramsci." Thesis, Swansea University, 2018. https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa46244.
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The Western Marxist tradition from Lukacs to Colletti is usually considered a continentalEuropean one, with no major British representative. This thesis presents the Welsh culturalcritic and novelist Raymond Williams (1921-1988) as a critical Anglophone participant inthat tradition. The development of Williams's cultural materialism, far from being theproduct of a rigid 'British' empiricism, was centrally influenced by the ideas of WesternMarxist thinkers. At the core of this influence, and of the 'European' rationalist element inWilliams's work, is the concept of 'totality', an abiding concern with which Williams shareswith the Western Marxists. The three European Marxists to whom Williams's intellectualdevelopment is most indebted are those whom he described, in 1972, as 'Marxism'salternative tradition': Georg Lukacs (1885-1971), Jean-Paul Sartre (1905-1980) and AntonioGramsci (1891-1937). The work of these thinkers, as it slowly appears in English, confirmsWilliams's insistence on 'total' analysis and permits him to generate a Marxism capable ofreconciling subjective experience with the complex materiality of social relations. I read thetheoretical apparatus which results from these transnational interactions as a literary and aphilosophical realism committed both to the aesthetic representation of the social totality andto the interaction of experience with objective reality. The form of political praxis engenderedby these European influences is a 'revolutionary culturalism' in which the working-classattains hegemony by realising its experience and interests in a concrete culture.
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Jiang, Tianchan. "A comparative study of Marxism and critical realism." Thesis, King's College London (University of London), 2014. https://kclpure.kcl.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/a-comparative-study-of-marxism-and-critical-realism(981a7edc-20e5-4504-9d8e-7a99a178b4c3).html.
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In my thesis I attempt to compare Marxism with critical realism. My conclusion is that critical realism is incapable of supporting Marxism. My understanding of Marxism is based on Capital. In Capital, the method of social exploration employed by Marx is historically contextual. Capitalism provides Marx with the condition to construct his method, so that the explanation of capitalistic production is realised. In Marx‘s explanation, the calculation of surplus value is important. This presupposes the equation of the amounts of value possessed produced commodities. Conversely, the critical realist method is trans-historical, because it relies on a questionable ontology. Further, critical realist ontology founding these methodological principles is problematic. The transcendental arguments on this ontology relies, as exemplified by Roy Bhaskar and Tony Lawson, are weak. On the basis of their social ontology, critical realists propose a methodology of social sciences is proposed. Thanks to it, critical realism criticises mainstream economics and supports heterodox economics, including Marxism. This argument, however, is problematic. For one thing, mainstream economics is condemned for mathematic formalism. This critique presupposes a distinction between open systems and closed systems. Because critical realism is ambiguous about the definition of open systems and closed systems, its critique of mainstream economics is questionable. In addition, a critical realist methodology is compatible with utilising mathematics to study open systems. Therefore, it is also compatible with mainstream economics. Finally, in terms of critical realism, Marx‘s account of capitalism is read as an application of a trans-historical method strategy. This contradicts my idea that the method adopted by Marx presupposes a social-historical context: capitalism. Second, being interpreted in terms of critical realism, the explanatory power of Marx‘s theory is reduced, in that the calculation of surplus value in his theory is excluded.
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McCann, G. K. "The keys to dreamland : Marxism, aesthetics and film." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1986. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.236971.
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Olsaretti, Alessandro. "Philosophy and science in Gramsci's reconstruction of Marxism." Thesis, McGill University, 2013. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=119376.
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This thesis investigates the role that philosophy and science play in Gramsci's Prison Notebooks. While there is growing recognition of the importance of philosophy in Gramsci's prison work, the importance of science and its relationship to philosophy often go unremarked. Yet both fields were important to Gramsci's prison project. The bulk of the thesis consists in a detailed philological study of the unabridged Italian edition of the Prison Notebooks by Valentino Gerratana which brings out the importance of both philosophy and science to Gramsci's work, as well as their inter-relationship. In fact a crucial part of Gramsci' work while in prison, the part belonging to a second and most productive phase of the prison work according to current scholarship on Gramsci, consists in an effort to reconstruct Marxism as a philosophy of praxis within which a special place was reserved for science. Gramsci in fact dealt extensively with both natural science in its relationship to philosophy and, even more importantly, with social sciences like economics and political science. This was in keeping with the insight that Marxism was born out of the encounter between philosophy, economics and politics, which constituted the three keystones of Marx's new theory for Gramsci. The first part of this thesis analyzes Gramsci's reconstruction of Marxism as a philosophy of praxis, examining how the foundational concepts of praxis and human nature were interpreted by Gramsci in such a way as to lay the foundations for his theory of science. It then considers this theory of science in detail, examining first the place that Gramsci's reflection on natural science played within his reconstruction of Marxism, then considering how he laid the foundations for economics and political science within Marxism. Two novel concerns emerge in this discussion: the centrality of social science to Gramsci's reconstruction of Marxism and the importance that the individual played in both his philosophy and in this social science, particularly in economics.Cette thèse explore le rôle de la philosophie et de la science dans les Carnets de prison de Gramsci. Alors que l'importance de la philosophie dans les écrits de prison de Gramsci continue de gagner en reconnaissance, l'importance de la science et de son rapport avec la philosophie est souvent négligée. Ces deux champs de recherche sont toutefois aussi important l'un que l'autre dans le projet réalisé par Gramsci lors de ses années passées en prison. La plus grande partie de cette thèse consiste en une analyse philologique détaillée de la version italienne complète des Carnets de prison établie par Valentino Gerratana. Elle met en évidence la double importance de la philosophie et de la science dans les écrits de Gramsci et le rapport qui les unit. Effectivement, une part essentielle de l'oeuvre de prison de Gramsci, identifiée par la recherche portant sur Gramsci comme un second volet distinct et plus productif de ses écrits de prison, se présente comme un effort de reconstruction du marxisme comme philosophie de la praxis au sein de laquelle une place particulière est réservée à la science. En fait, Gramsci s'est largement intéressé aux sciences naturelles dans leur rapport avec la philosophie et, de manière plus importante encore, avec des sciences sociales comme l'économie et la science politique, et ce en cohérence avec l'idée que le marxisme est né de la rencontre de la philosophie, de l'économie et de la politique, les trois piliers de la nouvelle théorie de Marx chez Gramsci. Dans un premier temps, cette thèse analyse la reconstruction du marxisme comme philosophie de la praxis par Gramsci en examinant comment les concepts fondamentaux de praxis et de nature humaine sont interprétés par Gramsci de manière à jeter les bases de sa théorie de la science. La thèse s'intéresse ensuite à cette théorie de la science en détails, examinant d'abord la place des réflexions de Gramsci sur les sciences naturelles au sein de sa reconstruction du marxisme, puis en considérant la manière dont il établit les fondements de l'économie et de la science politique au sein du marxisme. Deux préoccupations nouvelles émergent de cette discussion : la centralité des sciences sociales dans la reconstruction du marxisme par Gramsci et l'importance de l'individu dans sa philosophie et dans ces sciences sociales, particulièrement en économie.
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Vasconcelos, Jonnas Esmeraldo Marques de. "Direito: da forma jurídica à hegemonia." Universidade de São Paulo, 2014. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/2/2140/tde-30082017-141902/.
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A presente dissertação tem por objetivo articular as contribuições de dois marxistas à ciência jurídica, são eles: Eugeny Pasukanis e Antonio Gramsci. Trata-se de esforço para delimitar pontos de diálogo entre ambos, os quais refletiram, cada um à sua maneira, sobre o direito. Apesar de contemporâneos, esses dois pensadores não mantiveram contato entre suas posições teóricas. O diálogo entre as suas reflexões, tendo como fio condutor a abordagem sobre o direito, é o desafio enfrentado nessa pesquisa. Por um lado, com o conceito de forma jurídica, a teoria de Pasukanis busca explicar a especificidade do direito que se desenvolve intimamente conectado às relações de produção e troca do capitalismo. Por outro lado, ao investigar as particularidades que conformam as relações políticas no capitalismo, a abordagem de Gramsci sobre a hegemonia estabelece quadro analítico para o estudo da dinâmica do direito. Da aproximação entre essas análises, apostamos na construção de campo conceitual fértil ao estudo jurídico, capaz de iluminar as questões sobre os limites, as possibilidades de desenvolvimento e os sentidos do direito na sociedade capitalista.This research aims to analyse the contributions of two marxist authors to the study of Legal Science: Eugeny Pasukanis and Antonio Gramsci. It seeks to delimitate the points of contact, deviation and complementation between these two authors, who came to think about Law in their own different ways. Although contemporaries, Pasukanis and Gramsci did not maintain any contact regarding their theoretical positions. Thus, the attempt to stablish a dialogue between their thoughts, using Law as a common thread, presents itself as the main challenge facing this research. On the one hand, through the concept of juridical form, Pasukanis theory seeks to explain the specificity of Law that arises from its intimate historical connections to capitalisms production and trade relations. On the other hand, by investigating the specificities that shape political relations under capitalism, Gramscis approach to hegemony stablishes an interesting analytical framework for studying the dynamics of Law. By approximating these two concepts of juridical form and hegemony, a rich conceptual field is constructed, enabling a critical analysis that could shed light into some compelling questions in relation to the limits, development possibilities and meanings of Law in a capitalist society.
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Melo, Tarso Menezes de. "Ambiguidade e resistência: direito, política e ideologia na neoliberalização constitucional." Universidade de São Paulo, 2011. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/2/2139/tde-10052011-092250/.
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O presente trabalho tem por objetivo demonstrar como o direito, ao passo em que exerce função essencial como instrumento de dominação entre classes sociais, apresenta-se também como importante instrumento de resistência política da classe trabalhadora. Tal importância ultrapassa a simples efetividade das normas no campo jurídico e ganha especial relevância na forma como se traduzem juridicamente as lutas de classes, o que faz com que as reivindicações políticas transformadas em direitos, por mais que em grande medida se neutralizem de acordo com os interesses hegemônicos, permaneçam no horizonte político da sociedade, alimentando a tensão por transformação social. Para tanto, este trabalho percorre um itinerário teórico dividido em três movimentos. Inicialmente, estuda a forma como se constitui e complexifica a noção de ideologia nas obras de Karl Marx, desde as obras iniciais até sua reflexão mais madura. O segundo movimento é dedicado a localizar o papel exercido pelo direito no conjunto da ideologia social e indaga as possibilidades de uma teoria da ideologia jurídica. Em seu terceiro e último movimento, a fim de demonstrar concretamente a problemática da tese, dedica-se à investigação da relação entre ambiguidade e resistência no caso dos direitos sociais, em especial os direitos dos trabalhadores previstos na Constituição brasileira de 1988, cuja vigência se dá sob forte pressão neoliberal. Neste passo, aproveita-se fartamente do diálogo com a sociologia crítica do trabalho contemporânea, no intuito de verificar como as lutas concretas dos trabalhadores transitam entre o direito, a política e a ideologia.The present work intends to show how law plays not only an essential function as an instrument of domination between social classes, but it is also an important element of working class political resistance. This importance exceeds the rules established in the juridical field and reaches special relevance in the way that it translates class struggles, what makes political claims turned into rights, in spite of the fact that its large measure could be neutralized according to hegemonic interests, remaining on the societys political surface, feeding the social transformation tension. This work follows a theoretical line divided in three movements. Firstly, it studies the way that ideological notion in Karl Marxs work is established and complexified, since the beginning of his works until the most mature ideas developed by him. The second movement intends to find the role played by law in the social ideological field questioning the possibilities of a juridical ideologys theory. The third and last movement, is developed with the main intention to show effectively what this thesis is all about, it also proposes an investigation on the relations between ambiguity and resistance in social rights case, mainly based on workers rights provided in 1988s Brazilian Constitution under the neoliberal pressure. In this sense the discourse of the contemporary critical sociology of work is widely used, aiming to verify how real working class fights flows through the law, politics and ideology.
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Bertoncello, Thiago Colombo. "Wilhelm Reich: marxismo, psicanálise e justiça." Universidade Presbiteriana Mackenzie, 2012. http://tede.mackenzie.br/jspui/handle/tede/1047.
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Previous issue date: 2012-02-08Fundo Mackenzie de Pesquisa
This research is dedicated to withdraw the proceeds of the legal work developed by psychiatrist Wilhelm Reich. In this way, we start from a study between Marxism and psychoanalysis to explain how reichian psychoanalysis was used for a better understanding of our society. From the Reich´s social understanding, we did an analysis of his legal formulations, showing its limitations and the elements which can be used for a better understanding of law.
Esta pesquisa dedica-se a retirar os proveitos jurídicos do trabalho desenvolvido pelo psiquiatra Wilhelm Reich. Neste percurso, partimos de um estudo situado no campo do marxismo e da psicanálise para, posteriormente, explicar como a psicanálise reichiana foi utilizada para uma compreensão crítica de nossa sociedade. A partir das análises sociais de Reich, partimos para uma análise das suas formulações jurídicas, evidenciando suas limitações e os elementos que podem ser utilizados para uma melhor compreensão do direito.
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Ashman, S. J. "Globalisation as uneven development : Marxism and the world market." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2006. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.511394.
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Alexander, J. "Socialism on two fronts : Shaw against Marxism and liberalism." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.595435.
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Socialism on Two Fronts is a study of one of the most original and yet least regarded political writers of the last century and a half. Bernard Shaw was not a politician, not a philosopher, and not obviously someone with original policy ideas. Both notwithstanding the fact he was a dramatist and critic - and, as one of his contemporaries said, the most brilliant and futile of the brilliant and futile group of people in the Fabian Society - he committed himself to the politics of Socialism. Socialism on Two Fronts deals with the political arguments used by Shaw in order to build, with the other members of the Fabian Society, an account of the theory and practice of Socialism which would distinguish it from what he considered the errors of both Marxists and Liberals. Socialism on Two Fronts has four Parts. Part 1 deals with the economic arguments by which Shaw justified Socialism from the assumptions of orthodox political economy that were usually used to justify individualism, and, in doing so, rejected Marx's economic theories. Part II deals with the political practice of Fabian Society, and its ambivalence towards the Liberal party in the early 1890s. Part III deals with the political arguments by which Shaw defended the necessity for Socialism to embrace politics against the Marxist orthodoxy which dominated the Second International in the 1890s and which distrusted politics. Part IV deals with the attempt Shaw made to harness Imperialist sentiment after 1990 in order to prevent Socialism falling back into Liberalism. The argument is, simply, that Shaw thought, unlike the Marxists, that politics ought to be embraced, but also thought, unlike the Liberals, that although Socialism was a gradual revolution it was nonetheless a total revolution, and not merely a useful way of patching up the Capitalist order. Shaw's Socialism therefore maintained a tension between politics and revolution which is studied with particular regard to the arguments he had with Marxists over the rejection of theory, historical materialism and the class struggle and the arguments he had with Liberals over the rejection of individualism and free trade. His disagreements with both of these great political camps explains why his serious thought has been left aside by scholars more interested in his eccentricities, his somewhat odd religious ideas, and his plays.
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Del, Duca Alexander M. "Between Marxism and Postmodernism: Slavoj Zizek Doing the Impossible." Thèse, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/24079.
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This work seeks to address the major texts of Slavoj Zizek using a reading methodology which treats political philosophy as a practice, rather than a series of logical propositions or claims of truth or falsity. Philosophy is herein understood as a field of relations among authors who occupy precise theoretical and political coordinates. Writing produces and reproduces an author's position within this field via the way in which an author communicates with his/her peers, draws on past concepts, and designs new ones. This paper argues that Zizek cannot usefully be grasped as a theorist attempting to provide positive political solutions or analyses, but rather as a 'negative' force who occupies an impossible position by attempting to negate his peers and popular contemporary theoretical concepts - Zizek wishes to create a new intellectual space where political possibilities can be rethought and rediscovered, and he does this in his texts by ephemerally occupying multiple positions only to displace them.
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Leitch, Richard. "Stuart Hall and the project of Marxism without guarantees." Thesis, Northumbria University, 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.410388.
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Agar, Joly. "The philosophy of critical realism and Marxism : an introduction." Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.269164.
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Roberts, Marcus Eldon. "The origins and development of analytical Marxism since 1978." Thesis, University of Brighton, 1994. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.240408.
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Westerman, Richard Andrew. "The concept of the conscious self in Western Marxism." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2006. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.614115.
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