Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Markov, Processus de – épidémiologie'
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Camacho, Anton. "Approches stochastiques pour la modélisation en épidémiologie : application à la grippe humaine." Paris 6, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA066460.
Full textBouzalmat, Ibrahim. "Modélisation probabiliste de la dynamique de transmission de la fièvre typhoïde à Mayotte avec étude de risques épidémiques." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Montpellier (2022-....), 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023UMONS064.
Full textThe aim of this thesis manuscript is to study the transmission of typhoid fever in Mayotte using mathematical modelling approaches. We first introduce the context of our study, the associated issues, and the objectives of the thesis. A state-of-the-art review on mathematical modeling of typhoid fever transmission is presented, highlighting the specificity of our approach. We propose an initial model in two versions, deterministic and stochastic, to describe the transmission dynamics of the disease in Mayotte. We explore the behavior of the model through numerical simulations in different scenarios, highlighting key factors of transmission. However, due to the limitations of the available dataset, we propose a simplified stochastic model and a parametric estimation method. This approach enables us to fit the model to the available data and to estimate the key characteristics of typhoid fever transmission in Mayotte. In enriching our model, we are introducing new extensions. We include a compartment for individuals exposed, taking into account the incubation period of the disease. The theoretical properties of this model are studied and illustrated by numerical simulations. In addition, we propose a parameter estimation methodology adapted to this new model, and numerical simulations have been carried out to evaluate the performance of our estimation approach. We then examine the impact of rainfall on the transmission of typhoid fever in Mayotte, using publicly available precipitation data. We identify rainfall seasonality and estimate model parameters under different regimes. The results highlight the importance of this meteorological variable in the spread of the epidemic.This manuscript opens up research perspectives, such as the extension of the model to other infectious diseases present in Mayotte and its generalisation to other territories. This work will contribute to a better understanding and management of infectious diseases in Mayotte and other similar regions
Brun-Strang, Catherine. "Intérêt de la modélisation dans le suivi pronostique et la mesure de l'impact économique d'une maladie létale : exemple de la leucémie myeloïde chronique." Lyon 1, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006LYO10252.
Full textThe introduction of a new anti-cancer therapy such as imatinib raises the question of the evolution of the number of patients treated over time. Imatinib retards progression to advanced stages and treared patients will survive longer. Apart from the clinical benefit for individual patients, there is also an impact on public health and on health expenditure, due not only to prescription changes but also through the increased prevalence of the disease. Prior to market access, the manufacter wanted to dispose of a model that could predict and compare the clinical evolution at 5 years of patients with CML. This mathematical model quantifies the number of patients who will be treated each year with imatinib and evaluates the budget impact relative to existing therapeutic strategies. This approach is used as a basis for the analysis and discussion of the interest and limits of modelling in public health
Crete, Rémi. "Prise en compte de l'hétérogénéité spatiale dans la modélisation de la dynamique du développement de la tavelure du pommier." Angers, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013ANGE0060.
Full textApple scab is one of the major diseases in apple orchards. Caused by an ascomycete fungus called venturia inaequalis, it can serious consequences for fruit production. The objective of this work is to model the spatiotemporal spread of scab, using data from an experiment conducted between 2004 and 2008 in an orchard located at INRA of Angers. Our model is based on a spatiotemporal poisson point process whose intensity represents the risk of infection by the pathogen. This intensity takes into account the main components of development of the disease : spore production, dispersal and infection in two main phases of contamination, as well as some environmental and climatic factors. In the introduction, we present the context and issues related to scab, we describe the experiment results and we provide some descriptive data analysis. After an overview of mathematical models used in plant epidemiology we define our model, spatially discrete and continuous in time. It depends on a few unknown parameters describing the various components of the development of the disease. Finally, we propose a method for parameter estimation based on a Bayesian approach, some numerical results from MCMC algorithm implemented and give conclusions on the spatial spread of scab
Karaman, Svebor. "Indexation de la vidéo portée : application à l’étude épidémiologique des maladies liées à l’âge." Thesis, Bordeaux 1, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011BOR14402/document.
Full textThe research of this PhD thesis is fulfilled in the context of wearable video monitoring of patients with aged dementia. The idea is to provide a new tool to medical practitioners for the early diagnosis of elderly dementia such as the Alzheimer disease. More precisely, Instrumental Activities of Daily Living (IADL) have to be indexed in videos recorded with a wearable recording device.Such videos present specific characteristics i.e. strong motion or strong lighting changes. Furthermore, the tackled recognition task is of a very strong semantics. In this difficult context, the first step of analysis is to define an equivalent to the notion of “shots” in edited videos. We therefore developed a method for partitioning continuous video streams into viewpoints according to the observed motion in the image plane.For the recognition of IADLs we developed a solution based on the formalism of Hidden Markov Models (HMM). A hierarchical HMM with two levels modeling semantic activities or intermediate states has been introduced. A complex set of features (dynamic, static, low-level, mid-level) was proposed and the most effective description spaces were identified experimentally.In the mid-level features for activities recognition we focused on the semantic objects the person manipulates in the camera view. We proposed a new concept for object/image description using local features (SURF) and the underlying semi-local connected graphs. We introduced a nested approach for graphs construction when the same scene can be described by levels of graphs with increasing number of nodes. We build these graphs with Delaunay triangulation on SURF points thus preserving good properties of local features i.e. the invariance with regard to affine transformation of image plane: rotation, translation and zoom.We use the graph features in the Bag-of-Visual-Words framework. The problem of distance or dissimilarity definition between graphs for clustering or recognition is obviously arisen. We propose a dissimilarity measure based on the Context Dependent Kernel of H. Sahbi and show its relation with the classical entry-wise norm when comparing trivial graphs (SURF points).The experiments are conducted on the first corpus in the world of wearable videos of IADL for HMM based activities recognition, and on publicly available academic datasets such as SIVAL and Caltech-101 for object recognition
Sommen, Cécile. "Modèles pour l'estimation de l'incidence de l'infection par le VIH en France à partir des données de surveillance VIH et SIDA." Thesis, Bordeaux 2, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009BOR21653/document.
Full textThe knowledge of the dynamics of the HIV/AIDS epidemic is crucial for planning current and future health care needs. The HIV incidence, i.e. the number of new HIV infections over time, determines the trajectory and the extent of the epidemic but is difficult to measure. The backcalculation method has been widely developed and used to estimate the past pattern of HIV infections and to project future incidence of AIDS from information on the incubation period distribution and AIDS incidence data. In recent years the incubation period from HIV infection to AIDS has changed dramatically due to increased use of antiretroviral therapy, which lengthens the time from HIV infection to the development of AIDS. Therefore, it has become more difficult to use AIDS diagnosis as the basis for back-calculation. More recently, the idea of integrating information on the dates of HIV diagnosis has improved the precision of estimates. In recent years, most western countries have set up a system for monitoring HIV infection. In France, the mandatory reporting of newly diagnosed HIV infection, coupled with virological surveillance to distinguish recent infections from older, was introduced in March 2003. The goal of this PhD thesis is to develop new methods for estimating the HIV incidence able to combine data from monitoring HIV and AIDS diagnoses and use of serologic markers collected in the virological surveillance in order to better understand the evolution of the epidemic in the most recent periods
Bailhache, Marion. "Maltraitance physique de l'enfant : perception de la violence physique et simulation de l’impact d’un programme de prévention primaire et secondaire du traumatisme crânien infligé." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016BORD0128/document.
Full textAmong child abuse, which is a major public health issue, Pediatric Abusive Head Trauma is one of the major causes of death in abused children. The aim of this thesis was to assess the opportunity of screening for physical child abuse. The first identified obstacle was the lack of knowledge about the beginning of physical child abuse, and the vagueness and lack ofstandardization of its definition. Therefore, we conducted a study to assess the perception of physical violence by parents toward their children, by parents and professionals in the emergency department of the university hospital of Bordeaux. The professionals were more tolerant than parents and the perception of a same situation could vary according to the professional. We have illustrated this variation with a clinical case of Pediatric Abusive Head Trauma, when the child had not already serious consequences of child abuse. Similarly, the difficulty of early identification of abused children was responsible for the fear of mother’sstigmatization. And we discussed the impact of management of the children and their mother.Finally, we evaluated the impact of a primary prevention program and screening program ofPediatric Abusive Head Trauma using a Markov model considering identified uncertainties.The simulation confirmed the potential benefits of primary prevention program documentedthe huge uncertainty regarding benefits associated with screening of Pediatric Abusive HeadTrauma. Future research should in particular focus on describing the effects of wrong lyidentifying parents as abusers
Kouegou, Kamen Boris. "Grandes déviations dans des modèles de biologie et des épidémies." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019AIXM0619.
Full textWe are interested in large deviations principle for Markov jump processes and it applications in biology and Eepidemiology. We prove using a new approach the lower bound of the large deviations principle for such general processes and we also write the well known upper bound. We apply these result to a malaria transmission model in epidemiology and give estimate to the exit time from the domain of attraction of the endemic equilibrium. We also apply the approach to obtain large deviations estimates for a model of evolutionary biology which describes the effect of continuous environment changes on the fitness of a given population. Finally we treat a deterministic spatially explicit model of cholera epidemics, propose a stochastic modelling and establish a law of large number. We end by giving large deviations estimates for the stochastic process
Pan-Yu, Yiyan. "Spectres de processus de Markov." Phd thesis, Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 1997. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00004959.
Full textGravereaux, Jean-Bernard. "Calcul stochastique et processus de Markov." Grenoble 2 : ANRT, 1988. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37613974b.
Full textHaugomat, Tristan. "Localisation en espace de la propriété de Feller avec application aux processus de type Lévy." Thesis, Rennes 1, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018REN1S046/document.
Full textIn this PhD thesis, we give a space localisation for the theory of Feller processes. A first objective is to obtain simple and precise results on the convergence of Markov processes. A second objective is to study the link between the notions of Feller property, martingale problem and Skorokhod topology. First we give a localised version of the Skorokhod topology. We study the notions of compactness and tightness for this topology. We make the connexion between localised and unlocalised Skorokhod topologies, by using the notion of time change. In a second step, using the localised Skorokhod topology and the time change, we study martingale problems. We show the equivalence between, on the one hand, to be solution of a well-posed martingale problem, on the other hand, to satisfy a localised version of the Feller property, and finally, to be a Markov process weakly continuous with respect to the initial condition. We characterise the weak convergence for solutions of martingale problems in terms of convergence of associated operators and give a similar result for discrete time approximations. Finally, we apply the theory of locally Feller process to some examples. We first apply it to the Lévy-type processes and obtain convergence results for discrete and continuous time processes, including simulation methods and Euler’s schemes. We then apply the same theory to one-dimensional diffusions in a potential and we obtain convergence results of diffusions or random walks towards singular diffusions. As a consequences, we deduce the convergence of random walks in random environment towards diffusions in random potential
De, Almeida Rui Manuel. "Décantation dans les chaînes de Markov." Lille 1, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986LIL10144.
Full textLachaud, Béatrice. "Détection de la convergence de processus de Markov." Phd thesis, Université René Descartes - Paris V, 2005. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00010473.
Full textRIVERO, MERCADO Victor. "Recouvrements Aléatoires et Processus de Markov Auto-Similaires." Phd thesis, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris VI, 2004. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00007346.
Full textAssouramou, Joseph. "Processus de Markov étiquetés et Systèmes Hybrides probabilistes." Thesis, Université Laval, 2012. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2012/28726/28726.pdf.
Full textWe compare two models of processes involving uncountable space. Labelled Markov processes are probabilistic transition systems that can have uncountably many states, but still make discrete time steps. The probability measures on the state space may have uncountable support and a tool has been developed for verification of such systems. Hybrid processes are a combination of a continuous space process that evolves continuously with time and of a discrete component, such as a controller. Existing extensions of Hybrid processes with probability restrict the probabilistic behavior to the discrete component. We have also shown, in a paper, how to compute for probabilistic hybrid systems, the clock approximation and linear phase-portrait approximation that have been proposed for non probabilistic processes by Henzinger et al. The techniques permit, under some conditions, to define a rectangular probabilistic process from a non rectangular one, hence allowing the model-checking of any class of systems. To highlight the differences between Labelled Markov processes and probabilistic hybrid systems, we use two examples, the ones of a boat and an aircraft, and
Rivero, Mercado Victor Manuel. "Récouvrements aléatoires et processus de Markov auto-similaires." Paris 6, 2004. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00007346.
Full textFourati, Sonia. "Tribus homogènes, commutations des projections entre tribus du futur et tribus du passé, une application à un formalisme de processus de Markov indexes par IR." Paris 6, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986PA066040.
Full textDoisy, Michel. "Comparaison de processus markoviens." Pau, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992PAUU3012.
Full textAzizi, Lamiae. "Champs aléatoires de Markov cachés pour la cartographie du risque en épidémiologie." Phd thesis, Université de Grenoble, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00680066.
Full textWang, Xinyu. "Sur la convergence sous-exponentielle de processus de Markov." Phd thesis, Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand II, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00840858.
Full textKiki, Maxime. "Étude des extrêmes d'une classe de processus de Markov." Lille 1, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995LIL10014.
Full textPéret, Laurent Garcia Frédérick. "Recherche en ligne pour les Processus Décisionnels de Markov." Toulouse : INP Toulouse, 2005. http://ethesis.inp-toulouse.fr/archive/00000039.
Full textValmy, Larissa. "Modèles hiérarchiques et processus ponctuels spatio-temporels - Applications en épidémiologie et en sismologie." Phd thesis, Université des Antilles-Guyane, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00841146.
Full textNoquet, Caroline. "Principe d'invariance local pour les chaînes de Markov." Lille 1, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997LIL10167.
Full textMeziane, Abdelouafi. "Quelques resultats nouveaux sur les mesures stationnaires de chaines de markov denombrables." Toulouse 3, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987TOU30252.
Full textBect, Julien. "Processus de Markov diffusifs par morceaux : outils analytiques et numériques." Phd thesis, Université Paris Sud - Paris XI, 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00169791.
Full textNous introduisons dans la première partie du mémoire la notion de processus diffusif par morceaux, qui fournit un cadre théorique général qui unifie les différentes classes de modèles "hybrides" connues dans la littérature. Différents aspects de ces modèles sont alors envisagés, depuis leur construction mathématique (traitée grâce au théorème de renaissance pour les processus de Markov) jusqu'à l'étude de leur générateur étendu, en passant par le phénomène de Zénon.
La deuxième partie du mémoire s'intéresse plus particulièrement à la question de la "propagation de l'incertitude", c'est-à-dire à la manière dont évolue la loi marginale de l'état au cours du temps. L'équation de Fokker-Planck-Kolmogorov (FPK) usuelle est généralisée à diverses classes de processus diffusifs par morceaux, en particulier grâce aux notions d'intensité moyenne de sauts et de courant de probabilité. Ces résultats sont illustrés par deux exemples de modèles multidimensionnels, pour lesquels une résolution numérique de l'équation de FPK généralisée a été effectuée grâce à une discrétisation en volumes finis. La comparaison avec des méthodes de type Monte-Carlo est également discutée à partir de ces deux exemples.
Laroche, Pierre. "Processus décisionnels de Markov appliqués à la planification sous incertitude." Nancy 1, 2000. http://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/public/SCD_T_2000_0012_LAROCHE.pdf.
Full textPOURRET, OLIVIER. "L'approximation lent-rapide pour les processus de markov en fiabilite." Paris 11, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA112415.
Full textLamine, Salem. "Processus de Markov multi-auto-similaires à valeurs dans IRd." Thesis, Angers, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019ANGE0055.
Full textThis thesis aims at studying all R^d-valued multi-self-similar Markov processes (mssMp’s), introduced by Jacobsen and Yor in 2003 in the aim of extending the famous Lamperti transformation to R_+^d -valued processes. A full description of these processes is given and many properties of these processes are proved in this work. In particular, we give in the second chapter the form of their state space,and we show that there is no finite entrance law at 0. We give conditions for these processes to satisfy the Feller property. A Lamperti-type representation is also valid for mssMp’s and there is a one-to-one relationship between the set of R^d-valued mssMp’s and the set of Markov additive processes with values in {-1,1}^d×R^d. This allowed us to establish, in the third chapter some properties of inversion, duality and conditioning of mssMp’s. In particular, we build under some assumptions an excessive function h for a give nmssMp. Then we show that the Doob h-transformis interpreted as the original process conditioned to avoid 0 or to hit 0 continuously. We show also under some reversibility conditions, that mssMp’s have the space inversion property
Mikou, Mohammed. "Options américaines dans les modèles exponentiels de Lévy." Phd thesis, Université Paris-Est, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00628448.
Full textMonter, Espinosa Maria del Rosario Cristina. "Trois essais sur le risque de défaut." Lyon 1, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008LYO10078.
Full textThe first essay analyses the default risk related to the Mexican external debt which exhibits a structural change at the beginning of the 90’s. Different stochastic discount factors are taken into account and a comparison with market data is presented. On the second essay, credit risk is modelled by incorporating simultaneously: (a) a grace period before declaring bankruptcy (Parisian option feature), and (b) the macro economic market conditions (regime switching model). A numerical method is proposed to evaluate the model. The third essay shows how the risk of default is incorporated to the market value of assets and liabilities of a life insurance company under a regime switching model. An econometric study using life insurance data is performed, providing strong evidence of switching behaviour on the market, affecting the contingent claim valuation. Finally, a numerical method is also proposed
Lei, Liangzhen. "Grande déviations pour les estimateurs à noyau de la densité et étude pour l'estimateur de décrément aléatoire." Clermont-Ferrand 2, 2005. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/docs/00/06/19/50/PDF/mathesefr.pdf.
Full textBrémont, Julien. "Marches aléatoires en milieu aléatoire sur Z ; dynamique d'applications locakement contractantes sur le cercle." Rennes 1, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002REN10138.
Full textAras, Raghav Charpillet François Dutech Alain. "Mathematical programming methods for decentralized POMDPs." S. l. : Nancy 1, 2008. http://www.scd.uhp-nancy.fr/docnum/SCD_T_2008_0092_ARAS.pdf.
Full textLei, Liangzhen Wu Li Ming. "Grande déviations pour les estimateurs à noyau de la densité et etude pour l'estimateur de décrément aléatoire." Clermont-Ferrand : Université Blaise Pascal, Clermont-Ferrand 2, 2009. http://195.221.120.247/simclient/consultation/binaries/stream.asp?INSTANCE=UCFRSIM&eidmpa=DOCUMENTS_THESES_112.
Full textCarmona, Philippe. "Généralisation de la loi de l'arc sinus et entrelacements de processus de Markov." Paris 6, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA066811.
Full textCiolek, Gabriela. "Bootstrap and uniform bounds for Harris Markov chains." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018SACLT024/document.
Full textThis thesis concentrates on some extensions of empirical processes theory when the data are Markovian. More specifically, we focus on some developments of bootstrap, robustness and statistical learning theory in a Harris recurrent framework. Our approach relies on the regenerative methods that boil down to division of sample paths of the regenerative Markov chain under study into independent and identically distributed (i.i.d.) blocks of observations. These regeneration blocks correspond to path segments between random times of visits to a well-chosen set (the atom) forming a renewal sequence. In the first part of the thesis we derive uniform bootstrap central limit theorems for Harris recurrent Markov chains over uniformly bounded classes of functions. We show that the result can be generalized also to the unbounded case. We use the aforementioned results to obtain uniform bootstrap central limit theorems for Fr´echet differentiable functionals of Harris Markov chains. Propelledby vast applications, we discuss how to extend some concepts of robustness from the i.i.d. framework to a Markovian setting. In particular, we consider the case when the data are Piecewise-determinic Markov processes. Next, we propose the residual and wild bootstrap procedures for periodically autoregressive processes and show their consistency. In the second part of the thesis we establish maximal versions of Bernstein, Hoeffding and polynomial tail type concentration inequalities. We obtain the inequalities as a function of covering numbers and moments of time returns and blocks. Finally, we use those tail inequalities toderive generalization bounds for minimum volume set estimation for regenerative Markov chains
Marion, Jean-Luc. "Planification avec incertitudes processus de decision de markov et methodes d'agregation." Paris 11, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996PA112049.
Full textMontagnon, Pierre. "Dynamiques de populations et processus épidémiques sur des réseaux d'échanges." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019SACLX025/document.
Full textThis thesis discusses the mathematical modelling of population dynamics on cattle trade networks coupled with epidemic processes.We first consider metapopulation models taking into account local demographic dynamics (immigration, births, deaths and animal movements due to trade between the nodes of the network). Recurrence and ergodicity criteria are stated for Markovian models with deterministic local dynamics and stochastic inter-nodal transferts, for a multitype branching process with immigration and for a jump process with logistic rates on a finite state space. In these last two cases, we study scaling limits of processes over finite time intervals and their stability over time scales that are exponentials of the scaling parameter.In a second part, we define a coupling of the jump population models considered with an SIR (Susceptible --- Infected --- Removed) epidemic dynamics. The resulting process accounts for local infectious contacts and pathogen propagation on the network due to movements of infective animals. We approximate the epidemic process by a multitype branching process on finite time intervals, then provide an iterative method to compute the probability of a emph{major epidemic outbreak}, defined as the event of survival of the approximating branching process. We then show that conditionally on a major epidemic outbreak and under a stability condition for an endemic equilibrium of the associated dynamical system, the extinction time and final size of the epidemic grow at least exponentially with respect to the scaling parameter of the model.We finally perform a numerical application of the theoretical results obtained on the SIR model coupled with logistic population dynamics. Calibrating the demographical model parameters on the 2015 Finistère cattle trade network, we compute indicators of the epidemic vulnerability of the network induced by individual holdings. We detail a protocol to assess the relative efficiency of three types of control strategies (screening at importation, isolation and vaccination) targeting the holdings identified as critical for the computed indicators
Doukhan, Paul. "Étude de processus mélangeants." Paris 11, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986PA112120.
Full textWe study here asymptomatic properties of mixing processes and their statistical applications. First we give sufficient conditions for mixing of classical processes like non-linear autoregressive ones. After that we give fundamental moment inequalities for sums and for cumulants sums; they allow us to obtain good versions of central limit theorem giving rates with respect to Dudley, Levy of Prohorov metrics. With these tools we give a weak invariance principle for the empirical multidimensional repartition function with arithmetic rate of convergence. We also give rates of convergence in the weak invariance principle for empirical measure in Sobolev spaces and for kernel estimates of the density and of the regression of mixing sequences. From another hand we give asymptotically Gaussian results for quadratic deviation of non parametric estimates from a various kind. Finally we give invariance principles and functional law of the iterated logarithm in the cases of the local time of a Markov recurrent process and of the empirical spectral density of a stationary mixing random process
Carlsson, Niclas. "Markov chains on metric spaces : invariant measures and asymptotic behaviour /." Åbo : Åbo akademi university, 2005. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb400328312.
Full textDjellout, Hacène. "Grandes déviations et déviations modérées de processus stochastiques." Clermont-Ferrand 2, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000CLF22237.
Full textDallaire, Patrick. "Apprentissage par Renforcement Bayésien de processus décisionnels de Markov partiellement observables: une approche basée sur les processus Gaussiens." Thesis, Université Laval, 2010. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2010/27809/27809.pdf.
Full textNafidi, Azzeddine. "Irréductibilité, ensembles petits et régénération des réseaux ouverts de Jackson généralisés." Rouen, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997ROUES024.
Full textZerhouni, Abder Rahim. "Diffusion et feuilletages." Grenoble 2 : ANRT, 1986. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37601925f.
Full textBreton, Nicolas. "Prédiction des structures secondaires séquentiellement optimales de l'ARN." Université de Marne-la-Vallée, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998MARN0020.
Full textTemine, Laura. "Modélisation déterministe et stochastique de processus épidémiques : application à la résistance aux antibiotiques." Paris 6, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA066491.
Full textViveros, Cancino Oscar. "Analyse du milieu urbain par une approche de fusion de données satellitaires optiques et radar." Nice, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003NICE4020.
Full textThis thesis is concerned with the analysis and extraction of urban areas in remote sensing images. As radiometric information alone is insufficient for the detection of such areas, we carry out a study of texture analysis techniques for urban scenes. Of the techniques currently available, we choose to describe texture using the conditional variance parameter of a Gaussian Markov model. This parameter, estimated at each point in the image, allows us to extract our initial urban mask. Having noted the complementary nature of radar and optical sensors, we combine the textural information of SPOT and ERS sensors to refine our mask. Finally, we propose and compare different supervised fission-fusion algorithms which allow us to perform an intra-urban classification. From the SPOT and ERS images we compute different texture and radiometric parameters. A classification is carried out using each of these parameters in turn. The importance of each parameter for each class is given by the corresponding confusion matrix which is computed using training zones. A fusion operator is defined using the different confusion matrices. The site of our study is Mexico City
Salaün, François. "Marche aléatoire sur un groupe libre : ensembles récurrents et lois limites conditionnellement à la sortie." Brest, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999BRES2012.
Full textMalrieu, Florent. "Inégalités fonctionnelles et comportement en temps long de quelques processus de Markov." Habilitation à diriger des recherches, Université Rennes 1, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00542278.
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