Relevant bibliographies by topics / Mars probs

Academic literature on the topic 'Mars probs'

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Published: 27 July 2024
Last updated: 28 July 2024

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Journal articles on the topic "Mars probs"

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Guinnessy, Paul. "Mars probe dead." Physics Today 60, no. 1 (January 1, 2007): 34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.2709555.

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Pezzotti, Giuseppe. "Advanced Evaluation Methods of Residual Stress in Bioceramics Wear Surfaces." Advances in Science and Technology 64 (October 2010): 43–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ast.64.43.

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Photo- and electro-stimulated probes have been employed for quantitatively evaluating highly graded residual stress fields generated at the surface of alumina hip joints. Optical calibrations revealed large differences in probe size, which strongly affected the detected magnitude of residual stress. A comparison between the responses of Raman and fluorescence probes in polycrystalline alumina showed that the depth of those probes spread to an extent in the order of the tens of microns even with using a confocal probe configuration. On the other hand, the electro-stimulated luminescence emitted by oxygen vacancy sites (F+ center) in the alumina lattice represented a suitable choice for confining to a shallow volume the stress probe. The electron probe enabled confining the measurement depth to the order of the tens of nanometers. Maps of surface residual stress were collected on both main-wear and non-wear zones of an alumina femoral head. A comparison among stress maps taken at exactly the same location, but employing different probes, clarified the averaging probe effects on surface stress magnitude.
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Ma, Pengbin, Jie Yang, Hengnian Li, Zhibin Zhang, and Hexi Baoyin. "Autonomous navigation for Mars probes using only satellite-to-satellite tracking measurements by singularity-avoiding orbit elements." Journal of Navigation 75, no. 2 (February 11, 2022): 476–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0373463322000029.

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AbstractThis paper proposes a novel autonomous navigation method for Mars-orbiting probes. Satellite-to-satellite tracking (SST) between two probes is generally deemed to involve autonomous measurements with no dependence on any external observation sites on the Earth. For the conventional two-body dynamic model, it is well known that the orbit states cannot be estimated by merely using such SST measurements. Considering the effects of third-body gravitation perturbation and the weak Mars tesseral harmonics perturbation, autonomous navigation with SST measurements alone becomes weakly observable and may be achieved by some nonlinear filtering techniques. Two significant improvements are made to mitigate the nonlinearity brought by the dynamic models. First, singularity-avoiding orbit elements are selected to represent the dynamic models in order to reduce the intensity of the nonlinearity which cannot be overcome by the traditional position–velocity state expression. Second, the unscented Kalman filter method is effectively utilised to avoid the linearised errors calculated by its extended Kalman filter counterpart which may exceed the tesseral harmonics perturbation. A constellation, consisting of one low-orbit probe and one high-orbit probe, is designed to realise the autonomous orbit determination of both participating Mars probes. A reliable navigation solution is successfully obtained by Monte Carlo simulation runs. It shows that the errors of the semimajor axes of the two Mars probes are less than 10 m and the position errors are less than 1 km.
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Ma, Pengbin, Tianshu Wang, Fanghua Jiang, Junshan Mu, and Hexi Baoyin. "Autonomous Navigation of Mars Probes by Single X-ray Pulsar Measurement and Optical Data of Viewing Martian Moons." Journal of Navigation 70, no. 1 (July 4, 2016): 18–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0373463316000357.

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In order to achieve high accuracy of autonomous navigation for Mars probes, an integrated navigation method using X-ray pulsar measurement and optical data of viewing Martian moons is proposed. For single X-ray pulsar measurement on board a Mars probe, navigation accuracy is low due to its poor observability. On the other hand, Phobos and Deimos, two natural moons of Mars, are important optical navigation information sources available for Mars missions. However, the Martian moons ephemeris bias and the differences between barycentre and centre of brightness of Martian moons will result in low navigation accuracy. The method of integrated navigation using X-ray pulsar measurement and optical data of viewing Martian moons can overcome the defect and achieve accurate navigation. Two sequential orbit determination algorithms, Extended Kalman Filter (EKF) and Unscented Kalman Filter (UKF), are compared. The simulation results show this method can obtain high autonomous navigation accuracy during the phase of a probe orbiting Mars.
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Ma, Pengbin, Fanghua Jiang, and Hexi Baoyin. "Autonomous Navigation of Mars Probes by Combining Optical Data of Viewing Martian Moons and SST Data." Journal of Navigation 68, no. 6 (April 13, 2015): 1019–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0373463315000272.

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Autonomous navigation has become a key technology for deep space exploration missions. Phobos and Deimos, the two natural moons of Mars, are important optical navigation information sources available for Mars missions. However, during the phase of the probe orbiting close to Mars, the ephemeris bias and the difference between the barycentre and the centre of brightness of a Martian moon will result in low navigation accuracy. On the other hand, Satellite-to-Satellite Tracking (SST) can achieve convenient and high accuracy observation for autonomous navigation. However, this cannot apply for a Mars mission during the Mars orbit phase only by SST data because of a rank defect problem of the Jacobian matrix. To improve the autonomous navigation accuracy of Mars probes, this paper presents a new autonomous navigation method that combines SST radio data provided by two probes and optical measurement by viewing the natural Martian moons. Two sequential orbit determination algorithms, an Extended Kalman Filter (EKF) and Unscented Kalman Filter (UKF) are compared. Simulation results show this method can obtain high autonomous navigation accuracy during the probe's Mars Orbit phase.
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Ning, Xiaolin, Zhuo Li, Yuqing Yang, Jiancheng Fang, and Gang Liu. "Analysis of Ephemeris Errors in Autonomous Celestial Navigation during Mars Approach Phase." Journal of Navigation 70, no. 3 (November 21, 2016): 505–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0373463316000734.

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A Celestial Navigation System (CNS) is a feasible and economical autonomous navigation system for deep-space probes. Ephemeris errors have a great influence on the performance of CNSs during the Mars approach phase, but there are few research studies on this problem. In this paper, the analysis shows that the ephemeris error of Mars is slowly-varying, while the ephemeris error of Phobos and Deimos is periodical. The influence of the ephemeris errors of Mars and its satellites is analysed in relation to both the Sun-centred frame and the Mars-centred frame. The simulations show that the position error of a probe relative to the Sun caused by the Mars ephemeris error is almost equal to the ephemeris error itself, that the velocity error is affected slightly, and that the position and velocity relative to Mars are hardly affected. The navigation result of a Mars probe is also greatly affected by the quantities and periodicities of the ephemeris errors of Phobos and Deimos, especially that of Deimos.
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WILSON, ELIZABETH. "Deep-digging Mars probes launched." Chemical & Engineering News 77, no. 2 (January 11, 1999): 7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/cen-v077n002.p007a.

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Lorenzini, E. C., M. D. Grossi, and M. Cosmo. "Low altitude tethered mars probe." Acta Astronautica 21, no. 1 (January 1990): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0094-5765(90)90101-p.

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Saegusa, Asako. "Japan's Mars probe launched successfully." Nature 394, no. 6689 (July 1998): 109. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/27986.

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Bishop, R. P., P. R. Spooner, G. K. Kanhai, J. Kiarie, A. A. Latif, T. Hove, S. Masaka, and T. T. Dolan. "Molecular characterization of Theileria parasites: application to the epidemiology of theileriosis in Zimbabwe." Parasitology 109, no. 5 (December 1994): 573–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0031182000076459.

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Forty Theileria schizont-infected lymphocyte culture isolates from Zimbabwe were characterized using a panel of antischizont monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) and 4 Theileria parva DNA probes containing cloned extrachromosomal element, Tpr repetitive, ribosomal and telomeric sequences. The Theileria isolates were assigned as T. parva or T. taurotragi on the basis of reactivities with MAbs and restriction fragment length polymorphisms (RFLPs) detected using the extra chromosomal element probe. Cattle-derived T. parva isolates were relatively homogeneous on the basis of reactivities with MAbs and RFLPs detected using Tpr repetitive and ribosomal DNA probes. In contrast to previous results from Kenya, most of the cattle-derived isolates from Zimbabwe exhibited very similar Tpr restriction fragment patterns, although the Tpr genotypes of buffalo-derived isolates were heterogeneous. This suggests that selection for a particular Tpr genotype may be occurring in cattle. Many isolates with similar Tpr genotypes were differentiated by RFLPs detected using the telomeric DNA probe. The T. parva Boleni immunizing stock was distinguished from all other isolates by telomeric RFLPs. The T. parva Boleni Tpr repetitive DNA probe cross-hybridized with T. taurotragi DNA and detected RFLPs between different T. taurotragi isolates.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Mars probs"

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McGinnis, Scott James. "Nuclear power systems for human mission to Mars /." Monterey, Calif. : Springfield, Va. : Naval Postgraduate School ; Available from National Technical Information Service, 2004. http://library.nps.navy.mil/uhtbin/hyperion/04Dec%5FMcGinnis.pdf.

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Wood, John Travis Ian. "Almeria-Mars: A web based robotic simulation." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2003. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/33.

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McGinnis, Scott J. "Nuclear power systems for human mission to Mars." Thesis, Monterey California. Naval Postgraduate School, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10945/1214.

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Approved for public release, distribution is unlimited
Nuclear power is the next enabling technology in manned exploration of the solar system. Scientists and engineers continue to design multi-megawatt power systems, yet no power system in the 100 kilowatt, electric, range has been built and flown. Technology demonstrations and studies leave a myriad of systems from which decision makers can choose to build the first manned space nuclear power system. While many subsystem engineers plan in parallel, an accurate specific mass value becomes an important design specification, which is still uncertain. This thesis goes through the design features of the manned Mars mission, its power system requirements, their design attributes as well as their design faults. Specific mass is calculated statistically as well as empirically for 1-15MWe systems. Conclusions are presented on each subsystem as well as recommendations for decision makers on where development needs to begin today in order for the mission to launch in the future.
Lieutenant, United States Navy
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DUCA, RICCARDO. "Use of hyperspectral and multi-angle CHRIS Proba image for land cover maps generation." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Roma "Tor Vergata", 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2108/644.

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In the last decades, many satellite missions have marked the history of the optical remote sensing, providing a wide choice of products for every kind of application and investigation. The Proba-1 program can not be compared in importance and budget to very important missions like Landsat and SPOT, but the innovations introduced in the payload design have attracted the attention of principal investigators and scientists since the beginning. The new spectral configuration of its high resolution sensor CHRIS can represent an innovation for the wide family of the optical instruments. In fact CHRIS is one of the experiments, as well as NASA Hyperion, concerning the developing of the expensive hyperspectral technology for the satellite environment. Moreover, the innovative solutions for the autonomous orbit maintaining and navigation, permit to the spacecraft difficult manoeuvres and multi-angular acquisitions during the target overpass. The result is an extraordinary and unique database of hyperspectral and multi-directional images acquired several times during the years over predefined test sites. This research work proposes a complete treatment of the CHRIS products since the radiometric and geometric correction till the classification processing. Phases like destriping, atmospheric corrections, spectral adjacency compensation and ortho-rectification have been performed and developed. Several classification exercises have been proposed with the aim of evaluating the impact of the principal key factors of the Proba mission (hyperspectral, multi-angular and multi-temporal) to the final classification accuracy. The directional anisotropy of the refiectance, as well as its temporal dependence, has been well explained and investigated trough the use of spectral models and radiative equations, but studies and applications based on real satellite high resolution and multi-directional data over lands and water bodies are few or still ongoing. Said that, this research work has been addressed to asses if these additional information, which reflect additional costs in terms of satellite technology and image processing are justified with significant improvements for the land cover production, as one of the most diffused application in the research environment. Once again the neural networks have confirmed their effectiveness for the classification of optical images at high and very high resolution. The new spectral, multi-angular and multi-temporal inputs have been well managed and used as additive information for the decision task, without impacting the design of the classification scheme. On the whole the results have been satisfactory in most cases.
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Besel, Marc-André [Verfasser], and Thomas [Akademischer Betreuer] Henning. "Supernova Light Echoes as a Probe to Supernova Physics and the Interstellar Medium / Marc-André Besel ; Betreuer: Thomas Henning." Heidelberg : Universitätsbibliothek Heidelberg, 2012. http://d-nb.info/1179785800/34.

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Mark, Andreas [Verfasser], and Georg [Akademischer Betreuer] Papastavrou. "New Techniques for Interface Characterization by Combining Scanning Probe Microscopy with Electrochemistry and Nanofluidics / Andreas Mark ; Betreuer: Georg Papastavrou." Bayreuth : Universität Bayreuth, 2020. http://d-nb.info/1219574198/34.

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Rebholz, Marc Anton Alexander [Verfasser], and Thomas [Akademischer Betreuer] Pfeifer. "All-XUV pump-probe transient absorption spectroscopy on the dissociation dynamics of small molecules / Marc Anton Alexander Rebholz ; Betreuer: Thomas Pfeifer." Heidelberg : Universitätsbibliothek Heidelberg, 2021. http://d-nb.info/1225795745/34.

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Rebholz, Marc [Verfasser], and Thomas [Akademischer Betreuer] Pfeifer. "All-XUV pump-probe transient absorption spectroscopy on the dissociation dynamics of small molecules / Marc Anton Alexander Rebholz ; Betreuer: Thomas Pfeifer." Heidelberg : Universitätsbibliothek Heidelberg, 2021. http://d-nb.info/1225795745/34.

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Veskoukis, Alexandra. "Where have we been, where are we now and where could we go? : Re imagining the accessibility of digital maps." Thesis, Malmö universitet, Institutionen för konst, kultur och kommunikation (K3), 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-43647.

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By investigating digital maps with an inclusive- and research through design approach, this research project aims on answering the research question: how can a digital map convey accessibility information of a route before the journey without the need of special adaptation?The research question involves two issues, how digital maps can convey information about a route and what accessibility information of a route is.With Rätt från början and the Swedish Agency for Accessible Media as stakeholders, a recruitment of participants with different capabilities, preference, characteristics, and needs was completed to explore how the participants use digital maps and perceive accessibility of the physical world by using the methods of interviews and design probes.The design process resulted in prototypes of a digital map that affords exploration without displaying normative standards of accessibility by using a design strategy of presenting the world as it is through audio-haptic and visual communication.
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Lewis, Dean Leon. "Design for pre-bond testability in 3D integrated circuits." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/45756.

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In this dissertation we propose several DFT techniques specific to 3D stacked IC systems. The goal has explicitly been to create techniques that integrate easily with existing IC test systems. Specifically, this means utilizing scan- and wrapper-based techniques, two foundations of the digital IC test industry. First, we describe a general test architecture for 3D ICs. In this architecture, each tier of a 3D design is wrapped in test control logic that both manages tier test pre-bond and integrates the tier into the large test architecture post-bond. We describe a new kind of boundary scan to provide the necessary test control and observation of the partial circuits, and we propose a new design methodology for test hardcore that ensures both pre-bond functionality and post-bond optimality. We present the application of these techniques to the 3D-MAPS test vehicle, which has proven their effectiveness. Second, we extend these DFT techniques to circuit-partitioned designs. We find that boundary scan design is generally sufficient, but that some 3D designs require special DFT treatment. Most importantly, we demonstrate that the functional partitioning inherent in 3D design can potentially decrease the total test cost of verifying a circuit. Third, we present a new CAD algorithm for designing 3D test wrappers. This algorithm co-designs the pre-bond and post-bond wrappers to simultaneously minimize test time and routing cost. On average, our algorithm utilizes over 90% of the wires in both the pre-bond and post-bond wrappers. Finally, we look at the 3D vias themselves to develop a low-cost, high-volume pre-bond test methodology appropriate for production-level test. We describe the shorting probes methodology, wherein large test probes are used to contact multiple small 3D vias. This technique is an all-digital test method that integrates seamlessly into existing test flows. Our experimental results demonstrate two key facts: neither the large capacitance of the probe tips nor the process variation in the 3D vias and the probe tips significantly hinders the testability of the circuits. Taken together, this body of work defines a complete test methodology for testing 3D ICs pre-bond, eliminating one of the key hurdles to the commercialization of 3D technology.
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Books on the topic "Mars probs"

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Wash.) International Workshop on Mars Polar Energy Balance and the CO₂ Cycle (3rd 2009 Seattle. Third International Workshop on Mars Polar Energy Balance and the CO₂ Cycle: July 21-24, 2009 Seattle, Washington. Houston, Tex: Lunar and Planetary Institute, 2009.

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1949-, Crowther Peter, and Copyright Paperback Collection (Library of Congress), eds. Mars probes. New York: Daw Books, 2002.

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Sparrow, Giles. Destination Mars. New York: PowerKids Press, 2010.

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Godwin, Robert. Mars. Burlington, Ont: Apogee Books, 2005.

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United States. National Aeronautics and Space Administration, ed. Mars Pathfinder fact sheet: Mission summary. [Washington, D.C.?: National Aeronautics and Space Administration, 1994.

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Squyres, Steve. Roving Mars. New York: Hyperion, 2001.

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Kondratʹev, K. I͡A. Planeta Mars. Leningrad: Gidrometeoizdat, 1990.

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1958-, Godwin Robert, and United States. National Aeronautics and Space Administration., eds. Mars.: The NASA mission reports. Burlington, Ont: Apogee Books, 2004.

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Wernher, Von Braun. The Mars project. Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 1991.

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Wortman-Wunder, Emily. Going to Mars. New York: Macmillan/McGraw-Hill, 2007.

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Book chapters on the topic "Mars probs"

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Harvey, Brian, and Olga Zakutnyaya. "The path to Mars." In Russian Space Probes, 263–300. New York, NY: Praxis, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-8150-9_5.

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Gemelli, Marcellino, Leon Abelmann, Johan B. C. Engelen, Mohammed G. Khatib, Wabe W. Koelmans, and Oleg Zaboronski. "Probe Storage." In Memory Mass Storage, 99–167. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-14752-4_3.

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Rothfuss, Franz, Peter Frenzel, and Ralf Conrad. "Gas diffusion probe for measurement of CH4 gradients." In Microbial Mats, 167–72. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-78991-5_17.

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Richardson, I. G. "Using Energetic Particles to Probe the Magnetic Topology of Ejecta." In Coronal Mass Ejections, 189–96. Washington, D. C.: American Geophysical Union, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/gm099p0189.

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Reuss, M. "Gas Analysis and Membrane Probes." In Mass Spectrometry in Biotechnological Process Analysis and Control, 105–14. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-0169-2_9.

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Hashimoto, Masashi, Naomi Nishigori, and Mitsue Mizutani. "Monitoring and Diagnostic Expert System for Mars Probe “NOZOMI”." In Space Technology Proceedings, 295–302. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-015-9395-3_38.

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Bai, Fan, Yu Han, Ting Zhang, Huiping Qiang, Ji Xue, and Jionghui Li. "Research on Tianwen-1 Mars Probe Relay Communication Technology." In Lecture Notes of the Institute for Computer Sciences, Social Informatics and Telecommunications Engineering, 222–33. Cham: Springer Nature Switzerland, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-34497-8_19.

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Li, Le, Trude Schwarzacher, Paulina Tomaszewska, Qing Liu, Xiaoyu Zoe Li, Kexian Yi, Weihuai Wu, and J. S. Pat Heslop-Harrison. "Protocols for Chromosome Preparations: Molecular Cytogenetics and Studying Genome Organization in Coffee." In Mutation Breeding in Coffee with Special Reference to Leaf Rust, 291–314. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-67273-0_21.

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AbstractCytological preparations from cell nuclei are required to count the number of chromosomes (including determining ploidy or aneuploidy), to investigate their morphology and organization. The results are valuable for genetic and evolutionary studies, and in breeding programs to understand species relationships, polyploidy, and potential introgression of chromosomes in hybrids between different species. Preparation of good chromosome spreads with well-separated metaphase chromosomes is the foundation of cytogenetic research including chromosomal mapping based on FISH (fluorescence in situ hybridization). FISH combined with specific locus probes correlated with molecular markers to specific chromosomes for integrating physical and linkage maps as well as studying the genetic evolution of allopolyploidization, has rarely been applied in Coffea spp. despite being a global high-value crop. Cytogenetic studies of Coffea are limited by the small size and similar morphology of the chromosomes, but FISH can help to map sequences to chromosome arms and identify individual chromosomes. This chapter presents protocols for germinating seeds and growing coffee plants involving pre-treatment and fixation of root-tips where the meristems of actively growing roots have many divisions. Mitotic metaphase chromosome preparation on microscope slides is described, as well as preparing probes of 5S and 18S rDNA to be used for FISH. The FISH experiments involve a two-step protocol with pre-treatments and setting up the hybridization on day 1 and the detection of probe sites on day 2 after overnight hybridization. A final section gives advice about visualization using a fluorescent microscope and capturing images.
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Hacaloglu, Jale. "Direct Insertion Probe Mass Spectrometry of Polymers." In Mass Spectrometry of Polymers – New Techniques, 69–103. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/12_2011_133.

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Hou, Liqiang, Yuanli Cai, Jisheng Li, and Jin Liu. "Robust Optimization with Tchebysheff Decomposition for Mars Entry Probe Design." In Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing, 275–89. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-07494-8_19.

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Conference papers on the topic "Mars probs"

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Biswal M, Malaya Kumar, and Ramesh Naidu Annavarapu. "A Study on Mars Probe Failures." In AIAA Scitech 2021 Forum. Reston, Virginia: American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/6.2021-1158.

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Wei, Erhu, Guan Li, and Wei Yan. "On the Geodetic Feasibility of Mars with VLBI Observables from Mars Probe." In 2010 International Conference on Multimedia Technology (ICMT). IEEE, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icmult.2010.5631407.

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Biswal M, Malaya Kumar, Ramesh Kumar V, and Noor B. Das. "Survival Analysis and Study on Mars Probes." In ASCEND 2021. Reston, Virginia: American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/6.2021-4090.

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Ulamec, S., J. Biele, J. Drescher, and A. Ivanov. "A Melting Probe, with Applications on Mars, Europa..." In 56th International Astronautical Congress of the International Astronautical Federation, the International Academy of Astronautics, and the International Institute of Space Law. Reston, Virigina: American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/6.iac-05-a1.7.08.

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Ruigan, Lin, Xu Qicheng, Wang Zian, Tian Wanxin, Zhang Chuduo, Yang Xuezhi, and Wang Dan. "Optimization Scheme for Landing Fuel of Mars Probe." In 2023 5th International Conference on Industrial Artificial Intelligence (IAI). IEEE, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iai59504.2023.10327597.

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Song, Tingting, Xiaolin Ning, and Wenbo Yu. "A new autonomous celestial navigation method for Mars probe." In Sixth International Symposium on Instrumentation and Control Technology: Signal Analysis, Measurement Theory, Photo-Electronic technology, and Artificial Intelligence, edited by Jiancheng Fang and Zhongyu Wang. SPIE, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.717455.

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Schäffer, Christian, Konstantin Speck, and Volker Gümmer. "Numerical Calibration and Investigation of the Influence Of Reynolds Number on Measurements With Five-Hole Probes In Compressible Flows." In ASME Turbo Expo 2021: Turbomachinery Technical Conference and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2021-58618.

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Abstract This paper presents an investigation into the numerical and experimental calibration of a five-hole probe and effects of Reynolds number variations on the characteristics of the probe. The test object is a cone-type drilled elbow probe with a head diameter of 1.59 mm and a cone angle of 60°. The experimental calibration maps of four different probes of the same type and nominal geometry are compared. A significant variation of the curves can be observed especially at high yaw angles. This led to a visual inspection of the probes with a 3D measurement system. The actual geometry of the three used probes and the surface and radii in particular varied significantly from that of the unused spare probe. Furthermore, a numerical calibration map of the ideal probe was generated for a Mach number of Ma = 0.3. A comparison between the experimental and numerical calibration coefficients revealed that total pressure, yaw and pitch angle were reproduced reasonably well. The dynamic pressure coefficient, however, has a considerable offset. Finally, a parameter study of the effect of varying the Reynolds number over different yaw angles was conducted. The calibration Reynolds number is of the order of Re = 1 · 104 and was varied between 0.5 · 104 < Re < 6 · 104. While the results suggest that only minor measurement errors occur for yaw angle, total pressure and static pressure, a relatively large error was observed for pitch angle measurements.
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Passmann, Maximilian, Stefan aus der Wiesche, Thomas Povey, and Detlef Bergmann. "Effect of Reynolds Number on Five-Hole Probe Performance: Experimental Study of the Open-Access Oxford Probe." In ASME Turbo Expo 2020: Turbomachinery Technical Conference and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2020-16074.

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Abstract There is relatively little literature concerning the effect of Reynolds number on multi-hole aerodynamic probe performance. In particular, there is almost no discussion in the literature of the underlying mechanisms of Reynolds number (Re) sensitivity for such probes. In order to close this gap, detailed investigations of the effect of Re on a five-hole probe have been performed using both PIV techniques and oil flow visualizations. Wind- and water-tunnels were used to cover a wide range of Re. The open-access Oxford Probe was used for these studies because of the readily available data-sets and processing routines, and to allow future comparisons by other authors. Complex flow dynamics including flow separation and re-attachment were identified, which cause Re-sensitivity of the calibration map at low Re even for low yaw or pitch angles. By comparing calibration maps across a wide range of Re, we demonstrate that the Oxford Probe can be employed without much loss of accuracy at lower Re levels than initially (conservatively) suggested, and quantify the errors in the extreme low-Re regime. Overall we demonstrate the robustness of the Oxford Probe concept across a wide range of Re conditions, we more clearly defined the low-Re limit for the probe design and quantify errors below this limit, and we illustrate the fundamental mechanisms for Re-sensitivity of multi-hole probes.
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Huxley-Reynard, C. "An airbag landing system for the Beagle 2 Mars probe." In 16th AIAA Aerodynamic Decelerator Systems Technology Conference and Seminar. Reston, Virigina: American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/6.2001-2046.

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Huang, Qingnan, Caiying Yang, Ziying Zeng, Yuesheng Ye, and Hongyang Zhang. "Trajectory Control of Mars Probe Based on Fuzzy Lyapunov Function." In 2023 2nd Conference on Fully Actuated System Theory and Applications (CFASTA). IEEE, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/cfasta57821.2023.10243367.

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Reports on the topic "Mars probs"

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Sridhar, Yang, and Song. 4VRVLN6 Effects of Solids and Biofilms on Dewpoint and Corrosion in Pipelines. Chantilly, Virginia: Pipeline Research Council International, Inc. (PRCI), January 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.55274/r0011265.

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Internal corrosion occurs where water or other corrosive electrolyte accumulates. This is the principle used in Internal Corrosion Direct Assessment (ICDA). Although ICDA focuses on nominally dry gas with episodes of water upset, the well accepted criteria for dry gas (e.g., water less than 7 lb/MMCF) may be significantly influenced by the presence of bacterial biofilms and hygroscopic solids, such as iron oxide corrosion products and some salts. Therefore, understanding the changes in dew point induced by the presence of these compounds is necessary to better quantify gas quality requirements. The Multielectrode Array Sensor (MAS) probe, originally developed and patented by SwRI was used to study the effect of biofilms and corrosion products on corrosion in high pressure gas mixtures. The project demonstrated that: (i) the MAS probe is sensitive in detecting localized corrosion in wet gas streams at pipeline pressures; (ii) the corrosion rate is sensitive to gas composition/quality; (iii) the presence of biofilm and corrosion products affected the dew point but the current water content specifications for gas are sufficiently conservative that this decrease in dew point is not a concern; and (iv) the corrosion under the biofilm once initiated at high humidity levels did not decrease even upon decrease of humidity to levels lower than needed to initiate corrosion.
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Benn, D., R. Linnen, and T. Martins. Evaluating white mica as an indicator mineral for lithium bearing pegmatites, Wekusko Lake pegmatite field, Manitoba, Canada. Natural Resources Canada/CMSS/Information Management, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/328982.

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This project investigates the potential use of white micas as an indicator mineral within Li-bearing pegmatites and the potential of field portable techniques, such as Raman spectroscopy and Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (LIBS) as real-time techniques in exploration. The pegmatites in the Wekusko Lake field, Manitoba, Canada, display five zones of varying mineralization. White micas display two textures in the field (primary igneous and secondary) and four textures were identified by backscattered electron imaging (poor zonation, rimmed, patchy and exsolution). The white micas were analysed by Electron Probe Micro-Analysis (EPMA) and Laser Ablation Induction-Coupled Plasma Mass Spectroscopy (LA-ICP-MS) and the results show a strong correlation in the Li content of the white mica and the whole rock Li2O obtained from the assays of drill core. The K/Rb vs. Cs contents of the white mica indicate that the most prospective dikes contain moderate to highly evolved grains. The use of portable Raman Spectrometer, while useful for mineral identification, was not able to detect a significant Li signature at the concentrations tested (1500-6000 ppm).
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Hart, Carl, Gregory Lyons, and Michael White. Spherical shock waveform reconstruction by heterodyne interferometry. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), May 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/48471.

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The indirect measurement of shock waveforms by acousto-optic sensing requires a method to reconstruct the field from the projected data. Under the assumption of spherical symmetry, one approach is to reconstruct the field by the Abel inversion integral transform. When the acousto-optic sensing modality measures the change in optical phase difference time derivative, as for a heterodyne Mach–Zehnder interferometer, e.g., a laser Doppler vibrometer, the reconstructed field is the fluctuating refractive index time derivative. A technique is derived that reconstructs the fluctuating index directly by assuming plane wave propagation local to a probe beam. With synthetic data, this approach is compared to the Abel inversion integral transform and then applied to experimental data of laser-induced shockwaves. Time waveforms are reconstructed with greater accuracy except for the tail of the waveform that maps spatially to positions near a virtual origin. Furthermore, direct reconstruction of the fluctuating index field eliminates the required time integration and results in more accurate shock waveform peak values, rise times, and positive phase duration.
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Outschoorn, Verena M. Solving the Neutrino Mass Mystery using Double Beta Decay. An Examination of the Feasibility of Xennoon Purification and Ion Capture and Release using an Electrostatic Probe. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), September 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/815648.

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EGR Cooler Fouling Reduction: A New Method for Assessment in Early Engine Development Phase. SAE International, March 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/022-01-0589.

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High pressure EGR provides NOx emission reduction even at low exhaust temperatures. To maintain a safe EGR system operation over a required lifetime, the EGR cooler fouling must not exceed an allowable level, even if the engine is operated under worst-case conditions. A reliable fouling simulation model represents a valuable tool in the engine development process, which validates operating and calibration strategies regarding fouling tendency, helping to avoid fouling issues in a late development phase close to series production. Long-chained hydrocarbons in the exhaust gas essentially impact the fouling layer formation. Therefore, a simulation model requires reliable input data especially regarding mass flow of long-chained hydrocarbons transported into the cooler. There is a huge number of different hydrocarbon species in the exhaust gas, but their individual concentration typically is very low, close to the detection limit of standard in-situ measurement equipment like GC-MS. Therefore, a new measurement and analysis approach has been developed, where the exhaust gas is guided to a metal foam collector, in which HC`s are deposited. The probe is then analyzed in a suited thermogravimetrical system (TGA) in nitrogen atmosphere, temperature range 25°C to 650°C. Analyzing the TGA curve, HC concentration data for 6 different boiling temperature ranges are obtained, provided to an adapted 1-d fouling simulation model. Using these data along with further input parameters like cooler geometry, gas temperature, pressure, flow, particle size distribution and coolant temperature, the simulation model has proven as a suitable tool to predict the fouling and identify engine settings for fouling reduction.
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