Relevant bibliographies by topics / Markov noise

Contents

  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Markov noise'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 6 September 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Markov noise"

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Novak, Stephanie, and Lyman J. Fretwell. "Non‐Markov noise processes." Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 80, S1 (December 1986): S64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.2023904.

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Kinge, Sanjaykumar, B. Sheela Rani, and Mukul Sutaone. "Restored texture segmentation using Markov random fields." Mathematical Biosciences and Engineering 20, no. 6 (2023): 10063–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.3934/mbe.2023442.

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<abstract> <p>Texture segmentation plays a crucial role in the domain of image analysis and its recognition. Noise is inextricably linked to images, just like it is with every signal received by sensing, which has an impact on how well the segmentation process performs in general. Recent literature reveals that the research community has started recognizing the domain of noisy texture segmentation for its work towards solutions for the automated quality inspection of objects, decision support for biomedical images, facial expressions identification, retrieving image data from a huge dataset and many others. Motivated by the latest work on noisy textures, during our work being presented here, Brodatz and Prague texture images are contaminated with Gaussian and salt-n-pepper noise. A three-phase approach is developed for the segmentation of textures contaminated by noise. In the first phase, these contaminated images are restored using techniques with excellent performance as per the recent literature. In the remaining two phases, segmentation of the restored textures is carried out by a novel technique developed using Markov Random Fields (MRF) and objective customization of the Median Filter based on segmentation performance metrics. When the proposed approach is evaluated on Brodatz textures, an improvement of up to 16% segmentation accuracy for salt-n-pepper noise with 70% noise density and 15.1% accuracy for Gaussian noise (with a variance of 50) has been made in comparison with the benchmark approaches. On Prague textures, accuracy is improved by 4.08% for Gaussian noise (with variance 10) and by 2.47% for salt-n-pepper noise with 20% noise density. The approach in the present study can be applied to a diversified class of image analysis applications spanning a wide spectrum such as satellite images, medical images, industrial inspection, geo-informatics, etc.</p> </abstract>
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Zhou, Xiaozhen, Shanping Li, and Zhen Ye. "A Novel System Anomaly Prediction System Based on Belief Markov Model and Ensemble Classification." Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2013 (2013): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/179390.

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Computer systems are becoming extremely complex, while system anomalies dramatically influence the availability and usability of systems. Online anomaly prediction is an important approach to manage imminent anomalies, and the high accuracy relies on precise system monitoring data. However, precise monitoring data is not easily achievable because of widespread noise. In this paper, we present a method which integrates an improved Evidential Markov model and ensemble classification to predict anomaly for systems with noise. Traditional Markov models use explicit state boundaries to build the Markov chain and then make prediction of different measurement metrics. A Problem arises when data comes with noise because even slight oscillation around the true value will lead to very different predictions. Evidential Markov chain method is able to deal with noisy data but is not suitable in complex data stream scenario. The Belief Markov chain that we propose has extended Evidential Markov chain and can cope with noisy data stream. This study further applies ensemble classification to identify system anomaly based on the predicted metrics. Extensive experiments on anomaly data collected from 66 metrics in PlanetLab have confirmed that our approach can achieve high prediction accuracy and time efficiency.
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Sanches, I. "Noise-compensated hidden Markov models." IEEE Transactions on Speech and Audio Processing 8, no. 5 (2000): 533–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/89.861372.

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Chyan, Phie, and N. Tri Saptadi. "Pemulihan Citra Berbasis Metode Markov Random Field." JURIKOM (Jurnal Riset Komputer) 9, no. 2 (April 29, 2022): 218. http://dx.doi.org/10.30865/jurikom.v9i2.3966.

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Image processing and computer vision today are faced with increasing big data applications. Excessive collection of Image data sometimes can have bad quality due to errors at the time of acquisition or at the time of transmission, so for that problem the method is needed to perform image restoration. Image restoration is a process to make improvements to the image with the aim of obtaining a clean image from noise like the original image. Among the methods that can be used in image restoration, Markov Random Field (MRF) based on a probabilistic representation of image processing problems, namely maximizing the probability size calculated starting from the input data for all candidate solutions can provide a faster sub-optimal solution for image restoration. Based on the implementation this experiment conducted with the noisy test image, the MRF method was capable to improve the noisy image up to 96.75 percent close to the original image without noise
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Korolkiewicz, Małgorzata Wiktoria. "A Dependent Hidden Markov Model of Credit Quality." International Journal of Stochastic Analysis 2012 (August 13, 2012): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/719237.

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We propose a dependent hidden Markov model of credit quality. We suppose that the "true" credit quality is not observed directly but only through noisy observations given by posted credit ratings. The model is formulated in discrete time with a Markov chain observed in martingale noise, where "noise" terms of the state and observation processes are possibly dependent. The model provides estimates for the state of the Markov chain governing the evolution of the credit rating process and the parameters of the model, where the latter are estimated using the EM algorithm. The dependent dynamics allow for the so-called "rating momentum" discussed in the credit literature and also provide a convenient test of independence between the state and observation dynamics.
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BORDONE, PAOLO, FABRIZIO BUSCEMI, and CLAUDIA BENEDETTI. "EFFECT OF MARKOV AND NON-MARKOV CLASSICAL NOISE ON ENTANGLEMENT DYNAMICS." Fluctuation and Noise Letters 11, no. 03 (September 2012): 1242003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219477512420035.

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We analyze the effect of a classical noise into the entanglement dynamics between two particles, initially entangled, subject to continuous time quantum walks in a one-dimensional lattice. The noise is modeled by randomizing the transition amplitudes from one site to another. Both Markovian and non-Markovian environments are considered. For the Markov regime an exponential decay of the initial quantum correlation is found, while the loss of coherence of the quantum state increases monotonically with time up to a saturation value depending upon the degrees of freedom of the system. For the non-Markov regime the presence or absence of entanglement revival and entanglement sudden death phenomena is found or deduced depending on the peculiar characteristics of the noise. Our results indicate that the entanglement dynamics in the non-Markovian regime is affected by the persistence of the memory effects of the environment and by its intrinsic features.
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Borkar, Vivek S. "Stochastic approximation with ‘controlled Markov’ noise." Systems & Control Letters 55, no. 2 (February 2006): 139–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.sysconle.2005.06.005.

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Godtliebsen, Fred. "Noise reduction using markov random fields." Journal of Magnetic Resonance (1969) 92, no. 1 (March 1991): 102–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0022-2364(91)90251-n.

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Alajaji, F., N. Phamdo, N. Farvardin, and T. E. Fuja. "Detection of binary Markov sources over channels with additive Markov noise." IEEE Transactions on Information Theory 42, no. 1 (1996): 230–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/18.481793.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Markov noise"

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Beattie, Valerie L. "Hidden Markov Model state-based noise compensation." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1992. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.259519.

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Bai, Jiongjun. "Adaptive hidden Markov noise modelling for speech enhancement." Thesis, Imperial College London, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/11158.

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A robust and reliable noise estimation algorithm is required in many speech enhancement systems. The aim of this thesis is to propose and evaluate a robust noise estimation algorithm for highly non-stationary noisy environments. In this work, we model the non-stationary noise using a set of discrete states with each state representing a distinct noise power spectrum. In this approach, the state sequence over time is conveniently represented by a Hidden Markov Model (HMM). In this thesis, we first present an online HMM re-estimation framework that models time-varying noise using a Hidden Markov Model and tracks changes in noise characteristics by a sequential model update procedure that tracks the noise characteristics during the absence of speech. In addition the algorithm will when necessary create new model states to represent novel noise spectra and will merge existing states that have similar characteristics. We then extend our work in robust noise estimation during speech activity by incorporating a speech model into our existing noise model. The noise characteristics within each state are updated based on a speech presence probability which is derived from a modified Minima controlled recursive averaging method. We have demonstrated the effectiveness of our noise HMM in tracking both stationary and highly non-stationary noise, and shown that it gives improved performance over other conventional noise estimation methods when it is incorporated into a standard speech enhancement algorithm.
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Gales, Mark John Francis. "Model-based techniques for noise robust speech recognition." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.319311.

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Paranchych, David W. "Markov modelling of digital symbol synchronizers in noise and interference." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/nq20576.pdf.

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Whalen, Nicholas J. "The capacity-cost function of channels with additive Markov noise." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/tape15/PQDD_0028/MQ31270.pdf.

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Skeen, Matthew E. (Matthew Edward). "Maximum likelihood estimation of fractional Brownian motion and Markov noise parameters." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/42527.

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CALVIA, ALESSANDRO. "Optimal control of pure jump Markov processes with noise-free partial observation." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10281/199013.

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La presente tesi tratta un problema di controllo ottimo su orizzonte temporale infinito per un processo di puro salto Markoviano e con osservazione parziale di tipo noise-free. È definita una coppia di processi stocastici, detti processo non osservato o segnale e processo osservato o dei dati. Il segnale è un processo di puro salto Markoviano a tempo continuo, a valori in uno spazio metrico completo e separabile, di cui è nota la misura controllata dei tassi di transizione. Il processo osservato prende valori in un ulteriore spazio metrico completo e separabile ed è di tipo noise-free. Con questa espressione si intende che i suoi valori a ogni tempo t sono funzione dei corrispondenti valori al tempo t del processo non osservato. Si fa l’ipotesi che tale funzione sia un’applicazione deterministica e, senza perdita di generalità, suriettiva tra gli spazi di stato dei processi non osservato e osservato. L’obiettivo è controllare la dinamica del processo non osservato, ossia la sua misura controllata dei tassi di transizione, attraverso un processo di controllo, il quale prende valori nell’insieme delle misure di probabilità di Borel su uno spazio metrico compatto, detto spazio delle azioni di controllo. I controlli ammissibili per il nostro problema sono i processi appena descritti che siano anche prevedibili rispetto alla filtrazione naturale del processo osservato. Il processo di controllo è scelto in questa classe al fine di minimizzare un funzionale costo con fattore di sconto su orizzonte temporale infinito. L’estremo inferiore di tale funzionale costo tra tutti i controlli ammissibili è la funzione valore. Per studiare la funzione valore è necessario un passo preliminare. Il problema di controllo ottimo a osservazione parziale deve essere espresso come problema a osservazione completa. Ciò è possibile grazie allo studio del processo di filtraggio, un processo a valori in misure che fornisce a ogni istante t la legge condizionale del processo non osservato data l’osservazione disponibile fino al tempo t (rappresentata dalla filtrazione naturale del processo osservato al tempo t). Si dimostra che il processo di filtraggio soddisfa un’equazione differenziale stocastica esplicita e si caratterizza tale processo come Piecewise Deterministic Markov Process, nel senso di Davis. Allo scopo di trattare il processo di filtraggio come variabile di stato, si studia un problema di controllo separato. Questo è definito come problema a tempo discreto e si mostra che è equivalente a quello originario, nel senso che le rispettive funzioni valore sono legate da una formula esplicita. Si dimostra, inoltre, che i controlli ammissibili per il problema originario e le strategie ammissibili di quello separato hanno una ben precisa struttura ed esiste una specifica relazione tra di essi. Si caratterizza, quindi, la funzione valore del problema di controllo separato (dunque, indirettamente, la funzione valore del problema originario) come unico punto fisso di un operatore di contrazione, il quale agisce dallo spazio delle funzioni continue e limitate sullo spazio di stato del processo di filtraggio in sé. Di conseguenza, si dimostra che la funzione valore è continua e limitata. Si studia anche il caso di un processo non osservato dato da una catena di Markov a stati finiti. In questo contesto, si mostra che la funzione valore del problema di controllo separato è uniformemente continua sullo spazio di stato del processo di filtraggio e che è l’unica soluzione viscosa vincolata (nel senso di Soner) di un’equazione di Hamilton-Jacobi-Bellman. Si dimostra, inoltre, che esiste un controllo ottimo ordinario, ossia un processo di controllo che prende valori nell’insieme delle azioni di controllo, e che tale processo è un piecewise open-loop control nel senso di Vermes.
This thesis is concerned with an infinite horizon optimal control problem for a pure jump Markov process with noise-free partial observation. We are given a pair of stochastic processes, named unobserved or signal process and observed or data process. The signal process is a continuous-time pure jump Markov process, taking values in a complete and separable metric space, whose controlled rate transition measure is known. The observed process takes values in another complete and separable metric space and is of noise-free type. With this we mean that its values at each time t are given as a function of the corresponding values at time t of the unobserved process. We assume that this function is a deterministic and, without loss of generality, surjective map between the state spaces of the signal and data processes. The aim is to control the dynamics of the unobserved process, i.e. its controlled rate transition measure, through a control process, taking values in the set of Borel probability measures on a compact metric space, named set of control actions. We take as admissible controls for our problem all the processes of this kind that are also predictable with respect to the natural filtration of the data process. The control process is chosen in this class to minimize a discounted cost functional on infinite time horizon. The infimum of this cost functional among all admissible controls is the value function. In order to study the value function a preliminary step is required. We need to recast our optimal control problem with partial observation into a problem with complete observation. This is done studying the filtering process, a measure-valued stochastic process providing at each time t the conditional law of the unobserved process given the available observations up to time t (represented by the natural filtration of the data process at time t). We show that the filtering process satisfies an explicit stochastic differential equation and we characterize it as a Piecewise Deterministic Markov Process, in the sense of Davis. To treat the filtering process as a state variable, we study a separated optimal control problem. We introduce it as a discrete-time one and we show that it is equivalent to the original one, i.e. their respective value functions are linked by an explicit formula. We also show that admissible controls of the original problem and admissible policies of the separated one have a specific structure and there is a precise relationship between them. Next, we characterize the value function of the separated control problem (hence, indirectly, the value function of the original control problem) as the unique fixed point of a contraction mapping, acting from the space of bounded continuous function on the state space of the filtering process into itself. Therefore, we prove that the value function is bounded and continuous. The special case of a signal process given by a finite-state Markov chain is also studied. In this setting, we show that the value function of the separated control problem is uniformly continuous on the state space of the filtering process and that it is the unique constrained viscosity solution (in the sense of Soner) of a Hamilton-Jacobi-Bellman equation. We also prove that an optimal ordinary control exists, i.e. a control process taking values in the set of control actions, and that this process is a piecewise open-loop control in the sense of Vermes.
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Kuckländer, Nina. "Synchronization via correlated noise and automatic control in ecological systems." Phd thesis, Universität Potsdam, 2006. http://opus.kobv.de/ubp/volltexte/2006/1082/.

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Subject of this work is the possibility to synchronize nonlinear systems via correlated noise and automatic control. The thesis is divided into two parts.
The first part is motivated by field studies on feral sheep populations on two islands of the St. Kilda archipelago, which revealed strong correlations due to environmental noise. For a linear system the population correlation equals the noise correlation (Moran effect). But there exists no systematic examination of the properties of nonlinear maps under the influence of correlated noise. Therefore, in the first part of this thesis the noise-induced correlation of logistic maps is systematically examined. For small noise intensities it can be shown analytically that the correlation of quadratic maps in the fixed-point regime is always smaller than or equal to the noise correlation. In the period-2 regime a Markov model explains qualitatively the main dynamical characteristics. Furthermore, two different mechanisms are introduced which lead to a higher correlation of the systems than the environmental correlation. The new effect of "correlation resonance" is described, i. e. the correlation yields a maximum depending on the noise intensity.
In the second part of the thesis an automatic control method is presented which synchronizes different systems in a robust way. This method is inspired by phase-locked loops and is based on a feedback loop with a differential control scheme, which allows to change the phases of the controlled systems. The effectiveness of the approach is demonstrated for controlled phase synchronization of regular oscillators and foodweb models.
Gegenstand der Arbeit ist die Möglichkeit der Synchronisierung von nichtlinearen Systemen durch korreliertes Rauschen und automatische Kontrolle. Die Arbeit gliedert sich in zwei Teile.
Der erste Teil ist motiviert durch Feldstudien an wilden Schafspopulationen auf zwei Inseln des St. Kilda Archipels, die starke Korrelationen aufgrund von Umwelteinflüssen zeigen. In einem linearen System entspricht die Korrelation der beiden Populationen genau der Rauschkorrelation (Moran-Effekt). Es existiert aber noch keine systematische Untersuchung des Verhaltens nichtlinearer Abbildungen unter dem Einfluss korrelierten Rauschens. Deshalb wird im ersten Teils dieser Arbeit systematisch die rauschinduzierte Korrelation zweier logistischer Abbildungen in den verschiedenen dynamischen Bereichen untersucht. Für kleine Rauschintensitäten wird analytisch gezeigt, dass die Korrelation von quadratischen Abbildungen im Fixpunktbereich immer kleiner oder gleich der Rauschkorrelation ist. Im Periode-2 Bereich beschreibt ein Markov-Modell qualitativ die wichtigsten dynamischen Eigenschaften. Weiterhin werden zwei unterschiedliche Mechanismen vorgestellt, die dazu führen, dass die beiden ungekoppelten Systeme stärker als ihre Umwelt korreliert sein können. Dabei wird der neue Effekt der "correlation resonance" aufgezeigt, d. h. es ergibt sich eine Resonanzkurve der Korrelation in Abbhängkeit von der Rauschstärke.
Im zweiten Teil der Arbeit wird eine automatische Kontroll-Methode präsentiert, die es ermöglicht sehr unterschiedliche Systeme auf robuste Weise in Phase zu synchronisieren. Die Methode ist angelehnt an Phase-locked-Loops und basiert auf einer Rückkopplungsschleife durch einen speziellen Regler, der es erlaubt die Phasen der kontrollierten Systeme zu ändern. Die Effektivität dieser Methode zur Kontrolle der Phasensynchronisierung wird an regulären Oszillatoren und an Nahrungskettenmodellen demonstriert.
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Bennett, Casey. "Channel Noise and Firing Irregularity in Hybrid Markov Models of the Morris-Lecar Neuron." Case Western Reserve University School of Graduate Studies / OhioLINK, 2016. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1441551744.

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Setiawan, Panji. "Exploration and optimization of noise reduction algorithms for speech recognition in embedded devices /." Aachen : Shaker, 2009. http://d-nb.info/99453583X/04.

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Books on the topic "Markov noise"

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Walsh, John Leclerc. Extraction of single channel current from correlated noise via a hidden Markov model. [s.l: s.n.], 1992.

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Herrmann, Samuel. Stochastic resonance: A mathematical approach in the small noise limit. Providence, Rhode Island: American Mathematical Society, 2014.

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Miller, Richard Kendall. Survey on industrial noise control markets. Madison, GA: Future Technology Surveys, 1989.

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Roberts, Mark J. Output price and markup dispersion in micro data: The roles of producer heterogeneity and noise. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, 1997.

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d', Almeida-Topor Hélène, Lakroum Monique 1953-, Spittler Gerd 1939-, Centre de recherches africaines (Paris, France), and Universität Bayreuth, eds. Le travail en Afrique noire: Représentations et pratiques à l'époque contemporaine. Paris: Karthala, 2003.

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Wei, Shang-Jin. The big players in the foreign exchange market: Do they trade on information or noise? Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, 1997.

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Empirical studies of Nigeria's foreign exchange parallel market II: Speculative efficiency and noisy trading. Nairobi: African Economic Research Consortium, 1997.

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Martin, Michael R. The inner voice of trading: Eliminate the noise, and profit from the strategies that are right for you. Upper Saddle River, N.J: FT Press, 2012.

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Corporation, Market Intelligence Research, ed. Medical equipment markets for eye, ear, nose and throat applications: Niche opportunities prevail. Mountain View, CA: Market Intelligence Research Corp., 1990.

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Barreiro, Santiago Francisco, and Luciana Mabel Cordo Russo, eds. Shapeshifters in Medieval North Atlantic Literature. NL Amsterdam: Amsterdam University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.5117/9789462984479.

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Representations of shapeshifters are prominent in medieval culture and they are particularly abundant in the vernacular literatures of the societies around the North Sea. Some of the figures in these stories remain well known in later folklore and often even in modern media, such as werewolves, dragons, berserkir and bird-maidens. Incorporating studies about Old English, Norse, Latin, Irish, and Welsh literature, this collection of essays marks an important new contribution to the study of medieval shapeshifters. Each essay highlights how shapeshifting cannot be studied in isolation, but intersects with many other topics, such as the supernatural, monstrosity, animality, gender and identity. Contributors to Shapeshifters in Medieval North Atlantic Literature come from different intellectual traditions, embracing a multidisciplinary approach combining influences from literary criticism, history, philology, and anthropology.
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Book chapters on the topic "Markov noise"

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Gardiner, Crispin W. "Quantum Markov Processes." In Quantum Noise, 140–79. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-09642-0_5.

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Gardiner, Crispin W., and Peter Zoller. "Quantum Markov Processes." In Quantum Noise, 130–68. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-04103-1_5.

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Lasota, Andrzej, and Michael C. Mackey. "Markov and Foias Operators." In Chaos, Fractals, and Noise, 393–447. New York, NY: Springer New York, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-4286-4_12.

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Lasota, Andrzej, and Michael C. Mackey. "Markov and Frobenius-Perron Operators." In Chaos, Fractals, and Noise, 37–50. New York, NY: Springer New York, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-4286-4_3.

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Vaseghi, Saeed V. "Hidden Markov Models." In Advanced Signal Processing and Digital Noise Reduction, 111–39. Wiesbaden: Vieweg+Teubner Verlag, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-322-92773-6_4.

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Budhiraja, Amarjit, and Paul Dupuis. "Recursive Markov Systems with Small Noise." In Analysis and Approximation of Rare Events, 79–117. New York, NY: Springer US, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-9579-0_4.

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Abbas, Syed Mohsin, Marwan Jalaleddine, and Warren J. Gross. "Hardware Architecture for GRAND Markov Order (GRAND-MO)." In Guessing Random Additive Noise Decoding, 95–123. Cham: Springer Nature Switzerland, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-31663-0_5.

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Maassen, Hans. "Quantum Markov Processes Driven by Bose Noise." In Fundamental Aspects of Quantum Theory, 125–31. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-5221-1_13.

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Jalen, Luka, and Rogemar S. Mamon. "Parameter Estimation in a Regime-Switching Model with Non-normal Noise." In Hidden Markov Models in Finance, 241–61. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-7442-6_11.

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Belavkin, V. P. "Quantum Filtering of Markov Signals with White Quantum Noise." In Quantum Communications and Measurement, 381–91. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-1391-3_37.

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Conference papers on the topic "Markov noise"

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Pearce, Charles E. M. "Entropy, Markov information sources and Parrondo games." In Unsolved problems of noise and fluctuations. AIP, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.59976.

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White, Langford B. "Tree indexed Markov processes and long range dependency." In Unsolved problems of noise and fluctuations. AIP, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.59988.

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Newson, Paul, and John Krumm. "Hidden Markov map matching through noise and sparseness." In the 17th ACM SIGSPATIAL International Conference. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/1653771.1653818.

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Beattie, V. L., and Steve J. Young. "Hidden Markov model state-based cepstral noise compensation." In 2nd International Conference on Spoken Language Processing (ICSLP 1992). ISCA: ISCA, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.21437/icslp.1992-171.

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Prokopenko, I. G. "Nonparametric Algorithms For Detection Of Radar Markov Signals Against The Background Of Markov Noise." In 2020 21st International Radar Symposium (IRS). IEEE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.23919/irs48640.2020.9253776.

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Lapuyade-Lahorgue, Jérôme, and Wojciech Pieczynski. "Partially Markov models and unsupervised segmentation of semi-Markov chains hidden with long dependence noise." In Recent Advances in Stochastic Modeling and Data Analysis. WORLD SCIENTIFIC, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/9789812709691_0029.

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Mahmood, Ahmed, and Mandar Chitre. "Temporal analysis of stationary Markov a-sub-Gaussian noise." In OCEANS 2016 MTS/IEEE Monterey. IEEE, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/oceans.2016.7761390.

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Haggag, Sherif, Shady Mohamed, Asim Bhatti, Hussein Haggag, and Saeid Nahavandi. "Noise level classification for EEG using Hidden Markov Models." In 2015 10th System of Systems Engineering Conference (SoSE). IEEE, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/sysose.2015.7151974.

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Mutschler, Christopher, and Michael Philippsen. "Learning event detection rules with noise hidden Markov models." In 2012 NASA/ESA Conference on Adaptive Hardware and Systems (AHS). IEEE, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ahs.2012.6268645.

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Mirbadin, Anoush, Ehsan Kiani, Armando Vannucci, and Giulio Colavolpe. "Estimation of Gaussian Processes in Markov-Middleton Impulsive Noise." In 2019 1st Global Power, Energy and Communication Conference (GPECOM). IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/gpecom.2019.8778579.

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Reports on the topic "Markov noise"

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Jebrail, F. F., and R. S. Kistler. L51753 Natural Draft Aerial Coolers. Chantilly, Virginia: Pipeline Research Council International, Inc. (PRCI), January 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.55274/r0010422.

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In recent years, environmental regulations have tightened and community involvement in environmental issues has increased. The pipeline industry has responded by attempting to reduce the negative economic and environmental impact of conventional air-cooled heat exchangers, which are characterized by high noise levels, excessive energy consumption, and high maintenance costs. While industry has had limited success in reducing air cooler noise using silencers and timed variable-speed fans, these solutions are costly. The most effective noise reduction method is to reduce or eliminate noise at its source. The primary goals of this investigation were to address key technical issues and to document natural draft aerial cooler (NDAC) design knowledge. The following objectives were identified: - Form a project team from PRCI-recommended aerial cooler manufacturers to design a quiet aerial cooler - Conduct technical and economic analyses to determine the actual operating needs and constraints of NDACs - Conduct market analyses to evaluate and identify the marketing issues associated with NDACs - Document the results of the project in a final report In recent years, the number of environmental permits mandating the use of natural draft aerial coolers to reduce noise has increased. Natural draft aerial cooler technology can potentially eliminate noise and improve operational energy efficiency. A broad group of applications could benefit from this technology, including natural gas, engine jacket water, auxiliary water, and engine lube oil cooling. With noise regulations and penalties becoming increasingly stringent, natural draft heat transfer technology is becoming more important. No organization has as yet fully investigated it. The technical and economic feasibility of NDACs were investigated for natural gas, engine jacket water, auxiliary water, and lube oil cooler applications.
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Ait-Sahalia, Yacine, and Jialin Yu. High Frequency Market Microstructure Noise Estimates and Liquidity Measures. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, February 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w13825.

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Roberts, Mark, and Dylan Supina. Output Price and Markup Dispersion in Micro Data: The Roles of Producer Heterogeneity and Noise. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, June 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w6075.

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Wei, Shang-Jin, and Jungshik Kim. The Big Players in the Foreign Exchange Market: Do They Trade on Information or Noise? Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, November 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w6256.

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Ait-Sahalia, Yacine, and Per Mykland. How Often to Sample a Continuous-Time Process in the Presence of Market Microstructure Noise. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, April 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w9611.

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Jiang, Yuxiang. Unsettled Technology Areas in Electric Propulsion Systems. SAE International, May 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/epr2021012.

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Electric vehicle (EV) transmission technology—crucial for battery electric vehicles (BEVs) and hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs)—is developing quickly and customers want good performance at a low cost. Single-speed gearboxes are popular in electric drive systems due to their simple and cost-effective configuration. However, multispeed gearboxes are being taken to market due to their higher low-speed torque, dynamic performance, and energy efficiency. Unsettled Technology Areas in Electric Propulsion Systems reviews the economic drivers, existing techniques, and current challenges of EV transmission technology—including torque interruption during shifting; thermal and sealing issues; and noise, vibration, and harshness (NVH). This report discusses the pros and cons for both single-speed and multispeed gearboxes with numerical analysis.
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Тарасова, Олена Юріївна, and Ірина Сергіївна Мінтій. Web application for facial wrinkle recognition. Кривий Ріг, КДПУ, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.31812/123456789/7012.

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Facial recognition technology is named one of the main trends of recent years. It’s wide range of applications, such as access control, biometrics, video surveillance and many other interactive humanmachine systems. Facial landmarks can be described as key characteristics of the human face. Commonly found landmarks are, for example, eyes, nose or mouth corners. Analyzing these key points is useful for a variety of computer vision use cases, including biometrics, face tracking, or emotion detection. Different methods produce different facial landmarks. Some methods use only basic facial landmarks, while others bring out more detail. We use 68 facial markup, which is a common format for many datasets. Cloud computing creates all the necessary conditions for the successful implementation of even the most complex tasks. We created a web application using the Django framework, Python language, OpenCv and Dlib libraries to recognize faces in the image. The purpose of our work is to create a software system for face recognition in the photo and identify wrinkles on the face. The algorithm for determining the presence and location of various types of wrinkles and determining their geometric determination on the face is programmed.
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Firon, Nurit, Prem Chourey, Etan Pressman, Allen Hartwell, and Kenneth J. Boote. Molecular Identification and Characterization of Heat-Stress-Responsive Microgametogenesis Genes in Tomato and Sorghum - A Feasibility Study. United States Department of Agriculture, October 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2007.7591741.bard.

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Exposure to higher than optimal temperatures - heat-stress (HS) - is becoming increasingly common to all crop plants worldwide. Heat stress coinciding with microgametogenesis, especially during the post-meiotic phase that is marked by starch biosynthesis, is often associated with starch-deficient pollen and male sterility and ultimately, greatly reduced crop yields. The molecular basis for the high sensitivity of developing pollen grains, on one hand, and factors involved in pollen heat-tolerance, on the other, is poorly understood. The long-term goal of this project is to provide a better understanding of the genes that control pollen quality under heat-stress conditions. The specific objectives of this project were: (1) Determination of the threshold heat stress temperature(s) that affects tomato and sorghum pollen quality whether: a) Chronic mild heat stress conditions (CMHS), or b) Acute heat stress (AHS). (2) Isolation of heat-responsive, microgametogenesis-specific sequences. During our one-year feasibility project, we have accomplished the proposed objectives as follows: Objectrive 1: We have determined the threshold HS conditions in tomato and sorghum. This was essential for achieving the 2nd objective, since our accumulated experience (both Israeli and US labs) indicate that when temperature is raised too high above "threshold HS levels" it may cause massive death of the developing pollen grains. Above-threshold conditions have additional major disadvantages including the "noise" caused by induced expression of genes involved in cell death and masking of the differences between heatsensitive and heat-tolerant pollen grains. Two different types of HS conditions were determined: a) Season-long CMHS conditions: 32/26°C day/night temperatures confirmed in tomato and 36/26°C day maximum/night minimum temperatures in sorghum. b) Short-term AHS: In tomato, 2 hour exposure to 42-45°C (at 7 to 3 days before anthesis) followed by transfer to 28/22±2oC day/night temperatures until flower opening and pollen maturation, caused 50% reduced germinating pollen in the heat-sensitive 3017 cv.. In sorghum, 36/26°C day/night temperatures 10 to 5 days prior to panicle emergence, occurring at 35 days after sowing (DAS) in cv. DeKalb28E, produced starch-deficient and sterile pollen. Objective 2: We have established protocols for the high throughput transcriptomic approach, cDNA-AFLP, for identifying and isolating genes exhibiting differential expression in developing microspores exposed to either ambient or HS conditions and created a databank of HS-responsivemicrogametogenesis-expressed genes. A subset of differentially displayed Transcript-Derived Fragments (TDFs) that were cloned and sequenced (35 & 23 TDFs in tomato and sorghum, respectively) show close sequence similarities with metabolic genes, genes involved in regulation of carbohydrate metabolism, genes implicated in thermotolerance (heat shock proteins), genes involved in long chain fatty acids elongation, genes involved in proteolysis, in oxidation-reduction, vesicle-mediated transport, cell division and transcription factors. T-DNA-tagged Arabidopsis mutants for part of these genes were obtained to be used for their functional analysis. These studies are planned for a continuation project. Following functional analyses of these genes under HS – a valuable resource of genes, engaged in the HS-response of developing pollen grains, that could be modulated for the improvement of pollen quality under HS in both dicots and monocots and/or used to look for natural variability of such genes for selecting heat-tolerant germplasm - is expected.
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Rouseff, Russell L., and Michael Naim. Characterization of Unidentified Potent Flavor Changes during Processing and Storage of Orange and Grapefruit Juices. United States Department of Agriculture, September 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2002.7585191.bard.

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Citrus juice flavor quality traditionally diminishes after thermal processing and continuously during storage. Our prior studies found that four of the five most potent off-aromas formed during orange juice storage had not been identified. The primary emphasis of this project was to characterize and identify those potent flavor degrading aroma volatiles so that methods to control them could be developed and final flavor quality improved. Our original objectives included: 1 Isolate and characterize the most important unidentified aroma impact compounds formed or lost during pasteurization and storage. 2. Determination of thiamine and carotenoid thermal decomposition and Strecker degradation pathways in model solutions as possible precursors for the unidentified off-flavors. 3. Evaluate the effectiveness of an "electronic nose" to differentiate the headspace aromas of from untreated and heat pasteurized orange and grapefruit juices. 4. Use model systems of citrus juices to investigate the three possible precursor pathways (from 2) for flavor impact compounds formed or lost during pasteurization or storage. RESULTS - The components responsible for citrus storage off flavors and their putative precursors have now been identified. Certain carotenoids (b-carotene) can thermally degrade to produce b-ionone and b-damascenone which are floral and tobacco smelling respectively. Our GC-O and sensory experiments indicated that b-damascenone is a potential storage off-flavor in orange juice. Thiamine (Vitamin B1) degradation produces 2-methyl-3-furan thiol, MFT, and its dimer bis(2- methyl-3-furyl) disulfide which both produce meaty, savory aromas. GC-O and sensory studies indicated that MFT is another storage off-flavor. Methional (potato aroma) is another off flavor produced primarily from the reaction of the native amino acid, methionine, and oxidized ascorbic acid (vitamin C). This is a newly discovered pathway for the production of methional and is more dominant in juices than the classic Maillard reaction. These newly identified off flavors diminish the flavor quality of citrus juices as they distort the flavor balance and introduce non-typical aromas to the juice flavor profile. In addition, we have demonstrated that some of the poor flavor quality citrus juice found in the market place is not only from the production of these and other off flavors but also due to the absence of desirable flavor components including several potent aldehydes and a few esters. The absence of these compounds appears to be due to incomplete flavor volatile restoration after the making of juice concentrates. We are the first to demonstrate that not all flavor volatiles are removed along with water in the production of juice concentrate. In the case of grapefruit juice we have documented which flavor volatiles are completely removed, which are partially removed and which actually increase because of the thermal process. Since more that half of all citrus juices is made into concentrate, this information will allow producers to more accurately restore the original flavor components and produce a juice with a more natural flavor. IMPLICATIONS - We have shown that the aroma of citrus juices is controlled by only 1-2% of the total volatiles. The vast majority of other volatiles have little to no direct aroma activity. The critical volatiles have now been identified. The ability to produce high quality citrus juices requires that manufacturers know which chemical components control aroma and flavor. In addition to identifying the critical flavor components (both positive and negative), we have also identified several precursors. The behavior of these key aroma compounds and their precursors during common manufacturing and storage conditions has been documented so manufacturers in Israel and the US can alter production practices to minimize the negative ones and maximize the positive ones.
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