Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Marranes – Portugal – 20e siècle'
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Parnes, Livia. "Présences juives dans le Portugal contemporain (1820-1938)." Paris, EHESS, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002EHES0113.
Full textThe present study examines multiple forms of « Jewish presence » in contemporary Portugal, particularly : the reinstallation of Jews from the beginning of the 19th century, with a special focus on the organization of the Lisbon Jewish community; the “discovey” of Marranos (1917), followed by a movement promoting their integration into Judaism; as well as the Jewish presence in literature, public opinion, political discourse. The analysis of literary texts, essays, and historiography, reveals the emergence of a new positive image of the Jew, allowing us to point out a pattern of philo-Semitic attitudes, strongly related to Portuguese liberalism and to the romantic movement that was to crystallize during the century. Our study shows the incorporation of Jewish questions, primarily anti-Semitism and Zionism, in the general modernization process of Portugal. The Portuguese reactions to the Dreyfus Affair as well as the discussions in the Portuguese parliament and Senate on a bill concerning the installation of Jews in Angola (1912-1913), confirm the growth of pro-Jewish attitudes. The movement of rejudaizing the Marranos in the 1920’s, as analyzed according to its main organ, the journal Ha-Lapid (the Torch), transforms the reality and the image of Portuguese Judaism. Received rather favourably by the government, it roused mixed reactions inside the Jewish population in Portugal as well as in a number of Portuguese national circles. The examination of some modern anti-Semitic theories developed in the country during these years discloses the Portuguese unique variant of the phenomena, as well as its marginality in the regime of the Estado Novo, just before the Second World War
Marques, João Filipe. "Je ne suis pas raciste, mais. . . : du "non-racisme" portugais aux deux racismes des portugais." Paris, EHESS, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004EHES0028.
Full textPortugal -despite what the portuguese may think - does not seem to constitute an exception regarding racist attitudes and behaviours in Europe. Quite the opposite, this research could even conclude that racism in its "blatant" version is a part of the everyday life of many people. Although kept on a "non-politic" level, racism does exist in portuguese society. There is a number of questions surrounding this problem which deserve to be formulated : how is racism shown in the portuguese society? What kind of logics does it obeys? What are its present-day and historical sources? The main victims of the racism of the portuguese are africam immigrants and gypsis. But these two categories of are not victim of the same sort of racism. The typological methodology that was used in this research can distinguish between the two ideal types of racism existing today in the portuguese society. The kind of racism suffered by the immigrants clearly obeys the logic of "inferiorisation" or "assimilationist" whose sources are found in the colonial past of the country, as weel as in the prejudices inherited from that same past. Regarding the gypsies, the situation is radically different. They are today victims of a form of racism with its roots in the "diferentialist" or "exclusion" logic. No place in society is given to them, no economical function and no interaction space. The sources of this diferentialist rejection are both found in the dissolution of the typical modes of life of this collective and in the simultaneous transformations of the portuguese society
Silva, Helena Sofia Rodrigues Ferreira da. "Soigner à l'hôpital : histoire de la profession infirmière au Portugal (1886-1955)." Paris, EHESS, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010EHES0020.
Full textThe aim of this work is to analyse the historical process of the hospital nursing professionalization in Portugal by defining its original characteristics, despite the French and British influences. Several factors contributed to the development of nursing as a profession especially the continuous changes in the Portuguese political and religious situation, the progress in medicine and hospitals' improvements. This. Analysis starts by describing the Portuguese historical background, underlining the role played by several religious orders and institutions such as the Misericordias in the care of the sick when nursing becomes a profession. The development of nursing as a profession requires first a training, then the organisation of a restricted group, socially recognized and with a unique identity. The existing original characteristics are revealed by examining the nursing schools from their creation until their standardisation in Portugal, pointing out their organisation as well as the training they provided. The profile and the results of the students of two private nursing schools (managed by Oporto's and Braga'sMisericordias) will be analysed in detail. We will study the evolution of the nursing profession until its regulation and the creation of a system controlling its practice. The nursing associations and their publications will also be taken into account since they contributed to exchange knowledge and to reinforce the group identity. Finally, the analysis of nursing practice at the Hospital GeraI de Santo Antonio (Oporto) enables us to understand how this practice evolved and what changed for the nursing professionals
Léonard, Yves. "Salazarisme, nationalisme et idée coloniale au Portugal." Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011IEPP0008.
Full textThe first part focuses on the colonial idea presented as the keystone of salazarism. It shows how the national sentiment becomes consubstantial of the colonial idea, throughout the intense impreial mystic orchestrated by the salazarist propaganda in the 1930s, to the extent of asserting itself as the intangible base of the regime. The second part focuses on the question of the salazarist regime nature presented as close to a conservative authoritarianism much than fascism, emphasizing the key figure, central and complex, of the dictator. The third part focuses on the posterity of salazarism and its memory in democratic Portugal, since the revolution of April 1974. The European choice, consequence both of the decolonization and of the institutionalization of the democracy, allowed the Portuguese to override the brutal disappearance of centuries-old overseas, without creating, till yet, an absolute war of memories
Nabais, Ramos Manuel. "Structurations et mutations territoriales au Portugal : XIXe et XXe siècles : pour une gestion administrative et politique des espaces." Bordeaux 3, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003BOR30016.
Full textWe wanted to outline the history of the organization of the administrative and politic areas in Portugal. What we try to understand, it is the way the national portuguese area has made evolution since the start of the 19th century in its structure of territorial and administrative divisions, that constitutes in fact and in law, its national logic. The modalities od the apportionnement of the power at the local administrative grade, the one of the "Concelho" and one of the "Freguesia", in the various phasis of the restructuration, are iteratives joining that we frequently refer to
Leite, Joana Pereira. "La formation de l'économie coloniale au Mozambique : pacte colonial et industrialisation : du colonialisme portugais aux réseaux informels de sujétion marchande : 1930-1974." Paris, EHESS, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990EHES0008.
Full textAnalysis of the process of the making and development of the colonial economy in mozambique from 1930 to 1974. The study will approach the subject through two basic routes. On the one hand, the aim is to expose the underlying historical trends which lie at the origin of the structuring of the country's economic base. These are viewed as being the product of tree greater dynamics to be investgated: portuguese colonisation, the links between mozambique and southern africa and the particular nature of the place of mozambique's economy in the world context. On the other hand, our object is the economic transformation process from the 30's onwards which is the central focus of the work in hand, in which field we will try, above all, to identify the changes in the export economy. Thus we will seek both to shed light on the natue of the colonial pact put into practice in east africa by the estdo novo, and to perceive the particular characteristics of the industrial development which took place in post-war mozambique, and above all from the 60 onwards. We conclude with an assessement of the economic exploitation of mozambique which brings us back to the problem of its integration in southern africa. In effect the high value placed on the transit and emigration economy played a decisive role in the economic reproduction of the last portuguese empire
Catteau, Prune Iris. "Le Portugal à Paris : médiations et représentations de 1880-1914." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/28011.
Full textThis thesis is dedicated to the study of Portugal’s literary and cultural presence in Paris from 1880 to 1914. Since the rise of the French press, Paris is an essential hub for the cultural and literary organization networks, both nationally and internationally, not only owing to the universal consecration it earned in the arts and literature but also because this capital city symbolizes creative freedom, inspiration and the meeting place of choice. Portuguese intellectuals, writers, diplomats and students travel or move to Paris to soak up the unique atmosphere, to learn, to bring back a number of ideas in their country but mainly to promote their culture and identity. Cosmopolitanism and nationalism are two major factors that foster not only bilateral exchanges but also a link between the two brotherly nations, as verified by pro-Latin and pro-republican Franco-Portuguese journal publications. This study, first of all, allows one to understand the activities and achievements of Parisian mediators of Portuguese culture, and to analyze these transfers in terms of their material aspects (media used, periodicity, distribution, networks). Furthermore, the analysis focuses on the discursive production that emanates from this context while paying attention to Portugal’s stagings and representations in Paris. Our intend to cover the field at best leads us to also consider so-called minor productions (literary event programs, invitations, posters, flyers). Some researchers, especially French (Pageaux 1984, Piwnik 2008, Quint 2006, Rivas 2015), have studied Franco-Portuguese literary and cultural relations, showing these exchanges’ importance without, however, focusing on intellectual weaving in general at the turn of the century. In addition, recent research has shown the extent of an international press development movement at the end of the nineteenth century without paying special attention to Portuguese implication (Thérenty and Vaillant 2010, Cooper-Richet, 2016). Since 1880 until the advent of World War I, Paris is interested in more than only Portugal's exoticism but by the specificity of its modern literature, especially through French and Portuguese Symbolists’ reciprocity and through various cultural agents established in Paris. The Paris of The Belle Epoque takes part in a real transformation in Portugal’s representation in France, namely the transition from a mythical depiction based on Portugal’s glorious past discoveries to a contemporary depiction conveyed by poetry, politics, travel and exhibitions. Camões as a political, historical and literary symbol of Portugal is renewed in France thanks to the tercentenary celebrations of his death in 1880 and sets the beginning of a new era in Portugal’s representation in France. Camões, in the mainstream press, in the press vanguard and in the institutional press, not only represents an epic national glory but he also symbolizes the whole country, the people, the nation, all social classes, the national soul, the Republican center and Coimbra’s academic class. While the Franco-Portugal relations culminated thanks to those Portuguese prints published in French by 1900 and to the proclamation of the Portuguese Republic in 1910, Camões brings universal consecration to Portugal and to a worshiped Europe : his bust is unveiled near the Eiffel tower in 1912 and a literary society “Les amis de Camoens”, composed of many French intellectuals (Anatole France, Pierre Loti), is founded and prints a journal on this bilateral literary friendship that lasts until 1914. In short, this work analyzes the media initiatives launched by some Portuguese in Paris, cultural and literary networks, social exchanges and interactions that underlie them. The main contribution of this work for research will be to provide a view which is as comprehensive as possible of Portugal’s literary and cultural presence in Paris and of its representation at a time when France and its capital city is a hub and a key intellectual model.
Vallez, Nathalie. "Présence et vie quotidienne des juifs dans le Sud-Ouest aquitain des années vingt aux lendemains de la Seconde Guerre mondiale." Toulouse 2, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001TOU20093.
Full textThe subject of this thesis is the presence and the destiny of the Jewish communities in the South-West of France from the 1920s to the post-war period through the communal life in three coastal departments : Gironde, Landes and Basses-Pyrénées. This population, constituted of former “marranes” who arrived from the sixteenth century in successive waves of immigrations, claims to have a privileged place within the French Judaism. However, they suffered from persecutions like the other French Jews. The first part entitled “Daily Life, Theory and Practice” is devoted to methodological issues relatives to historiography, the concept of daily life and the critical presentation of the sources. The second part entitled “Presence and History” describes and explains the daily life of Jews in Bordeaux, Bayonne and the countryside during the 1920s and the 1930s, from the settlement of the “Portugueses” in the region. In the reconstruction of the Jewish life, we intended to place the emphasis on the local and historical heritage of the South-Western Jews while replacing them in the framework of the contemporary history of the French Jewry. The communal space reflected a cumulative identity, composed of the different elements of local Judaism. The third part entitled “Daily Jew” shows the confrontation of old and already weakened communities with the “Shoah”. The daily life of Jews during four years of German Occupation becomes a changering and breaking period. This part underlines the differences of experiences and the various perceptions of events. The fourth part entitled “Recomposition, Identities and Memories” presents the transformations resulting of the Occupation. The representatives of local Judaism didn't succeed in integrating the Shoah's dimension in their system of representations from the past. The coming of Jews from North Africa, perceived as a moment of intense crisis, accelerated the disappearance of the Portuguese's model. A new identity sprang from this confrontation and from the consequences of the persecutions
Gonzalez, Alvaredo Facundo. "Hauts revenus : une perspective historique et fiscale : les cas de l'Espagne, l'Argentine, l'Italie et le Portugal." Paris, EHESS, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008EHES0122.
Full textThe evolution of income and wealth inequality during the process of development has attracted enormous attention in the economics literature. A number of recent studies have constructed series for shares of income accruing to upper income groups for various countries using income tax statistics. The book recently edited by Atkinson and Piketty, 2007, where most or' those studies are gathered, is an example of such interest. The countries considered are Anglo-Saxon countries (United Kingdom, Ireland, United States, Canada, New Zealand and Australia) and continental European countries (France, Germany, the Netherlands and Switzerland). Research has also been done on the experiences of India, Japan, Sweden, Finland, Norway, China and Indonesia. No such study has analyzed Southern European or Latin American countries. This work proposes to start filling this gap by analyzing the experiences of Spain, Portugal, Italy and Argentina over the XXth century
Vidal, Frédéric. "Les habitants d'Alcântara au début du XXe siècle : identité, proximités et distances sociales dans un quartier industrialisé de Lisbonne." Lyon 2, 2003. http://theses.univ-lyon2.fr/documents/lyon2/2003/vidal_f.
Full textThis study focuses on a Lisbon neighbourhood, the evolution of which provides a clear example of the process of industrialisation that occurred in large European cities throughout the 19th century, through the development of an economy of agglomeration. This specific social environment is approached from the point of view of its inhabitants. At the beginning of the 20th century Alcântara was a predominantly workers' neighbourhood, although all the documentary evidence points to a much more socially diversified population. This study is particularly interested in the forms of social cohesion of a heterogeneous population made up of a variety of socio-professional groups with different migratory backgrounds. The relationships of one group of inhabitants from this neighbourhood, reconstructed through registries of births and baptisms, provide an understanding of different forms of social structure on a micro-local scale
Pinto, Coelho Joaquim José Vieira. "Les facteurs psychosociaux de l'efficacité organisationnelle : étude comparée des mairies portugaises." Metz, 2004. http://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/public/UPV-M/Theses/2004/Pinto_Coelho.Joaquim.Jose.Vieira.LMZ0408_1.pdf.
Full textThis research required to examine variables that influence the organizational efectiveness in local government services. The mayoralty was used the unity of analysis and 92 mayors and 236 directors in 109 municipalities in Portugal participated in this study. The latent variables mayor's extensive leadership (G), strategic oriented leadership (S) and risk predisposed leadership R, director's satifaction and commitment, trust and cooperation climate were operationalized using factor analysis. Through structural equations modeling the research revealed significant positive mediate relationship between : G and satifaction, G and cooperation, S and commitment, S and trust, R and satisfaction, satisfaction and commitment and commitment and trust. Signicant negative mediate relatinship was found between G and commitment ; and a one hand, between R and, on the other, trust and cooperation. Direct effects from trust to overall perceived effectiveness and to level of investments execution rate were found. Financial indicators were not found to be significantly explained by the model. Significant differences for mayors and directors were found in the relation between G and satisfaction, R and satisfaction, S end trust and commitment and trust. Mayoralties supported by right and left ideologies were found to have significantly different perceptions between R and cooperation. Also, significant differences for lower and upper economic level municipalities were found between R satifaction and between R and cooperation. Behavioral styles of mayor are proposed and analyzed their effectiveness. The model was specified for others factors of leadership as perceived by the directors
Poinard, Michel. "Les Portugais dans l'émigration : une géographie de l'absence." Toulouse 2, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991TOU20051.
Full textThe main intuition behind this research is based on the conviction that immigration is best understood by firstly looking at emogration, and that you have to come back emigrants themeselves in order to from an idea of how thry are going to integrate into their country of residence. Because the migrant has set off on a route and become part of the history that in fact began before he even decided to leave and which will continue long after his installation in the host country. The thesis is divides into two parts, one following the other in chronological order according to the country's milestones. The first part, "migratory pressure stretching over 150 years", gives a detailed account of the years from 1830 to 1974. When a huge wave of departures which pushed the portugese to america from the second half of the nineteen century then after a brief pause caused by the great crisis and the second world war, analyses the new contemporary flood of emigrants towards europe. The second part - emigration in daily life - takes advantage of the decisive turning point of 1974 to clarify the fluidity of the actors and the scale et which the are invawed: - that of the state and its national territory as this is the reference area with respect not only to identify but to policy considering however. .
Neves, Lopes Claudia. "Marche editorial entre bresil et portugal. Periode de la republique bresilienne. Les relations editoriales entre le bresil et le portugal." Paris 7, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA070027.
Full textThis thesis tries to show how books and edition could have been used as instruments of cultural domination in the relatioships between an ex-colony and its former metropolis. Of course, they don't lose their roles as cultural means of diffusion but at first, as means of diffusion of a foreign and colonizing culture. The diffusion of this culture is acheived through thecolonizer's domination of the means of production, which have never been those of the colony because of the impositions of the colonial system. Moreover, this system helped to perpetuate links based on dependance, as it gave the parent-state the possibility to diffuse its own culture in the colony, even after its independance. This phenomenon had another consequence too : the cultural production of the colony (or ex-colony) is kept apart from the editorial production process, which is dominated by foreign editors who want to diffuse their own culture among the reading elite of the colony, who had an europeanized way of thinking. Books and edition, used that way by the colonizing countries, could enter the colony by two ways : on one hand, in a cultural way, as they carries the ideology of the colonizer ; on the other hand, in an economical way, as they were a new market for editorial companies that exploited it by setting up subsidiaries and a massive exportation of printed papers. But this study wants to point out the process by which the colony got free from its colonial links and became autonomous in this particular subject of cultural production, achieving the production and diffusion of the national culture at home and through its own means. Here the question is, at first, to point out the moment when the relation ships between two countries, linked by colonial links, went from colonial domination to cultural diffusion in this particular subject of edition
Matos, Maria Joao Reis e. Sousa de. "Constança Capdeville et le théâtre musical au Portugal : la voix contemporaine." Paris 8, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996PA081334.
Full textConstanca capdeville (1937-1992), portuguese composer of spanish origin, is the most representative one in portugal concerning european musical theater from the 60ties to the 80ties. She wrote 14 pieces from which we refer: mise-en-requiem, memoriae quasi um fantasia i, ii, esbocos para um stabat mater, double, don't juan,. . . Para um stabat mater, doppiomaggio, take - 9 1, etc. , and other 103 pieces of chamber music, orchestral music, music for theatre, danse and cinema. Her pieces have been played in such festivals of contemporary music as: royan, zagreb, musique de chambre de paris, musique vivante de munich, automn of varsovie, a. S. O. After an introduction with some biographical notes on the composer and the presentation of the pieces concerning this study, it follows chapter i, "meanings of theatralisation", after which there is chapter ii, "music characteristics", containing the musical analysis of don't juan,: followed by two chapters on "signs of vocality" and "signs of musicality", trying to synthetise the most remarquable features concerning the whole c. Capdeville's musical theater. The conclusion pretends to determine the identities between c. Capdeville and her european colegues, as well as, the
Cabrita, Gregório Maria do Carmo. "Lire et écrire : facettes d'un rituel : l'enseignement initial de la lecture et de l'écriture au Portugal (1850-1974)." Rouen, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004ROUEL464.
Full textThe subject of this study is the primary teaching of reading and writing in Portugal in state schools. The approach taken is that of the history of these disciplines and teaching methods and the analysis covers a period of long duration. The documentary elements analysed were selected from several volumes of documents (some of which were created for this specific purpose) such as school books, pedagogical and teaching manuals, official texts, the teaching press, primary school curricula and primary teacher training curricula, inspection inquiries, opinion texts and oral statements [testimonies]. The interpretative model used is inspired by a theatrical metaphor which analyses teaching from three different perspectives : backstage itself and the auditorium. The performance taking place on stage is influenced by the other levels (backstage and the auditorium) but also by the actors's characteristics and by the scenery (material and pedagogical organisation),in particular the existenceof school books. Throughout this period, the presence of school books in the classroom manifests itself in three forms (diversity, uniformity and unity) which correspond to an evolution in teaching performance which can be identified thanks to three successive "rehearsals" (including didascalia, production, as well as the performance and audience reaction). These forms, in spite of their differences, still retain a common structure. This observation, leads us to see the teaching of reading and writing as a rituel which has different faets, the characteristics of which make this ritual a sacrificial one
Henriques, Luisa. "Les dynamiques du système national d’innovation et le rôle de l’espace construit par les institutions privées sans but lucratifs : le Portugal comme un laboratoire de recherche." Paris, ENMP, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006ENMP1384.
Full textPortugal is a good research laboratory for the study of dynamics of a system of innovation, because of major political and structural changes faced in the last thirty years of the 20th century. Besides, the Portuguese system has taken a specific configuration of its system of innovation, when compared with other EU cohesion countries, although having similar characteristics and level of development in the 960s. A mix of three theoretical approaches was drawn on for this research: the evolutionary economics, the new sociology of sciences and the neo-institutionalist schools. Two moments of crystallization in the process of building the Portuguese system of innovation were ound, which corresponded to processes of irreversibilisation of the model. The first moment was the reform of the universities in the 70s, which led to the expansion of the “seeds” of the previous configuration, centred upon public laboratories, and generated a new one entred on academic research and non-profit organizations. The second moment was the period after the accession to the European communities with the stabilization of the policy-making processes and structures. The expansion of the system then took place based on temporary project structures, with the format of non-profit organizations, which constructed a space that mediates the spaces of the traditional actors. A typology for this type of organizations was proposed
Vargaftig, Nadia. "Des empires en carton : les expositions coloniales au Portugal et en Italie (1918-1940)." Paris 7, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA070028.
Full textThis work proposes to confront two political, social and cultural phenomena that marked the twentieth century in Europe: the expansion of the old continent by colonial imperialism which started in the 1870s and the corporatist and fascist dictatorships of the interwar period. A comparative approach enables to understand the mechanisms by which representations of the Portuguese and Italian colonizations as they appeared in the colonial exhibitions of the period reflected and reinforced devices of domination exerted on metropolitan and colonial societies. Examining the aesthetic, historical and scientific motives of exhibitions, fairs and participations of Salazar's Portugal and Mussolini's Italy in international exhibitions, analyzing their manufacturing arrangements, and finally assessing the institutions, organizations and individuals involved in the process, permits to identify continuities and changes in the approach and interpretation of the colonial fact by each regime. These exhibitions were thus the result of evolving power relations in which the realities of the colonial ground were only one factor among others, as the balance of power in the fascist and salazarist states, struggles of influence between institutions, or inter-European rivalries in a particularly tense international context. Finally, the study of the presence of nationals of colonial territories permits to measure the racial dimension of these stagings of European domination
Franco, José Eduardo. "Le mythe jésuite au Portugal (XVIe-XXe siècles)." Paris, EHESS, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004EHES0077.
Full textThe present dissertation proposes a long duration analysis of polemic perception of the Jesuits in different chronological points of the history of Portugal. Their character, performance and role have shaped and image that gained mythical proportions, especially after Marquës de Pombal tern as Prime-Minister to king José I (1750-1777). Pombal is here studied as the founder of th myth of the Society of Jesus in Portugal. However, in order to understand the roots, dimension, impact, functions and meaning of this dark myth in Portuguese culture and mentality, we have to take into account the antecedents of this process of creation, reception and further recreation of mythical imagery. Therefore, the research inserts Pombal's foundation of the Jesuit myth into a broader time spam, which allows us to appreciate its genesis, growth and mythical evolution, for more than four centuries of history
Soares, Maria Isabel Rebelo Teixeira. "Utilisation directe et indirecte d'énergie dans un contexte interindustriel : le bilan portugais." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986STR10008.
Full textThe portuguese energy problem seems to be far beyond the direct consequences of the world oil crisis. In fact, energy plays an important part on the structural problems of the portuguese economy. We have tried to answer to three main questions. First, which are the connections between global entropy created by the energy consumption of the manufacturing process and the negentropy level of production ? Second, which are the consequences of these connections on the foreign trade balance ? At last, what is the impact of maintaining till 1986, such energy and production structures like those revealed by the analysis of three main axis : the industrial network, the foreign trade balance and the energy balance?
López, Robles Rosario. "Imaginaires associatifs féministes : l’engagement militant à l’épreuve de la professionnalisation au sein des associations du Planning Familial (France) et l’União de Mulheres Alternativa e Resposta (Portugal)." Thesis, Reims, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020REIML004.
Full textThis thesis analyses the associative commitment of Planning Familial, a feminist and popular education movement in France, and UMAR, the União de Mulheres Alternativa e Resposta, a feminist organisation in Portugal. These two associations are defined as feminist associative imaginary, a central concept of the thesis, whose connections are marked by the controversies, activist strategies and tensions resulting from the activism and professionalisation processes.The research is based on a qualitative analytical approach through the exploitation of historical sources, ethnographic observations and a collection of activist narratives, through the production of around forty in depth interviews and around twenty court interviews with volunteers and employees. This research consists of three parts. Initially, the socio-historical analysis sheds light on the processes of construction of a feminist activist action, but also shows the gradual entry and consolidation of the processes of institutionalisation and professionalisation in the various associative contexts. The second part studies the activism dimensions of associative commitment, including the pathways of activism, the paradigms and feminist positions held by activists and associative groups, as well as their individual and collective representations. Thirdly, professional approaches and actions of a politicized nature are analysed in the two associations, with particular regard to sexuality and equality
Amaral, Veiga Leitão Madalena. "Repères pour une esthétique de la mise en scène au Portugal : le parcours de quatre metteurs en scène: João Mota, Luis Miguel Cintra, João Brites et Rogério de Carvalho." Paris 3, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA030121.
Full textThe aim of this study was to analyse staging in portugal between the period of 1970 and 1995 by studyng four of the most representative directors of the 70's (Joao Mota, luis Miguel Ccintra, Joao Brites and Rogerio de Carvalho). It tried not only to explore the existing relationship between the historical and cultural background, experienced during that decade, but also to know whether the theatrical projects implemented by those directors correspond to the dominant aesthetic conception. We realised that they are all united by the same perspective of facing theatre, in spite of having distinctive aesthetic characteristics which define them in a particular way. Therefore we came to the conclusion that they follow the same global aesthetic conception. We also tried to understand in what way the directors and groups of the 70's represented an effective change in relation to the previous conception of theatre and in what way they influenced the theatre of the generations that emerged afterwards. As far as the first topic is concerned, we conclused that the groups of the 70's meant a fundamental cleavage in what concerned the previous theatrical experience. Considering the second topic we can assert that they had a decisive influence on the theatre developed by the new generations in the 80's and the 90's in spite of all the multiple transformations carried out within the portuguese society and within the theatre throughout these twenty- five years. We acknowlegde the important role that the directors and groups of the 70's performed in the portuguese theatrical context of the twentieth century, taking into account the fact that they introduced contemporary theatre in portugal, by stressing the aesthetic dimension, artistic experimentation, drama reading as a guarantee of an internal coherence in theatrical production and its communicability with today's public
Vila, Maior Isabelle Lopes. "Représentations et stratégies narratives dans la littérature de jeunesse au Portugal : de la dictature à̧ la démocratie." Rennes 2, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003REN20008.
Full text@Taking as a point of departure the literary concept of representation and presupposing that literature for young people definitely constitutes a privileged ground for the construction of world models, the purpose of this research is to demonstrate if, how and at what level the political and social modifications taken place in Portugal after the country's democratisation in 1974 determined the evolution of representations and narrative strategies in Portuguese teenage novels. The investigation results are presented in four parts, preceded by a short historical panorama. The first one concerns novels published during Salazar's regime (1926-1974), the second is centred on the analysis of some series books, the third part points out contemporary novel sub genres. The last part is dedicated to Alice Vieira, whose books mark contemporary Portuguese literature for young people coming of age, and its translation the entry of this reborn literature into the international literary field
Lucas, Rémy. "Eloge du gris ? : Le mûlatre et ses représentations dans la littérature africaine lusographe à partir de la seconde moitié du XXème siècle." Rennes 2, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999REN20008.
Full textThe Portuguese’s miscegenation with the colonized people is the starting point of this work. From the postulate of the Portuguese’s particularity to the interbreeding (lusotropicalism) we wanted to question the different representations of the mulatto in the Portuguese Africa. The evolution of the notion of race, some historic indicators for each ex-colony in Africa permit understand the interbreeding in his geographical and linguistic particularity. The literature of lusophone Africa in the 50's develop the mulatto character. The novel and short stories of our corpus examine this changing and unsatisfied character, split into his black and white roots. A typology of the literary mulatto has been done and permit draw up an inventory of his representations. In order to refine the perception of the mulatto character, we analyse into details three novels : Llheu de Contenta de Teixera de Sousa, A Chaga de Castro Soromenho and Portagem from Orlando Mendes, as well as the narrative strategy (hal-breeding discourse). The literary mulatto turns out to be a character more in search of his whither father than a being divided in his double roots. The unrecognition of the father transforms him into a character cut off from the others and from himself
Sousa, Maria Luísa. "A mobilidade automóvel em Portugal. A construção do sistema socio-técnico, 1920-1950." Thesis, Paris 3, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA030175/document.
Full textThis dissertation focuses on the institutionalization of the sociotechnical system, underlying automobility, in Portugal, from 1920 to 1950. By taking into consideration that the country was technologically peripheral and originally no automobiles were locally manufactured, this work developed along two complementary aspects: the regulation of automobile circulation and the adaptation of roads to the new vehicles. This is a study focusing on the appropriation and construction of this system through the interventions of users, engineers, legislators, automobile clubs, road services and administration. In the period under consideration, despite the low rates of motorization, the sociotechnical system institutionalized and stabilized, by following and discussing the definition of international standards and creating structures, which influenced the development of this system, during the second half of the nineteenth century.The way in which the institutionalization of the car system developed allowed not only an increase in commercial road transport in detriment of railways, but also protected an elitist culture regarding the use of private cars and the development of automobile tourism, as shown by circulation regulations and in the construction of tourism roads with special technical and budgetary characteristics. It also allowed the development of road engineering in Portugal, with the creation of an independent organ for road administration and the training of engineers whose works were appropriated by the rhetoric of the dictatorial regime known as New State (Estado Novo) as a symbol of its own accomplishments and modernity. All these actors participated in the construction of a technical discourse and in the negotiations of social and moral norms, as well as of representations at the level of the users’ practices, discourses and the materiality of the sociotechnical car system.Key-words: Sociotechnical system; automobile mobility, Portugal, Estado Novo, roads, motorists
De, Jesus Samuel. "Non-lieux. Hors-temps. Pour une iconographie contemporaine et photographique de la saudade." Thesis, Paris 3, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA030077.
Full textWhich relations can the saudade, major expression of the Portuguese literature of the XVIth century, maintain a priori with contemporary photography? If saudade, phenomenon described by the poet Almeida Garett as a « delicious pain of the heart », born of the puncture of « a cruel spine », wakes up the remembrance related to a beloved being or place – whose absence, lack or loss cause us as much sadness as joy –, remains not easily translatable, and often continues to be comparable with the melancholy. However saudade also appears as a singular thought operating a temporal and spatial synthesis coming from man’s experience of the world, a « virtual » collage governed like a true layout of images. How can this feeling consequently find in photography a place of representation? Which symptoms, which “marks” thus come to reveal us its possible forms of application? Which paradoxes can also emerge, as soon as we try to withdraw them since their dormancy, or to reveal présent by their own absence, all that was, one day, but which is not anymore, or perhaps, the peculiar hope of what has not occurred yet? It is with these main questions that this thesis will try to answer, by exploring a corpus made up mainly among a choice of French and Brazilian contemporary photographs, but does not omit nevertheless other visual sources, such as paintings, engravings, films, performances, or often ephemeral installations. It is also trying to understand how this concept finally comes to compose a photographic iconography of an image-saudade which reveals itself as rich as complex and paradoxal
Telles, Ana. "Luis de Freitas Branco (1890- 1955) : parcours biographique et esthétique à travers l'oeuvre pour piano." Paris 4, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA040015.
Full textLuís de Freitas Branco is considered a major Portuguese composer of the first half of the 20th century. Over various decades, his life and works were little known and studied ; even though a renewed interest was kindled in recent years, his piano works remained largely untouched by scholars, and published biographical facts concerning him were of a much too general nature. This dissertation aims to establish as complete a biography as possible, based on a scrupulous confrontation of sources ; to illustrate various aesthetic tendencies represented in the composer's output by a comparative analysis of his piano works ; to discuss these tendencies in the context of Freitas Branco’s creative and personal life
Mataix, David. "L' Europe des révolutions nationales : l'impossible Union Latine." Montpellier 3, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004MON30045.
Full textThe history of Spain, Italy, France and Portugal during the Second World War had always been studied in a larger picture – often the XX century - or mixed in the history of the War. Today, comparing and contrasting these histories can help us to understand certain events. As we can see in this thesis there were differencies from the begining of this regimes, but also with nazi - Germany. Anticomunism, the importance of religion, national ambitions and the ambitions of theirs leaders for their countries ans themselves are some elements that explain the decisions and events during and after the war for all these authoritarian regimes. This is the history of the latin Europe from 1940 to 1942, the similitaries and the differencies between these nations as well as the role and they position they wanted to have in post-war Europe
Marques, Karina Carvalho de Matos. "De l'écriture personnelle à l'écriture de l'histoire : questions d'identité dans l'oeuvre d'Ilse Losa et de Samuel Rawet." Thesis, Paris 3, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA030103.
Full textOur compared study deals with the literary work of Ilse Losa (1913-2006), a German exiled in Portugal, and Samuel Rawet (1929-1984), a Polish immigrant in Brazil, which have adopted Portuguese as writing language. Having arrived in these lusophone countries a few years before the declaration of the Second World War, both share a jewish origin which is expressed in their characters in the form of conflicts between memory and forgetfulness, communitarianism and integration, tradition and cultural performativity. Moreover, their conditions of women and homosexual acted as an inspiration for the construction of a work opposing gender duality in a context of oppression in these host countries : The Salazarist New State (1933-1974) and the military dictatorship in Brazil (1964-1985). This way, through their personal writings in which the jewish identity and the gender identity are key elements, we can consider the exclusion in a broader way. These authors give us a picture of the brazilian and portuguese societies between the end of the 30’s and beginning of the 80’s, highlighting the power relations between elites and masses. During a period in which the national identity is being built on the basis of the myth of the great empire in Portugal and of multiculturalism in Brazil, Ilse Losa and Samuel Rawet show that the nation is always a narrative
Santos, Maria da Glória Alhinho dos. "Le dernier des lieux, le dernier des hommes ou les représentations de la "maltesia" et de l'Alentejo dans l'oeuvre de Manuel da Fonseca." Thesis, Bordeaux 3, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014BOR30055.
Full textThis study proposes a reading of Alentejo’s imaginary, the largest province of Portugal, from a vagabond's point of view who actually drifted this region, in a form of vagrancy, which helped to forge the image of a man with a wild and untameable nature. The vast lands of Alentejo with wide horizons and distances have an immeasurable impact on Alentejo’s imaginary and its representation in literature. Part of Manuel da Fonseca’s literary work is closely attached to this region producing a rich universe of meanings on sensitive relationships of man and space. Thus, the inseparable relationship between the man from Alentejo and his region is represented all over his work and bonds to Manuel da Fonseca's own relationship to that region. A representation of life, through a familiar and intimate story, together with a political humanised commitment towards that province, creates a singular literary universe. A drift, initially attached to the wanderer’s figure - the maltês - and its form of vagrancy – maltesia, comes to draw itself in the literary space showing that the boundaries between the different texts and characters can be fluid and permeable. The sense of maltesia and maltês gently deepens, showing a human space which becomes inscribed with the riddle of life and literary creation